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Honeder SE, Tomin T, Schinagl M, Pfleger R, Hoehlschen J, Darnhofer B, Schittmayer M, Birner‐Gruenberger R. Research Advances Through Activity‐Based Lipid Hydrolase Profiling. Isr J Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Elisabeth Honeder
- Research and Diagnostic Institute of Pathology Medical University of Graz Stiftingtalstraße 6 8036 Graz Austria
| | - Tamara Tomin
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics University of Technology Vienna Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Wien Austria
| | - Maximilian Schinagl
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics University of Technology Vienna Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Wien Austria
| | - Raphael Pfleger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics University of Technology Vienna Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Wien Austria
| | - Julia Hoehlschen
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics University of Technology Vienna Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Wien Austria
| | - Barbara Darnhofer
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry Center for Medical Research Medical University of Graz Neue Stiftingtalstraße 24 8036 Graz Austria
| | - Matthias Schittmayer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics University of Technology Vienna Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Wien Austria
| | - Ruth Birner‐Gruenberger
- Research and Diagnostic Institute of Pathology Medical University of Graz Stiftingtalstraße 6 8036 Graz Austria
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics University of Technology Vienna Getreidemarkt 9 1060 Wien Austria
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Silva M, Kwok RKH. Use of Computational Toxicology Tools to Predict In Vivo Endpoints Associated with Mode of Action and the Endocannabinoid System: A Case Study with Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-oxon and Δ9Tetrahydrocannabinol. Curr Res Toxicol 2022; 3:100064. [PMID: 35243363 PMCID: PMC8860916 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2022.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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3
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Wojciechowska M, Stepnowski P, Gołębiowski M. The impact of insecticides containing deltamethrin and cyfluthrin on the composition of surface compounds in the larvae, females and males of
Tenebrio molitor. Biomed Chromatogr 2022; 36:e5346. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk Gdańsk Poland
| | - Piotr Stepnowski
- Laboratory of Chemical Environmental Risks, Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk Gdańsk Poland
| | - Marek Gołębiowski
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analysis, Faculty of Chemistry University of Gdańsk Gdańsk Poland
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Silva MH. Chlorpyrifos and Δ 9 Tetrahydrocannabinol exposure and effects on parameters associated with the endocannabinoid system and risk factors for obesity. Curr Res Toxicol 2021; 2:296-308. [PMID: 34467221 PMCID: PMC8384771 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Marilyn Silva. Retired from a career in toxicology and risk assessment. Increased childhood and adult obesity are associated with chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate pesticide. Cannabis (Δ9Tetrahydrocannabinol: Δ9THC) use has increased globally with legalization. CPF applications on cannabis crops lacks federally regulated tolerances and may pose health risks through exposure during development and in adulthood. Both CPF and Δ9THC affect the endocannabinoid system (eCBS), a regulator of appetite, energy balance, and gut microbiota, which, if disrupted, increases risk for obesity and related diseases. CPF inhibits eCB metabolism and Δ9THC is a partial agonist/antagonist at the cannabinoid receptor (CB1R). Effects of each on obesogenic parameters were examined via literature search. Male rodents with CPF exposure showed increased body weights, dysbiosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, potentially associated with increased eCBs acting through the gut-microbiota-adipose-brain regulatory loop. Δ9THC generally decreased body weights via partial agonism at the CB1R, lowering levels of eCBs. Dysbiosis and/or oxidative stress associated inflammation occurred with CPF, but these parameters were not tested with Δ9THC. Database deficiencies included limited endpoints to compare between chemicals/age-groups, inter-study variables (dose ranges, dosing vehicle, rodent strain, treatment duration, etc.). CPF and Δ9THC were not tested together, but human co-chemical effects would depend on exposure ratio, subject age, exposure duration, and health status, among others. An overriding concern is that both chemicals are well-documented developmental neurotoxins in addition to their low dose effects on energy balance. A co-exposure risk assessment is warranted with increased use and lack of federal CPF regulation on cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn H. Silva
- Retired from a career in toxicology and risk assessment 2437, Evenstar Lane, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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Szafran BN, Borazjani A, Seay CN, Carr RL, Lehner R, Kaplan BLF, Ross MK. Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Serine Hydrolase Activities, Lipid Mediators, and Immune Responses in Lungs of Neonatal and Adult Mice. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1556-1571. [PMID: 33900070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is an organophosphate (OP) pesticide that causes acute toxicity by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the nervous system. However, endocannabinoid (eCB) metabolizing enzymes in brain of neonatal rats are more sensitive than AChE to inhibition by CPF, leading to increased levels of eCBs. Because eCBs are immunomodulatory molecules, we investigated the association between eCB metabolism, lipid mediators, and immune function in adult and neonatal mice exposed to CPF. We focused on lung effects because epidemiologic studies have linked pesticide exposures to respiratory diseases. CPF was hypothesized to disrupt lung eCB metabolism and alter lung immune responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and these effects would be more pronounced in neonatal mice due to an immature immune system. We first assessed the biochemical effects of CPF in adult mice (≥8 weeks old) and neonatal mice after administering CPF (2.5 mg/kg, oral) or vehicle for 7 days. Tissues were harvested 4 h after the last CPF treatment and lung microsomes from both age groups demonstrated CPF-dependent inhibition of carboxylesterases (Ces), a family of xenobiotic and lipid metabolizing enzymes, whereas AChE activity was inhibited in adult lungs only. Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP)-mass spectrometry of lung microsomes identified 31 and 32 individual serine hydrolases in neonatal lung and adult lung, respectively. Of these, Ces1c/Ces1d/Ces1b isoforms were partially inactivated by CPF in neonatal lung, whereas Ces1c/Ces1b and Ces1c/BChE were partially inactivated in adult female and male lungs, respectively, suggesting age- and sex-related differences in their sensitivity to CPF. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activities in lung were unaffected by CPF. When LPS (1.25 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered following the 7-day CPF dosing period, little to no differences in lung immune responses (cytokines and immunophenotyping) were noted between the CPF and vehicle groups. However, a CPF-dependent increase in the amounts of dendritic cells and certain lipid mediators in female lung following LPS challenge was observed. Experiments in neonatal and adult Ces1d-/- mice yielded similar results as wild type mice (WT) following CPF treatment, except that CPF augmented LPS-induced Tnfa mRNA in adult Ces1d-/- mouse lungs. This effect was associated with decreased expression of Ces1c mRNA in Ces1d-/- mice versus WT mice in the setting of LPS exposure. We conclude that CPF exposure inactivates several Ces isoforms in mouse lung and, during an inflammatory response, increases certain lipid mediators in a female-dependent manner. However, it did not cause widespread altered lung immune effects in response to an LPS challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany N Szafran
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Abdolsamad Borazjani
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Caitlin N Seay
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Russell L Carr
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Richard Lehner
- Departments of Cell Biology and Pediatrics, Group on Molecular & Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Barbara L F Kaplan
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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Scinto SL, Bilodeau DA, Hincapie R, Lee W, Nguyen SS, Xu M, am Ende CW, Finn MG, Lang K, Lin Q, Pezacki JP, Prescher JA, Robillard MS, Fox JM. Bioorthogonal chemistry. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2021; 1:30. [PMID: 34585143 PMCID: PMC8469592 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-021-00028-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal chemistry represents a class of high-yielding chemical reactions that proceed rapidly and selectively in biological environments without side reactions towards endogenous functional groups. Rooted in the principles of physical organic chemistry, bioorthogonal reactions are intrinsically selective transformations not commonly found in biology. Key reactions include native chemical ligation and the Staudinger ligation, copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, strain-promoted [3 + 2] reactions, tetrazine ligation, metal-catalysed coupling reactions, oxime and hydrazone ligations as well as photoinducible bioorthogonal reactions. Bioorthogonal chemistry has significant overlap with the broader field of 'click chemistry' - high-yielding reactions that are wide in scope and simple to perform, as recently exemplified by sulfuryl fluoride exchange chemistry. The underlying mechanisms of these transformations and their optimal conditions are described in this Primer, followed by discussion of how bioorthogonal chemistry has become essential to the fields of biomedical imaging, medicinal chemistry, protein synthesis, polymer science, materials science and surface science. The applications of bioorthogonal chemistry are diverse and include genetic code expansion and metabolic engineering, drug target identification, antibody-drug conjugation and drug delivery. This Primer describes standards for reproducibility and data deposition, outlines how current limitations are driving new research directions and discusses new opportunities for applying bioorthogonal chemistry to emerging problems in biology and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L. Scinto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Didier A. Bilodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Robert Hincapie
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Wankyu Lee
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, MA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Sean S. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | - Minghao Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- These authors contributed equally: Didier A. Bilodeau, Robert Hincapie, Wankyu Lee, Sean S. Nguyen, Minghao Xu
| | | | - M. G. Finn
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathrin Lang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Paul Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Prescher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | | | - Joseph M. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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Lyagin I, Efremenko E. Enzymes, Reacting with Organophosphorus Compounds as Detoxifiers: Diversity and Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1761. [PMID: 33578824 PMCID: PMC7916636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds (OPCs) are able to interact with various biological targets in living organisms, including enzymes. The binding of OPCs to enzymes does not always lead to negative consequences for the body itself, since there are a lot of natural biocatalysts that can catalyze the chemical transformations of the OPCs via hydrolysis or oxidation/reduction and thereby provide their detoxification. Some of these enzymes, their structural differences and identity, mechanisms, and specificity of catalytic action are discussed in this work, including results of computational modeling. Phylogenetic analysis of these diverse enzymes was specially realized for this review to emphasize a great area for future development(s) and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Olsvik PA, Larsen AK, Berntssen MHG, Goksøyr A, Karlsen OA, Yadetie F, Sanden M, Kristensen T. Effects of Agricultural Pesticides in Aquafeeds on Wild Fish Feeding on Leftover Pellets Near Fish Farms. Front Genet 2019; 10:794. [PMID: 31611904 PMCID: PMC6775492 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening has revealed that modern-day feeds used in Atlantic salmon aquaculture might contain trace amounts of agricultural pesticides. To reach slaughter size, salmon are produced in open net pens in the sea. Uneaten feed pellets and undigested feces deposited beneath the net pens represent a source of contamination for marine organisms. To examine the impacts of long-term and continuous dietary exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide found in Atlantic salmon feed, we fed juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), an abundant species around North Atlantic fish farms, three concentrations (0.5, 4.2, and 23.2 mg/kg) of chlorpyrifos-methyl (CPM) for 30 days. Endpoints included liver and bile bioaccumulation, liver transcriptomics and metabolomics, as well as plasma cholinesterase activity, cortisol, liver 7-ethoxyresor-ufin-O-deethylase activity, and hypoxia tolerance. The results show that Atlantic cod can accumulate relatively high levels of CPM in liver after continuous exposure, which is then metabolized and excreted via the bile. All three exposure concentrations lead to significant inhibition of plasma cholinesterase activity, the primary target of CPM. Transcriptomics profiling pointed to effects on cholesterol and steroid biosynthesis. Metabolite profiling revealed that CPM induced responses reflecting detoxification by glutathione-S-transferase, inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase, potential inhibition of carboxylesterase, and increased demand for ATP, followed by secondary inflammatory responses. A gradual hypoxia challenge test showed that all groups of exposed fish were less tolerant to low oxygen saturation than the controls. In conclusion, this study suggests that wild fish continuously feeding on leftover pellets near fish farms over time may be vulnerable to organophosphorus pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pål A. Olsvik
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Anett Kristin Larsen
- Department of Research and Development, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Anders Goksøyr
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Liu H, Zhou H, Du H, Xiao Q, Pistolozzi M. Kinetically-controlled mechanism-based isolation of metabolic serine hydrolases in active form from complex proteomes: butyrylcholinesterase as a case study. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38505-38519. [PMID: 35540231 PMCID: PMC9075836 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07583f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work an activity-based probe containing a carbamate group was designed to isolate human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE), a metabolic serine hydrolase (mSH), from complex proteomes. The method took advantage of the native interaction mechanism of mSHs with carbamate pseudo-substrates for temporarily capturing the enzyme on a resin functionalized with the carbamate probe and releasing the enzyme in active form after removal of the contaminating proteins. The isolation relied on the possibility of manipulating the carbamylation and decarbamylation kinetics favoring the former during the capture and wash steps and the latter in the release step. The designed probe captured and released all the active hBChE isoenzymes present in plasma with high selectivity (up to ∼2000-fold purification) and reasonable yields (17% to 36%). The parameters affecting the performance were the incubation time used in the load and elution steps, the plasma to resin volumetric ratio, the elution temperature and the nature and concentration of the eluting agent. The carbamate resin could be prepared either by coupling a fully synthesized probe with an activated resin or by building the probe onto the resin by a step-by-step procedure, without major differences in performance between the two routes. The prepared resins allowed to process up to about 8.5 mL of plasma per g of resin with constant performance. Since the method was based on the general catalytic cycle of mSHs, we expect this approach to be applicable to other enzymes of the family, by selecting a suitable target-selective feature to link to the carbamate group. The modulation of the equilibrium between carbamylation and decarbamylation kinetics is used to isolate a model metabolic serine hydrolase.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huaqiao Du
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Xiao
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Pistolozzi
- School of Biology & Biological Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Higher Education Mega Center
- Guangzhou
- People's Republic of China
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Hill KL, Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Willmore WG, Letcher RJ. Organophosphate triesters and selected metabolites enhance binding of thyroxine to human transthyretin in vitro. Toxicol Lett 2018; 285:87-93. [PMID: 29306024 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The toxicological properties of organophosphate (OP) triesters that are used as flame retardants and plasticizers are currently not well understood, though increasing evidence suggests they can affect the thyroid system. Perturbation of thyroid hormone (TH) transport is one mechanism of action that may affect thyroid function. The present study applied an in vitro competitive protein binding assay with thyroxine (T4) and human transthyretin (hTTR) transport protein to determine the potential for the OP triesters, TDCIPP (tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate), TBOEP (tris(butoxyethyl) phosphate), TEP (triethyl phosphate), TPHP (triphenyl phosphate), p-OH-TPHP (para-hydroxy triphenyl phosphate), and the OP diester DPHP (diphenyl phosphate), to competitively displace T4 from hTTR. Enhancement of T4 binding to hTTR, rather than the hypothesized competition, was observed for the six OP esters and in a concentration-dependent manner. For example, T4-hTTR binding was significantly increased at concentrations of TBOEP as low as 64 nM, and up to 184% of controls at 5000 nM. A plausible explanation of these results, which to our knowledge has not been previously reported, may be allosteric interactions of the OP esters with hTTR allowing T4 to access the second site of the TH binding pocket. These in vitro results suggest a novel mechanism of OP ester toxicity via T4 binding enhancement, and possible dysregulation of T4-hTTR interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie L Hill
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada; Intrinsik Corp., Ottawa, Canada
| | - Timo Hamers
- Department of Environment and Health, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorke H Kamstra
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, CoE CERAD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, 0033, Norway
| | | | - Robert J Letcher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.
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11
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Lee JH, Hou X, Kummari E, Borazjani A, Edelmann MJ, Ross MK. Endocannabinoid hydrolases in avian HD11 macrophages identified by chemoproteomics: inactivation by small-molecule inhibitors and pathogen-induced downregulation of their activity. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 444:125-141. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Long Q, Shen L, Chen R, Huang J, Xiong S, Wang Y. Synthesis and Application of Organic Phosphonate Salts as Draw Solutes in Forward Osmosis for Oil-Water Separation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:12022-12029. [PMID: 27689510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of suitable draw solution in forward osmosis (FO) process has attracted the growing attention for water treatment purpose. In this study, a series of organic phosphonate salts (OPSs) are synthesized by one-step Mannich-like reaction, confirmed by FTIR and NMR characterizations, and applied as novel draw solutes in FO applications. Their solution properties including osmotic pressures and viscosities, as well as their FO performance as a function of the solution concentration are investigated systematically. In FO process, a higher water flux of 47-54 LMH and a negligible reverse solute flux can be achieved in the PRO (AL-DS) mode (active layer faces the draw solution) using a homemade thin-film composite membrane (PSF-TFC) and deionized water as the feed solution. Among all OPS draw solutes, the tetraethylenepentamine heptakis(methylphosphonic) sodium salt (TPHMP-Na) exhibits the best FO flux at 0.5 mol/kg concentration, which is further applied for the separation of emulsified oil-water mixture. The recovery of diluted OPS solutions is carried out via a nanofiltration (NF) system with a rejection above 92%. The aforementioned features show the great potential of OPS compounds as a novel class of draw solutes for FO applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwu Long
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University , Zhanjiang 524048, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Rongbiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Shu Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology , Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
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13
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Lipases and their inhibitors in health and disease. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 259:211-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Roberts AM, Ward CC, Nomura DK. Activity-based protein profiling for mapping and pharmacologically interrogating proteome-wide ligandable hotspots. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 43:25-33. [PMID: 27568596 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the completion of human genome sequencing efforts nearly 15 years ago that brought with it the promise of genome-based discoveries that would cure human diseases, most protein targets that control human diseases have remained largely untranslated, in-part because they represent difficult protein targets to drug. In addition, many of these protein targets lack screening assays or accessible binding pockets, making the development of small-molecule modulators very challenging. Here, we discuss modern methods for activity-based protein profiling-based chemoproteomic strategies to map 'ligandable' hotspots in proteomes using activity and reactivity-based chemical probes to allow for pharmacological interrogation of these previously difficult targets. We will showcase several recent examples of how these technologies have been used to develop highly selective small-molecule inhibitors against disease-related protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Roberts
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Carl C Ward
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, and Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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15
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Medina-Cleghorn D, Bateman LA, Ford B, Heslin A, Fisher KJ, Dalvie ED, Nomura DK. Mapping Proteome-Wide Targets of Environmental Chemicals Using Reactivity-Based Chemoproteomic Platforms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 22:1394-405. [PMID: 26496688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We are exposed to a growing number of chemicals in our environment, most of which have not been characterized in terms of their toxicological potential or mechanisms. Here, we employ a chemoproteomic platform to map the cysteine reactivity of environmental chemicals using reactivity-based probes to mine for hyper-reactive hotspots across the proteome. We show that environmental contaminants such as monomethylarsonous acid and widely used pesticides such as chlorothalonil and chloropicrin possess common reactivity with a distinct set of proteins. Many of these proteins are involved in key metabolic processes, suggesting that these targets may be particularly sensitive to environmental electrophiles. We show that the widely used fungicide chlorothalonil specifically inhibits several metabolic enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and energetics, leading to dysregulated lipid metabolism in mice. Our results underscore the utility of using reactivity-based chemoproteomic platforms to uncover novel mechanistic insights into the toxicity of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Medina-Cleghorn
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Leslie A Bateman
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Breanna Ford
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ann Heslin
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Karl J Fisher
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Esha D Dalvie
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Daniel K Nomura
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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16
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Deng Y, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Zhao Y, Ren H. Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by the chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl metabolite, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, in orally exposed mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:507-514. [PMID: 26674679 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
3,5,6-Trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) is a primary degradation product of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl. TCP has longer half-life in soil and greater solubility in water than its parent compound, and cause wide contamination in environments. However, studies about the toxic effects of TCP are limited and outdate. In this study, 5 mg/kg/day, 50 mg/kg/day, and 150 mg/kg/day TCP were given to male mice through gavage for four weeks. As a result, the final body weights of TCP treated groups were significantly lower than control, and the relative organ weights of the liver and kidney were significantly higher than that of control. In addition, NMR-based metabolomics was used to investigate the toxic effects of TCP. It was found that a total of 39 serum metabolites were significantly changed in the TCP-treated groups, and these metabolites are related to hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. These results were also confirmed by histopathology, serum biochemical, and oxidative stress analysis. In addition, metabolic disturbances due to TCP exposure were also observed based on altered metabolites. As far as we know, these results are the first to show the metabolomic toxicity of TCP, which warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Yifeng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yanping Zhao
- School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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17
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Mapping proteome-wide interactions of reactive chemicals using chemoproteomic platforms. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2015; 30:68-76. [PMID: 26647369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A large number of pharmaceuticals, endogenous metabolites, and environmental chemicals act through covalent mechanisms with protein targets. Yet, their specific interactions with the proteome still remain poorly defined for most of these reactive chemicals. Deciphering direct protein targets of reactive small-molecules is critical in understanding their biological action, off-target effects, potential toxicological liabilities, and development of safer and more selective agents. Chemoproteomic technologies have arisen as a powerful strategy that enable the assessment of proteome-wide interactions of these irreversible agents directly in complex biological systems. We review here several chemoproteomic strategies that have facilitated our understanding of specific protein interactions of irreversibly-acting pharmaceuticals, endogenous metabolites, and environmental electrophiles to reveal novel pharmacological, biological, and toxicological mechanisms.
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18
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Braconi D, Bernardini G, Santucci A. Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model in ecotoxicological studies: A post-genomics perspective. J Proteomics 2015; 137:19-34. [PMID: 26365628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae represents a well-consolidated and widely used eukaryotic model, with a number of features that make it an ideal organism to carry out functional toxicological studies. Several advantages are permitted by the use of yeast cells, as the possibility to identify molecular biomarkers, unknown mechanisms of action and novel potential targets. Thanks to the evolutionary conservation, yeast can provide also useful clues allowing the prioritization of more complex analyses and toxicity predictions in higher eukaryotes. The last two decades were incredibly fruitful for yeast "omics", but referring to the analysis of the effects of pesticides on yeast much still remains to be done. Furthermore, a deeper knowledge of the effects of environmental pollutants on biotechnological processes associated with the use of yeasts is to be hoped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Braconi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, via A. Moro 2, Università degli Studi di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, via A. Moro 2, Università degli Studi di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Santucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, via A. Moro 2, Università degli Studi di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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19
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Kohnz RA, Mulvihill MM, Chang JW, Hsu KL, Sorrentino A, Cravatt BF, Bandyopadhyay S, Goga A, Nomura DK. Activity-Based Protein Profiling of Oncogene-Driven Changes in Metabolism Reveals Broad Dysregulation of PAFAH1B2 and 1B3 in Cancer. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1624-30. [PMID: 25945974 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Targeting dysregulated metabolic pathways is a promising therapeutic strategy for eradicating cancer. Understanding how frequently altered oncogenes regulate metabolic enzyme targets would be useful in identifying both broad-spectrum and targeted metabolic therapies for cancer. Here, we used activity-based protein profiling to identify serine hydrolase activities that were consistently upregulated by various human oncogenes. Through this profiling effort, we found oncogenic regulatory mechanisms for several cancer-relevant serine hydrolases and discovered that platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase 1B2 and 1B3 (PAFAH1B2 and PAFAH1B3) activities were consistently upregulated by several oncogenes, alongside previously discovered cancer-relevant hydrolases fatty acid synthase and monoacylglycerol lipase. While we previously showed that PAFAH1B2 and 1B3 were important in breast cancer, our most recent profiling studies have revealed that these enzymes may be dysregulated broadly across many types of cancers. Here, we find that pharmacological blockade of both enzymes impairs cancer pathogenicity across multiple different types of cancer cells, including breast, ovarian, melanoma, and prostate cancer. We also show that pharmacological blockade of PAFAH1B2 and 1B3 causes unique changes in lipid metabolism, including heightened levels of tumor-suppressing lipids. Our results reveal oncogenic regulatory mechanisms of several cancer-relevant serine hydrolases using activity-based protein profiling, and we show that PAFAH1B2 and 1B3 are important in maintaining cancer pathogenicity across a wide spectrum of cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Kohnz
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Melinda M. Mulvihill
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jae Won Chang
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd. SR107, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ku-Lung Hsu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road,
P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | | | - Benjamin F. Cravatt
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd. SR107, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | | | - Andrei Goga
- University of California, San Francisco Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Box 0128, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Daniel K. Nomura
- Program in Metabolic Biology, Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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20
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Morris PJ, Medina-Cleghorn D, Heslin A, King SM, Orr J, Mulvihill MM, Krauss RM, Nomura DK. Organophosphorus flame retardants inhibit specific liver carboxylesterases and cause serum hypertriglyceridemia. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:1097-103. [PMID: 24597639 PMCID: PMC4027947 DOI: 10.1021/cb500014r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Humans are prevalently exposed to organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) contained in consumer products and electronics, though their toxicological effects and mechanisms remain poorly understood. We show here that OPFRs inhibit specific liver carboxylesterases (Ces) and cause altered hepatic lipid metabolism. Ablation of the OPFR target Ces1g has been previously linked to dyslipidemia in mice. Consistent with OPFR inhibition of Ces1g, we also observe OPFR-induced serum hypertriglyceridemia in mice. Our findings suggest novel toxicities that may arise from OPFR exposure and highlight the utility of chemoproteomic and metabolomic platforms in the toxicological characterization of environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Morris
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel Medina-Cleghorn
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ann Heslin
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sarah M. King
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, California 94609, United States
| | - Joseph Orr
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, California 94609, United States
| | - Melinda M. Mulvihill
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ronald M. Krauss
- Children’s Hospital Oakland Research Institute, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr. Way, Oakland, California 94609, United States
| | - Daniel K. Nomura
- Department
of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, 127 Morgan Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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