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Jiang H, Cao Z, Liu Y, Liu R, Zhou Y, Liu J. Bacteria-Based Living Probes: Preparation and the Applications in Bioimaging and Diagnosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306480. [PMID: 38032119 PMCID: PMC10811517 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria can colonize a variety of in vivo biointerfaces, particularly the skin, nasal, and oral mucosa, the gastrointestinal tract, and the reproductive tract, but also target specific lesion sites, such as tumor and wound. By virtue of their prominent characteristics in motility, editability, and targeting ability, bacteria carrying imageable agents are widely developed as living probes for bioimaging and diagnosis of different diseases. This review first introduces the strategies used for preparing bacteria-based living probes, including biological engineering, chemical modification, intracellular loading, and optical manipulation. It then summarizes the recent progress of these living probes for fluorescence imaging, near-infrared imaging, ultrasonic imaging, photoacoustic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography imaging. The biomedical applications of bacteria-based living probes are also reviewed particularly in the bioimaging and diagnosis of bacterial infections, cancers, and intestine-associated diseases. In addition, the advantages and challenges of bacteria-based living probes are discussed and future perspectives are also proposed. This review provides an updated overview of bacteria-based living probes, highlighting their great potential as a unique yet versatile platform for developing next-generation imageable agents for intelligent bioimaging, diagnosis, and even therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejin Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Zhenping Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Ying Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Rui Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of RadiologyRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineInstitute of Molecular MedicineState Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for CancerRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
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2
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Xie X, Liu W, Zhu W, Zhang G, Dai Y, Wu J, Nie H, Lei L. A cell penetrating peptide‐modified magnetic/fluorescent probe for in vivo tracking of mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2022; 110:1881-1891. [PMID: 35852385 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xie
- Department of Orthodontics Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University Changsha China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Biology, Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Wanzong Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Biology, Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Gongyuan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Biology, Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Yiyao Dai
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Biology, Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Jiumei Wu
- Department of Orthodontics Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University Changsha China
| | - Hemin Nie
- Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Biology, Hunan University Changsha China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Orthodontics Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University Changsha China
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3
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Markicevic M, Savvateev I, Grimm C, Zerbi V. Emerging imaging methods to study whole-brain function in rodent models. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:457. [PMID: 34482367 PMCID: PMC8418612 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01575-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the idea that single populations of neurons support cognition and behavior has gradually given way to the realization that connectivity matters and that complex behavior results from interactions between remote yet anatomically connected areas that form specialized networks. In parallel, innovation in brain imaging techniques has led to the availability of a broad set of imaging tools to characterize the functional organization of complex networks. However, each of these tools poses significant technical challenges and faces limitations, which require careful consideration of their underlying anatomical, physiological, and physical specificity. In this review, we focus on emerging methods for measuring spontaneous or evoked activity in the brain. We discuss methods that can measure large-scale brain activity (directly or indirectly) with a relatively high temporal resolution, from milliseconds to seconds. We further focus on methods designed for studying the mammalian brain in preclinical models, specifically in mice and rats. This field has seen a great deal of innovation in recent years, facilitated by concomitant innovation in gene-editing techniques and the possibility of more invasive recordings. This review aims to give an overview of currently available preclinical imaging methods and an outlook on future developments. This information is suitable for educational purposes and for assisting scientists in choosing the appropriate method for their own research question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Markicevic
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Iurii Savvateev
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Decision Neuroscience Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Grimm
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Valerio Zerbi
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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4
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Hishikawa Y, Maity B, Ito N, Abe S, Lu D, Ueno T. Design of Multinuclear Gold Binding Site at the Two-fold Symmetric Interface of the Ferritin Cage. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hishikawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100-084, P. R. China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B55 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Basudev Maity
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B55 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nozomi Ito
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B55 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Abe
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B55 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Diannan Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100-084, P. R. China
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B55 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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5
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Rapid chemical clearing of white matter in the post-mortem human brain by 1,2-hexanediol delipidation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1886-1890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Hyodo F, Sho T, Maity B, Fujita K, Tachibana Y, Akashi S, Mano M, Hishikawa Y, Matsuo M, Ueno T. Photoinduced in Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with Rapid CO Release from an MnCO‐Protein Needle Composite. Chemistry 2018; 24:11578-11583. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Hyodo
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox NavigationKyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
- Department of radiologySchool of MedicineGifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1194 Japan
| | - Takeya Sho
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology B55-4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Basudev Maity
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology B55-4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Kenta Fujita
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology B55-4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Yoko Tachibana
- Innovation Center for Medical Redox NavigationKyushu University 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Satoko Akashi
- Graduate School of Medical Life ScienceYokohama City University 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
| | - Megumi Mano
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology B55-4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Yuki Hishikawa
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology B55-4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
| | - Masayuki Matsuo
- Department of radiologySchool of MedicineGifu University 1-1 Yanagido Gifu 501-1194 Japan
| | - Takafumi Ueno
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology B55-4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8501 Japan
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Ghosh S, Harvey P, Simon JC, Jasanoff A. Probing the brain with molecular fMRI. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 50:201-210. [PMID: 29649765 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the greatest challenges of modern neuroscience is to incorporate our growing knowledge of molecular and cellular-scale physiology into integrated, organismic-scale models of brain function in behavior and cognition. Molecular-level functional magnetic resonance imaging (molecular fMRI) is a new technology that can help bridge these scales by mapping defined microscopic phenomena over large, optically inaccessible regions of the living brain. In this review, we explain how MRI-detectable imaging probes can be used to sensitize noninvasive imaging to mechanistically significant components of neural processing. We discuss how a combination of innovative probe design, advanced imaging methods, and strategies for brain delivery can make molecular fMRI an increasingly successful approach for spatiotemporally resolved studies of diverse neural phenomena, perhaps eventually in people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souparno Ghosh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Peter Harvey
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Jacob C Simon
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Alan Jasanoff
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; Department of Nuclear Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
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8
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Rivnay J, Wang H, Fenno L, Deisseroth K, Malliaras GG. Next-generation probes, particles, and proteins for neural interfacing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601649. [PMID: 28630894 PMCID: PMC5466371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Bidirectional interfacing with the nervous system enables neuroscience research, diagnosis, and therapy. This two-way communication allows us to monitor the state of the brain and its composite networks and cells as well as to influence them to treat disease or repair/restore sensory or motor function. To provide the most stable and effective interface, the tools of the trade must bridge the soft, ion-rich, and evolving nature of neural tissue with the largely rigid, static realm of microelectronics and medical instruments that allow for readout, analysis, and/or control. In this Review, we describe how the understanding of neural signaling and material-tissue interactions has fueled the expansion of the available tool set. New probe architectures and materials, nanoparticles, dyes, and designer genetically encoded proteins push the limits of recording and stimulation lifetime, localization, and specificity, blurring the boundary between living tissue and engineered tools. Understanding these approaches, their modality, and the role of cross-disciplinary development will support new neurotherapies and prostheses and provide neuroscientists and neurologists with unprecedented access to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Rivnay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Palo Alto Research Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Departments of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lief Fenno
- Departments of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Departments of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - George G. Malliaras
- Department of Bioelectronics, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines, CMP-EMSE, MOC, Gardanne 13541, France
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9
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Trabulo S, Aires A, Aicher A, Heeschen C, Cortajarena AL. Multifunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles for selective targeting of pancreatic cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1597-1605. [PMID: 28161480 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine nowadays offers novel solutions in cancer therapy by introducing multimodal treatments in one single formulation. In addition, nanoparticles act as nanocarriers changing the solubility, biodistribution and efficiency of the therapeutic molecules, thus generating more efficient treatments and reducing their side effects. To apply these novel therapeutic approaches, efforts are focused on the multi-functionalization of the nanoparticles and will open up new avenues to advanced combinational therapies. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a cancer with unmet medical needs. Abundant expression of the anti-phagocytosis signal CD47 has also been observed on pancreatic cancer cells, in particular a subset of cancer stem cells (CSCs) responsible for resistance to standard therapy and metastatic potential. CD47 receptor is found on pancreatic cancer and highly expressed on CSCs, but not on normal pancreas. Inhibiting CD47 using monoclonal antibodies has been shown as an effective strategy to treat PDAC in vivo. However, CD47 inhibition effectively slowed tumor growth only in combination with Gemcitabine or Abraxane. In this work, we present the generation of multifunctionalized iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) that include the anti-CD47 antibody and the chemotherapeutic drug Gemcitabine in a single formulation. We demonstrate the in vitro efficacy of the formulation against CD47-positive pancreatic cancer cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Recent Advances in Bionanomaterials" Guest Editor: Dr. Marie-Louise Saboungi and Dr. Samuel D. Bader.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Trabulo
- Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Antonio Aires
- CIC BiomaGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain; IMDEA Nanociencia and Nanobiotechnology Unit associated to Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Alexandra Aicher
- Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Stem Cells & Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Aitziber L Cortajarena
- CIC BiomaGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Paseo Miramón 182, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain; IMDEA Nanociencia and Nanobiotechnology Unit associated to Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Universitario de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Mª Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
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10
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Kuda-Wedagedara ANW, Allen MJ. Enhancing magnetic resonance imaging with contrast agents for ultra-high field strengths. Analyst 2015; 139:4401-10. [PMID: 25054827 DOI: 10.1039/c4an00990h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Contrast agents are diagnostic tools that often complement magnetic resonance imaging. At ultra-high field strengths (≥7 T), magnetic resonance imaging is capable of generating desirable high signal-to-noise ratios, but clinically available contrast agents are less effective at ultra-high field strengths relative to lower fields. This gap in effectiveness demands the development of contrast agents for ultra-high field strengths. In this minireview, we summarize contrast agents reported during the last three years that focused on ultra-high field strengths.
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11
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Valero E, Fiorini S, Tambalo S, Busquier H, Callejas-Fernández J, Marzola P, Gálvez N, Domínguez-Vera JM. In Vivo Long-Term Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activity of Ferritin-Based Magnetic Nanoparticles versus a Standard Contrast Agent. J Med Chem 2014; 57:5686-92. [DOI: 10.1021/jm5004446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Fiorini
- Dipartimento
di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona I-37134, Italy
| | - Stefano Tambalo
- Dipartimento
di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona I-37134, Italy
| | - Heriberto Busquier
- Sección
de Neurorradiología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain
| | | | - Pasquina Marzola
- Dipartimento
di Informatica, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona I-37134, Italy
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12
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Westmeyer GG, Emer Y, Lintelmann J, Jasanoff A. MRI-based detection of alkaline phosphatase gene reporter activity using a porphyrin solubility switch. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:422-9. [PMID: 24613020 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The ability to map patterns of gene expression noninvasively in living animals could have impact in many areas of biology. Reporter systems compatible with MRI could be particularly valuable, but existing strategies tend to lack sensitivity or specificity. Here we address the challenge of MRI-based gene mapping using the reporter enzyme secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP), in conjunction with a water-soluble metalloporphyrin contrast agent. SEAP cleaves the porphyrin into an insoluble product that accumulates at sites of enzyme expression and can be visualized by MRI and optical absorbance. The contrast mechanism functions in vitro, in brain slices, and in animals. The system also provides the possibility of readout both in the living animal and by postmortem histology, and it notably does not require intracellular delivery of the contrast agent. The solubility switch mechanism used to detect SEAP could be adapted for imaging of additional reporter enzymes or endogenous targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil G Westmeyer
- Departments of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Biological Engineering, and Nuclear Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany; Institutes of Biological and Medical Imaging and Developmental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Yelena Emer
- Departments of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Biological Engineering, and Nuclear Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jutta Lintelmann
- Comprehensive Molecular Analytics Cooperation Group, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich/Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alan Jasanoff
- Departments of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, Biological Engineering, and Nuclear Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Room 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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13
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Marblestone AH, Zamft BM, Maguire YG, Shapiro MG, Cybulski TR, Glaser JI, Amodei D, Stranges PB, Kalhor R, Dalrymple DA, Seo D, Alon E, Maharbiz MM, Carmena JM, Rabaey JM, Boyden ES, Church GM, Kording KP. Physical principles for scalable neural recording. Front Comput Neurosci 2013; 7:137. [PMID: 24187539 PMCID: PMC3807567 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2013.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneously measuring the activities of all neurons in a mammalian brain at millisecond resolution is a challenge beyond the limits of existing techniques in neuroscience. Entirely new approaches may be required, motivating an analysis of the fundamental physical constraints on the problem. We outline the physical principles governing brain activity mapping using optical, electrical, magnetic resonance, and molecular modalities of neural recording. Focusing on the mouse brain, we analyze the scalability of each method, concentrating on the limitations imposed by spatiotemporal resolution, energy dissipation, and volume displacement. Based on this analysis, all existing approaches require orders of magnitude improvement in key parameters. Electrical recording is limited by the low multiplexing capacity of electrodes and their lack of intrinsic spatial resolution, optical methods are constrained by the scattering of visible light in brain tissue, magnetic resonance is hindered by the diffusion and relaxation timescales of water protons, and the implementation of molecular recording is complicated by the stochastic kinetics of enzymes. Understanding the physical limits of brain activity mapping may provide insight into opportunities for novel solutions. For example, unconventional methods for delivering electrodes may enable unprecedented numbers of recording sites, embedded optical devices could allow optical detectors to be placed within a few scattering lengths of the measured neurons, and new classes of molecularly engineered sensors might obviate cumbersome hardware architectures. We also study the physics of powering and communicating with microscale devices embedded in brain tissue and find that, while radio-frequency electromagnetic data transmission suffers from a severe power-bandwidth tradeoff, communication via infrared light or ultrasound may allow high data rates due to the possibility of spatial multiplexing. The use of embedded local recording and wireless data transmission would only be viable, however, given major improvements to the power efficiency of microelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H. Marblestone
- Biophysics Program, Harvard UniversityBoston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard UniversityBoston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yael G. Maguire
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
- Plum Labs LLCCambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mikhail G. Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of TechnologyPasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - Joshua I. Glaser
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Northwestern UniversityChicago, IL, USA
| | - Dario Amodei
- Department of Radiology, Stanford UniversityPalo Alto, CA, USA
| | | | - Reza Kalhor
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - David A. Dalrymple
- Biophysics Program, Harvard UniversityBoston, MA, USA
- NemaloadSan Francisco, CA, USA
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dongjin Seo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
| | - Elad Alon
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
| | - Michel M. Maharbiz
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jose M. Carmena
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jan M. Rabaey
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California at BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, USA
| | - Edward S. Boyden
- Media Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
- Departments of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
| | - George M. Church
- Biophysics Program, Harvard UniversityBoston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard UniversityBoston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA, USA
| | - Konrad P. Kording
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and of Physiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicago, IL, USA
- Sensory Motor Performance Program, The Rehabilitation Institute of ChicagoChicago, IL, USA
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14
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Matsumoto Y, Jasanoff A. Metalloprotein-based MRI probes. FEBS Lett 2013; 587:1021-9. [PMID: 23376346 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Metalloproteins have long been recognized as key determinants of endogenous contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of biological subjects. More recently, both natural and engineered metalloproteins have been harnessed as biotechnological tools to probe gene expression, enzyme activity, and analyte concentrations by MRI. Metalloprotein MRI probes are paramagnetic and function by analogous mechanisms to conventional gadolinium or iron oxide-based MRI contrast agents. Compared with synthetic agents, metalloproteins typically offer worse sensitivity, but the possibilities of using protein engineering and targeted gene expression approaches in conjunction with metalloprotein contrast agents are powerful and sometimes definitive strengths. This review summarizes theoretical and practical aspects of metalloprotein-based contrast agents, and discusses progress in the exploitation of these proteins for molecular imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Matsumoto
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Rm. 16-561, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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