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Dortaj H, Amani AM, Tayebi L, Azarpira N, Ghasemi Toudeshkchouei M, Hassanpour-Dehnavi A, Karami N, Abbasi M, Najafian-Najafabadi A, Zarei Behjani Z, Vaez A. Droplet-based microfluidics: an efficient high-throughput portable system for cell encapsulation. J Microencapsul 2024; 41:479-501. [PMID: 39077800 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2382744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
One of the goals of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is restoring primary living tissue function by manufacturing a 3D microenvironment. One of the main challenges is protecting implanted non-autologous cells or tissues from the host immune system. Cell encapsulation has emerged as a promising technique for this purpose. It involves entrapping cells in biocompatible and semi-permeable microcarriers made from natural or synthetic polymers that regulate the release of cellular secretions. In recent years, droplet-based microfluidic systems have emerged as powerful tools for cell encapsulation in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These systems offer precise control over droplet size, composition, and functionality, allowing for creating of microenvironments that closely mimic native tissue. Droplet-based microfluidic systems have extensive applications in biotechnology, medical diagnosis, and drug discovery. This review summarises the recent developments in droplet-based microfluidic systems and cell encapsulation techniques, as well as their applications, advantages, and challenges in biology and medicine. The integration of these technologies has the potential to revolutionise tissue engineering and regenerative medicine by providing a precise and controlled microenvironment for cell growth and differentiation. By overcoming the immune system's challenges and enabling the release of cellular secretions, these technologies hold great promise for the future of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Dortaj
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Amani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Lobat Tayebi
- Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Ashraf Hassanpour-Dehnavi
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Neda Karami
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Abbasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Atefeh Najafian-Najafabadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zarei Behjani
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Vaez
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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Kaushal A, Gendelman O, Shoval S, Kuroiwa K, Oaki Y, Fujii S, Bormashenko E. Motion and Orientation of Janus Spherical Particles at a Liquid-Air Interface Governed by the Moses Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:17835-17842. [PMID: 39105726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the motion of spherical polystyrene/polypyrrole-coated polystyrene Janus particles placed at an air/saline interface and driven by a permanent magnetic field of ca. 0.5 T. For the sake of comparison, the motion of pure floating polystyrene particles was studied. Both kinds of the studied particles moved toward the magnet and stopped at the boundary of the near-surface well produced by the magnetic field. The Moses effect-driven motion of floating Janus particles was analyzed and investigated under different strengths of the magnetic field and salt concentrations. The study of the Janus particle displacement led to the development of a unified theoretical framework explaining the mechanism of the motion. This framework predicts that the motion of particles placed at an air-salt solution interface is not only dictated by magnetic energy but also intricately influenced by the interplay of factors, including the curvature of the interface caused by the static magnetic field, gravitational potential, and capillary forces. The orientation of the particles was observed. A qualitative explanation of the observed phenomena is suggested. The investigated process has potential for the self-assembly of particles placed at the liquid/air interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kaushal
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
| | - Oleg Gendelman
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Shraga Shoval
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Faculty of Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
| | - Kazuma Kuroiwa
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Environmental and Biomedical Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Syuji Fujii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1, Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Edward Bormashenko
- Engineering Faculty, Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
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Duszczak-Kaczmarek J, Mituła-Chmielowiec K, Rzonsowska M, Jankowski W, Hoffmann M, Walkowiak J, Dudziec B. Preparation of T 8 and double-decker silsesquioxane-based Janus-type molecules: molecular modeling and DFT insights. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18527. [PMID: 39122897 PMCID: PMC11316061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69481-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a methodology for the synthesis of inorganic-organic Janus-type molecules based on mono-T8 and difunctionalized double-decker silsesquioxanes (DDSQs) via hydrosilylation reactions, achieving exceptionally high yields and selectivities. The synthesized compounds were extensively characterized using various spectroscopic techniques, and their sizes and spatial arrangements were predicted through molecular modelling and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quantum chemical calculations were employed to examine the interactions among four molecules of the synthesized compounds. These computational results allowed us to determine the propensity for molecular aggregation, identify the functional groups involved in these interactions, and understand the changes in interatomic distances during aggregation. Understanding the aggregation behaviour of silsesquioxane molecules is crucial for tailoring their properties for specific applications, such as nanocomposites, surface coatings, drug delivery systems, and catalysts. Through a combination of experimental and computational approaches, this study provides valuable insights into the design and optimization of silsesquioxane-based Janus-type molecules for enhanced performance across various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Duszczak-Kaczmarek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mituła-Chmielowiec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Rzonsowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Jankowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Hoffmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Dudziec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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Wang K, Davies-Jones J, Graf A, Carravetta M, Davies PR, Pera-Titus M. Amphiphilic Janus Particles for Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation in Oil Foams. ACS Catal 2024; 14:11545-11553. [PMID: 39114089 PMCID: PMC11301628 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c00909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Amphiphilic Janus silica particles, tunable with oleophobic-oleophilic properties and low fluorine content (8 wt % F), exhibited prominent foamability for a variety of aromatic alcohols at low particle concentrations (<1 wt %) compared to randomly functionalized silica particles. When selectively loaded with Pd nanoparticles on the oleophilic hemisphere, the particles displayed more than a 2-fold increase in catalytic activity for the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol compared to nonfoam bulk catalysis under ambient O2 pressure. The particles were conveniently recycled with high foamability and catalytic activity maintained for at least five consecutive runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Josh Davies-Jones
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Arthur Graf
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Marina Carravetta
- School
of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Philip R. Davies
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
| | - Marc Pera-Titus
- Cardiff
Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
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Fan X, Wang X, Ye Y, Ye Y, Su Y, Zhang Y, Wang C. Printing 3D Metallic Structures in Porous Matrix. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2312071. [PMID: 38446075 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of metallic micro/nanostructures has great potential for advancing optoelectronic microdevices. Over the past decade, femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) technology has played a crucial role in driving progress in this field. In this study, silica gel glass is used as a supporting medium, and FsLDW is employed to reduce gold and palladium ions using 7-Diethylamino-3-thenoylcoumarin (DETC) as a two-photon sensitizer, enabling the printing of conductive multilayered and 3D metallic structures. How the pore size of the silica gel glass affects the electrical conductivity of printed metal wires is systematically examined. This 3D printing method is versatile and offers expanded opportunities for applying metallic micro/nanostructures in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuanxiang Ye
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ying Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuming Su
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Suzhou, 215127, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, 361005, China
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Li Z, Zhang JH, Li J, Wang S, Zhang L, He CY, Lin P, Melhi S, Yang T, Yamauchi Y, Xu X. Dynamical Janus-Like Behavior Excited by Passive Cold-Heat Modulation in the Earth-Sun/Universe System: Opportunities and Challenges. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2309397. [PMID: 38644343 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of solar-thermal energy and universal cold energy has led to many innovative designs that achieve effective temperature regulation in different application scenarios. Numerous studies on passive solar heating and radiation cooling often operate independently (or actively control the conversion) and lack a cohesive framework for deep connections. This work provides a concise overview of the recent breakthroughs in solar heating and radiation cooling by employing a mechanism material in the application model. Furthermore, the utilization of dynamic Janus-like behavior serves as a novel nexus to elucidate the relationship between solar heating and radiation cooling, allowing for the analysis of dynamic conversion strategies across various applications. Additionally, special discussions are provided to address specific requirements in diverse applications, such as optimizing light transmission for clothing or window glass. Finally, the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of solar heating and radiation cooling applications are underscored, which hold immense potential for substantial carbon emission reduction and environmental preservation. This work aims to ignite interest and lay a solid foundation for researchers to conduct in-depth studies on effective and self-adaptive regulation of cooling and heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Jia-Han Zhang
- School of Electronic Information Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jiaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Song Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Lvfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Cheng-Yu He
- Laboratory of Clean Energy Chemistry and Materials, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Peng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Saad Melhi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bisha, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Xingtao Xu
- Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
- Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
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7
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Wang H, Wang S, Mu Y, Cheng Y. Janus droplet microreactors for preparing polyaniline/AgCl nanocomposites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8079-8082. [PMID: 38990216 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01321b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
We report a novel method to conduct heterogeneous reactions using aqueous-ionic liquid Janus microdroplets as a series of isolated bi-phasic microreactors where AgCl@polyaniline core-shell nanoparticles are successfully synthesized accompanied by polyaniline nano-needles, and enhanced visualization of reaction progression through the color changes in Janus droplets is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Shiteng Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Yao Mu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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Marqués MI, Edelstein S, Serena PA, de Larrinzar BCL, Garcia-Martín A. Magneto-optical Particles in Isotropic Spinning Fields Mimic Magnetic Monopoles. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:046901. [PMID: 39121417 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.046901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024]
Abstract
In contrast with the typical electric currents accelerated under the influence of a Coulombic force, there are only a few condensed matter examples of particles experiencing a force proportional to a constant, external magnetic field. In this Letter, we present a new alternative, based on an isotropic radiation spinning field and the magneto-optical effect, in which a particle is propelled by a magnetic field just like a magnetic monopole will do. This is a purely nonreciprocal effect as the reciprocal equivalent (a chiral dipole), despite presenting a dichroic response, does not experience any force when illuminated by the spinning field. The "magnetic charge" induced by impinging radiation on the magneto-optical dipole is found to depend linearly on the helicity of the field. In addition, this artificial monopole experiences a dichroic permanent optical torque and does not interact with an external electric field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel I Marqués
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; and Instituto Nicolás Cabrera (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Zhao Z, Liu M, Duan L, Lin R, Wang L, Zhang P, Li J, Ma B, Yang Y, Bu F, Wang R, Zhou W, Chao D, Zhao Y, Yin S, Tang L, Zhang W, Li X, Zhao D. Ultrafine Asymmetric Soft/Stiff Nanohybrids with Tunable Patchiness via a Dynamic Surface-Mediated Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39025826 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Asymmetric soft-stiff patch nanohybrids with small size, spatially separated organics and inorganics, controllable configuration, and appealing functionality are important in applications, while the synthesis remains a great challenge. Herein, based on polymeric single micelles (the smallest assembly subunit of mesoporous materials), we report a dynamic surface-mediated anisotropic assembly approach to fabricate a new type of small asymmetric organic/inorganic patch nanohybrid for the first time. The size of this asymmetric organic/inorganic nanohybrid is ∼20 nm, which contains dual distinct subunits of a soft organic PS-PVP-PEO single micelle nanosphere (12 nm in size and 632 MPa in Young' modulus) and stiff inorganic SiO2 nanobulge (∼8 nm, 2275 MPa). Moreover, the number of SiO2 nanobulges anchored on each micelle can be quantitatively controlled (from 1 to 6) by dynamically tuning the density (fluffy or dense state) of the surface cap organic groups. This small asymmetric patch nanohybrid also exhibits a dramatically enhanced uptake level of which the total amount of intracellular endocytosis is about three times higher than that of the conventional nanohybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiwang Zhao
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
| | - Mengli Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Linlin Duan
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Runfeng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Bing Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
| | - Fanxing Bu
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ruicong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wanhai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Dongliang Chao
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yujuan Zhao
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
| | - Sixing Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
| | - Weian Zhang
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- College of Energy Materials and Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010070, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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10
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MacKenzie HK, Zhang Y, Zheng W, Shaikh H, MacFarlane LR, Musgrave RA, Manners I. Functional Noncentrosymmetric Nanoparticle-Nanofiber Hybrids via Selective Fragmentation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:18504-18512. [PMID: 38946087 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Noncentrosymmetric nanostructures are an attractive synthetic target as they can exhibit complex interparticle interactions useful for numerous applications. However, generating uniform, colloidally stable, noncentrosymmetric nanoparticles with low aspect ratios is a significant challenge using solution self-assembly approaches. Herein, we outline the synthesis of noncentrosymmetric multiblock co-nanofibers by subsequent living crystallization-driven self-assembly of block co-polymers, spatially confined attachment of nanoparticles, and localized nanofiber fragmentation. Using this strategy, we have fabricated uniform diblock and triblock noncentrosymmetric π-conjugated nanofiber-nanoparticle hybrid structures. Additionally, in contrast to Brownian motion typical of centrosymmetric nanoparticles, we demonstrated that these noncentrosymmetric nanofibers undergo ballistic motion in the presence of H2O2 and thus could be employed as nanomotors in various applications, including drug delivery and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey K MacKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan, School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, P. R. China
| | - Weijia Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Huda Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Liam R MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Rebecca A Musgrave
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 3V6, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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11
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King EM, Du CX, Zhu QZ, Schoenholz SS, Brenner MP. Programming patchy particles for materials assembly design. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311891121. [PMID: 38913891 PMCID: PMC11228463 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311891121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Direct design of complex functional materials would revolutionize technologies ranging from printable organs to novel clean energy devices. However, even incremental steps toward designing functional materials have proven challenging. If the material is constructed from highly complex components, the design space of materials properties rapidly becomes too computationally expensive to search. On the other hand, very simple components such as uniform spherical particles are not powerful enough to capture rich functional behavior. Here, we introduce a differentiable materials design model with components that are simple enough to design yet powerful enough to capture complex materials properties: rigid bodies composed of spherical particles with directional interactions (patchy particles). We showcase the method with self-assembly designs ranging from open lattices to self-limiting clusters, all of which are notoriously challenging design goals to achieve using purely isotropic particles. By directly optimizing over the location and interaction of the patches on patchy particles using gradient descent, we dramatically reduce the computation time for finding the optimal building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella M King
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Chrisy Xiyu Du
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822
| | - Qian-Ze Zhu
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | | | - Michael P Brenner
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Google Research, Mountainview, CA 94043
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12
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Trindade AC. Controlled Surface Textures of Elastomeric Polyurethane Janus Particles: A Comprehensive Review. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1835. [PMID: 39000690 PMCID: PMC11244459 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Colloidal particle research has witnessed significant advancements in the past century, resulting in a plethora of studies, novel applications, and beneficial products. This review article presents a cost-effective and low-tech method for producing Janus elastomeric particles of varied geometries, including planar films, spherical particles, and cylindrical fibers, utilizing a single elastomeric material and easily accessible chemicals. Different surface textures are attained through strain application or solvent-induced swelling, featuring well-defined wavelengths ranging from sub-microns to millimeters and offering easy adjustability. Such versatility renders these particles potentially invaluable for medical applications, especially in bacterial adhesion studies. The coexistence of "young" regions (smooth, with a small surface area) and "old" regions (wrinkled, with a large surface area) within the same material opens up avenues for biomimetic materials endowed with additional functionalities; for example, a Janus micromanipulator where micro- or nano-sized objects are grasped and transported by an array of wrinkled particles, facilitating precise release at designated locations through wrinkle pattern adjustments. This article underscores the versatility and potential applications of Janus elastomeric particles while highlighting the intriguing prospects of biomimetic materials with controlled surface textures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Trindade
- CENIMAT|i3N, Department of Materials Science, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Atlântica, Instituto Universitário, Fábrica da Pólvora de Barcarena, 2730-036 Barcarena, Portugal
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13
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Vitecek B, Likos CN, Gârlea IC. Adsorption characteristics of Janus tadpole polymers. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:224902. [PMID: 38856071 DOI: 10.1063/5.0213433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The shape of Janus particles is directly connected to their adsorption behavior. Janus tadpole polymers offer a unique topological architecture that includes competition between entropic, enthalpic, and topological terms in the adsorption free energy; accordingly, non-trivial adsorption behavior patterns are expected. We study the surface adsorption of Janus tadpole polymers by means of Monte Carlo simulations, finding that, depending on which part of the tadpole polymers is preferentially adsorbing on the surface, very different types of behavior for both the adsorbed polymeric phase and of the brush arise. The adsorbed phase and the brush mutually influence each other, leading to a variety of phenomena such as nematic ordering of the adsorbed stiff tadpole tails and intriguing changes in the territoriality of adsorbed ring polymers on the surface. We analyze in detail our findings, revealing the mechanisms behind the organization and ordering, and opening up new possibilities to tune and control the structure of such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Vitecek
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christos N Likos
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ioana C Gârlea
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Melnyk IV, Tomina V, Yankovych H, Kolev H, Dutkova E, Breijaert TC, Kessler VG, Seisenbaeva GA. Insights into emulsion synthesis of self-assembled suprastructures formed by Janus silica particles with -NH 2/-SH surface groups. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3146-3157. [PMID: 38868832 PMCID: PMC11166104 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00909b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Spherical particles with tunable anisotropic structures enabled by multiple surface functionalities have garnered interest for their potential applications in adsorption technologies. The presence of diverse functional groups in the surface layer, exhibiting varying acidity and hydrophilicity, can lead to unique characteristics in terms of surface structure and behaviour. In this study, the particles were synthesised using a two-step approach involving surface functionalisation of previously synthesised SiO2 Stöber particles. This was achieved by employing 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) in a toluene-in-water emulsion. The resulting particles were found to be nonporous, with a specific surface area of 8 m2 g-1. Their sizes were determined to be up to 350 nm through photon cross-correlation spectroscopy. Moreover, the particles exhibited a high net content of functional groups (both amino and mercapto) of 2 mmol g-1. The organisation of the particles during synthesis was observed through SEM images, providing insights into their structural characteristics. Additionally, the study of Eu(iii), Au(iii), and Ag(i) ions and fluorescein adsorption demonstrated varying interactions on the surface, highlighting the potential applications and versatility of these functionalised particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna V Melnyk
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine 17, Generala Naumova Str. Kyiv 03164 Ukraine
- Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences 45, Watsonova Str. Kosice 04001 Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Tomina
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of NAS of Ukraine 17, Generala Naumova Str. Kyiv 03164 Ukraine
| | - Halyna Yankovych
- Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences 45, Watsonova Str. Kosice 04001 Slovak Republic
| | - Hristo Kolev
- Institute of Catalysis, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 11, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | - Erika Dutkova
- Institute of Geotechnics, Slovak Academy of Sciences 45, Watsonova Str. Kosice 04001 Slovak Republic
| | - Troy C Breijaert
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7015, 5, Almas allé Uppsala 75007 Sweden
| | - Vadim G Kessler
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7015, 5, Almas allé Uppsala 75007 Sweden
| | - Gulaim A Seisenbaeva
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Box 7015, 5, Almas allé Uppsala 75007 Sweden
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15
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Wang J, Wang X, Liu W, Hu H. Percolation thresholds of disks with random nonoverlapping patches on four regular two-dimensional lattices. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:064104. [PMID: 39020913 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.064104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In percolation of patchy disks on lattices, each site is occupied by a disk, and neighboring disks are regarded as connected when their patches contact. Clusters of connected disks become larger as the patchy coverage of each disk χ increases. At the percolation threshold χ_{c}, an incipient cluster begins to span the whole lattice. For systems of disks with n symmetric patches on Archimedean lattices, a recent work [Wang et al., Phys. Rev. E 105, 034118 (2022)2470-004510.1103/PhysRevE.105.034118] found symmetric properties of χ_{c}(n), which are due to the coupling of the patches' symmetry and the lattice geometry. How does χ_{c} behave with increasing n if the patches are randomly distributed on the disks? We consider two typical random distributions of the patches, i.e., the equilibrium distribution and a distribution from random sequential adsorption. Combining Monte Carlo simulations and the critical polynomial method, we numerically determine χ_{c} for 106 models of different n on the square, honeycomb, triangular, and kagome lattices. The rules governing χ_{c}(n) are investigated in detail. They are quite different from those for disks with symmetric patches and could be useful for understanding similar systems.
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16
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Yin Q, Liu J, Li Y, Marchesoni F. Diffusion of noiseless active particles in a planar convection array. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:064211. [PMID: 39020987 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.064211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
We investigated, both analytically and numerically, the dynamics of a noiseless overdamped active particle in a square lattice of planar counter-rotating convection rolls. Below a first threshold of the self-propulsion speed, a fraction of the simulated particle's trajectories spatially diffuse around the convection rolls, whereas the remaining trajectories remain trapped inside the injection roll. We detected two chaotic diffusion regimes: (i) below a second, higher threshold of the self-propulsion speed, the particle performs a random motion characterized by asymptotic normal diffusion. Long superdiffusive transients were observed for vanishing small self-propulsion speeds. (ii) above that threshold, the particle follows chaotic running trajectories with speed and orientation close to those of the self-propulsion vector at injection and its dynamics is superdiffusive. Chaotic diffusion disappears in the ballistic limit of extremely large self-propulsion speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianli Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunyun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fabio Marchesoni
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Camerino, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
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17
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Lin G, Tao J, Sun Y, Cui Y, Manners I, Qiu H. Breaking of Lateral Symmetry in Two-Dimensional Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly on a Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14734-14744. [PMID: 38748980 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Symmetry breaking is prevalent in nature and provides distinctive access to hierarchical structures for artificial materials. However, it is rarely explored in two-dimensional (2D) entities, especially for lateral asymmetry. Herein, we describe a unique symmetry breaking process in surface-initiated 2D living crystallization-driven self-assembly. The 2D epitaxial growth occurs only at one lateral side of the immobilized cylindrical micelle seeds, accessing unilateral platelets with the yield increasing with the seed length, the growth temperature, and poly(2-vinylpyridine) corona length (maximum = 92%). Generally, the tilted immobilization of seeds blocks one lateral side and triggers the lateral symmetry breaking, where the intensity and spatial arrangement of seed-surface interactions dictate the regulation. Segmented unilateral platelets with segmented corona regions are further fabricated with the addition of different blended unimers. Remarkably, discrete slope-like and dense blade-like platelet arrays grow off the surface when seeds are compactly aligned either with spherical micelles or themselves. This strategy provides nanoscale insights into the symmetry breaking in long-range self-assembly and would be promising for the design of innovative colloids and smart surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geyu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yan Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P5C2, Canada
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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18
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Cao D, Yan Z, Cui D, Khan MY, Duan S, Xie G, He Z, Xing DY, Wang W. A Conceptual Framework to Understand the Self-Assembly of Chemically Active Colloids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10884-10894. [PMID: 38756056 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Colloids that generate chemicals, or "chemically active colloids", can interact with their neighbors and generate patterns via forces arising from such chemical gradients. Examples of such assemblies of chemically active colloids are abundant in the literature, but a unified theoretical framework is needed to rationalize the scattered results. Combining experiments, theory, Brownian dynamics, and finite element simulations, we present here a conceptual framework for understanding how immotile, yet chemically active, colloids assemble. This framework is based on the principle of ionic diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis and predicts that a chemically active colloid interacts with its neighbors through short- and long-range interactions that can be either repulsive or attractive, depending on the relative diffusivity of the released cations and anions, and the relative zeta potential of a colloidal particle and the planar surface on which it resides. As a result, 4 types of pairwise interactions arise, leading to 4 different types of colloidal assemblies with distinct patterns. Using short-range attraction and long-range attraction (SALR) systems as an example, we show quantitative agreement between the framework and experiments. The framework is then applied to rationalize a wide range of patterns assembled from chemically active colloids in the literature exhibiting other types of pairwise interactions. In addition, the framework can predict what the assembly looks like with minimal experimental information and help infer ionic diffusivity and zeta potential values in systems where these values are inaccessible. Our results represent a solid step toward building a complete theory for understanding and controlling chemically active colloids, from the molecular level to their mesoscopic superstructures and ultimately to the macroscopic properties of the assembled materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhou Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zuyao Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Donghao Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Mohd Yasir Khan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shifang Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Guoqiang Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zikai He
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ding Yu Xing
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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19
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Adersh F, Muhsin M, Sahoo M. Inertial active harmonic particle with memory induced spreading by viscoelastic suspension. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2024; 47:33. [PMID: 38753070 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-024-00424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the self-propulsion of an inertial active particle confined in a two-dimensional harmonic trap. The particle is suspended in a non-Newtonian or viscoelastic suspension with a friction kernel that decays exponentially with a time constant characterizing the memory timescale or transient elasticity of the medium. By solving the associated non-Markovian dynamics, we identify two regimes in parameter space distinguishing the oscillatory and non-oscillatory behavior of the particle motion. By simulating the particle trajectories and exactly calculating the steady-state probability distribution functions and mean square displacement; interestingly, we observe that with an increase in the memory time scale, the effective temperature of the environment increases. As a consequence, the particle becomes energetic and spread away from the center, covering larger space inside the confinement. On the other hand, with an increase in the duration of the activity, the particle becomes trapped by the harmonic confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Adersh
- Department of Physics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, India
| | - M Muhsin
- Department of Physics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, India
| | - M Sahoo
- Department of Physics, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695581, India.
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20
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Yang J, Shen P, de Groot A, Mocking-Bode HCM, Nikiforidis CV, Sagis LMC. Oil-water interface and emulsion stabilising properties of rapeseed proteins napin and cruciferin studied by nonlinear surface rheology. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 662:192-207. [PMID: 38341942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Two major protein families are present in rapeseed, namely cruciferins and napins. The structural differences between the two protein families indicate that they might behave differently when their mixture stabilises oil-water interfaces. Therefore, this work focuses on elucidating the role of both proteins in interface and emulsion stabilisation. EXPERIMENTS Protein molecular properties were evaluated, using SEC, DSC, CD, and hydrophobicity analysis. The oil-water interface mechanical properties were studied using LAOS and LAOD. General stress decomposition (GSD) was used as a novel method to characterise the nonlinear response. Additionally, to evaluate the emulsifying properties of the rapeseed proteins, emulsions were prepared using pure napins or cruciferin and also their mixtures at 1:3, 1:1 and 3:1 (w:w) ratios. FINDINGS Cruciferins formed stiff viscoelastic solid-like interfacial layers (Gs' = 0.046 mN/m; Ed' = 30.1 mN/m), while napin formed weaker and more stretchable layers at the oil-water interface (Gs' = 0.010 mN/m; Ed' = 26.4 mN/m). As a result, cruciferin-formed oil droplets with much higher stability against coalescence (coalescence index, CI up to 10%) than napin-stabilised ones (CI up to 146%) during two months of storage. Both proteins have a different role in emulsions produced with napin-cruciferin mixtures, where cruciferin provides high coalescence stability, while napin induces flocculation. Our work showed the role of each rapeseed protein in liquid-liquid multiphase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Yang
- TiFN, Nieuwe Kanaal 9A, 6709 PA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands; Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Penghui Shen
- Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anteun de Groot
- Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Helene C M Mocking-Bode
- Agrotechnology and Food Sciences Group, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6700AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Constantinos V Nikiforidis
- Laboratory of Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonard M C Sagis
- Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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21
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Zhou J, Pan H, Gong W, Yu DG, Sun Y. Electrosprayed Eudragit RL100 nanoparticles with Janus polyvinylpyrrolidone patches for multiphase release of paracetamol. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8573-8582. [PMID: 38602025 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00893f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Advanced nanotechniques and the corresponding complex nanostructures they produce represent some of the most powerful tools for developing novel drug delivery systems (DDSs). In this study, a side-by-side electrospraying process was developed for creating double-chamber nanoparticles in which Janus soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) patches were added to the sides of Eudragit RL100 (RL100) particles. Both sides were loaded with the poorly water-soluble drug paracetamol (PAR). Scanning electron microscope results demonstrated that the electrosprayed nanoparticles had an integrated Janus nanostructure. Combined with observations of the working processes, the microformation mechanism for creating the Janus PVP patches was proposed. XRD, DSC, and ATR-FTIR experiments verified that the PAR drug was present in the Janus particles in an amorphous state due to its fine compatibility with the polymeric matrices. In vitro dissolution tests verified that the Janus nanoparticles were able to provide a typical biphasic drug release profile, with the PVP patches providing 43.8 ± 5.4% drug release in the first phase in a pulsatile manner. In vivo animal experiments indicated that the Janus particles, on one hand, could provide a faster therapeutic effect than the electrosprayed sustained-release RL100 nanoparticles. On the other hand, they could maintain a therapeutic blood drug concentration for a longer period. The controlled release mechanism of the drug was proposed. The protocols reported here pioneer a new process-structure-performance relationship for developing Janus-structure-based advanced nano-DDSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfeng Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Hao Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University, 66 Chongshanzhong Road, Shenyang 110036, China.
| | - Wenjian Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Deng-Guang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Yuhao Sun
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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22
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Qu X, Li J, Yu Y, Yang J. Hydrogen bonding enhanced drug-polymer interaction for efficient drug loading and delivery. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3387-3391. [PMID: 38602361 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00003j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A carrier design strategy of hydrogen bonding enhanced drug-carrier interaction is developed to prepare a polymeric nanomedicine with high drug loading content and superb loading efficiency. Moreover, a morphology transition from spherical to cylindrical micelles is observed upon increasing drug loading content, which can open up a new way for controlling the morphology of the polymeric nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Qu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Junran Li
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Yishu Yu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China.
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23
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Niedner L, Kickelbick G. Amphiphilic titania Janus nanoparticles containing ionic groups prepared in oil-water Pickering emulsion. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7396-7408. [PMID: 38445431 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Titania nanoparticles with a diameter of 8 nm underwent an anisotropic modification using apolar 6-bromohexylphosphonic acid and cationic polar N,N,N-trimethyl-6-phosphonohexan-1-aminium bromide. The Janus modification was achieved through a straightforward one-step Pickering emulsion approach using toluene-water mixtures. The resulting Janus particles were compared with isotropically and statistically modified titania particles, where either a single coupling agent is attached to the surface or both coupling agents are assembled over the surface randomly, respectively. The covalent binding of the phosphonic acids to the titania surface was confirmed by FTIR and 31P solid-state CP-MAS NMR analyses. The grafting density was assessed using TGA, elemental analysis, and ICP-MS, revealing grafting densities of 0.1 mmol g-1 to 0.5 mmol g-1 for the cationic coupling agent and 1.2 mmol g-1 to 1.5 mmol g-1 for the apolar coupling agent, respectively. ζ-Potential titration measurements of both pristine and modified particles revealed isoelectric points at pH 4.5 to 9.3, depending on the type of modification. The ability of the particles to stabilize Pickering emulsions was tested under various conditions, with statistically and Janus-modified particles demonstrating a significant increase in stabilization compared to their isotropically modified counterparts. Furthermore, Janus particles were deposited onto glass substrates by a simple layer-by-layer approach. Through the self-assembly of these Janus particles, the glass substrate's properties could be tailored from hydrophilic to hydrophobic to hydrophilic, depending on the dipping cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Niedner
- Saarland University, Inorganic Solid State Chemistry, Campus, Building C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Guido Kickelbick
- Saarland University, Inorganic Solid State Chemistry, Campus, Building C4 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
- Saarene - Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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24
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He H, Lee J, Zong Z, Kim J, Lynch VM, Oh J, Kim D, Sessler JL, Ke XS. A Janus carbaporphyrin pseudo-dimer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2913. [PMID: 38575609 PMCID: PMC10994945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbaporphyrin dimers, investigated for their distinctive electronic structures and exceptional properties, have predominantly consisted of systems containing identical subunits. This study addresses the associated knowledge gap by focusing on asymmetric carbaporphyrin dimers with Janus-like characteristics. The synthesis of a Janus-type carbaporphyrin pseudo-dimer 5 is presented. It displays antiaromatic characteristics on the fused side and nonaromatic behavior on the unfused side. A newly synthesized tetraphenylene (TPE) linked bis-dibenzihomoporphyrin 8 and a previously reported dibenzo[g,p]chrysene (DBC) linked bis-dicarbacorrole 9 were prepared as controls. Comprehensive analyses, including 1H NMR spectral studies, single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and DFT calculations, validate the mixed character of 5. A further feature of the Janus pseudo-dimer 5 is that it may be transformed into a heterometallic complex, with one side coordinating a Cu(III) center and the other stabilizing a BODIPY complex. This disparate regiochemical reactivity underscores the potential of carbaporphyrin dimers as versatile frameworks, with electronic features and site-specific coordination chemistry controlled through asymmetry. These findings position carbaporphyrin dimers as promising candidates for advances in electronic structure studies, coordination chemistry, materials science, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodan He
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiyeon Lee
- School of Integrated Technology, College of Computing, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Zhaohui Zong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jiwon Kim
- School of Integrated Technology, College of Computing, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Korea
- Integrated Science and Engineering Division, Underwood International College, Yonsei University, Incheon, 21983, Korea
| | - Vincent M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Juwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Korea.
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Xian-Sheng Ke
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
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25
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Yang Q, Jiang M, Picano F, Zhu L. Shaping active matter from crystalline solids to active turbulence. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2874. [PMID: 38570495 PMCID: PMC11258367 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Active matter drives its constituent agents to move autonomously by harnessing free energy, leading to diverse emergent states with relevance to both biological processes and inanimate functionalities. Achieving maximum reconfigurability of active materials with minimal control remains a desirable yet challenging goal. Here, we employ large-scale, agent-resolved simulations to demonstrate that modulating the activity of a wet phoretic medium alone can govern its solid-liquid-gas phase transitions and, subsequently, laminar-turbulent transitions in fluid phases, thereby shaping its emergent pattern. These two progressively emerging transitions, hitherto unreported, bring us closer to perceiving the parallels between active matter and traditional matter. Our work reproduces and reconciles seemingly conflicting experimental observations on chemically active systems, presenting a unified landscape of phoretic collective dynamics. These findings enhance the understanding of long-range, many-body interactions among phoretic agents, offer new insights into their non-equilibrium collective behaviors, and provide potential guidelines for designing reconfigurable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhong Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maoqiang Jiang
- School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Francesco Picano
- Department of Industrial Engineering and CISAS "G. Colombo", University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lailai Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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26
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Silvano N, Barci DG. Emergent gauge symmetry in active Brownian matter. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:044605. [PMID: 38755850 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.044605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigate a two-dimensional system of interacting active Brownian particles. Using the Martin-Siggia-Rose-Janssen-de Dominicis formalism, we built up the generating functional for correlation functions. We study in detail the hydrodynamic regime with a constant density stationary state. Our findings reveal that, within a small density fluctuations regime, an emergent U(1) gauge symmetry arises, originated from the conservation of fluid vorticity. Consequently, the interaction between the orientational order parameter and density fluctuations can be cast into a gauge theory, where the concept of "electric charge density" aligns with the local vorticity of the original fluid. We study in detail the case of a microscopic local two-body interaction. We show that, upon integrating out the gauge fields, the stationary states of the rotational degrees of freedom satisfy a nonlocal Frank free energy for a nematic fluid. We give explicit expressions for the splay and bend elastic constants as a function of the Péclet number (Pe) and the diffusion interaction constant (k_{d}).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Silvano
- Center for Advanced Systems Understanding, Untermarkt 20, 02826 Görlitz, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- Departamento de Física Teórica, 20270-004 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel G Barci
- Departamento de Física Teórica, 20270-004 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, 20550-013, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, CNRS UMR 7589, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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27
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Kudryavtseva V, Sukhorukov GB. Features of Anisotropic Drug Delivery Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307675. [PMID: 38158786 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Natural materials are anisotropic. Delivery systems occurring in nature, such as viruses, blood cells, pollen, and many others, do have anisotropy, while delivery systems made artificially are mostly isotropic. There is apparent complexity in engineering anisotropic particles or capsules with micron and submicron sizes. Nevertheless, some promising examples of how to fabricate particles with anisotropic shapes or having anisotropic chemical and/or physical properties are developed. Anisotropy of particles, once they face biological systems, influences their behavior. Internalization by the cells, flow in the bloodstream, biodistribution over organs and tissues, directed release, and toxicity of particles regardless of the same chemistry are all reported to be factors of anisotropy of delivery systems. Here, the current methods are reviewed to introduce anisotropy to particles or capsules, including loading with various therapeutic cargo, variable physical properties primarily by anisotropic magnetic properties, controlling directional motion, and making Janus particles. The advantages of combining different anisotropy in one entity for delivery and common problems and limitations for fabrication are under discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriya Kudryavtseva
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 121205, Russia
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28
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Xia Z, Gao Y, Cai Q, Wang Y, Yang D, Li T, Dong A. Controllable synthesis of star-shaped FeCoMnO x nanocrystals and their self-assembly into superlattices with low-packing densities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3409-3412. [PMID: 38440958 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00332b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
We present a novel method for synthesizing monodisperse, star-shaped FeCoMnOx nanocrystals with tunable concavity. Through liquid-air interfacial assembly, these colloidal nanostars can form two-dimensional superlattices, which are characterized by low packing densities. Notably, the ability to adjust the degree of concavity of nanostars allows for the tuning of the packing symmetry of the assembled superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yutong Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingfu Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers and Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tongtao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Angang Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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29
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Zhou H, Groppe P, Zimmermann T, Wintzheimer S, Mandel K. Influence of cation concentration and valence on the structure and texture of spray-dried supraparticles from colloidal silica dispersions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 658:199-208. [PMID: 38100976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The structure and texture of supraparticles determine their properties and performance, thus playing a critical role in research studies as well as industrial applications. The addition of salts is a well-known strategy to manipulate the colloidal stability of nanoparticles. In this study, this approach is used to tune the structure of spray-dried supraparticles. Three different salts (NaCl, CaCl2, and AlCl3) were added to binary silica (SiO2) nanoparticle dispersions (of 40 and 400 nm in size) to change their colloidal stability by lowering the electrostatic repulsion or enhancing the cation bridging. Dependent on the cation valence of the added salt and the nanoparticle size, the critical salt concentration, which yields nanoparticle agglomeration, is reached at different salt amounts. This phenomenon is exploited to tune the final structure of supraparticles - obtained by spray-drying binary dispersions - from core-shell to Janus-like to well-mixed structures. This consequently also tunes textural properties, like surface roughness and the pore system of the obtained supraparticles. Our results provide insights for controlling the structure of spray-dried supraparticles by manipulating the stability of binary nanoparticle dispersions, and they establish a framework for composite particle design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Groppe
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Zimmermann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Wintzheimer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl Mandel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany; Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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30
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Zhao Y, Sun W, Wu X, Gao X, Song F, Duan B, Lu A, Yang H, Huang C. Janus Membrane with Intrafibrillarly Strontium-Apatite-Mineralized Collagen for Guided Bone Regeneration. ACS NANO 2024; 18:7204-7222. [PMID: 38373291 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Commercial collagen membranes face difficulty in guided bone regeneration (GBR) due to the absence of hierarchical structural design, effective interface management, and diverse bioactivity. Herein, a Janus membrane called SrJM is developed that consists of a porous collagen face to enhance osteogenic function and a dense face to maintain barrier function. Specifically, biomimetic intrafibrillar mineralization of collagen with strontium apatite is realized by liquid precursors of amorphous strontium phosphate. Polycaprolactone methacryloyl is further integrated on one side of the collagen as a dense face, which endows SrJM with mechanical support and a prolonged lifespan. In vitro experiments demonstrate that the dense face of SrJM acts as a strong barrier against fibroblasts, while the porous face significantly promotes cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation through activation of calcium-sensitive receptor/integrin/Wnt signaling pathways. Meanwhile, SrJM effectively enhances osteogenesis and angiogenesis by recruiting stem cells and modulating osteoimmune response, thus creating an ideal microenvironment for bone regeneration. In vivo studies verify that the bone defect region guided by SrJM is completely repaired by newly formed vascularized bone. Overall, the outstanding performance of SrJM supports its ongoing development as a multifunctional GBR membrane, and this study provides a versatile strategy of fabricating collagen-based biomaterials for hard tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fangfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bo Duan
- Interdisciplinary Institute of NMR and Molecular Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Ang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Cui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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31
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Hu S, Chen Y, Tao X, He R, Ju X, Wang Z. Enhanced emulsification performance and interfacial properties of Janus-like rapeseed cruciferin through asymmetric acylation modification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129467. [PMID: 38237834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Plant protein emulsifiers, particularly rapeseed protein isolate with its superior amino acid composition and predominantly globular protein, have captured significant interest in the food industry. Nonetheless, the application of these proteins has been stymied by their lackluster emulsification properties. Addressing this challenge, our study implements an innovative asymmetric acylation technique to modify the surface of rapeseed cruciferin (RC), morphing it into a structure resembling Janus nanoparticles. This alteration amplifies the emulsification prowess of RC by a remarkable 2.7 times compared to its natural form, and 1.43 times over its conventionally acylated counterpart. The asymmetrically acylated RC, marked by a distinctive three-phase contact angle of 90.4°, manifests an outstanding amphiphilic character. Moreover, it surpasses both the natural and conventionally acylated RC in terms of diffusion, penetration, and rearrangement rates, as well as protein concentration at the oil-water interface. Compared to commonly used emulsifiers in the food industry, such as lecithin and soy protein, the asymmetrically acylated RC stands out, stabilizing emulsions with the tiniest particle size and effectively staving off emulsion stratification over a longer duration. This study underscores that asymmetric acylation serves as a reliable methodology for producing efficient plant protein emulsifiers, considerably amplifying their utility in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqing Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yao Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xingrong Ju
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China.
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32
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Gayen AK, Singla R, Ramakrishnan S. Hyperbranched polymers: growing richer in flavours with time. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1534-1545. [PMID: 38252017 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05506j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have been studied for over three decades now; yet several interesting aspects continue to draw the attention of researchers worldwide. This is because of the simplicity of synthesis, their unique globular structure, and the numerous peripherally located functional groups that can be utilised to impart a variety of attributes, such as core-shell amphiphilicity, Janus amphiphilicity, clickable polymeric scaffolds, multifunctional crosslinkers, etc. Several reviews have been written on HBPs with a focus on synthetic strategies, structural diversity, and their potential applications; in this short feature article, we have taken an alternate approach to highlight some of the unique structural features of HBPs and their influence on the properties of HBPs. We also discuss their versatility and adaptability for the generation of several interesting functional polymeric systems. In the latter half, we focus on the utilisation of HBPs as multifunctional scaffolds, that rely on the numerous peripheral terminal groups. We conclude by drawing a structuro-functional analogy between the range of peripherally functionalised HBPs and other analogous, but more complex, polymeric systems. We believe that this review will serve as a visual sounding board that would encourage the development of several other applications for this class of unique polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Gayen
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Runa Singla
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - S Ramakrishnan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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33
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Loewe B, Kozhukhov T, Shendruk TN. Anisotropic run-and-tumble-turn dynamics. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:1133-1150. [PMID: 38226730 PMCID: PMC10828927 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00589e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Run-and-tumble processes successfully model several living systems. While studies have typically focused on particles with isotropic tumbles, recent examples exhibit "tumble-turns", in which particles undergo 90° tumbles and so possess explicitly anisotropic dynamics. We study the consequences of such tumble-turn anisotropicity at both short and long-time scales. We model run-and-tumble-turn particles as self-propelled particles subjected to an angular potential that favors directions of movement parallel to Cartesian axes. Using agent-based simulations, we study the effects of the interplay between rotational diffusion and an aligning potential on the particles' trajectories, which leads to the right-angled turns. We demonstrate that the long-time effect is to alter the tumble-turn time, which governs the long-time dynamics. In particular, when normalized by this timescale, trajectories become independent of the underlying details of the potential. As such, we develop a simplified continuum theory, which quantitatively agrees with agent-based simulations. We find that the purely diffusive hydrodynamic limit still exhibits anisotropic features at intermediate times and conclude that the transition to diffusive dynamics precedes the transition to isotropic dynamics. By considering short-range repulsive and alignment particle-particle interactions, we show how the anisotropic features of a single particle are inherited by the global order of the system. We hope this work will shed light on how active systems can extend local anisotropic properties to macroscopic scales, which might be important in biological processes occurring in anisotropic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Loewe
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK.
| | - Timofey Kozhukhov
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK.
| | - Tyler N Shendruk
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Peter Guthrie Tait Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK.
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34
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Caporusso CB, Negro G, Suma A, Digregorio P, Carenza LN, Gonnella G, Cugliandolo LF. Phase behaviour and dynamics of three-dimensional active dumbbell systems. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:923-939. [PMID: 38189452 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01030a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive numerical study of the phase behavior and dynamics of a three-dimensional active dumbbell system with attractive interactions. We demonstrate that attraction is essential for the system to exhibit nontrivial phases. We construct a detailed phase diagram by exploring the effects of the system's activity, density, and attraction strength. We identify several distinct phases, including a disordered, a gel, and a completely phase-separated phase. Additionally, we discover a novel dynamical phase, that we name percolating network, which is characterized by the presence of a spanning network of connected dumbbells. In the phase-separated phase we characterize numerically and describe analytically the helical motion of the dense cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Caporusso
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari and INFN, Sezione di Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, I-70126, Italy.
| | - G Negro
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari and INFN, Sezione di Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, I-70126, Italy.
| | - A Suma
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari and INFN, Sezione di Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, I-70126, Italy.
| | - P Digregorio
- Departement de Fisica de la Materia Condensada, Facultat de Fisica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, E08028 Barcelona, Spain
- UBICS University of Barcelona Institute of Complex Systems, Martí i Franquès 1, E08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - L N Carenza
- Instituut-Lorentz, Universiteit Leiden, P.O. Box 9506, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450 Saryer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - G Gonnella
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Bari and INFN, Sezione di Bari, via Amendola 173, Bari, I-70126, Italy.
| | - L F Cugliandolo
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies, LPTHE, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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35
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Chen CH, Hsieh TH, Huang HY, Cheng YC, Hong TM. Formation and mechanics of fire ant rafts as an active self-healing membrane. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:014607. [PMID: 38366469 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.014607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The unique ability of fire ants to form a raft to survive flooding rain has enchanted biologists as well as researchers in other disciplines. It was established during the last decade that a three-dimensional aggregation of fire ants exhibits viscoelasticity with respect to external compression and shearing among numerous unusual mechanical properties. Continuing these works, we will study the ant raft in its natural form, i.e., composing no more than two layers. This allowed us to focus on the cracks that are unique to membranes and see how their patterns are influenced by the fact that these ants are mobile and can self-repair the damage to keep their raft from disintegration. In the beginning, we show that vertical and horizontal shaking can also prompt fire ants to aggregate. The canonical view that the stability of ant raft relies on the Cheerios effect and a combination of other parameters is tested. The force-displacement experiment is performed to show that two distinct mechanical responses and fracture patterns, characteristic of ductile and brittle materials, can be elicited, depending on the magnitude of the pull speed. During the process, we counted the number of ants that actively participated in the stress-strain relation and used this information to roughly sketch out the force chain. The latter information reveals that the pull force expedites the alignment of fire ants, in analogy to the effect of an electric field on liquid crystal polymers. To highlight the self-healing nature, we employ the creep experiment to study how the length and Young's modulus of the raft change or relax with time. One major finding is that the raft can exhibit zero Poisson's ratio without resorting to specific geometry structures. This is enabled by the active recruitment of ants from the top layer to the bottom layer to keep the raft from disintegrating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hao Chen
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Ting-Heng Hsieh
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yue Huang
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chuan Cheng
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
- Department of Physics, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Tzay-Ming Hong
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
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Pedro-Hernández LD, Barajas-Mendoza I, Castillo-Rodríguez IO, Klimova E, Ramírez-Ápan T, Martínez-García M. Janus Dendrimers as Nanocarriers of Ibuprofen, Chlorambucil and their Anticancer Activity. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:276-287. [PMID: 37592778 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230817160636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Janus Dendrimer represents a novel class of synthetic nanocarriers. Since it is possible to introduce multiple drugs and target moieties, this helps the designing of new biocompatible forms with pharmacological activities comprised of different drugs with tailor-made functionalities, such as anticancer and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, which could improve the anticancer activity with less toxicity. AIMS This study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of the Janus dendrimers formed by two dendrons. One dendron conjugates with chlorambucil, and the other dendron conjugates with Ibuprofen. METHODS The cytotoxicity of the drug carriers was determined by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay for three cell lines. PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma), HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), MFC-7 (human breast cancer) and the COS-7 African green monkey kidney (used as a control) cell lines were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 5x103 cells/well and cultured for 24 h before use. All the obtained compounds were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR one and two dimensions, UVvis, FTIR, MALDI-TOF, Electrospray mass, and FAB+. Microscopic images were taken in an Inverted microscope Nikon, Diaphot 300, 10x4 in culture medium. RESULTS Janus dendrimers (G1 and G2) were synthesized via an azide-alkyne click-chemistry reaction attaching on one face dendrons with ibuprofen molecules and, on the other face, attached a chlorambucil- derivative. The IC50 behavior of the conjugates of the first and second generations showed anticancer activity against PC-3, HCT-15, and MFC-7 cell lines. The second generation was more active against PC-3, HCT-15 and MFC-7 with IC50 of 3.8±0.5, 3.0±0.2 and 3.7 ± 1.1 mM, respectively. CONCLUSION The new Janus dendrimers with anticancer chlorambucil and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory Ibuprofen can improve the anticancer activity of chlorambucil with less toxicity. FUTURE PROSPECTS Now, we are working on the synthesis of new Janus dendrimers using the most effective and fine methods. Moreover, we hope that we shall be able to obtain different generations that are more selective against cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Pedro-Hernández
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Israel Barajas-Mendoza
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Irving Osiel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Elena Klimova
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Interior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Teresa Ramírez-Ápan
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Marcos Martínez-García
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, México
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Saqib M, Ercan B, Erdem EY. Synthesis of Anisotropic Magnetic Polymeric Janus Particles by In Situ Separation of Magnetic Nanoparticles in a Microfluidic Device. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:17080-17087. [PMID: 37983478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Janus particles have been studied extensively for medical and biological applications owing to their controllable mobility in fluid media. In this work, we report a novel microfluidic device designed for the synthesis of magnetically anisotropic Janus particles made of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and embedded with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Our method consists of a droplet generation step followed by magnetic separation using an external magnetic field and ultraviolet polymerization. The synthesized particles exhibit a monodisperse size distribution with a standard deviation of less than 3.5%, which is among the best size distributions obtained in the literature for magnetic Janus particles. The anisotropic magnetic property of the particles enable them to rotate about their own axes in the presence of an external magnetic field, introducing another degree of freedom to their motion. This microfluidic technique is simple, one-step, and versatile, offering control over the size distribution to synthesize magnetically anisotropic Janus particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Batur Ercan
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - E Yegan Erdem
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
- UNAM (National Nanotechnology Research Center), Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Praveen Kamath P, Sil S, Truong VG, Nic Chormaic S. Particle trapping with optical nanofibers: a review [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:6172-6189. [PMID: 38420322 PMCID: PMC10898553 DOI: 10.1364/boe.503146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Optical trapping has proven to be an efficient method to control particles, including biological cells, single biological macromolecules, colloidal microparticles, and nanoparticles. Multiple types of particles have been successfully trapped, leading to various applications of optical tweezers ranging from biomedical through physics to material sciences. However, precise manipulation of particles with complex composition or of sizes down to nanometer-scales can be difficult with conventional optical tweezers, and an alternative manipulation tool is desirable. Optical nanofibers, that is, fibers with a waist diameter smaller than the propagating wavelength of light, are ideal candidates for optical manipulation due to their large evanescent field that extends beyond the fiber surface. They have the added advantages of being easily connected to a fibered experimental setup, being simple to fabricate, and providing strong electric field confinement and intense magnitude of evanescent fields at the nanofiber's surface. Many different particles have been trapped, rotated, transported, and assembled with such a system. This article reviews particle trapping using optical nanofibers and highlights some challenges and future potentials of this developing topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramitha Praveen Kamath
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Souvik Sil
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Viet Giang Truong
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
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Wei J, Yu Y, Matsuo Y, Zhang L, Mitomo H, Chen Y, Ijiro K, Zhang Z. Size Segregation of Gold Nanoparticles into Bilayer-like Vesicular Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 38039385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Size segregation of nanoparticles with different sizes into highly ordered, unique nanostructures is important for their practical applications. Herein, we demonstrate spontaneous self-assembly of the binary mixtures of small and large gold nanoparticles (GNPs; 5/15, 5/20, or 10/20 in diameter) in the presence of a tetra(ethylene glycol)-terminated octafluoro-4,4'-biphenol ligand, namely, TeOFBL, resulting in a size-segregated assembly. The outer single layer of large GNPs forming a gold nanoparticle vesicle (GNV) encapsulated the inner vesicle-like assembly composed of small GNPs, which is referred to as bilayer-like GNV and similar to the molecular bilayer structure of a liposome. The size segregation was driven by the solvophobic feature of the TeOFBLs on the surface of GNPs. A time-course study indicated that size segregation occurred instantaneously during the mixing stage of the self-organization process. The size-segregated precursors quickly fused with each other through the inner-inner and outer-outer layer fashion to form the bilayer-like GNV. This study provides a new approach to creating biomimetic bilayer capsules with different physical properties for potential applications such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjian Wei
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yi Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yasutaka Matsuo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Liang Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, P. R. China
| | - Hideyuki Mitomo
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yuqin Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Kuniharu Ijiro
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 21, Nishi 10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Zhide Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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Yang T, Jiang C, Zhang L, Du Y, Fan J, Zhang L, Liang F. Waterproof and Flame-Retardant Fabric Coating with Nail-Tie Structure was Constructed by Janus Particles with Strong Mechanical, Physical, and Chemical Durability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54166-54175. [PMID: 37943181 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Oil spills are one of the most dangerous sources that cause serious environmental pollution and fire and explosion. In this work, multifunctional separator silica@polydivinylbenzene/poly 2,6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenyl ether (silica@PDVB/PPE) Janus particles were fabricated via seed emulsion polymerization, causing phase segregation as well as selective modification. The epoxy modified silica is partially covalently bonded to the fabric substrate surface by simple spraying to achieve a strong composite coating. The low surface energy PDVB/PPE forms a micronano rough layered surface, which can achieve a super hydrophobic and lipophile surface (WCA = 155°) and obtain a high flux separation of water and oil at 32,700 L·m-2·h-1. At the same time, the Janus composite fabric coating has the advantages of high heat resistance and flame retardant, which is realized by halogen-free flame-retardant unsaturated polyphosphate (PPE), making Janus fabric have potential value in separating oil-water mixtures and fire protection applications. In addition, the coating shows excellent chemical durability. After soaking in various aqueous solvents and organic solvents for 30 h, it can still maintain superhydrophobicity and flame retardant. The coating still has water repellency and flame retardant after 50 washings and mechanical wear and has good mechanical durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
| | - Chengzhen Jiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
| | - Linnan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiangtao Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, College of Material Sciene and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Shenyang Key Laboratory for New Functional Coating Materials, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Fuxin Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Abdurashitov AS, Proshin PI, Sukhorukov GB. Template-Free Manufacturing of Defined Structure and Size Polymeric Microparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2976. [PMID: 37999330 PMCID: PMC10674349 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Complex-structured polymeric microparticles hold significant promise as an advance in next-generation medicine mostly due to demand from developing targeted drug delivery. However, the conventional methods for producing these microparticles of defined size, shape, and sophisticated composition often face challenges in scalability, reliance on specialized components such as micro-patterned templates, or limited control over particle size distribution and cargo (functional payload) release kinetics. In this study, we introduce a novel and reliably scalable approach for manufacturing microparticles of defined structures and sizes with variable parameters. The concept behind this method involves the deposition of a specific number of polymer layers on a substrate with low surface energy. Each layer can serve as either the carrier for cargo or a programmable shell-former with predefined permeability. Subsequently, this layered structure is precisely cut into desired-size blanks (particle precursors) using a laser. The manufacturing process is completed by applying heat to the substrate, which results in sealing the edges of the blanks. The combination of the high surface tension of the molten polymer and the low surface energy of the substrate enables the formation of discrete particles, each possessing semi-spherical or other designed geometries determined by their internal composition. Such anisotropic microparticles are envisaged to have versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkady S. Abdurashitov
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, p.1, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pavel I. Proshin
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, p.1, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Gleb B. Sukhorukov
- Vladimir Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Rehabilitation, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, p.1, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
- Life Improvement by Future Technologies (LIFT) Center, 143025 Moscow, Russia
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42
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Blovský T, Šindelka K, Limpouchová Z, Procházka K. Self-Assembly of Symmetric Copolymers in Slits with Inert and Attractive Walls. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4458. [PMID: 38006182 PMCID: PMC10675682 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the behavior of the confined semi-dilute solutions of self-assembling copolymers represents an important topic of basic and applied research, it has eluded the interest of scientists. Extensive series of dissipative particle dynamics simulations have been performed on semi-dilute solutions of A5B5 chains in a selective solvent for A in slits using a DL-MESO simulation package. Simulations of corresponding bulk systems were performed for comparison. This study shows that the associates in the semi-dilute bulk solutions are partly structurally organized. Mild steric constraints in slits with non-attractive walls hardly affect the size of the associates, but they promote their structural arrangement in layers parallel to the slit walls. Attractive walls noticeably affect the association process. In slits with mildly attractive walls, the adsorption competes with the association process. At elevated concentrations, the associates start to form in wide slits when the walls are sparsely covered by separated associates, and the association process prevents the full coverage of the surface. In slits with strongly attractive walls, adsorption is the dominant behavior. The associates form in wide slits at elevated concentrations only after the walls are completely and continuously covered by the adsorbed chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Blovský
- The Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Šindelka
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zuzana Limpouchová
- The Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Procházka
- The Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Pérez-Ferreiro M, M. Abelairas A, Criado A, Gómez IJ, Mosquera J. Dendrimers: Exploring Their Wide Structural Variety and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4369. [PMID: 38006093 PMCID: PMC10674315 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers constitute a distinctive category of synthetic materials that bear resemblance to proteins in various aspects, such as discrete structural organization, globular morphology, and nanoscale dimensions. Remarkably, these attributes coexist with the capacity for facile large-scale production. Due to these advantages, the realm of dendrimers has undergone substantial advancement since their inception in the 1980s. Numerous reviews have been dedicated to elucidating this subject comprehensively, delving into the properties and applications of quintessential dendrimer varieties like PAMAM, PPI, and others. Nevertheless, the contemporary landscape of dendrimers transcends these early paradigms, witnessing the emergence of a diverse array of novel dendritic architectures in recent years. In this review, we aim to present a comprehensive panorama of the expansive domain of dendrimers. As such, our focus lies in discussing the key attributes and applications of the predominant types of dendrimers existing today. We will commence with the conventional variants and progressively delve into the more pioneering ones, including Janus, supramolecular, shape-persistent, and rotaxane dendrimers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - I. Jénnifer Gómez
- CICA—Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- CICA—Centro Interdisciplinar de Química e Bioloxía, Universidade da Coruña, Rúa as Carballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
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Dal Compare L, Romano F, Wood JA, Widmer-Cooper A, Giacometti A. Janus helices: From fully attractive to hard helices. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174905. [PMID: 37921252 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The phase diagram of hard helices differs from its hard rods counterpart by the presence of chiral "screw" phases stemming from the characteristic helical shape, in addition to the conventional liquid crystal phases also found for rod-like particles. Using extensive Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations, we study the effect of the addition of a short-range attractive tail representing solvent-induced interactions to a fraction of the sites forming the hard helices, ranging from a single-site attraction to fully attractive helices for a specific helical shape. Different temperature regimes exist for different fractions of the attractive sites, as assessed in terms of the relative Boyle temperatures, that are found to be rather insensitive to the specific shape of the helical particle. The temperature range probed by the present study is well above the corresponding Boyle temperatures, with the phase behaviour still mainly entropically dominated and with the existence and location of the various liquid crystal phases only marginally affected. The pressure in the equation of state is found to decrease upon increasing the fraction of attractive beads and/or on lowering the temperature at fixed volume fraction, as expected on physical grounds. All screw phases are found to be stable within the considered range of temperatures with the smectic phase becoming more stable on lowering the temperature. By contrast, the location of the transition lines do not display a simple dependence on the fraction of attractive beads in the considered range of temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dal Compare
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia Campus Scientifico, Edificio Alfa, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Flavio Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia Campus Scientifico, Edificio Alfa, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy
- European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT) Ca' Bottacin, 3911 Dorsoduro Calle Crosera, 30123 Venice, Italy
| | - Jared A Wood
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Achille Giacometti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia Campus Scientifico, Edificio Alfa, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy
- European Centre for Living Technology (ECLT) Ca' Bottacin, 3911 Dorsoduro Calle Crosera, 30123 Venice, Italy
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Ulusel M, Dinçer O, Şahin O, Çınar-Aygün S. Solidification-Controlled Compartmentalization of Bismuth-Tin Colloidal Particles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37897796 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Nucleation and growth are the main steps of microstructure formation. Nucleation occurs stochastically in a bulk material but can be controlled by introducing or removing catalytic sites, or creating local gradients. Such manipulations can already be implemented to bulk materials at a high level of sophistication but are still challenging on micrometer or smaller scales. Here, we explore the potential to transfer this vast knowledge in classical metallurgy to the fabrication of colloidal particles and report strategies to control phase distribution within a particle by adjusting its solidification conditions. Benefiting from the core-shell structure of liquid metals and the constrained volume of particles, we demonstrate that the same alloy particle can be transformed into a lamellar, composite, Janus, or striped particle by the felicitous choice of the phase separation process pathway. This methodology offers an unprecedented opportunity for the scalable production of compartmentalized particles in high yields that are currently limited to inherently unscalable methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mert Ulusel
- Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Orçun Dinçer
- Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ozan Şahin
- Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Simge Çınar-Aygün
- Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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Bröker S, Bickmann J, Te Vrugt M, Cates ME, Wittkowski R. Orientation-Dependent Propulsion of Active Brownian Spheres: From Self-Advection to Programmable Cluster Shapes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:168203. [PMID: 37925724 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.168203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Applications of active particles require a method for controlling their dynamics. While this is typically achieved via direct interventions, indirect interventions based, e.g., on an orientation-dependent self-propulsion speed of the particles, become increasingly popular. In this Letter, we investigate systems of interacting active Brownian spheres in two spatial dimensions with orientation-dependent propulsion using analytical modeling and Brownian dynamics simulations. It is found that the orientation dependence leads to self-advection, circulating currents, and programmable cluster shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Bröker
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Bickmann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Te Vrugt
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael E Cates
- DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - Raphael Wittkowski
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Zhang X, Dai X, Gao L, Xu D, Wan H, Wang Y, Yan LT. The entropy-controlled strategy in self-assembling systems. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6806-6837. [PMID: 37743794 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00347g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of various building blocks has been considered as a powerful approach to generate novel materials with tailorable structures and optimal properties. Understanding physicochemical interactions and mechanisms related to structural formation and transitions is of essential importance for this approach. Although it is well-known that diverse forces and energies can significantly contribute to the structures and properties of self-assembling systems, the potential entropic contribution remains less well understood. The past few years have witnessed rapid progress in addressing the entropic effects on the structures, responses, and functions in the self-assembling systems, and many breakthroughs have been achieved. This review provides a framework regarding the entropy-controlled strategy of self-assembly, through which the structures and properties can be tailored by effectively tuning the entropic contribution and its interplay with the enthalpic counterpart. First, we focus on the fundamentals of entropy in thermodynamics and the entropy types that can be explored for self-assembly. Second, we discuss the rules of entropy in regulating the structural organization in self-assembly and delineate the entropic force and superentropic effect. Third, we introduce the basic principles, significance and approaches of the entropy-controlled strategy in self-assembly. Finally, we present the applications where this strategy has been employed in fields like colloids, macromolecular systems and nonequilibrium assembly. This review concludes with a discussion on future directions and future research opportunities for developing and applying the entropy-controlled strategy in complex self-assembling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Xiaobin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Lijuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Duo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Haixiao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yuming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Li-Tang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Lavagna E, Salassi S, Bochicchio D, Rossi G. Dumbbells, chains, and ribbons: anisotropic self-assembly of isotropic nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15153-15160. [PMID: 37671876 PMCID: PMC10540935 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02384b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Functionalizing the surface of metal nanoparticles can assure their stability in solution or mediate their self-assembly into aggregates with controlled shapes. Here we present a computational study of the colloidal aggregation of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) isotropically functionalized by a mixture of charged and hydrophobic ligands. We show that, by varying the relative proportion of the two ligands, the NPs form anisotropic aggregates with markedly different topologies: dumbbells, chains, or ribbons. In all cases, two kinds of connections keep the aggregates together: hydrophobic bonds and ion bridges. We show that the anisotropy of the aggregates derives from the NP shell reshaping due to the formation of the hydrophobic links, while ion bridges are accountable for the "secondary structure" of the aggregates. Our findings provide a general physical principle that can also be exploited in different self-assembled systems: anisotropic/directional aggregation can be achieved starting from isotropic objects with a soft, deformable surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Lavagna
- Physics Department, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Sebastian Salassi
- Physics Department, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Davide Bochicchio
- Physics Department, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Giulia Rossi
- Physics Department, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
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Han Y, Kim H. Fabrication of Versatile Janus Microparticles through Geometry and Surface Chemistry Control. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13695-13704. [PMID: 37708347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic Janus particles typically comprise two distinct hemispheres with spatially dispersed physicochemical properties. The anisotropic structure and physicochemical properties of Janus particles can be exploited for various applications. However, their preparation typically requires complex and sophisticated processes and expensive equipment to control the formation of different structures and chemical compositions. Herein, a simple synthetic approach for the facile fabrication of versatile Janus particles with efficient control of the Janus ratio and wettability based on particle fixation at a three-phase interface and photopolymerization is reported. Agarose gel and surfactant are used to control the surface-coated boundaries of the Janus particles through the equilibrium of a floating microparticle at the fluid interface. poly(propylene glycol) diacrylate or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) coating on polystyrene-based microparticles allows easy control of the chemical functionality of the particle surfaces. Depending on the particle morphology and wettability, the interfacial behavior between two immiscible liquids can be adjusted, which allows the stabilization of Pickering emulsions that encapsulate independent oil droplets in water or vice versa. This facile approach has the potential to enable more efficient mass production of Janus particles and their use in various applications, such as biomedical and environmental engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejeong Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Faßberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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50
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Azhdari S, Post Y, Trömer M, Coban D, Quintieri G, Gröschel AH. Janus nanoplates, -bowls, and -cups: controlling size and curvature via terpolymer/homopolymer blending in 3D confinement. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14896-14905. [PMID: 37650578 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02902f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of Janus nanoparticles with spherical, cylindrical, and disk-like shapes are nowadays rather well understood. Other topologies such as nanorings and bowl-shaped Janus nanoparticles are believed to show distinctly different solution behavior and interaction with interfaces, but limitations in their synthesis currently prevents a proper investigation of these properties. Especially the combination of shape- and surface-anisotropy of bowl-shaped Janus nanoparticles could result in enhanced selectivity in uptake of cargo and enhanced directional diffusion. We here produce bowl-shaped Janus nanoparticles without noticeable side products through evaporation-induced confinement assembly (EICA) of triblock terpolymers blended with high molecular weight homopolymer. The triblock terpolymer phase separates from the homopolymer into spherical domes, where the terpolymer adopts a hemispherical lamella-lamella morphology (ll). Selective cross-linking, removal of the homopolymer, and disassembly of the microparticles releases the bowl-shaped Janus nanoparticles. The amount of blended homopolymer determines the size of the spherical dome, allowing to control particle curvature into flat Janus nanoplates, hemispherical Janus nanobowls, and deep Janus nanocups. The use of Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) membranes with pore sizes in the range of dpore = 0.2-2.0 μm further provides control of particle diameter. Size and shape were analyzed with electron microscopy and the Janus character through selective surface decoration. The diffusion behavior of bowl-shaped Janus nanoparticles was investigated depending on particle curvature and anisotropy using angle-dependent dynamic light scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suna Azhdari
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Yorick Post
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Manuel Trömer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Deniz Coban
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Giada Quintieri
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - André H Gröschel
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Soft Nanoscience (SoN), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
- Polymer materials for energy storage (PES), Bavarian Centre for Battery Technology (BayBatt) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
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