1
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Mikeska ER, Wilson RE, Sen A, Autschbach J, Blakemore JD. Preparation of Neptunyl and Plutonyl Acetates To Access Nonaqueous Transuranium Coordination Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21509-21524. [PMID: 39047184 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Uranyl diacetate dihydrate is a useful reagent for the preparation of uranyl (UO22+) coordination complexes, as it is a well-defined stoichiometric compound featuring moderately basic acetates that can facilitate protonolysis reactivity, unlike other anions commonly used in synthetic actinide chemistry such as halides or nitrate. Despite these attractive features, analogous neptunium (Np) and plutonium (Pu) compounds are unknown to date. Here, a modular synthetic route is reported for accessing stoichiometric neptunyl(VI) and plutonyl(VI) diacetate compounds that can serve as starting materials for transuranic coordination chemistry. The new NpO22+ and PuO22+ complexes, as well as a corresponding molecular UO22+ complex, are isomorphous in the solid state, and in solution show similar solubility properties that facilitate their use in synthesis. In both solid and solution state, the +VI oxidation state (O.S.) is maintained, as demonstrated by vibrational and optical spectroscopy, confirming that acetate anions stabilize the oxidizing, high-valent +VI states of Np and Pu as they do for the more stable U(VI). All three acetate salts readily react with a model diprotic ligand, affording incorporation of U(VI), Np(VI), and Pu(VI) cores into molecular coordination compounds that occurs concomitantly with elimination of acetic acid; the new complexes are high-valent, yet overall charge neutral, facilitating entry into nonaqueous chemistry by rational synthesis. Computational studies reveal that the dianionic ligand framework assists in stabilizing the +VI O.S. via donation to the 5f shells of the actinides, highlighting the potential usefulness of protonolysis reactivity toward preparation of stabilized high-valent transuranic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Mikeska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Richard E Wilson
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Asmita Sen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - James D Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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2
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Yan Z, Gu Q, Ke X, Gu J, Shao H. Engineering Bis-Pyridine N-Functionalized Cellulose Aerogel for Efficient Extraction of Cu 2+ from High-Acidity Wastewaters: Coupling Molecular Scale Interpretation with Experiment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:16430-16442. [PMID: 39049428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
In order to address the issue of protonation of functional groups and structural instability on the surface of aerogel due to strong acidic wastewater, a three-dimensional bis-pyridine N cellulose aerogel [PEIPD/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)] with protonation resistance was prepared in this paper by grafting pyridine onto polyethylenimine. The adsorption capacity for Cu2+ of the as-prepared aerogel is as high as 1.64 mmol/g (pH 5) and is maintained well in high-acidity solutions (1.15 mmol/g at pH = 2). It reveals high selectivity, splendid anti-interference ability, and also reliable on the recycle performance. Through the zeta potential tests, this adsorbent reveals a rather low zero charge point (pHpzc = 2.2). The adsorption of Cu2+ on the adsorbent is consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir model, suggesting that the adsorption process is dominated by chemisorption in a monolayer. The characterizations by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy proved pyridine N as responsible binding sites, based on which two possible mechanisms are proposed, including chelation and cation-π interaction. Density functional theory calculations are further used to precisely investigate the pathway. By comparing the binding energies, molecular electrostatic potentials, electron densities, and differential charge densities, the bis-pyridine N functional group is finally determined to be of much higher affinity to Cu2+ following chelation reaction as designated. By integrating bis-pyridine N with the CMC and understanding their crucial roles, this will provide significant insights into the rational design of aerogel adsorbents to enhance the recovery of Cu from strongly acidic wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Yan
- College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Qinghua Gu
- College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
| | - Xin Ke
- Shenyang Key Laboratory of Environmental Functional Materials Construction and Pollution Control, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Jianchao Gu
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Huiping Shao
- College of Energy and Environmental, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, China
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3
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Lopez LM, Uible MC, Zeller M, Bart SC. Lewis base adducts of NpCl 4. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5956-5959. [PMID: 38766982 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01560f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Np(IV) Lewis base adducts were prepared by ligand substitution of NpCl4(DME)2. Using acetonitrile and pyridine, NpCl4(MeCN)4 (1) and NpCl4(pyr)4 (2) were isolated, respectively. Addition of t-butylbipyridine and triphenylphosphine oxide generated the respective Lewis base adducts, NpCl4(tBuBipy)2 (3) and NpCl4(OPPh3)2 (4). All species were fully characterized using spectroscopic and structural analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Lopez
- H.C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Madeleine C Uible
- H.C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H.C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Suzanne C Bart
- H.C. Brown Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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4
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Liddle ST. Progress in Nonaqueous Molecular Uranium Chemistry: Where to Next? Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9366-9384. [PMID: 38739898 PMCID: PMC11134516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
There is long-standing interest in nonaqueous uranium chemistry because of fundamental questions about uranium's variable chemical bonding and the similarities of this pseudo-Group 6 element to its congener d-block elements molybdenum and tungsten. To provide historical context, with reference to a conference presentation slide presented around 1988 that advanced a defining collection of top targets, and the challenge, for synthetic actinide chemistry to realize in isolable complexes under normal experimental conditions, this Viewpoint surveys progress against those targets, including (i) CO and related π-acid ligand complexes, (ii) alkylidenes, carbynes, and carbidos, (iii) imidos and terminal nitrides, (iv) homoleptic polyalkyls, -alkoxides, and -aryloxides, (v) uranium-uranium bonds, and (vi) examples of topics that can be regarded as branching out in parallel from the leading targets. Having summarized advances from the past four decades, opportunities to build on that progress, and hence possible future directions for the field, are highlighted. The wealth and diversity of uranium chemistry that is described emphasizes the importance of ligand-metal complementarity in developing exciting new chemistry that builds our knowledge and understanding of elements in a relativistic regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T. Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre
for Radiochemistry Research, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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5
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Ordoñez O, Yu X, Wu G, Autschbach J, Hayton TW. Quantifying Actinide-Carbon Bond Covalency in a Uranyl-Aryl Complex Utilizing Solution 13C NMR Spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9427-9433. [PMID: 37788299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of [UO2Cl2(THF)2]2 with in situ generated LiFmes (FmesH = 1,3,5-(CF3)3C6H3) in Et2O resulted in the formation of the uranyl aryl complexes [Li(THF)3][UO2(Fmes)3] ([Li(THF)3][1]) and [Li(Et2O)3(THF)][UO2(Fmes)3] ([Li(Et2O)3(THF)][1]) in good to moderate yields after crystallization from hexanes and Et2O, respectively. Both complexes were characterized by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations reveal that the Cispo resonance in [1]- exhibits a deshielding of 51 ppm from spin-orbit coupling effects originating at uranium, which indicates an appreciable covalency in the U-C bonding interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Ordoñez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Trevor W Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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6
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Dan X, Du J, Zhang S, Seed JA, Perfetti M, Tuna F, Wooles AJ, Liddle ST. Arene-, Chlorido-, and Imido-Uranium Bis- and Tris(boryloxide) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9588-9601. [PMID: 38557081 PMCID: PMC11134490 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We introduce the boryloxide ligand {(HCNDipp)2BO}- (NBODipp, Dipp = 2,6-di-isopropylphenyl) to actinide chemistry. Protonolysis of [U{N(SiMe3)2}3] with 3 equiv of NBODippH produced the uranium(III) tris(boryloxide) complex [U(NBODipp)3] (1). In contrast, treatment of UCl4 with 3 equiv of NBODippK in THF at room temperature or reflux conditions produced only [U(NBODipp)2(Cl)2(THF)2] (2) with 1 equiv of NBODippK remaining unreacted. However, refluxing the mixture of 2 and unreacted NBODippK in toluene instead of THF afforded the target complex [U(NBODipp)3(Cl)(THF)] (3). Two-electron oxidation of 1 with AdN3 (Ad = 1-adamantyl) afforded the uranium(V)-imido complex [U(NBODipp)3(NAd)] (4). The solid-state structure of 1 reveals a uranium-arene bonding motif, and structural, spectroscopic, and DFT calculations all suggest modest uranium-arene δ-back-bonding with approximately equal donation into the arene π4 and π5 δ-symmetry π* molecular orbitals. Complex 4 exhibits a short uranium(V)-imido distance, and computational modeling enabled its electronic structure to be compared to related uranium-imido and uranium-oxo complexes, revealing a substantial 5f-orbital crystal field splitting and extensive mixing of 5f |ml,ms⟩ states and mj projections. Complexes 1-4 have been variously characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, IR, UV/vis/NIR, and EPR spectroscopies, SQUID magnetometry, elemental analysis, and CONDON, F-shell, DFT, NLMO, and QTAIM crystal field and quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhang Dan
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Jingzhen Du
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Shuhan Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
| | - John A. Seed
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Mauro Perfetti
- Department
of Chemistry Ugo Schiff, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Floriana Tuna
- Department
of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United
Kingdom
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7
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Valerio L, Hakey BM, Leary DC, Stockdale E, Brennessel WW, Milsmann C, Matson EM. Synthesis and Characterization of Isostructural Th(IV) and U(IV) Pyridine Dipyrrolide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9610-9623. [PMID: 38377955 PMCID: PMC11134498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A series of pyridine dipyrrolide actinide(IV) complexes, (MesPDPPh)AnCl2(THF) and An(MesPDPPh)2 (An = U, Th, where (MesPDPPh) is the doubly deprotonated form of 2,6-bis(5-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine), have been prepared. Characterization of all four complexes has been performed through a combination of solid- and solution-state methods, including elemental analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic absorption and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies. Collectively, these data confirm the formation of the mono- and bis-ligated species. Time-dependent density functional theory has been performed on all four An(IV) complexes, providing insight into the nature of electronic transitions that are observed in the electronic absorption spectra of these compounds. Room temperature, solution-state luminescence of the actinide complexes is presented. Both Th(IV) derivatives exhibit strong photoluminescence; in contrast, the U(IV) species are nonemissive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla
R. Valerio
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Brett M. Hakey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Dylan C. Leary
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Erin Stockdale
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W. Brennessel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Carsten Milsmann
- C.
Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Ellen M. Matson
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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8
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Du J, Dollberg K, Seed JA, Wooles AJ, von Hänisch C, Liddle ST. f-Element Zintl Chemistry: Actinide-Mediated Dehydrocoupling of H 2Sb 1- Affords the Trithorium and Triuranium Undeca-Antimontriide Zintl Clusters [{An(Tren TIPS)} 3(μ 3-Sb 11)] (An = Th, U; Tren TIPS = {N(CH 2CH 2NSi iPr 3) 3} 3-). Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38767623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Reaction of the cesium antimonide complex [Cs(18C6)2][SbH2] (1, 18C6 = 18-crown-6 ether) with the triamidoamine actinide separated ion pairs [An(TrenTIPS)(L)][BPh4] (TrenTIPS = {N(CH2CH2NSiiPr3)3}3-; An/L = Th/DME (2Th); U/THF (2U)) affords the triactinide undeca-antimontriide Zintl clusters [{An(TrenTIPS)}3(μ3-Sb11)] (An = Th (3Th), U (3U)) by dehydrocoupling. Clusters 3Th and 3U provide two new examples of the Sb113- Zintl trianion and are unprecedented examples of molecular Sb113- being coordinated to anything since all previous reports featured isolated Sb113- Zintl trianions in separated ion quadruple formulations with noncoordinating cations. Quantum chemical calculations describe dominant ionic An-Sb interactions in 3Th and 3U, though the data suggest that the latter exhibits slightly more covalent An-Sb linkages than the former. Complexes 3Th and 3U have been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR, IR, and UV/vis/NIR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, and quantum chemical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhen Du
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Dollberg
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley J Wooles
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Carsten von Hänisch
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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9
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Srivastava A, Ali SM, Dumpala RMR, Kumar S, Kumar P, Rawat N, Mohapatra PK. Unusual redox stability of pentavalent uranium with hetero-bifunctional phosphonocarboxylate: insight into aqueous speciation. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7321-7339. [PMID: 38591248 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00173g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The +5 state is an unusual oxidation state of uranium due to its instability in the aqueous phase. As a result, gaining information about its aqueous speciation is extremely difficult. The present work is an attempt in that direction and it provides insight into the existence of a new pentavalent species in the presence of hetero-bifunctional phosphonocarboxylate (PC) chelators, other than the carbonate ion, in the aqueous medium. The aqueous chemistry of pentavalent uranium species with three environmentally relevant PCs was probed using electrochemical and DFT methods to understand the redox energy and kinetics of conversion of the U(VI)/U(V) couple, stability, structure, stoichiometry, binding modes, etc. Interestingly, pentavalent uranium complexes with PCs are quite persistent over a wide range of pH starting from acidic to alkaline conditions. The PC chelators block the cation-cation interaction (CCI) of U(V) through strong hetero-bidentate chelation and intermolecular hydrogen bonding (IMHB) interactions which stabilize the pentavalent metal ion against disproportionation. For uranyl species in the presence of PCs, acting as chelators, CV plots were obtained at varying pH values from 2 to 8. The obtained results indicate an irreversible single redox peak involving U(VI) to U(V) conversion and association of a coupled chemical reaction with the electron transfer step. ESI-MS studies were performed to understand the speciation effect on the U(VI)/U(V) redox couple with varying pH. Speciation modelling of U(V) with the PC ligands was carried out, which indicated that the U(V) is redox stable in nearly 47% of the pH region in the presence of the PCs as compared to the carboxylate-based chelators. The free energy and reduction potential of the U(V) complexes and the reduction free energy and disproportionation free energy for the U(VI)/U(V) couple were determined by DFT computations in the presence of the PCs. In situ spectroelectrochemical spectra were recorded to provide evidence for the existence of U(V) species with PCs in the aqueous medium and to acquire its absorption spectra. The present study is highly significant for understanding the coordination chemistry of pentavalent uranium species, accurate modelling of uranium, and isolation of U(V).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Srivastava
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India-400085.
| | - Sk Musharaf Ali
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India-400085
| | | | - Sumit Kumar
- Radioanalytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India-400085
| | - Pranaw Kumar
- Fuel Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India-400085
| | - Neetika Rawat
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India-400085.
| | - P K Mohapatra
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India-400085.
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10
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Cheng Y, Ma H. Renormalized-Residue-Based Multireference Configuration Interaction Method for Strongly Correlated Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:1988-2009. [PMID: 38380619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The implementation of multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) methods in quantum systems with large active spaces is hindered by the expansion of configuration bases or the intricate handling of reduced density matrices (RDMs). In this work, we present a spin-adapted renormalized-residue-based MRCI (RR-MRCI) approach that leverages renormalized residues to effectively capture the entanglement between active and inactive orbitals. This approach is reinforced by a novel efficient algorithm, which also facilitates an efficient deployment of spin-adapted matrix product state MRCI (MPS-MRCI). The RR-MRCI framework possesses several advantages: (1) It considers the orbital entanglement and utilizes highly compressed MPS structure, improving computational accuracy and efficiency compared with internally contracted (ic) MRCI. (2) Utilizing small-sized buffer environments of a few external orbitals as probes based on quantum information theory, it enhances computational efficiency over MPS-MRCI and offers potential application to large molecular systems. (3) The RR framework can be implemented in conjunction with ic-MRCI, eliminating the need for high-rank RDMs, by using distinct renormalized residues. We evaluated this method across nine diverse molecular systems, including Cu2O22+ with an active space of (24e,24o) and two complexes of lanthanide and actinide with active space (38e,36o), demonstrating the method's versatility and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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11
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Murillo J, Seed JA, Wooles AJ, Oakley MS, Goodwin CAP, Gregson M, Dan D, Chilton NF, Gaunt AJ, Kozimor SA, Liddle ST, Scott BL. Carbene Complexes of Plutonium: Structure, Bonding, and Divergent Reactivity to Lanthanide Analogs. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4098-4111. [PMID: 38301208 PMCID: PMC10870714 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Organoplutonium chemistry was established in 1965, yet structurally authenticated plutonium-carbon bonds remain rare being limited to π-bonded carbocycle and σ-bonded isonitrile and hydrocarbyl derivatives. Thus, plutonium-carbenes, including alkylidenes and N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), are unknown. Here, we report the preparation and characterization of the diphosphoniomethanide-plutonium complex [Pu(BIPMTMSH)(I)(μ-I)]2 (1Pu, BIPMTMSH = (Me3SiNPPh2)2CH) and the diphosphonioalkylidene-plutonium complexes [Pu(BIPMTMS)(I)(DME)] (2Pu, BIPMTMS = (Me3SiNPPh2)2C) and [Pu(BIPMTMS)(I)(IMe4)2] (3Pu, IMe4 = C(NMeCMe)2), thus disclosing non-actinyl transneptunium multiple bonds and transneptunium NHC complexes. These Pu-C double and dative bonds, along with cerium, praseodymium, samarium, uranium, and neptunium congeners, enable lanthanide-actinide and actinide-actinide comparisons between metals with similar ionic radii and isoelectronic 4f5 vs 5f5 electron-counts within conserved ligand fields over 12 complexes. Quantum chemical calculations reveal that the orbital-energy and spatial-overlap terms increase from uranium to neptunium; however, on moving to plutonium the orbital-energy matching improves but the spatial overlap decreases. The bonding picture that emerges is more complex than the traditional picture of the bonding of lanthanides being ionic and early actinides being more covalent but becoming more ionic left to right. Multiconfigurational calculations on 2M and 3M (M = Pu, Sm) account for the considerably more complex UV/vis/NIR spectra for 5f5 2Pu and 3Pu compared to 4f5 2Sm and 3Sm. Supporting the presence of Pu═C double bonds in 2Pu and 3Pu, 2Pu exhibits metallo-Wittig bond metathesis involving the highest atomic number element to date, reacting with benzaldehyde to produce the alkene PhC(H)═C(PPh2NSiMe3)2 (4) and "PuOI". In contrast, 2Ce and 2Pr do not react with benzaldehyde to produce 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Murillo
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - John A. Seed
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Meagan S. Oakley
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Conrad A. P. Goodwin
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Matthew Gregson
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - David Dan
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans
Creek Road, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Gaunt
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Chemistry
Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department
of Chemistry and Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Brian L. Scott
- Materials
Physics & Applications Division, Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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12
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Wedal JC, Moore WNG, Lukens WW, Evans WJ. Perplexing EPR Signals from 5f 36d 1 U(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2945-2953. [PMID: 38279200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Metal complexes with unpaired electrons in orbitals of different angular momentum quantum numbers (e.g., f and d orbitals) are unusual and opportunities to study the interactions among these electrons are rare. X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) data were collected at <10 and 77 K on 10 U(II) complexes with 5f36d1 electron configurations and on some analogous Ce(II), Pr(II), and Nd(II) complexes with 4fn5d1 electron configurations. The U(II) compounds unexpectedly display similar two-line axial signals with g|| = 2.04 and g⊥ = 2.00 at 77 K. In contrast, U(II) complexes with 5f4 configurations are EPR-silent. Unlike U(II), the congenic 4f35d1 Nd(II) complex is EPR-silent. The Ce(II) complex with a 4f15d1 configuration is also EPR-silent, but a signal is observed for the Pr(II) complex, which has a 4f25d1 configuration. Whether or not an EPR signal is expected for these complexes depends on the coupling between f and d electrons. Since the coupling in U(II) systems is expected to be sufficiently strong to preclude an EPR signal from compounds with a 5f36d1 configuration, the results are viewed as unexplained phenomena. However, they do show that 5f36d1 U(II) samples can be differentiated from 5f4 U(II) complexes by EPR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Wedal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - William N G Moore
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Wayne W Lukens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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13
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Song Y, Huang W, Liu C, Lei Y, Suo B, Ma H. Spin-Adapted Externally Contracted Multireference Configuration Interaction Method Based on Selected Reference Configurations. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:958-971. [PMID: 38272019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
As one kind of approximation of the full configuration interaction solution, the selected configuration interaction (sCI) methods have been shown to be valuable for large active spaces. However, the inclusion of dynamic correlation beyond large active spaces is necessary for more quantitative results. Since the sCI wave function can provide a compact reference for multireference methods, previously, we proposed an externally contracted multireference configuration interaction method using the sCI reference reconstructed from the density matrix renormalization group wave function [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2018, 14, 4747-4755]. The DMRG2sCI-EC-MRCI method is promising for dealing with more than 30 active orbitals and large basis sets. However, it suffers from two drawbacks: spin contamination and low efficiency when using Slater determinant bases. To solve these problems, in this work, we adopt configuration state function bases and introduce a new algorithm based on the hybrid of tree structure for convenient configuration space management and the graphical unitary group approach for efficient matrix element calculation. The test calculation of naphthalene shows that the spin-adapted version could achieve a speed-up of 6.0 compared with the previous version based on the Slater determinant. Examples of dinuclear copper(II) compound as well as Ln(III) and An(III) complexes show that the sCI-EC-MRCI can give quantitatively accurate results by including dynamic correlation over sCI for systems with large active spaces and basis sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxuan Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chungen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Lei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingbing Suo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers, Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Ma
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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14
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Patra K, Brennessel WW, Matson EM. Molybdenum sulphide clusters as redox-active supports for low-valent uranium. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:530-533. [PMID: 38053465 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05561b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of an actinide substituted cubane cluster, (Cp*3Mo3S4)Cp*UI2, and its reduced derivatives are reported. Structural and spectroscopic investigations provide insight into the unique interactions between the actinide and its redox-active molybdenum sulphide metalloligand, serving as a model to study atomically-dispersed, low-valent actinide ions on MoS2 surfaces. To probe the ability of the assembly to facilitate multielectron small molecule activation, the reactivity of the fully-reduced cluster, (Cp*3Mo3S4)Cp*U, with azobenzene was investigated. Addition of the substrate results in the formation of a cis-bis-imido cluster, (Cp*3Mo3S4)Cp*U(NPh)2. Cooperative reactivity between the actinide and redox-active support facilitates the 4e--reduction of substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamaless Patra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | | | - Ellen M Matson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
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15
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Arteaga A, Nicholas AD, Sinnwell MA, McNamara BK, Buck EC, Surbella RG. Expanding the Transuranic Metal-Organic Framework Portfolio: The Optical Properties of Americium(III) MOF-76. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21036-21043. [PMID: 38038352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Reported is the synthesis, crystal structure, and solid-state characterization of a new americium containing metal-organic framework (MOF), [Am(C9H3O6)(H2O)], MOF-76(Am). This material is constructed from Am3+ metal centers and 1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC) ligands, forming a porous three-dimensional framework that is isostructural with several known trivalent lanthanide (Ln) analogs (e.g., Ce, Nd, and Sm-Lu). The Am3+ ions have seven coordinates and assume a distorted, capped trigonal prismatic geometry with C1 symmetry. The Am3+-O bonds were studied via infrared spectroscopy and compared to several MOF-76(Ln) analogs, where Ln = Nd3+, Eu3+, Tb3+, and Ho3+. The results show that the strength of the ligand carboxylate stretching and bending modes increase with Nd3+ < Eu3+ < Am3+ < Tb3+ < Ho3+, suggesting the metal-oxygen bonds are predominantly ionic. Optical absorbance spectroscopy measurements reveal strong f-f transitions; some exhibit pronounced crystal field splitting. The photoluminescence spectrum contains weak Am3+-based emission that is achieved through direct and indirect metal center excitation. The weak emissive behavior is somewhat surprising given that ligand-to-metal resonance energy transfer is efficient in the isoelectronic Eu3+ (4f6) and related Tb3+ (4f8) analogs. The optical properties were explored further within a series of heterometallic MOF-76(Tb1-xAmx) (x = 0.8, 0.2, and 0.1) samples, and the results reveal enhanced Am3+ photoluminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Arteaga
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Aaron D Nicholas
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Michael A Sinnwell
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Bruce K McNamara
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Edgar C Buck
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Robert G Surbella
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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16
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Yao YR, Zhao J, Meng Q, Hu HS, Guo M, Yan Y, Zhuang J, Yang S, Fortier S, Echegoyen L, Schwarz WHE, Li J, Chen N. Synthesis and Characterization of U≡C Triple Bonds in Fullerene Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25440-25449. [PMID: 37955678 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite decades of efforts, the actinide-carbon triple bond has remained an elusive target, defying synthesis in any isolable compound. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of uranium-carbon triple bonds in carbide-bridged bimetallic [U≡C-Ce] units encapsulated inside the fullerene cages of C72 and C78. The molecular structures of UCCe@C2n and the nature of the U≡C triple bond were characterized through X-ray crystallography and various spectroscopic analyses, revealing very short uranium-carbon bonds of 1.921(6) and 1.930(6) Å, with the metals existing in their highest oxidation states of +6 and +4 for uranium and cerium, respectively. Quantum-chemical studies further demonstrate that the C2n cages are crucial for stabilizing the [UVI≡C-CeIV] units through covalent and coordinative interactions. This work offers a new fundamental understanding of the elusive uranium-carbon triple bond and informs the design of complexes with similar bonding motifs, opening up new possibilities for creating distinctive molecular compounds and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Rong Yao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingyu Meng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Min Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yingjing Yan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiaxin Zhuang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shangfeng Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Skye Fortier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Luis Echegoyen
- Institut Catalá d'Investigació Química, Ave. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - W H Eugen Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Siegen, Siegen 57068, Germany
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ning Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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17
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Terhorst J, Corcovilos TA, van Stipdonk MJ. Conversion of a UO 22+ Precursor to UH + and U + Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry to Remove Both "yl" Oxo Ligands. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2439-2442. [PMID: 37843495 PMCID: PMC10623558 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple-stage collision-induced dissociation (CID) of a uranyl propiolate cation, [UO2(O2C-C≡CH)]+, can be used to prepare the U-methylidyne species [O═U≡CH]+ [J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 2019, 30, 796-805]. Here, we report that CID of [O═U≡CH]+ causes elimination of CO to create [UH]+, followed by a loss of H• to generate U+. A feasible, multiple-step pathway for the generation of [UH]+ was identified using DFT calculations. These results provide the first demonstration that multiple-stage CID can be used to prepare both U+ and UH+ directly from a UO22+ precursor for the subsequent investigation of ion-molecule reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin
G. Terhorst
- Department
of Chemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Theodore A. Corcovilos
- Department
of Physics, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
| | - Michael J. van Stipdonk
- Department
of Chemistry, Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States
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18
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Du J, Hurd J, Seed JA, Balázs G, Scheer M, Adams RW, Lee D, Liddle ST. 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Probe of Thorium-Phosphorus Bond Covalency: Correlating Phosphorus Chemical Shift to Metal-Phosphorus Bond Order. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21766-21784. [PMID: 37768555 PMCID: PMC10571089 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of solution and solid-state 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy combined with Density Functional Theory calculations to benchmark the covalency of actinide-phosphorus bonds, thus introducing 31P NMR spectroscopy to the investigation of molecular f-element chemical bond covalency. The 31P NMR data for [Th(PH2)(TrenTIPS)] (1, TrenTIPS = {N(CH2CH2NSiPri3)3}3-), [Th(PH)(TrenTIPS)][Na(12C4)2] (2, 12C4 = 12-crown-4 ether), [{Th(TrenTIPS)}2(μ-PH)] (3), and [{Th(TrenTIPS)}2(μ-P)][Na(12C4)2] (4) demonstrate a chemical shift anisotropy (CSA) ordering of (μ-P)3- > (═PH)2- > (μ-PH)2- > (-PH2)1- and for 4 the largest CSA for any bridging phosphido unit. The B3LYP functional with 50% Hartree-Fock mixing produced spin-orbit δiso values that closely match the experimental data, providing experimentally benchmarked quantification of the nature and extent of covalency in the Th-P linkages in 1-4 via Natural Bond Orbital and Natural Localized Molecular Orbital analyses. Shielding analysis revealed that the 31P δiso values are essentially only due to the nature of the Th-P bonds in 1-4, with largely invariant diamagnetic but variable paramagnetic and spin-orbit shieldings that reflect the Th-P bond multiplicities and s-orbital mediated transmission of spin-orbit effects from Th to P. This study has permitted correlation of Th-P δiso values to Mayer bond orders, revealing qualitative correlations generally, but which should be examined with respect to specific ancillary ligand families rather than generally to be quantitative, reflecting that 31P δiso values are a very sensitive reporter due to phosphorus being a soft donor that responds to the rest of the ligand field much more than stronger, harder donors like nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhen Du
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Joseph Hurd
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - John A. Seed
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Gábor Balázs
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Scheer
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralph W. Adams
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, U.K.
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19
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Li T, Wang D, Heng Y, Hou G, Zi G, Walter MD. Reactivity of a Lewis base-supported uranium terminal imido metallocene towards small molecules. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13618-13630. [PMID: 37698550 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02165c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The Lewis base-supported uranium terminal imido metallocene [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(dmap) (1) readily reacts with various small molecules such as internal alkynes, isothiocyanates, thioketones, amidates, organic nitriles and imines, chlorosilanes, copper iodide, diphenyl disulfide, organic azides and diazoalkane derivatives. For example, treatment of 1 with PhCCCCPh and PhNCS forms metallaheterocycles originating from a [2 + 2] cycloaddition to yield [η5-1-(p-tolyl)NC(Ph)CHCC(Ph)CH2Si(Me)2-2,4-(Me3Si)2C5H2][η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]U (2) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[N(p-tolyl)C(NPh)S](dmap) (3), respectively. The reaction of 1 with the thioketone Ph2CS forms the known uranium sulfido complex [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2US(dmap) (4), which reacts with a second molecule of Ph2CS to give the disulfido compound [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U(S2CPh2) (5). The imido moiety also promotes deprotonation reactions as illustrated in the reactions with the amide PhCONH(p-tolyl), the nitrile PhCH2CN and the imine (p-tolyl)2CNH to form the bis-amidate [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[OC(Ph)N(p-tolyl)]2 (7), and the iminato complexes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[N(p-tolyl)C(CH2Ph)NH](NCCHPh) (8) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U[NH(p-tolyl)][NC(p-tolyl)2] (9), respectively. Addition of PhSiH2Cl to 1 yields [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U(Cl)[N(p-tolyl)SiH2Ph] (10). In contrast, the uranium(V) imido complexes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(I) (11) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(SPh) (12), may be isolated upon addition of CuI or Ph2S2 to 1, respectively. Uranium(VI) bis-imido metallocenes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)(NR) (R = p-tolyl (13), mesityl (14)) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UN(p-tolyl)[NN(9-C13H8)] (15) are accessible from 1 on exposure to RN3 (R = p-tolyl, mesityl) and 9-diazofluorene, respectively. Complexes 2, 3, 5, and 7-15 were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and, in addition, compounds 2, 3, 5, and 7-13 were structurally authenticated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yi Heng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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20
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Yang Y, Wei S, Zhao Z, Chen J, Wang J, Hu H, Minasian SG, Sun T. Synthesis, Structure, and Theoretical Calculations on NpO 2Br 42. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:13953-13963. [PMID: 37584949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The actinide-halogen complexes (AnO2X42-, X = Cl, Br, and I) are the simplest and most representative compounds for studying the bonding nature of actinides with ligands. In this work, we attempted to synthesize the crystals of NpO2X42- (X = Cl, Br, and I). The crystals of NpO2Cl42- and NpO2Br42- were successfully synthesized, in which the structure of NpO2Br42- was obtained for the first time. The crystal of NpO2I42- could not be obtained due to the rapid reduction of Np(VI) to Np(V) by I-. The molecular structures of NpO2Cl42- and NpO2Br42- were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and infrared, Raman, and UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy. The complexes of NpO2X42- (X = Cl, Br, and I) were also investigated by density functional theory calculations, and the calculated vibration frequencies and absorption features were comparable to the experimental results. Both the experimental results and theoretical calculations demonstrate the strengthened Np-O bonds and the weakened Np-X bonds across the NpO2X42- series; however, the population analysis on the frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) of NpO2X42- indicates a slight reduction in the Np-O bonding covalency and an enhancement in the Np-X bonding covalency from NpO2Cl42- to NpO2I42-. Results in this work have enriched the crystal database of the AnO2X42- family and provided insights into the bonding nature in the actinide complexes with soft- and hard-donor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Yang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shiru Wei
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhijin Zhao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianchen Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hanshi Hu
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Stefan G Minasian
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Taoxiang Sun
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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21
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Li T, Wang D, Heng Y, Hou G, Zi G, Ding W, Walter MD. A Comprehensive Study Concerning the Synthesis, Structure, and Reactivity of Terminal Uranium Oxido, Sulfido, and Selenido Metallocenes. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37376858 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Terminal uranium oxido, sulfido, and selenido metallocenes were synthesized, and their reactivity was comprehensively studied. Heating of an equimolar mixture of [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2UMe2 (2) and [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U(NH-p-tolyl)2 (3) in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (dmap) in refluxing toluene forms [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U═N(p-tolyl)(dmap) (4), which is a useful precursor for the preparation of the terminal uranium oxido, sulfido, and selenido metallocenes [η5-1,2,4-(Me3Si)3C5H2]2U═E(dmap) (E = O (5), S (6), Se (7)) employing a cycloaddition-elimination methodology with Ph2C═E (E = O, S) or (p-MeOPh)2CSe, respectively. Metallocenes 5-7 are inert toward alkynes, but they act as nucleophiles in the presence of alkylsilyl halides. The oxido and sulfido metallocenes 5 and 6 undergo [2 + 2] cycloadditions with isothiocyanate PhNCS or CS2, while the selenido derivative 7 does not. The experimental studies are complemented by density functional theory (DFT) computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Dongwei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yi Heng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohua Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guofu Zi
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wanjian Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Marc D Walter
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universitüt Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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22
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Neptunyl(VI) Nitrate Coordination Polymer with Bis(2-pyrrolidone) Linkers Highlighting Crystallographic Analogy and Solubility Difference in Actinyl(VI) Nitrates. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11030104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
NpO2(NO3)2 units are connected by bis(2-pyrrolidone) linker molecules with the trans-1,4-cyclohexyl bridging part (L1) to form a one-dimensional coordination polymer, [NpO2(NO3)2(L1)]n. Molecular and crystal structures of this compound are nearly identical to that of the UO22+ analogue, while its aqueous solubility is greatly enhanced, probably owing to weaker thermodynamic stability of the complexation in NpO22+ compared with that in UO22+.
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23
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Niklas JE, Studvick CM, Bacsa J, Popov IA, La Pierre HS. Ligand Control of Oxidation and Crystallographic Disorder in the Isolation of Hexavalent Uranium Mono-Oxo Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2304-2316. [PMID: 36668669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-valent transuranic chemistry requires robust methodologies to access and fully characterize reactive species. We have recently demonstrated that the reducing nature of imidophosphorane ligands supports the two-electron oxidation of U4+ to U6+ and established the use of this ligand to evaluate the inverse-trans-influence (ITI) in actinide metal-ligand multiple bond (MLMB) complexes. To extend this methodology and analysis to transuranic complexes, new small-scale synthetic strategies and lower-symmetry ligand derivatives are necessary to improve crystallinity and reduce crystallographic disorder. To this end, the synthesis of two new imidophosphorane ligands, [N═PtBu(pip)2]- (NPC1) and [N═PtBu(pyrr)2]- (NPC2) (pip = piperidinyl; pyrr = pyrrolidinyl), is presented, which break pseudo-C3 axes in the tetravalent complexes, U[NPC1]4 and U[NPC2]4. The reaction of these complexes with two-electron oxygen-atom-transfer reagents (N2O, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and 2,3:5,6-dibenzo-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene (dbabhNO)) yields the U6+ mono-oxo complexes U(O)[NPC1]4 and U(O)[NPC2]4. This methodology is optimized for direct translation to transuranic elements. Of the two ligands, the NPC2 framework is most suitable for facilitating detailed bonding analysis and assessment of the ITI. Theoretical evaluation of the U-(NPC) bonding confirms a substantial difference between axially and equatorially bonded N atoms, revealing markedly more covalent U-Nax interactions. The U 6d + 5f combined contribution for U-Nax is nearly double that of U-Neq, accounting for ITI shortening and increased bond order of the axial bond. Two distinct N-atom hybridizations in the pyrrolidine/piperidine rings are noted across the complexes, with approximate sp2 and sp3 configurations describing the slightly shorter P-N"planar" and slightly longer P-N"pyramidal" bonds, respectively. In all complexes, the NPC2 ligands feature more planar N atoms than NPC1, in accordance with a higher electron-donating capacity of the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Niklas
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Chad M Studvick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3601, United States
| | - John Bacsa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
| | - Ivan A Popov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3601, United States
| | - Henry S La Pierre
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States.,Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0400, United States
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24
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Wedal JC, Murillo J, Ziller JW, Scott BL, Gaunt AJ, Evans WJ. Synthesis of Trimethyltriazacyclohexane (Me 3tach) Sandwich Complexes of Uranium, Neptunium, and Plutonium Triiodides: (Me 3tach) 2AnI 3. Inorg Chem 2022; 62:5897-5905. [PMID: 36576312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
1,3,5-Trimethyl-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (Me3tach) readily complexes uranium triiodide to form (Me3tach)2UI3. The complex is soluble in THF and arenes and can function as a source of UI3 to form organometallic U(III) complexes. When dissolved in pyridine (py), (Me3tach)2UI3 forms (Me3tach)UI3(py)2. A related complex with the larger 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me3tacn) ligand, namely (Me3tacn)UI3(THF), was synthesized for comparison. Since X-ray quality crystals of (Me3tach)2UI3 can be synthesized in high yield even with small-scale reactions, the system is ideal for extension to transuranium elements. Accordingly, the neptunium and plutonium complexes (Me3tach)2NpI3 and (Me3tach)2PuI3 were synthesized in an analogous manner from NpI3(THF)4 and PuI3(THF)4, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C Wedal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jesse Murillo
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials Physics & Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
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25
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Ferrier MG, Childs BC, Silva CM, Greenough MM, Moore EE, Swift AJ, Di Pietro SA, Martin AA, Jeffries JR, Holliday KS. Unconventional Pathways to Carbide Phase Synthesis via Thermal Decomposition of UI 4(1,4-dioxane) 2. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17579-17589. [PMID: 36269886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UI4(1,4-dioxane)2 was subjected to laser-based heating─a method that enables localized, fast heating (T > 2000 °C) and rapid cooling under controlled conditions (scan rate, power, atmosphere, etc.)─to understand its thermal decomposition. A predictive computational thermodynamic technique estimated the decomposition temperature of UI4(1,4-dioxane)2 to uranium (U) metal to be 2236 °C, a temperature achievable under laser irradiation. Dictated by the presence of reactive, gaseous byproducts, the thermal decomposition of UI4(1,4-dioxane)2 under furnace conditions up to 600 °C revealed the formation of UO2, UIx, and U(C1-xOx)y, while under laser irradiation, UI4(1,4-dioxane)2 decomposed to UO2, U(C1-xOx)y, UC2-zOz, and UC. Despite the fast dynamics associated with laser irradiation, the central uranium atom reacted with the thermal decomposition products of the ligand (1,4-dioxane = C4H8O2) instead of producing pure U metal. The results highlight the potential to co-develop uranium precursors with specific irradiation procedures to advance nuclear materials research by finding new pathways to produce uranium carbide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryline G Ferrier
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Bradley C Childs
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Chinthaka M Silva
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Michelle M Greenough
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Emily E Moore
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Andrew J Swift
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Silvina A Di Pietro
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Aiden A Martin
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Jason R Jeffries
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
| | - Kiel S Holliday
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
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26
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Vitova T, Faizova R, Amaro-Estrada JI, Maron L, Pruessmann T, Neill T, Beck A, Schacherl B, Tirani FF, Mazzanti M. The mechanism of Fe induced bond stability of uranyl(v). Chem Sci 2022; 13:11038-11047. [PMID: 36320468 PMCID: PMC9517057 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03416f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The stabilization of uranyl(v) (UO2 1 + ) by Fe(ii) in natural systems remains an open question in uranium chemistry. Stabilization of UVO2 1+ by Fe(ii) against disproportionation was also demonstrated in molecular complexes. However, the relation between the Fe(ii) induced stability and the change of the bonding properties have not been elucidated up to date. We demonstrate that U(v) - oaxial bond covalency decreases upon binding to Fe(ii) inducing redirection of electron density from the U(v) - oaxial bond towards the U(v) - equatorial bonds thereby increasing bond covalency. Our results indicate that such increased covalent interaction of U(v) with the equatorial ligands resulting from iron binding lead to higher stability of uranyl(v). For the first time a combination of U M4,5 high energy resolution X-ray absorption near edge structure (HR-XANES) and valence band resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (VB-RIXS) and ab initio multireference CASSCF and DFT based computations were applied to establish the electronic structure of iron-bound uranyl(v).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya Vitova
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE) P.O. 3640 D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Radmila Faizova
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jorge I Amaro-Estrada
- LPCNO, University of Toulouse INSA Toulouse 135, Avenue de Rangueil Toulouse Cedex 31077 France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, University of Toulouse INSA Toulouse 135, Avenue de Rangueil Toulouse Cedex 31077 France
| | - Tim Pruessmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE) P.O. 3640 D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Thomas Neill
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE) P.O. 3640 D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Aaron Beck
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE) P.O. 3640 D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Bianca Schacherl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal (INE) P.O. 3640 D-76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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27
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Sethi S, Panigrahi R, Mallik BS, Behera N. Novel Heteroleptic Uranyl(VI) Complexes Incorporating Tetradentate and Bidentate Chelating Ligands: Deviation from the O
yl
‐U‐O
yl
Linearity. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sipun Sethi
- School of Chemistry Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar- 768019 Sambalpur Odisha India
| | - Rachita Panigrahi
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana India
| | - Bhabani S. Mallik
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi 502285 Sangareddy, Telangana India
| | - Nabakrushna Behera
- School of Chemistry Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar- 768019 Sambalpur Odisha India
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28
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Rupasinghe DMRYP, Baxter MR, Gupta H, Poore AT, Higgins RF, Zeller M, Tian S, Schelter EJ, Bart SC. Actinide-Oxygen Multiple Bonds from Air: Synthesis and Characterization of a Thorium Oxo Supported by Redox-Active Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:17423-17431. [PMID: 36122408 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The first non-uranyl, f-element oxo complex synthesized from dioxygen in dry air is presented in this work. The synthesis was accomplished by treating the redox-active thorium amidophenolate complex, [Th(dippap)3][K(15-c-5)2]2 (1-ap crown), with dioxygen in dry air, forming a rare terminal thorium oxo, [O═Th(dippisq)2(dippap)][K(15-c-5)2]2 (2-oxo). Compound 1-ap crown was regenerated by treating 2-oxo with potassium graphite. X-ray crystallography of 2-oxo revealed a comparatively longer bond length for the thorium-oxygen double bond when compared to other thorium oxos. As such, several thorium-oxygen single bonds were synthesized for comparison, including Th(dippisq)2(OSiMe3)2(THF) (4-OSiMe3), Th(OSiMe3)4(bipy)2 (5-OSiMe3), and [Th(OH)2 (dippHap)4][K(15-c-5)2]2 (6-OH). Full spectroscopic and structural characterization of the complexes was performed via 1H NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, EPR spectroscopy, and electronic absorption spectroscopy as well as SQUID magnetometry, which all confirmed the electronic structure of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Ramitha Y P Rupasinghe
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Makayla R Baxter
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Himanshu Gupta
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Andrew T Poore
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Robert F Higgins
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Shiliang Tian
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Suzanne C Bart
- H. C. Brown Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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29
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Uranyl Analogue Complexes—Current Progress and Synthetic Challenges. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10080121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uranyl ions, {UO2}n+ (n = 1, 2), display trans, strongly covalent, and chemically robust U-O multiple bonds, where 6d, 5f, and 6p orbitals play important roles. The synthesis of isoelectronic analogues of uranyl has been of interest for quite some time, mainly with the purpose of unveiling covalence and 5f-orbital participation in bonding. Significant advances have occurred in the last two decades, initially marked by the synthesis of uranium(VI) bis(imido) complexes, the first analogues with a {RNUNR}2+ core, later followed by the synthesis of unique trans-{EUO}2+ (E = S, Se) complexes, and recently highlighted by the synthesis of the first complexes featuring a linear {NUN} moiety. This review covers the synthesis, structure, bonding, and reactivity of uranium complexes containing a linear {EUE}n+ core (n = 0, 1, 2), isoelectronic to uranyl ions, {OUO}n+ (n = 1, 2), incorporating σ- and π-donating ligands that can engage in uranium–ligand multiple bonding, where oxygen may be replaced by heavier chalcogenido, imido, nitride, and carbene ligands, or by a transition metal. It focuses on synthetic methods of well-defined molecular uranium species in the condensed phase but also references gas-phase and low-temperature-matrix experiments, as well as computational studies that may lead to valuable insights.
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30
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Seed JA, Vondung L, Barton F, Wooles AJ, Lu E, Gregson M, Adams RW, Liddle ST. A Series of Rare‐Earth Mesoionic Carbene Complexes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200761. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John A. Seed
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Lisa Vondung
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Franky Barton
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ashley J. Wooles
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Erli Lu
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Matthew Gregson
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Ralph W. Adams
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- Department of Chemistry The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
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31
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Jennifer G A, Gao Y, Schreckenbach G, Varathan E. Chemical bonding in actinyl(V/VI) dipyriamethyrin complexes for the actinide series from americium to californium: a computational investigation. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10006-10019. [PMID: 35703365 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01142e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The separation of minor actinides in their dioxocation (i.e., actinyl) form in high-valence oxidation states requires efficient ligands for their complexation. In this work, we evaluate the complexation properties of actinyls including americyl, curyl, berkelyl, and californyl in their pentavalent and hexavalent oxidation states with the dipyriamethyrin ligand (L) using density functional theory calculations. The calculated bond parameters show shorter AnOyl bonds with covalent character and longer An-N bonds with ionic character. The bonding between the actinyl cation and the ligand anion shows a flow of charges from the ligand to actinyl in all [AnV/VIO2-L]1-/0 complexes. However, across the series, backdonation of charges from the metal to the ligand becomes prominent and stabilizes the complexes. The thermodynamic parameters in the gas phase and solution suggest that the complex formation reaction is spontaneous for [CfV/VIO2-L]1-/0 complexes and spontaneous at elevated temperatures (>298.15 K) for all other complexes. Spin-orbit corrections have a quantitative impact while the overall trend remains the same. Energy decomposition analysis (EDA) reveals that the interaction between actinyl and the ligand is mainly due to electrostatic contributions that decrease from Am to Cf along with an increase in orbital contributions due to the backdonation of charges from the actinyl metal center to the ligand that greatly stabilizes the Cf complex. The repulsive Pauli energy contribution is observed to increase in the case of [AnVO2-L]1- complexes from Am to Cf while a decrease is observed among [AnVIO2-L]0 complexes, showing minimum repulsion in [CfVIO2-L]0 complex formation. Overall, the hexavalent actinyl complexes show greater stability (increasing from Am to Cf) than their pentavalent counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Jennifer G
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada. .,Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS)-Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Varennes, QC, J3X 1P7, Canada.,Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, China
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Elumalai Varathan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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32
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Zhao Y, Qu J, Li H, Li P, Liu T, Chen Z, Zhai T. Atomically Dispersed Uranium Enables an Unprecedentedly High NH 3 Yield Rate. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4475-4481. [PMID: 35604434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The low NH3 yield rate is a grand challenge for electrocatalytic N2 reduction to NH3. Herein, we report the first uranium single-atom catalyst (SAC) capable of catalyzing the electrochemical N2 reduction reaction (NRR). The uranium SAC features a low limiting potential (<0.5 V) and near-zero free energy changes for N2 adsorption and NH3 desorption. The integration of these merits enables the uranium SAC to afford an unprecedentedly high NH3 yield rate, 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than that of the Ru(0001) surface, which is widely recognized as an excellent NRR electrocatalyst. Further theoretical analysis reveals that the N2 reduction catalyzed by the uranium SAC is synergistically regulated by the d and f electrons of atomic uranium. This work proposes a promising solution (that is, atomically dispersed uranium) to the daunting challenge associated with the low NH3 yield rate, thus enabling the scalable production of NH3 via electrochemical N2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingyu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Haobo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Pengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Teng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Zhongfang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931, United States
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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33
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A uranium(
IV
) alkyl complex: Synthesis and catalytic property in carbonyl hydroboration. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Hakey BM, Leary DC, Lopez LM, Valerio LR, Brennessel WW, Milsmann C, Matson EM. Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridine Dipyrrolide Uranyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:6182-6192. [PMID: 35420825 PMCID: PMC9044449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The first actinide complexes of the pyridine dipyrrolide (PDP) ligand class, (MesPDPPh)UO2(THF) and (Cl2PhPDPPh)UO2(THF), are reported as the UVI uranyl adducts of the bulky aryl substituted pincers (MesPDPPh)2- and (Cl2PhPDPPh)2- (derived from 2,6-bis(5-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine (H2MesPDPPh, Mes = 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl), and 2,6-bis(5-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)pyridine (H2Cl2PhPDPPh, Cl2Ph = 2,6-dichlorophenyl), respectively). Following the in situ deprotonation of the proligand with lithium hexamethyldisilazide to generate the corresponding dilithium salts (e.g., Li2ArPDPPh, Ar = Mes of Cl2Ph), salt metathesis with [UO2Cl2(THF)2]2 afforded both compounds in moderate yields. The characterization of each species has been undertaken by a combination of solid- and solution-state methods, including combustion analysis, infrared, electronic absorption, and NMR spectroscopies. In both complexes, single-crystal X-ray diffraction has revealed a distorted octahedral geometry in the solid state, enforced by the bite angle of the rigid meridional (ArPDPPh)2- pincer ligand. The electrochemical analysis of both compounds by cyclic voltammetry in tetrahydrofuran (THF) reveals rich redox profiles, including events assigned as UVI/UV redox couples. A time-dependent density functional theory study has been performed on (MesPDPPh)UO2(THF) and provides insight into the nature of the transitions that comprise its electronic absorption spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett M Hakey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Dylan C Leary
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Lauren M Lopez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Leyla R Valerio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Carsten Milsmann
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Ellen M Matson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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35
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Abstract
Neptunium was the first actinide element to be artificially synthesized, yet, compared with its more famous neighbours uranium and plutonium, is less conspicuously studied. Most neptunium chemistry involves the neptunyl di(oxo)-motif, and transuranic compounds with one metal-ligand multiple bond are rare, being found only in extended-structure oxide, fluoride or oxyhalide materials. These combinations stabilize the required high oxidation states, which are otherwise challenging to realize for transuranic ions. Here we report the synthesis, isolation and characterization of a stable molecular neptunium(V)-mono(oxo) triamidoamine complex. We describe a strong Np≡O triple bond with dominant 5f-orbital contributions and σu > πu energy ordering, akin to terminal uranium-nitrides and di(oxo)-actinyls, but not the uranium-mono(oxo) triple bonds or other actinide multiple bonds reported so far. This work demonstrates that molecular high-oxidation-state transuranic complexes with a single metal-ligand bond can be stabilized and studied in isolation.
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Matveeva AG, Vologzhanina AV, Pasechnik MP, Aysin RR, Matveev SV, Zubavichus YV, Artyushin OI, Sharova EV, Godovikov IA, Brel VK. Competing N vs. P(O),C(O)-coordination in complexes of mono- and bis-1,2,3-triazole ligands modified by carbamoylmethylphosphine oxide fragments with palladium(II), uranyl(II), and lanthanum(III): solid and solution structures. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Whitefoot MA, Perales D, Zeller M, Bart SC. Synthesis of Non-Aqueous Neptunium(III) Halide Solvates from NpO 2. Chemistry 2021; 27:18054-18057. [PMID: 34643978 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two Np(III) halides, NpI3 (THF)4 and NpBr3 (THF)4 , have been prepared and isolated in high yields as described in this work. Starting with neptunia (NpO2 ), NpCl4 (DME)2 was first generated in an updated, higher yielding synthesis than what was previously reported by using HCl/HF. This material was then reduced with KC8 , followed by subsequent ligand exchange, to generate NpBr3 (THF)4 and NpI3 -(THF)4 . Full characterization by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, 1 H NMR spectroscopy and electronic absorption spectroscopy confirmed the molecular formulas and oxidation states. These trivalent materials are straightforward to synthesize and can be used as starting materials for non-aqueous Np(III) chemistry, obviating the need for rare and restricted Np metal and elemental halogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Whitefoot
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, H. C. Brown Laboratory, 560 Oval Dr, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Diana Perales
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, H. C. Brown Laboratory, 560 Oval Dr, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, H. C. Brown Laboratory, 560 Oval Dr, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Suzanne C Bart
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, H. C. Brown Laboratory, 560 Oval Dr, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
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Goodwin CAP, Ciccone SR, Bekoe S, Majumdar S, Scott BL, Ziller JW, Gaunt AJ, Furche F, Evans WJ. 2.2.2-Cryptand complexes of neptunium(III) and plutonium(III). Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:997-1000. [PMID: 34937074 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05904a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
New coordination environments are reported for Np(III) and Pu(III) based on pilot studies of U(III) in 2.2.2-cryptand (crypt). The U(III)-in-crypt complex, [U(crypt)I2][I], obtained from the reaction between UI3 and crypt, is treated with Me3SiOTf (OTf = O3SCF3) in benzene to form the [U(crypt)(OTf)2][OTf] complex. Similarly, the isomorphous Np(III) and Pu(III) complexes were obtained similarly starting from [AnI3(THF)4]. All three complexes (1-An; An = U, Np, Pu) contain an encapsulated actinide in a THF-soluble complex. Absorption spectroscopy and DFT calculations are consistent with 5f3 U(III), 5f4 Np(III), and 5f5 Pu(III) electron configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conrad A P Goodwin
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Sierra R Ciccone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Samuel Bekoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Sourav Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials Physics & Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
| | - Filipp Furche
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
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Arumugam K, Burton NA. Disproportionation of the Uranyl(V) Coordination Complexes in Aqueous Solution through Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18832-18842. [PMID: 34847326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Among the linear actinyl(VI/V) cations, the uranyl(V) species are particularly intriguing because they are unstable and exhibit a unique behavior to undergo H+ promoted disproportionation in aqueous solution and form stable uranyl(VI) and U(IV) complexes. This study uses density functional theory (DFT) combined with the conductor-like polarizable continuum model approach to investigate [UO2]2+/+ to [UIVO2] reduction free energies (RFEs) and explores the stability of uranyl(V) complexes in aqueous solution through computing disproportionation free energies (DFEs) for an outer-sphere electron transfer process. In addition to the aqua complex (U1), another three commonly encountered ligands such as chloride (U2), acetate (U3), and carbonate (U4) in aqueous environmental conditions are taken into account. For the U1 complex, the computed 1e- (V/IV) and 2e- (VI/IV) RFEs are in good agreement with experiments. The computed DFEs reveal that the presence of H+ is imperative for the disproportionation to take place. Although the presence of the alkali cations favors the disproportionation to some extent, they cannot fully make the reaction thermodynamically feasible. For the anionic complexes, the high negative charge does not allow for the formation of a cation-cation encounter complex due to Coulombic repulsion. Furthermore, an additional factor is the ligand exchange reaction which is also an energy-demanding step. Therefore, the current study examined the Kern-Orlemann mechanism and our results validate the mechanism based on DFT computed DFEs and propose that for the anionic complexes, an outer-sphere electron transfer is highly probable and our computed protonation free energies further support this claim.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Arumugam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Neil A Burton
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Maria L, Bandeira NAG, Marçalo J, Santos IC, Ferreira ASD, Ascenso JR. Experimental and Computational Study of a Tetraazamacrocycle Bis(aryloxide) Uranyl Complex and of the Analogues {E═U═NR} 2+ (E = O and NR). Inorg Chem 2021; 61:346-356. [PMID: 34898186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [U(κ6-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})I][I] (H2{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam} = 1,8-bis(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl)-4,11-dimethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) with 2 equiv of NaNO2 in acetonitrile results in the isolation of the uranyl complex [UO2{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam}] (3) in 31% yield, which was fully characterized, including by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Density functional theory (DFT) computations were performed to evaluate and compare the level of covalency within the U═E bonds in 3 and in the analogous trans-bis(imido) [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(NPh)2] (1) and trans-oxido-imido [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(O)(NPh)] (2) complexes. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis allowed us to determine the mixing covalency parameter λ, showing that in 2, where both U-Ooxido and U-Nimido bonds are present, the U-Nimido bond registers more covalency with regard to 1, and the opposite is seen for U-Ooxido with respect to 3. However, the covalency driven by orbital overlap in the U-Nimido bond is slightly higher in 1 than in 2. The 15N-labeled complexes [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(15NPh)2] (1-15N) and [U(κ4-{(t-Bu2ArO)2Me2-cyclam})(O)(15NPh)] (2-15N) were prepared and analyzed by solution 15N NMR spectroscopy. The calculated and experimental 15N chemical shifts are in good agreement, displaying the same trend of δN (1-15N) > δN (2-15N) and reveal that the 15N chemical shift may serve as a probe for the covalency of the U═NR bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonor Maria
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Nuno A G Bandeira
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Marçalo
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Isabel C Santos
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Ana S D Ferreira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.,UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry/Department of Life Sciences, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José R Ascenso
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1000-049 Lisboa, Portugal
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Staun SL, Wu G, Lukens WW, Hayton TW. Synthesis of a heterobimetallic actinide nitride and an analysis of its bonding. Chem Sci 2021; 12:15519-15527. [PMID: 35003580 PMCID: PMC8653994 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaction of [K(DME)][Th{N(R)(SiMe2 CH2)}2(NR2)] (R = SiMe3) with 1 equiv. of [U(NR2)3(NH2)] (1) in THF, in the presence of 18-crown-6, results in formation of a bridged uranium-thorium nitride complex, [K(18-crown-6)(THF)2][(NR2)3UIV(μ-N)ThIV(NR2)3] (2), which can be isolated in 48% yield after work-up. Complex 2 is the first isolable molecular mixed-actinide nitride complex. Also formed in the reaction is the methylene-bridged mixed-actinide nitride, [K(18-crown-6)][K(18-crown-6)(Et2O)2][(NR2)2U(μ-N)(μ-κ2-C,N-CH2SiMe2NR)Th(NR2)2]2 (3), which can be isolated in 34% yield after work-up. Complex 3 is likely generated by deprotonation of a methyl group in 2 by [NR2]-, yielding the new μ-CH2 moiety and HNR2. Reaction of 2 with 0.5 equiv. of I2 results in formation of a UV/ThIV bridged nitride, [(NR2)3UV(μ-N)ThIV(NR2)3] (4), which can be isolated in 42% yield after work-up. The electronic structure of 4 was analyzed with EPR spectroscopy, SQUID magnetometry, and NIR-visible spectroscopy. This analysis demonstrated that the energies of 5f orbitals of 4 are largely determined by the strong ligand field exerted by the nitride ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena L Staun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Wayne W Lukens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA
| | - Trevor W Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
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Selective adsorption of molybdenum ions on ionic liquid-loaded resin containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium(2,4,6-trimethyl)benzodithioate. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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43
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Goodwin CAP, Su J, Stevens LM, White FD, Anderson NH, Auxier JD, Albrecht-Schönzart TE, Batista ER, Briscoe SF, Cross JN, Evans WJ, Gaiser AN, Gaunt AJ, James MR, Janicke MT, Jenkins TF, Jones ZR, Kozimor SA, Scott BL, Sperling JM, Wedal JC, Windorff CJ, Yang P, Ziller JW. Isolation and characterization of a californium metallocene. Nature 2021; 599:421-424. [PMID: 34789902 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Californium (Cf) is currently the heaviest element accessible above microgram quantities. Cf isotopes impose severe experimental challenges due to their scarcity and radiological hazards. Consequently, chemical secrets ranging from the accessibility of 5f/6d valence orbitals to engage in bonding, the role of spin-orbit coupling in electronic structure, and reactivity patterns compared to other f elements, remain locked. Organometallic molecules were foundational in elucidating periodicity and bonding trends across the periodic table1-3, with a twenty-first-century renaissance of organometallic thorium (Th) through plutonium (Pu) chemistry4-12, and to a smaller extent americium (Am)13, transforming chemical understanding. Yet, analogous curium (Cm) to Cf chemistry has lain dormant since the 1970s. Here, we revive air-/moisture-sensitive Cf chemistry through the synthesis and characterization of [Cf(C5Me4H)2Cl2K(OEt2)]n from two milligrams of 249Cf. This bent metallocene motif, not previously structurally authenticated beyond uranium (U)14,15, contains the first crystallographically characterized Cf-C bond. Analysis suggests the Cf-C bond is largely ionic with a small covalent contribution. Lowered Cf 5f orbital energy versus dysprosium (Dy) 4f in the colourless, isoelectronic and isostructural [Dy(C5Me4H)2Cl2K(OEt2)]n results in an orange Cf compound, contrasting with the light-green colour typically associated with Cf compounds16-22.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Su
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.,College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lauren M Stevens
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Frankie D White
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | - John D Auxier
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | | | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Sasha F Briscoe
- Radiation Protection Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Justin N Cross
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - William J Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Alyssa N Gaiser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Michael R James
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Michael T Janicke
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Tener F Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Zachary R Jones
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Stosh A Kozimor
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Joseph M Sperling
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Justin C Wedal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cory J Windorff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA.
| | - Joseph W Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Nguyen MT, Rousseau R, Paviet PD, Glezakou VA. Actinide Molten Salts: A Machine-Learning Potential Molecular Dynamics Study. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:53398-53408. [PMID: 34494435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Actinide molten salts represent a class of important materials in nuclear energy. Understanding them at a molecular level is critical for the proper and optimal design of relevant technological applications. Yet, owing to the complexity of electronic structure due to the 5f orbitals, computational studies of heavy elements in condensed phases using ab initio potentials to study the structure and dynamics of these elements embedded in molten salts are difficult. This lack of efficient computational protocols makes it difficult to obtain information on properties that require extensive statistical sampling like transport properties. To tackle this problem, we adopted a machine-learning approach to study ThCl4-NaCl and UCl3-NaCl binary systems. The machine-learning potential with the density functional theory accuracy allows us to obtain long molecular dynamics trajectories (ns) for large systems (103 atoms) at a considerably low computing cost, thereby efficiently gaining information about their bonding structures, thermodynamics, and dynamics at a range of temperatures. We observed a considerable change in the coordination environments of actinide elements and their characteristic coordination sphere lifetime. Our study also suggests that actinides in molten salts may not follow well-known entropy-scaling laws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manh-Thuong Nguyen
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Roger Rousseau
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Patricia D Paviet
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Kent GT, Yu X, Wu G, Autschbach J, Hayton TW. Synthesis and electronic structure analysis of the actinide allenylidenes, [{(NR 2) 3}An(CCCPh 2)] - (An = U, Th; R = SiMe 3). Chem Sci 2021; 12:14383-14388. [PMID: 34880989 PMCID: PMC8580070 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04666g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of [AnCl(NR2)3] (An = U, Th, R = SiMe3) with in situ generated lithium-3,3-diphenylcyclopropene results in the formation of [{(NR2)3}An(CH[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]CPh2)] (An = U, 1; Th, 2) in good yields after work-up. Deprotonation of 1 or 2 with LDA/2.2.2-cryptand results in formation of the anionic allenylidenes, [Li(2.2.2-cryptand)][{(NR2)3}An(CCCPh2)] (An = U, 3; Th, 4). The calculated 13C NMR chemical shifts of the Cα, Cβ, and Cγ nuclei in 2 and 4 nicely reproduce the experimentally assigned order, and exhibit a characteristic spin-orbit induced downfield shift at Cα due to involvement of the 5f orbitals in the Th-C bonds. Additionally, the bonding analyses for 3 and 4 show a delocalized multi-center character of the ligand π orbitals involving the actinide. While a single-triple-single-bond resonance structure (e.g., An-C[triple bond, length as m-dash]C-CPh2) predominates, the An[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]C[double bond, length as m-dash]CPh2 resonance form contributes, as well, more so for 3 than for 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greggory T Kent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260 USA
| | - Trevor W Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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Su J, Cheisson T, McSkimming A, Goodwin CAP, DiMucci IM, Albrecht-Schönzart T, Scott BL, Batista ER, Gaunt AJ, Kozimor SA, Yang P, Schelter EJ. Complexation and redox chemistry of neptunium, plutonium and americium with a hydroxylaminato ligand. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13343-13359. [PMID: 34777753 PMCID: PMC8528073 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is significant interest in ligands that can stabilize actinide ions in oxidation states that can be exploited to chemically differentiate 5f and 4f elements. Applications range from developing large-scale actinide separation strategies for nuclear industry processing to carrying out analytical studies that support environmental monitoring and remediation efforts. Here, we report syntheses and characterization of Np(iv), Pu(iv) and Am(iii) complexes with N-tert-butyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)hydroxylaminato, [2-(tBuNO)py]−(interchangeable hereafter with [(tBuNO)py]−), a ligand which was previously found to impart remarkable stability to cerium in the +4 oxidation state. An[(tBuNO)py]4 (An = Pu, 1; Np, 2) have been synthesized, characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption, 1H NMR and UV-vis-NIR spectroscopies, and cyclic voltammetry, along with computational modeling and analysis. In the case of Pu, oxidation of Pu(iii) to Pu(iv) was observed upon complexation with the [(tBuNO)py]− ligand. The Pu complex 1 and Np complex 2 were also isolated directly from Pu(iv) and Np(iv) precursors. Electrochemical measurements indicate that a Pu(iii) species can be accessed upon one-electron reduction of 1 with a large negative reduction potential (E1/2 = −2.26 V vs. Fc+/0). Applying oxidation potentials to 1 and 2 resulted in ligand-centered electron transfer reactions, which is different from the previously reported redox chemistry of UIV[(tBuNO)py]4 that revealed a stable U(v) product. Treatment of an anhydrous Am(iii) precursor with the [(tBuNO)py]− ligand did not result in oxidation to Am(iv). Instead, the dimeric complex [AmIII(μ2-(tBuNO)py)((tBuNO)py)2]2 (3) was isolated. Complex 3 is a rare example of a structurally characterized non-aqueous Am-containing molecular complex prepared using inert atmosphere techniques. Predicted redox potentials from density functional theory calculations show a trivalent accessibility trend of U(iii) < Np(iii) < Pu(iii) and that the higher oxidation states of actinides (i.e., +5 for Np and Pu and +4 for Am) are not stabilized by [2-(tBuNO)py]−, in good agreement with experimental observations. The coordination modes and electronic properties of a strongly coordinating hydroxylaminato ligand with Np, Pu and Am were investigated.Complexes were characterized by a range of experimental and computational techniques.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 S 34th St. Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Alex McSkimming
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 S 34th St. Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Conrad A P Goodwin
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Ida M DiMucci
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Thomas Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University 95 Chieftan Way Tallahassee Florida 32306 USA
| | - Brian L Scott
- Materials and Physics Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Enrique R Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Andrew J Gaunt
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Stosh A Kozimor
- Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA
| | - Eric J Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 S 34th St. Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
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47
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Du J, Seed JA, Berryman VEJ, Kaltsoyannis N, Adams RW, Lee D, Liddle ST. Exceptional uranium(VI)-nitride triple bond covalency from 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and quantum chemical analysis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5649. [PMID: 34561448 PMCID: PMC8463702 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Determining the nature and extent of covalency of early actinide chemical bonding is a fundamentally important challenge. Recently, X-ray absorption, electron paramagnetic, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic studies have probed actinide-ligand covalency, largely confirming the paradigm of early actinide bonding varying from ionic to polarised-covalent, with this range sitting on the continuum between ionic lanthanide and more covalent d transition metal analogues. Here, we report measurement of the covalency of a terminal uranium(VI)-nitride by 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and find an exceptional nitride chemical shift and chemical shift anisotropy. This redefines the 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy parameter space, and experimentally confirms a prior computational prediction that the uranium(VI)-nitride triple bond is not only highly covalent, but, more so than d transition metal analogues. These results enable construction of general, predictive metal-ligand 15N chemical shift-bond order correlations, and reframe our understanding of actinide chemical bonding to guide future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhen Du
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - John A Seed
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Victoria E J Berryman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Nikolas Kaltsoyannis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ralph W Adams
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Daniel Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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48
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Rheinfrank E, Pörtner M, Nuñez Beyerle MDC, Haag F, Deimel PS, Allegretti F, Seufert K, Barth JV, Bocquet ML, Feulner P, Auwärter W. Actinide Coordination Chemistry on Surfaces: Synthesis, Manipulation, and Properties of Thorium Bis(porphyrinato) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14581-14591. [PMID: 34477375 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Actinide-based metal-organic complexes and coordination architectures encompass intriguing properties and functionalities but are still largely unexplored on surfaces. We introduce the in situ synthesis of actinide tetrapyrrole complexes under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, on both a metallic support and a 2D material. Specifically, exposure of a tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) multilayer to an elemental beam of thorium followed by a temperature-programmed reaction and desorption of surplus molecules yields bis(porphyrinato)thorium (Th(TPP)2) assemblies on Ag(111) and hexagonal boron nitride/Cu(111). A multimethod characterization including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, temperature-programmed desorption, and complementary density functional theory modeling provides insights into conformational and electronic properties. Supramolecular assemblies of Th(TPP)2 as well as individual double-deckers are addressed with submolecular precision, e.g., demonstrating the reversible rotation of the top porphyrin in Th(TPP)2 by molecular manipulation. Our findings thus demonstrate prospects for actinide-based functional nanoarchitectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Rheinfrank
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Mathias Pörtner
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - Felix Haag
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Peter S Deimel
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Francesco Allegretti
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Knud Seufert
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marie-Laure Bocquet
- PASTEUR, Départment de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Peter Feulner
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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49
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Wang XY, Hao Y, Zhao HB, Guo YR, Pan QJ. 2D-layered Mg(OH) 2 material adsorbing cellobiose via interfacial chemical coupling and its applications in handling toxic Cd 2+ and UO 22+ ions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 279:130617. [PMID: 34134416 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial chemistry of nanocomposite materials is of overarching importance in the separation and purification science; moreover, its understanding helps to guide synthesis, clarify structure-property relationship and unearth novel applications. However, the composites feature rather complicated local structures and hydrogen bonds are often involved in the interface and the vicinity of active sites. In this regard, density functional theory first-principle calculations associated with experimental study have synergistically examined two-dimensional (2D) magnesium hydroxide material with different layers and their adsorption toward cellobiose. Hydrogen bonds are found responsible for the interfacial coupling, which make it vital to cover the dispersion correction in the calculation. The average adsorption energy ranges from -0.29 to -0.35 eV, falling well within the range of reported hydrogen-bonding strength. On the basis of calculated structural/interfacial properties and experimental findings, the 2D Mg(OH)2 in terms of three-layer model was unraveled to substitute toxic Cd2+ ion and sorb radioactive UO22+ that is coordinated by water and hydroxyl groups. These reactions are thermodynamically feasible. The ion-exchanging mechanism was proposed for cadmium removal and the outer-sphere adsorption one for uranium extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Hong-Bo Zhao
- Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua, 152061, China
| | - Yuan-Ru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Qing-Jiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China.
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50
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Ordoñez O, Yu X, Wu G, Autschbach J, Hayton TW. Homoleptic Perchlorophenyl "Ate" Complexes of Thorium(IV) and Uranium(IV). Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12436-12444. [PMID: 34328317 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of AnCl4(DME)n (An = Th, n = 2; U, n = 0) with 5 equiv of LiC6Cl5 in Et2O resulted in the formation of homoleptic actinide-aryl "ate" complexes [Li(DME)2(Et2O)]2[Li(DME)2][Th(C6Cl5)5]3 ([Li][1]) and [Li(Et2O)4][U(C6Cl5)5] ([Li][2]). Similarly, the reaction of AnCl4(DME)n (An = Th, n = 2; U, n = 0) with 3 equiv of LiC6Cl5 in Et2O resulted in the formation of heteroleptic actinide-aryl "ate" complexes [Li(DME)2(Et2O)][Li(Et2O)2][ThCl3(C6Cl5)3] ([Li][3]) and [Li(Et2O)3][UCl2(C6Cl5)3] ([Li][4]). Density functional calculations show that the An-Cipso σ-bonds are considerably more covalent for the uranium complexes vs the thorium analogues, in line with past results. Additionally, good agreement between experiment and calculations is obtained for the 13Cipso NMR chemical shifts in [Li][1] and [Li][3]. The calculations demonstrate a deshielding by ca. 29 ppm from spin-orbit coupling effects originating at Th, which is a direct consequence of 5f orbital participation in the Th-C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Ordoñez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Trevor W Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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