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Jegorovė A, Daškevičienė M, Kantminienė K, Jankauskas V, Čepas RJ, Gruodis A, Getautis V, Genevičius K. New fluorene-based bipolar charge transporting materials. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2975-2982. [PMID: 38239447 PMCID: PMC10794882 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07583d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Air-stable and solution-processable fluorene-based bipolar charge transporting materials (CTMs) were designed, synthesized, and analyzed. These CTMs feature anthraquinone, 9-fluorenone, and 9-dicyanofluorenylidine groups and exhibit good film formation properties for solvent processing. Quantum chemistry simulations and optical absorption measurements proved that several stable conformers and charge transfer complexes form inside the molecules. Hole mobilities in CTMs were around 10-4 to 10-5 cm2 V-1 s-1, while electron mobility in compounds with anthraquinone and 9-dicyanofluorenylidine groups was approximately one order of magnitude lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aistė Jegorovė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology Radvilėnų pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Marytė Daškevičienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology Radvilėnų pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Kristina Kantminienė
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology Radvilėnų pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University Saulėtekio al. 3 Vilnius 10257 Lithuania
| | - Romualdas Jonas Čepas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University Saulėtekio al. 3 Vilnius 10257 Lithuania
| | - Alytis Gruodis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University Saulėtekio al. 3 Vilnius 10257 Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology Radvilėnų pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Kristijonas Genevičius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University Saulėtekio al. 3 Vilnius 10257 Lithuania
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2
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Soldner S, Anhalt O, Sárosi MB, Stolte M, Würthner F. Donor-acceptor complex formation by social self-sorting of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and perylene bisimides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11656-11659. [PMID: 37702093 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03704e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly versus complexation with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) guest molecules is studied for a series of perylene bisimides (PBIs). Bulky imide substituents at the PBI guide their self-assembly into dimer aggregates with null-type exciton coupling. Host-guest titration experiments with perylene and triphenylene PAHs afford 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 complexes whose properties are studied by single crystal X-ray analysis and UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Soldner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Olga Anhalt
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Menyhárt B Sárosi
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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3
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Anthony LA, Rajaraman D, Sundararajan G, Suresh M, Nethaji P, Jaganathan R, Poomani K. Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies of (E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022; 1266:133483. [PMID: 35692554 PMCID: PMC9175251 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
A novel drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections and hydroxyl chloroquine analogue, (E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine (BCMTP) compound has been synthesized in one pot reaction. The novel compound BCMTP has been characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction patterns. Crystal packing is stabilized by C8-H8A•••Cl10i, C41-H41•••Cl1ii and N1-H1A•••Cl6iii intermolecular hydrogen bonds. From the geometrical parameters, it is observed that the piperidine ring adopts chair conformation. Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to quantify the interactions and an interaction energy analysis was done to study the interactions between pairs of molecules. The geometrical structure was optimized by density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) as the basic set. The smaller binding energy value provides the higher reactivity of BCMTP compound than hydroxyl chloroquine and was corrected by high electrophilic and low nucleophilic reactions. The stability and charge delocalization of the molecule were also considered by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. The HOMO-LUMO energies describe the charge transfer which takes place within the molecule. Molecular electrostatic potential has also been analysed. Molecular docking studies are implemented to analyse the binding energy of the BCMTP compound against standard drugs such as the crystal structure of ADP ribose phosphatase of NSP3 from SARS-CoV-2 in complex with MES and SARS-CoV-2 main protease with an unliganded active site (2019-nCoV, corona virus disease 2019, COVID-19) and found to be considered having better antiviral agents. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed for COVID-19 main protease (Mpro: 6WCF/6Y84) to understand the elements governing the inhibitory effect and the stability of interaction under dynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Athishu Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, St Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland 797 115, India
| | - D Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, St Joseph University, Dimapur, Nagaland 797 115, India
| | - G Sundararajan
- Department of Chemistry, Thanthai Hans Roever College (Autonomous), Perambalur 621220, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, AVS Arts and Science College, Salem, Tamil Nadu 603 110, India
| | - P Nethaji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Tamil Nadu 603 110, India
| | - R Jaganathan
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India
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4
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Dev SU, Anthony NM, Trendafilov S, Allen MS, Allen JW. Near-field mapping of high permittivity dielectric microwave resonator modes via optically induced conductance. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:13583-13590. [PMID: 35472967 DOI: 10.1364/oe.457397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate a straightforward, low-cost, and high resolution optical-based method to measure the three-dimensional relative electric field magnitude in microwave circuits without the need to monitor reflected laser beams or the requirement of photoconductive substrates for the device under test. The technique utilizes optically induced conductance, where a focused laser beam excites electron-hole-pairs (EHPs) in a semiconductor thin film placed in the near-field of a microwave circuit. The generated EHPs create localized loss in the resonator and modulate the transmitted microwave signal, proportional to the local microwave electric field. As a proof of principle, several different modes of a high permittivity (ɛ ∼ 80) cylindrical dielectric resonator are mapped.
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5
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Ionescu A, Godbert N, Termine R, La Deda M, Amati M, Lelj F, Crispini A, Golemme A, Ghedini M, Garcia-Orduña P, Aiello I. Photoconductive Properties and Electronic Structure in 3,5-Disubstituted 2-(2'-Pyridyl)Pyrroles Coordinated to a Pd(II) Salicylideneiminate Synthon. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:9287-9301. [PMID: 34126007 PMCID: PMC8277164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The synthesis and the electrochemical, photophysical, structural,
and photoconductive properties of three new heteroleptic Pd(II) complexes
with various 3′,5′- disubstituted-2-(2′-pyridil)
pyrroles H(N^N) as coordinated ligands are reported. The coordination
of the metal center was completed by a functionalized Schiff base
H(O^N) used as an ancillary ligand. The [(N^N)Pd(O^N)] complexes showed
highly interesting photoconductive properties which have been correlated
to their electronic and molecular structures. Theoretical density
functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations were performed,
and the results were confronted with the organization in crystalline
phase, allowing to point out that the photoconductive properties are
mainly a consequence of an efficient intramolecular ligand-to-metal
charge transfer, combined to the proximity between the central metal
and the donor moieties in the solid-state molecular stacks. The reported
results confirm that these new Pd(II) complexes form a novel class
of organometallic photoconductors with intrinsic characteristics suitable
for molecular semiconductors applications. The first evidence of enhancement of the role of d* orbitals
in improving photoconduction in crystalline Pd(II) complexes comprising
2-(2′-pyridyl)pyrroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Ionescu
- MAT-INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici) and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.,CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia U.O.S. Cosenza, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Nicolas Godbert
- MAT-INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici) and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Roberto Termine
- CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia U.O.S. Cosenza, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Massimo La Deda
- MAT-INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici) and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.,CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia U.O.S. Cosenza, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mario Amati
- Dipartimento di Scienze and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Basilicata, Università della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Lelj
- Dipartimento di Scienze and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Basilicata, Università della Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Alessandra Crispini
- MAT-INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici) and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Attilio Golemme
- CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia U.O.S. Cosenza, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mauro Ghedini
- MAT-INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici) and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.,CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia U.O.S. Cosenza, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Pilar Garcia-Orduña
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea, Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Pza. San Francisco s/n, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Iolinda Aiello
- MAT-INLAB (Laboratorio di Materiali Molecolari Inorganici) and LASCAMM-CR INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria, Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy.,CNR NANOTEC-Istituto di Nanotecnologia U.O.S. Cosenza, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
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Govindasamy V, Perumal S, Sekar I, Madheswaran B, Karuppannan S, Kuppannan SB. Phenothiazine-Thiophene Hydrazide Dyad: An Efficient "On-Off" Chemosensor for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of Hg 2+ Ions. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:667-674. [PMID: 33560513 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02690-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new phenothiazine-thiophene hydrazone based ((10-ethyl-10H-phenothiazine-3,7-diyl)bis(methanylylidene))bis(thiophene-2-carbohydrazide) (PHT) chemosensor was synthesized via a single-step reaction and utilized as fluorescence "On-Off" sensor towards Hg2+ ion. The PHT was fully characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and ESI-Mass spectral analysis. The PHT probe was efficiently used for the selective detection of Hg2+ ion in the presence of other metal ions. Further, the stoichiometry of the PHT with Hg2+ complex was confirmed by Job's plot analysis. The limit of detection (LOD) value of the probe PHT was found to be 0.44 × 10-8 M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Govindasamy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
| | - Sakthivel Perumal
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University-University College of Engineering, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624622, India
| | - Indira Sekar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
| | - Bharathi Madheswaran
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India
| | - Sekar Karuppannan
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University-University College of Engineering, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624622, India.
| | - Shanmuga Bharathi Kuppannan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, Periyar University, Periyar Palkalai Nagar, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636011, India.
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7
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Gu WM, Wang C, Gao CY, Fan XH, Yang LM, Jiang KJ. Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite for low-cost and high-performance xerographic photoreceptors. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21754-21759. [PMID: 35478793 PMCID: PMC9034127 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02717d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Solution-processable organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites are being widely investigated for many applications, including solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. Herein, we report, for the first time, successful fabrication of xerographic photoreceptors using methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite as a light-absorbing material. With the incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the perovskite film, the ion migration inherent to the perovskite material can be effectively suppressed, and the resulting photoreceptor exhibits a high and panchromatic photosensitivity, large surface potential, low dark decay, and high environmental resistance and electrical cycling stability. Specifically, the energies required to photodischarge one half of the initial surface potential (E0.5) are 0.074 μJ cm−2 at 550 nm and 0.14 μJ cm−2 at 780 nm, respectively. The photosensitivites outmatch those of the conventionally used organic pigments having narrow spectral responses. Our findings inform a new generation of highly efficient and low-cost xerographic photoreceptors based on perovskite materials. MAPbI3 perovskite is first used as a light-absorbing charge-generating material for xerographic photoreceptors. The resultant photoreceptor exhibits excellent xerographic properties, and good environmental and electrical cycling stability.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Min Gu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Chuanxi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- State Key Lab for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing
| | - Cai-Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xin-Heng Fan
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Lian-Ming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Ke-Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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8
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Yoon Y, Koo JY, Oh J, Kim S, Choi HC, Yoon SM. Surface-guided polymorphism control of titanyl phthalocyanine single crystals. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00228c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism control of the titanyl-phthalocyanine (TiOPc) single crystals by molecule-surface interactions and their effects of crystallographic structural differences on photo-electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkwan Yoon
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Koo
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jongwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry
- Wonkwang University
- Iksan 54538
- Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Cheul Choi
- Department of Chemistry
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang 37673
- Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Min Yoon
- Department of Chemistry
- Wonkwang University
- Iksan 54538
- Republic of Korea
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Bellani S, Antognazza MR, Bonaccorso F. Carbon-Based Photocathode Materials for Solar Hydrogen Production. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1801446. [PMID: 30221413 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen is considered a promising environmentally friendly energy carrier for replacing traditional fossil fuels. In this context, photoelectrochemical cells effectively convert solar energy directly to H2 fuel by water photoelectrolysis, thereby monolitically combining the functions of both light harvesting and electrolysis. In such devices, photocathodes and photoanodes carry out the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Here, the focus is on photocathodes for HER, traditionally based on metal oxides, III-V group and II-VI group semiconductors, silicon, and copper-based chalcogenides as photoactive material. Recently, carbon-based materials have emerged as reliable alternatives to the aforementioned materials. A perspective on carbon-based photocathodes is provided here, critically analyzing recent research progress and outlining the major guidelines for the development of efficient and stable photocathode architectures. In particular, the functional role of charge-selective and protective layers, which enhance both the efficiency and the durability of the photocathodes, is discussed. An in-depth evaluation of the state-of-the-art fabrication of photocathodes through scalable, high-troughput, cost-effective methods is presented. The major aspects on the development of light-trapping nanostructured architectures are also addressed. Finally, the key challenges on future research directions in terms of potential performance and manufacturability of photocathodes are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Antognazza
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @Polimi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Pascoli 70/3, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
- BeDimensional Srl, via Albisola 121, 16163, Genova, Italy
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10
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Electronic structure and optical properties of Schiff base hydrazone derivatives by solution technique for optoelectronic devices: Synthesis, experiment and quantum chemical investigation. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Kantar C, Kaya B, Türk M, Şaşmaz S. Novel Phthalocyanines Containing Guaiacol Azo Dyes: Synhthesis, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anticancer Activity. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476618050335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Wang J, Yin P, Wu Y, Liu G, Cui C, Shen P. Synthesis and optoelectronic property manipulation of conjugated polymer photovoltaic materials based on benzo[d]-dithieno[3,2-b;2′,3′-f]azepine. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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13
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Rand D, Jakešová M, Lubin G, Vėbraitė I, David-Pur M, Đerek V, Cramer T, Sariciftci NS, Hanein Y, Głowacki ED. Direct Electrical Neurostimulation with Organic Pigment Photocapacitors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707292. [PMID: 29717514 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient nanoscale semiconducting optoelectronic system is reported, which is optimized for neuronal stimulation: the organic electrolytic photocapacitor. The devices comprise a thin (80 nm) trilayer of metal and p-n semiconducting organic nanocrystals. When illuminated in physiological solution, these metal-semiconductor devices charge up, transducing light pulses into localized displacement currents that are strong enough to electrically stimulate neurons with safe light intensities. The devices are freestanding, requiring no wiring or external bias, and are stable in physiological conditions. The semiconductor layers are made using ubiquitous and nontoxic commercial pigments via simple and scalable deposition techniques. It is described how, in physiological media, photovoltage and charging behavior depend on device geometry. To test cell viability and capability of neural stimulation, photostimulation of primary neurons cultured for three weeks on photocapacitor films is shown. Finally, the efficacy of the device is demonstrated by achieving direct optoelectronic stimulation of light-insensitive retinas, proving the potential of this device platform for retinal implant technologies and for stimulation of electrogenic tissues in general. These results substantiate the conclusion that these devices are the first non-Si optoelectronic platform capable of sufficiently large photovoltages and displacement currents to enable true capacitive stimulation of excitable cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rand
- Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv, 699780, Israel
| | - Marie Jakešová
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköpings Universitet, Bredgatan 33, 60174, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Gur Lubin
- Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv, 699780, Israel
| | - Ieva Vėbraitė
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, POB 12, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Moshe David-Pur
- Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv, 699780, Israel
| | - Vedran Đerek
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköpings Universitet, Bredgatan 33, 60174, Norrköping, Sweden
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenicˇka cesta 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tobias Cramer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, I-40127, Bologna, Italy
| | - Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Yael Hanein
- Tel Aviv University Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, 55 Haim Levanon St., Tel Aviv, 699780, Israel
| | - Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköpings Universitet, Bredgatan 33, 60174, Norrköping, Sweden
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14
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Tyutnev A, Ikhsanov RS, Saenko V, Nikerov D. Numerical analysis of the photo-injection time-of-flight curves in molecularly doped polymers. Chem Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Tyutnev AP, Novikov SV, Saenko VS, Pozhidaev ED. Comparative Monte-Carlo simulations of charge carrier transport in amorphous molecular solids as given by three most common models of disorder: The dipolar glass, the Gaussian disorder, and their mix. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:114901. [PMID: 28938818 DOI: 10.1063/1.5002527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We have performed Monte-Carlo simulations of the charge carrier transport in a model molecularly doped polymer using three most popular hopping theories (the dipolar glass model, the Gaussian disorder model, and an intermediate between them) in a wide range of applied electric fields and temperatures. Time of flight transients have been computed and analyzed in logarithmic coordinates to study the Poole-Frenkel field dependence, the non-Arrhenius mobility temperature dependence, and the nondispersive versus dispersive current shapes. We also have made an attempt to estimate the total disorder energy directly from simulation data at the lowest electric field thus checking the consistency of the model fitting. Computational results have been compared with the analytical and experimental information available in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Tyutnev
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Ulitsa, Moscow 101000, Russia
| | - S V Novikov
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Ulitsa, Moscow 101000, Russia
| | - V S Saenko
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Ulitsa, Moscow 101000, Russia
| | - E D Pozhidaev
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, 20 Miasnitskaya Ulitsa, Moscow 101000, Russia
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16
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Tyutnev A, Weiss D, Saenko V, Pozhidaev E. About mobility thickness dependence in molecularly doped polymers. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Ertem B, Sarkı G, Yalazan H, Bıyıklıoğlu Z, Kantekin H. The synthesis and electrochemical characterization of new metallophthalocyanines containing 4-aminoantipyrine moieties on peripherally positions. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Rodríguez-Salcedo J, Vivas-Reyes R, Zapata-Rivera J. Characterization of charge transfer mechanisms in the molecular capacitor β-DiCC[Ni(dmit)2] using TD-DFT methods. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Simkus G, Tomkeviciene A, Volyniuk D, Mimaite V, Sini G, Budreckiene R, Grazulevicius J. Synthesis and properties of twin derivatives of triphenylamine and carbazole. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Tyutnev A, Saenko V. Poole-Frenkel mobility field dependence in molecularly doped polymers revisited. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Synthesis of Peripherally Tetrasubstituted Phthalocyanines and Their Applications in Schottky Barrier Diodes. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/9715069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
New metal-free and metallophthalocyanine compounds (Zn, Co, Ni, and Cu) were synthesized using 2-hydroxymethyl-1,4-benzodioxan and 4-nitrophthalonitrile compounds. All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, and GC-MS techniques. The applications of synthesized compounds in Schottky barrier diodes were investigated. Ag/Pc/p–Si structures were fabricated and charge transport mechanism in these devices was investigated using dc technique. It was observed from the analysis of the experimental results that the charge transport can be described by Ohmic conduction at low values of the reverse bias. On the other hand, the voltage dependence of the measured current for high values of the applied reverse bias indicated that space charge limited conduction is the dominant mechanism responsible for dc conduction. From the observed voltage dependence of the current density under forward bias conditions, it has been concluded that the charge transport is dominated by Poole-Frenkel emission.
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Abstract
Organic (opto)electronic materials have received considerable attention due to their applications in thin-film-transistors, light-emitting diodes, solar cells, sensors, photorefractive devices, and many others. The technological promises include low cost of these materials and the possibility of their room-temperature deposition from solution on large-area and/or flexible substrates. The article reviews the current understanding of the physical mechanisms that determine the (opto)electronic properties of high-performance organic materials. The focus of the review is on photoinduced processes and on electronic properties important for optoelectronic applications relying on charge carrier photogeneration. Additionally, it highlights the capabilities of various experimental techniques for characterization of these materials, summarizes top-of-the-line device performance, and outlines recent trends in the further development of the field. The properties of materials based both on small molecules and on conjugated polymers are considered, and their applications in organic solar cells, photodetectors, and photorefractive devices are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Ostroverkhova
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
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23
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Kantar C, Mavi V, Baltaş N, İslamoğlu F, Şaşmaz S. Novel zinc(II)phthalocyanines bearing azo-containing schiff base: Determination of pKa values, absorption, emission, enzyme inhibition and photochemical properties. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Braukyla T, Sakai N, Daskeviciene M, Jankauskas V, Kamarauskas E, Malinauskas T, Snaith HJ, Getautis V. Synthesis and Investigation of the V-shaped Tröger′s Base Derivatives as Hole-transporting Materials. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2049-56. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Titas Braukyla
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Nobuya Sakai
- Department of Physics; Clarendon Laboratory; University of Oxford; Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK
| | - Maryte Daskeviciene
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics; Vilnius University; Sauletekio 9 Vilnius 10222 Lithuania
| | - Egidijus Kamarauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics; Vilnius University; Sauletekio 9 Vilnius 10222 Lithuania
| | - Tadas Malinauskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
| | - Henry J. Snaith
- Department of Physics; Clarendon Laboratory; University of Oxford; Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PU UK
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Kaunas University of Technology; Radvilenu pl. 19 Kaunas 50254 Lithuania
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25
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Wu K, Xie ML, Chen JF, Le Y. A Novel Routine for the Fabrication of Y-Type Oxotitanium Phthalocyanine Nanocrystals in High-Gravity Rotating Packed Beds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miao-Ling Xie
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
- Research
Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and
Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Le
- State
Key Laboratory of Organic−Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Gsänger M, Bialas D, Huang L, Stolte M, Würthner F. Organic Semiconductors based on Dyes and Color Pigments. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3615-45. [PMID: 27028553 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201505440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic dyes and pigments constitute a large class of industrial products. The utilization of these compounds in the field of organic electronics is reviewed with particular emphasis on organic field-effect transistors. It is shown that for most major classes of industrial dyes and pigments, i.e., phthalocyanines, perylene and naphthalene diimides, diketopyrrolopyrroles, indigos and isoindigos, squaraines, and merocyanines, charge-carrier mobilities exceeding 1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) have been achieved. The most widely investigated molecules due to their n-channel operation are perylene and naphthalene diimides, for which even values close to 10 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) have been demonstrated. The fact that all of these π-conjugated colorants contain polar substituents leading to strongly quadrupolar or even dipolar molecules suggests that indeed a much larger structural space shows promise for the design of organic semiconductor molecules than was considered in this field traditionally. In particular, because many of these dye and pigment chromophores demonstrate excellent thermal and (photo-)chemical stability in their original applications in dyeing and printing, and are accessible by straightforward synthetic protocols, they bear a particularly high potential for commercial applications in the area of organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Gsänger
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Bialas
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lizhen Huang
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie & Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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27
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Tyutnev AP, Nikerov AV, Smirnov DD, Tumkovskii SR. Universality of charge-carrier transport in molecularly doped polymers. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x1602019x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Magomedov A, Urnikaite S, Paliulis O, Jankauskas V, Getautis V. “Click-chemistry” inspired synthesis of hydrazone-based molecular glasses. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra24211h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast and simple synthesis of hole transporting materials inspired by “click-chemistry” was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Magomedov
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas 50254
- Lithuania
| | - S. Urnikaite
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas 50254
- Lithuania
| | - O. Paliulis
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas 50254
- Lithuania
| | - V. Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics
- Vilnius University
- Vilnius 10222
- Lithuania
| | - V. Getautis
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Kaunas University of Technology
- Kaunas 50254
- Lithuania
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29
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Techajaroonjit T, Namuangruk S, Prachumrak N, Promarak V, Sukwattanasinitt M, Rashatasakhon P. Synthesis, characterization, and hole-transporting properties of pyrenyl N-substituted triazatruxenes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra09688c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new pyrenyl triazatruxene derivatives (TAT1 and TAT2) were successfully synthesized via Br2-catalyzed cyclotrimerization of indole and Suzuki cross-coupling with pyrene-1-boronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Narid Prachumrak
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- School of Molecular Science & Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Rayong 21210
- Thailand
| | - Vinich Promarak
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering
- School of Molecular Science & Engineering
- Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology
- Rayong 21210
- Thailand
| | | | - Paitoon Rashatasakhon
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok 10330
- Thailand
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30
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Investigation of a dendrimer-like arrangement of hydrazone fragments for the application as hole transporting materials. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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31
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Tyutnev A, Parris P, Saenko V. Non-dispersive carrier transport in molecularly doped polymers and the convection–diffusion equation. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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32
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Microwave-assisted synthesis, characterization and spectral properties of non-peripherally tetra-substituted phthalocyanines containing eugenol moieties. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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33
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Daskeviciene M, Bubniene G, Malinauskas T, Jankauskas V, Gaidelis V, Paulauskas V, Getautis V. 1,3-diphenylethenylcarbazolyl-based monomer for cross-linked hole transporting layers. Molecules 2015; 20:9124-38. [PMID: 25996215 PMCID: PMC6272464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20059124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cross-linkable monomer containing 1,3-diphenylethenylcarbazolyl-based hole-transporting moieties and four reactive epoxy groups, was prepared by a multistep synthesis route from 1,3-bis(2,2-diphenylethenyl)-9H-carbazol-2-ol and its application for the in situ formation of cross-linked hole transporting layers was investigated. A high concentration of flexible aliphatic epoxy chains ensures good solubility and makes this compound an attractive cross-linking agent. The synthesized compounds were characterized by various techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry, xerographic time of flight, and electron photoemission in air methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryte Daskeviciene
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Giedre Bubniene
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Tadas Malinauskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Valentas Gaidelis
- Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9, 10222 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Valdas Paulauskas
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Studentu 11, Kaunas Dist., 53361 Akademija, Lithuania.
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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34
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Kantar C, Akal H, Kaya B, Islamoğlu F, Türk M, Şaşmaz S. Novel phthalocyanines containing resorcinol azo dyes; synthesis, determination of pKa values, antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activity. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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35
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Seki S, Saeki A, Sakurai T, Sakamaki D. Charge carrier mobility in organic molecular materials probed by electromagnetic waves. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:11093-113. [PMID: 24776977 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00473f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Charge carrier mobility is an essential parameter providing control over the performance of semiconductor devices fabricated using a variety of organic molecular materials. Recent design strategies toward molecular materials have been directed at the substitution of amorphous silicon-based semiconductors; accordingly, numerous measurement techniques have been designed and developed to probe the electronic conducting nature of organic materials bearing extremely wide structural variations in comparison with inorganic and/or metal-oxide semiconductor materials. The present perspective highlights the evaluation methodologies of charge carrier mobility in organic materials, as well as the merits and demerits of techniques examining the feasibility of organic molecules, crystals, and supramolecular assemblies in semiconductor applications. Beyond the simple substitution of amorphous silicon, we have attempted to address in this perspective the systematic use of measurement techniques for future development of organic molecular semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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36
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Ionescu A, Lento R, Mastropietro TF, Aiello I, Termine R, Golemme A, Ghedini M, Bellec N, Pini E, Rimoldi I, Godbert N. Electropolymerized highly photoconductive thin films of cyclopalladated and cycloplatinated complexes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:4019-4028. [PMID: 25615009 DOI: 10.1021/am506984m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The complete characterization of novel electropolymerizable organometallic complexes is presented. These are newly synthesized cyclometalated complexes of general formula (PPy)M(O ∧ N)(n) (H(PPy) = 2-phenylpyridine, M = Pd(II) or Pt(II), H(O ∧ N)(n) = Schiff base). Polymeric thin films have been obtained from these complexes by electropolymerization of the triphenylamino group grafted onto the H(O ∧ N)(n) ancillary ligand. The redox behavior and the photoconductivity of both of the monomers (PPy)M(O ∧ N)(n) and the electropolymerized species have been investigated. The polymeric films of (PPy)M(O ∧ N)(n) have shown a very significant enhancement of photoconductivity when compared to their monomeric amorphous counterparts. The high stability of the obtained films strongly suggests that electropolymerization of cyclometalated complexes represents a viable deposition technique of quality thin films with improved photoconduction properties, hence opening the door to a new class of materials with suitable properties for optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Ionescu
- Centro di Eccelenza CEMIF.CAL, LASCAMM CR-INSTM, Unità INSTM della Calabria , I-87036 Rende, CS, Italy
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37
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Tyutnev AP, Nikerov AV, Saenko VS, Linetskii BL. The temperature dependence and field dependence of the mobility of charge carriers in the multiple-trapping model with a Gaussian trap distribution. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x15010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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38
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39
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Ultrahigh performance C60 nanorod large area flexible photoconductor devices via ultralow organic and inorganic photodoping. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5041. [PMID: 24853479 PMCID: PMC4031472 DOI: 10.1038/srep05041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
One dimensional single-crystal nanorods of C60 possess unique optoelectronic properties including high electron mobility, high photosensitivity and an excellent electron accepting nature. In addition, their rapid large scale synthesis at room temperature makes these organic semiconducting nanorods highly attractive for advanced optoelectronic device applications. Here, we report low-cost large-area flexible photoconductor devices fabricated using C60 nanorods. We demonstrate that the photosensitivity of the C60 nanorods can be enhanced ~400-fold via an ultralow photodoping mechanism. The photodoped devices offer broadband UV-vis-NIR spectral tuneability, exhibit a detectivitiy >109 Jones, an external quantum efficiency of ~100%, a linear dynamic range of 80 dB, a rise time 60 µs and the ability to measure ac signals up to ~250 kHz. These figures of merit combined are among the highest reported for one dimensional organic and inorganic large-area planar photoconductors and are competitive with commercially available inorganic photoconductors and photoconductive cells. With the additional processing benefits providing compatibility with large-area flexible platforms, these devices represent significant advances and make C60 nanorods a promising candidate for advanced photodetector technologies.
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40
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Głowacki ED, Voss G, Sariciftci NS. 25th anniversary article: progress in chemistry and applications of functional indigos for organic electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:6783-800. [PMID: 24151199 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201302652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Indigo and its derivatives are dyes and pigments with a long and distinguished history in organic chemistry. Recently, applications of this 'old' structure as a functional organic building block for organic electronics applications have renewed interest in these molecules and their remarkable chemical and physical properties. Natural-origin indigos have been processed in fully bio-compatible field effect transistors, operating with ambipolar mobilities up to 0.5 cm(2) /Vs and air-stability. The synthetic derivative isoindigo has emerged as one of the most successful building-blocks for semiconducting polymers for plastic solar cells with efficiencies > 5%. Another isomer of indigo, epindolidione, has also been shown to be one of the best reported organic transistor materials in terms of mobility (∼2 cm(2) /Vs) and stability. This progress report aims to review very recent applications of indigoids in organic electronics, but especially to logically bridge together the hereto independent research directions on indigo, isoindigo, and other materials inspired by historical dye chemistry: a field which was the root of the development of modern chemistry in the first place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Daniel Głowacki
- Linz Institute for Organic Solar Cells (LIOS), Physical Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
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41
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Collins SD, Zhou H, Phan H, Proctor C, Mikhailovsky A, Wudl F, Nguyen TQ. Enhancement of the Photoresponse in Organic Field-Effect Transistors by Incorporating Thin DNA Layers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 53:244-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201306763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Collins SD, Zhou H, Phan H, Proctor C, Mikhailovsky A, Wudl F, Nguyen TQ. Enhancement of the Photoresponse in Organic Field-Effect Transistors by Incorporating Thin DNA Layers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201306763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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43
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Laurinaviciute R, Ostrauskaite J, Grazulevicius JV, Jankauskas V. Synthesis, properties, and self-polymerization of hole-transporting carbazole- and triphenylamine-based hydrazone monomers. Des Monomers Polym 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2013.840499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Laurinaviciute
- Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jolita Ostrauskaite
- Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Vidas Grazulevicius
- Department of Organic Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, LT-50254, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Aleja 9, LT-2040, Vilnius, Lithuania
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Waterman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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45
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Malinauskas T, Daskeviciene M, Bubniene G, Petrikyte I, Raisys S, Kazlauskas K, Gaidelis V, Jankauskas V, Maldzius R, Jursenas S, Getautis V. Phenylethenyl-Substituted Triphenylamines: Efficient, Easily Obtainable, and Inexpensive Hole-Transporting Materials. Chemistry 2013; 19:15044-56. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 07/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadas Malinauskas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas, 50254 (Lithuania), Fax: (+370) 37-300152
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46
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Huang H, Gross DE, Yang X, Moore JS, Zang L. One-step surface doping of organic nanofibers to achieve high dark conductivity and chemiresistor sensing of amines. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:7704-7708. [PMID: 23927459 DOI: 10.1021/am402420g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High dark electrical conductivity was obtained for a p-type organic nanofibril material simply through a one-step surface doping. The nanofibril composite thus fabricated has been proven robust under ambient conditions. The high conductivity, combined with the intrinsic large surface area of the nanofibers, enables development of chemiresistor sensors for trace vapor detection of amines, with detection limit down to sub-parts per billion range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helin Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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47
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Hiraga Y, Teramoto Y, Miyagawa N, Hoshino K. Unexpected and unusual triboelectrification behavior of polymer films containing carboxyl group. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6903-6910. [PMID: 23688040 DOI: 10.1021/la400926q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The triboelectrification behavior of polymer films when in contact with iron carrier beads was investigated using a homemade special instrument which can control relative humidity under a nitrogen atmosphere. The films showed a large humidity-dependent charging behavior; the charge amount increases with the ambient humidity in the range of a few percent RH to ca. 60% RH. This dependence is explained in terms of the model based on the water charging during the friction and the penetration of the positively charged water into the film. However, it was found that the humidity dependence is significantly depressed by the doping of carboxylic acids into the film or by the introduction of a carboxyl group in the polymer backbone. This depression is again explained by the above charged-water penetration model in which carboxylate ions trap the positively charged water on the film surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Hiraga
- Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Science, Chiba University, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan
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48
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Bubniene G, Daskeviciene M, Pukalskas A, Jankauskas V, Getautis V. 1,3-Bisdiphenylethenyl-substituted carbazolyl derivatives as charge transporting materials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2012; 17:14846-57. [PMID: 23519257 PMCID: PMC6268988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of 1,3-diphenylethenylcarbazolyl-based charge transporting materials involving electron donating hydrazone moieties and an electron withdrawing 1,3-indandione moiety is reported. The obtained materials were examined by various techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, xerographic time of flight technique and the electron photoemission in air method. Photoemission spectra of the amorphous films of the investigated compounds showed ionization potentials of 5.54-5.90 eV. The hole drift mobility was measured by the xerographic time of flight technique. The highest hole drift mobility, exceeding 10(-5) cm(2)/V · s at 6.4 × 10(5) V/cm electric field, was observed for the 1,3-diphenylethenylcarbazolyl derivative molecularly doped with a N,N-diphenylhydrazone moiety in the polymeric host bisphenol-Z polycarbonate (PC-Z).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedre Bubniene
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Maryte Daskeviciene
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Audrius Pukalskas
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
| | - Vygintas Jankauskas
- Department of Solid State Electronics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 9-III, Vilnius LT-10222, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Getautis
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu pl. 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +370-37-300-196; Fax: +370-37-300-152
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Tokuda T, Murashiro K, Kubo M, Masu H, Imanari M, Seki H, Aoki N, Ochiai Y, Kanoh H, Hoshino K. Preparation and characterization of conducting mixed-valence 9,9'-dimethyl-3,3'-bicarbazyl rectangular nanowires. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:16430-16435. [PMID: 23106296 DOI: 10.1021/la303523a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The facile synthesis of an organic electric conducting nanowire is described. The simple oxidation of 9-methylcarbazole by iron(III) perchlorate in a methanol/acetonitrile mixture under atmospheric pressure and temperature produces abundant nanowires without using a template. The nanowire consists of 9,9'-dimethyl-3,3'-dicarbazyl and has a rectangular nanowire shape with an average diameter of 397 ± 50 nm and length of 17 ± 5 μm. The results of the elemental analysis, (1)H NMR, FT-IR, XPS, and ESR measurements revealed that the chemical composition of the nanowire is (dicarbazyl)(0.12)(dicarbazylium·ClO(4)(-))(0.88)·H(2)O. This result, combined with the UV-vis-NIR measurement, demonstrates that 9,9'-dimethyl-3,3'-dicarbazyl stacks in a mixed valence state. The nanowire is electroactive and has an electric conductivity of 3.0 × 10(-5) S cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tokuda
- Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Huang L, Stolte M, Bürckstümmer H, Würthner F. High-performance organic thin-film transistor based on a dipolar organic semiconductor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:5750-4. [PMID: 22899558 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201202441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A merocyanine dye with an outstandingly large dipole moment of 14 Debye affords thin-film transistors with 0.18 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) hole mobility and a 10(6) on/off ratio. These results suggest that molecules that lack symmetry and possess large dipole moments can perform excellent charge carrier transport contrary to established molecular semiconductor design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Huang
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Organische Chemie & Röntgen Research, Center for Complex Material Systems, Germany
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