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Dai Y, Rambaldi F, Negri F. Eclipsed and Twisted Excimers of Pyrene and 2-Azapyrene: How Nitrogen Substitution Impacts Excimer Emission. Molecules 2024; 29:507. [PMID: 38276585 PMCID: PMC11154402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique photophysical and electronic properties, pyrene and its analogues have been the subject of extensive research in recent decades. The propensity of pyrene and its derivatives to form excimers has found wide application in various fields. Nitrogen-substituted pyrene derivatives display similar photophysical properties, but for them, excimer emission has not been reported to date. Here, we use time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations to investigate the low-lying exciton states of dimers of pyrene and 2-azapyrene. The excimer equilibrium structures are determined and the contribution of charge transfer (CT) excitations and intermolecular interactions to the exciton states is disclosed using a diabatization procedure. The study reveals that the dimers formed by the two molecules have quite similar exciton-state patterns, in which the relevant CT contributions govern the formation of excimer states, along with the La/Lb state inversion. In contrast with pyrene, the dipole-dipole interactions in 2-azapyrene stabilize the dark eclipsed excimer structure and increase the barrier for conversion into a bright twisted excimer. It is suggested that these differences in the nitrogen-substituted derivative might influence the excimer emission properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasi Dai
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (Y.D.); (F.R.)
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Filippo Rambaldi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (Y.D.); (F.R.)
| | - Fabrizia Negri
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (Y.D.); (F.R.)
- Center for Chemical Catalysis—C3, Alma Mater Studiorum—Università di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Research Unit of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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2
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Hancock AC, Goerigk L. Noncovalently bound excited-state dimers: a perspective on current time-dependent density functional theory approaches applied to aromatic excimer models. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35964-35984. [PMID: 38090083 PMCID: PMC10712016 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07381e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Excimers are supramolecular systems whose binding strength is influenced by many factors that are ongoing challenges for computational methods, such as charge transfer, exciton coupling, and London dispersion interactions. Treating the various intricacies of excimer binding at an adequate level is expected to be particularly challenging for time-dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) methods. In addition to well-known limitations for some TD-DFT methods in the description of charge transfer or exciton coupling, the inherent London dispersion problem from ground-state DFT translates to TD-DFT. While techniques to appropriately treat dispersion in DFT are well-developed for electronic ground states, these dispersion corrections remain largely untested for excited states. Herein, we aim to shed light on current TD-DFT methods, including some of the newest developments. The binding of four model excimers is studied across nine density functionals with and without the application of additive dispersion corrections against a wave function reference of SCS-CC2/CBS(3,4) quality, which approximates select CCSDR(3)/CBS data adequately. To our knowledge, this is the first study that presents single-reference wave function dissociation curves at the complete basis set level for the assessed model systems. It is also the first time range-separated double-hybrid density functionals are applied to excimers. In fact, those functionals turn out to be the most promising for the description of excimer binding followed by global double hybrids. Range-separated and global hybrids-particularly with large fractions of Fock exchange-are outperformed by double hybrids and yield worse dissociation energies and inter-molecular equilibrium distances. The deviation between each assessed functional and reference increases with system size, most likely due to missing dispersion interactions. Additive dispersion corrections of the DFT-D3(BJ) and DFT-D4 types reduce the average errors for TD-DFT methods but do so inconsistently and therefore do not offer a black-box solution in their ground-state parametrised form. The lack of appropriate description of dispersion effects for TD-DFT methods is likely hindering the practical application of the herein identified more efficient methods. Dispersion corrections parametrised for excited states appear to be an important next step to improve the applicability of TD-DFT methods and we hope that our work assists with the future development of such corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Hancock
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia +61-(0)3-8344 6784
| | - Lars Goerigk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia +61-(0)3-8344 6784
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3
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Ishimatsu R, Tashiro S, Nakano K. Monomer and Excimer Emission in Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Pyrene and 2,7-Di- tert-butylpyrene Associated with Electron Transfer Distance. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:9346-9355. [PMID: 37857283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c05602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) is a light emission phenomenon caused by electrochemically generated radical anions (R•-) and cations (R•+), in which the ion annihilation results in the formation of a pair of excited (R*) and ground state (R) of a luminescent molecule. Here, the ECL properties of pyrene (Py) and 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene (di-t-BuPy) are reported. It was found that at a commonly employed concentration (1 mM), the ECL spectra were time-dependent because of increasing the oligomer emission and increasing the concentration of R near R*, leading to an enhancement of the excimer emission. At a low concentration range (20-30 μM), the shape of the ECL spectra containing the monomer and excimer emission was determined by isolated pairs of R* and R, which were generated through ion annihilation of R•- and R•+. It was found that in the ECL of Py and di-t-BuPy originated from the isolated pairs of R•- and R•+, 58 and 48% of the excited states were the excimer states, respectively. Diffusion equation analysis indicates that the lower excimer formation in the case of di-t-BuPy is because of a farther initial separation distance between R* and R, i.e., a longer electron transfer distance between the radical ions. The Marcus model for the electron transfer kinetics suggests that the farther electron transfer distance is mainly caused by the larger molecular size, which resulted in a smaller reorganization energy of the solvent acetonitrile molecule. Taking advantage of the photophysical and electrochemical properties of Py and di-t-Bu Py, the monomer and excimer emission in ECL is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Fukui, 3-9-1 Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shuya Tashiro
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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4
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Turelli M, Ciofini I, Wang Q, Ottochian A, Labat F, Adamo C. Organic compounds for solid state luminescence enhancement/aggregation induced emission: a theoretical perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:17769-17786. [PMID: 37377211 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02364h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Organic luminophores displaying one or more forms of luminescence enhancement in solid state are extremely promising for the development and performance optimization of functional materials essential to many modern key technologies. Yet, the effort to harness their huge potential is riddled with hurdles that ultimately come down to a limited understanding of the interactions that result in the diverse molecular environments responsible for the macroscopic response. In this context, the benefits of a theoretical framework able to provide mechanistic explanations to observations, supported by quantitative predictions of the phenomenon, are rather apparent. In this perspective, we review some of the established facts and recent developments about the current theoretical understanding of solid-state luminescence enhancement (SLE) with an accent on aggregation-induced emission (AIE). A description of the macroscopic phenomenon and the questions it raises is accompanied by a discussion of the approaches and quantum chemistry methods that are more apt to model these molecular systems with the inclusion of an accurate yet efficient simulation of the local environment. A sketch of a general framework, building from the current available knowledge, is then attempted via the analysis of a few varied SLE/AIE molecular systems from literature. A number of fundamental elements are identified offering the basis for outlining design rules for molecular architectures exhibiting SLE that involve specific structural features with the double role of modulating the optical response of the luminophores and defining the environment they experience in solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Turelli
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Theoretical Chemistry and Modeling Team, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Ilaria Ciofini
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Theoretical Chemistry and Modeling Team, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Qinfan Wang
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Theoretical Chemistry and Modeling Team, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Alistar Ottochian
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Theoretical Chemistry and Modeling Team, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Frédéric Labat
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Theoretical Chemistry and Modeling Team, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Carlo Adamo
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Theoretical Chemistry and Modeling Team, 75005 Paris, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 103 Boulevard Saint Michel, F-75005 Paris, France
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5
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Nikul'shin PV, Fedunov RG, Kuibida LV, Maksimov AM, Glebov EM, Stass DV. Recombination of X-ray-Generated Radical Ion Pairs in Alkane Solution Assembles Optically Inaccessible Exciplexes from a Series of Perfluorinated para-Oligophenylenes with N, N-Dimethylaniline. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087568. [PMID: 37108728 PMCID: PMC10142361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate that a series of perfluorinated para-oligophenylenes C6F5-(C6F4)n-C6F5 (n = 1-3) produce exciplexes with N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) in degassed X-irradiated n-dodecane solutions. The optical characterization of the compounds shows that their short fluorescence lifetimes (ca. 1.2 ns) and UV-Vis absorption spectra, overlapping with the spectrum of DMA with molar absorption coefficients of 2.7-4.6 × 104 M-1cm-1, preclude the standard photochemical exciplex formation pathway via selective optical generation of the local excited state of the donor and its bulk quenching by the acceptor. However, under X-rays, the efficient assembly of such exciplexes proceeds via the recombination of radical ion pairs, which delivers the two partners close to each other and ensures a sufficient energy deposition. The exciplex emission is completely quenched by the equilibration of the solution with air, providing a lower bound of exciplex emission lifetime of ca. 200 ns. The recombination nature of the exciplexes is confirmed by the magnetic field sensitivity of the exciplex emission band inherited from the magnetic field sensitivity from the recombination of spin-correlated radical ion pairs. Exciplex formation in such systems is further supported by DFT calculations. These first exciplexes from fully fluorinated compounds show the largest known red shift of the exciplex emission from the local emission band, suggesting the potential of perfluoro compounds for optimizing optical emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Nikul'shin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman G Fedunov
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Leonid V Kuibida
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander M Maksimov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeni M Glebov
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitri V Stass
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- International Tomography Center, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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6
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Kawata T, Sonobe M, Morikawa D, Kitazawa Y, Nomura Y, Uchiyama M, Kimura M. Phosphorescence emission from spatial stacks of phenanthrene units in oligo(9,10-phenanthrene)s. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 59:231-234. [PMID: 36484249 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05414k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The covalent linkage of phenanthrene units at 9 and 10 positions resulted in a broadening of the absorption band and a red-shift of the fluorescence band in ethanol compared with its monomer. Spatial stacking of phenanthrene units also altered the spectral shape of phosphorescence emission, and the oligomer film emitted phosphorescence at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kawata
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Sonobe
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Dai Morikawa
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Japan
| | - Yu Kitazawa
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nomura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan.
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Japan.,Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Kimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan. .,Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research (ICCER), Shinshu University, Japan
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7
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Zhang Y, Li H, Geng Z, Zheng W, Quan Y, Cheng Y. Dynamically stable and amplified circularly polarized excimer emission regulated by solvation of chiral co-assembly process. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4905. [PMID: 35988006 PMCID: PMC9392786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral supramolecular assembly has been assigned to be one of the most favorable strategies for the development of excellent circularly polarized luminescent (CPL)-active materials. Herein, we report our study of an achiral boron-containing pyrene (Py)-based chromophore (PyBO) as a circularly polarized excimer emission (CPEE) dye induced by chiral co-assemblies containing chiral binaphthyl-based enantiomers (R/S-M). Chiral co-assembly R/S-M-(PyBO)4 fresh film spin-coated from toluene solution can exhibit orderly nanofibers and strong green CPEE (λem = 512 nm, gem = ±0.45, ΦFL = 51.2 %) resulting from an achiral PyBO excimer. In contrast, only a very weak blue CPL was observed (λem = 461 nm, gem = ± 0.0125, ΦFL = 19.0 %) after 187 h due to PyBO monomer emission as spherulite growth. Interestingly, this kind of chiral co-assembly R-M-(PyBO)4-T film from tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution retains uniform morphology and affords the most stable and strongest CPEE performance (λem = 512 nm, gem = + 0.62, ΦFL = 53.3 %) after 10 days. Chiral supramolecular assembly is an important strategy for the development of excellent circularly polarized luminescent (CPL)-active materials, but often they suffer from low quantum yield and luminescence dissymmetry factor. Herein, the authors we report a chiral coassembly process of achiral pyrene-based dyes leading to chiral excimers emitting with a high dissymmetry factor.
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8
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Hancock AC, Goerigk L. Noncovalently bound excited-state dimers: a perspective on current time-dependent density functional theory approaches applied to aromatic excimer models. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13014-13034. [PMID: 35520129 PMCID: PMC9062889 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01703b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Excimers are supramolecular systems whose binding strength is influenced by many factors that are ongoing challenges for computational methods, such as charge transfer, exciton coupling, and London dispersion interactions. Treating the various intricacies of excimer binding at an adequate level is expected to be particularly challenging for Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) methods. In addition to well-known limitations for some TD-DFT methods in the description of charge transfer or exciton coupling, the inherent London dispersion problem from ground-state DFT translates to TD-DFT. While techniques to appropriately treat dispersion in DFT are well-developed for electronic ground states, these dispersion corrections remain largely untested for excited states. Herein, we aim to shed light on current TD-DFT methods, including some of the newest developments. The binding of four model excimers is studied across nine density functionals with and without the application of additive dispersion corrections against a wave function reference of SCS-CC2/CBS(3,4) quality, which approximates select CCSDR(3)/CBS data adequately. To our knowledge, this is the first study that presents single-reference wave function dissociation curves at the complete basis set level for the assessed model systems. It is also the first time range-separated double-hybrid density functionals are applied to excimers. In fact, those functionals turn out to be the most promising for the description of excimer binding followed by global double hybrids. Range-separated and global hybrids-particularly with large fractions of Fock exchange-are outperformed by double hybrids and yield worse dissociation energies and inter-molecular equilibrium distances. The deviation between each assessed functional and reference increases with system size, most likely due to missing dispersion interactions. Additive dispersion corrections of the DFT-D3(BJ) and DFT-D4 types reduce the average errors for TD-DFT methods but do so inconsistently and therefore do not offer a black-box solution in their ground-state parametrised form. The lack of appropriate description of dispersion effects for TD-DFT methods is likely hindering the practical application of the herein identified more efficient methods. Dispersion corrections parametrised for excited states appear to be an important next step to improve the applicability of TD-DFT methods and we hope that our work assists with the future development of such corrections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Hancock
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia +61-3-8344-6784
| | - Lars Goerigk
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne Parkville Australia +61-3-8344-6784
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9
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Zullo V, Iuliano A, Pescitelli G, Zinna F. Tunable Excimer Circularly Polarized Luminescence in Isohexide Derivatives from Renewable Resources. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104226. [PMID: 34982485 PMCID: PMC9303411 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds showing circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) are at the forefront of novel applications and technologies. Here we show the synthesis and chiroptical properties of pyrene and perylene derivatives of inexpensive chiral scaffolds: isomannide and isosorbide. Low‐intensity ECD spectra were obtained, suggesting the absence of chromophore interaction in the ground state, except in the case of isomannide bis‐perylenecarboxylate, whose ECD spectrum showed a positive exciton couplet. All isomannide derivatives, with the only exception of the one containing a pyrenecarboxylate and a perylenecarboxylate, exhibited excimer CPL spectra, whereas isosorbide derivatives did not show any CPL. Isomannide derivatives bearing two pyrenecarboxylate or two pyrenylacetate groups showed positive CPL emission with dissymmetry factors up to 10−2, which depends on the conformational freedom of the appended units. The CPL sign, Stokes shift and order of magnitude of dissymmetry factor were reproduced by excited‐state calculations on a representative compound. Interestingly, the mixed derivative containing pyrenic units with different spacing from the isomannide scaffold showed an oppositely signed excimer band with respect to the homo‐substituted derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Zullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Anna Iuliano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Francesco Zinna
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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Gonzalez-Garcia MC, Salto-Giron C, Herrero-Foncubierta P, Peña-Ruiz T, Giron-Gonzalez MD, Salto-Gonzalez R, Perez-Lara A, Navarro A, Garcia-Fernandez E, Orte A. Dynamic Excimer (DYNEX) Imaging of Lipid Droplets. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3632-3639. [PMID: 34498459 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Unraveling cellular physiological processes via luminescent probes that target specific cellular microenvironments is quite challenging due to the uneven distribution of probes. Herein, we designed a new dynamic excimer (DYNEX) imaging method that involves the sensitive detection of nanosecond-scale dynamic molecular contacts of a fluorescent acridone derivative and reveals the cell microenvironment polarity. Using our method, we specifically tracked cell lipid droplets in fibroblast colon carcinoma cells. These organelles play a central role in metabolic pathways, acting as energy reservoirs in regulatory processes. DYNEX imaging provides the inner polarity of cell lipid droplets, which can be related to lipid contents and metabolic dysfunctions. This new methodology will inspire development of novel multidimensional fluorescent sensors that are able to provide target-specific and orthogonal information at the nanosecond scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carmen Gonzalez-Garcia
- Departamento de Fisicoquimica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Carmen Salto-Giron
- Departamento de Fisicoquimica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Herrero-Foncubierta
- Departamento de Fisicoquimica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Tomás Peña-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Giron-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular II, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Salto-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular II, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Perez-Lara
- Departamento de Fisicoquimica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Department of Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Amparo Navarro
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Emilio Garcia-Fernandez
- Departamento de Fisicoquimica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Angel Orte
- Departamento de Fisicoquimica, Unidad de Excelencia en Quimica Aplicada a Biomedicina y Medioambiente (UEQ), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Cartuja sn, 18071 Granada, Spain
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11
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Diaz-Andres A, Casanova D. Benzene Excimer and Excited Multimers: Electronic Character, Interaction Nature, and Aromaticity. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7400-7408. [PMID: 34328333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this Letter we analyze the forces involved in the formation of the benzene excimer and its electron structure, and (anti)aromatic character. We extend our study to excited states in molecular aggregates, the triplet excimer and the benzene-tricyanobenzene exciplex. Electronic wave functions are decomposed in terms of localized excitations and ion-pair configurations through diabatization, and we show that excimer (anti)aromaticity can be described as the linear combination of ground, excited, and ionic molecular states. Our analysis concludes that the benzene excimer must be characterized as antiaromatic, with weaker antiaromaticity than the molecular excited singlet. Moreover, we define a model electronic Hamiltonian for the excimer state and we use it as a building block for the extrapolation of electronic Hamiltonians in molecular aggregates. Benzene multimers present a nonuniform (anti)aromatic character, with the center of the column being antiaromatic and the edges behaving as aromatic. The implications of this work go beyond the study of the excimer, providing a general framework for the calculation and characterization of excited states in aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Diaz-Andres
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - David Casanova
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
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12
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Das A, Danao A, Banerjee S, Raj AM, Sharma G, Prabhakar R, Srinivasan V, Ramamurthy V, Sen P. Dynamics of Anthracene Excimer Formation within a Water-Soluble Nanocavity at Room Temperature. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2025-2036. [PMID: 33471537 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excited anthracene is well-known to photodimerize and not to exhibit excimer emission in isotropic organic solvents. Anthracene (AN) forms two types of supramolecular host-guest complexes (2:1 and 2:2, H:G) with the synthetic host octa acid in aqueous medium. Excitation of the 2:2 complex results in intense excimer emission, as reported previously, while the 2:1 complex, as expected, yields only monomer emission. This study includes confirming of host-guest complexation by NMR, probing the host-guest structure by molecular dynamics simulation, following the dynamics AN molecules in the excited state by ultrafast time-resolved experiments, and mapping of the excited surface through quantum chemical calculations (QM/MM-TDDFT method). Importantly, time-resolved emission experiments revealed the excimer emission maximum to be time dependent. This observation is unique and is not in line with the textbook examples of time-independent monomer-excimer emission maxima of aromatics in solution. The presence of at least one intermediate between the monomer and the excimer is inferred from time-resolved area normalized emission spectra. Potential energy curves calculated for the ground and excited states of two adjacent anthracene molecules via the QM/MM-TDDFT method support the model proposed on the basis of time-resolved experiments. The results presented here on the excited-state behavior of a well-investigated aromatic molecule, namely the parent anthracene, establish that the behavior of a molecule drastically changes under confinement. The results presented here have implications on the behavior of molecules in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aritra Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208 016, India
| | - Ashwini Danao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Shubhojit Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 066, India
| | - A Mohan Raj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Rajeev Prabhakar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Varadharajan Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462 066, India
| | - V Ramamurthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, United States
| | - Pratik Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208 016, India
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13
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Bao P, Hettich CP, Shi Q, Gao J. Block-Localized Excitation for Excimer Complex and Diabatic Coupling. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 17:240-254. [PMID: 33370101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe a block-localized excitation (BLE) method to carry out constrained optimization of block-localized orbitals for constructing valence bond-like, diabatic excited configurations using multistate density functional theory (MSDFT). The method is an extension of the previous block-localized wave function method through a fragment-based ΔSCF approach to optimize excited determinants within a molecular complex. In BLE, both the number of electrons and the electronic spin of different fragments in a whole system can be constrained, whereas electrostatic, exchange, and polarization interactions among different blocks can be fully taken into account of. To avoid optimization collapse to unwanted states, a ΔSCF projection scheme and a maximum overlap of wave function approach have been presented. The method is illustrated by the excimer complex of two naphthalene molecules. With a minimum of eight spin-adapted configurational state functions, it was found that the inversion of La- and Lb- states near the optimal structure of the excimer complex is correctly produced, which is in quantitative agreement with DMRG-CASPT2 calculations and experiments. Trends in the computed transfer integrals associated with excited-state energy transfer both in the singlet and triplet states are discussed. The results suggest that MSDFT may be used as an efficient approach to treat intermolecular interactions in excited states with a minimal active space (MAS) for interpretation of the results and for dynamic simulations, although the selection of a small active space is often system dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Bao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Christian P Hettich
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Qiang Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiali Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Beijing University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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14
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UV/Vis absorption spectrum calculations of benzo-1,2-dipyrene isomer using long-range corrected density functional theory. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.138023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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do Casal MT, Cardozo TM. Impact of low-cost methods in the description of excimer and exciplex formation: pyrene–pyrene and pyrene–naphthalene case studies. Theor Chem Acc 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-020-02658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Rodríguez-Lavado J, Lorente A, Flores E, Ochoa A, Godoy F, Jaque P, Saitz C. Elucidating sensing mechanisms of a pyrene excimer-based calix[4]arene for ratiometric detection of Hg(ii) and Ag(i) and chemosensor behaviour as INHIBITION or IMPLICATION logic gates. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21963-21973. [PMID: 35516608 PMCID: PMC9054513 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04092d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports the synthesis and characterisation of two lower rim calix[4]arene derivatives with thiourea as spacer and pyrene or methylene-pyrene as fluorophore. Both derivatives exhibit a fluorimetric response towards Hg2+, Ag+ and Cu2+. Only methylene-pyrenyl derivative 2 allows for selective detection of Hg2+ and Ag+ by enhancement or decrease of excimer emission, respectively. The limits of detection of 2 are 8.11 nM (Hg2+) and 2.09 nM (Ag+). DFT and TD-DFT computational studies were carried out and used to identify possible binding modes that explain the observed response during fluorescence titrations. Calculations revealed the presence of different binding sites depending on the conformation of 2, which suggest a reasonable explanation for non-linear changes in fluorescence depending on the physical nature of the interaction between metal centre and conformer. INHIBITION and IMPLICATION logic gates have also been generated monitoring signal outputs at pyrene monomer (395 nm) and excimer (472 nm) emission, respectively. Thus 2 is a potential primary sensor towards Ag+ and Hg2+ able to configure two different logic gate operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Rodríguez-Lavado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile Olivos 1007 Independencia Santiago Chile
| | - Alejandro Lorente
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile Olivos 1007 Independencia Santiago Chile
| | - Erick Flores
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Universidad de Santiago de Chile Libertador Bernardo ÓHiggins 3363 Santiago RM Chile
| | - Andrés Ochoa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile Olivos 1007 Independencia Santiago Chile
| | - Fernando Godoy
- Departamento de Química de Los Materiales, Universidad de Santiago de Chile Libertador Bernardo ÓHiggins 3363 Santiago RM Chile
| | - Pablo Jaque
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile Olivos 1007 Independencia Santiago Chile
| | - Claudio Saitz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile Olivos 1007 Independencia Santiago Chile
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Correia BB, Brown TR, Reibenspies JH, Lee HS, Hancock RD. Exciplex formation as an approach to selective Copper(II) fluorescent sensors. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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18
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Ishimatsu R, Tashiro S, Kasahara T, Oshima J, Mizuno J, Nakano K, Adachi C, Imato T. Kinetics of Excimer Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence of Pyrene and 1-Pyrenebutyricacid 2-Ethylhexylester in Acetonitrile and an Ionic Liquid, Triethylpentylphosphonium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:10825-10836. [PMID: 31804083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We describe the kinetics of excimer electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of a liquid pyrene derivative, 1-pyrenebutyricacid 2-ethylhexylester (PLQ) dissolved in a molecular solvent, acetonitrile (MeCN), and an ionic liquid, triethylpentylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([P2225][TFSI]). Pyrene was also used for comparison. To discuss the kinetics of the excimer ECLs, the photophysical and electrochemical properties and electronic states of PLQ and pyrene were revealed. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra, rate constants for the radiative transitions, and redox potentials of PLQ and pyrene dissolved in MeCN and [P2225][TFSI] suggest that as a solvent, [P2225][TFSI] behaves more polar than MeCN. By analyzing the PL decay curves, the rate constants to form the excimer were determined to be on the order of 109 and 107 M-1 s-1 in MeCN and [P2225][TFSI], respectively, which were limited by the diffusion. For neat PLQ (1.6 M), a delay of 0.3-0.4 ns for the excimer emission compared to the monomer emission was observed. It is likely that the delay corresponds to the timescale for arranging the conformation to form the excimer. The ECL of PLQ was generated by applying a square wave voltage to produce the radical anion and cation, and on the ECL spectra, the excimer emission was more prevailed compared to the PL spectra. Kinetic analysis for the electron transfer reaction between the radical ions based on Marcus theory indicates that the electron transfer is limited by the diffusion of the radical ions. Moreover, the electron transfer distance (det) between the radical cation and anion to generate excited states was calculated with a framework of the theory. Kinetically, the electron transfer can take place at det < ∼11 Å in MeCN and det < ∼12 Å in [P2225][TFSI]. The density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations show that the potential energy curve of the excimer against the distance between the pyrene rings reaches a minimum at 3.50 Å. This suggests that through the electron transfer, the process of the direct formation of the monomer S1 state followed by the excimer formation is more prevailed than that of the direct excimer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Ishimatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Shuya Tashiro
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Takashi Kasahara
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering , Hosei University , 3-7-2 Kajino-cho , Koganei , Tokyo 184-8584 , Japan
| | - Juro Oshima
- Frontier Materials Research Department, Materials Research Laboratories , Nissan Chemical Corporation , 488-6 Suzumi-cho , Funabashi , Chiba 274-0052 , Japan
| | - Jun Mizuno
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation , Waseda University , 513 Wasedatsurumaki-cho , Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0041 , Japan
| | - Koji Nakano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Toshihiko Imato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , 744 Motooka , Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
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19
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20
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Reiter S, Roos MK, Vivie‐Riedle R. Excited State Conformations of Bridged and Unbridged Pyrene Excimers. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Reiter
- Department of ChemistryLudwig Maximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Matthias K. Roos
- Department of ChemistryLudwig Maximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Regina Vivie‐Riedle
- Department of ChemistryLudwig Maximilian University of Munich Butenandtstr. 11 81377 Munich Germany
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21
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Fujise K, Saibara T, Iwanaga T, Tsurumaki E, Toyota S. Box-shaped Cyclic Oligoarenes: Synthesis and Structure of Anthracene-1,8-diyl Cyclic Tetramers. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Fujise
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Saibara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Iwanaga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Okayama University of Science, 1-1 Ridaicho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Shinji Toyota
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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22
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Shi B, Nachtigallová D, Aquino AJA, Machado FBC, Lischka H. Excited states and excitonic interactions in prototypic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon dimers as models for graphitic interactions in carbon dots. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9077-9088. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00635d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The HOMO–LUMO transition in a stacked circum-1-coronene dimer as a model for excimer interactions in carbon dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baimei Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i
- The Czech Academy of Sciences
- Flemingovo nám. 2
- 16610 Prague 6
- Czech Republic
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - Francisco B. C. Machado
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica
- São José dos Campos 12228-900
- Brazil
| | - Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
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23
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Krueger RA, Blanquart G. Predicting aromatic exciplex fluorescence emission energies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10325-10335. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02027f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of PAH exciplex TDDFT fluorescence energies shows a linear relationship between the mean monomer HOMO–LUMO gap and complex fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A. Krueger
- Department of Chemistry
- The California Institute of Technology
- Pasadena
- USA
| | - Guillaume Blanquart
- Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering
- The California Institute of Technology
- Pasadena
- USA
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24
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Cardozo TM, Galliez AP, Borges I, Plasser F, Aquino AJA, Barbatti M, Lischka H. Dynamics of benzene excimer formation from the parallel-displaced dimer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 21:13916-13924. [PMID: 30570626 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp06354k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Excimers play a key role in a variety of excited-state processes, such as exciton trapping, fluorescence quenching, and singlet-fission. The dynamics of benzene excimer formation in the first 2 ps after S1 excitation from the parallel-displaced geometry of the benzene dimer is reported here. It was simulated via nonadiabatic surface-hopping dynamics using the second-order algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC(2)). After excitation, the benzene rings take ∼0.5-1.0 ps to approach each other in a parallel-stacked structure of the S1 minimum and stay in the excimer region for ∼0.1-0.4 ps before leaving due to excess vibrational energy. The S1-S2 gap widens considerably while the rings visit the excimer region in the potential energy surface. Our work provides detailed insight into correlations between nuclear and electronic structure in the excimer and shows that decreased ring distance goes along with enhanced charge transfer and that fast exciton transfer happens between the rings, leading to the equal probability of finding the exciton in each ring after around 1.0 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Messias Cardozo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Andre Pessoa Galliez
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Itamar Borges
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Militar de Engenharia, Praça General Tibúrcio, 80, 22290-270 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Adelia J A Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA and Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | - Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA and Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstraße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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25
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ISHIMATSU R. An Analytical Approach for Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Based on the Electronic States of Light Emitting Materials. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2018. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.67.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi ISHIMATSU
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
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26
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Lischka H, Nachtigallová D, Aquino AJA, Szalay PG, Plasser F, Machado FBC, Barbatti M. Multireference Approaches for Excited States of Molecules. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7293-7361. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 16610 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
- Institute for Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Felix Plasser
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco B. C. Machado
- Departamento de Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, São José dos Campos 12228-900, São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Gao Y, Liu H, Zhang S, Gu Q, Shen Y, Ge Y, Yang B. Excimer formation and evolution of excited state properties in discrete dimeric stacking of an anthracene derivative: a computational investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:12129-12137. [PMID: 29682655 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00834e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, density functional theory (DFT) computations were performed to investigate the discrete dimer of a mono-substituted anthracene derivative (2-TA-AN), which exhibited highly efficient pure excimer fluorescence in its crystal form. As a more practical model, its geometry, potential energy curve and excited state property were systematically calculated to better understand the excimer formation process and photophysical properties. The compressed excimer geometry is responsible for the highly efficient excimer emission, arising from the enhanced rigidity that greatly suppresses its non-radiative vibrations. Potential energy curves along three directions reveal the non-uniqueness of excimer formation along the long axis of anthracene, which is in a good agreement with the experimental findings. Upon decreasing the displacement, the intermonomer charge-transfer (CT) component gradually increased towards an approximately equivalent hybridization with the locally-emissive (LE) state of the monomer during the formation of the excimer. The excimer emission wavelength versus intermonomer CT content shows a similar trend along the three directions, revealing a turning point related to the essential transition of the excited state properties from the LE of the monomer to the HLCT of the excimer. The present results will contribute to the better understanding of the structure-property relationships in excimer formation and photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
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28
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Aguilar-Castillo BA, Sánchez-Bojorge NA, Chávez-Flores D, Camacho-Dávila AA, Pasillas-Ornelas E, Rodríguez-Valdez LM, Zaragoza-Galán G. Naphtyl- and pyrenyl-flavylium dyads: Synthesis, DFT and optical properties. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Capello MC, Hernández FJ, Broquier M, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C, Pino GA. Hydrogen bonds vs. π-stacking interactions in the p-aminophenolp-cresol dimer: an experimental and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:31260-31267. [PMID: 27819104 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06352g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The gas phase structure and excited state lifetime of the p-aminophenolp-cresol heterodimer have been investigated by REMPI and LIF spectroscopy with nanosecond laser pulses and pump-probe experiments with picosecond laser pulses as a model system to study the competition between π-π and H-bonding interactions in aromatic dimers. The excitation is a broad and unstructured band. The excited state of the heterodimer is long lived (2.5 ± 0.5) ns with a very broad fluorescence spectrum red-shifted by 4000 cm-1 with respect to the excitation spectrum. Calculations at the MP2/RI-CC2 and DFT-ωB97X-D levels indicate that hydrogen-bonded (HB) and π-stacked isomers are almost isoenergetic in the ground state while in the excited state only the π-stacked isomer exists. This suggests that the HB isomer cannot be excited due to negligible Franck-Condon factors and therefore the excitation spectrum is associated with the π-stacked isomer that reaches vibrationally excited states in the S1 state upon vertical excitation. The excited state structure is an exciplex responsible for the fluorescence of the complex. Finally, a comparison was performed between the π-stacked structure observed for the p-aminophenolp-cresol heterodimer and the HB structure reported for the (p-cresol)2 homodimer indicating that the differences are due to different optical properties (oscillator strengths and Franck-Condon factors) of the isomers of both dimers and not to the interactions involved in the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Capello
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico Química de Córdoba (INFIQC) CONICET - UNC. Dpto. de Fisicoquímica - Facultad de Ciencias Químicas - Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - F J Hernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico Química de Córdoba (INFIQC) CONICET - UNC. Dpto. de Fisicoquímica - Facultad de Ciencias Químicas - Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - M Broquier
- Centre Laser de l'Université Paris Sud (CLUPS/LUMAT), Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Univ. Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France and Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | | | - C Jouvet
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, PIIM UMR 7345, Marseille, 13397, France
| | - G A Pino
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico Química de Córdoba (INFIQC) CONICET - UNC. Dpto. de Fisicoquímica - Facultad de Ciencias Químicas - Centro Láser de Ciencias Moleculares - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina.
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30
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Singh A, Pati AK, Mishra AK. Photophysics and peripheral ring size dependent aggregate emission of cross-conjugated enediynes: applications to white light emission and vapor sensing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4167-4180. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08091c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photophysical understanding of organic fluorophores with π-conjugated scaffolds is crucial as such dyes are central to optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
| | - Avik Kumar Pati
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
| | - Ashok Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Madras
- Chennai 600036
- India
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31
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Abstract
Potential applications of excimer states in organic electronics such as sun-like emission of light are presented in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Vollbrecht
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Paderborn
- Paderborn
- Germany
- Center for Optoelectronics and Photonics Paderborn
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32
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Kim D. A Theoretical Study of Benzene Dimers in the Excited States: Wavefunction Delocalization, Charge-Transfer Admixture, and Electronic Coupling. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Kyonggi University; Suwon 440-760 Korea
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33
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Day PN, Pachter R, Nguyen KA. A Theoretical Investigation of the Structure and Optical Properties of a Silver Cluster in Solid Form and in Solution. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:326-333. [PMID: 27959527 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b10868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Using density functional theory (DFT) and linear and quadratic response time-dependent DFT, we investigated the structure and optical properties of a silver sulfide cluster with the interesting property of dual emission that was observed when in crystal form but not in solution. Since the dual fluorescence is observed only in the crystal, a supposition of stabilization of a higher-energy excited state by an excimer-like complex was analyzed by calculations for a cluster dimer, formed through π-stacking of aromatic groups bonded to the sulfur atoms. However, because of the complexity of the system, a simple one-dimensional method for dimer optimization, which works moderately well in predicting the red-shifted fluorescence compared to its absorption in a naphthalene dimer, predicts only partially the red shift for the emission energy. Interestingly, calculations of the two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section on the optimized isolated cluster as well as the crystal structure geometry indicate significant off-resonance TPA. While some materials have significantly larger TPA cross-sections, such a TPA cross-section off-resonance could be useful. The high density of states in the dimer system results in a higher probability for significant resonance enhancement and thus much larger TPA cross-sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Day
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States.,Universal Technology Corporation , Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
| | - Ruth Pachter
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Kiet A Nguyen
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States.,UES, Inc. , Dayton, Ohio 45432, United States
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34
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Kraskouskaya D, Cabral AD, Fong R, Bancerz M, Toutah K, Rosa D, Gardiner JE, de Araujo ED, Duodu E, Armstrong D, Fekl U, Gunning PT. Characterization and application studies of ProxyPhos, a chemosensor for the detection of proximally phosphorylated peptides and proteins in aqueous solutions. Analyst 2017; 142:2451-2459. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an02537d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Optimization of ProxyPhos peptide and protein assay conditions along with sample applications are presented.
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35
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Vannay L, Brémond E, de Silva P, Corminboeuf C. Visualizing and Quantifying Interactions in the Excited State. Chemistry 2016; 22:18442-18449. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Vannay
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Eric Brémond
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- CompuNet; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; via Morego 30 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Piotr de Silva
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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36
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Dubinets NO, Safonov AA, Bagaturyants AA. Structures and Binding Energies of the Naphthalene Dimer in Its Ground and Excited States. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2779-82. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. O. Dubinets
- Photochemistry Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Novatorov 7a, Moscow 119421, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering
Physics Institute), Kashirskoye shosse
31, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A. A. Safonov
- Photochemistry Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Novatorov 7a, Moscow 119421, Russia
| | - A. A. Bagaturyants
- Photochemistry Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Novatorov 7a, Moscow 119421, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering
Physics Institute), Kashirskoye shosse
31, Moscow 115409, Russia
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37
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Shirai S, Kurashige Y, Yanai T. Computational Evidence of Inversion of 1La and 1Lb-Derived Excited States in Naphthalene Excimer Formation from ab Initio Multireference Theory with Large Active Space: DMRG-CASPT2 Study. J Chem Theory Comput 2016; 12:2366-72. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.6b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Shirai
- Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurashige
- Department
of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- Japan Science and
Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Department
of Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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38
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Matsumoto H, Nishimura Y, Arai T. Aggregated Excimer Formation through Hydrogen Bonding in a Pyrene–Urea Derivative. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20150060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
| | | | - Tatsuo Arai
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba
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39
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Krausko J, Malongwe JK, Bičanová G, Klán P, Nachtigallová D, Heger D. Spectroscopic Properties of Naphthalene on the Surface of Ice Grains Revisited: A Combined Experimental–Computational Approach. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:8565-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Flemingovo
nam. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
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40
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Balmer FA, Trachsel MA, van der Avoird A, Leutwyler S. The elusive S2 state, the S1/S2 splitting, and the excimer states of the benzene dimer. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:234306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska A. Balmer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria A. Trachsel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ad van der Avoird
- Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel Leutwyler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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41
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Jara-Cortés J, Rocha-Rinza T, Hernández-Trujillo J. Electron density analysis of aromatic complexes in excited electronic states: The benzene and naphthalene excimers. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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42
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Yataka Y, Sawada T, Serizawa T. Enzymatic synthesis and post-functionalization of two-dimensional crystalline cellulose oligomers with surface-reactive groups. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:12525-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04378f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional crystalline cellulose oligomers with surface-reactive azide groups were synthesized by enzymatic reactions and covalently post-functionalized with alkyne-containing dye molecules through click reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Yataka
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Meguro-ku
- Japan
| | - Toshiki Sawada
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Meguro-ku
- Japan
| | - Takeshi Serizawa
- Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Meguro-ku
- Japan
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43
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Kim D. A Theoretical Study of the Formation of Benzene Excimer: Effects of Geometry Relaxation and Spin-state Dependence. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.9.2738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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44
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Bergendahl LT, Paterson MJ. Excited states of porphyrin and porphycene aggregates: Computational insights. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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45
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Kania R, Malongwe JK, Nachtigallová D, Krausko J, Gladich I, Roeselová M, Heger D, Klán P. Spectroscopic Properties of Benzene at the Air–Ice Interface: A Combined Experimental–Computational Approach. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:7535-47. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501094n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Kania
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Krausko
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Gladich
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, I-34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina Roeselová
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, AS CR, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Heger
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Klán
- RECETOX,
Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
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46
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Yousuf M, Ahmed N, Shirinfar B, Miriyala VM, Youn IS, Kim KS. Precise tuning of cationic cyclophanes toward highly selective fluorogenic recognition of specific biophosphate anions. Org Lett 2014; 16:2150-3. [PMID: 24702047 DOI: 10.1021/ol500613y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Cationic cyclophanes with bridging and spacer groups possess well-organized semirigid cavities and are able to encapsulate and stabilize anionic species through diverse molecular interactions. We highlight the precise tuning of functionalized cyclophanes toward selective recognition of AMP, GTP, and pyrophosphate (PPi) using fluorescence, NMR spectroscopy, and density functional theory (DFT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yousuf
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology , Pohang 790-784, Korea
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47
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Yeşilot S, Çoşut B, Alidağı HA, Hacıvelioğlu F, Özpınar GA, Kılıç A. Intramolecular excimer formation in hexakis(pyrenyloxy)cyclotriphosphazene: photophysical properties, crystal structure, and theoretical investigation. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:3428-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52957f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hexakis(pyrenyloxy)cyclotriphosphazene was synthesized by the reaction of N3P3Cl6 with 2-hydroxypyrene, and its excimer emission has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Yeşilot
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Institute of Technology
- Gebze 41400, Turkey
| | - Bünyemin Çoşut
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Institute of Technology
- Gebze 41400, Turkey
| | | | | | - Gül Altınbaş Özpınar
- Department of Chemistry Technology
- Biga Vocational School
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University
- Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Adem Kılıç
- Department of Chemistry
- Gebze Institute of Technology
- Gebze 41400, Turkey
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48
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Mori T, Inoue Y. Charge-transfer excitation: unconventional yet practical means for controlling stereoselectivity in asymmetric photoreactions. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8122-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60117j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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