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Perraud V, Roundtree K, Morris PM, Smith JN, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Implications for new particle formation in air of the use of monoethanolamine in carbon capture and storage. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9005-9020. [PMID: 38440810 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00316k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Alkanolamines are currently being deployed in carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology worldwide, and atmospheric emissions have been found to coincide with locations exhibiting elevated concentrations of methanesulfonic acid (MSA). It is thus critical to understand the fate and potential atmospheric reactions of these chemicals. This study reports the characterization of sub-10 nm nanoparticles produced through the acid-base reaction between gas phase monoethanolamine (MEA) and MSA, a product of organosulfur compound oxidation in air, using a flow reactor under dry and humid (up to ∼60% RH) conditions. Number size distribution measurements show that MEA is even more efficient than methylamine in forming nanoparticles on reaction with MSA. This is attributed to the fact that the MEA structure contains both an -NH2 and an -OH group that facilitate hydrogen bonding within the clusters, in addition to the electrostatic interactions. Due to this already strong H-bond network, water has a relatively small influence on new particle formation (NPF) and growth in this system, in contrast to MSA reactions with alkylamines. Acid/base molar ratios of unity for 4-12 nm particles were measured using thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The data indicate that reaction of MEA with MSA may dominate NPF under some atmospheric conditions. Thus, the unique characteristics of alkanolamines in NPF must be taken into account for accurate predictions of impacts of CCS on visibility, health and climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Perraud
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Kanuri Roundtree
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Patricia M Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - James N Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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2
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Kjærgaard ER, Møller KH, Kjaergaard HG. Atmospheric Oxidation of Hydroperoxy Amides. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:9311-9321. [PMID: 37877667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, hydroperoxy amides were identified as major products of OH-initiated autoxidation of tertiary amines in the atmosphere. The formation mechanism is analogous to that found for ethers and sulfides but substantially faster. However, the atmospheric fate of the hydroperoxy amides remains unknown. Using high-level theoretical methods, we study the most likely OH-initiated oxidation pathways of the hydroperoxy and dihydroperoxy amides derived from trimethylamine autoxidation. Overall, we find that the OH-initiated oxidation of the hydroperoxy amides predominantly leads to the formation of imides under NO-dominated conditions and more highly oxidized hydroperoxy amides under HO2-dominated conditions. Unimolecular reactions are found to be surprisingly slow, likely due to the restricting, planar structure of the amide moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva R Kjærgaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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3
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Quaid T, Reza T. COSMO Prediction of Siloxane Compounds Absorption on Type 3 and Type 5 Deep Eutectic Solvents. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2023.100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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4
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Norling MD, Clayer F, Gundersen CB. Levels of nitramines and nitrosamines in lake drinking water close to a CO 2 capture plant: A modelling perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113581. [PMID: 35654158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While CO2 capture is considered a key climate change mitigation option, we must ensure that global implementation occurs without causing harm to the local environment and the human health. The most mature option for capture is using amines, which however, is associated with a risk of contaminating nearby drinking water sources with carcinogenic nitramines (NAs) and nitrosamines (NSAs). Here we present the first process-based simulation of NAs and NSAs in a catchment-lake system with the input of previously modelled atmospheric deposition rates. Considering full-scale CO2 capture at the Oslo waste incineration plant in Norway, future (∼10 y) levels in a nearby lake approach the national drinking water limit. We further quantified the effect of hydrological and biogeochemical processes and identified those with the highest sensitivity (NA biodegradation). The uncertainty of the results is presented by a probabilistic distribution (Monte Carlo analysis), incorporating variability in catchment, lake, and literature NA and NSA parameter values. This modelling tool allows for the site-specific assessment of the abovementioned risks related to amine-based CO2 capture and aspires to contribute to the sound evaluation of costly amine emission reduction measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus D Norling
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - François Clayer
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine B Gundersen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway.
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5
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Fomete SKW, Johnson JS, Myllys N, Jen CN. Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Enhancement of Alkanolamines on Sulfuric Acid Nucleation. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4057-4067. [PMID: 35729723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA) are extensively used for CO2 capture and consumer products. Despite their prevalence in industrial applications, the fate of alkanolamines in the atmosphere remains relatively unknown. One likely reaction pathway for these chemicals in the atmosphere is new particle formation with sulfuric acid. Here, we present the first experimental results showing the formation of sulfuric acid dimers enhanced by MEA, DEA, and TEA from the measurement of molecular clusters. This study examines the nucleation reactions of MEA, DEA, and TEA with sulfuric acid in a clean, laminar flow reactor. The chemical compositions and concentrations of the freshly nucleated clusters were analyzed using a custom-built atmospheric pressure chemical ionization long time-of-flight mass spectrometer known as the Pittsburgh Cluster CIMS. Quantum chemical calculations and kinetic modeling of sulfuric acid-MEA/DEA/TEA clusters were also performed to determine relative cluster stabilities between these sulfuric acid-base systems. Experimental results indicate that MEA, DEA, and TEA at the part per trillion by volume (pptv) concentrations can enhance sulfuric acid dimer formation rates but to a lesser extent than dimethylamine (DMA). Thus, MEA, DEA, and TEA will potentially play an important role in new particle formation in industrial cities where these alkanolamines are emitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra K W Fomete
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jack S Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Nanna Myllys
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Coty N Jen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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6
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Wei Y, Zhang Q, Huo X, Wang W, Wang Q. The reaction of Criegee intermediates with formamide and its implication to atmospheric aerosols. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133717. [PMID: 35077731 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reactions of Criegee intermediates (CIs) play an important role in the formation of secondary organic aerosols that have negative effect on visibility, human health, and global climate. New particle formation (NPF) can contribute to more than half of the aerosols in terms of their number concentration. Here, the reactions of CIs with formamide (FA) in the gas-phase and at the air/water interface were investigated using quantum chemistry calculation and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic simulations. The results show that the reaction mechanism of CIs with FA is similar to that with formic acid, and the formation of hydroperoxymethyl formimidate (P4) is the most favorable pathway both in the gas-phase and at the air/water interface. Moreover, the potential contribution of the products to NPF was also evaluated by means of the molecular dynamic simulations. The results indicate that the product (P4) can participate in the SA-based NPF and water molecules are beneficial to enhance the NPF. The exploration will provide insight into the reaction of CIs with amide and the effect of the Criegee chemistry on the atmospheric aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wei
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
| | - Xinxi Huo
- Office of Supervisory and Audit, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
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7
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Li X, Li Y, Lawler MJ, Hao J, Smith JN, Jiang J. Composition of Ultrafine Particles in Urban Beijing: Measurement Using a Thermal Desorption Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:2859-2868. [PMID: 33577293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFPs) dominate the particle number population in the urban atmosphere and revealing their chemical composition is important. The thermal desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometer (TDCIMS) can semicontinuously measure UFP composition at the molecular level. We modified a TDCIMS and deployed it in urban Beijing. Radioactive materials in the TDCIMS for aerosol charging and chemical ionization were replaced by soft X-ray ionizers so that it can be operated in countries with tight regulations on radioactive materials. Protonated N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone ions were used as the positive reagent ion, which selectively detects ammonia and low-molecular weight-aliphatic amines and amides vaporized from the particle phase. With superoxide as the negative reagent ion, a wide range of inorganic and organic compounds were observed, including nitrate, sulfate, aliphatic acids with carbon numbers up to 18, and highly oxygenated CHO, CHON, and CHOS compounds. The latter two can be attributed to parent ions or the decomposition products of organonitrates and organosulfates/organosulfonates, respectively. Components from both primary emissions and secondary formation of UFPs were identified. Compared to the UFPs measured at forest and marine sites, those in urban Beijing contain more nitrogen-containing and sulfur-containing compounds. These observations illustrate unique features of the UFPs in the urban environment and provide insights into their origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Michael J Lawler
- Chemistry Department, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jiming Hao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - James N Smith
- Chemistry Department, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jingkun Jiang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
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8
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Zuo C, Zhao X, Wang H, Ma X, Zheng S, Xu F, Zhang Q. A theoretical study of hydrogen-bonded molecular clusters of sulfuric acid and organic acids with amides. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 100:328-339. [PMID: 33279046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amides, a series of significant atmospheric nitrogen-containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), can participate in new particle formation (NPF) throught interacting with sulfuric acid (SA) and organic acids. In this study, we investigated the molecular interactions of formamide (FA), acetamide (AA), N-methylformamide (MF), propanamide (PA), N-methylacetamide (MA), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with SA, acetic acid (HAC), propanoic acid (PAC), oxalic acid (OA), and malonic acid (MOA). Global minimum of clusters were obtained through the association of the artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The conformational analysis, thermochemical analysis, frequency analysis, and topological analysis were conducted to determine the interactions of hydrogen-bonded molecular clusters. The heterodimers formed a hepta or octa membered ring through four different types of hydrogen bonds, and the strength of the bonds are ranked in the following order: SOH•••O > COH•••O > NH•••O > CH•••O. We also evaluated the stability of the clusters and found that the stabilization effect of amides with SA is weaker than that of amines with SA but stronger than that of ammonia (NH3) with SA in the dimer formation of nucleation process. Additionally, the nucleation capacity of SA with amides is greater than that of organic acids with amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenpeng Zuo
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xianwei Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hetong Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China; Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
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9
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Zhao X, Li Y, Zuo C, Sun Y, Xu F, Nadykto AB, Du L, Xu Y, Zhang Q, Wang W. Propionamide participating in H 2SO 4-based new particle formation: a theory study. RSC Adv 2020; 11:493-500. [PMID: 35423025 PMCID: PMC8690887 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09323h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Propionamide (PA), an important pollutant emitted into the atmosphere from a variety of sources, is abundant in many areas worldwide, and could be involved in new particle formation (NPF). In this study, the enhancement of the H2SO4 (SA)-based NPF by PA was evaluated through investigating the formation mechanism of (PA)m(SA)n (m = 0–3 and n = 0–3) clusters using computational chemistry and kinetics modeling. Our study proved that the formation of all the PA-containing clusters is thermodynamically favorable. Furthermore, the
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O group in PA plays an important role in the clusters with more PA than SA, and the basicity of bases exerts a greater influence with an increasing amount of SA. We demonstrate that although the enhancing potential of PA is lower than that of the strongest enhancers of SA-based NPF such as methylamine (MA) and dimethylamine (DMA), PA can enhance the SA-based NPF at the parts per billion (ppb) level, which is typical for concentrations of C3-amides in, for example, urban Shanghai (China). The monomer evaporation is the dominant degradation pathway for the (PA)m(SA)n clusters, which differs from that of the SA–DMA system. The formation rate of PA-containing clusters is comparable to the rate coefficients for PA oxidation by hydroxyl (OH) radicals, indicating that participating in the SA-based NPF is a crucial sink for PA. Propionamide (PA), an important pollutant emitted into the atmosphere from a variety of sources, is abundant in many areas worldwide, and could be involved in new particle formation (NPF).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986.,Chinese Research Institute Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory Environmental Criteria & Risk Assessment Beijing 100012 P. R. China
| | - Chenpeng Zuo
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986
| | - Yanhui Sun
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao 266042 P. R. China
| | - Fei Xu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986.,Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University Shenzhen 518057 P. R. China
| | - Alexey B Nadykto
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Moscow State University of Technology "Stankin" Vadkovsky 1 Moscow 127055 Russia +7-495-9729-521
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986
| | - Yisheng Xu
- Chinese Research Institute Environmental Science, State Key Laboratory Environmental Criteria & Risk Assessment Beijing 100012 P. R. China
| | - Qingzhu Zhang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986
| | - Wenxing Wang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University Qingdao 266237 P. R. China +86-532-5863-1986
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Møller KH, Berndt T, Kjaergaard HG. Atmospheric Autoxidation of Amines. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:11087-11099. [PMID: 32786344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Autoxidation has been acknowledged as a major oxidation pathway in a broad range of atmospherically important compounds including isoprene, monoterpenes, and very recently, dimethyl sulfide. Here, we present a high-level theoretical multiconformer transition-state theory study of the atmospheric autoxidation in amines exemplified by the atmospherically important trimethylamine (TMA) and dimethylamine and generalized by the study of the larger diethylamine. Overall, we find that the initial hydrogen shift reactions have rate coefficients greater than 0.1 s-1 and autoxidation is thus an important atmospheric pathway for amines. This autoxidation efficiently leads to the formation of hydroperoxy amides, a new type of atmospheric nitrogen-containing compounds, and for TMA, we experimentally confirm this. The conversion of amines to hydroperoxy amides may have important implications for nucleation and growth of atmospheric secondary organic aerosols and atmospheric OH recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Torsten Berndt
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department (ACD), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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11
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Perraud V, Li X, Smith JN, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Novel ionization reagent for the measurement of gas-phase ammonia and amines using a stand-alone atmospheric pressure gas chromatography (APGC) source. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34:e8561. [PMID: 31429122 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Contaminants present in ambient air or in sampling lines can interfere with the target analysis through overlapping peaks or causing a high background. This study presents a positive outcome from the unexpected presence of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, released from a PALL HEPA filter, in the analysis of atmospherically relevant gas-phase amines using chemical ionization mass spectrometry. METHODS Gas-phase measurements were performed using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with a modified atmospheric pressure gas chromatography (APGC) source which allows sampling of the headspace above pure amine standards. Gas-phase N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) emitted from a PALL HEPA filter located in the inlet stream served as the ionizing agent. RESULTS This study demonstrates that some alkylamines efficiently form a [NMP + amine+H]+ cluster with NMP upon chemical ionization at atmospheric pressure. The extent of cluster formation depends largely on the proton affinity of the amine compared with that of NMP. Aromatic amines (aniline, pyridine) and diamines (putrescine) were shown not to form cluster ions with NMP. CONCLUSIONS The use of NMP as an ionizing agent with stand-alone APGC provided high sensitivity for ammonia and the smaller amines. The main advantages, in addition to sensitivity, are direct sampling into the APGC source and avoiding uptake on sampling lines which can be a significant problem with ammonia and amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Perraud
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - James N Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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12
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Ma F, Xie HB, Elm J, Shen J, Chen J, Vehkamäki H. Piperazine Enhancing Sulfuric Acid-Based New Particle Formation: Implications for the Atmospheric Fate of Piperazine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8785-8795. [PMID: 31287292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Piperazine (PZ), a cyclic diamine, is one of 160 detected atmospheric amines and an alternative solvent to the widely used monoethanolamine in post-combustion CO2 capture. Participating in H2SO4 (sulfuric acid, SA)-based new particle formation (NPF) could be an important removal pathway for PZ. Here, we employed quantum chemical calculations and kinetics modeling to evaluate the enhancing potential of PZ on SA-based NPF by examining the formation of PZ-SA clusters. The results indicate that PZ behaves more like a monoamine in stabilizing SA and can enhance SA-based NPF at the parts per trillion (ppt) level. The enhancing potential of PZ is less than that of the chainlike diamine putrescine and greater than that of dimethylamine, which is one of the strongest enhancing agents confirmed by ambient observations and experiments. After the initial formation of the (PZ)1(SA)1 cluster, the cluster mainly grows by gradual addition of SA or PZ monomer, followed by addition of (PZ)1(SA)1 cluster. We find that the ratio of PZ removal by NPF to that by the combination of NPF and oxidations is 0.5-0.97 at 278.15 K. As a result, we conclude that participation in the NPF pathway could significantly alter the environmental impact of PZ compared to only considering oxidation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Hong-Bin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jonas Elm
- Department of Chemistry and iClimate , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140 , DK- 8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Jiewen Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Hanna Vehkamäki
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a , FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
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Kiss B, Picaud S, Szőri M, Jedlovszky P. Adsorption of Formamide at the Surface of Amorphous and Crystalline Ices under Interstellar and Tropospheric Conditions. A Grand Canonical Monte Carlo Simulation Study. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:2935-2948. [PMID: 30839213 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of formamide is studied both at the surface of crystalline (Ih) ice at 200 K and at the surface of low density amorphous (LDA) ice in the temperature range of 50-200 K by grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation. These systems are characteristic of the upper troposphere and of the interstellar medium (ISM), respectively. Our results reveal that while no considerable amount of formamide is dissolved in the bulk ice phase in any case, the adsorption of formamide at the ice surface under these conditions is a very strongly preferred process, which has to be taken into account when studying the chemical reactivity in these environments. The adsorption is found to lead to the formation of multimolecular adsorption layer, the occurrence of which somewhat precedes the saturation of the first molecular layer. Due to the strong lateral interaction acting between the adsorbed formamide molecules, the adsorption isotherm does not follow the Langmuir shape. Adsorption is found to be slightly stronger on LDA than Ih ice under identical thermodynamic conditions, due to the larger surface area exposed to the adsorption. Indeed, the monomolecular adsorption capacity of the LDA and Ih ice surfaces is found to be 10.5 ± 0.7 μmol/m2 and 9.4 μmol/m2, respectively. The first layer formamide molecules are very strongly bound to the ice surface, forming typically four hydrogen bonds with each other and the surface water molecules. The heat of adsorption at infinitely low surface coverage is found to be -105.6 kJ/mol on Ih ice at 200 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Kiss
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Miskolc , Egyetemváros A/2 , H-3515 Miskolc , Hungary.,University of Lille, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, LASIR (UMR CNRS 8516), 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq , France
| | - Sylvain Picaud
- Institut UTINAM (CNRS UMR 6213), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray , F-25030 Besançon , France
| | - Milán Szőri
- Institute of Chemistry , University of Miskolc , Egyetemváros A/2 , H-3515 Miskolc , Hungary
| | - Pál Jedlovszky
- Department of Chemistry , Eszterházy Károly University , Leányka u. 6 , H-3300 Eger , Hungary
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Ge P, Luo G, Luo Y, Huang W, Xie H, Chen J. A molecular-scale study on the hydration of sulfuric acid-amide complexes and the atmospheric implication. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:453-462. [PMID: 30245222 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Amides are ubiquitous in atmosphere. However, the role of amides in new particle formation (NPF) is poorly understood. Herein, the interaction of urea and formamide with sulfuric acid (SA) and up to four water (W) molecules has been studied at the M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory. The structures and properties of (Formamide)(SA)(W)n (n = 0-4) and (Urea)(SA)(W)n (n = 0-4) clusters were investigated. Results show that the interaction of SA with the CO group of amides plays a more important role in amide clusters compared with the NH2 group. Proton transfer to water molecule become dominant in highly hydrated amide clusters at lower temperatures. There is no proton transfer to CO group in formamide clusters. The Rayleigh light scattering intensities of amide clusters are comparable to that of amine and oxalic acid clusters reported previously. Moreover, unhydrated (Amide)(SA) clusters have similar or even higher ability than hydrated SA clusters to participate in ion-induced nucleation. In comparison with formamide, urea has more interacting sites and its clusters have higher Rayleigh light scattering intensities, larger dipole moment, stronger interaction with SA and lower water affinity. The intermolecular interaction in (Formamide)(SA) is slightly weaker than that of SA dimer, which may be compensated by the high concentration of formamide, thus enabling formamide to participate in initial steps of NPF. This study may bring new insight into the role of amides in initial steps of NPF from molecular scale and could help better understand the properties of amide-containing organic aerosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Gen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Environmental Science & Optoelectronic Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hongbin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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15
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Cuéllar-Franca RM, García-Gutiérrez P, Taylor SFR, Hardacre C, Azapagic A. A novel methodology for assessing the environmental sustainability of ionic liquids used for CO 2 capture. Faraday Discuss 2018; 192:283-301. [PMID: 27498650 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00054a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as suitable sorbents for CO2 capture because of their high CO2 absorption capacity, thermal stability, negligible vapour pressure and physico-chemical tunability. However, the environmental implications of ILs are currently largely unknown because of a lack of data. The issue is further complicated by their complex chemical structures and numerous precursors for which environmental data are scarce or non-existent. In an attempt to address this issue, this paper presents a new methodology for estimating life cycle environmental impacts of novel ILs, with the aim of aiding synthesis and selection of more sustainable CO2 sorbents. The methodology consists of four main steps: (1) selection of an appropriate IL and synthesis route; (2) construction of a life cycle tree; (3) life cycle assessment; and (4) recommendations for improvements. The application of the methodology is illustrated using trihexyltetradecylphosphonium 1,2,4-triazolide ([P66614][124Triz]), a promising IL for CO2 capture currently under development. Following the above steps, the paper demonstrates how the data obtained from laboratory synthesis of the IL can be scaled up to industrial production to estimate life cycle impacts and identify environmental hotspots. In this particular case, the main hotspots are the precursors used in the synthesis of the IL. Comparison of impacts with monoethanolamine (MEA), currently the most widely-used CO2 sorbent, suggests that [P66614][124Triz] has much higher impacts than MEA, including global warming potential. However, human toxicity potential is significantly higher for MEA. Therefore, the proposed methodology can be used to optimise the design of ILs and to guide selection of more sustainable CO2 sorbents. Although the focus is on ILs, the methodology is generic and can be applied to other chemicals under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Cuéllar-Franca
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Pelayo García-Gutiérrez
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
| | - S F Rebecca Taylor
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Christopher Hardacre
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Adisa Azapagic
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, The Mill, Sackville Street, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
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16
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Fan X, Dawson J, Chen M, Qiu C, Khalizov A. Thermal Stability of Particle-Phase Monoethanolamine Salts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2409-2417. [PMID: 29368508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of monoethanolamine (MEA, 2-hydroxyethanamine) for scrubbing of carbon dioxide from combustion flue gases may become the dominant technology for carbon capture in the near future. The widespread implementation of this technology will result in elevated emissions of MEA to the environment that may increase the loading and modify the properties of atmospheric aerosols. We have utilized experimental measurements together with aerosol microphysics calculations to derive thermodynamic properties of several MEA salts, potentially the dominant forms of MEA in atmospheric particles. The stability of the salts was found to depend strongly on the chemical nature of the acid counterpart. The saturation vapor pressures and vaporization enthalpies obtained in this study can be used to evaluate the role of MEA in the aerosol and haze formation, helping to assess impacts of the MEA-based carbon capture technology on air quality and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Fan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing, 210044, China
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Joseph Dawson
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Hygiene, University of North Alabama , Florence, Alabama 35632, United States
| | - Mindong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology , Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Chong Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of New Haven , New Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Alexei Khalizov
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
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17
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Sarkar S, Mallick S, Kumar P, Bandyopadhyay B. Ammonolysis of ketene as a potential source of acetamide in the troposphere: a quantum chemical investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:13437-13447. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01650j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations at the CCSD(T)/CBS//MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ levels of theory have been carried out to investigate a potential new source of acetamide in Earth's atmosphere through the ammonolysis of the simplest ketene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saptarshi Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Subhasish Mallick
- Department of Chemistry
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Biman Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry
- Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur
- Jaipur
- India
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18
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Chen H, Wang M, Yao L, Chen J, Wang L. Uptake of Gaseous Alkylamides by Suspended Sulfuric Acid Particles: Formation of Ammonium/Aminium Salts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:11710-11717. [PMID: 28910093 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amides represent an important class of nitrogen-containing compounds in the atmosphere that can in theory interact with atmospheric acidic particles and contribute to secondary aerosol formation. In this study, uptake coefficients (γ) of six alkylamides (C1 to C3) by suspended sulfuric acid particles were measured using an aerosol flow tube coupled to a high resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HRToF-CIMS). At 293 K and < 3% relative humidity (RH), the measured uptake coefficients for six alkylamides were in the range of (4.8-23) × 10-2. A negative dependence upon RH was observed for both N-methylformamide and N,N-dimethylformamide, likely due to decreased mass accommodation coefficients (α) at lower acidities. A negative temperature dependence was observed for N,N-dimethylformamide under < 3% RH, also consistent with the mass accommodation-controlled uptake processes. Chemical analysis of reacted sulfuric acid particles indicates that alkylamides hydrolyzed in the presence of water molecules to form ammonium or aminium. Our results suggest that multiphase uptake of amides will contribute to growth of atmospheric acidic particles and alter their chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangfei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingyi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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19
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Yu K, Mitch WA, Dai N. Nitrosamines and Nitramines in Amine-Based Carbon Dioxide Capture Systems: Fundamentals, Engineering Implications, and Knowledge Gaps. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:11522-11536. [PMID: 28946738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Amine-based absorption is the primary contender for postcombustion CO2 capture from fossil fuel-fired power plants. However, significant concerns have arisen regarding the formation and emission of toxic nitrosamine and nitramine byproducts from amine-based systems. This paper reviews the current knowledge regarding these byproducts in CO2 capture systems. In the absorber, flue gas NOx drives nitrosamine and nitramine formation after its dissolution into the amine solvent. The reaction mechanisms are reviewed based on CO2 capture literature as well as biological and atmospheric chemistry studies. In the desorber, nitrosamines are formed under high temperatures by amines reacting with nitrite (a hydrolysis product of NOx), but they can also thermally decompose following pseudo-first order kinetics. The effects of amine structure, primarily amine order, on nitrosamine formation and the corresponding mechanisms are discussed. Washwater units, although intended to control emissions from the absorber, can contribute to additional nitrosamine formation when accumulated amines react with residual NOx. Nitramines are much less studied than nitrosamines in CO2 capture systems. Mitigation strategies based on the reaction mechanisms in each unit of the CO2 capture systems are reviewed. Lastly, we highlight research needs in clarifying reaction mechanisms, developing analytical methods for both liquid and gas phases, and integrating different units to quantitatively predict the accumulation and emission of nitrosamines and nitramines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - William A Mitch
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University , Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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20
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Sarma PJ, Gour NK, Bhattacharjee D, Mishra BK, Deka RC. Hydrogen atom abstraction from Piperazine by hydroxyl radical: a theoretical investigation. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1294714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nand Kishor Gour
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
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21
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Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Introductory lecture: atmospheric chemistry in the Anthropocene. Faraday Discuss 2017; 200:11-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00161d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The term “Anthropocene” was coined by Professor Paul Crutzen in 2000 to describe an unprecedented era in which anthropogenic activities are impacting planet Earth on a global scale. Greatly increased emissions into the atmosphere, reflecting the advent of the Industrial Revolution, have caused significant changes in both the lower and upper atmosphere. Atmospheric reactions of the anthropogenic emissions and of those with biogenic compounds have significant impacts on human health, visibility, climate and weather. Two activities that have had particularly large impacts on the troposphere are fossil fuel combustion and agriculture, both associated with a burgeoning population. Emissions are also changing due to alterations in land use. This paper describes some of the tropospheric chemistry associated with the Anthropocene, with emphasis on areas having large uncertainties. These include heterogeneous chemistry such as those of oxides of nitrogen and the neonicotinoid pesticides, reactions at liquid interfaces, organic oxidations and particle formation, the role of sulfur compounds in the Anthropocene and biogenic–anthropogenic interactions. A clear and quantitative understanding of the connections between emissions, reactions, deposition and atmospheric composition is central to developing appropriate cost-effective strategies for minimizing the impacts of anthropogenic activities. The evolving nature of emissions in the Anthropocene places atmospheric chemistry at the fulcrum of determining human health and welfare in the future.
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22
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Zhao H, Tang S, Xu X, Du L. Hydrogen Bonding Interaction between Atmospheric Gaseous Amides and Methanol. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 18:ijms18010004. [PMID: 28042825 PMCID: PMC5297639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Amides are important atmospheric organic–nitrogen compounds. Hydrogen bonded complexes of methanol (MeOH) with amides (formamide, N-methylformamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetamide, N-methylacetamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide) have been investigated. The carbonyl oxygen of the amides behaves as a hydrogen bond acceptor and the NH group of the amides acts as a hydrogen bond donor. The dominant hydrogen bonding interaction occurs between the carbonyl oxygen and the OH group of methanol as well as the interaction between the NH group of amides and the oxygen of methanol. However, the hydrogen bonds between the CH group and the carbonyl oxygen or the oxygen of methanol are also important for the overall stability of the complexes. Comparable red shifts of the C=O, NH- and OH-stretching transitions were found in these MeOH–amide complexes with considerable intensity enhancement. Topological analysis shows that the electron density at the bond critical points of the complexes fall in the range of hydrogen bonding criteria, and the Laplacian of charge density of the O–H∙∙∙O hydrogen bond slightly exceeds the upper value of the Laplacian criteria. The energy decomposition analysis further suggests that the hydrogen bonding interaction energies can be mainly attributed to the electrostatic, exchange and dispersion components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailiang Zhao
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Shanshan Tang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiang Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Changcheng Road 700, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China.
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Shanda South Road 27, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
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23
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Borduas N, Abbatt JPD, Murphy JG, So S, da Silva G. Gas-Phase Mechanisms of the Reactions of Reduced Organic Nitrogen Compounds with OH Radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:11723-11734. [PMID: 27690404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Research on the fate of reduced organic nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere has gained momentum since the identification of their crucial role in particle nucleation and the scale up of carbon capture and storage technology which employs amine-based solvents. Reduced organic nitrogen compounds have strikingly different lifetimes against OH radicals, from hours for amines to days for amides to years for isocyanates, highlighting unique functional group reactivity. In this work, we use ab initio methods to investigate the gas-phase mechanisms governing the reactions of amines, amides, isocyanates and carbamates with OH radicals. We determine that N-H abstraction is only a viable mechanistic pathway for amines and we identify a reactive pathway in amides, the formyl C-H abstraction, not currently considered in structure-activity relationship (SAR) models. We then use our acquired mechanistic knowledge and tabulated literature experimental rate coefficients to calculate SAR factors for reduced organic nitrogen compounds. These proposed SAR factors are an improvement over existing SAR models because they predict the experimental rate coefficients of amines, amides, isocyanates, isothiocyanates, carbamates and thiocarbamates with OH radicals within a factor of 2, but more importantly because they are based on a sound fundamental mechanistic understanding of their reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Borduas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jonathan P D Abbatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jennifer G Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sui So
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010, Australia
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24
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Bunkan AJC, Mikoviny T, Nielsen CJ, Wisthaler A, Zhu L. Experimental and Theoretical Study of the OH-Initiated Photo-oxidation of Formamide. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:1222-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Joakim C. Bunkan
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Tomas Mikoviny
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Claus J. Nielsen
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Armin Wisthaler
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Liang Zhu
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of
Chemistry, and ‡Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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25
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Lv B, Guo B, Zhou Z, Jing G. Mechanisms of CO2 Capture into Monoethanolamine Solution with Different CO2 Loading during the Absorption/Desorption Processes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:10728-10735. [PMID: 26236921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Though the mechanism of MEA-CO2 system has been widely studied, there is few literature on the detailed mechanism of CO2 capture into MEA solution with different CO2 loading during absorption/desorption processes. To get a clear picture of the process mechanism, (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used to analyze the reaction intermediates under different CO2 loadings and detailed mechanism on CO2 absorption and desorption in MEA was evaluated in this work. The results demonstrated that the CO2 absorption in MEA started with the formation of carbamate according to the zwitterion mechanism, followed by the hydration of CO2 to form HCO3(-)/CO3(2-), and accompanied by the hydrolysis of carbamate. It is interesting to find that the existence of carbamate will be influenced by CO2 loading and that it is rather unstable at high CO2 loading. At low CO2 loading, carbamate is formed fast by the reaction between CO2 and MEA. At high CO2 loading, it is formed by the reaction of CO3(-)/CO3(2-) with MEA, and the formed carbamate can be easily hydrolyzed by H(+). Moreover, CO2 desorption from the CO2-saturated MEA solution was proved to be a reverse process of absorption. Initially, some HCO3(-) were heated to release CO2 and other HCO3(-) were reacted with carbamic acid (MEAH(+)) to form carbamate, and the carbamate was then decomposed to MEA and CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihong Lv
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Bingsong Guo
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Zuoming Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Guohua Jing
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University , Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
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26
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Onel L, Blitz MA, Breen J, Rickard AR, Seakins PW. Branching ratios for the reactions of OH with ethanol amines used in carbon capture and the potential impact on carcinogen formation in the emission plume from a carbon capture plant. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:25342-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04083c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Branching ratios for the OH reaction with ethanol amines and potential risk of carcinogenic formation in the carbon capture plume.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Onel
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - M. A. Blitz
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)
| | - J. Breen
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
| | - A. R. Rickard
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of York
- York
- UK
| | - P. W. Seakins
- School of Chemistry
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)
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27
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Carbon Capture and Utilisation: Application of Life Cycle Thinking to Process Design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63577-8.50088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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28
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Borduas N, da Silva G, Murphy JG, Abbatt JPD. Experimental and theoretical understanding of the gas phase oxidation of atmospheric amides with OH radicals: kinetics, products, and mechanisms. J Phys Chem A 2014; 119:4298-308. [PMID: 25019427 DOI: 10.1021/jp503759f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Atmospheric amides have primary and secondary sources and are present in ambient air at low pptv levels. To better assess the fate of amides in the atmosphere, the room temperature (298 ± 3 K) rate coefficients of five different amides with OH radicals were determined in a 1 m(3) smog chamber using online proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). Formamide, the simplest amide, has a rate coefficient of (4.44 ± 0.46) × 10(-12) cm(3) molec(-1) s(-1) against OH, translating to an atmospheric lifetime of ∼1 day. N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide and propanamide, alkyl versions of formamide, have rate coefficients of (10.1 ± 0.6) × 10(-12), (5.42 ± 0.19) × 10(-12), and (1.78 ± 0.43) × 10(-12) cm(3) molec(-1) s(-1), respectively. Acetamide was also investigated, but due to its slow oxidation kinetics, we report a range of (0.4-1.1) × 10(-12) cm(3) molec(-1) s(-1) for its rate coefficient with OH radicals. Oxidation products were monitored and quantified and their time traces were fitted using a simple kinetic box model. To further probe the mechanism, ab initio calculations are used to identify the initial radical products of the amide reactions with OH. Our results indicate that N-H abstractions are negligible in all cases, in contrast to what is predicted by structure-activity relationships. Instead, the reactions proceed via C-H abstraction from alkyl groups and from formyl C(O)-H bonds when available. The latter process leads to radicals that can readily react with O2 to form isocyanates, explaining the detection of toxic compounds such as isocyanic acid (HNCO) and methyl isocyanate (CH3NCO). These contaminants of significant interest are primary oxidation products in the photochemical oxidation of formamide and N-methylformamide, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Borduas
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Gabriel da Silva
- ‡Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jennifer G Murphy
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Jonathan P D Abbatt
- †Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Ge X, Shaw SL, Zhang Q. Toward understanding amines and their degradation products from postcombustion CO2 capture processes with aerosol mass spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:5066-5075. [PMID: 24617831 PMCID: PMC4014145 DOI: 10.1021/es4056966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Amine-based postcombustion CO2 capture (PCCC) is a promising technique for reducing CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning plants. A concern of the technique, however, is the emission of amines and their degradation byproducts. To assess the environmental risk of this technique, standardized stack sampling and analytical methods are needed. Here we report on the development of an integrated approach that centers on the application of a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) for characterizing amines and PCCC-relevant species. Molecular characterization is achieved via ion chromatography (IC) and electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The method has been optimized, particularly, by decreasing the AMS vaporizer temperature, to gain quantitative information on the elemental composition and major nitrogen-containing species in laboratory-degraded amine solvents commonly tested for PCCC applications, including ethanolamine (MEA), methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and piperazine (PIP). The AMS-derived nitrogen-to-carbon (N/C) ratios for the degraded solvent and product mixtures agree well with the results from a total organic carbon and total nitrogen (TOC/TN) analyzer. In addition, marker ions identified in the AMS spectra are used to estimate the mass contributions of individual species. Overall, our results indicate that this new approach is suitable for characterizing PCCC-related mixtures as well as organic nitrogen species in other sample types. As an online instrument, AMS can be used for both real-time characterization of emissions from operating PCCC plants and ambient particles in the vicinity of the facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Ge
- Department
of Environmental Toxicology, University
of California at Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Stephanie L. Shaw
- Electric Power
Research Institute, 3420 Hillview Avenue, Palo Alto, California 98052, United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department
of Environmental Toxicology, University
of California at Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Morken AK, Nenseter B, Pedersen S, Chhaganlal M, Feste JK, Tyborgnes RB, Ullestad Ø, Ulvatn H, Zhu L, Mikoviny T, Wisthaler A, Cents T, Bade OM, Knudsen J, de Koeijer G, Falk-Pedersen O, Hamborg ES. Emission Results of Amine Plant Operations from MEA Testing at the CO2 Technology Centre Mongstad. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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