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Hites RA, Venier M. The Last Paper by Ron Hites. A Tale of Four Cities: Polychlorinated Biphenyls in America. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7683-7690. [PMID: 38712349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Hites
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Marta Venier
- O'Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Man YB, Zhang F, Mo WY, Chow KL, Wong MH. Using food waste to cultivate safe, good-quality Sabah (giant hybrid) grouper: Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120122. [PMID: 36089147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in fish fillet counteract the health benefits of fish products. In this study, food waste was used as a protein alternative to replacing fishmeal commonly used in the commercial fish feed, aiming to cultivate Sabah grouper with acceptable levels of dioxins and dl-PCBs. The concentrations of dioxins and dl-PCBs, as well as the fish growth performance, were compared between the fish groups fed with food waste-based feed (FWBF) and commercial feed (Nanyu®, control). The results showed that the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) (1.22 pg/g dry weight (d.w.)) and non-ortho-dl-PCBs (13.0 pg/g d.w.) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the FWBF than in the control feed (commercial feed) (PCDDs: 2.35 pg/g d.w.; non-ortho-dl-PCBs: 27.2 pg/g d.w.). The growth performance of the fish group fed with the FWBF was comparable to that fed with the control feed. There were no significant differences between the WHO2005-TEQ values of different fish fillets (1.00, 1.11, and 1.10 pg WHO2005-TEQ/g d.w. for FWBF group, control feed group, and local market fish, respectively). Based on the guidelines provided by European Food Safety Authority (ESFA) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), the fish fed with the FWBF were safe for human consumption (hazard index values: 0.284-0.522; cancer risk range: 2.59-2.97 × 10-5). The findings of this study suggest that food waste could serve as an alternative protein source for cultivating Sabah grouper with acceptable levels of dioxins and dl-PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bon Man
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education, and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education, and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Wing Yin Mo
- Department of Applied Science, School of Science and Technology, The Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Ka Lai Chow
- Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Ming Hung Wong
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education, and Research (CHEER), Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China.
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Hermanson MH, Hann R, Johnson GW. Response to Comment on "Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Tree Bark near Former Manufacturing and Incinerator Facilities in Sauget, Illinois, United States". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8206-8207. [PMID: 28654239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Hermanson
- Hermanson & Associates LLC Minneapolis, Minnesota 55419 United States
| | - Richard Hann
- Norwegian Technical and Natural Sciences University NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Hites RA. Comment on "Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Tree Bark near Former Manufacturing and Incinerator Facilities in Sauget, Illinois, United States". ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8204-8205. [PMID: 28654253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald A Hites
- School of Public and Environmental Affairs Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana 47405 United States
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Odabasi M, Dumanoglu Y, Ozgunerge Falay E, Tuna G, Altiok H, Kara M, Bayram A, Tolunay D, Elbir T. Investigation of spatial distributions and sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in a heavily polluted industrial region using tree components. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 160:114-125. [PMID: 27367178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.06.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Spatial distributions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were investigated in Iskenderun industrial region in Turkey. POP concentrations were measured in different tree components (i.e., pine needle, branch, bark, and stem) collected at several industrial and background sites (n = 27). Also, air, litter, and soil samples were analyzed to determine the relationship of atmospheric pollutants with tree components, litter, and soil. Spatial variation of measured concentrations and factor analysis showed that the iron-steel plants are the most important POP sources in Iskenderun area. Correlations of ambient air levels to those measured in soil, litter, and tree components were significant showing that POPs are exchanged between atmosphere and these compartments. Results have suggested that tree components, litter and soil could be used to determine the spatial distributions and sources of atmospheric POPs in a region. POP quantities (mg/ha) accumulated in different tree components, litter, and soil were also predicted. Generally, the highest quantities were accumulated by stem and needles. In terms of overall inventory, including trees, litter and soil, the highest accumulated quantities were found in soil followed by trees and litter, indicating that in addition to soil, vegetation is a notable reservoir accumulating POPs. Ambient air POP concentrations were also estimated using a bark/air partitioning model. The estimated/measured ratios were close to 1.0 for several compounds and the results showed that the atmospheric POP concentrations could be estimated from the bark measurements within factors of 0.23-3.07, 1.02-6.67, 0.63-7.44, 1.07-3.37 for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated naphthalenes, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Odabasi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Yetkin Dumanoglu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Ozgunerge Falay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gizem Tuna
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hasan Altiok
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melik Kara
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Bayram
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Doganay Tolunay
- Department of Forestry Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, 34470, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Elbir
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Dokuz Eylul University, Tinaztepe Campus, 35160, Buca, Izmir, Turkey
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Hermanson MH, Hann R, Johnson GW. Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Tree Bark near Former Manufacturing and Incineration Facilities in Sauget, Illinois, United States. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:6207-6215. [PMID: 27182893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We collected 27 tree bark samples near Sauget, IL, where 373 000 mt of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) was produced between 1936 and 1977 and 10 245 mt was incinerated from 1971 to 1977. Our goal was observe PCB distribution and apparent movement to residential sites, where 24 of 27 samples were collected. Only one of several waste sites was accessible for sampling. We analyzed for 209 PCB congeners, and 85 peaks are reported (other congeners either coeluted or were near or less than the detection limit). Concentrations of ∑PCB ranged from 190 952 to 2 383 988 pg g lipid(-1); 24 of 27 samples had less than 50% of the maximum concentration. Two samples with the highest ∑PCB concentrations were downwind from the plant site in residential areas, but both were among the farthest away from the production facility. One high-concentration sample was near the waste site. The three highest concentrations were in trees that were less than 20 years old, showing recent atmospheric PCB mobility. The percentage of ∑PCB distributions showed a consistent but variable pattern of diCB to nonaCB congeners. DecaCB was inconsistent, because PCB-209, which was manufactured at the site in Aroclor 1270 and 1271, was the most abundant congener in 10 of the samples but lower in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark H Hermanson
- Hermanson & Associates LLC, 2000 West 53rd Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55419 United States
- Department of Arctic Technology, University Center on Svalbard , NO-9171 Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway
| | - Richard Hann
- Department of Arctic Technology, University Center on Svalbard , NO-9171 Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway
| | - Glenn W Johnson
- Energy & Geosciences Institute, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, United States
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Li X, Su X. Assessment of the Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Occurrence in Copper Sulfates and the Influential Role of PCB Levels on Grapes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144896. [PMID: 26658158 PMCID: PMC4682808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper sulfates (CuSO4) are widely used as the primary component of fungicides in the grape industry. The agricultural-grade CuSO4 that we collected from Chinese nationwide markets were found to be contaminated by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans and high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (Σ19PCBs: 0.32~9.51 ng/g). In the following research, we studied the impact of CuSO4 application on PCB levels in grape products through a field experiment, and conducted a national survey to speculate the role that CuSO4 played on the occurrence of PCB in grapes. In the field experiment, an obvious increase of PCBs in grape leaves (from 174 to 250 pg/g fw) was observed after Bordeaux mixture (the main component of which is CuSO4) application. As to the main PCB congener in CuSO4, the most toxic CB 126 (toxic equivalency factor = 0.1) also increased in grape peels (from 1.66 to 2.93 pg/g fw) after pesticide spray. Both the correlation study and the principal component analysis indicated that environmental factors were dominant PCB contributors to grapes, and grapes from e-waste dismantling area containing the highest PCBs also proved the notion. It is worth noting that this report describes the first research examining PCBs in CuSO4 and its influence on agricultural products to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
- * E-mail: (LXM); (SXO)
| | - Xiaoou Su
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
- * E-mail: (LXM); (SXO)
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Nghi TN, Nishijo M, Manh HD, Tai PT, Van Luong H, Anh TH, Thao PN, Trung NV, Waseda T, Nakagawa H, Kido T, Nishijo H. Dioxins and Nonortho PCBs in Breast Milk of Vietnamese Mothers Living in the Largest Hot Spot of Dioxin Contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:5732-42. [PMID: 25798921 DOI: 10.1021/es506211p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Bien Hoa Air Base is the largest dioxin contamination hot spot in Vietnam. In 2012, we recruited 216 mothers who were living in 10 communities around Bien Hoa Air Base and had delivered newborns at a prefecture hospital, and we investigated recent exposure levels of dioxins and nonortho PCBs in their breast milk. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetraCDD) was present at 2.6 pg/g lipid in primiparae and 2.2 pg/g lipid in multiparae. Among multiparae and total subjects, significant high prevalence of 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD≥5 pg/g lipid and 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD contribution≥40% were observed in mothers living in the five communities closest to Bien Hoa Air Base. The TEQ for nonortho PCBs was 1.6 pg-TEQ/g lipid for primiparae, and this was even lower than that in the unsprayed area. The length of residency was a strong factor to increase dioxins, including 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD. Residency in the five communities with the highest exposure was a specific risk factor for increased 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD in breast milk. Food intake might contribute partly to the increased levels of dioxin congeners other than 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD in breast milk. These results suggest that Bien Hoa Air Base has led to elevated 2,3,7,8-tetraCDD levels in breast milk of mothers in nearby areas even in the recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Ngoc Nghi
- §Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
- ΣMinistry of Health, Vietnam Government, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Muneko Nishijo
- §Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Ho Dung Manh
- ¶Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Pham The Tai
- #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Van Luong
- #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Hai Anh
- #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham Ngoc Thao
- #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Viet Trung
- #Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Vietnamese Military Medical University, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tomoo Waseda
- ‡Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakagawa
- §Department of Public Health, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Kido
- ¶Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- ⊥System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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