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Hossack C, Cahill C, Besson C. Utility of all-pyrazole heteroscorpionates in f-element chemistry. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:17656-17665. [PMID: 37943084 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02737f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1966, scorpionate ligands have been utilized to make coordination compounds for a variety of applications such as: studying organometallic reactions, biomimetic complexes, light-emitting materials and single-ion magnets. The recent development of a solvent-free pyrazole substitution chemistry has yielded the quantitative synthesis of asymmetrically functionalized all-pyrazole heteroscorpionate ligands. In this frontier article, we highlight the utility of all-pyrazole heteroscorpionates, specifically, nitro-trispyrazolylborates, in f-element chemistry. They offer great versatility in coordinating ability, donor strength, steric bulk and even optical charge transfer properties, all of which can be used to tune the properties of resultant complexes with metal ions. We show how they can impart structural diversity, sensitize Ln3+ luminescence and engender magnetic anisotropy and slow magnetic relaxation in the ion they coordinate. Additionally, we comment on the future of functionalized trispyrazolyl scorpionates, which includes enabling post-synthetic modifications of f-element complexes and becoming a platform to study the electronic properties of low oxidation state actinides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Hossack
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
| | - Christopher Cahill
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
| | - Claire Besson
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
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2
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Flötotto H, Secker T, Kögerler P, Besson C. Amine-Functionalized Spin Crossover Building Blocks. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019; 2019:4621-4624. [PMID: 31894180 PMCID: PMC6919924 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bistable spin crossover complexes such as [Fe{HB(pz)3}2] (pzH = pyrazole) show promise for sensor applications and electrically-controlled data storage units, but exploiting their potential hinges on their integration into a functional environment. We here present a system enabling such covalent post-functionalization steps in both symmetric and asymmetric patterns, based on the amine-functionalized complex [Fe{HB(4-NH2pz)(pz)2}2], obtained by reduction of the nitro analogue. The building block aspects of [Fe{HB(4-NH2pz)(pz)2}2] are showcased by its transformation into amide, imine and azo derivatives, which are structurally and magnetically characterized. All tris(pyrazolyl)borate complexes retain the spin crossover properties of their parent compound, with spin crossover temperatures ranging from 350 to 430 K. The transition parameters are correlated with the electronic properties of the functionalizing group, opening the possibility of fine-tuning the spin crossover properties of the building block as it is integrated in the environment of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Flötotto
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Tim Secker
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Paul Kögerler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Claire Besson
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie RWTH Aachen University 52074 Aachen Germany.,Department of Chemistry The George Washington University 20052 Washington DC USA
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3
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Solution and solid-state characterization of Zn(II) complexes containing a new tridentate N2S ligand. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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4
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Marckwordt A, Rajasekharan‐Nair R, Steel G, Kennedy AR, Reglinski J, Spicer MD. The First Structurally Characterised Example of Silicon in an S6 Coordination Sphere. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie Marckwordt
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UK
| | - Rajeev Rajasekharan‐Nair
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UK
| | - Graham Steel
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UK
| | - John Reglinski
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UK
| | - Mark D. Spicer
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street G1 1XL Glasgow UK
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Steel G, Rajasekharan‐Nair R, Stepek IA, Kennedy AR, Reglinski J, Spicer MD. Observations on the Steric Impact of N‐ and S‐Donor Scorpionate Ligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Steel
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral St Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Rajeev Rajasekharan‐Nair
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral St Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Iain A. Stepek
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral St Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral St Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - John Reglinski
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral St Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Mark D. Spicer
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry WestCHEM University of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral St Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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Wallace D, Chalmers K, Dodds CA, Stepek IA, Armstrong DR, Berlouis LEA, Reglinski J, Spicer MD. The Thermal Stability of Tris(methimazolyl)borates and Their Germanium Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Wallace
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - Kirsten Chalmers
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - Christopher A. Dodds
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - Iain A. Stepek
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - David R. Armstrong
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - Leonard E. A. Berlouis
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - John Reglinski
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
| | - Mark D. Spicer
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, http://www.strath.ac.uk/chemistry
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Tampier S, Burzlaff N. Heteroscorpionate complexes based on bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)dithioacetate. Acta Crystallogr C 2013; 69:981-5. [PMID: 24005504 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270113021148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The heteroscorpionate ligand bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)dithioacetate (bdtbpzdta) has been synthesized by reacting bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)methane with n-BuLi and CS2. The ligand was isolated as [bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)dithioacetato](tetrahydrofuran)lithium(I) tetrahydrofuran monosolvate, [Li(C24H39N4S2)(C4H8O)]·C4H8O or [Li(bdtbpzdta)(THF)]·THF, in which the lithium cation is bound by the κ(3)N,N',S-coordinated heteroscorpionate ligand. A similar coordination mode is observed for a zinc chloride complex bearing the bdtbpzdta ligand, namely [bis(3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazol-1-yl)dithioacetato]chloridozinc(II), [Zn(C24H39N4S2)Cl] or [Zn(bdtbpzdta)Cl], which exhibits κ(3)N,N',S-coordination and resembles the active site of zinc-containing peptide deformylases (PDFs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Tampier
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Lehmann U, Kersting B. Dinuclear Zinc Complexes Supported by Macrobinucleating Hexaaza-Dithiophenolate Macrocycles: Synthesis of Zinc Thiolate Complexes with Biologically Relevant N3S and N2SCl Donor Sets. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201300074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Desrochers PJ, Besel BM, Corken AL, Evanov JR, Hamilton AL, Nutt DL, Tarkka RM. Immobilized boron-centered heteroscorpionates: heterocycle metathesis and coordination chemistry. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:1931-41. [PMID: 21188979 DOI: 10.1021/ic102392x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a resin-supported boron-scorpionate ligand and its nickel(II) coordination complexes are reported. The supported ligand is prepared as its potassium salt, making it a general reagent suitable for chelation of any transition metal ion. Resin-immobilized benzotriazole (Bead-btz) reacted cleanly with KTp* (Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate) by heterocycle metathesis in warm dimethylformamide (DMF) to yield bead-Tp'K, {resin-btz(H)B(pz*)(2)}K. Significantly, bead-Tp'K readily bound nickel(II) from simple salts with minimal leaching of the nickel ion. Bead-Tp'NiNO(3) reacts further with cysteine thiolate (ethyl ester), imparting the deep green color to the beads characteristic of a Tp(R)NiCysEt coordination sphere. Bead-Tp'NiCysEt exhibited an oxygen sensitivity similar to Tp*NiCysEt in solution (Inorg. Chem. 1999, p 5690) and also independently verified for a selenocystamine analogue, Tp*NiSeCysAm. Addition of fresh cysteine thiolate ethyl ester to oxidized bead-Tp'NiCysEt reproduced the original green color. Heterocycle metathesis was also used to prepare KTp' as a white solid. Reaction with nickel(II) gave (Tp')(2)Ni, separable into two different isomers. The air-sensitive molybdenum(0) complex, [PPh(4)][Tp'Mo(CO)(3)], was also prepared and the C(s) complex symmetry demonstrated by infrared and (13)C NMR spectroscopies. Immobilized TpmMo(CO)(3) was prepared from the previously reported resin-supported tris(pyrazolyl)methane. In contrast to its weak coordination of nickel(II) (Inorg. Chem. 2009, p 3535), bead-Tpm proved a strong chelate toward this second row metal. The supported scorpionates described here should find use in studies of selective metal-protein binding, metalloprotein modeling, and heterogeneous catalysis, and render such scorpionate applications amenable to combinatorial methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Desrochers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, Arkansas 72035, USA.
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Bassanetti I, Gennari M, Marchiò L, Terenghi M, Elviri L. Li+, Cu+, and Ag+ Oligonuclear Structures with the Sterically Demanding Bis(3,5-tertbutylpyrazol-1-yl)dithioacetate Heteroscorpionate Ligand. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:7007-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100886x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bassanetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, viale G. P. Usberti 17/a, I 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Marcello Gennari
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, viale G. P. Usberti 17/a, I 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Luciano Marchiò
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, viale G. P. Usberti 17/a, I 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Mattia Terenghi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, viale G. P. Usberti 17/a, I 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Elviri
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università degli Studi di Parma, viale G. P. Usberti 17/a, I 43100 Parma, Italy
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11
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Mutseneck EV, Reus C, Schödel F, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. Reactions of [Cp*RuCl]4 and [(p-cymene)RuCl2]2 with the Tridentate Ligand [Ph(pz)B(μ-O)(μ-pz)B(pz)Ph]−. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om901022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Mutseneck
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Christian Reus
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Frauke Schödel
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, D-60438 Frankfurt (Main), Germany
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12
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Blagg RJ, Connelly NG, Haddow MF, Hamilton A, Lusi M, Orpen AG, Ridgway BM. Isomerism in rhodium(i) N,S-donor heteroscorpionates: ring substituent and ancillary ligand effects. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:11616-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Crossley IR, Hill AF, Willis AC. Metallaboratranes: Bis- and Tris(methimazolyl)borane Complexes of Group 9 Metal Carbonyls and Thiocarbonyls. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900655k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian R. Crossley
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony F. Hill
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Anthony C. Willis
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Hill AF, Smith MK, Tshabang N, Willis AC. Bimetallic Dihydrobis(methimazolyl)borate Coordination: Structure [Mo2{μ2-H2B(mt)2}(CO)7][Au2(μ2-H2B(mt)2}](PEt3)2] (mt = methimazolyl). Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900891a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F. Hill
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Matthew K. Smith
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Never Tshabang
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Anthony C. Willis
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Singh UP, Aggarwal V. Structural studies of nickel(II) complexes with 1-tert-butylimidazole-2-thione and 3-phenyl-5-methyl-pyrazole ligands. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10947-009-0102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Spicer
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, Fax: +44‐141‐548‐4822
| | - John Reglinski
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK, Fax: +44‐141‐548‐4822
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Videira M, Moura C, Datta A, Paulo A, Santos IC, Santos I. Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with Poly(azolyl)borates Generated in Situ from an Organometallic Precursor Containing the B−H···Re Coordination Motif. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:4251-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic802403u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Videira
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - Carolina Moura
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - Amitabha Datta
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - Isabel C. Santos
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
| | - I. Santos
- Departamento de Química, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém Codex, Portugal
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Cade IA, Hill AF, Tshabang N, Smith MK. Bimetallic Dihydrobis(methimazolyl)borate Coordination: Molecular Structure [Mo2Au{μ2-H2B(mt)2}(PPh3)(CO)7] (mt = methimazolyl). Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om8007647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian A. Cade
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Anthony F. Hill
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Never Tshabang
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Matthew K. Smith
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Ruth K, Tüllmann S, Vitze H, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Holthausen M, Wagner M. Copper Complexes of Mono- and Ditopic [(Methylthio)methyl]borates: Missing Links and Linked Systems En Route to Copper Enzyme Models. Chemistry 2008; 14:6754-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hill AF, Smith MK. Organometallic Tantalum Tris(methimazolyl)borato Complexes: [Ta(η2-RC⋮CR)Cl2{HB(mt)3}] (R = Ph, Et; mt = methimazolyl). Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om700615w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F. Hill
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Matthew K. Smith
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Hill AF, Smith MK. Cyclooctatetraene Poly(azolyl)borate Complexes of Zirconium: [Zr(κ2-L)Cl(η-C8H8)] (L = H2B(pz)2, HB(pzMe2)3, H2B(mt)2; pz = Pyrazolyl, mt = Methimazolyl). Organometallics 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/om700484h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony F. Hill
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Matthew K. Smith
- Research School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Parkin G. Applications of Tripodal [S(3)] and [Se(3)] L(2)X Donor Ligands to Zinc, Cadmium and Mercury Chemistry: Organometallic and Bioinorganic Perspectives. NEW J CHEM 2007; 31:1996-2014. [PMID: 19484137 PMCID: PMC2688380 DOI: 10.1039/b712012e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tripodal tris(2-mercapto-1-R-imidazolyl)hydroborato ligand system, [Tm(R)], and its selenium counterpart, [Tse(R)], provide useful platforms for investigating organometallic and bioinorganic aspects of the chemistry of zinc, cadmium and mercury in sulfur-rich and selenium-rich coordination environments. For example, the tridentate [Tm(R)] ligand provides an [S(3)] donor array that is of use for mimicking aspects of zinc enzymes and proteins that have sulfur-rich active sites, such as the Ada DNA repair protein. With respect to mercury, an interesting application of the [Tm(Bu(t) )] ligand is the synthesis of the mercury alkyl compounds [Tm(Bu(t) )]HgR (R = Me, Et) that react with PhSH to yield [Tm(Bu(t) )]HgSPh and RH, a reaction that emulates mercury detoxification by the organomercurial lyase, MerB. In addition to the tridentate [Tm(R)] and [Tse(R)] ligands, applications of the bidentate counterparts, [Bm(R)] and [Bse(R)] are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Parkin
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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Ibrahim MM, Olmo CP, Tekeste T, Seebacher J, He G, Maldonado Calvo JA, Böhmerle K, Steinfeld G, Brombacher H, Vahrenkamp H. Zn−OH2 and Zn−OH Complexes with Hydroborate-Derived Tripod Ligands: A Comprehensive Study. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:7493-502. [PMID: 16933954 DOI: 10.1021/ic060752f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complete array of those hydrotris(pyrazolyl/thioimidazolyl)borate ligands that were developed and used in the author's laboratories, with N3, N2S, NS2, and S3 donor sets, was scanned for their ability to form Zn-OH2 and Zn-OH complexes. The coordination motifs found were Zn-OH2, Zn-OH, Zn-OH-Zn, and Zn-O2H3-Zn. Of these, the well-established Zn-OH motif was complemented with novel species bearing N3, NS2, and S3 tripods. The Zn-OH2 motif was observed only with pyrazolylborate ligands and only in unusual situations with coordination numbers higher than 4 for zinc. The new Zn-OH-Zn motif was realized for three different pyrazolylborates, for one NS2 tripod, and for two S3 tripods. Finally, it was verified that the Zn-O2H3-Zn motif again occurs only with pyrazolylborate ligands. The new complexes were identified by a total of 11 structure determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Ibrahim
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Krishnamurthy D, Sarjeant AN, Goldberg DP, Caneschi A, Totti F, Zakharov LN, Rheingold AL. Mononuclear, Dinuclear, and Pentanuclear [{N,S(thiolate)}Iron(II)] Complexes: Nuclearity Control, Incorporation of Hydroxide Bridging Ligands, and Magnetic Behavior. Chemistry 2005; 11:7328-41. [PMID: 16144021 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The mixed N3S(thiolate) ligand 1-[bis[2-(pyridin-2-yl)ethyl]amino]-2-methylpropane-2-thiol (Py2SH) was used in the synthesis of four iron(II) complexes: [(Py2S)FeCl] (1), [(Py2S)FeBr] (2), [(Py2S)4Fe5II(mu-OH)2](BF4)4 (3), and [(Py2S)2Fe2II(mu-OH)]BF4 (4). The X-ray structures of 1 and 2 revealed monomeric iron(II)-alkylthiolate complexes with distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometries. The paramagnetic 1H NMR spectra of 1 and 2 display resonances from delta = -25 ppm to +100 ppm, consistent with a high-spin iron(II) ion (S = 2). Spectral assignments were made on the basis of chemical shift information and T1 measurements and show the monomeric structures are intact in solution. To provide entry into hydroxide-containing complexes, a novel synthetic method was developed involving strict aprotic conditions and limiting amounts of H2O. Reaction of Py2SH with NaH and Fe(BF4)2.6 H2O under aprotic conditions led to the isolation of the pentanuclear, mu-OH complex 3, which has a novel dimer-of-dimers type structure connected by a central iron atom. Conductivity data on 3 show this structure is retained in CH2Cl2. Rational modification of the ligand-to-metal ratio allows control over the nuclearity of the product, yielding the dinuclear complex 4. The X-ray structure of 4 reveals an unprecedented face-sharing, biooctahedral complex with an [S2O] bridging arrangement. The magnetic properties of 3 and 4 in the range 1.9-300 K were successfully modeled. Dinuclear 4 is antiferromagnetically coupled [J = -18.8(2) cm(-1)]. Pentanuclear 3 exhibits ferrimagnetic behavior, with a high-spin ground state of S(T) = 6, and was best modeled with three different exchange parameters [J = -15.3(2), J' = -24.7(3), and J'' = -5.36(7) cm(-1)]. DFT calculations provided good support for the interpretation of the magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Krishnamurthy
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Silva RM, Smith MD, Gardinier JR. Unexpected New Chemistry of the Bis(thioimidazolyl)methanes. J Org Chem 2005; 70:8755-63. [PMID: 16238306 DOI: 10.1021/jo051101o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The synthesis of the linkage isomers of the bis(thioimidazolyl)methane family of compounds, namely CH(2)(N-tim)(2) (1) and CH(2)(S-tim)(2) (2) (where tim = thio(methyl)imidazolyl) has been reinvestigated in order to optimize the yields, to complete the characterization of these known compounds, and also to ascertain the effect of varying heteroatom binding on their electrochemistry. During the course of these studies, the reactive intermediate ClCH(2)(S-tim) (3) was isolated and characterized. The chloromethyl derivative 3 readily decomposes on warming to give the ionic compound [CH(2)(mu-C(4)H(5)N(2)S)(2)CH(2)](Cl)(2) (4), which was converted to the hexafluorophosphate salt (5) and then was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It was also shown that CH(2)(S-tim)(2) (2) could be converted at temperatures greater than 120 degrees C to CH(2)(N-tim)(2) (1) by a thermal isomerization that proceeds via the remaining possible linkage isomer CH(2)(S-tim)(N-tim). Electrochemical studies on 1-3 in acetonitrile reveals that each undergoes irreversible (one electron per ring) oxidations above 0.7 V versus Ag/AgCl, while the ionic compound 5 shows an irreversible reduction wave centered at -1.09 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalice M Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-1881, USA
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Ibrahim MM, He G, Seebacher J, Benkmil B, Vahrenkamp H. Biomimetic Thiolate Alkylation with Zinc Pyrazolylbis(thioimidazolyl)borate Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200500276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Ji M, Benkmil B, Vahrenkamp H. Zinc−Thiolate Complexes of the Bis(pyrazolyl)(thioimidazolyl)hydroborate Tripods for the Modeling of Thiolate Alkylating Enzymes. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:3518-23. [PMID: 15877434 DOI: 10.1021/ic0484147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The new tripod ligands bis(pyrazolyl)(3-tert-butyl-2-thioimidazol-1-yl)hydroborate (L(1)) and bis(pyrazolyl)(3-isopropyl-2-thioimidazol-1-yl)hydroborate (L(2)), together with zinc nitrate or zinc chloride and the corresponding thiolates, have yielded a total of 17 zinc-thiolate complexes. These comprise aliphatic as well as aromatic thiolates and a cysteine derivative. Structure determinations have confirmed the tetrahedral ZnN(2)S(2) coordination in the complexes. Upon reaction with methyl iodide, the species L(1).Zn-SR are slowly converted to L(1).Zn-I and the free thioethers CH(3)SR. A kinetic analysis has shown these alkylations to be about 1 order of magnitude slower than those of the tris(pyrazolyl)borate complexes Tp(Ph,Me)Zn-SR. Alkylations with trimethyl phosphate were found to proceed very slowly even in DMSO at 80 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Ji
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie der Universität Freiburg, Germany
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Ji M, Vahrenkamp H. Zinc Thiolate Complexes of (N,N,S)-Tridentate Ligands for the Modeling of Thiolate Alkylating Enzymes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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