1
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Demirel N, Dawor M, Nadler G, Ivlev SI, Meggers E. Stereogenic-at-iron mesoionic carbene complex for enantioselective C-H amidation. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03504f. [PMID: 39268214 PMCID: PMC11385695 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03504f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Electronically tuned C 2-symmetric stereogenic-at-iron complexes, featuring strongly σ-donating 1,2,3-triazolin-5-ylidene mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands, exhibit enhanced catalytic efficiency compared to conventional imidazol-2-ylidene analogs, as demonstrated in nitrene-mediated ring-closing C(sp3)-H amidation reactions. Furthermore, a chiral pinene-derived pyridyl triazole ligand enables a highly diastereoselective synthesis of a non-racemic chiral iron catalyst, thereby controlling the absolute configuration at the metal center, as confirmed by NMR and X-ray crystallography. This pinene-modified stereogenic-at-iron MIC complex demonstrates high catalytic activity and a respectable asymmetric induction in the ring-closing C(sp3)-H amination of N-benzoyloxyurea, yielding 2-imidazolidinones with enantiomeric ratios of up to 92 : 8. These findings reflect the profound potential of this new class of mesoionic carbene iron complexes in further understanding and tuning the reactivity of iron-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemrud Demirel
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Mahiob Dawor
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Greta Nadler
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Sergei I Ivlev
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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2
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Bens T, Marhöfer D, Boden P, Steiger ST, Suntrup L, Niedner-Schatteburg G, Sarkar B. A Different Perspective on Tuning the Photophysical and Photochemical Properties: The Influence of Constitutional Isomers in Group 6 Carbonyl Complexes with Pyridyl-Mesoionic Carbenes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:16182-16195. [PMID: 37721537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Exploring novel and existing design principles to tune the photochemical and photophysical properties of transition-metal complexes is an important goal in contemporary research. Here, we highlight the influence of constitutional isomers of pyridyl-1,2,3-triazolylidene mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands on the photophysical and photochemical properties of the corresponding tetracarbonyl group 6 metal complexes (M = Cr, Mo, W). All new complexes [M(C-C)] presented herein incorporate a C-C linked pyridyl-MIC ligand and were fully characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental analysis, and 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy. Detailed photophysical investigations reveal a single emission in the VIS region, which extends into the NIR with lifetimes of up to 3.5 μs in the solid state at lower temperatures. The quantum yields were determined for all three complexes, and, in particular, the W0 complex shows an unusually high quantum yield of 29% compared to the values of 0.02% obtained for the [M(C-N)] isomers investigated in earlier works. Beyond this, the investigated W0 complex also exhibits an emission at 717 nm in a fluid solution. The combination of luminescence and FTIR-step scan spectroscopy with theoretical calculations reveals an emissive 3MLCT state. Irradiation of the presented complexes leads to a clean cleavage of one axial CO ligand. A metastable 16 VE species with a vacant axial coordination site was detected in the solid state at low temperatures. In solution, the respective solvato complexes are formed. A dark reverse reaction is observed, as previously described for the [M(C-N)] analogues. The increased electron density induced by the C-C linked pyridyl-MIC ligand leads to an increased kinetic rate constant for the reformation of the starting species and is also reflected in the lower photodissociation quantum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Daniel Marhöfer
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Pit Boden
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Sophie T Steiger
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart D-70569, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, Berlin 14195, Germany
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3
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Bens T, Kübler JA, Walter RRM, Beerhues J, Wenger OS, Sarkar B. Impact of Bidentate Pyridyl-Mesoionic Carbene Ligands: Structural, (Spectro)Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Theoretical Investigations on Ruthenium(II) Complexes. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2023; 3:184-198. [PMID: 37545659 PMCID: PMC10401885 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
We present here new synthetic strategies for the isolation of a series of Ru(II) complexes with pyridyl-mesoionic carbene ligands (MIC) of the 1,2,3-triazole-5-ylidene type, in which the bpy ligands (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) of the archetypical [Ru(bpy)3]2+ have been successively replaced by one, two, or three pyridyl-MIC ligands. Three new complexes have been isolated and investigated via NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The incorporation of one MIC unit shifts the potential of the metal-centered oxidation about 160 mV to more cathodic potential in cyclic voltammetry, demonstrating the extraordinary σ-donor ability of the pyridyl-MIC ligand, while the π-acceptor capacities are dominated by the bpy ligand, as indicated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroelectrochemistry (EPR-SEC). The replacement of all bpy ligands by the pyridyl-MIC ligand results in an anoidic shift of the ligand-centered reduction by 390 mV compared to the well-established [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex. In addition, UV/vis/NIR-SEC in combination with theoretical calculations provided detailed insights into the electronic structures of the respective redox states, taking into account the total number of pyridyl-MIC ligands incorporated in the Ru(II) complexes. The luminescence quantum yield and lifetimes were determined by time-resolved absorption and emission spectroscopy. An estimation of the excited state redox potentials conclusively showed that the pyridyl-MIC ligand can tune the photoredox activity of the isolated complexes to stronger photoreductants. These observations can provide new strategies for the design of photocatalysts and photosensitizers based on MICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bens
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität
Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jasmin A. Kübler
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Robert R. M. Walter
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität
Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität
Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität
Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität
Berlin, Fabeckstraße
34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Combining a Low Valent Molybdenum(0) Center with a Strongly σ-Donating Mesoionic Carbene Chelate Ligand—Synthesis and Structural Characterization. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10110216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Triazolylidene ligands belong to a class of N-heterocyclic carbenes of growing chemical interest. Their precursors are readily available using Click chemistry and, therefore, highly modular for tuning their electronic characteristics. Due to their notable donor properties, these ligands are particularly suitable for modulating the electronic properties of the central ions of their complexes. Here, a bidentate bistriazolylidene which is a particularly strong donor ligand is combined with a low valent molybdenum(0) center and four carbon monoxide molecules as co-ligands. The novel complex exhibits characteristic electrochemical and IR-spectroscopic behavior. An X-ray structural analysis provides metrical details which are not entirely in agreement with spectroscopic data, likely going back to crystal packing effects. In comparison with precursor and ligand SCXRD data, notable geometrical changes induced by the coordination of the ligand to the metal can be observed. The analyses strongly support the bistriazolylidene ligand as being a particularly good donor of electron density towards the central metal. Potentially, these findings may support, in the future, the design of potent catalysts for the reductive activation of small molecules.
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5
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Ibrahim H, Bala MD, Friedrich HB. Poly-functional imino-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands: Synthesis, complexation, and catalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Mary A, Jain N, Sakla R, Jose DA, Yadav BS, Naziruddin AR. Ruthenium (II) Complexes Bearing
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene Based C^N Donor Sets in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Mary
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT), JLN Marg Jaipur India
| | - Nimisha Jain
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT), JLN Marg Jaipur India
| | - Rahul Sakla
- National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | - D. Amilan Jose
- National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra Haryana India
| | | | - Abbas Raja Naziruddin
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur (MNIT), JLN Marg Jaipur India
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7
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Poland EM, Ho CC. Photoactive N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Transition Metal Complexes in Bond‐Forming Photocatalysis: State‐of‐the‐Art and Opportunities. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eve M. Poland
- School of Natural Sciences – Chemistry University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Curtis C. Ho
- School of Natural Sciences – Chemistry University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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8
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Ruthenium complexes bearing N-heterocyclic carbene based CNC and CN^CHC’ pincer ligands: Photophysics, electrochemistry, and solar energy conversion. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Maity R, Sarkar B. Chemistry of Compounds Based on 1,2,3-Triazolylidene-Type Mesoionic Carbenes. JACS AU 2022; 2:22-57. [PMID: 35098220 PMCID: PMC8790748 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mesoionic carbenes (MICs) of the 1,2,3-triazolylidene type have established themselves as a popular class of compounds over the past decade. Primary reasons for this popularity are their modular synthesis and their strong donor properties. While such MICs have mostly been used in combination with transition metals, the past few years have also seen their utility together with main group elements. In this paper, we present an overview of the recent developments on this class of compounds that include, among others, (i) cationic and anionic MIC ligands, (ii) the donor/acceptor properties of these ligands with a focus on the several methods that are known for estimating such donor/acceptor properties, (iii) a detailed overview of 3d metal complexes and main group compounds with these MIC ligands, (iv) results on the redox and photophysical properties of compounds based on MIC ligands, and (v) an overview on electrocatalysis, redox-switchable catalysis, and small-molecule activation to highlight the applications of compounds based on MIC ligands in contemporary chemistry. By discussing several aspects from the synthetic, spectroscopic, and application point of view of these classes of compounds, we highlight the state of the art of compounds containing MICs and present a perspective for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramananda Maity
- Dr.
R. Maity Department of Chemistry, University
of Calcutta, 92, A. P.
C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Prof.
Dr. B. Sarkar Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie,
Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Stolyarova ED, Mikhailov AA, Ulantikov AA, Eremina JA, Klyushova LS, Kuratieva NV, Nadolinny VA, Kostin GA. Blue-to-red light triggered nitric oxide release in cytotoxic/cytostatic ruthenium nitrosyl complexes bearing biomimetic ligands. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Prakasham AP, Ta S, Dey S, Ghosh P. One pot tandem dual CC and CO bond reductions in the β-alkylation of secondary alcohols with primary alcohols by ruthenium complexes of amido and picolyl functionalized N-heterocyclic carbenes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:15640-15654. [PMID: 34673856 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Two different classes of ruthenium complexes, namely, [1-mesityl-3-(2,6-Me2-phenylacetamido)-imidazol-2-ylidene]Ru(p-cymene)Cl (1c) and {[1-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)-3-(2,6-Me2-phenyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene]Ru(p-cymene)Cl}Cl (2c), successfully catalyzed the one-pot tandem alcohol-alcohol coupling reactions of a variety of secondary and primary alcohols, in moderate to good yields of ca. 63-89%. The mechanistic investigation performed on two representative catalytic substrates, 1-phenylethanol and benzyl alcohol using the neutral ruthenium (1c) complex showed that the catalysis proceeded via a partially reduced CC hydrogenated carbonyl species, [PhCOCH2CH2Ph] (3'), to the fully reduced CO and CC hydrogenated secondary alcohol, [PhCH(OH)CH2CH2Ph] (3). Furthermore, the time dependent study showed that the major product of the catalysis modulated between (3') and (3) during the catalysis run performed over an extended period of 120 hours. Finally, the practical utility of the alcohol-alcohol coupling reaction was demonstrated by preparing five different flavan derivatives (13-17) related to various bioactive flavonoid natural products, in a one-pot tandem fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Prakasham
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| | - Sabyasachi Ta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| | - Shreyata Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India.
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12
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Md Ahsan H, Breedlove BK, Cosquer G, Yamashita M. Enhancement of electrocatalytic abilities toward CO 2 reduction by tethering redox-active metal complexes to the active site. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13368-13373. [PMID: 34608918 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02318g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tethering metal complexes, like [Ru(bpy)2Cl2] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), which are redox-active at low reduction potentials and have the ability to transfer electrons to another complex, to a [Ni(cyclen)]2+ electrocatalyst enhanced the reduction of CO2 to CO at low overpotentials. The [Ni(cyclen)]2+ electrocatalyst was modified by tethering redox-active metal complexes via 4-methylpyridyl linkers. The redox-active metal complexes were reduced after CO2 bound to the active site. In controlled potential electrolysis (CPE) experiments in 95 : 5 (v/v) CH3CN/H2O, [{([Ru]pic)4cyclen}NiCl]5+ ([Ru]+ = {Ru(bpy)2Cl}+; pic = 4-methylpyridyl) could be used to reduce CO2 into CO at a turnover frequency (TOF) of 708 s-1 with a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 80% at an onset potential of -1.60 V vs. NHE. At the same time, this electrocatalyst was active at an onset potential of -1.25 V vs. NHE, which is the reduction potential of one of the bpy ligands of the [Ru]+ moieties, with FE = 84% and TOF = 178 s-1. When the electrocatalysis was performed using [bn4cyclenNiCl]Cl (bn = benzyl) without tethered redox-active metal complexes, the TOF value was determined to be 8 s-1 with FE = 77% at an onset potential of -1.45 V vs. NHE. The results show that tethering redox-active metal complexes significantly improves the electrocatalytic activities by lowering the potential needed to reduce CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Md Ahsan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.,Chemistry Discipline, Science, Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh
| | - Brian K Breedlove
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Goulven Cosquer
- Chemistry Department, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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13
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Boden P, Di Martino‐Fumo P, Bens T, Steiger S, Albold U, Niedner‐Schatteburg G, Gerhards M, Sarkar B. NIR-Emissive Chromium(0), Molybdenum(0), and Tungsten(0) Complexes in the Solid State at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2021; 27:12959-12964. [PMID: 34237175 PMCID: PMC8519045 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of NIR emitters based on earth-abundant elements is an important goal in contemporary science. We present here Cr(0), Mo(0), and W(0) carbonyl complexes with a pyridyl-mesoionic carbene (MIC) based ligand. A detailed photophysical investigation shows that all the complexes exhibit dual emissions in the VIS and in the NIR region. The emissive excited states are assigned to two distinct triplet states by time-resolved emission and step-scan FTIR spectroscopy at variable temperature, supported by density functional theory. In particular, the NIR emissive triplet state exhibits unprecedented lifetimes of up to 600±10 ns and quantum yields reaching 1.7 ⋅ 10-4 at room temperature. These are the first examples of Cr(0), Mo(0) and W(0) complexes that emit in the NIR II region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pit Boden
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center OptimasTU KaiserslauternErwin-Schrödinger-Straße 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Patrick Di Martino‐Fumo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center OptimasTU KaiserslauternErwin-Schrödinger-Straße 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Tobias Bens
- Chair of Inorganic Coordination ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Sophie Steiger
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center OptimasTU KaiserslauternErwin-Schrödinger-Straße 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Uta Albold
- Institute of Chemistry and BiochemistryFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstraße 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Gereon Niedner‐Schatteburg
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center OptimasTU KaiserslauternErwin-Schrödinger-Straße 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Markus Gerhards
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center OptimasTU KaiserslauternErwin-Schrödinger-Straße 5267663KaiserslauternGermany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Chair of Inorganic Coordination ChemistryInstitute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
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14
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Tomioka N, Misawa-Suzuki T, Nagao H. N N bond cleavage upon reduction and protonation of phenylazophenylate coordinated to ruthenium complex. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Triazole-tethered ferrocene-quinoline conjugates: solid-state structure analysis, electrochemistry and theoretical calculations. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Mono‐ and Di‐Mesoionic Carbene‐Boranes: Synthesis, Structures and Utility as Reducing Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Vivancos Á, Jiménez-García A, Bautista D, González-Herrero P. Strongly Luminescent Pt(IV) Complexes with a Mesoionic N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand: Tuning Their Photophysical Properties. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:7900-7913. [PMID: 33970000 PMCID: PMC8893362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, electrochemistry, and photophysical properties of a series of bis-cyclometalated Pt(IV) complexes that combine the mesoionic aryl-NHC ligand 4-butyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene (trz) with either 1-phenylpyrazole or 2-arylpyridine (C∧N) are reported. The complexes (OC-6-54)-[PtCl2(C∧N)(trz)] bearing cyclometalating 2-arylpyridines present phosphorescent emissions in the blue to yellow color range, which essentially arise from 3LC(C∧N) states, and reach quantum yields of ca. 0.3 in fluid solutions and almost unity in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrices at 298 K, thus representing a class of strong emitters with tunable properties. A systematic comparison with the homologous C2-symmetrical species (OC-6-33)-[PtCl2(C∧N)2], which contains two equal 2-arylpyridine ligands, shows that the introduction of a trz ligand leads to significantly lower nonradiative decay rates and higher quantum efficiencies. Computational calculations substantiate the effect of the carbene ligand, which raises the energy of dσ* orbitals in these derivatives and results in the higher energies of nonemissive deactivating 3LMCT states. In contrast, the isomers (OC-6-42)-[PtCl2(C∧N)(trz)] are not luminescent because they present a 3LMCT state as the lowest triplet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Vivancos
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo 19, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adrián Jiménez-García
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo 19, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Delia Bautista
- Área
Científica y Técnica de Investigación, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 21, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Herrero
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo 19, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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18
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Pinter P, Schüßlbauer CM, Watt FA, Dickmann N, Herbst-Irmer R, Morgenstern B, Grünwald A, Ullrich T, Zimmer M, Hohloch S, Guldi DM, Munz D. Bright luminescent lithium and magnesium carbene complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:7401-7410. [PMID: 34163830 PMCID: PMC8171342 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00846c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the convenient synthesis of a CNC pincer ligand composed of carbazole and two mesoionic carbenes, as well as the corresponding lithium- and magnesium complexes. Mono-deprotonation affords a rare "naked" amide anion. In contrast to the proligand and its mono-deprotonated form, tri-deprotonated s-block complexes show bright luminescence, and their photophysical properties were therefore investigated by absorption- and luminescence spectroscopy. They reveal a quantum yield of 16% in solution at ambient temperature. Detailed quantum-chemical calculations assist in rationalizing the emissive properties based on an Intra-Ligand-Charge-Transfer (ILCT) between the carbazolido- and mesoionic carbene ligands. (Earth-)alkali metals prevent the distortion of the ligand following excitation and, thus, by avoiding non-radiative deactivation support bright luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piermaria Pinter
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1-3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Christoph M Schüßlbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1-3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Fabian A Watt
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Paderborn University Warburger Straße 100 D-33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Nicole Dickmann
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Paderborn University Warburger Straße 100 D-33098 Paderborn Germany
| | - Regine Herbst-Irmer
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Tammannstraße 4 D-37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Inorganic Solid State Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C4.1 D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Annette Grünwald
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1-3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C4.1 D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Tobias Ullrich
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1-3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Inorganic and General Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C4.1 D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Stephan Hohloch
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck Innrain 80-82 A-6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1-3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstr. 1-3 D-91058 Erlangen Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C4.1 D-66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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19
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Hoyer C, Schwerk P, Suntrup L, Beerhues J, Nössler M, Albold U, Dernedde J, Tedin K, Sarkar B. Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Ferrocenyl‐1,2,3‐Triazoles, Triazolium Salts, and Triazolylidene Complexes of Gold(
i
) and Silver(
i
). Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Hoyer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstrasse 34–36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Peter Schwerk
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen Freie Universität Berlin Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7–13 14163 Berlin Germany
| | - Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstrasse 34–36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Maite Nössler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstrasse 34–36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Uta Albold
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstrasse 34–36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Jens Dernedde
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin Germany
| | - Karsten Tedin
- Institut für Mikrobiologie und Tierseuchen Freie Universität Berlin Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7–13 14163 Berlin Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstrasse 34–36 14195 Berlin Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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20
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Stubbe J, Neuman NI, McLellan R, Sommer MG, Nößler M, Beerhues J, Mulvey RE, Sarkar B. Isomerization Reactions in Anionic Mesoionic Carbene-Borates and Control of Properties and Reactivities in the Resulting Co II Complexes through Agostic Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:499-506. [PMID: 33080102 PMCID: PMC7839553 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We present herein anionic borate-based bi-mesoionic carbene compounds of the 1,2,3-triazol-4-ylidene type that undergo C-N isomerization reactions. The isomerized compounds are excellent ligands for CoII centers. Strong agostic interactions with the "C-H"-groups of the cyclohexyl substituents result in an unusual low-spin square planar CoII complex, which is unreactive towards external substrates. Such agostic interactions are absent in the complex with phenyl substituents on the borate backbone. This complex displays a high-spin tetrahedral CoII center, which is reactive towards external substrates including dioxygen. To the best of our knowledge, this is also the first investigation of agostic interactions through single-crystal EPR spectroscopy. We conclusively show here that the structure and properties of these CoII complexes can be strongly influenced through interactions in the secondary coordination sphere. Additionally, we unravel a unique ligand rearrangement for these classes of anionic mesoionic carbene-based ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stubbe
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieAnorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstrasse 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Nicolás I. Neuman
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieAnorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstrasse 34–3614195BerlinGermany
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química CCT Santa Fe CONICET-UNLColectora Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472, Paraje El Pozo3000Santa FeArgentina
| | - Ross McLellan
- WestCHEMDepartment of Pure & Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Michael G. Sommer
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieAnorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstrasse 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Maite Nößler
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieAnorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstrasse 34–3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEMDepartment of Pure & Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieAnorganische ChemieFreie Universität BerlinFabeckstrasse 34–3614195BerlinGermany
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische KoordinationschemieInstitut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
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21
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Stubbe J, Neuman NI, McLellan R, Sommer MG, Nößler M, Beerhues J, Mulvey RE, Sarkar B. Isomerisierungsreaktionen in anionischen mesoionischen Carbenboraten und Kontrolle der Eigenschaften und Reaktivität in den entstehenden Co
II
‐Komplexen durch agostische Wechselwirkungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stubbe
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34–36 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Nicolás I. Neuman
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34–36 14195 Berlin Deutschland
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química CCT Santa Fe CONICET-UNL Colectora Ruta Nacional 168, Km 472, Paraje El Pozo 3000 Santa Fe Argentinien
| | - Ross McLellan
- WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XL Großbritannien
| | - Michael G. Sommer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34–36 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Maite Nößler
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34–36 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
| | - Robert E. Mulvey
- WestCHEM Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry University of Strathclyde Glasgow G1 1XL Großbritannien
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Anorganische Chemie Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstraße 34–36 14195 Berlin Deutschland
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie Institut für Anorganische Chemie Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Deutschland
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22
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Bens T, Boden P, Di Martino-Fumo P, Beerhues J, Albold U, Sobottka S, Neuman NI, Gerhards M, Sarkar B. Chromium(0) and Molydenum(0) Complexes with a Pyridyl-Mesoionic Carbene Ligand: Structural, (Spectro)electrochemical, Photochemical, and Theoretical Investigations. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15504-15513. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bens
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pit Boden
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Patrick Di Martino-Fumo
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta Albold
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sobottka
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicolás I. Neuman
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química, INTEC, UNL-CONICET Paraje El Pozo, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Markus Gerhards
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center Optimas, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Koordinationschemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Lei Z, Nagata K, Ube H, Shionoya M. Ligand effects on the photophysical properties of N,N′-diisopropylbenzimidazolylidene-protected C-centered hexagold(I) clusters. J Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2020.121271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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24
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Chen W, Egly J, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Maisse-Francois A, Bellemin-Laponnaz S, Achard T. Synthesis, characterization, catalytic and biological application of half-sandwich ruthenium complexes bearing hemilabile (κ2-C,S)-thioether-functionalised NHC ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3243-3252. [PMID: 32096513 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A series of cationic Ru(ii)(η6-p-cymene) complexes with thioether-functionalised N-heterocyclic carbene ligands have been prepared and fully characterized. Steric and electronic influence of the R thioether substituent on the coordination of the sulfur atom was investigated. The molecular structure of three of them has been determined by means of X-ray diffractrometry and confirmed the bidentate (κ2-C,S) coordination mode of the ligand. Interestingly, only a single diastereomer, as an enantiomeric couple, was observed in the solid state for complexes 1c, 1i and 1j. DFT calculations established a low energy inversion barrier between the two diastereomers through a sulfur pyramidal inversion pathway with R donating group while a dissociative/associative mechanism is more likely with R substituents that contain electron withdrawing group, thus suggesting that the only species observed by the 1H-NMR correspond to an average resonance position of a fluxional mixtures of isomers. All these complexes were found to catalyse the oxydant-free double dehydrogenation of primary amine into nitrile. Ru complex bearing NHC-functionalised S-tBu group was further investigated in a wide range of amines and was found more selective for alkyl amine substrates than for benzylamine derivatives. Finally, preliminary results of the biological effects on various human cancer cells of four selected Ru complexes are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguang Chen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg-CNRS UMR7504, 23 rue du Loess, BP 43, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France.
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25
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Hua SA, Cattaneo M, Oelschlegel M, Heindl M, Schmid L, Dechert S, Wenger OS, Siewert I, González L, Meyer F. Electrochemical and Photophysical Properties of Ruthenium(II) Complexes Equipped with Sulfurated Bipyridine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4972-4984. [PMID: 32142275 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The development of new solar-to-fuel scenarios is of great importance, but the construction of molecular systems that convert sunlight into chemical energy represents a challenge. One specific issue is that the molecular systems have to be able to accumulate redox equivalents to mediate the photodriven transformation of relevant small molecules, which mostly involves the orchestrated transfer of multiple electrons and protons. Disulfide/dithiol interconversions are prominent 2e-/2H+ couples and can play an important role for redox control and charge storage. With this background in mind, a new photosensitizer [Ru(S-Sbpy)(bpy)2]2+ (12+) equipped with a disulfide functionalized bpy ligand (S-Sbpy, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) was synthesized and has been comprehensively studied, including structural characterization by X-ray diffraction. In-depth electrochemical studies show that the S-Sbpy ligand in 12+ can be reduced twice at moderate potentials (around -1.1 V vs Fc+/0), and simulation of the cyclic voltammetry (CV) traces revealed potential inversion (E2 > E1) and allowed to derive kinetic parameters for the sequential electron-transfer processes. However, reduction at room temperature also triggers the ejection of one sulfur atom from 12+, leading to the formation of [Ru(Sbpy)(bpy)2]2+(22+). This chemical reaction can be suppressed by decreasing the temperature from 298 to 248 K. Compared to the archetypical photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)3]2+, 12+ features an additional low energy optical excitation in the MLCT region, originating from charge transfer from the metal center to the S-Sbpy ligand (aka MSCT) according to time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Analysis of the excited states of 12+ on the basis of ground-state Wigner sampling and using charge-transfer descriptors has shown that bpy modification with a peripheral disulfide moiety leads to an energy splitting between charge-transfer excitations to the S-Sbpy and the bpy ligands, offering the possibility of selective charge transfer from the metal to either type of ligands. Compound 12+ is photostable and shows an emission from a 3MLCT state in deoxygenated acetonitrile with a lifetime of 109 ns. This work demonstrates a rationally designed system that enables future studies of photoinduced multielectron, multiproton PCET chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-An Hua
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mauricio Cattaneo
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manuel Oelschlegel
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Heindl
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucius Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Inke Siewert
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leticia González
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Franc Meyer
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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26
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Olivares M, Knörr P, Albrecht M. Aerobic dehydrogenation of amines to nitriles catalyzed by triazolylidene ruthenium complexes with O 2 as terminal oxidant. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:1981-1991. [PMID: 31984977 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04873a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Pyridyl-substituted mesoionic triazolylidene ruthenium cymene complexes catalyze the oxidation of both aromatic and aliphatic amines to nitriles with high activity and selectivity under benign conditions using dioxygen as the terminal oxidant. Modification on the pyridyl moiety of the ligand scaffold has negligible effect on the catalytic performance, while substituents on the triazolylidene directly affect the catalytic fitness of the metal center, leading to distinct catalytic profiles. Pre-dissociation of the cymene ligand and formation of a solvento analogue further enhances the catalytic activity towards nitrile formation. Variation of reaction conditions provided valuable mechanistic insights and resulted in a highly efficient protocol for nitrile formation with maximum turnover numbers around 10 000. The turnover frequency reaches up to 400 h-1, providing one of the fastest catalytic systems known to date for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olivares
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Pascal Knörr
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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27
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Gupta SK, Mandal T, Gangber T, Singh V, Choudhury J. Ancillary ligands switch the activity of Ru–NHC-based oxidation precatalysts. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Soellner J, Strassner T. Mesoionic 1,2,3‐Triazolo[1,5‐
a
]pyridine‐3‐ylidenes in Phosphorescent Platinum(II) Complexes. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Soellner
- Physikalische Organische ChemieTechnische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische ChemieTechnische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
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29
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Sun LY, Feng T, Das R, Hahn FE, Han YF. Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Tetraphenylethylene-Based Tetrakis-NHC Ligands and Their Metal Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:9764-9770. [PMID: 31087691 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of highly emissive dinuclear AgI or AuI complexes [M2 L](PF6 )2 (L=2 a, 2 b; M=Ag, Au) derived from tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based tetrabenzimidazolin-2-ylidene ligands is reported. The new complexes exhibit a remarkable fluorescence enhancement compared to their parent benzimidazolium salts. The quantum yield (ΦF ) value for salt H4 -2 a(PF6 )4 in dilute solution (c=10-5 m) was found to be less than 1 %, whereas its metal complexes show ΦF values up to 55 % at similar solution concentration. This observation can be attributed to the rigidification of the TPE skeleton upon metalation resulting in a restriction of the intramolecular rotation of the phenyl groups. Functionalization of the complexes [M2 2 b](PF6 )2 (M=Ag, Au) with terminal coumarin groups and subsequent photoirradiation yielded the complexes [M2 3 b](PF6 )2 (M=Ag, Au) bearing a new type of ligand with an unaffected TPE moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Ting Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - Rajorshi Das
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
| | - F Ekkehardt Hahn
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China.,Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, P. R. China
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30
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Malan FP, Singleton E, van Rooyen PH, Albrecht M, Landman M. Synthesis, Stability, and (De)hydrogenation Catalysis by Normal and Abnormal Alkene- and Picolyl-Tethered NHC Ruthenium Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick P. Malan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, 02 Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Eric Singleton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, 02 Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Petrus H. van Rooyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, 02 Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marilé Landman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, 02 Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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31
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Soellner J, Strassner T. Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complexes with Mesoionic Dibenzofuranyl‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐ylidene Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Photophysical Properties. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Soellner
- Physikalische Organische ChemieTechnische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany) Fax: (+49)351-463-39679
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische ChemieTechnische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany) Fax: (+49)351-463-39679
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32
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Gonell S, Massey MD, Moseley IP, Schauer CK, Muckerman JT, Miller AJM. The Trans Effect in Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction: Mechanistic Studies of Asymmetric Ruthenium Pyridyl-Carbene Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6658-6671. [PMID: 30973225 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive mechanistic study of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction by ruthenium 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (tpy) pyridyl-carbene catalysts reveals the importance of stereochemical control to locate the strongly donating N-heterocyclic carbene ligand trans to the site of CO2 activation. Computational studies were undertaken to predict the most stable isomer for a range of reasonable intermediates in CO2 reduction, suggesting that the ligand trans to the reaction site plays a key role in dictating the energetic profile of the catalytic reaction. A new isomer of [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-py)(NCCH3)]2+ (Mebim-py is 1-methylbenzimidazol-2-ylidene-3-(2'-pyridine)) and both isomers of the catalytic intermediate [Ru(tpy)(Mebim-py)(CO)]2+ were synthesized and characterized. Experimental studies demonstrate that both isomeric precatalysts facilitate electroreduction of CO2 to CO in 95/5 MeCN/H2O with high activity and high selectivity. Cyclic voltammetry, infrared spectroelectrochemistry, and NMR spectroscopy studies provide a detailed mechanistic picture demonstrating an essential isomerization step in which the N-trans catalyst converts in situ to the C-trans variant. Insight into molecular electrocatalyst design principles emerge from this study. First, the use of an asymmetric ligand that places a strongly electron-donating ligand trans to the site of CO2 binding and activation is critical to high activity. Second, stereochemical control to maintain the desired isomer structure during catalysis is critical to performance. Finally, pairing the strongly donating pyridyl-carbene ligand with the redox-active tpy ligand proves to be useful in boosting activity without sacrificing overpotential. These design principles are considered in the context of surface-immobilized electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Gonell
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Marsha D Massey
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Ian P Moseley
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Cynthia K Schauer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - James T Muckerman
- Chemistry Division , Brookhaven National Laboratory , P.O. Box 5000, Upton , New York 11973-5000 , United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
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33
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Topchiy MA, Dzhevakov PB, Kirilenko NY, Rzhevskiy SA, Ageshina AA, Khrustalev VN, Paraschuk DY, Bermeshev MV, Nechaev MS, Asachenko AF. Cyclometallated 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene iridium(III) complexes: synthesis, structure, and photoluminescence properties. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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34
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Kap Z, Karadas F. Visible light-driven water oxidation with a ruthenium sensitizer and a cobalt-based catalyst connected with a polymeric platform. Faraday Discuss 2019; 215:111-122. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel PS–WOC dyad which incorporates a ruthenium-based photosensitizer (PS) connected to a Prussian blue type water oxidation catalyst (WOC) through a P4VP platform is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Kap
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
| | - Ferdi Karadas
- Department of Chemistry
- Bilkent University
- 06800 Ankara
- Turkey
- UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology
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35
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Purba PC, Bhattacharyya S, Maity M, Mukhopadhyay S, Howlader P, Mukherjee PS. Linkage induced enhancement of fluorescence in metal-carbene bond directed metallacycles and metallacages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8309-8312. [PMID: 31251310 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04444b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new 1,4-dihydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole based aggregation induced emission (AIE)-inactive di- and tetra-imidazolium salts were employed with Ag(i) for the synthesis of a Ag-carbene bond directed metallacycle (1) and metallacage (2), respectively. Transmetalation of these complexes allowed their facile conversion to their respective Au(i)-metallacycle (3) and metallacage (4). The final assemblies exhibit linkage induced enhancement of fluorescence (LIEF). The free ligands are almost non-fluorescent (ΦF = 3.2, 3.4) in comparison to their metal-carbene counterparts (ΦF up to 32.0). Thus, without using any AIEgen, obtaining high emission efficiencies in complexes AgI-CNHC (1, 2) via linkage is a nice approach towards turn-on fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prioti Choudhury Purba
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Soumalya Bhattacharyya
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Manoranjan Maity
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Sujay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Prodip Howlader
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
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36
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Soellner J, Císařová I, Strassner T. Ruthenium(II) Bipyridyl Complexes with C∧C* Cyclometalated Mesoionic Carbene Ligands. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Soellner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague, 128 43 Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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37
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Xu X, Li L, Zhang Z, Yan X. Nucleophilic substitution of 4-bromomethyltriazolium with different nucleophiles. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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38
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Suntrup L, Stein F, Hermann G, Kleoff M, Kuss-Petermann M, Klein J, Wenger OS, Tremblay JC, Sarkar B. Influence of Mesoionic Carbenes on Electro- and Photoactive Ru and Os Complexes: A Combined (Spectro-)Electrochemical, Photochemical, and Computational Study. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13973-13984. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Suntrup
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Stein
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunter Hermann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Merlin Kleoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Kuss-Petermann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Klein
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver S. Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean Christophe Tremblay
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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39
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Mede T, Jäger M, Schubert US. "Chemistry-on-the-complex": functional Ru II polypyridyl-type sensitizers as divergent building blocks. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7577-7627. [PMID: 30246196 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium polypyridyl type complexes are potent photoactive compounds, and have found - among others - a broad range of important applications in the fields of biomedical diagnosis and phototherapy, energy conversion schemes such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and molecular assemblies for tailored photo-initiated processes. In this regard, the linkage of RuII polypyridyl-type complexes with specific functional moieties is highly desirable to enhance their inherent photophysical properties, e.g., with a targeting function to achieve cell selectivity, or with a dye or redox-active subunits for energy- and electron-transfer. However, the classical approach of performing ligand syntheses first and the formation of Ru complexes in the last steps imposes synthetic limitations with regard to tolerating functional groups or moieties as well as requiring lengthy convergent routes. Alternatively, the diversification of Ru complexes after coordination (termed "chemistry-on-the-complex") provides an elegant complementary approach. In addition to the Click chemistry concept, the rapidly developing synthesis and purification methodologies permit the preparation of Ru conjugates via amidation, alkylation and cross-coupling reactions. In this regard, recent developments in chromatography shifted the limits of purification, e.g., by using new commercialized surface-modified silica gels and automated instrumentation. This review provides detailed insights into applying the "chemistry-on-the-complex" concept, which is believed to stimulate the modular preparation of unpreceded molecular assemblies as well as functional materials based on Ru-based building blocks, including combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Mede
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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40
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Li L, Cao L, Yan X. Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium(II) CNC Pincer Complexes with Novel Bis(1,2,3-triazolylidene)amine Ligands. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Li
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 People's Republic of China
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41
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Soellner J, Strassner T. Phosphorescent Cyclometalated Platinum(II) aNHC Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:15603-15612. [PMID: 30216572 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of the first bidentate C^C* cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes based on abnormal N-heterocyclic carbenes (aNHC) is presented. The aNHC ligand precursors are prepared from benzonitriles and anilines to form 1,2,3-trisubstituted imidazolium salts. The title compounds were synthesized by in situ generation of the silver carbene complex, followed by transmetalation to platinum and subsequent introduction of the β-diketonate ligand. Structural characterization by 2D NMR experiments, as well as solid-state structures unequivocally prove the abnormal binding mode of the aNHC ligands. Additionally, the photophysical properties of the platinum(II) complexes were examined and studied in detail by DFT calculations and cyclic voltammetry experiments. The title compounds proved to be strongly emissive at room temperature in the green to orange region of the visible spectrum, with emission efficiencies of up to 69 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Soellner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany), Fax: (+49) 351-463-39679
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany), Fax: (+49) 351-463-39679
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42
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Lines AM, Warner JD, Heineman WR, Clark SB, Bryan SA. Spectroelectrochemical Sensor for Spectroscopically Hard-to-detect Metals by in situ
Formation of a Luminescent Complex Using Ru(II) as a Model Compound. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M. Lines
- Energy and Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland WA 99352
- Department of Chemistry; Washington State University; Pullman WA 99163
| | - Joshua D. Warner
- Energy and Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland WA 99352
| | | | - Sue B. Clark
- Energy and Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland WA 99352
- Department of Chemistry; Washington State University; Pullman WA 99163
| | - Samuel A. Bryan
- Energy and Environment Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland WA 99352
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43
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Vivancos Á, Segarra C, Albrecht M. Mesoionic and Related Less Heteroatom-Stabilized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis, Catalysis, and Other Applications. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9493-9586. [PMID: 30014699 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 318] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesoionic carbenes are a subclass of the family of N-heterocyclic carbenes that generally feature less heteroatom stabilization of the carbenic carbon and hence impart specific donor properties and reactivity schemes when coordinated to a transition metal. Therefore, mesoionic carbenes and their complexes have attracted considerable attention both from a fundamental point of view as well as for application in catalysis and beyond. As a follow-up of an earlier Chemical Reviews overview from 2009, the organometallic chemistry of N-heterocyclic carbenes with reduced heteroatom stabilization is compiled for the 2008-2017 period, including specifically the chemistry of complexes containing 1,2,3-triazolylidenes, 4-imidazolylidenes, and related 5-membered N-heterocyclic carbenes with reduced heteratom stabilization such as (is)oxazolylidenes, pyrrazolylidenes, and thiazolylidenes, as well as pyridylidenes as 6-membered N-heterocyclic carbenes with reduced heteroatom stabilization. For each ligand subclass, metalation strategies, electronic and steric properties, and applications, in particular, in metal-mediated catalysis, are compiled. Mesoionic carbenes demonstrate particularly high activity in (water) oxidation, hydrogen transfer reactions, and cyclization reactions. Unique features of these ligands are identified such as their dipolar structure, their specific donor properties, as well as stability aspects of the ligand and the complexes, which provides opportunities for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Vivancos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland.,Departamento de Química Inorgánica , Universidad de Murcia , Apartado 4021 , 30071 Murcia , Spain
| | - Candela Segarra
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland.,Instituto de Tecnología Química , Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas , Avenida de los Naranjos s/n , 46022 Valencia , Spain
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , CH-3012 Bern , Switzerland
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44
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Movassaghi S, Singh S, Mansur A, Tong KKH, Hanif M, Holtkamp HU, Söhnel T, Jamieson SMF, Hartinger CG. (Pyridin-2-yl)-NHC Organoruthenium Complexes: Antiproliferative Properties and Reactivity toward Biomolecules. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanam Movassaghi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sukhjit Singh
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Aewan Mansur
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kelvin K. H. Tong
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Hannah U. Holtkamp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M. F. Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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45
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Marichev KO, Patil SA, Bugarin A. Recent advances in the synthesis, structural diversity, and applications of mesoionic 1,2,3-triazol-5-ylidene metal complexes. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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46
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Soellner J, Strassner T. Diaryl-1,2,3-Triazolylidene Platinum(II) Complexes. Chemistry 2018; 24:5584-5590. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Soellner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Strassner
- Physikalische Organische Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; 01069 Dresden Germany
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47
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Vivancos Á, Petronilho A, Cardoso J, Müller-Bunz H, Albrecht M. Unveiling the role of ancillary ligands in acceptorless benzyl alcohol dehydrogenation and etherification mediated by mesoionic carbene iridium complexes. Dalton Trans 2017; 47:74-82. [PMID: 29200225 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04109h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a set of triazolylidene iridium(iii) complexes [IrCp*(C^N)L]n+ (Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, C^N = C,N-bidentate coordinating pyridyl-triazolylidene) containing different neutral or anionic ancillary ligands L and evaluated their impact on the catalytic activity in alcohol conversion. We demonstrate that these ancillary ligands have a strong influence on the catalytic selectivity and direct whether the iridium center preferentially catalyzes either the dehydrogenation or the dehydration of benzyl alcohol. Ligand exchange experiments provide a direct correlation of ligand lability with catalytic activity and selectivity. These results underline the relevance of ancillary ligands and provide a rational approach to tailor the catalytic activity of the iridium center towards aldehyde formation (loss of H2) or etherification (elimination of H2O).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Vivancos
- Departement für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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48
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Scattergood PA, Sinopoli A, Elliott PI. Photophysics and photochemistry of 1,2,3-triazole-based complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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49
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Pretorius R, Olguín J, Albrecht M. Carbohydrate-Functionalized 1,2,3-Triazolylidene Complexes for Application in Base-Free Alcohol and Amine Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12410-12420. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- René Pretorius
- Departement für
Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Juan Olguín
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Martin Albrecht
- Departement für
Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestrasse 3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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50
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Pretorius R, Mazloomi Z, Albrecht M. Synthesis, hemilability, and catalytic transfer hydrogenation activity of iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) complexes containing oxygen-functionalised triazolylidene ligands. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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