1
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Ranscht A, Rigodanza F, Gobbato T, Crea I, Quadrelli EA, Canivet J, Bonchio M. Combined Covalent and Supramolecular Polymerization to Reinforce Perylenebisimide Photosynthetic "Quantasomes". Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303784. [PMID: 38289975 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
PSII-inspired quantasomes have emerged as promising artificial photosystems evolving oxygen from water due to their integrated multi-chromophore asset, hierarchical architecture, and efficient light-harvesting capabilities. In this study, we adopt a combined covalent and supramolecular strategy by implementing a poly-styrene backbone that reinforces proximity and pairing between adjacent perylenebisimide (PBI) quantasome units. The covalent fixation of the quantasome network results in a significant enhancement of the photoelectrocatalytic performance on engineered IO-ITO photoanodes, with up to 290 % photocurrent increase (J up to 100 μA cm-2, λ >450 nm, applied bias <1.23 V vs RHE, F.E.O2 >80 %) compared to the non-polymerized analog. Moreover, the direct PBI-quantasome polymerization on the photoanode surface was performed by light irradiation of the radical initiator 2,2'-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine), improving the photoelectrode robustness under high solar irradiance (>8 suns) and limiting the photocurrent loss (<20 %) at 1.52 V vs RHE compared to the non-polymerized system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Ranscht
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Av. Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Francesco Rigodanza
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Thomas Gobbato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Crea
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Av. Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jerome Canivet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, IRCELYON - UMR 5256, 2 Av. Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium on Materials Science and Technology, INSTM UdR Padova and Institute of Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR UoS Padova, Via Marzolo 1 Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
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2
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Robb MG, Bondì L, Rodríguez-Jiménez S, Garden AL, Jerabek P, Brooker S. Predictable electronic tuning of Fe II and Ru II complexes via choice of azine: correlation of ligand p Ka with Epa(M III/II) of complex. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1999-2007. [PMID: 38205818 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03484d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Five new mononuclear ruthenium(II) tris-ligated complexes have been synthesised, varying through the choice of azine in the family of 3-azinyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole ligands (Lazine): [Ru(Lpyridine)](PF6)2 (1), [Ru(Lpyridazine)](PF6)2 (2), [Ru(L4-pyrimidine)](PF6)2 (3), [Ru(Lpyrazine)](PF6)2 (4), [Ru(L2-pyrimidine)](PF6)2 (5). Three of them, 1·2MeCN·Et2O, 3·2MeCN·Et2O and 4·2MeCN, have been structurally characterised, confirming the presence of the meridional isomer, as was previously reported for the FeII analogues. Cyclic voltammetry studies, in dry CH3CN vs. Ag/0.01 M AgNO3, show that all five RuII complexes undergo a reversible RuIII/RuII process, with the midpoint potential (Em) increasing from 0.87 to 1.18 V as the azine is changed: pyridine < pyridazine < 2-pyrimidine < 4-pyrimidine < pyrazine. A strong inverse linear correlation (R2 = 0.98) is found between the RuIII/RuII redox potential and the calculated HOMO orbital energies, which is consistent with the expectation that it is easier to oxidise (lower Em) a metal ion with a higher HOMO orbital energy. The same trend was reported earlier for the family of analogous FeII complexes, albeit at lower values of Em in all cases. In addition, the ionisation potentials of the RuII complexes, as well as those of the other group 8 analogues (FeII and OsII), showed a linear relationship with Epa. As the MIII/II redox potentials of a family of complexes has been previously reported to correlate with ligand pKa values, a computational protocol to calculate, in silico, the pKa of the Lazine family of ligands was developed. A strong linear relationship was found between the readily calculated pKa of the Lazine ligand and the Epa of the MII complex, for all three families of complexes (R2 = 0.98).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Robb
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Luca Bondì
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Santiago Rodríguez-Jiménez
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Anna L Garden
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Paul Jerabek
- Institute of Hydrogen Technology, Helmholtz Zentrum Hereon, Max Planck-Straße 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany.
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
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3
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Morozkov GV, Abel AS, Lyssenko KA, Roznyatovsky VA, Averin AD, Beletskaya IP, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A. Ruthenium(II) complexes with phosphonate-substituted phenanthroline ligands as reusable photoredox catalysts. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:535-551. [PMID: 38053435 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02936k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Ru(II) complexes with polypyridyl ligands (2,2'-bipyridine = bpy, 1,10-phenanthroline = phen) play a central role in the development of photocatalytic organic reactions. In this work, we synthesized four mixed-ligand [Ru(phen)(bpy)2]2+-type complexes (Ru-Pcat-A) bearing two phosphonate substituents P(O)(OH)(OR) (R = H, Et) attached to the phen core at positions 3,8 (Ru-3,8PH and Ru-3,8PHEt) and 4,7 (Ru-4,7PH and Ru-4,7PHEt) of the heterocycle in high yields (87-99%) and characterized them using spectral methods. Single crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the coordination mode of the ditopic phen ligand in Ru-4,7PH. This complex exists as the neutral species and forms a 1D hydrogen-bonded framework in the crystals. The light absorption characteristics were found to be similar for all complexes prepared in this work. However, the emission maxima in aqueous solutions were significantly affected by the substitution of the heterocycle, ranging from 629 nm for Ru-4,7PH to 661 nm for Ru-3,8PHEt. The emission quantum yields in Ar-saturated deionized water showed a strong dependence on the substitution pattern of the phen ligand, with maximal values reaching approximately 0.11 for Ru-4,7PHEt and Ru-4,7PH, which is twice as high as that of the classical [Ru(bpy)3]2+ complex (Ru-bpy). The photocatalytic performance of Ru-Pcat-A was investigated using visible light photoredox catalytic transformations of tertiary amines. With Ru-Pcat-A, we achieved the phosphonylation of N-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) and cyanation of THIQs and N,N-dimethylaniline in methanol, while a mixture of nitromethane/methanol (1 : 1 v/v) proved to be the optimal solvent for conducting the nitromethylation of THIQs. In the majority of the studied reactions, Ru-4,7PHEt exhibited greater efficiency compared to Ru-bpy, and it could be easily separated from the products using water extraction and reused in the next catalytic cycle. We successfully performed seven consecutive nitromethylation and phosphonylation of N-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline using the recycled homogeneous photoredox catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb V Morozkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Anton S Abel
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Konstantin A Lyssenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Miasnitskaya Str. 20, 101000, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Vitaly A Roznyatovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexei D Averin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Irina P Beletskaya
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Pr. 31, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Alla Bessmertnykh-Lemeune
- ENS de Lyon, UMR 5182, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 69342 Lyon, France.
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4
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Nishioka S, Hojo K, Xiao L, Gao T, Miseki Y, Yasuda S, Yokoi T, Sayama K, Mallouk TE, Maeda K. Surface-modified, dye-sensitized niobate nanosheets enabling an efficient solar-driven Z-scheme for overall water splitting. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadc9115. [PMID: 35947708 PMCID: PMC9365272 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While dye-sensitized metal oxides are good candidates as H2 evolution photocatalysts for solar-driven Z-scheme water splitting, their solar-to-hydrogen (STH) energy conversion efficiencies remain low because of uncontrolled charge recombination reactions. Here, we show that modification of Ru dye-sensitized, Pt-intercalated HCa2Nb3O10 nanosheets (Ru/Pt/HCa2Nb3O10) with both amorphous Al2O3 and poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) improves the STH efficiency of Z-scheme overall water splitting by a factor of ~100, when the nanosheets are used in combination with a WO3-based O2 evolution photocatalyst and an I3-/I- redox mediator, relative to an analogous system that uses unmodified Ru/Pt/HCa2Nb3O10. By using the optimized photocatalyst, PSS/Ru/Al2O3/Pt/HCa2Nb3O10, a maximum STH of 0.12% and an apparent quantum yield of 4.1% at 420 nm were obtained, by far the highest among dye-sensitized water splitting systems and comparable to conventional semiconductor-based suspended particulate photocatalyst systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunta Nishioka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Koya Hojo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Langqiu Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tianyue Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yugo Miseki
- Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), West, 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yasuda
- Nanospace Catalysis Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yokoi
- Nanospace Catalysis Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sayama
- Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), West, 16-1, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Thomas E. Mallouk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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5
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Motimani NM, Ngubane S, Smith GS. Polynuclear heteroleptic ruthenium(II) photoredox catalysts: Evaluation in blue-light-mediated, regioselective thiol-ene reactions. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Morozkov GV, Abel AS, Filatov MA, Nefedov SE, Roznyatovsky VA, Cheprakov AV, Mitrofanov AY, Ziankou IS, Averin A, Beletskaya IP, Michalak J, Bucher C, Bonneviot L, Bessmertnykh-Lemeune A. Ruthenium(II) complexes with phosphonate-substituted 1,10-phenanthroline ligands: synthesis, characterization and use in organic photocatalysis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13612-13630. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01364a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II) complexes with polypyridyl ligands play a central role in the development of photocatalytic organic reactions. This work is aimed at the structural modification of such complexes to increase their...
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7
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Ho P, Lee S, Kam C, Zhu J, Shan G, Hong Y, Wong W, Chen S. Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Inactivation of Bacteria Based on Cationic Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with Aggregation-Induced Emission Properties. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100706. [PMID: 34296536 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the emerging methods for curbing multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Effective fluorescent photosensitizers with dual functions of bacteria imaging and PDT applications are highly desirable. In this study, three cationic and heteroleptic cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes with the formula of [Ir(CˆN)2 (NˆN)][PF6 ] are prepared and characterized. These Ir(III) complexes named Ir(ppy)2 bP, Ir(1-pq)2 bP, and Ir(2-pq)2 bP are comprised of three CˆN ligands (i.e., 2-phenylpyridine (ppy), 1-phenylisoquinoline (1-pq), and 2-phenylquinoline (2-pq)) and one NˆN bidentate co-ligand (bP). The photophysical characterizations demonstrate that these Ir(III) complexes are red-emitting, aggregation-induced emission active luminogens. The substitution of phenylpyridine with phenylquinoline isomers in the molecules greatly enhances their UV and visible-light absorbance as well as the photoinduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation ability. All three Ir(III) complexes can stain both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria efficiently. Interestingly, even though Ir(1-pq)2 bP and Ir(2-pq)2 bP are constitutional isomers with very similar structures and similar ROS generation ability in buffer, the former eradicates bacteria much more effectively than the other through white light-irradiated photodynamic inactivation. This work will provide valuable information on the rational design of Ir(III) complexes for fluorescence imaging and efficient photodynamic inactivation of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po‐Yu Ho
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Sin‐Ying Lee
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Chuen Kam
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Junfei Zhu
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Guo‐Gang Shan
- Institute of Functional Materials Chemistry and National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Yuning Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Physics La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe University Melbourne Victoria 3086 Australia
| | - Wai‐Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Sijie Chen
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine Karolinska Institutet Hong Kong P. R. China
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8
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Muñoz-García AB, Benesperi I, Boschloo G, Concepcion JJ, Delcamp JH, Gibson EA, Meyer GJ, Pavone M, Pettersson H, Hagfeldt A, Freitag M. Dye-sensitized solar cells strike back. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12450-12550. [PMID: 34590638 PMCID: PMC8591630 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are celebrating their 30th birthday and they are attracting a wealth of research efforts aimed at unleashing their full potential. In recent years, DSCs and dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have experienced a renaissance as the best technology for several niche applications that take advantage of DSCs' unique combination of properties: at low cost, they are composed of non-toxic materials, are colorful, transparent, and very efficient in low light conditions. This review summarizes the advancements in the field over the last decade, encompassing all aspects of the DSC technology: theoretical studies, characterization techniques, materials, applications as solar cells and as drivers for the synthesis of solar fuels, and commercialization efforts from various companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Muñoz-García
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- University Management and Management Council, Vice Chancellor, Uppsala University, Segerstedthuset, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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9
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Pearson JW, Endean RT, Rasu L, Bergens SH. Investigation into the properties of a ruthenium(polypyridyl)-NHC compound. CAN J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric imidazolium salt [Ru(dmbpy)2(bpip)](PF6)3 (bpip = 1-benzyl-3-isopropyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolinium) was prepared by a four-step synthetic route. The isotopomer labelled with 13C at the C2 position of bpip was prepared from 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-diamine and triethyl orthoformate-(formyl-13C). Deprotonation at low temperatures in acetonitrile using KO t Bu and KHMDS were monitored by NMR to investigate the formation of the free N-heterocyclic carbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Riley T. Endean
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Loorthuraja Rasu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Steven H. Bergens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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10
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Nishioka S, Oshima T, Hirai S, Saito D, Hojo K, Mallouk TE, Maeda K. Excited Carrier Dynamics in a Dye-Sensitized Niobate Nanosheet Photocatalyst for Visible-Light Hydrogen Evolution. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shunta Nishioka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Takayoshi Oshima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shota Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daiki Saito
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Koya Hojo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Thomas E. Mallouk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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11
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Oshima T, Nishioka S, Kikuchi Y, Hirai S, Yanagisawa KI, Eguchi M, Miseki Y, Yokoi T, Yui T, Kimoto K, Sayama K, Ishitani O, Mallouk TE, Maeda K. An Artificial Z-Scheme Constructed from Dye-Sensitized Metal Oxide Nanosheets for Visible Light-Driven Overall Water Splitting. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8412-8420. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Oshima
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Centre Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Shunta Nishioka
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Centre Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yuka Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shota Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kei-ichi Yanagisawa
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Miharu Eguchi
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yugo Miseki
- Research Center for Photovoltaics (RCPV) and Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yokoi
- Nanospace Catalysis Unit, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-S2-5, Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Tatsuto Yui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Koji Kimoto
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sayama
- Research Center for Photovoltaics (RCPV) and Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Thomas E. Mallouk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S. 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-NE-2 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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12
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Waki M, Shirai S, Yamanaka KI, Maegawa Y, Inagaki S. Heterogeneous water oxidation photocatalysis based on periodic mesoporous organosilica immobilizing a tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium sensitizer. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13960-13967. [PMID: 35498487 PMCID: PMC9051631 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00895h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) containing 2,2′-bipyridine groups (BPy-PMO) has been shown to possess a unique pore wall structure in which the 2,2′-bipyridine groups are densely and regularly packed. The surface 2,2′-bipyridine groups can function as chelating ligands for the formation of metal complexes, thus generating molecularly-defined catalytic sites that are exposed on the surface of the material. We here report the construction of a heterogeneous water oxidation photocatalyst by immobilizing several types of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium complexes on BPy-PMO where they function as photosensitizers in conjunction with iridium oxide as a catalyst. The Ru complexes produced on BPy-PMO in this work were composed of three bipyridine ligands, including the BPy in the PMO framework and two X2bpy, denoted herein as Ru(X)-BPy-PMO where X is H (2,2′-bipyridine), Me (4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine), t-Bu(4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine) or CO2Me (4,4′-dimethoxycarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine). Efficient photocatalytic water oxidation was achieved by tuning the photochemical properties of the Ru complexes on the BPy-PMO through the incorporation of electron-donating or electron-withdrawing functionalities. The reaction turnover number based on the amount of the Ru complex was improved to 20, which is higher than values previously obtained from PMO systems acting as water oxidation photocatalysts. Ruthenium complex photosensitizer fixed on 2,2′-bipyridine bridged-periodic mesoporous organosilica with iridium oxide exhibits an efficient photocatalytic water oxidation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Waki
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan
| | - Soichi Shirai
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan
| | | | | | - Shinji Inagaki
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc. Nagakute Aichi 480-1192 Japan
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13
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Brady MD, Troian-Gautier L, Motley TC, Turlington MD, Meyer GJ. An Insulating Al 2O 3 Overlayer Prevents Lateral Hole Hopping Across Dye-Sensitized TiO 2 Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27453-27463. [PMID: 31260245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Three chromophores of the general form [Ru(bpy')2(4,4'-(PO3H2)2-2,2'-bipyridine)]2+, where bpy' is 4,4'-(C(CH3)3)2-2,2'-bipyridine (Ru(dtb)2P); 4,4'-(CH3O)2-2,2'-bipyridine (Ru(OMe)2P), and 2,2'-bipyridine (RuP) were anchored to mesoporous thin films of TiO2 nanocrystallites at saturation surface coverages to investigate lateral self-exchange RuIII/II intermolecular hole hopping in 0.1 M LiClO4/CH3CN electrolytes. Hole hopping was initiated by a potential step 500 mV positive of the E1/2 (RuIII/II) potential or by pulsed laser (532 nm, 8 ns fwhm) excitation and monitored by visible absorption chronoabsorptometry and time-resolved absorption anisotropy measurements, respectively. The hole hopping rate constant kR extracted from the potential step data revealed self-exchange rate constants that followed the trend: TiO2|Ru(OMe)2P (ket = 1.4 × 106 s-1) > TiO2|RuP (7.1 × 105 s-1) > TiO2|Ru(dtb)2P (6.5 × 104 s-1). Analysis of the anisotropy data with Monte Carlo simulations provided hole hopping rate constants for TiO2|RuP and TiO2|Ru(dtb)2P that were within experimental error the same as that measured with the potential step. The hole hopping rate constants were found to trend with the TiO2(e-)|RuIII → TiO2|RuII charge recombination rate constants. The atomic layer deposition of an ∼10 Å layer of Al2O3 on top of the dye-sensitized films was found to prevent hole hopping by both initiation methods even though the chromophore surface coverage exceeded the percolation threshold and excited-state injection was efficient. The dramatic hole hopping turnoff was attributed to a larger outer-sphere reorganization energy for self-exchange due to the restricted access of electrolyte to the redox active chromophores. The implications of these findings for solar energy conversion applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Brady
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Tyler C Motley
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Michael D Turlington
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
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14
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Wu L, Brennaman MK, Nayak A, Eberhart M, Miller AJM, Meyer TJ. Stabilization of Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Chromophores on Mesoporous TiO 2 Electrodes: Surface Reductive Electropolymerization and Silane Chemistry. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:506-514. [PMID: 30937378 PMCID: PMC6439529 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization is a critical issue in the long term operation of dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells (DSPECs) for water splitting or CO2 reduction. The cells require a stable binding of the robust molecular chromophores, catalysts, and chromophore/catalyst assemblies on metal oxide semiconductor electrodes under the corresponding (photoelectro)chemical conditions. Here, an efficient stabilization strategy is presented based on functionalization of FTO|nanoTiO2 (mesoporous, nanostructured TiO2 deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass) electrodes with a vinylsilane followed by surface reductive electropolymerization of a vinyl-derivatized Ru(II) polypyridyl chromophore. The surface electropolymerization was dominated by a grafting-through mechanism, and rapidly completed within minutes. Chromophore surface coverages were controlled up to three equivalent monolayers by the number of electropolymerization cycles. The silane immobilization and cross-linked polymer network produced highly (photo)stabilized chromophore-grafted FTO|nanoTiO2 electrodes. The electrodes showed significant improvements over structures based on atomic layer deposition and polymer dip-coating stabilization methods in a wide pH range from pH ≈ 1 to pH ≈ 12.5 under both dark and light conditions. Under illumination, with hydroquinone added as a sacrificial electron transfer donor, a photoresponse for sustained electron transfer mediation occurred for at least ∼20 h in a pH ≈ 7.5 phosphate buffer (0.1 M NaH2PO4/Na2HPO4, with 0.5 M NaClO4). The overall procedure provides an efficient way to fabricate highly stabilized molecular assemblies on electrode surfaces with potential applications for DSPECs in solar fuels.
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15
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Mack JBC, Walker KL, Robinson SG, Zare RN, Sigman MS, Waymouth RM, Du Bois J. Mechanistic Study of Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Hydroxylation Reveals an Unexpected Pathway for Catalyst Arrest. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:972-980. [PMID: 30601662 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We have recently disclosed [(dtbpy)2RuCl2] as an effective precatalyst for chemoselective C-H hydroxylation of C(sp3)-H bonds and have noted a marked disparity in reaction performance between 4,4'-di- tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dtbpy)- and 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy)-derived complexes. A desire to understand the origin of this difference and to further advance this catalytic method has motivated the comprehensive mechanistic investigation described herein. Details of this reaction have been unveiled through evaluation of ligand structure-activity relationships, electrochemical and kinetic studies, and pressurized sample infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (PSI-MS). Salient findings from this investigation include the identification of more than one active oxidant and three disparate mechanisms for catalyst decomposition/arrest. Catalyst efficiency, as measured by turnover number, has a strong inverse correlation with the rate and extent of ligand dissociation, which is dependent on the identity of bipyridyl 4,4'-substituent groups. Dissociated bipyridyl ligand is oxidized to mono- and bis- N-oxide species under the reaction conditions, the former of which is found to act as a potent catalyst poison, yielding a catalytically inactive tris-ligated [Ru(dtbpy)2(dtbpy N-oxide)]2+ complex. Insights gained through this work highlight the power of PSI-MS for studies of complex reaction processes and are guiding ongoing efforts to develop high-performance, next-generation catalyst systems for C-H hydroxylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B C Mack
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Katherine L Walker
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Sophia G Robinson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Matthew S Sigman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - J Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , 337 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
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16
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Rodríguez‐Jiménez S, Bondì L, Yang M, Garden AL, Brooker S. Predictable Electronic Tuning By Choice of Azine Substituent in Five Iron(II) Triazoles: Redox Properties and DFT Calculations. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:1158-1166. [PMID: 30550630 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rodríguez‐Jiménez
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyUniversity of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Luca Bondì
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyUniversity of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Mingrui Yang
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyUniversity of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Anna L. Garden
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyUniversity of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Sally Brooker
- Department of Chemistry and MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyUniversity of Otago P.O. Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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17
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Wu L, Eberhart M, Nayak A, Brennaman MK, Shan B, Meyer TJ. A Molecular Silane-Derivatized Ru(II) Catalyst for Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15062-15069. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michael Eberhart
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Animesh Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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18
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Brady MD, Troian-Gautier L, Sampaio RN, Motley TC, Meyer GJ. Optimization of Photocatalyst Excited- and Ground-State Reduction Potentials for Dye-Sensitized HBr Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:31312-31323. [PMID: 30130392 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized bromide oxidation was investigated using a series of four ruthenium polypyridyl photocatalysts anchored to SnO2/TiO2 core/shell mesoporous thin films through 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-diphosphonic acid anchoring groups. The ground- and excited-state reduction potentials were tuned over 500 mV by the introduction of electron withdrawing groups in the 4 and 4' positions of the ancillary bipyridine ligands. Upon light excitation of the surface-bound photocatalysts, excited-state electron injection yielded an oxidized photocatalyst that was regenerated through bromide oxidation. High injection quantum yields (Φinj) and regeneration quantum yields (Φreg) were essential to obtain efficient bromide oxidation yet required a photocatalyst that is both a potent photoreductant and a strong oxidant after excited-state injection. The four photocatalysts utilized in this manuscript ranged from unity Φinj (1.0) and minimal Φreg (0.037) to minimal Φinj (0.09) and unity Φreg (1.0). The photocatalyst that displayed the highest overall dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cell performances exhibited near unity Φreg (0.99), while a significant Φinj was still preserved (0.59). Thus, these results highlighted the delicate interplay between the ground- and excited-state reduction potentials of photocatalysts for dye-sensitized hydrobromic acid splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Brady
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Renato N Sampaio
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Tyler C Motley
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Murray Hall 2202B , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599-3290 , United States
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19
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Rodríguez-Santiago AJ, Cortés N, Pham K, Miksovska J, Raptis RG. 4,4′-Dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine complexes of Co(III), Cu(II) and Zn(II); structural and spectroscopic characterization. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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20
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Raber MM, Brady MD, Troian-Gautier L, Dickenson JC, Marquard SL, Hyde JT, Lopez SJ, Meyer GJ, Meyer TJ, Harrison DP. Fundamental Factors Impacting the Stability of Phosphonate-Derivatized Ruthenium Polypyridyl Sensitizers Adsorbed on Metal Oxide Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:22821-22833. [PMID: 29883103 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of 18 ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes were synthesized and evaluated under electrochemically oxidative conditions, which generates the Ru(III) oxidation state and mimics the harsh conditions experienced during the kinetically limited regime that can occur in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and dye-sensitized photo-electrosynthesis cells, to further develop fundamental insights into the factors governing molecular sensitizer surface stability in aqueous 0.1 M HClO4. Both desorption and oxidatively induced ligand substitution were observed on planar fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes, with a dependence on the E1/2 Ru(III/II) redox potential dictating the comparative ratios of the processes. Complexes such as RuP4OMe ( E1/2 = 0.91 vs Ag/AgCl) displayed virtually only desorption, while complexes such as RuPbpz ( E1/2 > 1.62 V vs Ag/AgCl) displayed only chemical decomposition. Comparing isomers of 4,4'- and 5,5'-disubstituted-2,2'-bipyridine ancillary ligands, a dramatic increase in the rate of desorption of the Ru(III) complexes was observed for the 5,5'-ligands. Nanoscopic indium-doped tin oxide thin films (nanoITO) were also sensitized and analyzed with cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, allowing for further distinction of desorption versus ligand-substitution processes. Desorption loss to bulk solution associated with the planar surface of FTO is essentially non-existent on nanoITO, where both desorption and ligand substitution are shut down with RuP4OMe. These results revealed that minimizing time spent in the oxidized form, incorporating electron-donating groups, maximizing hydrophobicity, and minimizing molecular bulk near the adsorbed ligand are critical to optimizing the performance of ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes in dye-sensitized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKenzie M Raber
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Military Institute , Lexington , Virginia 24450 , United States
| | - Matthew D Brady
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - John C Dickenson
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Military Institute , Lexington , Virginia 24450 , United States
| | - Seth L Marquard
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Jacob T Hyde
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Military Institute , Lexington , Virginia 24450 , United States
| | - Santiago J Lopez
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Military Institute , Lexington , Virginia 24450 , United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , United States
| | - Daniel P Harrison
- Department of Chemistry , Virginia Military Institute , Lexington , Virginia 24450 , United States
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21
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Manfredi N, Boldrini CL, Abbotto A. Organic Sensitizers for Photoanode Water Splitting in Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrochemical Cells. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norberto Manfredi
- Department of Materials Science and Solar Energy Research Center MIB-SOLAR; University of Milano-Bicocca; INSTM Milano-Bicocca Research; Via Cozzi 55 I-20125 Milano Italy
| | - Chiara Liliana Boldrini
- Department of Materials Science and Solar Energy Research Center MIB-SOLAR; University of Milano-Bicocca; INSTM Milano-Bicocca Research; Via Cozzi 55 I-20125 Milano Italy
| | - Alessandro Abbotto
- Department of Materials Science and Solar Energy Research Center MIB-SOLAR; University of Milano-Bicocca; INSTM Milano-Bicocca Research; Via Cozzi 55 I-20125 Milano Italy
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22
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Esarey SL, Bartlett BM. pH-Dependence of Binding Constants and Desorption Rates of Phosphonate- and Hydroxamate-Anchored [Ru(bpy) 3] 2+ on TiO 2 and WO 3. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:4535-4547. [PMID: 29601204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The binding constants and rate constants for desorption of the modified molecular dye [Ru(bpy)3]2+ anchored by either phosphonate or hydroxamate on the bipyridine ligand to anatase TiO2 and WO3 have been measured. In aqueous media at pH 1-10, repulsive electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged anchor and the negatively charged surface govern phosphonate desorption under neutral and basic conditions for TiO2 anatase due to the high acidity of phosphonic acid (p Ka,4 = 5.1). In contrast, the lower acidity of hydroxamate (p Ka,1 = 6.5, p Ka,2 = 9.1) leads to little change in adsorption/desorption properties as a function of pH from 1 to 7. The binding constant for hydroxamate is 103 in water, independent of pH in this range. These results are true for WO3 as well, but are not reported at pH > 4 due to its Arrhenius acidity. Kinetics for desorption as a function of pH are reported, with a proposed mechanism for phosphonate desorption at high pH being the electrostatic repulsion of negative charges between the surface and the anionic anchor. Further, the hydroxamic acid anchor itself is likely the site of quasi-reversible redox activity in [Ru(bpy)2(2,2'-bpy-4,4'-(C(O)N(OH))2)]2+, which does not lead to any measurable deterioration of the complex within 2 h of dark cyclic voltammogram scans in aqueous media. These results posit phosphonate as the preferred anchoring group under acidic conditions and hydroxamate for neutral/basic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Esarey
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
| | - Bart M Bartlett
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States
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23
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Sun B, Liang Z, Xie BP, Li RT, Li LZ, Jiang ZH, Bai LP, Chen JX. Fluorescence sensing platform based on ruthenium(II) complexes as high 3S (sensitivity, specificity, speed) and "on-off-on" sensors for the miR-185 detection. Talanta 2017; 179:658-667. [PMID: 29310291 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the enormous importance attributed to the biological function of miRNA, we pour our attention into the design and synthesis of four ruthenium(II) complexes and evaluate their applications as miR-185 detection agents by spectroscopic measurements. It was found that all complexes can form sensing platform for the detection of the complementary target miR-185 through the introduction of carboxyfluorescein (FAM) labeled single stranded DNA (P-DNA), giving the detection limits of 0.42nM for Ru 1, 0.28nM for Ru 2, 0.32nM for Ru 3, 0.85nM for Ru 4, all with instantaneous detection time in 1min. The results of the binding constant, fluorescence anisotropy (FA) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis experiments (PAGE) revealed that the ruthenium(II) complexes prefer to bind P-DNA other than hybrid duplexes DNA@RNA upon recognition, resulting in the detection of miR-185. These results provide useful suggestions in the new type of metal-based miRNA detection agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Bao-Ping Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Rong-Tian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Lin-Ze Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau
| | - Jin-Xiang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Emerging Virus Prevention and Treatment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China.
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24
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Brady MD, Sampaio RN, Wang D, Meyer TJ, Meyer GJ. Dye-Sensitized Hydrobromic Acid Splitting for Hydrogen Solar Fuel Production. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15612-15615. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Brady
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Renato N. Sampaio
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Gerald J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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25
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Wang D, Farnum BH, Sheridan MV, Marquard SL, Sherman BD, Meyer TJ. Inner Layer Control of Performance in a Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:33533-33538. [PMID: 28244735 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial charge transfer and core-shell structures play important roles in dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cells (DSPEC) for water splitting into H2 and O2. An important element in the design of the photoanode in these devices is a core/shell structure which controls local electron transfer dynamics. Here, we introduce a new element, an internal layer of Al2O3 lying between the Sb:SnO2/TiO2 layers in a core/shell electrode which can improve photocurrents by up to 300%. In these structures, the results of photocurrent, transient absorption, and linear scan voltammetry measurements point to an important role for the Al2O3 layer in controlling internal electron transfer within the core/shell structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Byron H Farnum
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew V Sheridan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Seth L Marquard
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Benjamin D Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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Shalan H, Colbert A, Nguyen TT, Kato M, Cheruzel L. Correlating the para-Substituent Effects on Ru(II)-Polypyridine Photophysical Properties and on the Corresponding Hybrid P450 BM3 Enzymes Photocatalytic Activity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6558-6564. [PMID: 28537742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II)-diimine complexes covalently attached near the heme active site of P450 BM3 enzymes have been used to rapidly inject electrons and drive selective C-H functionalization upon visible light irradiation. Herein, we have generated a series of hybrid P450 BM3 enzymes containing a photosensitizer of general formula [Ru(4,4'-X2bpy)2(PhenA)]2+ where X = Cl, H, tBu, Me OPhe, OMe, or NMe2, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, and PhenA = 5-acetamido-1,10-phenanthroline. We then probed the effect of electron-withdrawing and -donating groups at the para position of the 4,4'-X2bpy ligands on the corresponding hybrid enzymes photocatalytic activity. A 3-fold improvement in initial reaction rate was noted when varying the substituent from Cl to tBu, however, the reaction rates decrease thereafter with the more electron donating groups. In order to rationalize those effects, we investigated the variation of the substituent on the photophysical properties of the corresponding [Ru(4,4'-X2bpy)2(bpy)]2+ model complexes. Several linear correlations were established between the E(III/II) potential, the MLCT emission, and absorption energies as well as the logarithm of the luminescence quenching rate vs the summative Brown-Okamoto parameter (Σσp+). Moreover, a downward curved Hammett plot is observed with the hybrid enzyme initial reaction rate revealing mechanistic details about the overall light-driven enzymatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadil Shalan
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Alexander Colbert
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Thanh Truc Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Mallory Kato
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Lionel Cheruzel
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
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27
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Sheridan MV, Hill DJ, Sherman BD, Wang D, Marquard SL, Wee KR, Cahoon JF, Meyer TJ. All-in-One Derivatized Tandem p +n-Silicon-SnO 2/TiO 2 Water Splitting Photoelectrochemical Cell. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2440-2446. [PMID: 28240557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous metal oxide film electrodes consisting of derivatized 5.5 μm thick SnO2 films with an outer 4.3 nm shell of TiO2 added by atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been investigated to explore unbiased water splitting on p, n, and p+n type silicon substrates. Modified electrodes were derivatized by addition of the water oxidation catalyst, [Ru(bda)(4-O(CH2)3PO3H2)-pyr)2], 1, (pyr = pyridine; bda = 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxylate), and chromophore, [Ru(4,4'-PO3H2-bpy) (bpy)2]2+, RuP2+, (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), which form 2:1 RuP2+/1 assemblies on the surface. At pH 5.7 in 0.1 M acetate buffer, these electrodes with a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) back contact under ∼1 sun illumination (100 mW/cm2; white light source) perform efficient water oxidation with a photocurrent of 1.5 mA/cm2 with an 88% Faradaic efficiency (FE) for O2 production at an applied bias of 600 mV versus RHE ( ACS Energy Lett. , 2016 , 1 , 231 - 236 ). The SnO2/TiO2-chromophore-catalyst assembly was integrated with the Si electrodes by a thin layer of titanium followed by an amorphous TiO2 (Ti/a-TiO2) coating as an interconnect. In the integrated electrode, p+n-Si-Ti/a-TiO2-SnO2/TiO2|-2RuP2+/1, the p+n-Si junction provided about 350 mV in added potential to the half cell. In photolysis experiments at pH 5.7 in 0.1 M acetate buffer, bias-free photocurrents approaching 100 μA/cm2 were obtained for water splitting, 2H2O → 2H2 + O2. The FE for water oxidation was 79% with a hydrogen efficiency of ∼100% at the Pt cathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew V Sheridan
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - David J Hill
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Benjamin D Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Seth L Marquard
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Kyung-Ryang Wee
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - James F Cahoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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28
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Cadranel A, Tate JE, Oviedo PS, Yamazaki S, Hodak JH, Baraldo LM, Kleiman VD. Distant ultrafast energy transfer in a trimetallic {Ru-Ru-Cr} complex facilitated by hole delocalization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:2882-2893. [PMID: 28074958 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06562g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multi-metallic complexes based on {Ru-Cr}, {Ru-Ru} and {Ru-Ru-Cr} fragments are investigated for their light-harvesting and long-range energy transfer properties. We report the synthesis and characterization of [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(μ-CN)Ru(py)4Cl]2+ and [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(μ-CN)Ru(py)4(μ-NC)Cr(CN)5]. The intercalation of {RuII(py)4} linked by cyanide bridges between {Ru(tpy)(bpy)} and {Cr(CN)5} results in efficient, distant energy transfer followed by emission from the Cr moiety. Characterization of the energy transfer process based on photophysical and ultrafast time-resolved absorption suggests the delocalization of holes in the excited state, providing a pathway for energy transfer between the end moieties. The proposed mechanism opens the door to utilize this family of complexes as an appealing platform for the design of antenna compounds as the properties of the fragments could be tuned independently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cadranel
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Inorgánica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Jaired E Tate
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO BOX 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA.
| | - Paola S Oviedo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Inorgánica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Shiori Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO BOX 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA.
| | - José H Hodak
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Inorgánica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Luis M Baraldo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Inorgánica y Química Física, INQUIMAE, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina.
| | - Valeria D Kleiman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO BOX 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA.
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29
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Brereton KR, Bellows SM, Fallah H, Lopez AA, Adams RM, Miller AJM, Jones WD, Cundari TR. Aqueous Hydricity from Calculations of Reduction Potential and Acidity in Water. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:12911-12919. [PMID: 28002955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b09864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydricity, or hydride donating ability, is a thermodynamic value that helps define the reactivity of transition metal hydrides. To avoid some of the challenges of experimental hydricity measurements in water, a computational method for the determination of aqueous hydricity values has been developed. With a thermochemical cycle involving deprotonation of the metal hydride (pKa), 2e- oxidation of the metal (E°), and 2e- reduction of the proton, hydricity values are provided along with other valuable thermodynamic information. The impact of empirical corrections (for example, calibrating reduction potentials with 2e- organic versus 1e- inorganic potentials) was assessed in the calculation of the reduction potentials, acidities, and hydricities of a series of iridium hydride complexes. Calculated hydricities are consistent with electronic trends and agree well with experimental values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R Brereton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sarina M Bellows
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Hengameh Fallah
- Department of Chemistry and CASCaM, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Antonio A Lopez
- Department of Chemistry and CASCaM, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Robert M Adams
- Department of Chemistry and CASCaM, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - William D Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry and CASCaM, University of North Texas , Denton, Texas 76203, United States
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30
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Esarey SL, Holland JC, Bartlett BM. Determining the Fate of a Non-Heme Iron Oxidation Catalyst Under Illumination, Oxygen, and Acid. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11040-11049. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L. Esarey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joel C. Holland
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Bart M. Bartlett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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31
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Na H, Maity A, Teets TS. Postsynthetic Systematic Electronic Tuning of Organoplatinum Photosensitizers via Secondary Coordination Sphere Interactions. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanah Na
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Ayan Maity
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Thomas S. Teets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, 3585 Cullen Boulevard, Room 112, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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32
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Gross MA, Creissen CE, Orchard KL, Reisner E. Photoelectrochemical hydrogen production in water using a layer-by-layer assembly of a Ru dye and Ni catalyst on NiO. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5537-5546. [PMID: 30034695 PMCID: PMC6021778 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00715e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Layer-by-layer assembly of a Ru dye and Ni catalyst on a p-type NiO photocathode enables photoelectrochemical H2 generation in water.
Capture and conversion of sunlight into the storable energy carrier H2 can be achieved through photoelectrochemical water splitting using light-absorbing cathodes and anodes bearing H2 and O2 evolving catalysts. Here, we report on the development of a dye-sensitised p-type nickel oxide (NiO) photocathode with a hexaphosphonated Ru(2,2′-bipyridine)3 based dye (RuP3) and a tetraphosphonated molecular [Ni(P2N2)2]2+ type proton reduction catalyst (NiP) for the photoreduction of aqueous protons to H2. A layer-by-layer deposition approach was employed, using Zr4+ ions to link the phosphonate units in RuP3 and NiP in a supramolecular assembly on the NiO photocathode. This approach keeps the dye in close proximity to the catalyst and semiconductor surface, but spatially separates NiP from NiO for advantageous electron transfer dynamics. The NiO|RuP3–Zr4+–NiP electrodes generate higher photocurrents and are more stable than photocathodes with RuP3 and NiP co-immobilised on the NiO surface in the absence of Zr4+ cations linking dye and catalyst. The generation of H2 with the NiO|RuP3–Zr4+–NiP hybrid electrode in pH 3 aqueous electrolyte solution during irradiation with a UV-filtered solar light simulator (λ > 400 nm, 100 mW cm–2, AM1.5G) has been confirmed by gas chromatography at an underpotential of 300 mV (Eappl = +0.3 V vs. RHE), demonstrating the potential of these electrodes to store solar energy in the chemical bond of H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela A Gross
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
| | - Charles E Creissen
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
| | - Katherine L Orchard
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry , Lensfield Road , CB2 1EW Cambridge , UK .
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33
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de P. Silva MDS, Diógenes IC, de Carvalho IM, Zanoni KP, Amaral RC, Iha NM. Novel heteroleptic ruthenium complexes for dye sensitized solar cells. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Structures and photophysical properties of a family of [Ru(dcmb)2]2+ based complexes having pyridyl and amino acid ancillary ligands. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Ashford DL, Gish MK, Vannucci AK, Brennaman MK, Templeton JL, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Molecular Chromophore–Catalyst Assemblies for Solar Fuel Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:13006-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis L. Ashford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Melissa K. Gish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Aaron K. Vannucci
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - M. Kyle Brennaman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph L. Templeton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - John M. Papanikolas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3290, Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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36
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Fielden J, Sumliner JM, Han N, Geletii YV, Xiang X, Musaev DG, Lian T, Hill CL. Water splitting with polyoxometalate-treated photoanodes: enhancing performance through sensitizer design. Chem Sci 2015; 6:5531-5543. [PMID: 29861891 PMCID: PMC5949860 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01439e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Visible light driven water oxidation has been demonstrated at near-neutral pH using photoanodes based on nanoporous films of TiO2, polyoxometalate (POM) water oxidation catalyst [{Ru4O4(OH)2(H2O)4}(γ-SiW10O36)2]10- (1), and both known photosensitizer [Ru(bpy)2(H4dpbpy)]2+ (P2) and the novel crown ether functionalized dye [Ru(5-crownphen)2(H2dpbpy)](H22). Both triads, containing catalyst 1, and catalyst-free dyads, produce O2 with high faradaic efficiencies (80 to 94%), but presence of catalyst enhances quantum yield by up to 190% (maximum 0.39%). New sensitizer H22 absorbs light more strongly than P2, and increases O2 quantum yields by up to 270%. TiO2-2 based photoelectrodes are also more stable to desorption of active species than TiO2-P2: losses of catalyst 1 are halved when pH > TiO2 point-of-zero charge (pzc), and losses of sensitizer reduced below the pzc (no catalyst is lost when pH < pzc). For the triads, quantum yields of O2 are higher at pH 5.8 than at pH 7.2, opposing the trend observed for 1 under homogeneous conditions. This is ascribed to lower stability of the dye oxidized states at higher pH, and less efficient electron transfer to TiO2, and is also consistent with the 4th1-to-dye electron transfer limiting performance rather than catalyst TOFmax. Transient absorption reveals that TiO2-2-1 has similar 1st electron transfer dynamics to TiO2-P2-1, with rapid (ps timescale) formation of long-lived TiO2(e-)-2-1(h+) charge separated states, and demonstrates that metallation of the crown ether groups (Na+/Mg2+) has little or no effect on electron transfer from 1 to 2. The most widely relevant findings of this study are therefore: (i) increased dye extinction coefficients and binding stability significantly improve performance in dye-sensitized water splitting systems; (ii) binding of POMs to electrode surfaces can be stabilized through use of recognition groups; (iii) the optimal homogeneous and TiO2-bound operating pHs of a catalyst may not be the same; and (iv) dye-sensitized TiO2 can oxidize water without a catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Fielden
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA . .,WestCHEM , School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK
| | - Jordan M Sumliner
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA .
| | - Nannan Han
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA .
| | - Yurii V Geletii
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA .
| | - Xu Xiang
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA . .,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 1000029 , P. R. China
| | - Djamaladdin G Musaev
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA .
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA .
| | - Craig L Hill
- Department of Chemistry , Cherry L. Emerson Center for Scientific Computation , Emory University , Atlanta , GA 30322 , USA .
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