1
|
Plunkett S, Diccianni JB, Panish R, Balsells J. Synthesis of 3-Aminoazaindazoles via Cu-Catalyzed Cross Coupling of Isocyanides. Org Lett 2024; 26:6933-6938. [PMID: 39101578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are commonly encountered in drug discovery, but the synthesis of such ring structures is not always efficient. Fused heterocyclic rings, in particular, can be challenging to synthesize. Herein, we report a highly convergent synthesis of 3-aminoazaindazoles via a Cu-catalyzed reaction between isocyanides and 3-halo-2-hydrazineylpyridines (and analogues). Reaction optimization through high-throughput experimentation (HTE) identified a novel set of exogenous ligand-free Cu conditions utilizing a cheap and readily available catalyst. The reaction displays high functional group tolerance and has the potential to be highly enabling for medicinal chemistry efforts. A putative mechanism is described as well as preliminary mechanistic experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane Plunkett
- Discovery Process Research, Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Justin B Diccianni
- Global Discovery Chemistry, Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| | - Robert Panish
- Discovery Process Research, Janssen R&D, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jaume Balsells
- Discovery Process Research, Janssen R&D, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Radhakrishna L, Sheokand S, Mondal D, Balakrishna MS. Structural Diversity and Rare η 1 Cu-C Interactions in Cu I Complexes of 1,2,3-Triazole-Functionalized Bisphosphines. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9919-9930. [PMID: 38755737 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the synthesis of copper complexes of 1,2,3-triazolyl-phosphines: o-Ph2P(C6H4){1,2,3-N3CC6H5)C(PPh2)} (L1), (C6H5){1,2,3-N3C(C6H4(o-PPh2))-C(PPh2)} (L2), 3-Ph2P(C5H3N){1,2,3-N3C(C6H5)C(PPh2)} (L3), o-Ph2P(C6H4){1,2,3-N3C(C5H5N)C(PPh2)} (L4), and {(3,5-Ph2PC6H4-o)21,2,3-N3CCH} (L5). The reactions of L1-L3 with CuI salts afforded dimeric complexes having the general formula [Cu2(μ -X)2L2] (L = L1, X = Cl, Br and I: 1 - 3; L= L2, X = Cl, Br and I: 4- 6; L = L3; X = Cl, Br, and I: 7-9). The reaction of L4 with CuI in a 1:2 molar ratio afforded 1D-coordination polymer [{(CuI)2{o-Ph2P(C6H4){1,2,3-N3C(C5H5N)C(PPh2)}-μ-((k1-N)(k2-P,P))}}]n (10). The reaction of L5 with cuprous halides (CuX) (X = Br, I) yielded mononuclear complexes [CuX{(3,5-Ph2PC6H4-o)21,2,3-N3CCH}-κ2P,P] (X = Br, 12; I, 13). Crystal structures of complexes 12 and 13 showed close interactions between CuI and the triazole C7 carbon. These relatively short Cu···C7 separations may be due to the η1-C interaction (dπ-pπ bond) between the triazolic carbon atom (via pz orbital) and CuI or three-centered two-electron interaction between CuI and the triazolic C-H bond. The existence of the Cu···C interaction was further evinced by the QTAIM analysis in compounds 12 and 13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latchupatula Radhakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Powai 400076, India
| | - Sonu Sheokand
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Powai 400076, India
| | - Dipanjan Mondal
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Powai 400076, India
| | - Maravanji S Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, Powai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bi L, Jamnuch S, Chen A, Do A, Balto KP, Wang Z, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Tao AR, Pascal TA, Figueroa JS, Li S. Molecular-Scale Visualization of Steric Effects of Ligand Binding to Reconstructed Au(111) Surfaces. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11764-11772. [PMID: 38625675 PMCID: PMC11066864 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Direct imaging of single molecules at nanostructured interfaces is a grand challenge with potential to enable new, precise material architectures and technologies. Of particular interest are the structural morphology and spectroscopic signatures of the adsorbed molecule, where modern probes are only now being developed with the necessary spatial and energetic resolution to provide detailed information at the molecule-surface interface. Here, we directly characterize the adsorption of individual m-terphenyl isocyanide ligands on a reconstructed Au(111) surface through scanning tunneling microscopy and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. The site-dependent steric pressure of the various surface features alters the vibrational fingerprints of the m-terphenyl isocyanides, which are characterized with single-molecule precision through joint experimental and theoretical approaches. This study provides molecular-level insights into the steric-pressure-enabled surface binding selectivity as well as its effect on the chemical properties of individual surface-binding ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liya Bi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0309, United States
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Sasawat Jamnuch
- Department
of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Amanda Chen
- Department
of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Alexandria Do
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
- Department
of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Krista P. Balto
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0309, United States
| | - Zhe Wang
- Institute
of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Qingyi Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0309, United States
| | - Yufei Wang
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
- Department
of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Yanning Zhang
- Institute
of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Andrea R. Tao
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0309, United States
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
- Department
of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Tod A. Pascal
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
- Department
of Nano and Chemical Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0448, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0309, United States
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
| | - Shaowei Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0309, United States
- Program
in Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, San Diego, California 92093-0418, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Landaeta VR, Horsley Downie TM, Wolf R. Low-Valent Transition Metalate Anions in Synthesis, Small Molecule Activation, and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1323-1463. [PMID: 38354371 PMCID: PMC10906008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This review surveys the synthesis and reactivity of low-oxidation state metalate anions of the d-block elements, with an emphasis on contributions reported between 2006 and 2022. Although the field has a long and rich history, the chemistry of transition metalate anions has been greatly enhanced in the last 15 years by the application of advanced concepts in complex synthesis and ligand design. In recent years, the potential of highly reactive metalate complexes in the fields of small molecule activation and homogeneous catalysis has become increasingly evident. Consequently, exciting applications in small molecule activation have been developed, including in catalytic transformations. This article intends to guide the reader through the fascinating world of low-valent transition metalates. The first part of the review describes the synthesis and reactivity of d-block metalates stabilized by an assortment of ligand frameworks, including carbonyls, isocyanides, alkenes and polyarenes, phosphines and phosphorus heterocycles, amides, and redox-active nitrogen-based ligands. Thereby, the reader will be familiarized with the impact of different ligand types on the physical and chemical properties of metalates. In addition, ion-pairing interactions and metal-metal bonding may have a dramatic influence on metalate structures and reactivities. The complex ramifications of these effects are examined in a separate section. The second part of the review is devoted to the reactivity of the metalates toward small inorganic molecules such as H2, N2, CO, CO2, P4 and related species. It is shown that the use of highly electron-rich and reactive metalates in small molecule activation translates into impressive catalytic properties in the hydrogenation of organic molecules and the reduction of N2, CO, and CO2. The results discussed in this review illustrate that the potential of transition metalate anions is increasingly being tapped for challenging catalytic processes with relevance to organic synthesis and energy conversion. Therefore, it is hoped that this review will serve as a useful resource to inspire further developments in this dynamic research field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert Wolf
- University of Regensburg, Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Claude G, Kulitzki E, Hagenbach A, Roca Jungfer M, Figueroa JS, Abram U. Phenylimido complexes of rhenium: fluorine substituents provide protection, reactivity, and solubility. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:4768-4778. [PMID: 36943090 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00446e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of [Re(NPhF)Cl3(PPh3)2] ({NPhF}2- = p-fluorophenylimide) with a variety of alkyl and aryl isocyanides have been studied. Different reactivity patterns and products have been obtained depending on the steric and electronic properties of the individual ligands. This involves the formation of 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 exchange products of Re(V) with the general formulae mer-[Re(NPhF)Cl3(PPh3)(isocyanide)] and cis- or trans-[Re(NPhF)Cl3(isocyanide)2]. The stability of the obtained products is correlated with the substitution pattern of the isocyanide ligands. The products have been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods, including IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. The use of partially fluorinated starting materials and ligands allows the modulation of the solubilities of the starting materials and the products as well as the monitoring of the reactions by means of 19F NMR. The attachment of the CF3 or F substituent on the isocyanides gives control over the steric bulk and the electronic properties of the ligands and, thus, their reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Claude
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Erika Kulitzki
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Roca Jungfer
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California 92093, USA.
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34/36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salsi F, Hagenbach A, Figueroa JS, Abram U. Na[Tc(CO)(CN p-F-Ar DArF2) 4]: an isocyanide analogue of the elusive Na[Tc(CO) 5]. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4028-4031. [PMID: 36924117 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00946g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The first crystalline technetium complex in a negative oxidation state, [Tc-I(CO)(CNp-F-ArDArF2)4]-, was isolated and structurally characterized as its [Na(Crypt-2.2.2)]+ salt. It mirrors the properties of the textbook organometallic compound Na[Tc(CO)5], which has eluded isolation and structural characterization until today. [Na(Crypt-2.2.2)][Tc-I(CO)(CNp-F-ArDArF2)4] reacts expectedly as a nucleophile, which is demonstrated by reactions with HCl and ClSnMe3. They give the unprecedented monohydrido and trimethylstannyl complexes of technetium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Salsi
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358, La Jolla, CA 92193, USA.
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstr. 34/36, Berlin D-14195, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Chen AA, Balto KP, Xie Y, Figueroa JS, Pascal TA, Tao AR. Curvature-Selective Nanocrystal Surface Ligation Using Sterically-Encumbered Metal-Coordinating Ligands. ACS NANO 2022; 16:12747-12754. [PMID: 35943141 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic ligands are critical in determining the physiochemical properties of inorganic nanocrystals. However, precise nanocrystal surface modification is extremely difficult to achieve. Most research focuses on finding ligands that fully passivate the nanocrystal surface, with an emphasis on the supramolecular structure generated by the ligand shell. Inspired by molecular metal-coordination complexes, we devised an approach based on ligand anchoring groups that are flanked by encumbering organic substituents and are chemoselective for binding to nanocrystal corner, edge, and facet sites. Through experiment and theory, we affirmed that the surface-ligand steric pressures generated by these organic substituents are significant enough to impede binding to regions of low nanocurvature, such as nanocrystal facets, and to promote binding to regions of high curvature such as nanocrystal edges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023-0448, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Amanda A Chen
- Department of Nanoengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023-0448, United States
| | - Krista P Balto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of Nanoengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023-0448, United States
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Tod A Pascal
- Department of Nanoengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023-0448, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| | - Andrea R Tao
- Department of Nanoengineering and Chemical Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023-0448, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92023, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sikma RE, Balto KP, Figueroa JS, Cohen SM. Metal–Organic Frameworks with Low‐Valent Metal Nodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206353. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Eric Sikma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Krista P. Balto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Seth M. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sikma RE, Balto KT, Figueroa JS, Cohen SM. Metal‐Organic Frameworks with Low‐Valent Metal Nodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Eric Sikma
- UC San Diego: University of California San Diego Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Krista T Balto
- UC San Diego: University of California San Diego Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- UC San Diego: University of California San Diego Chemistry and Biochemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Seth Mason Cohen
- University of California, San Diego Chemistry and Biochemistry 9500 Gilman Drive 92093-0358 La Jolla UNITED STATES
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Karwasara S, Maurer LR, Peerless B, Schnakenburg G, Das U, Filippou AC. (NHC)Si═C═N-R: A Two-Coordinated Si 0-Isocyanide Compound as Si(NHC) Transfer Reagent. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14780-14794. [PMID: 34469138 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical studies are reported of the first two-coordinated Si0-isocyanide compound (SIDipp)Si═C═N-ArMes (1: SIDipp (NHC) = C[N(Dipp)CH2]2, ArMes = 2,6-dimesitylphenyl), supported by an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC). A Si atom economic two-step synthesis of 1 involves a 2e reduction of the isocyanide-stabilized silyliumylidene salt [SiBr(CNArMes)(SIDipp)][B(ArF)4] (2[B(ArF)4], ArF = B(C6H3-3,5-(CF3)2)4) with KC8. 2[B(ArF)4] was obtained from SiBr2(SIDipp) after bromide abstraction with an equimolar mixture of Na[B(ArF)4] and ArMesNC. Exact adherence to the stoichiometry is crucial in the latter reaction, since 2[B(ArF)4] reacts with SiBr2(SIDipp) via isocyanide exchange to afford the disilicon(II) salt [Si2Br3(SIDipp)2)][B(ArF)4] (3[B(ArF)4]), the reaction leading to an equilibrium that favors 3[B(ArF)4] (Keq(298 K) = 10.6, ΔH° = -10.6 kJ mol-1; ΔS° = -16.0 J mol-1 K-1). 3[B(ArF)4] was obtained selectively from the 2:1 reaction of SiBr2(SIDipp) with Na[B(ArF)4] and fully characterized. Detailed studies of 1 reveal an intriguing structure featuring a planar CNHC-Si-C-N skeleton with a V-shaped geometry at the dicoordinated Si0 center, a slightly bent Si═C═N core, a CNHC-Si-CCNR 3c-2e out of plane π-bond (HOMO), and an anticlinal conformation of the SIDipp and ArMes substituents leading to axial chirality and the presence of two enantiomers, (Ra)-1 and (Sa)-1. Compound 1 displays structural dynamics in solution, rapidly interconverting the enantiomers. The silacumulene 1 is a potent Si(SIDipp) transfer agent as demonstrated by the synthesis and full characterization of the NHC-supported germasilyne (Z)-(SIDipp)(Cl)Si═GeArMes (4) from 1 and Ge(ArMes)Cl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surendar Karwasara
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Leonard R Maurer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Peerless
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ujjal Das
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander C Filippou
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Balto KP, Gembicky M, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Crystalline Hydrogen-Bonding Networks and Mixed-Metal Framework Materials Enabled by an Electronically Differentiated Heteroditopic Isocyanide/Carboxylate Linker Group. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12545-12554. [PMID: 34347461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mixed-metal solid-state framework materials are emerging candidates for advanced applications in catalysis and chemical separations. Traditionally, the syntheses of mixed-metal framework systems rely on postsynthetic ion exchange, metalloligands, or metal-deposition techniques for the incorporation of a second metal within a framework material. However, these methods are often incompatible with the incorporation of low-valent metal centers, which preferentially bind to electronically "soft" ligands according to the tenets of hard/soft acid/base theory. Here we present the electronically differentiated isocyanide/carboxylate heteroditopic linker ligand 1,4-CNArMes2C6H4CO2H (TIBMes2H; TIB = terphenyl isocyanide benzoate; ArMes2 = 2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)2C6H2), which is capable of selective binding of low-valent metals via the isocyano group and complexation of hard Lewis acidic metals through the carboxylate unit. This heteroditopic ligand also possesses an encumbering m-terphenyl backbone at the isocyanide function to foster coordinative unsaturation. The treatment of TIBMes2H with [Cu(NCMe)4]PF6 in a 3:1 ratio results in preferential binding of the isocyanide group to the Cu(I) center as assayed by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopies. IR spectroscopy also provides strong evidence for the formation of a copper(I) tris(isocyanide) complex, wherein the carboxylic acid group remains unperturbed. The addition of TIBMes2 to [Cu(NCMe)4]PF6 in a 4:1 ratio results in crystallization of the hydrogen-bonding network, [Cu(TIBMes2H)4]PF6, in which the formation of R22(8) hydrogen bonds results in a 7-fold interpenetrated diamondoid lattice structure. The preassembly of a copper(I) tris(isocyanide) complex using TIBMes2H, followed by deprotonation and the introduction of ZnCl2, generates a novel and unusual zwitterionic solid-state phase (denoted as Cu/Zn-ISOCN-5; ISOCN = isocyanide coordination network) consisting of a coordinatively unsaturated [Cu(CNR)3]+ cationic secondary building unit (SBU) and an anionic, paddlewheel-type Zn(II)-based SBU of the formulation [Cl2Zn2(O2CR)3]-. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry analysis provided firm evidence for a 2:1 Zn-to-Cu ratio in the network, thereby indicating that the isocyanide and carboxylate groups selectively bind soft and hard Lewis acidic metal centers, respectively. The extended structure of Cu/Zn-ISOCN-5 is a densely packed, noninterpenetrated AB-stacked layer network with modest surface area. However, it is thermally robust, and its formation and compositional integrity validate the use of an electronically differentiated linker for the formation of mixed-metal frameworks incorporating low-valent metal centers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krista P Balto
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Crossman AS, Shi JX, Krajewski SM, Maurer LA, Marshak MP. Synthesis, reactivity, and crystallography of a sterically hindered acyl triflate. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
13
|
Ruch AA, Ellison MC, Nguyen JK, Kong F, Handa S, Nesterov VN, Slaughter LM. Highly Sterically Encumbered Gold Acyclic Diaminocarbene Complexes: Overriding Electronic Control in Regiodivergent Gold Catalysis. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron A. Ruch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Matthew C. Ellison
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - John K. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Fanji Kong
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - Sachin Handa
- Department of Chemistry, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078,United States
| | - Vladimir N. Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| | - LeGrande M. Slaughter
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203,United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Carpenter AE, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. A Well-Defined Isocyano Analogue of HCo(CO) 4. 3: Hydride Migration to Olefins, H-Atom Transfer and Reactivity toward Protic Sources. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Schraff S, Trampert J, Orthaber A, Pammer F. Electronic Properties and Solid-State Packing of Isocyanofulvenes and Their Gold(I) Chloride Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17171-17183. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schraff
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jens Trampert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry−Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Frank Pammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Arroyave A, Gembicky M, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Aqueous Stability and Ligand Substitution of a Layered Cu(I)/Isocyanide-Based Organometallic Network Material with a Well-Defined Channel Structure. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11868-11878. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Arroyave
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Salsi F, Neville M, Drance M, Hagenbach A, Chan C, Figueroa JS, Abram U. A closed-shell monomeric rhenium(1-) anion provided by m-terphenyl isocyanide ligation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7009-7012. [PMID: 32441735 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03043k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mixed isocyanide/carbonyl complexes cis- and trans-[Re(CO)3Br(CNArDipp2)2] (ArDipp2 = 2,6-(2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3)2C6H3) can be synthesized from reactions of [Re(CO)5Br] and CNArDipp2 depending on the conditions applied. Reduction of the neutral Re(i) species gives the monoanionic complex [Re(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2]- or the neutral [Re(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2], which contain rhenium in the formal oxidation states "-1" and "0", respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Salsi
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Claude G, Salsi F, Hagenbach A, Gembicky M, Neville M, Chan C, Figueroa JS, Abram U. Structural and Redox Variations in Technetium Complexes Supported by m-Terphenyl Isocyanides. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Claude
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstraße 34/36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Federico Salsi
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstraße 34/36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstraße 34/36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Michael Neville
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Chinglin Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fabeckstraße 34/36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Figueroa JS, Abram U. Oxidorhenium(V) and Rhenium(III) Complexes with
m
‐Terphenyl Isocyanides. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358 92093 La Jolla CA USA
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freie Universität Berlin Fabeckstr. 34/36 14195 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Knorn M, Lutsker E, Reiser O. Isonitriles as supporting and non-innocent ligands in metal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:7730-7752. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00223b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Isonitriles are unique ligands for metal catalysis, owing to the possibility of their steric and electronic tuning as well as their non-innocent nature to undergo transformations with nucleophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eugen Lutsker
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- 93053 Regensburg
- Germany
| | - Oliver Reiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie
- 93053 Regensburg
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Crossman AS, Larson AT, Shi JX, Krajewski SM, Akturk ES, Marshak MP. Synthesis of Sterically Hindered β-Diketones via Condensation of Acid Chlorides with Enolates. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7434-7442. [PMID: 31070919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bulky β-diketones have rarely exceeded dipivaloylmethane (DPM) in steric demand, largely due to synthetic limitations of the Claisen condensation. This work demonstrates hindered acid chlorides to be selective electrophiles in noncoordinating solvents for condensations with enolates. An improved synthesis of DPM is described (90% yield), and crowded β-diketones featuring bulky o-biphenyl or m-terphenyl fragments were prepared in good to excellent yields. These compounds are anticipated to have a steric profile far greater than that of DPM. General reaction conditions and mechanistic considerations are included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron S Crossman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , Colorado 80303 , United States
| | - Alec T Larson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , Colorado 80303 , United States
| | - Jake X Shi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , Colorado 80303 , United States
| | - Sebastian M Krajewski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , Colorado 80303 , United States
| | - Eser S Akturk
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , Colorado 80303 , United States
| | - Michael P Marshak
- Department of Chemistry , University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder , Colorado 80303 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chan C, Carpenter AE, Gembicky M, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Associative Ligand Exchange and Substrate Activation Reactions by a Zero-Valent Cobalt Tetraisocyanide Complex. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinglin Chan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Alex E. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Barnett BR, Figueroa JS. Zero-valent isocyanides of nickel, palladium and platinum as transition metal σ-type Lewis bases. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 52:13829-13839. [PMID: 27826607 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07863j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal complexes that contain metal-to-ligand retrodative σ-bonds have become the subject of increasing studies over the last decade. Lewis acidic "Z-type ligands" can modulate the electronic structure of their resultant complexes in a manner distinct from 2e- donor ligands, and can also engage in cooperative reactivity with a Lewis basic transition metal. In this Feature article, we summarize our work with transition metal isocyanide complexes of group 10 metals that have exploited metal-based σ-type Lewis basicity. While the complexes Ni(CNArMes2)3, Pd(CNArDipp2)2 and Pt(CNArDipp2)2 were initially targeted as analogues to unstable, low-coordinate metal carbonyls, it soon became apparent that these zero-valent metal centers bore appreciable Lewis basic qualities due largely to the enhanced σ-donor/π-acid ratio of isocyanides compared to CO. Detailed spectroscopic and structural studies of metal-only Lewis pairs (MOLPs) formed from these complexes have furthered our understanding of the electronic structure perturbations effected by Z-type ligand binding. In addition, the platinum (boryl)iminomethane (BIM) complex Pt(κ2-N,B-Cy2BIM)(CNArDipp2) has illuminated a general ligand design strategy that can engender significant reverse-dative interactions with buttressed Lewis acids, and also has expanded the known scope of cooperative reactivity that can be realized at a transition metal-borane linkage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Akturk ES, Scappaticci SJ, Seals RN, Marshak MP. Bulky β-Diketones Enabling New Lewis Acidic Ligand Platforms. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:11466-11469. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eser S. Akturk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Steven J. Scappaticci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Rachel N. Seals
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Michael P. Marshak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Mokhtarzadeh CC, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Terminal Iron Carbyne Complexes Derived from Arrested CO
2
Reductive Disproportionation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Mokhtarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mokhtarzadeh CC, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Terminal Iron Carbyne Complexes Derived from Arrested CO
2
Reductive Disproportionation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10894-10899. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Mokhtarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0358 La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Mokhtarzadeh CC, Carpenter AE, Spence DP, Melaimi M, Agnew DW, Weidemann N, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Geometric and Electronic Structure Analysis of the Three-Membered Electron-Transfer Series [(μ-CNR)2[CpCo]2]n (n = 0, 1–, 2−) and Its Relevance to the Classical Bridging-Carbonyl System. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C. Mokhtarzadeh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Alex E. Carpenter
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Daniel P. Spence
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Mohand Melaimi
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
- UCSD-CNRS
Joint Research Laboratory (UMI 3555), Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Douglas W. Agnew
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Nils Weidemann
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hasegawa T, Kobayashi A, Ohara H, Yoshida M, Kato M. Emission Tuning of Luminescent Copper(I) Complexes by Vapor-Induced Ligand Exchange Reactions. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:4928-4936. [PMID: 28394567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b03122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ohara
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masako Kato
- Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Barnett BR, Labios LA, Stauber JM, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Synthetic and Mechanistic Interrogation of Pd/Isocyanide-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling: π-Acidic Ligands Enable Self-Aggregating Monoligated Pd(0) Intermediates. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R. Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Liezel A. Labios
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Julia M. Stauber
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Büldt LA, Guo X, Vogel R, Prescimone A, Wenger OS. A Tris(diisocyanide)chromium(0) Complex Is a Luminescent Analog of Fe(2,2'-Bipyridine) 32. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:985-992. [PMID: 28054486 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A meta-terphenyl unit was substituted with an isocyanide group on each of its two terminal aryls to afford a bidentate chelating ligand (CNtBuAr3NC) that is able to stabilize chromium in its zerovalent oxidation state. The homoleptic Cr(CNtBuAr3NC)3 complex luminesces in solution at room temperature, and its excited-state lifetime (2.2 ns in deaerated THF at 20 °C) is nearly 2 orders of magnitude longer than the current record lifetime for isoelectronic Fe(II) complexes, which are of significant interest as earth-abundant sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells. Due to its chelating ligands, Cr(CNtBuAr3NC)3 is more robust than Cr(0) complexes with carbonyl or monodentate isocyanides, manifesting in comparatively slow photodegradation. In the presence of excess anthracene in solution, efficient energy transfer and subsequent triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion is observed. With an excited-state oxidation potential of -2.43 V vs Fc+/Fc, the Cr(0) complex is a very strong photoreductant. The findings presented herein are relevant for replacement of precious metals in dye-sensitized solar cells and in luminescent devices by earth-abundant elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Büldt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 and Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xingwei Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 and Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Vogel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 and Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Prescimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 and Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel , St. Johanns-Ring 19 and Spitalstrasse 51, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Agnew DW, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Comparison of nucleophilic- and radical-based routes to the formation of manganese-main group element single bonds. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6700-6707. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01102d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
One-electron activation of main-group substrates by a stable manganese metalloradical provides a facile pathway to Mn-element single bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W. Agnew
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| | | | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- La Jolla
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Agnew DW, Sampson MD, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Kubiak CP, Figueroa JS. Electrochemical Properties and CO 2-Reduction Ability of m-Terphenyl Isocyanide Supported Manganese Tricarbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12400-12408. [PMID: 27934438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To circumvent complications with redox-active ligands commonly encountered in the study of manganese electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction, we have studied the electrochemistry of the manganese mixed carbonyl/isocyanide complexes XMn(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2 (X = counteranion), to evaluate the pairing effects of the counteranion and their influence over the potential necessary for metal-based reduction. The complexes described herein have been shown to act as functional analogues to the known homoleptic carbonyl manganese complexes [Mn(CO)5]n (n = 1-, 0, 1+). The m-terphenyl isocyanide ligand CNArDipp2 improves the kinetic stability of the resulting mixed carbonyl/isocyanide systems, such that conversion among all three oxidation states is easily effected by chemical reagents. Here, we have utilized an electrochemical study to fully understand the redox chemistry of this system and its ability to facilitate CO2 reduction and to provide comparison to known manganese-based CO2 electrocatalysts. Two complexes, BrMn(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2 and [Mn(THF)(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2]OTf, have been studied using infrared spectroelectrochemistry (IR-SEC) to spectroscopically characterize the redox states of these complexes during the course of electrochemical reactions. A striking difference in the necessary potential leading to the first one-electron reduction has been found for the halide and triflate species, respectively. Complete selectivity for the formation of CO and CO32- is observed in the reactivity of [Mn(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2]- with CO2, which is deduced via the trapping and incorporation of liberated CO into the zerovalent species Mn(CO)3(CNArDipp2)2 to form the dimers Mn2(CO)7(CNArDipp2)3 and Mn2(CO)8(CNArDipp2)2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W Agnew
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Matthew D Sampson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Clifford P Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Agnew DW, Gembicky M, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Robust, Transformable, and Crystalline Single-Node Organometallic Networks Constructed from Ditopic m-Terphenyl Isocyanides. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15138-15141. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas W. Agnew
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Carpenter AE, Chan C, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. A Well-Defined Isocyano Analogue of HCo(CO)4. 2: Relative Brønsted Acidity as a Function of Isocyanide Ligation. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Chinglin Chan
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
McNeece AJ, Mokhtarzadeh CC, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Nickel bis- m-terphenylisocyanide dihalide complexes formed from 1,2-alkyl dihalides: probing for isolable β-haloalkyl complexes of square planar nickel. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1172702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. McNeece
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Mokhtarzadeh CC, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Dinitrogen binding, P4-activation and aza-Büchner ring expansions mediated by an isocyano analogue of the CpCo(CO) fragment. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:14561-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02789j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic studies targeting an m-terphenyl isocyanide analogue of the unstable 16e−, S = 1 complex CpCo(CO) are reported (Cp = η5-C5H5).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- San Diego
- La Jolla
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Barnett BR, Moore CE, Chandrasekaran P, Sproules S, Rheingold AL, DeBeer S, Figueroa JS. Metal-only Lewis pairs between group 10 metals and Tl(i) or Ag(i): insights into the electronic consequences of Z-type ligand binding. Chem Sci 2015; 6:7169-7178. [PMID: 29861954 PMCID: PMC5951196 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03104d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexes bearing electron rich transition metal centers, especially those displaying coordinative unsaturation, are well-suited to form reverse-dative σ-interactions with Lewis acids. Herein we demonstrate the generality of zerovalent, group 10 m-terphenyl isocyanide complexes to form reverse-dative σ-interactions to Tl(i) and Ag(i) centers. Structural and spectroscopic investigations of these metal-only Lewis pairs (MOLPs) has allowed insight into the electronic consequences of Lewis-acid ligation within the primary coordination sphere of a transition metal center. Treatment of the bis-isocyanide complex, Pt(CNArDipp2)2 (ArDipp2 = 2,6-(2,6-(i-Pr)2C6H3)2C6H3) with TlOTf (OTf = [O3SCF3]-) yields the Pt/Tl MOLP [TlPt(CNArDipp2)2]OTf (1). 1H NMR and IR spectroscopic studies on 1, and its Pd congener [TlPd(CNArDipp2)2]OTf (2), demonstrate that the M → Tl interaction is labile in solution. However, treatment of complexes 1 and 2 with Na[BArF4] (ArF = 3,5-(CF3)2C6H3) produces [TlPt(CNArDipp2)2]BArF4 (3) and [TlPd(CNArDipp2)2]BArF4 (4), in which Tl(i) binding is shown to be static by IR spectroscopy and, in the case of 3, 195Pt NMR spectroscopy as well. This result provides strong evidence that the M → Tl linkages can be attributed primarily to σ-donation from the group 10 metal to Tl, as loss of ionic stabilization of Tl by the triflate anion is compensated for by increasing the degree of M → Tl σ-donation. In addition, X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) on the Pd/Tl and Ni/Tl MOLPs, [TlPd(CNArDipp2)2]OTf (2) and [TlNi(CNArMes2)3]OTf, respectively, is used to illustrate that the formation of a reverse-dative σ-interaction with Tl(i) does not alter the spectroscopic oxidation state of the group 10 metal. Also reported is the ability of M(CNArDipp2)2 (M = Pt, Pd) to form MOLPs with Ag(i), yielding the complexes [AgM(CNArDipp2)2]OTf (5, M = Pt; 6, M = Pd). As was determined for the Tl-containing MOLPs 1-4, it is shown that the spectroscopic oxidation states of the group 10 metal in 5 and 6 are essentially unchanged compared to the zerovalent precursors M(CNArDipp2)2. However, in the case of 5 and 6, the formation of a dative M → Ag σ-bonding interaction facilitates the binding of Lewis bases to the group 10 metal trans to Ag, illustrating the potential of acceptor fragments to open up new coordination sites on transition metal complexes without formal, two-electron oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358 , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358 , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| | | | - Stephen Sproules
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow G12 8QQ , UK
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358 , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstrasse 34-36 , D-45470 , Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Cornell University , Ithaca , New York 14853 , USA
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358 , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Melekhova AA, Novikov AS, Luzyanin KV, Bokach NA, Starova GL, Gurzhiy VV, Kukushkin VY. Tris-isocyanide copper(I) complexes: Synthetic, structural, and theoretical study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
39
|
Barnett BR, Labios LA, Moore CE, England J, Rheingold AL, Wieghardt K, Figueroa JS. Solution Dynamics of Redox Noninnocent Nitrosoarene Ligands: Mapping the Electronic Criteria for the Formation of Persistent Metal-Coordinated Nitroxide Radicals. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:7110-21. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon R. Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Liezel A. Labios
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Jason England
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse
34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Karl Wieghardt
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse
34−36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mokhtarzadeh CC, Margulieux GW, Carpenter AE, Weidemann N, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Synthesis and protonation of an encumbered iron tetraisocyanide dianion. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:5579-87. [PMID: 25965161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reported here are synthetic studies probing highly reduced iron centers in an encumbering tetraisocyano ligand environment. Treatment of FeCl2 with sodium amalgam in the presence of 2 equiv of the m-terphenyl isocyanide CNAr(Mes2) (Ar(Mes2) = 2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)2C6H3) produces the disodium tetraisocyanoferrate Na2[Fe(CNAr(Mes2))4]. Structural characterization of Na2[Fe(CNAr(Mes2))4] revealed a tight ion pair, with the Fe center adopting a tetrahedral coordination geometry consistent with a d(10) metal center. Attempts to disrupt the cation-anion contacts in Na2[Fe(CNAr(Mes2))4] with cation-sequestration reagents lead to decomposition, except for the case of 18-crown-6, where a mononuclear complex featuring a dianionic 1-azabenz[b]azulene ligand was isolated in low yield. Formation of this 1-azabenz[b]azulene is rationalized to proceed by an aza-Büchner ring expansion of a CNAr(Mes2) ligand mediated by a coordinatively unsaturated Fe center. Disodium tetraisocyanoferrate Na2[Fe(CNAr(Mes2))4] is readily protonated by trimethylsilanol (HOSiMe3) to produce the monohydride ferrate salt, Na[HFe(CNAr(Mes2))4], the anionic portion of which serves as an isocyano analogue of the hydrido-tetracarbonyl metalate [HFe(CO)4](-). Treatment of Na[HFe(CNAr(Mes2))4] with methyl triflate (MeOTf; OTf = [O3SCF3](-)) at low temperature in the presence of dinitrogen yields the five-coordinate Fe(0) complex Fe(N2)(CNAr(Mes2))4. The formation of Fe(N2)(CNAr(Mes2))4 in this reaction is consistent with the intermediacy of the neutral tetraisocyanide Fe(CNAr(Mes2))4. The decomposition of Fe(N2)(CNAr(Mes2))4 to the dimeric complex [Fe(η(6)-(Mes)-μ(2)-C-CNAr(Mes))]2 and a seven-membered cyclic imine derived from a CNAr(Mes2) ligand is presented and provides insight into the ability of CNAr(Mes2) and related m-terphenyl isocyanides to stabilize zerovalent four-coordinate iron complexes in a strongly π-acidic ligand field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Mokhtarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Grant W Margulieux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Alex E Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Nils Weidemann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive Mail Code 0358, La Jolla California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Knorr M, Bonnot A, Lapprand A, Khatyr A, Strohmann C, Kubicki MM, Rousselin Y, Harvey PD. Reactivity of CuI and CuBr toward Dialkyl Sulfides RSR: From Discrete Molecular Cu4I4S4 and Cu8I8S6 Clusters to Luminescent Copper(I) Coordination Polymers. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4076-93. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Knorr
- Institut UTINAM,
UMR CNRS 6213, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Antoine Bonnot
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Antony Lapprand
- Institut UTINAM,
UMR CNRS 6213, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Abderrahim Khatyr
- Institut UTINAM,
UMR CNRS 6213, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marek M. Kubicki
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue
A. Savary, 21087 Dijon, France
| | - Yoann Rousselin
- Institut de Chimie
Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne, 9 Avenue
A. Savary, 21087 Dijon, France
| | - Pierre D. Harvey
- Département de Chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard Université, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Carpenter AE, Mokhtarzadeh CC, Ripatti DS, Havrylyuk I, Kamezawa R, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Comparative measure of the electronic influence of highly substituted aryl isocyanides. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:2936-44. [PMID: 25700244 DOI: 10.1021/ic5030845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To assess the relative electronic influence of highly substituted aryl isocyanides on transition metal centers, a series of C4v-symmetric Cr(CNR)(CO)5 complexes featuring various alkyl, aryl, and m-terphenyl substituents have been prepared. A correlation between carbonyl-ligand (13)C{(1)H} NMR chemical shift (δCO) and calculated Cotton-Kraihanzel (C-K) force constant (kCO) is presented for these complexes to determine the relative changes in isocyanide σ-donor/π-acid ratio as a function of substituent identity and pattern. For nonfluorinated aryl isocyanides possessing alkyl or aryl substitution, minimal variation in effective σ-donor/π-acid ratio is observed over the series. In addition, aryl isocyanides featuring strongly electron-releasing substituents display an electronic influence that nearly matches that of nonfluorinated alkyl isocyanides. Lower σ-donor/π-acid ratios are displayed by polyfluorinated aryl isocyanide ligands. However, the degree of this attenuation relative to nonfluorinated aryl isocyanides is not substantial and significantly higher σ-donor/π-acid ratios than CO are observed in all cases. Substituent patterns for polyfluorinated aryl isocyanides are identified that give rise to low relative σ-donor/π-acid ratios but offer synthetic convenience for coordination chemistry applications. In order to expand the range of available substitution patterns for comparison, the syntheses of the new m-terphenyl isocyanides CNAr(Tripp2), CNp-MeAr(Mes2), CNp-MeAr(DArF2), and CNp-FAr(DArF2) are also reported (Ar(Tripp2) = 2,6-(2,4,6-(i-Pr)3C6H2)2C6H3); p-MeAr(Mes2) = 2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)2-4-Me-C6H2); p-MeAr(DArF2) = 2,6-(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)2-4-Me-C6H2); p-FAr(DArF2) = 2,6-(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)2-4-F-C6H2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , 9500 Gilman Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California, 92093-0358, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Carpenter AE, McNeece AJ, Barnett BR, Estrada AL, Mokhtarzadeh CC, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Perrin CL, Figueroa JS. Direct Observation of β-Chloride Elimination from an Isolable β-Chloroalkyl Complex of Square-Planar Nickel. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:15481-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja508956q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex E. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Andrew J. McNeece
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Brandon R. Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Alexander L. Estrada
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Charles C. Mokhtarzadeh
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Charles L. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Olaru M, Beckmann J, Raţ CI. Polyfluorinated Functionalized m-Terphenyls. New Substituents and Ligands in Organometallic Synthesis. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500244y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian Olaru
- Centre
of Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry, Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Street, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Street, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ciprian I. Raţ
- Centre
of Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry, Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Werlé C, Bailly C, Karmazin-Brelot L, Le Goff XF, Ricard L, Djukic JP. Hemichelation, a Way To Stabilize Electron-Unsaturated Complexes: The Case of T-Shaped Pd and Pt Metallacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:17839-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4076327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Werlé
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Lydia Karmazin-Brelot
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Xavier-Frédéric Le Goff
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Louis Ricard
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Djukic
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Département de Chimie, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ditri TB, Carpenter AE, Ripatti DS, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Chloro- and Trifluoromethyl-Substituted Flanking-Ring m-Terphenyl Isocyanides: η6-Arene Binding to Zero-Valent Molybdenum Centers and Comparison to Alkyl-Substituted Derivatives. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13216-29. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402130p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Treffly B. Ditri
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Alex E. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Donald S. Ripatti
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Curtis E. Moore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Arnold. L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Joshua S. Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman
Drive, Mail Code 0358, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Carpenter AE, Wen I, Moore CE, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. [1,1-Co2(CO)6(CNAr Mes 2)2]: A Structural Mimic of the ElusiveD2dIsomer of [Co2(CO)8]. Chemistry 2013; 19:10452-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
48
|
Liu QX, Yao ZQ, Zhao XJ, Zhao ZX, Wang XG. NHC Metal (Silver, Mercury, and Nickel) Complexes Based on Quinoxaline–Dibenzimidazolium Salts: Synthesis, Structural Studies, and Fluorescent Chemosensors for Cu2+ by Charge Transfer. Organometallics 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/om400277z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Xiang Liu
- Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Quan Yao
- Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhao
- Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhao
- Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Guang Wang
- Tianjin Key
Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules,
Key Laboratory of Inorganic-Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education, College
of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Carpenter AE, Margulieux GW, Millard MD, Moore CE, Weidemann N, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Zwitterionic Stabilization of a Reactive Cobalt Tris-Isocyanide Monoanion by Cation Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
50
|
Carpenter AE, Margulieux GW, Millard MD, Moore CE, Weidemann N, Rheingold AL, Figueroa JS. Zwitterionic Stabilization of a Reactive Cobalt Tris-Isocyanide Monoanion by Cation Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9412-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|