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Yang Q, Zhang J, Yin H, Guo J, Lv S, Li Y. MXene/Cellulose Hydrogel Composites: Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Pb 2. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:189. [PMID: 38256988 PMCID: PMC10818775 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, acrylic cellulose hydrogel, a typical natural polymer adsorbent, was modified using MXene through in situ polymerization to create a synthetic inorganic-polymer composite known as MXene/cellulose hydrogel. FTIR, XRD, SEM, and thermogravimetric analyses were applied to characterize the chemical structure and micromorphology. The MXene/cellulose hydrogel was utilized for the removal of Pb2+ from wastewater. Under optimal experimental conditions (initial Pb2+ concentration of 0.04 mol/L, adsorption time of 150 min, pH = 5.5, and MXene doping content of 50% at 30 °C), a maximum adsorption capacity of 410.57 mg/g was achieved. The MXene/cellulose hydrogel corresponded with the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation model and exhibited a better fit with the Freundlich isotherm model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Tailings Resources, College of Chemical Engineering and Modern Materials, Shangluo University, Shangluo 726000, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan 714099, China;
| | - Hairong Yin
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Junkang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Shenghua Lv
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China;
| | - Yaofeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Weinan Normal University, Weinan 714099, China;
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2
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Yuan M, Liu D, Shang S, Song Z, You Q, Huang L, Cui S. A novel magnetic Fe 3O 4/cellulose nanofiber/polyethyleneimine/thiol-modified montmorillonite aerogel for efficient removal of heavy metal ions: Adsorption behavior and mechanism study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126634. [PMID: 37678684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
To efficiently remove heavy metals from wastewater, designing an adsorbent with high adsorption capacity and ease of recovery is necessary. This paper presents a novel magnetic hybridized aerogel, Fe3O4/cellulose nanofiber/polyethyleneimine/thiol-modified montmorillonite (Fe3O4/CNF/PEI/SHMMT), and explores its adsorption performance and mechanism for Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ in aqueous solutions. The hybrid aerogel has a slit-like porous structure and numerous exposed active sites, which facilitates the uptake of metal ions by adsorption. Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ adsorption by the hybridized aerogel followed the second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ at 25 °C, pH = 6, 800 mg/L was 429.18, 381.68 and 299.40 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption process was primarily attributed to monolayer chemical adsorption, a spontaneous heat-absorption reaction. FTIR, XPS and DFT studies confirmed that the adsorption mechanisms of Fe3O4/CNF/PEI/SHMMT on Pb2+, Cu2+, and Cd2+ were mainly chelation, coordination, and ion exchange. The lowest adsorption energy of Pb2+ on the hybrid aerogel was calculated to be -2.37 Ha by DFT, which indicates that the sample has higher adsorption affinity and preferential selectivity for Pb2+. After 5 cycles, the adsorption efficiency of the aerogel was still >85 %. The incorporation of Fe3O4 improved the mechanical properties of the aerogel. The Fe3O4/CNF/PEI/SHMMT has fast magnetic responsiveness, and it is easy to be separated and recovered after adsorption, which is a promising potential for the treatment of heavy metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China
| | - Dongsheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China
| | - Sisi Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China
| | - Zihao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China
| | - Qi You
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China
| | - Longjin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing Tech University, 211800 Nanjing, China.
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Study of Barium Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions Using Copper Ferrite and Copper Ferrite/rGO Magnetic Adsorbents. ADSORPT SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3954536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced materials for the removal of heavy metal ions is a never-ending quest of environmental remediation. In this study, a facile and cost-effective approach was employed to synthesize copper ferrite (CF) and copper ferrite/reduced graphene oxide (CG) by microwave assisted combustion method for potential removal of barium ions from aqueous medium. The physiochemical characterizations indicated the formation of magnetic nanocomposite with an average crystallite size of CF and CG is 32.4 and 30.3 nm and with specific surface area of 0.66 and 5.74 m2/g. The magnetic results possess multidomain microstructures with saturation magnetization of 37.11 and 33.84 emu/g for CF and CG. The adsorption studies prove that upon addition of rGO on the spherical spinel ferrite, the adsorption performance was greatly improved for CG nanocomposite when compared with the bare CF nanoparticles. The proposed magnetic adsorbent demonstrated a relatively high Ba2+ adsorption capacity of 161.6 mg·g-1 for CG nanocomposite when compared to 86.6 mg·g-1 for CF nanoparticles under optimum conditions (
). The pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-second-order (PSO), and Elovich models were fitted to the kinetic data, the yielded
value of 0.9993 (PSO) for CF and 0.9994 (PSO) for CG which is greater than the other two models, which signify that the adsorption process is chemisorption. Thermodynamic studies show that barium adsorption using CF and CG adsorbents is endothermic. The as-fabricated CuFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite represents a propitious candidate for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions.
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Adhikari A, Mukherjee S, Chakraborty AK, Biswas S, Basu A, Chakraborty M, Chattopadhyay S, Das D, Chattopadhyay D. Lac-extract doped Polyaniline Nano-Ribbons as Fluorescence Sensor and Molecular Switch for Detection of Aqueous AsO43- and Fe3+ contaminants. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Liang Y, Tang X, Zhu Q, Han J, Wang C. A review: Application of tourmaline in environmental fields. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130780. [PMID: 33992850 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals and organic pollutants could pose long-term threats to the ecosystem and human health, so it is urgent for us to find a friendly and efficient material to remove pollutants in environment. Since tourmaline is widely distributed in natural environment and has many excellent physical and chemical properties including radiating far infrared energy, permanently releasing negative ions, producing an electrostatic field, releasing rare microelements, and stimulating the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and plants, tourmaline had been conducted to alleviate environmental pollution. This review summarizes the application of tourmaline in aqueous solutions and soil polluted by heavy metals and organic pollutants, the factors that affect the removal of pollutants by tourmaline and the removal mechanisms. In addition, to ensure the safe use of tourmaline, this review also elaborates the environment risks of tourmaline through its toxicity indexes to soil and plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Liang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Xuejiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jianhua Han
- Tianjin Agriculture Ecological Environment Monitoring and Agricultural Product Quality Testing Centre, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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6
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Insights into the nonradical degradation mechanisms of antibiotics in persulfate activation by tourmaline. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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7
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Guan R, Yan W, Yuan J, Feng X, Zhao Y. Water purification performance enhancement of PVC ultrafiltration membrane modified with tourmaline particles. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2020-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, a novel PVC/tourmaline ultrafiltration membrane was fabricated by phase inversion method in order to improve anti-fouling performance and water quality. FESEM was used to examine the changes in the morphology of pure PVC and PVC/tourmaline hybrid membranes. The introduction of tourmaline resulted in the increase of porosity and mean pore size. EDX images indicated that tourmaline particles were homogeneously dispersed in the membranes when the amount were less than 1.0 wt%. The hybrid membranes exhibited lower contact angle (78.7°) and higher water flux (121.3 L/m2 h) than the pure PVC membrane. The anti-fouling performance of the membranes were studied by filtration of BSA solution. The results demonstrated that the hybrid membrane with 1.0 wt% tourmaline particles exhibited the best anti-fouling performance and the highest BSA rejection. In addition, the pH and conductivity of the filtered water were measured by pH meter and electrical conductivity meter. And the results showed that the quality of the filtered water was improved after treating through the hybrid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runze Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Binshui West Road 399 , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Weixing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Binshui West Road 399 , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Jingjing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Binshui West Road 399 , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Xia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Binshui West Road 399 , Tianjin 300387 , China
| | - Yiping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Process, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University , Binshui West Road 399 , Tianjin 300387 , China
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8
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Niu B, Wang N, Chen Y, Yu M, Hou Z, Li Z, Zheng Y. Tourmaline synergized with persulfate for degradation of sulfadiazine: Influencing parameters and reaction mechanism. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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9
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Adsorption of Pb(II) by tourmaline-montmorillonite composite in aqueous phase. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 575:367-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Anfar Z, Amedlous A, Majdoub M, El Fakir AA, Zbair M, Ait Ahsaine H, Jada A, El Alem N. New amino group functionalized porous carbon for strong chelation ability towards toxic heavy metals. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31087-31100. [PMID: 35520655 PMCID: PMC9056399 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05220e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, ethylenediamine functionalized porous carbon (PC-ED/1.5) was synthesized, then characterized by various methods and finally used as a functional material for Cu(ii) and Pb(ii) ion removal from water. XPS revealed the presence of numerous functionalities within the surface of PC including -NH and C-N-C groups. Furthermore, S BET, RS, XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed the changes implemented on the PC surface. Thereafter, a systematic study was implemented to analyze the interactions of the PC-ED/1.5 surface with Cu(ii) and Pb(ii) heavy metal ions. Hence, adsorption experiments showed that the PC-ED/1.5 exhibits maximum adsorption capacities of 123.45 mg g-1 and 140.84 mg g-1 for Cu(ii) and Pb(ii), respectively. Moreover, in situ electrostatic interactions occurring between the divalent cation and the PC-ED/1.5 functional groups was investigated. The mechanism involves chelation processes, electrostatic interactions and mechanical trapping of the metal ions in the adsorbent pores. Interestingly, a synergistic effect of the pores and surface active sites was observed. Finally, by using alginate bio-polymer we prepared membrane films of PC-ED/1.5 which showed long-term stability, regeneration capabilities and high mass recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Anfar
- Laboratory of Materials & Environment (LME), Ibn Zohr University Agadir 80000 Morocco
- Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS), Haute Alsace University (UHA) Mulhouse 68100 France
- Strasbourg University Strasbourg 67081 France
| | - Abdallah Amedlous
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, Hassan II University Casablanca 20650 Morocco
| | - Mohammed Majdoub
- Laboratory of Materials, Catalysis & Valorization of Natural Resources, Hassan II University Casablanca 20650 Morocco
| | - Abdellah Ait El Fakir
- Laboratory of Materials & Environment (LME), Ibn Zohr University Agadir 80000 Morocco
- Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS), Haute Alsace University (UHA) Mulhouse 68100 France
| | - Mohamed Zbair
- Laboratory of Catalysis & Materials Corrosion. Chouaib Doukkali University El Jadida 24000 Morocco
| | - Hassan Ait Ahsaine
- Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (CBS), Mohamed VI Polytechnic University Lot 660-Hay Moulay Rachid Benguerir Morocco
- Laboratoire de Chimie Appliquée des Matériaux, Centre des Sciences des Matériaux, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco
| | - Amane Jada
- Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse (IS2M-CNRS), Haute Alsace University (UHA) Mulhouse 68100 France
- Strasbourg University Strasbourg 67081 France
| | - Noureddine El Alem
- Laboratory of Materials & Environment (LME), Ibn Zohr University Agadir 80000 Morocco
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11
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Fu B, Xie F. Facile in situ synthesis of cellulose microcrystalline-manganese dioxide nanocomposite for effective removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5108-5121. [PMID: 31845282 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel cellulose microcrystalline-manganese dioxide nanocomposite (CMC-NMO) was synthesized by the redox reaction between potassium permanganate and ethanol based on cellulose microcrystalline. The cellulose microcrystalline (CMC) as support providing growth sites for the manganese dioxide nanowhiskers produced by the redox reaction and its application for Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal from aqueous was investigated. The characterization of as-synthesized material was revealed by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Infrared-transform infrared (FITR) indicates that the incorporation of manganese oxide to CMC does not change the initial structure of it. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data show that the manganese dioxide nanowhiskers with a few nanometers are uniformly dispersed on the surface of cellulose. Kinetics experiments reveal that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption on CMC-NMO is a fast process and pseudo-second-order model fits the adsorption better. The maximum adsorption capacities of Pb(II) and Cd(II) obtained from the Langmuir model are 290.8 mg/g and 67.4 mg/g, respectively. The mechanism is mainly attributed to surface complexation and electrostatic attraction by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. In addition, depth removal experiments show that the residual concentrations of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in natural water after adsorption are lower than 0.01 mg/L. The regeneration and cyclic utilizing studies indicate that CMC-NMO has good adsorption stability. Therefore, the results indicate that this material can be employed as a potential adsorbent for current serious Pb(II) and Cd(II) pollution caused by industrial emissions. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Fencun Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Efficient Removal of Copper Ion from Wastewater Using a Stable Chitosan Gel Material. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234205. [PMID: 31756932 PMCID: PMC6930644 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gel adsorption is an efficient method for the removal of metal ion. In the present study, a functional chitosan gel material (FCG) was synthesized successfully, and its structure was detected by different physicochemical techniques. The as-prepared FCG was stable in acid and alkaline media. The as-prepared material showed excellent adsorption properties for the capture of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution. The maximum adsorption capacity for the FCG was 76.4 mg/g for Cu2+ ion (293 K). The kinetic adsorption data fits the Langmuir isotherm, and experimental isotherm data follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well, suggesting that it is a monolayer and the rate-limiting step is the physical adsorption. The separation factor (RL) for Langmuir and the 1/n value for Freundlich isotherm show that the Cu2+ ion is favorably adsorbed by FCG. The negative values of enthalpy (ΔH°) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicate that the adsorption process are exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis of FCG before and after adsorption further reveal that the mechanism of Cu2+ ion adsorption. Further desorption and reuse experiments show that FCG still retains 96% of the original adsorption following the fifth adsorption–desorption cycle. All these results indicate that FCG is a promising recyclable adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+ ion from aqueous solution.
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13
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Facile Fabrication of a Low-Cost Alginate-Polyacrylamide Composite Aerogel for the Highly Efficient Removal of Lead Ions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9224754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate a one-step method for fabricating a novel sodium alginate-polyacrylamide (Alg–PAM) composite aerogel, which exhibits a very high affinity and selectivity towards Pb2+. The as-prepared Alg–PAM composite aerogel can uptake 99.2% of Pb2+ from Pb2+-containing aqueous solution (0.1 mM) and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb2+ reaches 252.2 mg/g, which is higher than most of the reported Pb2+ adsorbents. Most importantly, the prepared Alg–PAM adsorbent can be regenerated through a simple acid-washing process with only a little loss of the adsorption performance after five adsorption–desorption cycles. In addition, the influence of the experimental conditions, such as the solution pH, contact time, and temperature, on the adsorption performance of the Alg–PAM adsorbent was studied. It is clear that the low-cost raw materials, simple synthesis, regeneration ability, and highly efficient removal performance mean that the designed Alg–PAM aerogel has broad application potential in treating Pb2+-containing wastewater.
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14
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Wang F, Zhu Y, Xu H, Wang A. Preparation of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Based Macroporous Adsorbent by Eco-Friendly Pickering-MIPEs Template for Fast Removal of Pb 2+ and Cd 2. Front Chem 2019; 7:603. [PMID: 31552221 PMCID: PMC6746836 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, Pickering high internal phase emulsions (Pickering HIPEs) have been widely used to fabricate macroporous materials. However, the high usage of poisonous organic solvent in HIPEs not only greatly increases the cost but also is harmful to human health and environment, which leads to limited large-scale applications. In this study, we prepared a novel monolithic macroporous material of carboxymethyl cellulose-g-poly(acrylamide)/montmorillonite (CMC-g-PAM/MMT) by the free radical polymerization via oil-in-water Pickering medium internal phase emulsions (Pickering MIPEs), which used the non-toxic and eco-friendly flaxseed oil as continuous phase, MMT, and Tween-20 (T-20) as stabilizer. The pore structure of the resulting macroporous materials could be tuned easily by adjusting the content of MMT, co-surfactant T-20, and the oil phase volume fraction. The maximal adsorption capacities of the prepared macroporous material for Pb2+ and Cd2+ were 456.05 and 278.11 mg/g, respectively, and the adsorption equilibrium can be reached within 30 min. Otherwise, the macroporous monolith exhibited excellent reusability through five adsorption–desorption cycles. Thus, the eco-friendly Pickering-MIPEs is a potential alternative method to be used to fabricate multi-porous adsorption materials for environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China.,College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clay Mineral Applied Research of Gansu Province, Center of Eco-Material and Green Chemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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15
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Zhao Y, Tian G, Duan X, Liang X, Meng J, Liang J. Environmental Applications of Diatomite Minerals in Removing Heavy Metals from Water. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- (Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyan Tian
- (Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Power Source and Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Duan
- (Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Power Source and Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuhong Liang
- (Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Power Source and Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junping Meng
- (Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Power Source and Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Liang
- (Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials for Ecological Environment and Information, Ministry of Education, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Power Source and Ecomaterials Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Jing N, Zhou AN, Xu QH. The synthesis of super-small nano hydroxyapatite and its high adsorptions to mixed heavy metallic ions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 353:89-98. [PMID: 29635178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A "molecular cage" was possibly built in glucose alkaline solution to limit the chemical reaction in a tiny space to control the size and morphology of HA nanoparticles. A possible reaction mechanism of HA nanoparticles confined space synthesis was proposed in this work. The super-small HA nanoparticles were successfully obtained in the first time in mild and green condition which had a 7 nm diameter. The adsorptions to Pb2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+ ions in their mixture solution by the synthesized HA nanoparticles were studied. The adsorbent showed huge adsorption capacities for the targets (Pb2+ = 3289 mg/g, Zn2+ = 3150 mg/g, Ni2+ = 3061 mg/g and Cd2+ = 2784 mg/g), which indicated an excellent performance of the synthesized nano material in water treatment. Freundlich equation analysis and SEM images of the adsorption products suggested multilayer adsorptions to the targets, and a new recrystalline type adsorption on the surface of the host was found. Some Ca atoms in HA nanoparticles were also found to be substituted by the heavy metallic elements in the initial stage of the adsorptions. The synthesized nano material exhibits better application prospect in wastewater treatment field for its easy synthesis, low-cost and environmental friendly properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - An-Nan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qing-Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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17
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Liao G, Zhao W, Li Q, Pang Q, Xu Z. Novel Poly(acrylic acid)-modified Tourmaline/Silver Composites for Adsorption Removal of Cu(II) ions and Catalytic Reduction of Methylene Blue in Water. CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.170785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangfu Liao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for The Green Preparation and Application of Functional Material, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhe Zhao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for The Green Preparation and Application of Functional Material, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for The Green Preparation and Application of Functional Material, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
| | - Qiuhu Pang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for The Green Preparation and Application of Functional Material, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for The Green Preparation and Application of Functional Material, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, P. R. China
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18
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Xiang B, Ling D, Lou H, Gu H. 3D hierarchical flower-like nickel ferrite/manganese dioxide toward lead (II) removal from aqueous water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 325:178-188. [PMID: 27931002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A functionalized magnetic nickel ferrite/manganese dioxide (NiFe2O4/MnO2) with 3D hierarchical flower-like and core-shell structure was synthesized by a facile hydrothermal approach and applied for the removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to study the effect of solution pH, initial Pb(II) concentration, and dose of absorbents on the Pb(II) removal by NiFe2O4/MnO2. The NiFe2O4/MnO2 nanocomposites showed the fast Pb(II) adsorption performance with the maximum adsorption capacity of 85.78mgg-1. The adsorption kinetics of Pb(II) onto NiFe2O4/MnO2 obeyed a pseudo-second-order model. The isothermal experimental results indicated that the Langmuir model was fitted better than the Freundlich model, illustrating a monolayer adsorption process for Pb(II) onto NiFe2O4/MnO2. Meanwhile, the NiFe2O4/MnO2 was easily separated from the solution by an external magnet within a short period of time and still exhibited almost 80% removal capacity after six regenerations. The NiFe2O4/MnO2 is expected to be a new promising adsorbent for heavy metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiang
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| | - Dong Ling
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Han Lou
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Hongbo Gu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
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19
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Deng S, Wang P, Zhang G, Dou Y. Polyacrylonitrile-based fiber modified with thiosemicarbazide by microwave irradiation and its adsorption behavior for Cd(II) and Pb(II). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 307:64-72. [PMID: 26775107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel thiosemicarbazide modified adsorbent (PAN(MW)-TSC) based on polyacrylonitrile fiber was successfully synthesized under microwave irradiation, which was applied for the uptake of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution subsequently. Microwave irradiation method is a new approach to achieve the modification and it turns out that just a 30min process is enough for the anchoring of functional groups in the fiber matrix. The surface characterization was performed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) elemental analysis (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), indicating that the modification was successfully accomplished. Batch adsorption experiments including equilibrium isotherms, kinetics and the effects of pH and temperature on the adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) were systematically studied. Among three kinetic models, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model provides the best correlation for the process. The nonlinear resolution of the Langmuir isotherm equation has been found to show the closest fit to the equilibrium date. Thermodynamic parameters, involving △G, △H and △S were also calculated from graphical interpretation of the experimental data, which suggest that metal ions adsorption onto PAN(MW)-TSC fibers is spontaneous and exothermic. Regeneration of PAN(MW)-TSC fibers loaded with metal ions was efficiently done with 0.5M HNO3, by which the investigated adsorbent could be used reproductively for five times with a small decrease in sorption capacity. The feasible preparation of PAN(MW)-TSC fibers with high adsorption capacities opens a new perspective in the potential application for wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin 150090, PR China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin 150090, PR China; School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Guangshan Zhang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Yuan Dou
- Shanxi Research Academy of Environmental Science, Taiyuan 030027, PR China
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20
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Shi J, Yin D, Xu Z, Song D, Cao F. Fosfomycin removal and phosphorus recovery in a schorl/H2O2 system. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra13637k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
More than 90% organic phosphorus could be removed by the Fenton-like oxidation, and about one-third inorganic phosphorus could be adsorbed and recovered on the schorl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Danyang Yin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210044
- P. R. China
| | - Zhengwen Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
- Nanjing 210044
- P. R. China
| | - Duanmei Song
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Feng Cao
- School of Engineering
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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21
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Wang P, Du M, Zhu H, Bao S, Yang T, Zou M. Structure regulation of silica nanotubes and their adsorption behaviors for heavy metal ions: pH effect, kinetics, isotherms and mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 286:533-44. [PMID: 25615696 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanotubes (SNTs) with controlled nanotubular structure were synthesized via an electrospinning and calcination process. In this regard, SNTs were found to be ideal adsorbents for Pb(II) removal with a higher adsorption capacity, and surface modification of the SNTs by sym-diphenylcarbazide (SD-SNTs) markedly enhanced the adsorption ability due to the chelating interaction between imino groups and Pb(II). The pH effect, kinetics, isotherms and adsorption mechanism of SNTs and SD-SNTs on Pb(II) adsorption were investigated and discussed detailedly. The adsorption capacity for Pb(II) removal was found to be significantly improved with the decrease of pH value. The Langmuir adsorption model agreed well with the experimental data. As for kinetic study, the adsorption onto SNTs and SD-SNTs could be fitted to pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order model, respectively. In addition, the as-prepared SNTs and SD-SNTs also exhibit high adsorption ability for Cd(II) and Co(II). The experimental results demonstrate that the SNTs and SD-SNTs are potential adsorbents and can be used effectively for the treatment of heavy-metal-ions-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Mingliang Du
- College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| | - Han Zhu
- College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Shiyong Bao
- College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Tingting Yang
- College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Meiling Zou
- College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
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22
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He WJ, He YF, Yan DZ, Wang Y, Wang RM. Adsorption of Lead Ion Using Polymer-Modified Wheat Straw Carboxymethylcellulose. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2013.845104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Abstract
This review deals with adsorption of metal ions, particularly those considered as hazardous, on clays and some inorganic solids and covers the publication years 2000–2013 describing and quantifying the use of isotherms to obtain the adsorption capacities of the solids.
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24
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Liu H, Wang C, Liu J, Wang B, Sun H. Competitive adsorption of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) from their binary and ternary acidic systems using tourmaline. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2013; 128:727-734. [PMID: 23851318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) from aqueous solutions in binary and ternary component systems by tourmaline was investigated. Kinetic data were accurately fitted to pseudo-second order and internal diffusion models, which indicated that the adsorption of heavy metals occurred on the interior surface of the sorbent and internal diffusion was the controlling mechanism during heavy metal ion adsorption but was not the only rate-controlling step. Additionally, tourmaline had a very good adsorption capacity for Cd(II), Zn(II) and Ni(II) in multi-component aqueous solutions at strongly acidic pH values (in contrast to industrial wastewater pH values). This good adsorption capacity is attributed to the fact that tourmaline can automatically adjust the pH values of acidic (except pH 2.0 and 3.0), neutral or alkaline aqueous solutions to 6.0. Adsorption isotherms and separation factors showed that tourmaline displays a high selectivity toward one metal in a two-component or a three-component system with an affinity order of Cd(II) > Zn(II) > Ni(II). Thermodynamic parameters indicated that heavy metal adsorption was feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic. Therefore, tourmaline should be explored as a material for removing pollutants from the strongly acidic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
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25
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Yu L, Zhang Z, Sun H. Oxidative degradation of azo dyes using tourmaline. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 260:851-9. [PMID: 23876254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the catalyzed degradation ability of tourmaline on the dyes methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), and congo red (CR) at different pH values. Interestingly, tourmaline strongly adsorbed anionic dyes, but it did not adsorb cationic dyes. When H₂O₂ was introduced into the tourmaline-dye systems, the degradation percentage for CR catalysis by tourmaline was lower than the percentage of adsorption, whereas the opposite was true for MB and RhB systems. Notably, the catalyzed degradation decreased from 100% to 45% for MB, 100% to 15% for RhB and 100% to 25% for CR as the pH increased from 3.0 to 10.0, respectively, which was much greater than the degradation obtained for previously reported materials at pH values ranging from 4.0 to 10.0. Tourmaline catalytically degraded the dyes over a broad range of pH values, which was attributed to tourmaline automatically adjusting the pH of the dye solutions to approximately 5.5 from an initial range of 4.2-10.0. An electron paramagnetic resonance spin trapping technique observed peroxyl (ROO·) and alkoxy (RO·) or alkyl (R·) radicals originated from the attack of ·OH radicals and O₂(·-) radicals, indicating that these radicals were involved in the catalyzed degradation of MB. Importantly, four intermediate products of MB at m/z 383, 316, 203 and 181 were observed by LC/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, College of Environment Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
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26
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Adsorption of Cd(II) from acidic aqueous solutions by tourmaline as a novel material. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-012-5341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Wang C, Liu J, Zhang Z, Wang B, Sun H. Adsorption of Cd(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) by Tourmaline at Acidic Conditions: Kinetics, Thermodynamics, and Mechanisms. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie2023096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes
and Environmental
Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jingting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes
and Environmental
Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes
and Environmental
Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
| | - BaoLin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes
and Environmental
Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes
and Environmental
Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s
Republic of China
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