1
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Ding Y, Shen L, Liang K, Xia C. Synthesis of C2-Carbonyl Indoles via Visible Light-Induced Oxidative Cleavage of an Aminomethylene Group. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16644-16654. [PMID: 36445203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A strategy for photochemical oxidative cleavage of the aminomethylene group at the C2 position of indole was developed to synthesize C2-carbonyl indoles. The reaction was initiated by the photochemical oxidation of N1, followed by a water-assisted concerted H-shift by abstracting hydrogen from aminomethylene. Bromopyridine was discovered to play dual roles as an oxidant for the regeneration of photocatalysts and as an accelerant for the single-electron transfer process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Kangjiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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2
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Thiophosphorylated indoles as a promising platform for the creation of cytotoxic Pd(II) pincer complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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3
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Zhu J, Zhang C, Liu L, Xue C, Cai Y, Liu XY, Xue F, Qin Y. Total Synthesis of Sarpagine Alkaloid (-)-Normacusine B. Org Lett 2022; 24:3515-3520. [PMID: 35544733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
An asymmetric total synthesis of the sarpagine alkaloid (-)-normacusine B is presented. Salient features of this synthesis include a photocatalytic nitrogen-centered radical cascade reaction to assemble the tetrahydrocarbolinone skeleton, a titanium-mediated intramolecular amide-alkene coupling to construct the bridged azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane moiety, and a nickel-catalyzed reductive Heck coupling to assemble the azabicyclo[2.2.2]octane ring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Luyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chaoyun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yukun Cai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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4
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Jiang X, Zhao Z, Shen Z, Chen K, Fang L, Yu C. Flavin/I2
-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative C-H Sulfenylation of Aryl-Fused Cyclic Amines. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Zongchen Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Zhifeng Shen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Keda Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Liyun Fang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Chuanming Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University of Technology; Hangzhou P.R. China
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5
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Tuo X, Chen S, Jiang P, Ni P, Wang X, Deng GJ. Iodine-catalyzed convergent aerobic dehydro-aromatization toward benzazoles and benzazines. RSC Adv 2020; 10:8348-8351. [PMID: 35497844 PMCID: PMC9049994 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An iodine-catalyzed aerobic dehydro-aromatization has been developed, providing straightforward and efficient access to various benzoazoles and benzoazines. The present transition-metal-free protocol enables the dehydro-aromatization of tetrahydrobenzazoles and tetrahydroquinolines with molecular oxygen as the green oxidant, along with some other N-heterocycles. Hence, a broad range of heteroaromatic compounds are generated in moderate to good yields under facile reaction conditions. An iodine-catalyzed aerobic dehydro-aromatization has been developed, providing a straightforward and efficient access to various benzoazoles and benzoazines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Tuo
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Shanping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Pingyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Penghui Ni
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan 411105
- China
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6
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Gaikwad SV, Nadimetla DN, Kobaisi MA, Devkate M, Joshi R, Shinde RG, Gaikwad MV, Nikalje MD, Bhosale SV, Lokhande PD. Iodine‐DMSO‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Biomimetic Aromatization of Tetrahydro‐
β
‐carbolines‐3‐carboxylic Acid: Mechanism Study with DFT‐Calculation. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil V. Gaikwad
- Centre for advance studiesDepartment of ChemistrySavitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
| | - Dinesh N. Nadimetla
- School of Chemical ScienceGoa University, Taleigao Plateau Goa 403 206 India
| | - Mohammad Al Kobaisi
- Department of Chemistry and BiotechnologyFSETSwinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia
| | - Manisha Devkate
- Centre for advance studiesDepartment of ChemistrySavitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
| | - Rekha Joshi
- Centre for advance studiesDepartment of ChemistrySavitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
| | - Rohit G. Shinde
- Centre for advance studiesDepartment of ChemistrySavitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
| | - Milind V. Gaikwad
- Department of ChemistryDr. D.Y. Patil A. C. S. College, Pimpri Pune 411018 India
| | - Milind D. Nikalje
- Centre for advance studiesDepartment of ChemistrySavitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
| | | | - Pradeep D. Lokhande
- Centre for advance studiesDepartment of ChemistrySavitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India
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7
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Metal free one pot synthesis of β-carbolines via a domino Pictet-Spengler reaction and aromatization. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Huang YQ, Song HJ, Liu YX, Wang QM. Dehydrogenation of N-Heterocycles by Superoxide Ion Generated through Single-Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2018; 24:2065-2069. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Qiong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Xiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Qing-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin); Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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9
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Zheng B, Trieu TH, Meng TZ, Lu X, Dong J, Zhang Q, Shi XX. Cu-catalyzed mild and efficient oxidation of THβCs using air: application in practical total syntheses of perlolyrine and flazin. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6834-6839. [PMID: 35540313 PMCID: PMC9078326 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13434g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild, efficient and environmentally benign method for synthesis of aromatic β-carbolines via Cu(ii)-catalyzed oxidation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs) was developed, in which air (O2) was used as the clean oxidant. This method has advantages such as environmentally friendliness, mildness, very good tolerance of functional groups, high yielding and easy experiment operation. In addition, this new methodology was successfully applied in the efficient and practical total syntheses of β-carboline alkaloids perlolyrine and flazin. A mild, efficient and ecofriendly method for synthesis of β-carbolines via Cu-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines (THβCs) was developed. In addition, this method was successfully applied in the practical total syntheses of perlolyrine and flazin.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Tien Ha Trieu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Tian-Zhuo Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Xia Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Dong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xin Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmacy
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237
- P. R. China
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10
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Kurumanna A, Ashok K, Rambabu S, Sonyanaik B, Ravi D, Madhu P, Sakram B. Simple and efficient method for aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines by using K2S2O8 as a catalyst and its antimicrobial activity comparison with molecular docking studies. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363217110287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Manasa KL, Tangella Y, Ramu G, Nagendra Babu B. TCCA; A Mild Reagent for Decarboxylative/Dehydrogenative Aromatization of Tetrahydro-β-
carbolines: Utility in the Total Synthesis of Norharmane, Harmane, Eudistomin U, I and N. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kesari Lakshmi Manasa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Hyderabad- 500 037 India
| | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
| | - Gopathi Ramu
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
| | - Bathini Nagendra Babu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER); Hyderabad- 500 037 India
- Centre for Semiochemicals; CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad- 500 007 India
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12
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Hati S, Sen S. Cerium Chloride Catalyzed, 2-Iodoxybenzoic Acid Mediated Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Multiple Heterocycles at Room Temperature. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Hati
- Department of Chemistry; School of Natural Sciences; Shiv Nadar University; Chithera 201314 Dadri Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Subhabrata Sen
- Department of Chemistry; School of Natural Sciences; Shiv Nadar University; Chithera 201314 Dadri Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh India
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13
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Abramyants MG, Lomov DA, Zavyazkina TI. Dehydrogenation of 1-aryl(hetaryl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acids and their esters with dimethyl sulfoxide. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428016110117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Meesala R, Arshad ASM, Mordi MN, Mansor SM. Iodine-catalyzed one-pot decarboxylative aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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15
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Hati S, Sen S. N-Bromo-succinimide promoted synthesis of β-carbolines and 3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines from tetrahydro-β-carbolines. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Peralta-Cruz J, Díaz-Fernández M, Ávila-Castro A, Ortegón-Reyna D, Ariza-Castolo A. An experimental and theoretical study of intramolecular regioselective oxidations of 6-substituted 2,3-dimethylquinoxaline derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03282b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The long-range substituent effects on the Riley reaction mechanism were determined by NMR and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Peralta-Cruz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- 11340 Ciudad de Mexico
- Mexico
| | - Mónica Díaz-Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- 11340 Ciudad de Mexico
- Mexico
| | - Alberto Ávila-Castro
- Departamento de Química Orgánica
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- 11340 Ciudad de Mexico
- Mexico
| | - David Ortegón-Reyna
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Ciudad de Mexico
- Mexico
| | - Armando Ariza-Castolo
- Departamento de Química
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional
- Ciudad de Mexico
- Mexico
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17
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Kamal A, Tangella Y, Manasa KL, Sathish M, Srinivasulu V, Chetna J, Alarifi A. PhI(OAc)2-mediated one-pot oxidative decarboxylation and aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines: synthesis of norharmane, harmane, eudistomin U and eudistomin I. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8652-62. [PMID: 26099113 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00871a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iodobenzene diacetate was employed as a mild and efficient reagent for one-pot oxidative decarboxylation of tetrahydro-β-carboline acids and dehydrogenation of tetrahydro-β-carbolines to access the corresponding aromatic β-carbolines. To the best of our knowledge this is the first synthesis of β-carbolines via a one-pot oxidative decarboxylation at ambient temperature. The utility of this protocol has been demonstrated in the synthesis of β-carboline alkaloids norharmane (2o), harmane (2p), eudistomin U (9) and eudistomin I (12).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
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18
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Heravi MM, Ahmadi T, Ghavidel M, Heidari B, Hamidi H. Recent applications of the hetero Diels–Alder reaction in the total synthesis of natural products. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17488k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthetic utility and potential power of the Diels–Alder (D–A) reaction in organic chemistry is evident.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hoda Hamidi
- Department of Chemistry
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
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19
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Kamal A, Sathish M, Prasanthi AVG, Chetna J, Tangella Y, Srinivasulu V, Shankaraiah N, Alarifi A. An efficient one-pot decarboxylative aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines by using N-chlorosuccinimide: total synthesis of norharmane, harmane and eudistomins. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16221a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild one-pot synthesis of β-carbolines from their tetrahydro-β-carboline acids has been developed via decorboxylative aromatization using N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kamal
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
| | - Manda Sathish
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - A. V. G. Prasanthi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500 037
- India
| | - Jadala Chetna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500 037
- India
| | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Vunnam Srinivasulu
- Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad 500 007
- India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500 037
- India
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Catalytic Chemistry Research Chair
- Chemistry Department
- College of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
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20
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Chen H, Gao P, Zhang M, Liao W, Zhang J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel class of β-carboline derivatives. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00262h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
β-Carboline was modified with amino acids and several novel β-carboline analogues were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengchao Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing 100069, People's Republic of China
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21
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Panarese JD, Waters SP. Tandem iodine-mediated oxidations of tetrahydro-β-carbolines: total synthesis of eudistomins Y1–Y7. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3428-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40661j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Ioannidou HA, Martin A, Gollner A, Koutentis PA. Three-step synthesis of Ethyl Canthinone-1-carboxylates from ethyl 4-bromo-6-methoxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxylate via a Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and a Cu-catalyzed amidation reaction [corrected]. J Org Chem 2011; 76:5113-22. [PMID: 21563779 DOI: 10.1021/jo200824b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ethyl canthin-6-one-1-carboxylate (1b) and nine analogues 1c-k were prepared from readily prepared ethyl 4-bromo-6-methoxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxylate (2b) via a three-step non-classical approach that focused on construction of the central pyrrole (ring B) using Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling followed by Cu-catalyzed C-N coupling. Furthermore, treatment of the ethyl canthinone-1-carboxylate 1b with NaOH in DCM/MeOH (9:1) gave the canthin-6-one-1-carboxylic acid (6) in high yield. All compounds are fully characterized.
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Dong J, Shi XX, Yan JJ, Xing J, Zhang Q, Xiao S. Efficient and Practical One-Pot Conversions of N-Tosyltetrahydroisoquinolines into Isoquinolines and of N-Tosyltetrahydro-β-carbolines into β-Carbolines through Tandem β-Elimination and Aromatization. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Panarese JD, Waters SP. Room-temperature aromatization of tetrahydro-β-carbolines by 2-iodoxybenzoic acid: utility in a total synthesis of eudistomin U. Org Lett 2010; 12:4086-9. [PMID: 20715768 PMCID: PMC2937063 DOI: 10.1021/ol101688x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
2-Iodoxybenzoic acid is a convenient reagent for the dehydrogenation of tetrahydro-β-carbolines to their aromatic forms under mild conditions. The utility of the method was demonstrated in a total synthesis of the marine indole alkaloid eudistomin U.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D. Panarese
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405
| | - Stephen P. Waters
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405
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Gollner A, Koutentis PA. Two-step total syntheses of canthin-6-one alkaloids: new one-pot sequential Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and Cu-catalyzed amidation reaction. Org Lett 2010; 12:1352-5. [PMID: 20192213 DOI: 10.1021/ol100300s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Canthin-6-one (1) and nine analogues including the naturally occurring 9-methoxycanthin-6-one (2) and amaroridine (3) are prepared rapidly and in high yields via a convergent "non-classical" strategy that focuses on construction of the central ring B. The strategy relies on concomitant Pd-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura C-C coupling followed by a Cu-catalyzed C-N coupling that can be achieved either stepwise or in a new one-pot protocol starting from the appropriate 8-bromo-1,5-naphthyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Gollner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
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The first enantiospecific total synthesis of the 3-oxygenated sarpagine indole alkaloids affinine and 16-epiaffinine, as well as vobasinediol and 16-epivobasinediol. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Singh V, Hutait S, Batra S. BaylisâHillman Reaction of 1-Formyl-β-carboline: One-Step Synthesis of the Canthin-6-one Framework by an Unprecedented Cascade Cyclization Reaction. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Rambaran VH, Balof S, Moody L, VanDerveer D, Holder AA. A new and efficient synthetic route for the synthesis of 3,6-dimethylpyrazine-2,5-dicarboxylic acid hydrate: molecular structure and unique supramolecular interactions. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b822030c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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29
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Edwankar CR, Edwankar RV, Rallapalli S, Cook JM. General Approach to the Total Synthesis of Macroline-Related Sarpagine and Ajmaline Alkaloids 1. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Described in this review is a general and efficient strategy for the synthesis of macroline-related sarpagine and ajmaline alkaloids. The tetracyclic ketone in the parent system, as well as the alkoxy substituted series served as templates for the synthesis of these complex molecules. The palladium-mediated enolate cross coupling process, regiospecific hydroboration, and Tollens reaction are some of the key transformations that have been employed for further functionalization of these templates. Synthetic routes that have been improved, in order to obtain gram quantities of these alkaloids form a part of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra R. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Rahul V. Edwankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Sundari Rallapalli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - James M. Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
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Han D, Försterling FH, Deschamps JR, Parrish D, Liu X, Yin W, Huang S, Cook JM. Conformational analysis of the cis- and trans-adducts of the Pictet - Spengler reaction. Evidence for the structural basis for the C(1) - N(2) scission process in the cis- to trans-isomerization. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2007; 70:75-82. [PMID: 17253853 DOI: 10.1021/np060391g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The stable conformations of both the trans- and cis-1,3-disubstituted Nb-benzyl stereoisomers of the Pictet - Spengler reaction have been determined by NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography in order to better understand the C(1) -N(2) cis- to trans-isomerization process. In the Na-H series, the chair conformation was preferred for the trans-isomer 3a, while the cis-isomer 3b existed predominantly in the boat form. However, in the Na-methyl series (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b), both the cis (1b, 2b) and trans (1a, 2a) diastereomers existed in the chair conformation to relieve the A(1,2)-strain between the Na-methyl function and the substituent at C(1). The difference in the preferred conformations of the cis-isomers in the Na-H and Na-methyl series (as compared to the preferred conformations in the trans-isomers) can be employed to understand the reduced rate of epimerization of cis-2b into trans-2a as compared to 3b into 3a. This provides the structural basis for the carbocation-mediated intermediate in the C(1) - N(2) scission process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
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31
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Malamidou-Xenikaki E, Vlachou C, Stampelos XN. Annulated 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines by intramolecular Mannich-type amino- and amidoalkylations of N(9)-(ω-nitroalkyl)-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolines. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Smolyar NN, Abramyants MG, Yutilov YM. Dehydrogenation of 4-phenyl-substituted spinaceamine and spinacine. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2006. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428006040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Song QH, Wang HB, Tang WJ, Guo QX, Yu SQ. Model studies of the (6-4) photoproduct photoreactivation: efficient photosensitized splitting of thymine oxetane units by covalently linked tryptophan in high polarity solvents. Org Biomol Chem 2005; 4:291-8. [PMID: 16391771 DOI: 10.1039/b514921e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three covalently linked tryptophan-thymine oxetane compounds used as a model of the (6-4) photolyase-substrate complex have been prepared. Under 290 nm light, efficient splitting of the thymine oxetane with aromatic carbonyl compounds gives the thymine monomer and the corresponding carbonyl compounds by the covalently linked tryptophan via an intramolecular electron transfer, and exhibits a strong solvent dependence: the quantum yield (Phi) is ca. 0.1 in dioxane, and near 0.3 in water. Electron transfer from the excited tryptophan residue to the oxetane unit is the origin of fluorescence quenching of the tryptophan residue, and is more efficient in strong polar solvents. The splitting efficiency of the oxetane radical anion within the tryptophan.+-oxetane.- species is also solvent-dependent, ranging from ca. 0.2 in dioxane to near 0.35 in water. Thus, the back electron transfer reaction in the charge-separated species would be suppressed in water, but is still a main factor causing low splitting efficiencies in the tryptophan-oxetane systems. In contrast to the tryptophan-oxetane system, fast nonradiation processes are the main causes of low efficiency in the flavin-oxetane system. Hence, nonradiative processes of the excited FADH-, rather than electron transfer to oxetane, may be an important factor for the low repair efficiency of (6-4) photolyase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, and State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Hefei, 230026 Anhui, P. R. China.
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Bracher F, Hildebrand D, Häberlein H. 1-Substituted β-Carboline-3-Carboxylates with high affinities to the Benzodiazepine recognition site. Nat Prod Res 2004; 18:391-6. [PMID: 15248604 DOI: 10.1080/14786410310001630483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring derivatives of beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid bearing acetyl or vinyl groups at C-1 were prepared by Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of methyl 1-chloro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate with appropriate organostannanes. Esters with chloro or acetyl groups at C-1 showed high affinity for the brain benzodiazepine recognition site. Thus, in contrast to 1-alkyl and 1-aryl analogs, these beta-carboline-3-carboxylates with electron-withdrawing substituents at C-1 show high affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Bracher
- Department Pharmazie-Zentrum für Pharmaforschung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Sundberg RJ, Smith SQ. The IBOGA alkaloids and their role as precursors of anti-neoplastic bisindole Catharanthus alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2003; 59:281-376. [PMID: 12561419 DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(02)59009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Sundberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va., USA
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Yu P, Wang T, Li J, Cook JM. Enantiospecific total synthesis of the sarpagine related indole alkaloids talpinine and talcarpine as well as the improved total synthesis of alstonerine and anhydromacrosalhine-methine via the asymmetric Pictet-Spengler reaction. J Org Chem 2000; 65:3173-91. [PMID: 10814213 DOI: 10.1021/jo000126e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The enantiospecific total synthesis of talpinine 1 and talcarpine 2 has been accomplished from D-(+)-tryptophan in 13 steps (11 reaction vessels) in 10% and 9.5% overall yields, respectively. Moreover, this synthetic approach has been employed for the improved synthesis of alstonerine 3and anhydromacrosalhine-methine 4 in 12% and 14% overall yield, respectively. A convenient synthetic route for the enantiospecific, stereospecific preparation of the key intermediate (-)-N(a)-H, N(b)-benzyl tetracyclic ketone 15a via the asymmetric Pictet-Spengler reaction on a multihundred-gram scale has been developed. A diastereocontrolled (>30:1) anionic oxy-Cope rearrangement and the intramolecular rearrangement to form ring-E and an N(b)-benzyl/N(b)-methyl transfer reaction also served as key steps. This general approach can now be utilized for the synthesis of macroline/sarpagine related indole alkaloids and their antipodes for biological screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
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38
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Katritzky AR, Qiu G, Yang B, Steel PJ. Enantioselective synthesis of ethyl 6-substituted-2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydro-1H-indolo[3,2,1-de][1,5]naphthyridine-2-carboxylates from tryptophan. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)01157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Quirante J, Escolano C, Merino A, Bonjoch J. First Total Synthesis of (±)-Melinonine-E and (±)-Strychnoxanthine Using a Radical Cyclization Process as the Core Ring-Forming Step. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo971148c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Quirante
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Escolano
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alma Merino
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Bonjoch
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Farmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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41
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Peng Y, Wang T, Fuxiang Y, Cook JM. General Approach for the synthesis of macroline/sarpagine related indole alkaloids Via the asymmetric pictet-spengler reaction: the enantiospecific synthesis of the Na-H, azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonone template. Tetrahedron Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)01603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Hugel G, Royer D, Le Men-Olivier L, Richard B, Jacquier MJ, Lévy J. Flow Thermolysis Rearrangements in the Indole Alkaloid Series: Strictamine and Akuammicine Derivatives. The Absolute Configurations of Ngouniensine and epi-Ngouniensine. J Org Chem 1997; 62:578-583. [PMID: 11671452 DOI: 10.1021/jo961816e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flow thermolysis of strictamine (1) generated two of the predictable rearrangement products, resulting from [1,5]-sigmatropic shifts: akuammicine (2) and indolenine 9. Besides formation of these two compounds, a quite different pathway gave rise to a novel rearrangement leading to indole 6, with the framework of the natural alkaloid ngouniensine (19). Rearrangement to the ngouniensine skeleton became the major pathway when the akuammicine derivatives 10, 12, and 17 were submitted to thermolysis, generating compounds 11, 13 + 15, and 18, respectively. These results allowed us to assign the absolute configuration of (-)-ngouniensine (19) (3R,20R) and that of (-)-epingouniensine ((-)-21) (3R,20S).
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgette Hugel
- Laboratoire de Transformations et Synthèse de Substances Naturelles et Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, associés au CNRS, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Faculté de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, F-51096 Reims Cédex, France
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Bracher F, Hildebrand D. β-Carbolin-Alkaloide, II Tributyl(1-ethoxyvinyl)stannan als C2-Baustein für die Synthese von β-Carbolin-Alkaloiden. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/jlac.1993199301132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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45
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Trudell ML, Soerens D, Weber RW, Hutchins L, Grubisha D, Bennett D, Cook JM. Pictet-spengler reactions in aprotic media. The total synthesis of (±) suaveoline. Tetrahedron 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)88507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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Giudice MRD, Gatta F, Settimj G. New tetracyclic compounds containing the β-carboline moiety. J Heterocycl Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570270427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Chapter 3 Canthin-6-one Alkaloids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60082-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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48
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50
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Harrison DM, Sharma RB. The formation and intramolecular acylation of a 1,2-dihydro-β-carboline derivative; a model sequence for the total synthesis of fumitremorgins. Tetrahedron Lett 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)85522-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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