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Hu J, Launay JP, Chaumont A, Heitz V, Jacquot de Rouville HP. Self-Assembled Bis-Acridinium Tweezer Equilibria Controlled by Multi-Responsive Properties. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401866. [PMID: 38780863 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Protonated and methylated bis-acridinium tweezers built around a 2,6-diphenylpyridyl and an electron enriched 2,6-di(p-anisyl)pyridyl spacer have been synthesized. These tweezers can self-assemble in their corresponding homodimers and the associated thermodynamic parameters have been probed in organic solvents. The switching properties of the tweezers have been exploited in biphasic transfer experiments showing the shift of the equilibria towards the homodimers. Moreover, the thermodynamic parameters of the formation of the reduced methylated homodimers investigated by electrochemical experiments revealed the dissociation of the dimers. Thus, in addition to solvent and temperature, the pH and redox responsiveness of the acridinium units of the tweezers make it possible to modulate to a larger extent the monomer-dimer equilibria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Hu
- LSAMM, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Launay
- CEMES-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Chaumont
- Chimie de la Matière Complexe, CNRS UMR 7140, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Heitz
- LSAMM, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Henri-Pierre Jacquot de Rouville
- LSAMM, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Mu GF, Yan Q. Intercage Polymerization of Postfunctionalized Phosphine Organic Prisms into Cage-Based Assemblies with Tunable Morphologies. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:798-805. [PMID: 38856711 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Great effort has been dedicated to the engineering of porous organic cages (POCs) in geometry and topology. Yet, harnessing these cage-like entities as premade building units to construct infinite cage-based superstructures remains elusive. In this study, we design a type of vertex-modified phosphine organic prism by a postfunctionalized approach and use it as a ditopic cage monomer to achieve an intercage supramolecular polymerization via the synergy of metal coordination and π-π dimerization. The resulting cage-by-cage polymers can further hierarchically organize into superstructures of diverse morphologies and dimensionalities, including 1D fibers, 2D lamellae, and 3D vesicles. Control over the cosolvents is capable of well regulating their structural hierarchies and self-assembled shapes. This would pave a way for the creation of cage-based supramolecular assemblies and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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3
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Huang H, Zheng Y, Chang M, Song J, Xia L, Wu C, Jia W, Ren H, Feng W, Chen Y. Ultrasound-Based Micro-/Nanosystems for Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8307-8472. [PMID: 38924776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsic non-invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and real-time capabilities, besides diagnostic imaging, ultrasound as a typical mechanical wave has been extensively developed as a physical tool for versatile biomedical applications. Especially, the prosperity of nanotechnology and nanomedicine invigorates the landscape of ultrasound-based medicine. The unprecedented surge in research enthusiasm and dedicated efforts have led to a mass of multifunctional micro-/nanosystems being applied in ultrasound biomedicine, facilitating precise diagnosis, effective treatment, and personalized theranostics. The effective deployment of versatile ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems in biomedical applications is rooted in a profound understanding of the relationship among composition, structure, property, bioactivity, application, and performance. In this comprehensive review, we elaborate on the general principles regarding the design, synthesis, functionalization, and optimization of ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for abundant biomedical applications. In particular, recent advancements in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for diagnostic imaging are meticulously summarized. Furthermore, we systematically elucidate state-of-the-art studies concerning recent progress in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for therapeutic applications targeting various pathological abnormalities including cancer, bacterial infection, brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic diseases. Finally, we conclude and provide an outlook on this research field with an in-depth discussion of the challenges faced and future developments for further extensive clinical translation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lili Xia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chenyao Wu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wencong Jia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hongze Ren
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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4
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Han T, Ren J, Jiang S, Wang F, Tian Y. Achieving Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence through Noncovalent Clipping of Metallotweezers. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11523-11530. [PMID: 38860921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Circularly polarized phosphorescent materials, based on host-guest complexation, have received significant attention due to their outstanding emission performance in solutions. Recent studies have primarily focused on macrocyclic host-guest complexes. To broaden the scope of this research, there is a keen pursuit of developing novel chiral phosphorescent host-guest systems. Metallotweezers with square-planar d8 transition metal complexes emerge as promising candidates for achieving this objective. Specifically, metallotweezers, comprising platinum(II) terpyridine and gold(III) diphenylpyridine pincers on a diphenylpyridine scaffold, have been designed and synthesized. Due to the preorganization effect rendered by the diphenylpyridine scaffold, the resulting metallotweezers are capable of complexing with each other and forming quadruple stacking structures. The phosphorescent emission is enhanced owing to the synergistic rigidifying and shielding effects. Meanwhile, the steric effect of chiral (1R) pinene units on the platinum(II) terpyridine pincers results in a stereospecific twist for the quadruple stacking structures. Thus, the chirality transfers from the molecular to the supramolecular level. By a combination of phosphorescent enhancement and supramolecular chirality for the clipping complex, circularly polarized phosphorescent emission is achieved. Overall, noncovalent clipping of metallotweezers exemplified in the current study presents a novel and effective approach toward solution-processable circularly polarized phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Han
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Sixun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yukui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Polymeric Materials of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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5
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Mu GF, Yang C, Wang Y, Yan Q. Cage-by-cage supramolecular polymerization via panel-decorated triphenylphosphine organic cage. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:365603. [PMID: 38865974 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad572c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Significant efforts have been dedicated to designing porous organic cage compounds with geometric complexity and topological diversity. However, the use of these cage molecules as premade building units for constructing infinite cage-based superstructures remains unexplored. Here, we report the use of a panel-decorated phosphine organic cage as a special monomer to achieve supramolecular polymerization, resulting in cage-by-cage noncovalent polymers through the synergy of metal-coordination and intercageπ-πdimerization. At a monomer concentration of 122 mM, the average degree of polymerization reaches 17, corresponding to a molecular weight of 26 kDa. The obtained cage-based supramolecular polymers can further hierarchically self-assemble into vesicular morphologies or one-dimensional nanofiber architectures. Selective control over the cosolvents can regulate their structural hierarchy and assembled morphology. This approach paves a new way for the construction of cage-based hierarchical assemblies and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Fang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuiqin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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6
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Lin CY, Hsu CH, Hung CM, Wu CC, Liu YH, Shi EHC, Lin TH, Hu YC, Hung WY, Wong KT, Chou PT. Entropy-driven charge-transfer complexation yields thermally activated delayed fluorescence and highly efficient OLEDs. Nat Chem 2024; 16:98-106. [PMID: 37884666 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01357-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Exciplex-forming systems that display thermally activated delayed fluorescence are widely used for fabricating organic light-emitting diodes. However, their further development can be hindered through a lack of structural and thermodynamic characterization. Here we report the generation of inclusion complexes between a cage-like, macrocyclic, electron-accepting host (A) and various N-methyl-indolocarbazole-based electron-donating guests (D), which exhibit exciplex-like thermally activated delayed fluorescence via a through-space electron-transfer process. The D/A cocrystals are fully resolved by X-ray analyses, and UV-visible titration data show their formation to be an endothermic and entropy-driven process. Moreover, their emission can be fine-tuned through the molecular orbitals of the donor. Organic light-emitting diodes were fabricated using one of the D/A systems, and the maximum external quantum efficiency measured was 15.2%. An external quantum efficiency of 10.3% was maintained under a luminance of 1,000 cd m-2. The results show the potential of adopting inclusion complexation to better understand the relationships between the structure, formation thermodynamics and properties of exciplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ming Hung
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Tse-Hung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Cheng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yi Hung
- Institute of Optoelectronic Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Tsung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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7
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Henriksen HC, Sowers AJ, Travis CR, Vulpis TD, Cope TA, Ouslander SK, Russell AF, Gagné MR, Pophristic V, Liu Z, Waters ML. Stimulus-Induced Relief of Intentionally Incorporated Frustration Drives Refolding of a Water-Soluble Biomimetic Foldamer. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27672-27679. [PMID: 38054648 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Frustrated, or nonoptimal, interactions have been proposed to be essential to a protein's ability to display responsive behavior such as allostery, conformational signaling, and signal transduction. However, the intentional incorporation of frustrated noncovalent interactions has not been explored as a design element in the field of dynamic foldamers. Here, we report the design, synthesis, characterization, and molecular dynamics simulations of the first dynamic water-soluble foldamer that, in response to a stimulus, exploits relief of frustration in its noncovalent network to structurally rearrange from a pleated to an intercalated columnar structure. Thus, relief of frustration provides the energetic driving force for structural rearrangement. This work represents a previously unexplored design element for the development of stimulus-responsive systems that has potential application to materials chemistry, synthetic biology, and molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne C Henriksen
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Adam J Sowers
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christopher R Travis
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Troy D Vulpis
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas A Cope
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Sarah K Ouslander
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alexander F Russell
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michel R Gagné
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Vojislava Pophristic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028-1701 , United States
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028-1701 , United States
| | - Marcey L Waters
- Department of Chemistry, CB 3290, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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8
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Gravillier LA, Cockroft SL. Context-Dependent Significance of London Dispersion. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3535-3544. [PMID: 37994023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusLondon forces constitute an attractive component of van der Waals interactions and originate from transient correlated momentary dipoles in adjacent atoms. The in-depth investigation of London dispersion forces poses notable challenges, especially in solution, owing to their inherently weak and competing character. Our objective in this Account is to shed light on the context-dependent significance of London dispersion forces by contrasting our own experimental findings with those from other research endeavors. Specifically, we will explore how factors such as the choice of system and solvent can influence the apparent role of London dispersion forces in molecular recognition processes. We initiate our Account by scrutinizing the Wilcox balance, which has yielded diverse and occasionally contradictory results. Following that, we provide an overview of the role of London dispersion forces and their context-dependent variations, encompassing alkyl-alkyl, halogen-π, alkyl-π, and aromatic stacking interactions.Several experimental investigations have revealed how difficult it is to measure the significance of London dispersion in solution. Indeed, dispersion forces seldom act as the exclusive driving force in molecular recognition processes, and solvation energetics also strongly influence equilibria and kinetics. Molecular balances that bring apolar functional groups into contact have proven to be instrumental in the experimental measurement of dispersion. The intramolecular approach avoids the need to pay the entropic cost of bringing interacting groups into contact, while also enabling solvent screening. Such experimental studies have found dispersion interactions between functional groups to be very weak (<5 kJ mol-1), meaning that they frequently take backstage to electrostatic contributions and solvophobic effects and are readily damped by competitive dispersion interactions with the solvent. By using such approaches, competitive dispersion interactions with the solvent have been shown to be described by the bulk polarizability of the solvent (perfluoroalkanes have the lowest bulk polarizabilities, while carbon disulfide has one of the highest). Dispersion interactions are also strongly distance-dependent, which results in considerable context-dependent outcomes across different investigations. For example, we caution against the risk of attributing the stability of a "more sterically hindered" isomer as arising from intramolecular dispersion forces. The total energy of the system can reveal other contributions to stability, such as nonintuitive minimization of strain elsewhere in the molecule. Indeed, the delicate distance-dependent balance between sterics and London dispersion means that even subtle changes in size and geometry can lead to disparate behavior. Similarly, solvophobic effects also contribute to stabilizing contacts between bulky functional groups, which can be revealed if there is a correlation with the cohesive energy density of the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis-Albin Gravillier
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Scott L Cockroft
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
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9
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Tobajas-Curiel G, Sun Q, Sanders JKM, Ballester P, Hunter CA. Substituent effects on aromatic interactions in water. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6226-6236. [PMID: 37325132 PMCID: PMC10266462 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01027a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular recognition in water involves contributions due to polar functional group interactions, partial desolvation of polar and non-polar surfaces and changes in conformational flexibility, presenting a challenge for rational design and interpretation of supramolecular behaviour. Conformationally well-defined supramolecular complexes that can be studied in both water and non-polar solvents provide a platform for disentangling these contributions. Here 1 : 1 complexes formed between four different calix[4]pyrrole receptors and thirteen different pyridine N-oxide guests have been used to dissect the factors that govern substituent effects on aromatic interactions in water. H-bonding interactions between the receptor pyrrole donors and the guest N-oxide acceptor at one end of the complex lock the geometrical arrangement of a cluster of aromatic interactions at the other end of the complex, so that a phenyl group on the guest makes two edge-to-face and two stacking interactions with the four aromatic side-walls of the receptor. The thermodynamic contribution of these aromatic interactions to the overall stability of the complex was quantified by chemical double mutant cycles using isothermal titration calorimetry and 1H NMR competition experiments. Aromatic interactions between the receptor and a phenyl group on the guest stabilise the complex by a factor of 1000, and addition of substituents to the guest phenyl group further stabilises the complex by an additional factor of up to 1000. When a nitro substituent is present on the guest phenyl group, the complex has a sub-picomolar dissociation constant (370 fM). The remarkable substituent effects observed in water for these complexes can be rationalised by comparison with the magnitude of the corresponding substituent effects measured in chloroform. In chloroform, the double mutant cycle free energy measurements of the aromatic interactions correlate well with the substituent Hammett parameters. Electron-withdrawing substituents increase the strength of the interactions by a factor of up to 20, highlighting the role of electrostatics in stabilising both the edge-to-face and stacking interactions. The enhanced substituent effects observed in water are due to entropic contributions associated with the desolvation of hydrophobic surfaces on the substituents. The flexible alkyl chains that line the open end of the binding site assist the desolvation of the non-polar π-surfaces of polar substituents, like nitro, but at the same time allow water to interact with the polar H-bond acceptor sites on the substituent. This flexibility allows polar substituents to maximise non-polar interactions with the receptor and polar interactions with the solvent, leading to remarkably high binding affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingqing Sun
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Yangzhou University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou 225002 Jiangsu China
| | - Jeremy K M Sanders
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Av. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- ICREA Passeig Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
| | - Christopher A Hunter
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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10
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Pérez de Carvasal K, Nicollet L, Smietana M, Morvan F. Stabilization of DNA Duplexes and Hairpins by Charge-Transfer Interactions Using DAN:NDI Pairs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:7418-7425. [PMID: 37196178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Electron-rich 1,5-dialkoxynaphthalene (DAN) and electron-deficient 1,8,4,5-naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide (NDI) are known to interact through the formation of charge-transfer complexes. The introduction of DAN and NDI into various DNA duplexes and hairpins was investigated by ultraviolet (UV) melting curve analysis. The positioning of the DAN:NDI pair was found to strongly influence the stability of DNA duplex and hairpins. In particular, while the introduction of one DAN/NDI pair in front of each other in the center of a DNA duplex led to a decrease of the thermal stability (ΔTm - 6 °C), the addition of a second pair restored or even increased the stability. In contrast, the introduction of DAN:NDI pairs at the end of a duplex always induced a strong stabilization (ΔTm up to +20 °C). Finally, a DAN:NDI pair positioned in the loop of a hairpin induced a stronger stabilization than a T4 loop (ΔTm + 10 °C). Based on charge-transfer interactions, the strong stabilizations observed allow the preparation of highly stabilized DNA nanostructures opening the way to numerous applications in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévan Pérez de Carvasal
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Laura Nicollet
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Smietana
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - François Morvan
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, 34293 Montpellier, France
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11
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de Carvasal KP, Vergoten G, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M, Morvan F. Supramolecular Recognition of Phosphodiester-Based Donor and Acceptor Oligomers Forming Gels in Water. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:756-765. [PMID: 36724436 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by automated DNA synthesis, electron-rich dialkoxynaphthalene (DAN) donor and electron-deficient naphthalene-tetracarboxylic diimide (NDI) acceptor phosphodiester-linked homohexamers were synthesized by the phosphoramidite method. Two types of hexamers were prepared, one with only one phosphodiester between the aromatics (i.e., DAN or NDI) and a second with two phosphodiesters around a propanediol between the aromatics, leading to the latter more flexible and more hydrophilic hexamers. The folding properties of these homohexamers alone or mixed together, in water only, were studied by UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM imaging revealed that a 1:1 mixture of hexaDAN and hexaNDI formed fibers by charge transfer donor-acceptor recognition leading to a hydrogel after drying. The organization of the resulting structures is strongly dependent on the nature of the complementary partner, leading to the formation of mono- or multilayer hydrogel networks with different compactness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévan Pérez de Carvasal
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Gérard Vergoten
- Université de Lille, Inserm, INFINITE - U1286, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), Faculté de Pharmacie, 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, Lille 59006, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Michael Smietana
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - François Morvan
- Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Montpellier 34293, France
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12
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Webster CS, Balduzzi F, Davis AP. Tricyclic octaurea "Temples" for the recognition of polar molecules in water. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:525-532. [PMID: 36533594 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02061k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two water-soluble tricyclic "Temple" macrocycles featuring pyrene roof/floor units and bis-urea spacers have been synthesised and studied as receptors for aromatic compounds in aqueous media. The tricycles show good selectivity for methylated purine alkaloids such as caffeine versus unsubstituted heterocycles such as adenine and indole. Binding is signalled by major changes in fluorescence, apparently due to the break-up of intramolecular excimers. The formation of excimers implies cavity collapse in the absence of guests explaining why, unlike an earlier relative, these receptors do not bind carbohydrates. Naphthalenediimides (NDIs) have also been studied as geometrically complementary guests, and indeed bind especially strongly (Ka > 107 M-1); this powerful and selective association suggests potential applications in supramolecular self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S Webster
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Federica Balduzzi
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
| | - Anthony P Davis
- University of Bristol, School of Chemistry, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK.
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13
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Zhou C, Wang Y, Muthukumar M, Zhang R, Zhao J, Jia D. Extraordinary Temperature Dependence of Hierarchically Assembled Macromolecular Structures with Memory. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperative Base of Biomedical Materials and Technology, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315300, China
- Wanhua Chemical Group Co., Ltd., Yantai 264006, China
| | - Murugappan Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperative Base of Biomedical Materials and Technology, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315300, China
| | - Jiang Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Di Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Ghosh G, Chakraborty A, Pal P, Jana B, Ghosh S. Direct Participation of Solvent Molecules in the Formation of Supramolecular Polymers. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201082. [PMID: 35475531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This article reports supramolecular polymerization of two bis-amide functionalized naphthalene-diimide (NDI) building blocks (NDI-L and NDI-C) in two solvents, namely n-heptane (Hep) and methylcyclohexane (MCH). NDI-L and NDI-C differ only by the peripheral hydrocarbon wedges, consisting of linear C7 chains or cyclic methylcyclohexane rings, respectively. UV/Vis and FTIR spectroscopy studies reveal distinct internal order and H-bonding pattern for NDI-L and NDI-C aggregates irrespective of the solvent system, indicating the dominant role of the intrinsic packing parameters of the individual building block, possibly influenced by the peripheral steric crowding. However, NDI-L produces a significantly stronger gel in Hep compared to MCH as evident from the rheological and thermal properties. In contrast, NDI-C exhibits a clear preference for MCH, producing gel with moderate strength but in Hep it fails to produce 1D morphology or gelation. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies corroborate with the experimental observation and provide the rationale for the observed solvent-shape effect by revealing a quantitative estimate regarding the thermodynamics of self-assembly in these four combinations. Such clear-cut shape-matching effect (between the peripheral hydrocarbon wedge and the solvent system) unambiguously support a direct participation of the solvent molecules during supramolecular polymerization and presence of a closely-adhered solvent shell around the supramolecular polymers, similar to the first layer of water molecules around the protein surface. Solvent induced CD experiments support this hypothesis as induced CD band was observed only from a chiral co-solvent of matching shape. This is reconfirmed by the higher de-solvation temperature of the shape-matching NDI/solvent system combination compared to the shape mis-match combination in variable temperature UV/Vis experiments, revealing transformation to a different aggregate at higher temperatures rather than disassembly to the monomer for all four combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Anwesha Chakraborty
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Prasun Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Biman Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2 A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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15
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Amemori S, Hamamoto R, Mizuno M. Enhancement of association constants of various charge-transfer complexes in siloxane solvents. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The association constants of various charge-transfer complexes were evaluated in n-hexane, octamethyltrisiloxane and PDMS to investigate the solvent effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Amemori
- NanoMaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Hamamoto
- School of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Motohiro Mizuno
- NanoMaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Institute for Frontier Science Initiative, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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16
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Patmanidis I, Alessandri R, de Vries AH, Marrink SJ. Comparing Dimerization Free Energies and Binding Modes of Small Aromatic Molecules with Different Force Fields. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196069. [PMID: 34641613 PMCID: PMC8512883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dimerization free energies are fundamental quantities that describe the strength of interaction of different molecules. Obtaining accurate experimental values for small molecules and disentangling the conformations that contribute most to the binding can be extremely difficult, due to the size of the systems and the small energy differences. In many cases, one has to resort to computational methods to calculate such properties. In this work, we used molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with metadynamics to calculate the free energy of dimerization of small aromatic rings, and compared three models from popular online servers for atomistic force fields, namely G54a7, CHARMM36 and OPLS. We show that, regardless of the force field, the profiles for the dimerization free energy of these compounds are very similar. However, significant care needs to be taken when studying larger molecules, since the deviations from the trends increase with the size of the molecules, resulting in force field dependent preferred stacking modes; for example, in the cases of pyrene and tetracene. Our results provide a useful background study for using topology builders to model systems which rely on stacking of aromatic moieties, and are relevant in areas ranging from drug design to supramolecular assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Patmanidis
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.P.); (R.A.); (A.H.d.V.)
| | - Riccardo Alessandri
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.P.); (R.A.); (A.H.d.V.)
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alex H. de Vries
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.P.); (R.A.); (A.H.d.V.)
| | - Siewert J. Marrink
- Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute and Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands; (I.P.); (R.A.); (A.H.d.V.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Pérez de Carvasal K, Riccardi C, Russo Krauss I, Cavasso D, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M, Morvan F, Montesarchio D. Charge-Transfer Interactions Stabilize G-Quadruplex-Forming Thrombin Binding Aptamers and Can Improve Their Anticoagulant Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9510. [PMID: 34502432 PMCID: PMC8430690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for optimized thrombin binding aptamers (TBAs), we herein describe the synthesis of a library of TBA analogues obtained by end-functionalization with the electron-rich 1,5-dialkoxy naphthalene (DAN) and the electron-deficient 1,8,4,5-naphthalenetetra-carboxylic diimide (NDI) moieties. Indeed, when these G-rich oligonucleotides were folded into the peculiar TBA G-quadruplex (G4) structure, effective donor-acceptor charge transfer interactions between the DAN and NDI residues attached to the extremities of the sequence were induced, providing pseudo-cyclic structures. Alternatively, insertion of NDI groups at both extremities produced TBA analogues stabilized by π-π stacking interactions. All the doubly-modified TBAs were characterized by different biophysical techniques and compared with the analogues carrying only the DAN or NDI residue and unmodified TBA. These modified TBAs exhibited higher nuclease resistance, and their G4 structures were markedly stabilized, as evidenced by increased Tm values compared to TBA. These favorable properties were also associated with improved anticoagulant activity for one DAN/NDI-modified TBA, and for one NDI/NDI-modified TBA. Our results indicated that TBA pseudo-cyclic structuring by ad hoc designed end-functionalization represents an efficient approach to improve the aptamer features, while pre-organizing and stabilizing the G4 structure but allowing sufficient flexibility to the aptamer folding, which is necessary for optimal thrombin recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévan Pérez de Carvasal
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (K.P.d.C.); (J.-J.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Claudia Riccardi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (I.R.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Irene Russo Krauss
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (I.R.K.); (D.C.)
- CSGI—Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Domenico Cavasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (I.R.K.); (D.C.)
- CSGI—Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, Via della Lastruccia 3, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (K.P.d.C.); (J.-J.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Michael Smietana
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (K.P.d.C.); (J.-J.V.); (M.S.)
| | - François Morvan
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, University Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (K.P.d.C.); (J.-J.V.); (M.S.)
| | - Daniela Montesarchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia 21, I-80126 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (I.R.K.); (D.C.)
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18
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Lee GY, Hu E, Rheingold AL, Houk KN, Sletten EM. Arene-Perfluoroarene Interactions in Solution. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8425-8436. [PMID: 34077211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study of arene-perfluoroarene interactions in solution is presented. Using a combination of NMR titration experiments, X-ray crystallography, and computational analysis, we analyze the effects of fluorination, substituents, ring size, and solvation on the arene-perfluoroarene interaction. We find that fluorination, extension of the π systems, and enhancement of solvent polarity greatly stabilize the stacking energy up to 3 orders of magnitude (Ka = <1 to 6000 M-1), with the highest Ka achieved for the interaction of water-soluble variants of perfluoronaphthalene and anthracene in buffered D2O (pD = 12). Combining computational and experimental results, we conclude that this impressive binding energy is a result of enthalpically favorable electrostatic and dispersion interactions as well as the entropically driven hydrophobic effect. The enhanced understanding of arene-perfluoroarene interactions in aqueous solution sets the stage for the implementation of this abiotic intermolecular interaction in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Elizabeth Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ellen M Sletten
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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19
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Würthner F. Solvent Effects in Supramolecular Chemistry: Linear Free Energy Relationships for Common Intermolecular Interactions. J Org Chem 2021; 87:1602-1615. [PMID: 33973476 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The proper choice of solvent is of major importance for all studies in supramolecular chemistry, including molecular recognition in host-guest systems, intramolecular folding, self-assembly, and supramolecular polymerization. In this Perspective, the usefulness of linear free energy relationships (LFERs) is highlighted to unravel the effect of solvents on coordinate bonding (e.g., cation-crown ether), hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding, dipolar aggregation, and π-π-stacking. For all of these intermolecular interactions widely applied in supramolecular systems, LFER relationships between the Gibbs binding energies and common solvent polarity scales including ET(30), π*, α or β based on solvatochromic dyes, scales derived from binding processes such as Gutmann donor and acceptor numbers or hydrogen bond donor and acceptor scales, or physical functions like the Kirkwood-Onsager or the Liptay-Onsager functions could be demonstrated. These relationships can now be applied toward a better understanding of the prevailing intermolecular forces for supramolecular interactions. They further enable a rational selection of the most suitable solvent for the preparation of self-assembled materials and the estimation of binding constants without the need for time-consuming comprehensive investigations of solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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20
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Li Z, Han Y, Nie F, Liu M, Zhong H, Wang F. Bright and Robust Phosphorescence Achieved by Non‐Covalent Clipping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Fude Nie
- Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
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21
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Li Z, Han Y, Nie F, Liu M, Zhong H, Wang F. Bright and Robust Phosphorescence Achieved by Non-Covalent Clipping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8212-8219. [PMID: 33450117 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorescent materials with bright emission in versatile media are important for their practical applications, which require to lower the susceptibility of triplet excitons to surroundings. Herein a non-covalent clipping strategy has been developed to attain this objective, by designing a tweezer receptor to encapsulate PtII -based triplet emitters through two-fold π-stacking interactions. The PtII emitters display robust phosphorescence by virtue of synergistic rigidifying and shielding effects, which are hardly influenced by emitter concentration, oxygen content, and solvent polarity changes. The phosphorescent colors are elaborately modulated by varying ligand substitutes on PtII emitters. Circularly polarized phosphorescence is further amplified for chiral PtII emitters, by taking advantage of dual phosphorescence and chirality enhancement upon non-covalent tweezer complexation. Overall, the clipping approach paves the way for the development of high-performance phosphorescent materials with bright emission, environmental robustness, and facile color tunability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Fude Nie
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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22
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Aster A, Rumble C, Bornhof AB, Huang HH, Sakai N, Šolomek T, Matile S, Vauthey E. Long-lived triplet charge-separated state in naphthalenediimide based donor-acceptor systems. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4908-4915. [PMID: 34168763 PMCID: PMC8179635 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc00285f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
1,4,5,8-Naphthalenediimides (NDIs) are widely used motifs to design multichromophoric architectures due to their ease of functionalisation, their high oxidative power and the stability of their radical anion. The NDI building block can be incorporated in supramolecular systems by either core or imide functionalization. We report on the charge-transfer dynamics of a series of electron donor-acceptor dyads consisting of a NDI chromophore with one or two donors linked at the axial, imide position. Photo-population of the core-centred π-π* state is followed by ultrafast electron transfer from the electron donor to the NDI. Due to a solvent dependent singlet-triplet equilibrium inherent to the NDI core, both singlet and triplet charge-separated states are populated. We demonstrate that long-lived charge separation in the triplet state can be achieved by controlling the mutual orientation of the donor-acceptor sub-units. By extending this study to a supramolecular NDI-based cage, we also show that the triplet charge-separation yield can be increased by tuning the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Aster
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Christopher Rumble
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Anna-Bea Bornhof
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Hsin-Hua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 Basel 4056 Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Tomáš Šolomek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 Basel 4056 Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland
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23
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Amemori S, Kikuchi K, Mizuno M. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and oligo(dimethylsiloxane) solvent effects on aromatic donor-acceptor interactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:1141-1144. [PMID: 33410835 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06638a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Solvents with a wide range of polarities, including poly(dimethylsiloxane) and oligo(dimethylsiloxane), were used to evaluate aromatic donor-acceptor interactions between pyrene and pyromellitic diimide derivatives. The donor-acceptor interactions were stronger in siloxane solvents than in aliphatic solvents, possibly because of the poor solubility of the aromatics in siloxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Amemori
- NanoMaterials Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
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24
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Zhang Y, Yuan S, Liu P, Jing L, Pan H, Ren XK, Chen Z. J-aggregation induced emission enhancement of BODIPY dyes via H-bonding directed supramolecular polymerization: the importance of substituents at boron. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00520k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
For uracil-functionalized BODIPY dyes 1a–c, AIEE upon H-bonding directed J-aggregation was observed for the two dyes bearing alkyne groups at boron while the BF2-chelated dye displayed ACQ, indicating the crucial role of the substituents at boron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Siyuan Yuan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Ping Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Lei Jing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Hongfei Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Xiang-Kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Zhijian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin)
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25
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Pérez de Carvasal K, Aissaoui N, Vergoten G, Bellot G, Vasseur JJ, Smietana M, Morvan F. Folding of phosphodiester-linked donor–acceptor oligomers into supramolecular nanotubes in water. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4130-4133. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01064f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Water soluble foldamers, synthesized by DNA synthesis with dialkoxynaphthalene and naphthalene-tetracarboxylic diimide blocks, formed supramolecular nanotubes in water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nesrine Aissaoui
- Université de Montpellier
- INSERM
- CNRS
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale
- Montpellier
| | - Gérard Vergoten
- Université de Lille
- Inserm
- INFINITE – U1286
- Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL)
- Faculté de Pharmacie
| | - Gaëtan Bellot
- Université de Montpellier
- INSERM
- CNRS
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale
- Montpellier
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Université de Montpellier
- CNRS
- ENSCM
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- Montpellier
| | - Michael Smietana
- Université de Montpellier
- CNRS
- ENSCM
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- Montpellier
| | - François Morvan
- Université de Montpellier
- CNRS
- ENSCM
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron
- Montpellier
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26
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Liu M, Han Y, Zhong H, Zhang X, Wang F. Supramolecular Chirogenesis Induced by Platinum(II) Tweezers with Excellent Environmental Tolerance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3498-3503. [PMID: 33118695 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular chirogenesis has emerged as an effective strategy to access symmetry breaking in artificial systems. However, the chirogenic signals suffer from high susceptibility toward environmental variations. An effective strategy has been developed to address this issue by constructing platinum(II)-based tweezer/guest complexes stabilized by two-fold donor-acceptor and PtII -PtII metal-metal interactions. Upon guest encapsulation, the two pincers on the achiral PtII tweezer undergo a stereospecific twist to minimize steric repulsion, thus locking tweezer/guest complexes into the preferred chiral conformations. The induced chiroptical effects display outstanding solvent and temperature tolerance, ascribed to the balance between electrostatic and desolvation effects for the involved non-covalent interactions. Moreover, hierarchical and multi-component supramolecular assembly of tweezer/guest complexes provide a convenient way to modulate chirogeneic signals for their intensities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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27
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Liu M, Han Y, Zhong H, Zhang X, Wang F. Supramolecular Chirogenesis Induced by Platinum(II) Tweezers with Excellent Environmental Tolerance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yifei Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
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28
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Uchiyama M, Okamoto C, Momotake A, Ikeue T, Yamamoto Y. Stepwise binding of a cationic phthalocyanine derivative to an all parallel-stranded tetrameric G-quadruplex DNA. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 213:111270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Zanetti‐Polzi L, Djemili R, Durot S, Heitz V, Daidone I, Ventura B. Allosteric Control of Naphthalene Diimide Encapsulation and Electron Transfer in Porphyrin Containers: Photophysical Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Chemistry 2020; 26:17514-17524. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan Djemili
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Valérie Heitz
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 Université de Strasbourg 4, rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Isabella Daidone
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences University of L'Aquila via Vetoio (Coppito 1) 67010 L'Aquila Italy
| | - Barbara Ventura
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
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30
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Mabesoone MJ, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Solute-Solvent Interactions in Modern Physical Organic Chemistry: Supramolecular Polymers as a Muse. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19781-19798. [PMID: 33174741 PMCID: PMC7705892 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between solvents and solutes are a cornerstone of physical organic chemistry and have been the subject of investigations over the last century. In recent years, a renewed interest in fundamental aspects of solute-solvent interactions has been sparked in the field of supramolecular chemistry in general and that of supramolecular polymers in particular. Although solvent effects in supramolecular chemistry have been recognized for a long time, the unique opportunities that supramolecular polymers offer to gain insight into solute-solvent interactions have become clear relatively recently. The multiple interactions that hold the supramolecular polymeric structure together are similar in strength to those between solute and solvent. The cooperativity found in ordered supramolecular polymers leads to the possibility of amplifying these solute-solvent effects and will shed light on extremely subtle solvation phenomena. As a result, many exciting effects of solute-solvent interactions in modern physical organic chemistry can be studied using supramolecular polymers. Our aim is to put the recent progress into a historical context and provide avenues toward a more comprehensive understanding of solvents in multicomponent supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs
F. J. Mabesoone
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular
and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular
and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems and the Laboratory of Macromolecular
and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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31
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Li P, Vik EC, Shimizu KD. N-Arylimide Molecular Balances: A Comprehensive Platform for Studying Aromatic Interactions in Solution. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2705-2714. [PMID: 33152232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions of aromatic surfaces play a key role in many biological processes and in determining the properties and utility of synthetic materials, sensors, and catalysts. However, the study of aromatic interactions has been challenging because these interactions are usually very weak and their trends are modulated by many factors such as structural, electronic, steric, and solvent effects. Recently, N-arylimide molecular balances have emerged as highly versatile and effective platforms for studying aromatic interactions in solution. These molecular balances can accurately measure weak noncovalent interactions in solution via their influence on the folded-unfolded conformational equilibrium. The structure (i.e., size, shape, π-conjugation, and substitution) and nature (i.e., element, charge, and polarity) of the π-surfaces and interacting groups can be readily varied, enabling the study of a wide range of aromatic interactions. These include aromatic stacking, heterocyclic aromatic stacking, and alkyl-π, chalcogen-π, silver-π, halogen-π, substituent-π, and solvent-π interactions. The ability to measure a diverse array of aromatic interactions within a single model system provides a unique perspective and insights as the interaction energies, stability trends, and solvent effects for different types of interactions can be directly compared. Some broad conclusions that have emerged from this comprehensive analysis include: (1) The strongest aromatic interactions involve groups with positive charges such as pyridinium and metal ions which interact with the electrostatically negative π-face of the aromatic surface via cation-π or metal-π interactions. Attractive electrostatic interactions can also form between aromatic surfaces and groups with partial positive charges. (2) Electrostatic interactions involving aromatic surfaces can be switched from repulsive to attractive using electron-withdrawing substituents or heterocycles. These electrostatic trends appear to span many types of aromatic interactions involving a polar group interacting with a π-surface such as halogen-π, chalcogen-π, and carbonyl-π. (3) Nonpolar groups form weak but measurable stabilizing interactions with aromatic surfaces in organic solvents due to favorable dispersion and/or solvophobic effects. A good predictor of the interaction strength is provided by the change in solvent-accessible surface area. (4) Solvent effects modulate the aromatic interactions in the forms of solvophobic effects and competitive solvation, which can be modeled using solvent cohesion density and specific solvent-solute interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Erik C. Vik
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
| | - Ken D. Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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32
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Zak IL, Gadekar SC, Milo A. Designing the Secondary Coordination Sphere in Small-Molecule Catalysis. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe application of secondary-sphere interactions in catalysis was inspired by the hierarchical arrangement of the microenvironment of metalloprotein active sites and has been adopted mainly in organometallic catalysis. The study of such interactions has enabled the deliberate orientation of reaction components, leading to control over reactivity and selectivity by design. Although not as common, such interaction can play a decisive role in organocatalysis. Herein, we present several examples of small-molecule organometallic- and organocatalysis, highlighting the advantages offered by carefully designing the secondary sphere.1 Introduction2 Secondary-Sphere Design in Organometallic Catalysis3 Secondary-Sphere Modification in Organocatalysis4 Using Statistical Analysis to Systematically Tune and Probe Secondary-Sphere Interactions5 Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anat Milo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
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33
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Wight CD, Xiao Q, Wagner HR, Hernandez EA, Lynch VM, Iverson BL. Mechanistic Analysis of Solid-State Colorimetric Switching: Monoalkoxynaphthalene-Naphthalimide Donor–Acceptor Dyads. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17630-17643. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D. Wight
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Qifan Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Holden R. Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eduardo A. Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brent L. Iverson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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34
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Gianga TM, Pantoș GD. Structurally divergent dynamic combinatorial chemistry on racemic mixtures. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3528. [PMID: 32669543 PMCID: PMC7363883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Structurally Divergent Reactions on Racemic Mixtures are atypical processes in Nature. The few examples reported in the literature take place in organic solvents and are driven by the reagents’ interaction with bulky chiral catalysts. Herein, we describe a dynamic combinatorial approach to generate structural divergence from racemic building blocks. The divergence is due to a stereospecific electron-donor – electron-acceptor interaction of diastereomeric macrocycles, leading to structurally distinct pseudorotaxanes. The equilibrated dynamic combinatorial library contains, amongst various macrocycles, two different types of [2]catenanes that are non-isomeric. The formation of these [2]catenanes is due to a spontaneous stereo and structurally divergent assembly of the building blocks. Structurally divergent reactions on racemic mixtures, which produce distinct chemical species from an enantiomeric mixture, are extremely rare in the literature. Here, the authors are able to use a dynamic combinatorial approach to yield structurally divergent, non-isomeric [2]catenanes from an enantiomeric mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiberiu-M Gianga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.,Beamline B23, Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - G Dan Pantoș
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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35
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Satake A. The Solvent Effect on Weak Interactions in Supramolecular Polymers: Differences between Small Molecular Probes and Supramolecular Polymers. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1542-1548. [PMID: 32697033 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this minireview, weak interactions that occur in supramolecular polymers are discussed. Combination of weak and strong interactions plays an important role in the construction of supramolecular polymers. It is beneficial to separate the contributions of the weak interactions, as well as each solvent effect on the weak interactions. However, it is generally difficult to observe each solvent effect separately at work in each interaction. Small molecular probes are useful to estimate the contributions of the weak interaction. But, the results should be treated with caution when applied to supramolecular polymer systems. To overcome the problems, a new solvent parameter, solvation ability (SA), is introduced, which was determined on the balance point of extended and stacked forms of porphyrin-based interconvertible supramolecular polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiharu Satake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Division II, Tokyo University of Science, 1-3 Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
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36
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van Vliet KM, de Bruin B. Dioxazolones: Stable Substrates for the Catalytic Transfer of Acyl Nitrenes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaj M. van Vliet
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam (UvA), Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Sugimoto M, Kuramochi Y, Satake A. Measurement of Solvation Ability of Solvents by Porphyrin-Based Solvation/Desolvation Indicators. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6045-6050. [PMID: 32226886 PMCID: PMC7098040 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new solvent scale, solvation ability (SA), was developed to arrange solvents in the order of their SA for large π-conjugated compounds. The SA of a solvent was determined in a binary solvent system of an assessed solvent and a standard "good" solvent (GS) or "poor" solvent (PS), chloroform or methylcyclohexane, respectively, in the presence of two types of solvation/desolvation indicators, 1Zn2 and 2Zn2 . The latter comprises bis(imidazolylporphyrinatozinc) linked via a 1,3-butadiynylene moiety having linear alkyl and hydrophilic side chains, respectively. GSs and PSs give extended (E-) and stacked (S-) supramolecular polymers of the indicators, respectively. SA values are defined as vol % of the standard solvent added to an assessed solvent to give the balance point where comparable amounts of E- and S-polymers of the indicators coexist. GSs and PSs have positive and negative signs, respectively. In this study, the SA of 25 solvents was determined. The SA values with indicator 1Zn2 were as follows: ethyl acetate (-81), hexane (-66), toluene (-50), cyclohexane (-47), CCl4 (-25), chloroform (50), and nitrobenzene (79).
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38
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Kage Y, Shimizu S, Kociok-Köhn G, Furuta H, Pantoş GD. Subphthalocyanine-Stoppered [2]Rotaxanes: Synthesis and Size/Energy Threshold of Slippage. Org Lett 2020; 22:1096-1101. [PMID: 31942791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanine (SubPc)-stoppered [2]rotaxanes were synthesized for the first time. The rotaxane bearing unsubstituted SubPc as a stopper exhibited an equilibrium of slipping-on and slipping-off, whereas a perfluorinated SubPc stopper completely blocked slippage of the ring due to its slightly larger size. Kinetic studies revealed the Gibbs free energy of activation for the slipping-on and slipping-off processes. The optical properties of the rotaxanes, including photoinduced electron transfer, were also revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Molecular Systems (CMS) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - G Dan Pantoş
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bath , Bath BA2 7AY , U.K
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39
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Claudio-Catalán MÁ, Medrano F, Tlahuext H, Rodríguez-Uribe NA, Godoy-Alcántar C. Interaction of aromatic compounds and anions with naphthylimide-dansylamide fluorescent dyad: Experimental evidence of aryl C-H…π and aryl C-H…anion contacts and DFT calculations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 226:117553. [PMID: 31634713 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work the interaction of halide anions and simple aromatic compounds with a bichromophoric fluorescent dyad derived from 1,8-naphthalimide (NAPIM) and 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonyl (DANS) was studied using electronic spectroscopy, 1H, and 19F NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry modeling (b3lyp/def2-TZVP). The NAPIM-DANS dyad interacts with electron-rich guests with binding constants in the range of 6×103 to 8×103M-1 in CHCl3. The formed complexes are stabilized through aryl C-H … anion and aryl C-H … π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Ángel Claudio-Catalán
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Avenida Plutarco Elías Calles, 1210, Fovissste Chamizal, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Felipe Medrano
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora, Rosales y Luis Encinas s/n, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, Mexico
| | - Hugo Tlahuext
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62209, Mexico
| | - Nadia Alejandra Rodríguez-Uribe
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62209, Mexico
| | - Carolina Godoy-Alcántar
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62209, Mexico.
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40
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Xie Y, Zhang K, Yamauchi Y, Jia Z. Nitroxide polymer gels for recyclable catalytic oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00624f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A physically crosslinked nitroxide polymer gel has been synthesized and used as a recyclable catalyst to convert alcohols to aldehydes in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yusuke Yamauchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology
- University of Queensland
- Brisbane QLD 4072
- Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering
| | - Zhongfan Jia
- Flinders University
- College of Science and Engineering
- Bedford Park
- Australia
- Flinders University
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41
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Evstigneev MP, Lantushenko AO, Yakovleva YA, Suleymanova AF, Eltsov OS, Kozhevnikov VN. Tuning the Aggregation of N
^
N
^
C Pt(II) Complexes by Varying the Aliphatic Side Chain and Auxiliary Halide Ligand:
1
H and
195
Pt NMR Investigation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim P. Evstigneev
- Department of Physics Sevastopol State University 299053 Sevastopol Russian Federation
- Belgorod State University 85 Pobedy str. 308015 Belgorod Russian Federation
| | | | - Yulia A. Yakovleva
- Department of Technology for Organic Synthesis Chemical Technology Institute Ural Federal University 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Alfiya F. Suleymanova
- Department of Technology for Organic Synthesis Chemical Technology Institute Ural Federal University 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Oleg S. Eltsov
- Department of Technology for Organic Synthesis Chemical Technology Institute Ural Federal University 620002 Yekaterinburg Russian Federation
| | - Valery N. Kozhevnikov
- Department of Applied Sciences Northumbria University NE1 8ST Newcastle‐Upon‐Tyne UK
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42
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Lee SH, Oh BM, Hong CY, Jung SK, Park SH, Jeon GG, Kwon YW, Jang S, Lee Y, Kim D, Kim JH, Kwon OP. Gas-Induced Ion-Free Stable Radical Anion Formation of Organic Semiconducting Solids as Highly Gas-Selective Probes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:35904-35913. [PMID: 31545029 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The formation of stabilized radical anions on organic materials in the solid state is an important issue in radical-based fundamental research and various applications. Herein, for the first time, we report on gas-induced ion-free stable radical anion formation (SRAF) of organic semiconducting solids with high gas selectivities through the use of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) gas sensors and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. In contrast to the previously reported SRAF, which requires either anionic analytes in solution and/or cationic substituents on π-electron-deficient aromatic cores, NDI-EWGs consist of an n-type semiconducting naphthalene diimide (NDI) and various electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) that exhibit non-ion-involved, gas-selective SRAF in the solid state. In the presence of hard Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs exhibit enhanced conductivity (Current-ON mode) through the formation of an SRAF NDI/gas complex, while in the presence of borderline and soft Lewis base gases, NDI-EWG-based OFETs show decreased conductivity (Current-OFF mode) by the formation of a resistive NDI/gas complex. Organic semiconducting solids with EWGs exhibiting highly gas-selective solid-SRAF constitute a very promising platform for radical-based chemistry and can be used in various applications, such as highly gas-selective probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Heon Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Byeong M Oh
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Chan Yoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry , Kyonggi University , San 94-6, Iui-dong , Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si , Gyeonggi 443-760 , Korea
| | - Su-Kyo Jung
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Sung-Ha Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Gyeong G Jeon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - Young-Wan Kwon
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology , Korea University , Seoul 136-701 , Korea
| | - Seokhoon Jang
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering , DGIST , 333, Techno Jungang Daero , Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988 , Korea
| | - Youngu Lee
- Department of Energy Science & Engineering , DGIST , 333, Techno Jungang Daero , Hyeonpung-Myeon, Dalseong-Gun, Daegu 42988 , Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Kyonggi University , San 94-6, Iui-dong , Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si , Gyeonggi 443-760 , Korea
| | - Jong H Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
| | - O-Pil Kwon
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea
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Wiberg C, Carney TJ, Brushett F, Ahlberg E, Wang E. Dimerization of 9,10-anthraquinone-2,7-Disulfonic acid (AQDS). Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.05.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jung H, Schrader M, Kim D, Baik MH, Park Y, Chang S. Harnessing Secondary Coordination Sphere Interactions That Enable the Selective Amidation of Benzylic C–H Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15356-15366. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hoimin Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Malte Schrader
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Yoonsu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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Shim SY, Ryu DH. Enantioselective Carbonyl 1,2- or 1,4-Addition Reactions of Nucleophilic Silyl and Diazo Compounds Catalyzed by the Chiral Oxazaborolidinium Ion. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2349-2360. [PMID: 31314494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Boron Lewis acid catalysis has a long history and has become one of the most powerful methods for organic synthesis. In addition to achiral boron catalysts such as BX3 (X = F, Cl, Br) and B(C6F5)3, chiral boron catalysts are also significant synthetic tools used by organic chemists in academic laboratories and industry. Since first reported by Corey et al. in 2002 ( Corey et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002 , 124 , 3808 ), the chiral oxazaborolidinium ion (COBI), an activated form of proline-derived oxazaborolidine, has been used as a strong Lewis acid catalyst. Although the early examples of asymmetric synthesis through COBI-catalyzed nucleophilic 1,2- or 1,4-carbonyl additions were reported in 2004-2006, Diels-Alder and cycloaddition reactions of various carbonyl compounds were mostly developed over the next several years to afford enantioenriched cyclized products. The power of COBI in catalyzing carbonyl 1,2- or 1,4-addition reactions triggered our interest in developing asymmetric synthetic methodologies to generate versatile enantiomerically enriched compounds. In this Account, we summarize our recent studies on COBI-catalyzed asymmetric nucleophilic carbonyl addition and tandem reactions. Logical mechanistic explanations of asymmetric COBI catalysis are also discussed. The proton-activated COBI catalyst, which can activate various carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, acroleins, and enones through Lewis acid-base interactions and synergistic hydrogen bonds, facilitates asymmetric 1,2- or 1,4-carbonyl additions of nucleophiles. Nucleophiles bearing trialkylsilyl groups successfully reacted with aromatic, aliphatic, and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes through 1,2-addition reactions resulting in chiral β-hydroxy esters. In addition, efficient asymmetric hydrosilylation of ketones was achieved with a TfOH-activated COBI catalyst. Optically active β-keto esters and all-carbon quaternary aldehydes were synthesized successfully through asymmetric 1,2-addition of diazo compounds and tandem H- or C-migration, respectively. In some cases, epoxide products were obtained as side products via the Darzens reaction pathway. Solvent and π-π interactions played important roles in favoring C-migration over H-migration. Nucleophilic 1,4-addition of diazo compounds and chemoselective ring-closure afforded an efficient approach to cyclopropanes, and their tandem rearrangements provided four- and seven-membered cyclic compounds with excellent stereoselectivity. After a Michael addition of diazo compounds, the selective β-hydride shift pathway afforded the β-substituted cyclic enones with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The presence of π-bond(s) in the substituents at the α-position of the diazo compound hindered the β-hydride shift pathway and, as a result, favored the cyclopropanation pathway. While there still remain challenges to be overcome, these results further understanding of COBI catalysis and open a window for future development of new asymmetric synthetic methods using carbonyl addition and tandem reactions.
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Deepthi K, Amal RRB, Rajeev VR, Unni KNN, Gowd EB. Directed Assembly of Hierarchical Supramolecular Block Copolymers: A Strategy To Create Donor–Acceptor Charge-Transfer Stacks. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Deepthi
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | | | | | | | - E. Bhoje Gowd
- Academy of Scientific
and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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Chen C, Wu Y, Li H. Fine-Tuning Aromatic Stacking and Single-Crystal Photoluminescence Through Coordination Chemistry. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 100081 Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Stanford University; 443 Via Ortega 94305-4125 Stanford CA United States
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Beijing Institute of Technology; 100081 Beijing P. R. China
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Xing X, Zhao Y. Aromatically functionalized pseudo-crown ethers with unusual solvent response and enhanced binding properties. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 16:1627-1631. [PMID: 29446435 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00100f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conformational flexibility in the host's structure is often considered detrimental to its binding. Flexible pseudo-crown ethers with aromatic donor/acceptor groups at the chain ends, however, displayed enhanced binding affinity and selectivity, particularly when the direct binding interactions were compromised by unfavorable solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, USA.
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Ng AWH, Au‐Yeung HY. Molecular Links and Knots from Naphthalenediimide: A Balance of Weak Interactions. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:1602-1612. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Wing Hung Ng
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Ho Yu Au‐Yeung
- Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
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Wakchaure VC, Pillai LV, Goudappagouda G, Ranjeesh KC, Chakrabarty S, Ravindranathan S, Rajamohanan PR, Babu SS. Charge transfer liquid: a stable donor–acceptor interaction in the solvent-free liquid state. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:9371-9374. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03671g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A new charge transfer solvent-free liquid having high stability even with donor–acceptor ratio of 1000 : 1 is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Chandrakant Wakchaure
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | | | - Goudappagouda Goudappagouda
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Kayaramkodath Chandran Ranjeesh
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Suman Chakrabarty
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences JD Block
- Sector-III
- Kolkata-700 106
- India
| | - Sapna Ravindranathan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad-201 002
- India
- Central NMR Facility
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
| | - Pattuparambil R. Rajamohanan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
- Ghaziabad-201 002
- India
- Central NMR Facility
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
| | - Sukumaran Santhosh Babu
- Organic Chemistry Division
- National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL)
- Pune-411008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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