1
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Escayola S, Jimenez-Izal E, Matito E, Ugalde JM, Grande-Aztatzi R, Mercero JM. Unveiling the quantum secrets of triel metal triangles: a tale of stability, aromaticity, and relativistic effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12619-12627. [PMID: 38597590 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00484a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Low lying electronic states of Al3-, Ga3-, In3-, and Tl3- have been characterized using high level multiconfigurational quasi degenerate perturbation theory on the multiconfigurational self-consistent field. Among these species, the singlet states emerge as the predominant energy minima, displaying remarkable stability. However, within the Tl3- series, our investigation leads to the identification of the high-spin , as the most stable spin state, a result corroborated by previous experimental detection via photoelectron spectroscopy. Similarly, we have also identified the singlet state of In3- as the signal detected previously experimentally. By applying Mandado's rules and an array of aromaticity indicators, it is conclusively demonstrated that both the singlet and quintet states exhibit multiple-fold aromaticity, while the triplets exhibit conflicting aromaticity. Furthermore, this investigation highlights the significant impact of relativistic effects, as they enhance the stability of the state relative to its singlet counterpart. These findings shed new light on the electronic structures and properties of these ions, offering valuable insights into their chemical behavior and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Escayola
- Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis and Department of Chemistry, University of Girona, C/M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
| | - Elisa Jimenez-Izal
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Eduard Matito
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Jesus M Ugalde
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Rafael Grande-Aztatzi
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jose M Mercero
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain.
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
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2
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Wang MH, Kalita AJ, Orozco-Ic M, Yan GR, Chen C, Yan B, Castillo-Toraya G, Tiznado W, Guha AK, Pan S, Merino G, Cui ZH. Planar pentacoordinate s-block metals. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8785-8791. [PMID: 37621437 PMCID: PMC10445469 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05939h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of a delocalized π-bond is often considered an essential criterion for achieving planar hypercoordination. Herein, we show that σ-delocalization could be sufficient to make the planar configuration the most stable isomer in a series of planar pentacoordinate s-block metals. High-level ab initio computations reveal that the global minimum of a series of interalkali and interalkali-alkaline earth clusters (LiNa5, Li5Mg+, Na5Mg+, K5Ca+, CaRb5+, Rb5Sr+, and SrCs5+) adopts a singlet D5h structure with a planar pentacoordinate lithium or alkaline earth metal (AE = Mg, Ca, Sr). These clusters are unusual combinations to stabilize a planar pentacoordinate atom, as all their constituents are electropositive. Despite the absence of π-electrons, Hückel's rule is fulfilled by the six σ-electrons. Furthermore, the systems exhibit a diatropic ring current in response to an external magnetic field and a strong magnetic shielding, so they might be classified as σ-aromatic. Therefore, multicenter σ-bonds and the resulting σ-delocalization stabilize these clusters, even though they lack π-aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hui Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University Panbazar Guwahati Assam 781001 India
| | - Mesías Orozco-Ic
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) 20018 Donostia Euskadi Spain
| | - Gai-Ru Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Gabriela Castillo-Toraya
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310 Mérida Yucatan Mexico
| | - William Tiznado
- Centro de Química Teórica & Computacional (CQT&C), Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello Avenida República 275 Santiago Chile
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University Panbazar Guwahati Assam 781001 India
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Mérida. Km 6 Antigua Carretera a Progreso. Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310 Mérida Yucatan Mexico
| | - Zhong-Hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), Jilin University Changchun 130023 China
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3
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Mercero JM, Grande-Aztatzi R, Ugalde JM, Piris M. Natural orbital functional theory studies of all-metal aromaticity: The Al 3−anion. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiq.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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4
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Kalita AJ, Baruah I, Sarmah K, Borah RR, Yashmin F, Guha AK. Planar Pentacoordinate Zinc Group Elements Stabilized by Multicentric Bonds. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:1259-1263. [PMID: 35007083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Planar pentacoordinate zinc group elements, (M = Zn, Cd, Hg) were computationally found to be at a global minimum in Li5M+ clusters. The stability of these clusters is due to the presence of multicentric bonds. The central element (Zn, Cd, Hg) in each cluster features a negative oxidation state owing to the in-plane electron donation by the Li5+ framework. A similar global minimum planar pentacoordinate structure is found in Na5Zn+ and Na5Cd+ clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan J Kalita
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India
| | - Indrani Baruah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India
| | - Kangkan Sarmah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India
| | - Ritam R Borah
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India
| | - Farnaz Yashmin
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India
| | - Ankur K Guha
- Advanced Computational Chemistry Centre, Department of Chemistry, Cotton University, Panbazar, Guwahati 781001, Assam, India
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5
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Zhao LJ, Yan ST, Xu HG, Xu XL, Zheng WJ. Observation of Aromatic Three-Membered Rings in Ge 3C and Ge 3O via Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Calculations. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16645-16651. [PMID: 34661398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The structures and chemical bonding of Ge3C- and Ge3O- as well as their neutrals are explored with anion photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The vertical detachment energies of Ge3C- and Ge3O- are measured to be 1.51 ± 0.04 and 2.00 ± 0.04 eV, respectively. It is found that Ge3C-/0 have a C2v symmetric planar structure with the C atom interacting with three Ge atoms. Ge3O-/0 have the O atom interacting with two Ge atoms of the triangular Ge3 unit. Ge3O- has a Cs symmetric nonplanar structure, while Ge3O has a C2v symmetric planar structure. Theoretical results show that the multiconfigurational effects in Ge3C-/0 and Ge3O-/0 are insignificant. Chemical bonding analyses reveal that there exist the C-Ge3 π⊥ orbital interaction and two π aromatic Ge2C units in Ge3C. There are O-Ge3 π⊥ orbital interaction and one doubly aromatic Ge3 unit in Ge3O, but the π⊥ orbital interaction is relatively weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai-Ting Yan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Kulichenko M, Chen WJ, Zhang YY, Xu CQ, Li J, Wang LS. Double σ-Aromaticity in a Planar Zinc-Doped Gold Cluster: Au 9Zn . J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4606-4613. [PMID: 34014680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The strong relativistic effects result in many interesting chemical and physical properties for gold and gold compounds. One of the most surprising findings has been that small gold clusters prefer planar structures. Dopants can be used to tune the electronic and structural properties of gold nanoclusters. Here we report an experimental and theoretical investigation of a Zn-doped gold cluster, Au9Zn-. Photoelectron spectroscopy reveals that Au9Zn- is a highly stable electronic system with an electron binding energy of 4.27 eV. Quantum chemical studies show that the global minimum of Au9Zn- has a D3h structure with a closed-shell electron configuration (1A1'), which can be viewed as replacing the central Au atom by Zn in the open-shell parent Au10- cluster. The high electronic stability of Au9Zn- is corroborated by its extremely large HOMO-LUMO gap of 3.3 eV. Chemical bonding analyses revealed that the D3h Au9Zn- are bonded by two sets of delocalized σ bonds, giving rise to double σ aromaticity and its remarkable stability. Two planar low-lying isomers are also observed, corresponding to a similar triangular structure with the Zn atom on the edge and another one with one of the corner Au atoms moved to the edge of the triangle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Kulichenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Wei-Jia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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7
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Isaac Moreira E, Brito B, Hai GQ, Cândido L. A quantum Monte Carlo study of the structural and electronic properties of small boron clusters Bn (n=1,…,13). Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Li G, Meng L, Zhang H, Li X, Zeng Y. Electronic structure of triangular M 3 (M = B, Al, Ga): nonclassical three-center two electron π bond and σ delocalization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:18071-18077. [PMID: 32760940 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02594a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The small molecule clusters have received more and more attention due to their widespread applications in chemical insulators, explosives, semiconductors and the high energy density materials industry. The electron deficiency of group IIIA elements endows their clusters with interesting properties. In this work, the electronic structures of M3 (M = B, Al, Ga) have been investigated by means of a complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method. The nature of the chemical bond has been analyzed using the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and electron localization function (ELF) analyses. The following conclusions can be drawn: in M3 (M = B, Al, Ga) clusters, two π electrons are shared by three atoms forming a 3c-2e delocalization π bond. Going from B3 to Al3 to Ga3, more and more electrons move from the bond pair to the outside of the M atom, which leads to a gradual enhancement of the delocalization of σ electrons. Aromaticity and the adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) analyses reveal the existence of the 3c-2e π bond and delocalization of σ electrons in the studied systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Li
- Institute of Computational Quantum Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Material Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, P. R. China.
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9
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Sweeny BC, Ard SG, Viggiano AA, Sawyer JC, McDonald Ii DC, Shuman NS. Thermal Kinetics of Al n- + O 2 ( n = 2-30): Measurable Reactivity of Al 13. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6123-6129. [PMID: 31251615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mass-selected aluminum anion clusters, Aln-, were reacted with O2. Rate constants (300 K) for 2 < n < 30 and product branching fractions for 2 < n < 17 are reported. Reactivity is strongly anticorrelated to Aln- electron binding energy (EBE). Al13- reacts more slowly than predicted by EBE but notably is not inert, reacting at a measurable 0.05% efficiency (2.5 ± 1.5 × 10-13 cm3 s-1). Al6- is also an outlier, reacting more slowly than expected after accounting for other factors, suggesting that high symmetry increases stability. Implications of observed Al13- reactivity, contributions of both electronic shell-closing and geometric homogeneity to Aln- resistance to O2 etching, and future directions to more fully unravel the reaction mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan C Sweeny
- NRC postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate , Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque , New Mexico 87117 , United States
| | - Shaun G Ard
- Institute for Scientific Research , Boston College , Boston , Massachusetts 02467 , United States
| | - Albert A Viggiano
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate , Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque , New Mexico 87117 , United States
| | - Jordan C Sawyer
- NRC postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate , Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque , New Mexico 87117 , United States
| | - David C McDonald Ii
- NRC postdoc at Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate , Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque , New Mexico 87117 , United States
| | - Nicholas S Shuman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate , Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque , New Mexico 87117 , United States
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10
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Isaac Moreira EM, Brito BGA, Higino Damasceno J, Teixeira Rabelo JN, Hai GQ, Cândido L. Quantum Monte Carlo study of the electron binding energies and aromaticity of small neutral and charged boron clusters. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:214303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5054575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Isaac Moreira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - B. G. A. Brito
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais e Educação (ICENE), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - J. Higino Damasceno
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológica, Universidade Federal de Jataí, 75801-615 Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - G.-Q. Hai
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - L. Cândido
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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11
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The values of ΔfG°T(Aln) (n = 3–10 atoms, T ≤ 3000 K), determined using the ROCBS-QB3 values of S°T(Aln) and of the corrected values of ΔfH°T(Aln). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Liu C, Popov IA, Chen Z, Boldyrev AI, Sun Z. Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Zintl Clusters. Chemistry 2018; 24:14583-14597. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials Center Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Ivan A. Popov
- Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA
| | - Zhongfang Chen
- Department of Chemistry Institute for Functional Nanomaterials University of Puerto Rico San Juan USA
| | - Alexander I. Boldyrev
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University 0300 Old Main Hill Logan UT 84322-0300 USA
| | - Zhong‐Ming Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Rare Earth and Inorganic Functional Materials Center Nankai University Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
- China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
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13
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Re-evaluation of the standard thermochemical properties of the Al 2 cluster on the basis of CBS thermochemistry of isogyric reactions and correlation dependencies. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Yang H, Wu D, He HM, Yu D, Li Y, Li ZR. The behavior of the aluminum trimer when combining with different superatom clusters. RSC Adv 2018; 8:6667-6674. [PMID: 35540389 PMCID: PMC9078306 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12852e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the aluminum trimer and representative (super)halogens X (X = F, LiF2, BeF3, BF4) and (super)alkalis M (M = Li, FLi2, OLi3, NLi4) has been theoretically investigated at the MP2/6-311+(3df) level. Various geometrical structures were obtained for the resulting Al3-X and Al3-M superatom compounds, respectively. Natural bond orbital analysis reveals that the Al3 moiety exists in a cationic state in Al3-X while in an anionic state in Al3-M compounds. And the charge transfer between Al3 and (super)atoms is found to be enhanced in either polar or nonpolar solvent. The studied superatom compounds feature large bond energies, binding energies, and HOMO-LUMO gaps, which not only reflect their stability but indicate strong interactions between Al3 and (super)atoms. Although the solvent effect is not significant for the stability of Al3-X, the Al3-superalkali compounds can be better stabilized in the presence of solvent molecules. In addition, these superatom compounds exhibit aromaticity both in the gas phase and in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Hui-Min He
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Dan Yu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ru Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
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15
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Pham HT, Nguyen MT. Aromaticity of Some Metal Clusters: A Different View from Magnetic Ring Current. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1378-1391. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan Pham
- Computational
Chemistry Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Computational
Chemistry Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam
- Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, 70000 Vietnam
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Loukhovitski BI, Sharipov AS, Starik AM. Quantum chemical study of small Al n B m clusters: Structure and physical properties. Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Zhu H, Cao T, Zhang Q, Liang X, Suo B, Zou W, Han H, Huang Y, Li J. All-Metal Aromatic Sandwich Binuclear Complexes: Electronic Structures, Aromaticity and Interactions with Hydrogen via Multicenter Bonds. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Zhu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Qiyan Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Ximin Liang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Bingbing Suo
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wenli Zou
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Huixian Han
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yixuan Huang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Northwest University; Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Theoretical Physics Frontiers; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jianfu Li
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics; Linyi University; 276005 China
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18
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Pham HT, Ngo LQ, Pham-Ho MP, Nguyen MT. Theoretical Study of Small Scandium-Doped Silver Clusters ScAgn with n = 1–7: σ-Aromatic Feature. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7964-7972. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b08080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan Pham
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology (ICST), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Loc Quang Ngo
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology (ICST), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - My Phuong Pham-Ho
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology (ICST), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department
of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Higino Damasceno J, Teixeira Rabelo JN, Cândido L. Electron Correlation Effects in All-Metal Aromatic Clusters: A Quantum Monte Carlo Study. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:7442-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Higino Damasceno
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás/Regional Jataı́, Regional Jataí BR 364, Km
195, 75801-615 Jataí, Goiás Brazil
| | | | - Ladir Cândido
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
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20
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Barman N, Banerjee S, Brandão P, Bauzá A, Frontera A, Saha A. Anion-dependent structural diversity of cadmium(II) complexes: synthesis, crystal structures, luminescence properties, and unusual C-H/σ supramolecular interactions involving σ-aromatic M2X2 cores. J COORD CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2016.1173205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Barman
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Saikat Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Paula Brandão
- TEMA−NRD, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Antonio Bauzá
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les IllesBalears, Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química, Universitat de les IllesBalears, Palma (Baleares), Spain
| | - Amrita Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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21
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El Bakouri O, Duran M, Poater J, Feixas F, Solà M. Octahedral aromaticity in 2S+1A1g X6q clusters (X = Li–C and Be–Si, S = 0–3, and q = −2 to +4). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:11700-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07011b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Octahedral aromaticity was found in most clusters of formula X6q (X = Li–C and Be–Si) with q = −2 to +4 and spin states ranging from the singlet to the septet that have electronic configurations of closed-shells or open shells half-filled with the same spin electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouissam El Bakouri
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17071 Girona
- Spain
| | - Miquel Duran
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17071 Girona
- Spain
| | - Jordi Poater
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- NL-1081HV Amsterdam
- The Netherlands
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Departament de Química Orgànica
| | - Ferran Feixas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17071 Girona
- Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química
- Universitat de Girona
- 17071 Girona
- Spain
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22
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Boldyrev AI, Wang LS. Beyond organic chemistry: aromaticity in atomic clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:11589-605. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07465g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We describe joint experimental and theoretical studies carried out collaboratively in the authors' labs for understanding the structures and chemical bonding of novel atomic clusters, which exhibit aromaticity.
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23
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López-Estrada O, Orgaz E. Theoretical Study of the Spin Competition in Small-Sized Al Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11941-8. [PMID: 26583532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b09871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Stern-Gerlach (SG) experiments on aluminum clusters indicate that some small-sized aggregates exhibit a deflection signal consistent with the existence of magnetic moments. However, in the particular case of Al6 and Al8 clusters, electronic structure investigations show ambiguity on the 0 K ground spin state. In this work extensive computations of the electronic structure have been carried out in order to determine the ground state of these structures. Electron correlation has been introduced at MP2, MP4, and CCSD(T) theory level as well as by DFT computations with different density functionals. DFT-based Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics results at different simulation temperatures complete this investigation. One of our main conclusions is that singlet spin states are systematically the more stable configuration at 0 K. These Al clusters exhibit almost degenerate electronic structures at singlet and triplet spin states. The geometries are similar, and the paths connecting both structures allow an intersystem crossing through a spin-orbit coupling mechanism, indicating a dynamical interchange of both spin states at finite temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar López-Estrada
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cd. Universitaria, CP 04510 México, D.F., México
| | - Emilio Orgaz
- Departamento de Física y Química Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Cd. Universitaria, CP 04510 México, D.F., México
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24
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Santos JC, Andres J, Aizman A, Fuentealba P. An Aromaticity Scale Based on the Topological Analysis of the Electron Localization Function Including σ and π Contributions. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 1:83-6. [PMID: 26641119 DOI: 10.1021/ct0499276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the average bifurcation value of the electron localization function (ELF) of both σ (ELFσ) and π (ELFπ) contributions was used to construct an aromaticity scale for chemical compounds. We have validated the scale with a series of well-known molecules and then used it to evaluate global aromaticity on aluminum based clusters, which present σ aromaticity and π antiaromaticity. The proposed scaled predicts an overall antiaromatic character for the Al4(4)(-) moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Santos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Casilla 110V, Valparaíso, Chile, Departament de Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I, Apartat 224, 12080, Castelló, Spain, and Departamento de Física, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Andres
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Casilla 110V, Valparaíso, Chile, Departament de Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I, Apartat 224, 12080, Castelló, Spain, and Departamento de Física, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
| | - Arie Aizman
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Casilla 110V, Valparaíso, Chile, Departament de Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I, Apartat 224, 12080, Castelló, Spain, and Departamento de Física, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Fuentealba
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Casilla 110V, Valparaíso, Chile, Departament de Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume I, Apartat 224, 12080, Castelló, Spain, and Departamento de Física, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile
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25
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Mercero JM, Boldyrev AI, Merino G, Ugalde JM. Recent developments and future prospects of all-metal aromatic compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6519-34. [PMID: 26058731 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00341e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The usefulness of aromaticity/antiaromaticity concepts to foresee structural stability patterns and salient features of the electronic structure of small inorganic and all-metal rings has been put forward. A critical revision of the advances made in the theoretical methods to assess the aromaticity/antiaromaticity of these compounds has also been made. In particular, the performance of local versus non-local indices has been reviewed. Finally, the passivation of these rings has been put forward as a key issue in order to prevent them from collapsing into larger aggregates and to provide them protection against the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Mercero
- IZO-SGI SGiker, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
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26
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Mercero JM, Matito E, Ruipérez F, Infante I, Lopez X, Ugalde JM. The Electronic Structure of the Al3(-) Anion: Is it Aromatic? Chemistry 2015; 21:9610-4. [PMID: 26046546 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiconfigurational high-level electronic structure calculations show that the Al3(-) ring-like cluster anion has three close low-lying electronic states of different spin, all of them having strong multiconfigurational character. The aromaticity of the cluster has, therefore, been studied by means of total electron delocalization and normalized multicenter electron delocalization indices evaluated from the multiconfigurational wave functions of each state. The lowest-lying singlet and triplet states are found to be highly aromatic, whereas the next lowest-lying state, the quintet state, has much less, though non-negligible, aromatic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Mercero
- IZO-SGI SGiker, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) (Spain).
| | - Eduard Matito
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Euskadi (Spain).,Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain)
| | - Fernando Ruipérez
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain)
| | - Ivan Infante
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam (The Netherlands).,Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain)
| | - Xabier Lopez
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain)
| | - Jesus M Ugalde
- Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P.K. 1072, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi (Spain)
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27
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Peverati R, Bera PP, Lee TJ, Head-Gordon M. Formation and Stability of C6H3+ Isomers. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:10109-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5081862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Peverati
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Partha P. Bera
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute, 625 Second Street Ste 209, Petaluma, California 94952, United States
| | | | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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28
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Shao P, Kuang XY, Ding LP, Zhong MM, Zhao YR. Probing the structural and electronic properties of small aluminum dideuteride clusters. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 53:168-178. [PMID: 25155317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of deuterium on the neutral and anionic Aln(λ) (n=1-9, 13; λ=0, -1) clusters has been investigated systematically using density functional theory. The comparisons between the Franck-Condon factor simulated spectra and the measured photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) of Cui and co-workers help to search for the ground-state structures. The results showed that D2 molecule tends to be dissociated on aluminum clusters and forms the radial AlD bond with one aluminum atom. By studying the evolution of the binding energies, second difference energies and HOMO-LUMO gaps as a function of cluster size, we found Al2D2, Al6D2 and Al7D2(̄) clusters have the stronger relative stability and enhanced chemical stability. Also, considering the larger adsorption energies of these three clusters, we surmised that Al2, Al6 and Al7(̄) may be the better candidates for dissociative adsorption of D2 molecule among the clusters we studied. Furthermore, the natural population analysis (NPA) and difference electron density were performed and discussed to probe into the localization of the charges and reliable charge-transfer information in AlnD2 and AlnD2(̄) clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shao
- College of Science, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian 710021, China.
| | - Xiao-Yu Kuang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Li-Ping Ding
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ming-Min Zhong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ya-Ru Zhao
- Department of Physics and Information Technology, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721016, China
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29
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Tam NM, Pham HT, Nguyen MT. Ring currents in silicon tetramer (Si4, Si42+) and planar tetracoordinate carbon doped cluster Si4C2+: σ versus π aromaticity. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Hatanaka M, Saito M, Fujita M, Morokuma K. σ-Aromaticity in Hexa-Group 16 Atom-Substituted Benzene Dications: A Theoretical Study. J Org Chem 2014; 79:2640-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo500098h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miho Hatanaka
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Masaichi Saito
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujita
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Keiji Morokuma
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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31
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Díaz-Cervantes E, Poater J, Robles J, Swart M, Solà M. Unraveling the Origin of the Relative Stabilities of Group 14 M2N22+ (M, N = C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb) Isomer Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:10462-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406071d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Díaz-Cervantes
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, Gto. 36050 Guanajuato, México
| | - Jordi Poater
- Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juvencio Robles
- Departamento
de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, Noria Alta s/n, Gto. 36050 Guanajuato, México
| | - Marcel Swart
- Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química
Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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32
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Paranthaman S, Hong K, Kim J, Kim DE, Kim TK. Density Functional Theory Assessment of Molecular Structures and Energies of Neutral and Anionic Aln (n = 2–10) Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:9293-303. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4074398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selvarengan Paranthaman
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
- Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiryong Hong
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghan Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Eon Kim
- Max Planck Center for Attosecond Science, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Physics and Center for Attosecond Science and Techology, POSTECH, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyu Kim
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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33
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Kiohara VO, Carvalho EF, Paschoal CW, Machado FB, Roberto-Neto O. DFT and CCSD(T) electronic properties and structures of aluminum clusters: Alnx (n=1–9, x=0, ±1). Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Melko JJ, Castleman AW. Photoelectron imaging of small aluminum clusters: quantifying s–p hybridization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:3173-8. [PMID: 23340689 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp43158d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Melko
- Departments of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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35
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Wang SJ, Li Y, Wu D, Wang YF, Li ZR. Quantum Mechanical Design and Structures of Hexanuclear Sandwich Complex and Its Multidecker Sandwich Clusters (Li6)n([18]Annulene)n+1 (n = 1–3). J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:9189-96. [DOI: 10.1021/jp306749a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jian Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Yin-Feng Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Institute
of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi 343009,
China
| | - Zhi-Ru Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Theoretical
and Computational Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
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36
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Zhong MM, Kuang XY, Wang ZH, Shao P, Ding LP. Probing the structural and electronic properties of aluminum-sulfur Al n S m (2 ≤ n + m ≤ 6) clusters and their oxides. J Mol Model 2012; 19:263-74. [PMID: 22872417 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Min Zhong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
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37
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Foroutan-Nejad C. Al4(2-); the anion-π interactions and aromaticity in the presence of counter ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:9738-48. [PMID: 22684037 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40511c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The influence of presence of counter ions and π-complexation with benzene on the bonding and magnetic properties of Al(4)(2-), the most studied all-metal cluster, is studied here. It is shown that complexation by either counter ions or benzene decreases the delocalization index between Al atoms and the magnitude of bond magnetizability, that is a Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules, QTAIM, -based magnetic index of aromaticity. Benzene forms two types of π-complexes with the Al(4) framework; CH-π (T-shaped) complexes and parallel π-π stacking (PPS) complexes. It is shown that variation in the π-charge of the Al(4) framework affects the relative stability of the T-shaped/PPS complexes. Free Al(4)(2-) forms a stable T-shaped anion-π complex with benzene but in the presence of cations, formation of PPS complexes is more favourable, energetically. It is suggested that this property could be used for designing molecular switches and tuneable anion sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cina Foroutan-Nejad
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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38
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Ouyang Y, Wang P, Xiang P, Chen H, Du Y. Density-functional theory study of Aln and Aln−1Mg (n=2–17) clusters. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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39
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Islas R, Poater J, Matito E, Solà M. Molecular structures of M2N22− (M and N = B, Al, and Ga) clusters using the gradient embedded genetic algorithm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14850-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp42210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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LI XIANGYUAN, FU KEXIANG. CONTINUOUS MEDIUM THEORY FOR NONEQUILIBRIUM SOLVATION: NEW FORMULATIONS AND AN OVERVIEW OF THEORIES AND APPLICATIONS. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633605001830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- XIANG-YUAN LI
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - KE-XIANG FU
- College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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41
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Tai TB, Kadłubański P, Roszak S, Majumdar D, Leszczynski J, Nguyen MT. Electronic Structures and Thermochemical Properties of the Small Silicon-Doped Boron Clusters BnSi (n=1-7) and Their Anions. Chemphyschem 2011; 12:2948-58. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 08/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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42
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Muñoz-Castro A. Bonding and Magnetic Response Properties of Several Toroid Structures. Insights of the Role of Ni2S2 as a Building Block from Relativistic Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:10789-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jp2028438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Doctorado en Fisico-Quimica Molecular, Relativistic Molecular Physics (ReMoPh) group, Universidad Andres Bello, Republica 275, Santiago, Chile
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Relativistic calculations of aminotroponiminate complexes containing group 15 (P, As, Sb, Bi) elements. Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2010.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chakraborty A, Giri S, Duley S, Anoop A, Bultinck P, Chattaraj PK. Aromaticity in all-metal annular systems: the counter-ion effect. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:14865-78. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21430f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Poater J, Feixas F, Bickelhaupt FM, Solà M. All-metal aromatic clusters M42− (M = B, Al, and Ga). Are π-electrons distortive or not? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:20673-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22759a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Pino I, Kroes GJ, van Hemert MC. Hydrogen dissociation on small aluminum clusters. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:184304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3502493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Melko JJ, Ong SV, Gupta U, Reveles JU, D’Emidio J, Khanna SN, Castleman A. Resilient aromaticity in lead–indium clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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A theoretical survey on the structures, energetics, and isomerization pathways of the B5O radical. J Comput Chem 2010; 32:771-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2009] [Revised: 07/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Aromaticity and electronic delocalization in all-metal clusters with single, double, and triple aromatic character. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0805-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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