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Chen Z, Liu H, Lin X, Mei X, Lyu W, Liao Y. Competitive proton-trapping strategy enhanced anti-freezing organohydrogel fibers for high-strain-sensitivity wearable sensors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3569-3581. [PMID: 37306627 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00459g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable organohydrogel fibers are attracting considerable interest for next-generation flexible and wearable soft strain sensors due to their excellent stability in harsh environments. However, due to the uniformly distributed ions and reduced number of carriers in the whole material, the sensitivity of organohydrogel fibers under subzero temperature is not desirable, which significantly hinders their practical application. Herein, a newly competitive proton-trapping strategy was designed to obtain anti-freezing organohydrogel fibers for high-performance wearable strain sensors via a simple freezing-thawing process, in which tetraaniline (TANI), serving as the proton trapper, and representing the shortest repeated structural unit of polyaniline (PANI), was physically crosslinked with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (PTOH). The as-prepared PTOH fiber exhibited an outstanding sensing performance at -40 °C due to the unevenly distributed ion carriers and the highly breakable proton-migration pathways, with a high gauge factor of 24.6 at a strain of 200-300%. Moreover, the existence of hydrogen bonds between the TANI and PVA chains endowed PTOH with a high tensile strength (1.96 MPa) and toughness (8.0 MJ m-3). Accordingly, strain sensors made from PTOH fibers and knitted textiles could monitor human motions rapidly and sensitively, demonstrating their potential as wearable anti-freezing anisotropic strain sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujun Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - He Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xinyiming Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xianming Mei
- Tengfei Technology Limited Company, Kunshan, 215000, China
| | - Wei Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yaozu Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Wang S, Zhao Y, Ma J, Bai C, Zhang H, Ren Y. Phosphomolybdic acid-modified polyaniline nanowires with abundant acidic sites for efficient photocatalytic reduction of nitrate to nitrogen in water. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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3
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Kim K, Min J, Lee M, Sim G, Oh SS, Park MJ. Porous charged polymer nanosheets formed via microplastic removal from frozen ice for virus filtration and detection. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:17157-17162. [PMID: 36301119 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04479j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We developed a method for producing porous charged polymer nanosheets using frozen ice containing microplastics. Upon assessing SARS-CoV-2 filtration using nanosheets with 100 nm-sized pores, a high rejection rate of 96% was achieved. The charged surfaces of nanosheets further enabled the electrophoretic capture of the virus using a portable battery with additional real-time sensing capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungwook Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jaemin Min
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Minjong Lee
- Department of Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Geunhong Sim
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Soo Oh
- Department of Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Jeong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
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Wan HY, Chen YT, Li GT, Wu HC, Huang TC, Yang TI. Electroactive aniline tetramer-spider silks with conductive and electrochromic functionality. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21946-21956. [PMID: 36043065 PMCID: PMC9364158 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01065h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroactive aniline tetramer-spider silk composite fibers with high conductivity and mechanical strength were developed using a dip coating method. The fabricated spider silk composite fibers retain the high mechanical strength (0.92 GPa) and unique reversible relaxation-contraction behavior of spider dragline silks. The aniline tetramer modified on the silk surface imparted electroactive properties to the composite fibers. The color of aniline tetramer/spider silk composite fibers could be controlled by applying different pH values and voltages. Furthermore, the composite fiber's resistivity could reach 186 Ω m which can conduct electrical current to light LEDs. This study could provide a valuable guideline for developing highly-conductive electrochromic spider silks for use in E-textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yu Wan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung-Yuan Christian University Taoyuan Taiwan +886 3 2654199 +886 3 2654149
| | - Yi-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung-Yuan Christian University Taoyuan Taiwan +886 3 2654199 +886 3 2654149
| | - Guan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung-Yuan Christian University Taoyuan Taiwan +886 3 2654199 +886 3 2654149
| | - Hsuan-Chen Wu
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tsao-Cheng Huang
- Technical Department Plastics Division, Formosa Plastics Corporation 814538 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Ta-I Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung-Yuan Christian University Taoyuan Taiwan +886 3 2654199 +886 3 2654149
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Scotland KM, Strong OK, Parnis JM, Vreugdenhil AJ. DFT modeling of polyaniline: a computational investigation into the structure and band gap of polyaniline. CAN J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2021-0169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The band gaps of three forms of polyaniline (PANI) are calculated using the DFT method with the B3LYP functional and SV(P) basis set. This marks the first time that the band gap for this polymer has been calculated using this DFT method. The calculations include an investigation of the effect of varying the benzoid–quinoid structural units, the effect of increasing oligomer length, and the inclusion of Michael’s addition structures, which could be residual in the polymer depending on the chosen synthetic method. All results were compared with the experimentally determined band gap of 1.5 eV as typically reported in the literature. A commonly used structural motif of alternating benzoid–quinoid units and a ratio of 0.5:0.5 benzoid–quinoid resulted in a computed band gap of 1.9 eV. Inclusion of one extra quinoid unit gave rise to a band gap of 1.3 eV. Incorporation of a Michael’s addition structure was found to dominate the band gap calculation, yielding a localized LUMO and a band gap of 1.3 eV that was insensitive to the polymer chain length and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M. Scotland
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Oliver K.L. Strong
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - J. Mark Parnis
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Vreugdenhil
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Science Program, Trent University, Materials Science Program, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
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Abstract
The present short review discusses the computational studies carried out on polyacetylene (PAc), polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), and other conducting polymers for predicting their electronic, optoelectronic and structural properties. Studies...
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Jadhav S, Jaspal D. Elimination of cationic azodye from aqueous media using doped polyaniline (PANI): adsorption optimization and modeling. CAN J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2020-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An adsorbent doped polyaniline (PANI) has been explored for the elimination of a cationic azodye, basic red 46 (BR-46), from textile effluent. Essential factors from batch mode have been studied to investigate their effect on the removal of BR-46. The investigated data have been applied to two prevalent adsorption isothermal models (i.e., Langmuir and Freundlich). In addition to the coefficients of determination, six different statistical error functions have been used to identify the most appropriate model for the existing process. The Langmuir model has been shown to be the best adsorption isotherm with minimum error values and a high coefficient of determination value (R2 > 0.999). The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity observed was 1.83 × 10−4 mol g−1 at 50 °C. Thermodynamic parameters of Gibb’s free energy, enthalpy, and entropy were found to be –30.06 KJ mol−1, 374 J mol−1, and 97.25 J mol−1 K−1, respectively. The positive values of enthalpy and entropy indicate the process to be endothermic. The amount of the dye adsorbed increased from 1.02 to 5.42 × 10−5 g in moving from 30 to 50 °C. The measured energy of activation was 17.467 kJ mol−1. The maximum percent removal of BR-46 from wastewater has been 93% at pH 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Jadhav
- Symbiosis Institute of Technology (SIT), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Gram: Lavale, Tal-Mulshi, Maharashtra, Pune 412115, India; Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering for Women, Pune 411043, India
| | - Dipika Jaspal
- Symbiosis Institute of Technology (SIT), Symbiosis International (Deemed University) (SIU), Gram: Lavale, Tal-Mulshi, Maharashtra, Pune 412115, India
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8
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Ji X, Leng M, Xie H, Wang C, Dunbar KR, Zou Y, Fang L. Extraordinary electrochemical stability and extended polaron delocalization of ladder-type polyaniline-analogous polymers. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12737-12745. [PMID: 34094469 PMCID: PMC8163260 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical stability and delocalization of states critically impact the functions and practical applications of electronically active polymers. Incorporation of a ladder-type constitution into these polymers represents a promising strategy to enhance the aforementioned properties from a fundamental structural perspective. A series of ladder-type polyaniline-analogous polymers are designed as models to test this hypothesis and are synthesized through a facile and scalable route. Chemical and electrochemical interconversions between the fully oxidized pernigraniline state and the fully reduced leucoemeraldine state are both achieved in a highly reversible and robust manner. The protonated pernigraniline form of the ladder polymer exhibits unprecedented electrochemical stability under highly acidic and oxidative conditions, enabling the access of a near-infrared light-absorbing material with extended polaron delocalization in the solid-state. An electrochromic device composed of this ladder polymer shows distinct switching between UV- and near-infrared-absorbing states with a remarkable cyclability, meanwhile tolerating a wide operating window of 4 volts. Taken together, these results demonstrate the principle of employing a ladder-type backbone constitution to impart superior electrochemical properties into electronically active polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Mingwan Leng
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Haomiao Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Kim R Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
| | - Yang Zou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843-3255 USA
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9
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Sun Y, Song W, Gao F, Wang X, Luo X, Guo J, Zhang B, Shi J, Cheng C, Liu Q, Li S. In Situ Conformal Coating of Polyaniline on GaN Microwires for Ultrafast, Self-Driven Heterojunction Ultraviolet Photodetectors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:13473-13480. [PMID: 32072809 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Independent and zero-maintenance systems would be in urgent need in the near future internet of things. Here, we present high-performance, self-driven organic/inorganic heterojunction ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) by in situ polymerization of polyaniline (PANI) on Gallium nitride microwires. The GaN microwires with a high crystalline quality are grown on patterned Si substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Using a facile in situ chemical polymerization method, PANI is conformally coated on the surface of GaN microwires. The constructed GaN/PANI hybrid microwire PD exhibits a high responsivity of 178 mA/W, a remarkable detectivity of 4.67 × 1014 jones, and an ultrafast UV photoresponse speed (rise time of 0.2 ms and fall time of 0.3 ms) under zero bias. The intimate heterojunction in the form of N-Ga-N bonds between GaN and PANI may account for the observed high performances. The presented self-driven microwire UV PDs featuring ultrahigh-speed (sub-millisecond) response to UV light may find applications in future nano/micro-photosensor networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Song
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
- College of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, 22 Dongcheng Village, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangliang Gao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfu Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjun Luo
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Guo
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Bolin Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Shi
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Cheng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuti Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, People's Republic of China
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Scotto J, Marmisollé WA, Posadas D. About the capacitive currents in conducting polymers: the case of polyaniline. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04291-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Ren G, Zhang BY, Yao Q, Zavabeti A, Huertas CS, Brkljača R, Khan MW, Nili H, Datta RS, Khan H, Jannat A, Walia S, Haque F, O'Dell LA, Wang Y, Zhu L, Mitchell A, Ou JZ. An Ultrasensitive Silicon Photonic Ion Sensor Enabled by 2D Plasmonic Molybdenum Oxide. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1805251. [PMID: 30677221 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201805251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silicon photonics has demonstrated great potential in ultrasensitive biochemical sensing. However, it is challenging for such sensors to detect small ions which are also of great importance in many biochemical processes. A silicon photonic ion sensor enabled by an ionic dopant-driven plasmonic material is introduced here. The sensor consists of a microring resonator (MRR) coupled with a 2D restacked layer of near-infrared plasmonic molybdenum oxide. When the 2D plasmonic layer interacts with ions from the environment, a strong change in the refractive index results in a shift in the MRR resonance wavelength and simultaneously the alteration of plasmonic absorption leads to the modulation of MRR transmission power, hence generating dual sensing outputs which is unique to other optical ion sensors. Proof-of-concept via a pH sensing model is demonstrated, showing up to 7 orders improvement in sensitivity per unit area across the range from 1 to 13 compared to those of other optical pH sensors. This platform offers the unique potential for ultrasensitive and robust measurement of changes in ionic environment, generating new modalities for on-chip chemical sensors in the micro/nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ren
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Bao Yue Zhang
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Qifeng Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Ali Zavabeti
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Jiangjun Ave., Nanjing, 211100, Nanjing, China
| | - Cesar S Huertas
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Robert Brkljača
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | | | - Hussein Nili
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Robi S Datta
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Hareem Khan
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Azmira Jannat
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Sumeet Walia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Farjana Haque
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Yichao Wang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Lianqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Measurement Technology and Instrument, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Arnan Mitchell
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Jian Zhen Ou
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia
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12
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Polyaniline doped ultrafiltration membranes: Mechanism of membrane formation and pH response characteristics. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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13
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Hun X, Li Y, Wang S, Li Y, Zhao J, Zhang H, Luo X. Photoelectrochemical platform for cancer cell glutathione detection based on polyaniline and nanoMoS2 composites modified gold electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 112:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Scotto J, Florit MI, Posadas D. About the species formed during the electrochemical half oxidation of polyaniline: Polaron-bipolaron equilibrium. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Lin CW, Li RL, Robbennolt S, Yeung MT, Akopov G, Kaner RB. Furthering Our Understanding of the Doping Mechanism in Conjugated Polymers Using Tetraaniline. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems
Institute and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems
Institute and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shauna Robbennolt
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems
Institute and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael T. Yeung
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems
Institute and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Georgiy Akopov
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems
Institute and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Richard B. Kaner
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems
Institute and ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Casanovas J, Zanuy D, Alemán C. Distribution of dopant ions around poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) chains: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:9889-9899. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00857k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of counterions and multiple polymer chains on the properties and structure of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with ClO4− has been examined using density functional theory (DFT) calculations with periodic boundary conditions (PBCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Casanovas
- Departament de Química
- Escola Politècnica Superior
- Universitat de Lleida
- Lleida E-25001
- Spain
| | - David Zanuy
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Sant Adriá del Besòs
- Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química
- EEBE
- Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
- Sant Adriá del Besòs
- Spain
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17
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Zhu L, Dai J, Liu M, Tang D, Liu S, Hu C. Formyl-Modified Polyaniline for the Catalytic Dehydration of Fructose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2174-2181. [PMID: 27453215 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report an unprecedented solid organic-base catalyst, formyl-modified polyaniline (FS-PAN), for the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) with a high yield of 90.4 mol %. We demonstrate that the nitrogen atoms incorporated between the phenyl rings in the backbone of the polyaniline chain contribute to the basicity of the catalyst. The grafting of electron-withdrawing formyl groups to the imine nitrogen atoms leads to a significant increase of basicity of the polymer catalyst owing to the greater localization of electrons at the amide nitrogen atom formed. A linear dependence of the yield of HMF on the grafting level of formyl groups in FS-PAN indicates that the amide acts as the active phase. A possible reaction mechanism for this organic-base-catalyzed dehydration reaction is proposed. The side-reaction of HMF rehydration is inhibited thoroughly, and the condensation of any reaction intermediates to undesirable oligomers is restrained by this base catalyst. This organic-base catalyst can be recycled completely without loss of activity. This research highlights the first application of a highly effective and stable solid base catalyst for the transformation of renewable carbohydrates into fine chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangfang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, PR China
| | - Jinhang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, PR China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, PR China
| | - Dianyong Tang
- Research Institute for New Materials Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, 402160, PR China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, PR China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, PR China.
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Hong Y, Lee E, Choi J, Haam S, Suh JS, Yang J. Biomarker-specific conjugated nanopolyplexes for the active coloring of stem-like cancer cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:225101. [PMID: 27098318 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/22/225101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Stem-like cancer cells possess intrinsic features and their CD44 regulate redox balance in cancer cells to survive under stress conditions. Thus, we have fabricated biomarker-specific conjugated polyplexes using CD44-targetable hyaluronic acid and redox-sensible polyaniline based on a nanoemulsion method. For the most sensitive recognition of the cellular redox at a single nanoparticle scale, a nano-scattering spectrum imaging analyzer system was introduced. The conjugated polyplexes showed a specific targeting ability toward CD44-expressing cancer cells as well as a dramatic change in its color, which depended on the redox potential in the light-scattered images. Therefore, these polyaniline-based conjugated polyplexes as well as analytical processes that include light-scattering imaging and measurements of scattering spectra, clearly establish a systematic method for the detection and monitoring of cancer microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoochan Hong
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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19
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First-principles study of the effect of functional groups on polyaniline backbone. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16907. [PMID: 26584671 PMCID: PMC4653613 DOI: 10.1038/srep16907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a first-principles density functional theory study focused on how the chemical and electronic properties of polyaniline are adjusted by introducing suitable substituents on a polymer backbone. Analyses of the obtained energy barriers, reaction energies and minimum energy paths indicate that the chemical reactivity of the polyaniline derivatives is significantly enhanced by protonic acid doping of the substituted materials. Further study of the density of states at the Fermi level, band gap, HOMO and LUMO shows that both the unprotonated and protonated states of these polyanilines are altered to different degrees depending on the functional group. We also note that changes in both the chemical and electronic properties are very sensitive to the polarity and size of the functional group. It is worth noting that these changes do not substantially alter the inherent chemical and electronic properties of polyaniline. Our results demonstrate that introducing different functional groups on a polymer backbone is an effective approach to obtain tailored conductive polymers with desirable properties while retaining their intrinsic properties, such as conductivity.
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20
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First-principles study of terpyrrole as a potential hydrogen cyanide sensor: DFT calculations. J Mol Model 2015; 21:273. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Bahramian A. Viscoelastic properties of polyaniline-emeraldine base nanostructured films: Experimental results and molecular dynamics simulations. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Bahramian
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hamedan University of Technology; Hamedan 65155 Iran
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22
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Das D, Datta A, Contractor AQ. Doping of polyaniline with 6-cyano-2-naphthol. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:12993-3001. [PMID: 25333513 DOI: 10.1021/jp5060843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The conductivity of polyaniline (PANI) is ascribed to its emeraldine salt (PANI-ES), which is formed by protonation of its emeraldine base (PANI-EB) by acids. Generally, mineral acids are used for this purpose, but the use of dopants and additives to maintain the required acidity provides an alternative method to the preparation of PANI-ES. The present work attempts to achieve the protonation by the use of a weak organic acid, namely, 6-cyano-2-naphthol (6CN2), which is generally used as a superphotoacid, as its excited state pKa is significantly smaller than its ground state pKa. The question here is if the protonation of the aniline moieties in PANI takes place and if it does, whether it takes place by dissociation of the ground state or the excited state of 6CN2. Room temperature conductance measurements were carried out to see the effect of doping. The formation of PANI-ES from PANI-EB has been monitored by UV-vis spectrophotometry. When a polar counterion is inserted into the polymer matrix, it changes the environment of the nearby chains by introducing defects, reorganization of charges as a result of interaction with the polymer. Morphological investigation was done using optical microscopy, field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEGSEM), and field emission gun transmission electron microscopy FEGTEM. The influence of 6CN2 on the crystallinity of the polymer was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasree Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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23
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Canales M, Torras J, Fabregat G, Meneguzzi A, Alemán C. Polyaniline Emeraldine Salt in the Amorphous Solid State: Polaron versus Bipolaron. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:11552-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5067583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manel Canales
- Departament
de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord-Edifici B4−B5, Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain
| | - Juan Torras
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Escola d’Enginyeria de Igualada (EEI), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Pla de la Massa 8, Igualada 08700, Spain
| | - Georgina Fabregat
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
- Centre
for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Sud, Edifici C′, C/Pasqual i Vila s/n, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Alvaro Meneguzzi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
- Departamento
de Materiais, Escola de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Goncalves, 9500, 91509-900, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Barcelona School of Industrial Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
- Centre
for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Sud, Edifici C′, C/Pasqual i Vila s/n, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
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24
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Bahramian A. Molecular dynamics simulation of surface morphology and thermodynamic properties of polyaniline nanostructured film. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Bahramian
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hamedan University of Technology; 65155 Hamedan Iran
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25
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Hg2+
-Induced In Situ Generated Radical Cation of (S
)-BINOL-Based Polymer for Highly Enantioselective Recognition of Phenylalaninol. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1443-9. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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26
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Zhang Y, Xi Q, Chen J, Duan Y. Theoretical Investigation of the Protonation Mechanism of Doped Polyaniline. J CLUST SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-014-0743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Poverenov E, Zamoshchik N, Patra A, Ridelman Y, Bendikov M. Unusual Doping of Donor–Acceptor-Type Conjugated Polymers Using Lewis Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5138-49. [DOI: 10.1021/ja501024n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Poverenov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Natalia Zamoshchik
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Asit Patra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yonatan Ridelman
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Michael Bendikov
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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29
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Zhang Y, Duan Y, Wang T. Excited-state hydrogen-bonding dynamics of camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline: a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:26261-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04267k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a TDDFT study on excited-state hydrogen-bonding dynamics of a camphorsulfonic acid doped polyaniline complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116085, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116085, P. R. China
| | - Tongmin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116085, P. R. China
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30
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Byshkin MS, Correa A, Buonocore F, Di Matteo A, Milano G. A united event grand canonical Monte Carlo study of partially doped polyaniline. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:244906. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4848697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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31
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Chatterjee K, Mitra M, Ganguly S, Kargupta K, Banerjee D. Thermoelectric performance of electrodeposited nanostructured polyaniline doped with sulfo-salicylic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishanu Chatterjee
- Department of Physics; Bengal Engineering and Science University; Howrah 711103 India
| | - Mousumi Mitra
- Department of Physics; Bengal Engineering and Science University; Howrah 711103 India
| | - Saibal Ganguly
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Universiti Teknologi Petronas; Malaysia
| | - Kajari Kargupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Jadavpur University; Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Dipali Banerjee
- Department of Physics; Bengal Engineering and Science University; Howrah 711103 India
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32
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Petrova J, Romanova J, Madjarova G, Ivanova A, Tadjer A. Absorption Spectra of Model Single Chains of Conducting Polyaniline. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:6543-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jp301814u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Petrova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Julia Romanova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galia Madjarova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anela Ivanova
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alia Tadjer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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33
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Neelgund GM, Oki A. A facile method for synthesis of polyaniline nanospheres and effect of doping on their electrical conductivity. POLYM INT 2011; 60:1291-1295. [PMID: 21966097 DOI: 10.1002/pi.3068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) nanospheres by a simple template-free method has been described. The polymerization of aniline in aqueous medium was accomplished using ammonium persulfate without any protonic acid. The UV-vis spectrum of PANI nanospheres displayed the characteristic absorption peak of π-π* transition of the benzenoid ring at 355 nm. The oxidation state of PANI nanospheres was identified with FT-IR spectroscopy by comparing the two bands at 1582 (ring stretching in quinoid unit) and 1498 cm(-1) (ring stretching in bezenoid unit). The X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated the low crystalline nature of PANI nanospheres. The morphology of PANI nanospheres was spherical and the mean diameter of nanospheres was found in the range of 3-12 nm. The thermal behavior of PANI nanospheres was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The effect of doping of HCl and H(2)SO(4) on PANI nanospheres was studied by measuring the current as a function of time of exposure. The high electrical conductivity of 6×10(-2) S cm(-1) was obtained for PANI nanospheres at their optimum doping state by 100 ppm HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gururaj M Neelgund
- Department of Chemistry, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View TX 77446, USA
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34
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Zheng L, Xu Y, Jin D, Xie Y. Polyaniline-Intercalated Molybdenum Oxide Nanocomposites: Simultaneous Synthesis and their Enhanced Application for Supercapacitor. Chem Asian J 2011; 6:1505-14. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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35
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Petrova JN, Romanova JR, Madjarova GK, Ivanova AN, Tadjer AV. Fully Doped Oligomers of Emeraldine Salt: Polaronic versus Bipolaronic Configuration. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:3765-76. [DOI: 10.1021/jp111914n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina N. Petrova
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Julia R. Romanova
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Galia K. Madjarova
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Anela N. Ivanova
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Alia V. Tadjer
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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36
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Udeh CU, Fey N, Faul CFJ. Functional block-like structures from electroactive tetra(aniline) oligomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm12557e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Ding B, Si Y, Wang X, Yu J, Feng L, Sun G. Label-free ultrasensitive colorimetric detection of copper(ii) ions utilizing polyaniline/polyamide-6 nano-fiber/net sensor strips. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11851j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Canales
- Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Facultat d’Informàtica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona E-08028, Spain, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETS d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Facultat d’Informàtica, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, Barcelona E-08028, Spain, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETS d’Enginyeria Industrial de Barcelona, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain, and Center for Research in Nano-Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de
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40
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Guo Z, Rüegger H, Kissner R, Ishikawa T, Willeke M, Walde P. Vesicles as soft templates for the enzymatic polymerization of aniline. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2009; 25:11390-11405. [PMID: 19670900 DOI: 10.1021/la901510m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of using surfactant vesicles as soft templates for the peroxidase-triggered polymerization of aniline was investigated. It was found that mixed anionic vesicles (diameter approximately 80 nm) composed of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and decanoic acid (1:1, molar ratio) are promising templates. In the presence of the vesicles and horseradish peroxidase/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as initiator system, aniline polymerizes under optimized conditions at pH=4.3 to the desired conductive emeraldine form of polyaniline (PANI). The optimal polymerization conditions were elaborated, and some of the chemical and physicochemical aspects of the reaction system were investigated. After addition of aniline and peroxidase to the vesicles, aniline is only loosely associated with the vesicles, as shown by NOESY-NMR and zeta potential measurements. In contrast, the peroxidase strongly binds to the vesicle surface, as shown by fluorescence measurements using TNS (2-(p-toluidino)naphthalene-6-sulfonate) as vesicle membrane probe. This binding of the enzyme to the vesicle surface indicates that the polymerization reaction is initiated predominantly on the surface of the vesicles. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy indicates that the polymerization product remains associated with the vesicles on their surface. For short reaction times (30 s<t<60 s), it is shown that oligoanilines containing an excess of oxidized units are obtained, as shown by VIS/NIR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. For longer reaction times (1 min<t<30 min), the relative amount of over oxidized units in PANI decreases until polymers are obtained which have a VIS/NIR spectrum that is typical for the emeraldine salt form of PANI (lambdamax approximately 1000 nm). The appearance of stable unpaired electrons during the reaction was demonstrated by EPR measurements, in full support of the in situ formation of the conductive emeraldine salt form of PANI. At the end of the reaction (after 1 h), the PANI formed remains homogenously dispersed in the aqueous solution thanks to the presence of the vesicles. No precipitation occurs on a time scale of at least several weeks. FTIR and 13C NMR measurements of the product isolated from the reaction mixture confirm the formation of the emeraldine form of PANI. If the polymerization reaction is carried out in the absence of vesicles but under otherwise identical reaction conditions, the outcome of the reaction is very different, i.e., no indication at all for the formation of the conductive form of PANI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengwei Guo
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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41
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Mandal TK, Pati SK, Datta A. Degenerate intermolecular and intramolecular proton-transfer reactions: electronic structure of the transition states. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8147-51. [PMID: 19606892 DOI: 10.1021/jp9044513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed on a series of double and single proton-transfer reactions to study the variation in polarizations in complexes during the dynamics of proton transfer from one isoenergetic, hydrogen-bonded ground-state structure to the other. The isotropic average polarizability (alpha(av)) shows an interesting single-humped profile with a maxima coinciding with the transition state of the reaction. Similar profiles are also computed at Nd:YaG frequencies. The origin of the maximal polarizability at the transition state is traced to maximal charge separation and large D (donor)-A (acceptor) distances. Maximal polarizability for the transition state suggests an interesting, novel, and less memory extensive computational tool to locate the transition state for hydrogen-transfer reactions in hydrogen-bonded complexes.
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Casanovas J, Canales M, Ferreira CA, Alemán C. A First Principle Analysis of the Structure of Oligoanilines Doped with Alkylsulfonic Acids. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8795-800. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904618a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Casanovas
- Departament de Química, Escola Politècnica Superior, Universitat de Lleida, c/Jaume II n° 69, Lleida E-25001, Spain, Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord-Mòdul B5, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - DEMAT - Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - setor 4- prédio 74 - Cep. 91501-970 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETS d’Enginyers Industrials de Barcelona, Universitat
| | - Manel Canales
- Departament de Química, Escola Politècnica Superior, Universitat de Lleida, c/Jaume II n° 69, Lleida E-25001, Spain, Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord-Mòdul B5, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - DEMAT - Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - setor 4- prédio 74 - Cep. 91501-970 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETS d’Enginyers Industrials de Barcelona, Universitat
| | - Carlos A. Ferreira
- Departament de Química, Escola Politècnica Superior, Universitat de Lleida, c/Jaume II n° 69, Lleida E-25001, Spain, Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord-Mòdul B5, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - DEMAT - Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - setor 4- prédio 74 - Cep. 91501-970 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETS d’Enginyers Industrials de Barcelona, Universitat
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament de Química, Escola Politècnica Superior, Universitat de Lleida, c/Jaume II n° 69, Lleida E-25001, Spain, Departament de Física i Enginyeria Nuclear, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord-Mòdul B5, c/Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona E-08034, Spain, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - DEMAT - Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500 - setor 4- prédio 74 - Cep. 91501-970 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil, Departament d’Enginyeria Química, ETS d’Enginyers Industrials de Barcelona, Universitat
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Zhou T, Xing S, Zhang C, Wu Y, Zhao C. Influence of external voltage on the reprotonated polyaniline films by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 73:84-88. [PMID: 19264540 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2009.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Revised: 01/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we reported the electrical fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra measurements on the reprotonated polyaniline (PANI) thin films. Application of external voltage reduced the intensity in FT-IR spectra and resulted in the shift of band situation. The FT-IR spectra as a function of temperature were also conducted in order to investigate the effect of Joule heating. We found that the influence of CC of phenyl units and the CC of quinoid were quite different as a function of external voltage and temperature. The current-voltage (I-V) curves of the PANI film measured in the range of 0-175 V showed that the resistance kept constant at 0-75 V while it increased from 75 to 175 V. The I-V curves confirmed the presence of Joule heating effect during 75-175 V. According to the experiment results, we concluded that external voltage could produce large average hopping energy, which allowed the charge transfer by hopping between the conducting domains during 0-75 V. The deprotonation of PANI was caused by Joule heating effect, resulting in the decreasing conductivity from 75 to 175 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Avenue, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Alemán C, Ferreira CA, Torras J, Meneguzzi A, Canales M, Rodrigues MA, Casanovas J. On the molecular properties of polyaniline: A comprehensive theoretical study. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2008.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cavazzoni C, Colle R, Farchioni R, Grosso G. Acidification of three-dimensional emeraldine polymers: Search for minimum energy paths from base to salt. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:234903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2931573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Colle R, Parruccini P, Benassi A, Cavazzoni C. Optical Properties of Emeraldine Salt Polymers from Ab Initio Calculations: Comparison with Recent Experimental Data. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:2800-5. [PMID: 17388438 DOI: 10.1021/jp067847n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present the absorption coefficient alpha(omega), the transverse dielectric function epsilon(omega), the optical conductivity sigma(omega), and the reflectance R(omega) calculated for an emeraldine salt conducting polymer in its crystalline 3D polaronic structure. We utilize Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) electronic wavefunctions and energies implemented in the expression of the macroscopic transverse dielectric function in the framework of the band theory without the electron-hole interaction. Contributions of intra-band transitions are taken into account by adding a Drude-like term to the dielectric function calculated ab initio. Comparison with optical properties, recently measured on high-quality emeraldine salts (Lee, K.; Cho, S.; Park, S. H.; Heeger, A. J.; Lee, C.-W.; Lee, S. H. Nature 2006, 441, 65), and with optical absorption spectra, recorded on other emeraldine salts, is very satisfactory. The calculated spectra are discussed in terms of energy-band structure, density of states, inter- and intra-band transitions, and transverse dielectric function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Colle
- Dipartimento di Chimica Applicata e Scienza dei Materiali, UniversitA di Bologna, via Saragozza, 8 I-40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Ćirić-Marjanović G, Trchová M, Stejskal J. MNDO-PM3 Study of the Early Stages of the Chemical Oxidative Polymerization of Aniline. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc20061407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical approach to the study of aniline polymerization mechanism has been based on the MNDO-PM3 semi-empirical quantum chemical computations of the heat of formation of aniline dimer and trimer intermediates. The oxidation in aqueous medium without added acid is analyzed. The aniline nitrenium cation is proposed to be the reactive electrophilic species generated by the oxidation of aniline with a two-electron oxidant, ammonium peroxydisulfate, in the initiation phase. 4-Aminodiphenylamine and its fully oxidized form, N-phenyl-1,4-benzoquinonediimine, are the main dimeric products. 2-Aminodiphenylamine and its fully oxidized form, N-phenyl-1,2-benzoquinonediimine, are the most important side products of aniline dimerization. The influence of protonation on the oxidizability of aniline and reaction intermediates was studied. The dominant aniline oligomers have been shown to be linear as well as branched. The importance of reactivity difference between fully oxidized aniline oligomers composed of odd or even numbers of constitutional aniline units is pointed out. The species with odd numbers of aniline units, having nitrenium cationic nature, are much more reactive. The oxidation combined with intramolecular cyclization reaction pathways leads to substituted phenazines, characteristic of two-dimensional PANI chain-growth.
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