1
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Foscato M, Occhipinti G, Hopen Eliasson SH, Jensen VR. Automated de Novo Design of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts: Computational and Experimental Analysis of a Simple Thermodynamic Design Criterion. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:412-424. [PMID: 38247361 PMCID: PMC10806812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Methods for computational de novo design of inorganic molecules have paved the way for automated design of homogeneous catalysts. Such studies have so far relied on correlation-based prediction models as fitness functions (figures of merit), but the soundness of these approaches has yet to be tested by experimental verification of de novo-designed catalysts. Here, a previously developed criterion for the optimization of dative ligands L in ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalysts RuCl2(L)(L')(═CHAr), where Ar is an aryl group and L' is a phosphine ligand dissociating to activate the catalyst, was used in de novo design experiments. These experiments predicted catalysts bearing an N-heterocyclic carbene (L = 9) substituted by two N-bound mesityls and two tert-butyl groups at the imidazolidin-2-ylidene backbone to be promising. Whereas the phosphine-stabilized precursor assumed by the prediction model could not be made, a pyridine-stabilized ruthenium alkylidene complex (17) bearing carbene 9 was less active than a known leading pyridine-stabilized Grubbs-type catalyst (18, L = H2IMes). A density functional theory-based analysis showed that the unsubstituted metallacyclobutane (MCB) intermediate generated in the presence of ethylene is the likely resting state of both 17 and 18. Whereas the design criterion via its correlation between the stability of the MCB and the rate-determining barrier indeed seeks to stabilize the MCB, it relies on RuCl2(L)(L')(═CH2) adducts as resting states. The change in resting state explains the discrepancy between the prediction and the actual performance of catalyst 17. To avoid such discrepancies and better address the multifaceted challenges of predicting catalytic performance, future de novo catalyst design studies should explore and test design criteria incorporating information from more than a single relative energy or intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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2
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Blanco C, Fogg DE. Water-Accelerated Decomposition of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:1097-1102. [PMID: 36714054 PMCID: PMC9872090 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Water is ubiquitous in olefin metathesis, at levels ranging from contaminant to cosolvent. It is also non-benign. Water-promoted catalyst decomposition competes with metathesis, even for "robust" ruthenium catalysts. Metathesis is hence typically noncatalytic for demanding reactions in water-rich environments (e.g., chemical biology), a challenge as the Ru decomposition products promote unwanted reactions such as DNA degradation. To date, only the first step of the decomposition cascade is understood: catalyst aquation. Here we demonstrate that the aqua species dramatically accelerate both β-elimination of the metallacyclobutane intermediate and bimolecular decomposition of four-coordinate [RuCl(H2O)n(L)(=CHR)]Cl. Decomposition can be inhibited by blocking aquation and β-elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian
O. Blanco
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5,Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway,,
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3
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Occhipinti G, Nascimento DL, Foscato M, Fogg DE, Jensen VR. The Janus face of high trans-effect carbenes in olefin metathesis: gateway to both productivity and decomposition. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5107-5117. [PMID: 35655574 PMCID: PMC9093171 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00855f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium–cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) catalysts, used at ppm levels, can enable dramatically higher productivities in olefin metathesis than their N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) predecessors. A key reason is the reduced susceptibility of the metallacyclobutane (MCB) intermediate to decomposition via β-H elimination. The factors responsible for promoting or inhibiting β-H elimination are explored via density functional theory (DFT) calculations, in metathesis of ethylene or styrene (a representative 1-olefin) by Ru–CAAC and Ru–NHC catalysts. Natural bond orbital analysis of the frontier orbitals confirms the greater strength of the orbital interactions for the CAAC species, and the consequent increase in the carbene trans influence and trans effect. The higher trans effect of the CAAC ligands inhibits β-H elimination by destabilizing the transition state (TS) for decomposition, in which an agostic MCB Cβ–H bond is positioned trans to the carbene. Unproductive cycling with ethylene is also curbed, because ethylene is trans to the carbene ligand in the square pyramidal TS for ethylene metathesis. In contrast, metathesis of styrene proceeds via a ‘late’ TS with approximately trigonal bipyramidal geometry, in which carbene trans effects are reduced. Importantly, however, the positive impact of a strong trans-effect ligand in limiting β-H elimination is offset by its potent accelerating effect on bimolecular coupling, a major competing means of catalyst decomposition. These two decomposition pathways, known for decades to limit productivity in olefin metathesis, are revealed as distinct, antinomic, responses to a single underlying phenomenon. Reconciling these opposing effects emerges as a clear priority for design of robust, high-performing catalysts. In ruthenium catalysts for olefin metathesis, carbene ligands of high trans influence/effect suppress decomposition via β-H elimination, but increase susceptibility to bimolecular decomposition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway
| | - Daniel L Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway
| | - Deryn E Fogg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway .,Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Vidar R Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen Allégaten 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway
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4
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Wang XL, Chiang NY, Peng JJ, Yu L, Xu LJ, Yang HR, Jin BY, Zhang P, Lai YY, Li Z, Lai GQ, Luh TY. A Fischer-Type Ruthenium Carbene Complex as a Metathesis Catalyst for the Synthesis of Enol Ethers. J Org Chem 2021; 86:17629-17639. [PMID: 34846148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Grubbs G-I or G-II catalyst gives the ruthenium ethoxy carbene complex, which catalyzes ring-opening cross metathesis (ROCM) of a strained cyclic alkene to give a diene where one of the two alkene moieties in the product contains an ethoxy substituent. No polymeric products are detected. Hydrocarbons such as parent norbornene or substituted cyclopropenes can proceed with the reaction smoothly. Tertiary amines, N-alkylimides, esters, and aryl or alkyl bromides remain intact under the reaction conditions. In addition to vinyl ethers, vinylic esters can also be used. The time required to reach a 50% yield of the ROCM product t50 varies from 0.01 to 140 h depending on the strain and nucleophilicity of the double bond. Anchimeric participation of an electron-rich group would result in significant enhancement of the reactivity, and the t50 could be as short as several minutes. A similar substrate without such a neighboring group shows a much slower rate. An exo-norborne derivative reacts much faster than the corresponding endo-isomer. Alkenes with poor nucleophilicity are less favored for the ROCM process, so is less strained cyclooctene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia-Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | | | - Jian-Jhih Peng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Li-Jun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Hau-Ren Yang
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bih-Yaw Jin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pinglu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu-Ying Lai
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ze Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Guo-Qiao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Tien-Yau Luh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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5
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Pablo Martínez J, Solà M, Poater A. Predictive Catalysis in Olefin Metathesis with Ru-based Catalysts with Annulated C 60 Fullerenes in the N-heterocyclic Carbenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:18074-18083. [PMID: 34523164 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Predictive catalysis must be the tool that does not replace experiments, but acts as a selective agent, so that synthetic strategies of maximum profitability are used in the laboratory in a surgical way. Here, nanotechnology has been used in olefin metathesis from homogeneous Ru-NHC catalysts, specifically annulating a C60 fullerene to the NHC ligand. Based on results with the C60 in the backbone, a sterile change with respect to the catalysis of the metal center, an attempt has been made to bring C60 closer to the metal, by attaching it to one of the two C-N bonds of the imidazole group of the SIMes (1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) ligand (reference NHC ligand of the 2nd generation Grubbs catalysts) to increase the steric pressure of C60 in the first sphere of reactivity of the metal. The DFT calculated thermodynamics and the kinetics of SIMes-derived systems show that they are efficient catalysts for olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Martínez
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Catalonia, Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Catalonia, Girona, Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Catalonia, Girona, Spain
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6
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Nascimento D, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Bimolecular Coupling in Olefin Metathesis: Correlating Structure and Decomposition for Leading and Emerging Ruthenium-Carbene Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11072-11079. [PMID: 34270895 PMCID: PMC8397316 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bimolecular catalyst decomposition is a fundamental, long-standing challenge in olefin metathesis. Emerging ruthenium-cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene (CAAC) catalysts, which enable breakthrough advances in productivity and general robustness, are now known to be extraordinarily susceptible to this pathway. The details of the process, however, have hitherto been obscure. The present study provides the first detailed mechanistic insights into the steric and electronic factors that govern bimolecular decomposition. Described is a combined experimental and theoretical study that probes decomposition of the key active species, RuCl2(L)(py)(═CH2) 1 (in which L is the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) H2IMes, or a CAAC ligand: the latter vary in the NAr group (NMes, N-2,6-Et2C6H3, or N-2-Me,6-iPrC6H3) and the substituents on the quaternary site flanking the carbene carbon (i.e., CMe2 or CMePh)). The transiently stabilized pyridine adducts 1 were isolated by cryogenic synthesis of the metallacyclobutanes, addition of pyridine, and precipitation. All are shown to decompose via second-order kinetics at -10 °C. The most vulnerable CAAC species, however, decompose more than 1000-fold faster than the H2IMes analogue. Computational studies reveal that the key factor underlying accelerated decomposition of the CAAC derivatives is their stronger trans influence, which weakens the Ru-py bond and increases the transient concentration of the 14-electron methylidene species, RuCl2(L)(═CH2) 2. Fast catalyst initiation, a major design goal in olefin metathesis, thus has the negative consequence of accelerating decomposition. Inhibiting bimolecular decomposition offers major opportunities to transform catalyst productivity and utility, and to realize the outstanding promise of olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
L. Nascimento
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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7
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Albalawi MO, Falivene L, Jedidi A, Osman OI, Elroby SA, Cavallo L. Influence of the anionic ligands on properties and reactivity of Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Patra SG, Das NK. Recent advancement on the mechanism of olefin metathesis by Grubbs catalysts: A computational perspective. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley S. Farrell
- Chemistry Department United States Naval Academy 572 M Holloway Rd. Annapolis MD 21402 USA
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10
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Tobón P, Gómez S, Restrepo A, Núñez-Zarur F. Role of Substrate Substituents in Alkene Metathesis Mediated by a Ru Alkylidene Catalyst. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Tobón
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 50010, Colombia
| | - Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Albeiro Restrepo
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín 50010, Colombia
| | - Francisco Núñez-Zarur
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de Medellín, Carrera 87 No. 30-65, 050026 Medellín, Colombia
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11
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Yarolimek MR, Coia BM, Bookbinder HR, Kennemur JG. Investigating the effect of α-pinene on the ROMP of δ-pinene. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00931a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ring opening metathesis polymerization of δ-pinene with varying amounts of α-pinene is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Yarolimek
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Brianna M. Coia
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Heather R. Bookbinder
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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12
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Farrell WS, Greene C, Ghosh P, Warren TH, Zavalij PY. Decomposition of Vanadium(V) Alkylidenes Relevant to Olefin Metathesis. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley S. Farrell
- Chemistry Department, United States Naval Academy, 572M Holloway Road, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, United States
| | - Christine Greene
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Pokhraj Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Timothy H. Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Box 571227-1227, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Peter Y. Zavalij
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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13
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Nascimento D, Reim I, Foscato M, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Challenging Metathesis Catalysts with Nucleophiles and Brønsted Base: Examining the Stability of State-of-the-Art Ruthenium Carbene Catalysts to Attack by Amines. ACS Catal 2020; 10:11623-11633. [PMID: 33123412 PMCID: PMC7587145 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Critical to advancing the uptake of olefin metathesis in leading contexts, including pharmaceutical manufacturing, is identification of highly active catalysts that resist decomposition. Amines constitute an aggressive challenge to ruthenium metathesis catalysts. Examined here is the impact of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), morpholine, n-butylamine, and triethylamine on Ru metathesis catalysts that represent the current state of the art, including cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) and N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. Accordingly, the amine-tolerance of the nitro-Grela catalyst RuCl2(H2IMes)(=CHAr) (nG; Ar = C6H4-2-O i Pr-5-NO2) is compared with that of its CAAC analogues nGC1 and nGC2, and the Hoveyda-class catalyst RuCl2(C2)(=CHAr') HC2 (Ar' = C6H4-2-O i Pr). In C1, the carbene carbon is flanked by an N-2,6-Et2C6H3 group and a CMePh quaternary carbon; in C2, by an N-2- i Pr-6-MeC6H3 group and a CMe2 quaternary carbon. The impact of 1 equiv amine per Ru on turnover numbers (TONs) in ring-closing metathesis of diethyl diallylmalonate was assessed at 9 ppm Ru, at RT and 70 °C. The deleterious impact of amines followed the trend NEt3 ∼ NH2 n Bu ≪ DBU ∼ morpholine. Morpholine is shown to decompose nGC1 by nucleophilic abstraction of the methylidene ligand; DBU, by proton abstraction from the metallacyclobutane. Decomposition was minimized at 70 °C, at which nGC1 enabled TONs of ca. 60 000 even in the presence of morpholine or DBU, vs ca. 80 000 in the absence of base. Unexpectedly, H2IMes catalyst nG delivered 70-90% of the performance of nGC1 at high temperatures, and underwent decomposition by Brønsted base at a similar rate. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis shows that this similarity is due to comparable net electron donation by the H2IMes and C1 ligands. Catalysts bearing the smaller C2 ligand were comparatively insensitive to amines, owing to rapid, preferential bimolecular decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel
L. Nascimento
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Immanuel Reim
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of
Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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14
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Jawiczuk M, Młodzikowska-Pieńko K, Trzaskowski B. Impact of the olefin structure on the catalytic cycle and decomposition rates of Hoveyda-Grubbs metathesis catalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:13062-13069. [PMID: 32478784 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A relatively fast degradation of ruthenium catalysts in the presence of selected olefins, and ethylene in particular, is one of the bottlenecks in their use in metathesis reactions. Here we explore the structure-activity relationships between the rate of degradation of Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts and the structure of olefins by means of DFT calculations. We show that (Z)-1,2-dichloroethene can't form stable complexes with a 14-electron active complex due to a strong inductive electron withdrawal effect. Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts can be, however, used to convert (Z)-1,2-dichloroethene to (E)-1,2-dichloroethene due to differences in crucial barriers in the catalytic cycle for E/Z isomers. Hoveyda-Grubbs catalysts in the presence of both isomers of 1,2-dimethoxyethene and 1,2-dichloroethene are predicted to be very stable in the unproductive metathesis, while for monosubstituted olefins the methoxyethene presence gives relatively low barriers for crucial degradation transition states and can readily undergo decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jawiczuk
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland.
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15
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Smit W, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, Jensen VR. Ethylene-Triggered Formation of Ruthenium Alkylidene from Decomposed Catalyst. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wietse Smit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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16
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Engl PS, Tsygankov A, De Jesus Silva J, Lange J, Copéret C, Togni A, Fedorov A. Acrylate Esters by Ethenolysis of Maleate Esters with Ru Metathesis Catalysts: an HTE and a Technoeconomic Study. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pascal S. Engl
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Tsygankov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Current address: A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vavilova str. 28 RU 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Jordan De Jesus Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Jean‐Paul Lange
- Shell Research and Technology Center Amsterdam Grasweg 31 NL-1031 HW Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Sustainable Process TechnologyUniversity of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 NL-7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Antonio Togni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alexey Fedorov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich Leonhardstrasse 21 CH-8092 Zürich Switzerland
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17
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Goudreault AY, Walden DM, Nascimento DL, Botti AG, Steinmann SN, Michel C, Fogg DE. Hydroxide-Induced Degradation of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts: A Challenge for Metathesis in Alkaline Media. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Y. Goudreault
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Daniel M. Walden
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratorie de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Adrian G. Botti
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephan N. Steinmann
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratorie de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Carine Michel
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratorie de Chimie, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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18
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Carter JD, Schrodi Y. Olefin Metathesis Catalyst Supported by a Hemilabile NHC Ligand Bearing Polyether Arms: Structure, Activity, and Decomposition. Organometallics 2020; 39:378-382. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D. Carter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Yann Schrodi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California 91330, United States
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19
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Jawiczuk M, Młodzikowska-Pieńko K, Osella S, Trzaskowski B. Molecular Modeling of Mechanisms of Decomposition of Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts by Acrylonitrile. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jawiczuk
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Młodzikowska-Pieńko
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Silvio Osella
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland
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20
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Nascimento DL, Fogg DE. Origin of the Breakthrough Productivity of Ruthenium–Cyclic Alkyl Amino Carbene Catalysts in Olefin Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19236-19240. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Nascimento
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ontario, Canada
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, K1N 6N5 Ontario, Canada
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21
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Planer S, Jana A, Grela K. Ethyl Lactate: A Green Solvent for Olefin Metathesis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:4655-4661. [PMID: 31412165 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Compatibility of selected, commercially available ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts with ethyl lactate as solvent was evaluated using a range of substrates and conditions. In addition, the preparation of a metathesis catalyst in simplified manner by using the advantages of ethyl lactate was accomplished. The application of ethyl lactate facilitates product isolation (also allowing for lower ruthenium contamination in crude metathesis products) and improves the overall green angle of olefin metathesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Planer
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anupam Jana
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Zwirki I Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Gordon CP, Raynaud C, Andersen RA, Copéret C, Eisenstein O. Carbon-13 NMR Chemical Shift: A Descriptor for Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Organometallic Compounds. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2278-2289. [PMID: 31339693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Metal-bonded carbon atoms in metal-alkyl, metal-carbene/alkylidene, and metal-carbyne/alkylidyne species often show significantly more deshielded isotropic chemical shifts than their organic counterparts (alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes). While isotropic chemical shift is universally used to characterize a chemical compound in solution, it is an average value of the three principal components of the chemical shift tensor (δ11 > δ22 > δ33). The tensor components, which are accessible by solid-state NMR spectroscopy, can provide detailed information about the electronic structure (frontier molecular orbitals) at the observed nuclei. This information can be accessed in detail by quantum chemical calculations, most notably by an analysis of the paramagnetic contribution to the NMR shielding tensor. The paramagnetic term mainly results from the coupling of occupied and empty molecular orbitals close in energy-the frontier molecular orbitals-under the effect of the external magnetic field (B0). In organometallic compounds, a large deshielding of the isotropic carbon-13 chemical shift of the metal-bonded carbon atom is commonly related to the coupling between the occupied σM-C orbital and low-lying vacant orbitals of πM═C* character. The deshielding at the α-carbon hence probes the extent of σM-C and πM═C* interactions. This molecular orbital view readily explains the strong deshielding and large anisotropy (evidenced by the span Ω = δ11 - δ33) observed in metal alkylidenes and alkylidynes (200 < δiso < 400 ppm). Fischer carbenes are generally more deshielded than Schrock or Grubbs alkylidenes due to their low-lying πM═C* orbital. Chemical shift hence shows their higher electrophilic character, connecting NMR spectroscopy to reactivity patterns. Similarly, the α-carbon of metal-alkyls display deshielded chemical shifts in specific coordination environments. This deshielding, which is often prominently pronounced for cationic species, indicates the presence of partial π-bond character in the metal-carbon bond, making these bonds topologically equivalent to alkylidene π-bonds. The π-character in metal-alkyl bonds favors (i) α-H abstraction processes in metal bis-alkyl compounds yielding metal alkylidenes, (ii) [2 + 2]-retrocyclization of metallacyclobutanes that participate in olefin metathesis, (iii) olefin insertion in cationic metal alkyls thus explaining polymerization activity trends and the importance of α-H agostic interactions, and (iv) C-H bond activation on metal-alkyls via σ-bond metathesis. The presence of π-character in the metal-carbon bonds involved in these processes rationalizes the parallel reactivity patterns of metal-alkyls toward olefin insertion and σ-bond metathesis and the fact that σ-bond metathesis, olefin insertion, and olefin metathesis are commonly observed with metal atoms in the same ligand field. Because of the similarities in the frontier molecular orbitals involved in these processes, these reactions can be viewed as isolobal. This explains why certain fragments, such as bent metallocenes (d0 Cp2M) or T-shaped L3M, are ubiquitous in these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P. Gordon
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg. 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg. 1-5, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- ICGM, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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23
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Peschek N, Wannowius KJ, Plenio H. The Initiation Reaction of Hoveyda–Grubbs Complexes with Ethene. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Peschek
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Klaus-Jürgen Wannowius
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Herbert Plenio
- Organometallic Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 12, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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24
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Valyaev DA, Utegenov KI, Krivykh VV, Willot J, Ustynyuk NA, Lugan N. Dual reactivity pattern of Mn(I) carbyne complexes Cp(CO)2Mn+≡C–R (R = Ar, Alk) vs. dppm: Subtle balance between double intramolecular nucleophilic addition and nucleophilic addition followed by migratory CO insertion. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Yu M, Lou S, Gonzalez-Bobes F. Ring-Closing Metathesis in Pharmaceutical Development: Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Directions. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Chemical & Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Sha Lou
- Chemical & Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Francisco Gonzalez-Bobes
- Chemical & Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
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26
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Ogba OM, Warner NC, O'Leary DJ, Grubbs RH. Recent advances in ruthenium-based olefin metathesis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:4510-4544. [PMID: 29714397 PMCID: PMC6107346 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00027a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-based olefin metathesis catalysts, known for their functional group tolerance and broad applicability in organic synthesis and polymer science, continue to evolve as an enabling technology in these areas. A discussion of recent mechanistic investigations is followed by an overview of selected applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Ogba
- Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91775, USA.
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27
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VenkatRamami S, Schrock RR, Hoveyda A, Müller P, Tsay C. Synthesis of High-Oxidation-State Mo═CHX Complexes, Where X = Cl, CF 3, Phosphonium, CN. Organometallics 2018; 37:1641-1644. [PMID: 30655653 PMCID: PMC6332497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactions between Z-XCH=CHX where X = Cl, CF3, or CN and Mo(N-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(OHIPT)Cl(PPh2Me) (OHIPT = O-2,6-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) produce Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHX)(OHIPT)Cl(PPh2Me) complexes. Addition of 2,2'-bipyridyl (Bipy) yields Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHX)(OHIPT)Cl(Bipy) complexes, which could be isolated and structurally characterized. The reaction between Mo(N-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(OHMT)Cl(PPh2Me) (OHMT = O-2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)2C6H3) and Z-ClCH=CHCl in the presence of Bipy produces a mixture that contains both Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHCl)(OHMT)Cl(PPh2Me) and Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHCl)(OHMT)Cl(Bipy), but the relatively insoluble product that crystallizes from toluene-d 8 is the phosphoniomethylidene complex, [Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHPPh2Me)(OHMT)(Cl)(Bipy)]Cl. The Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHX)(OHIPT)Cl(PPh2Me) complexes (X = Cl or CF3) were confirmed to initiate the stereoselective cross-metathesis between Z-5-decene and Z-XCH=CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarsan VenkatRamami
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Amir Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center,
Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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28
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Bailey GA, Foscato M, Higman CS, Day CS, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Bimolecular Coupling as a Vector for Decomposition of Fast-Initiating Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6931-6944. [PMID: 29652496 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The correlation between rapid initiation and rapid decomposition in olefin metathesis is probed for a series of fast-initiating, phosphine-free Ru catalysts: the Hoveyda catalyst HII, RuCl2(L)(═CHC6H4- o-O iPr); the Grela catalyst nG (a derivative of HII with a nitro group para to O iPr); the Piers catalyst PII, [RuCl2(L)(═CHPCy3)]OTf; the third-generation Grubbs catalyst GIII, RuCl2(L)(py)2(═CHPh); and dianiline catalyst DA, RuCl2(L)( o-dianiline)(═CHPh), in all of which L = H2IMes = N,N'-bis(mesityl)imidazolin-2-ylidene. Prior studies of ethylene metathesis have established that various Ru metathesis catalysts can decompose by β-elimination of propene from the metallacyclobutane intermediate RuCl2(H2IMes)(κ2-C3H6), Ru-2. The present work demonstrates that in metathesis of terminal olefins, β-elimination yields only ca. 25-40% propenes for HII, nG, PII, or DA, and none for GIII. The discrepancy is attributed to competing decomposition via bimolecular coupling of methylidene intermediate RuCl2(H2IMes)(═CH2), Ru-1. Direct evidence for methylidene coupling is presented, via the controlled decomposition of transiently stabilized adducts of Ru-1, RuCl2(H2IMes)Ln(═CH2) (Ln = py n'; n' = 1, 2, or o-dianiline). These adducts were synthesized by treating in situ-generated metallacyclobutane Ru-2 with pyridine or o-dianiline, and were isolated by precipitating at low temperature (-116 or -78 °C, respectively). On warming, both undergo methylidene coupling, liberating ethylene and forming RuCl2(H2IMes)Ln. A mechanism is proposed based on kinetic studies and molecular-level computational analysis. Bimolecular coupling emerges as an important contributor to the instability of Ru-1, and a potentially major pathway for decomposition of fast-initiating, phosphine-free metathesis catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A Bailey
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Carolyn S Higman
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Craig S Day
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Vidar R Jensen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway
| | - Deryn E Fogg
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences , University of Ottawa , Ottawa , ON , Canada K1N 6N5
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29
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Nascimento DL, Davy EC, Fogg DE. Merrifield resin-assisted routes to second-generation catalysts for olefin metathesis. Catal Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy02278f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphine-scavenging Merrifield resins can significantly facilitate the synthesis of highly active Ru metathesis catalysts, including the second-generation Grubbs, Hoveyda, and indenylidene catalysts (GII, HII, InII).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Nascimento
- Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Emma C. Davy
- Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, and Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences
- University of Ottawa
- Ottawa
- Canada
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30
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Bailey GA, Lummiss JAM, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, McDonald R, Jensen VR, Fogg DE. Decomposition of Olefin Metathesis Catalysts by Brønsted Base: Metallacyclobutane Deprotonation as a Primary Deactivating Event. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16446-16449. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn A. Bailey
- Center
for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Justin A. M. Lummiss
- Center
for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Robert McDonald
- X-Ray
Crystallography Laboratory, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Center
for Catalysis Research and Innovation, and Department of Chemistry
and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
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31
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Engel J, Smit W, Foscato M, Occhipinti G, Törnroos KW, Jensen VR. Loss and Reformation of Ruthenium Alkylidene: Connecting Olefin Metathesis, Catalyst Deactivation, Regeneration, and Isomerization. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16609-16619. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Engel
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Wietse Smit
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Foscato
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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32
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Santos AG, Bailey GA, dos Santos EN, Fogg DE. Overcoming Catalyst Decomposition in Acrylate Metathesis: Polyphenol Resins as Enabling Agents for PCy3-Stabilized Metathesis Catalysts. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra G. Santos
- Departamento
de Química-ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gwendolyn A. Bailey
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Eduardo N. dos Santos
- Departamento
de Química-ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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33
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Olefin Metathesis with Ru-Based Catalysts Exchanging the Typical N-Heterocyclic Carbenes by a Phosphine–Phosphonium Ylide. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin G. Harvey
- US Navy Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD) Research Department Chemistry Division 93555 China Lake California USA
| | - Richard D. Ernst
- Inorganic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Utah 84112 Salt Lake City Utah USA
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35
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Bidange J, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C. Ethenolysis: A Green Catalytic Tool to Cleave Carbon-Carbon Double Bonds. Chemistry 2016; 22:12226-44. [PMID: 27359344 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable innovations have been made in the field of olefin metathesis due to the design and preparation of new catalysts. Ethenolysis, which is cross-metathesis with ethylene, represents one catalytic transformation that has been used with the purpose of cleaving internal carbon-carbon double bonds. The objectives were either the ring opening of cyclic olefins to produce dienes or the shortening of unsaturated hydrocarbon chains to degrade polymers or generate valuable shorter terminal olefins in a controlled manner. This Review summarizes several aspects of this reaction: the catalysts, their degradation in the presence of ethylene, some parameters driving their productivity, the side reactions, and the applications of ethenolysis in organic synthesis and in potential industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Bidange
- UMR 6226, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Organometallics, Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue du général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Cédric Fischmeister
- UMR 6226, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Organometallics, Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue du général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Christian Bruneau
- UMR 6226, CNRS, Université de Rennes 1, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Organometallics, Materials and Catalysis, Centre for Catalysis and Green Chemistry, Campus de Beaulieu, 263 avenue du général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.
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36
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Smit W, Koudriavtsev V, Occhipinti G, Törnroos KW, Jensen VR. Phosphine-Based Z-Selective Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wietse Smit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten
41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vitali Koudriavtsev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten
41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Giovanni Occhipinti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten
41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Karl W. Törnroos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten
41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
| | - Vidar R. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégaten
41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway
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Chen P. Designing Sequence Selectivity into a Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Catalyst. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:1052-60. [PMID: 27105333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of a chemoselective catalyst for the sequence-selective copolymerization of two cycloolefins by ring-opening metathesis polymerization is described, starting with the mechanistic work that established the structure of the key metallacyclobutane intermediate. Experimental and computational investigations converged to a conclusion that the lowest energy metallacyclobutane intermediate in the ruthenium carbene-catalyzed metathesis reaction had the four-membered ring trans to the phosphine or NHC ligand. The trans-metallacyclobutane structure, for the case of a degenerate metathesis reaction catalyzed by a Grubbs first-generation complex, necessitated a rotation of the 3-fold symmetric tricyclohexylphosphine ligand, with respect to the 2-fold symmetric metallacyclobutane substructure. The degeneracy could be lifted by constraining the rotation. Lifting the degeneracy created the possibility of chemoselectivity. This mechanistic work led to a concept for the "tick-tock" catalyst for a chemoselective, alternating copolymerization of cyclooctene and norbornene from a mixture of the two monomers. The design concept could be post facto elaborated in terms of stereochemistry and topological theory, both viewpoints providing deeper insight into the design of selectivity into the catalytic reaction. The iterative interaction of theory and experiment provided the basis for the rational design and optimization of a new selectivity into an existing catalytic system with decidedly modest structural modifications of the original carbene complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Chen
- Laboratorium für Organische
Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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38
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Martínez JP, Vummaleti SVC, Falivene L, Nolan SP, Cavallo L, Solà M, Poater A. In Silico Olefin Metathesis with Ru-Based Catalysts Containing N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Bearing C60 Fullerenes. Chemistry 2016; 22:6617-23. [PMID: 27059290 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations have been used to explore the potential of Ru-based complexes with 1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene (SIMes) ligand backbone (A) being modified in silico by the insertion of a C60 molecule (B and C), as olefin metathesis catalysts. To this end, we investigated the olefin metathesis reaction catalyzed by complexes A, B, and C using ethylene as the substrate, focusing mainly on the thermodynamic stability of all possible reaction intermediates. Our results suggest that complex B bearing an electron-withdrawing N-heterocyclic carbene improves the performance of unannulated complex A. The efficiency of complex B is only surpassed by complex A when the backbone of the N-heterocyclic carbene of complex A is substituted by two amino groups. The particular performance of complexes B and C has to be attributed to electronic factors, that is, the electronic-donating capacity of modified SIMes ligand rather than steric effects, because the latter are predicted to be almost identical for complexes B and C when compared to those of A. Overall, this study indicates that such Ru-based complexes B and C might have the potential to be effective olefin metathesis catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Martínez
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sai Vikrama Chaitanya Vummaleti
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Falivene
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000, Gent, Belgium.,Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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39
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Griffiths JR, Keister JB, Diver ST. From Resting State to the Steady State: Mechanistic Studies of Ene-Yne Metathesis Promoted by the Hoveyda Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5380-91. [PMID: 27076098 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of intermolecular ene-yne metathesis (EYM) with the Hoveyda precatalyst (Ru1) has been studied. For 1-hexene metathesis with 2-benzoyloxy-3-butyne, the experimental rate law was determined to be first-order in 1-hexene (0.3-4 M), first-order in initial catalyst concentration, and zero-order for the terminal alkyne. At low catalyst concentrations (0.1 mM), the rate of precatalyst initiation was observed by UV-vis and the alkyne disappearance was observed by in situ FT-IR. Comparison of the rate of precatalyst initiation and the rate of EYM shows that a low, steady-state concentration of active catalyst is rapidly produced. Application of steady-state conditions to the carbene intermediates provided a rate treatment that fit the experimental rate law. Starting from a ruthenium alkylidene complex, competition between 2-isopropoxystyrene and 1-hexene gave a mixture of 2-isopropoxyarylidene and pentylidene species, which were trappable by the Buchner reaction. By varying the relative concentration of these alkenes, 2-isopropoxystyrene was found to be 80 times more effective than 1-hexene in production of their respective Ru complexes. Buchner-trapping of the initiation of Ru1 with excess 1-hexene after 50% loss of Ru1 gave 99% of the Buchner-trapping product derived from precatalyst Ru1. For the initiation process, this shows that there is an alkene-dependent loss of precatalyst Ru1, but this does not directly produce the active catalyst. A faster initiating precatalyst for alkene metathesis gave similar rates of EYM. Buchner-trapping of ene-yne metathesis failed to deliver any products derived from Buchner insertion, consistent with rapid decomposition of carbene intermediates under ene-yne conditions. An internal alkyne, 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyne, was found to obey a different rate law. Finally, the second-order rate constant for ene-yne metathesis was compared to that previously determined by the Grubbs second-generation carbene complex: Ru1 was found to promote ene-yne metathesis 62 times faster at the same initial precatalyst concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Griffiths
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Jerome B Keister
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Steven T Diver
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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40
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McKinty AM, Stephan DW. Ru alkylidene compounds bearing tridentate, dianionic ligands: Lewis acid activation and olefin metathesis. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3844-52. [PMID: 26822161 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04481b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The series of tridentate complexes of Ru-alkylidenes (L)Ru(CHPh)(SCH2CH2)2E (E = O, L = SIMes 1, PCy3 2, E = S, L = SIMes 3, PCy3 4; E = PPh 7, L = PCy3), (L)Ru(CHPh)(SC6H4)2S (L = SIMes 5, PCy3 6), (L)Ru(CHPh) (OCH2CH2)2O (L = SIMes 8, PCy3 9) were prepared and shown to react with one equivalent of BCl3 to give the complexes (L)Ru(CHPh)Cl[E(CH2CH2S)2BCl2] (E = O, L = SIMes 10, PCy3 11, E = S, L = SIMes 12a/b, PCy3 13, E = PPh, L = PCy3 16) and (L)Ru(CHPh)(SC6H4)2O (L = SIMes 14, PCy3 15). In the case of 1 and 2 reaction with two equivalents of BCl3 affording the corresponding cation via chloride abstraction. These cations coordinate MeCN to give the six coordinate Ru cation salts [(L)Ru(CHPh)- (NCMe)(O(CH2CH2S)2BCl2)][BCl4] L = SIMes 17, PCy3 18). The generated five coordinate cations derived from 2-9 via addition of two equivalents of BCl3 were evaluated in standard preliminary tests for olefin metathesis catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M McKinty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6 Canada.
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41
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Torker S, Koh MJ, Khan RKM, Hoveyda AH. Regarding a Persisting Puzzle in Olefin Metathesis with Ru Complexes: Why are Transformations of Alkenes with a Small Substituent Z-Selective? Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Torker
- Department of Chemistry,
Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Ming Joo Koh
- Department of Chemistry,
Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - R. Kashif M. Khan
- Department of Chemistry,
Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry,
Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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42
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Poater A, Cavallo L. A comprehensive study of olefin metathesis catalyzed by Ru-based catalysts. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1767-80. [PMID: 26664596 PMCID: PMC4660983 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During a Ru-catalyzed reaction of an olefin with an alkylidene moiety that leads to a metallacycle intermediate, the cis insertion of the olefin can occur from two different directions, namely side and bottom with respect to the phosphine or N-heterocyclic ligand (NHC), depending on the first or second generation Grubbs catalyst. Here, DFT calculations unravel to which extent the bottom coordination of olefins with respect is favored over the side coordination through screening a wide range of catalysts, including first and second generation Grubbs catalysts as well as the subsequent Hoveyda derivatives. The equilibrium between bottom and side coordination is influenced by sterics, electronics, and polarity of the solvent. The side attack is favored for sterically less demanding NHC and/or alkylidene ligands. Moreover the generation of a 14-electron species is also discussed, with either pyridine or phosphine ligands to dissociate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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43
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Ireland BJ, Dobigny BT, Fogg DE. Decomposition of a Phosphine-Free Metathesis Catalyst by Amines and Other Bronsted Bases: Metallacyclobutane Deprotonation as a Major Deactivation Pathway. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Ireland
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Bernadette T. Dobigny
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Deryn E. Fogg
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Catalysis Research & Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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44
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Nelson DJ, Manzini S, Urbina-Blanco CA, Nolan SP. Key processes in ruthenium-catalysed olefin metathesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:10355-75. [PMID: 24931143 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02515f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While the fundamental series of [2+2]cycloadditions and retro[2+2]cycloadditions that make up the pathways of ruthenium-catalysed metathesis reactions is well-established, the exploration of mechanistic aspects of alkene metathesis continues. In this Feature Article, modern mechanistic studies of the alkene metathesis reaction, catalysed by well-defined ruthenium complexes, are discussed. Broadly, these concern the processes of pre-catalyst initiation, propagation and decomposition, which all have a considerable impact on the overall efficiency of metathesis reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Nelson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK.
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45
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Bokka A, Hua Y, Berlin AS, Jeon J. Mechanistic Insights into Grubbs-Type Ruthenium-Complex-Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkene Hydrosilylation: Direct σ-Bond Metathesis in the Initial Stage of Hydrosilylation. ACS Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b00431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Apparao Bokka
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Yuanda Hua
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Adam S. Berlin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Junha Jeon
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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46
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Kuriakose N, Vanka K. Can substituted allenes be highly efficient leaving groups in catalytic processes? A computational investigation. J Comput Chem 2015; 36:795-804. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nishamol Kuriakose
- Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune Maharashtra 411008 India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune Maharashtra 411008 India
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47
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48
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Paredes-Gil K, Solans-Monfort X, Rodriguez-Santiago L, Sodupe M, Jaque P. DFT Study on the Relative Stabilities of Substituted Ruthenacyclobutane Intermediates Involved in Olefin Cross-Metathesis Reactions and Their Interconversion Pathways. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500718a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Paredes-Gil
- Departamento
de Ciencias Quı́micas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 275, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Mariona Sodupe
- Departament
de Quı́mica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pablo Jaque
- Departamento
de Ciencias Quı́micas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Av. Republica 275, Santiago, Chile
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49
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Poater A, Pump E, Vummaleti SVC, Cavallo L. The Right Computational Recipe for Olefin Metathesis with Ru-Based Catalysts: The Whole Mechanism of Ring-Closing Olefin Metathesis. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:4442-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ct5003863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Poater
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eva Pump
- Institute
for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A 8010 Graz, Austria
- Kaust
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sai Vikrama Chaitanya Vummaleti
- Kaust
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Kaust
Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte
don Melillo, I-84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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50
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Hoveyda AH. Evolution of catalytic stereoselective olefin metathesis: from ancillary transformation to purveyor of stereochemical identity. J Org Chem 2014; 79:4763-92. [PMID: 24720633 PMCID: PMC4049245 DOI: 10.1021/jo500467z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There have been numerous significant advances in catalytic olefin metathesis (OM) during the past two decades. Such progress has transformed this important set of reactions to strategically pivotal processes that generate stereochemical identity while delivering molecules that cannot be easily prepared by alternative routes. In this Perspective, an analysis of the origin of the inception of bidentate benzylidene ligands for Ru-based OM catalysts is first presented. This is followed by an overview of the intellectual basis that culminated in the development of Mo-based diolates and stereogenic-at-Ru complexes for enantioselective OM. The principles accrued from the study of the latter Ru carbenes and Mo alkylidenes and utilized in the design of stereogenic-at-Mo, -W, and -Ru species applicable to enantioselective and Z-selective OM are then discussed. The influence of the recently introduced catalytic OM protocols on the design of synthesis routes leading to complex organic molecules is probed. The impact of a better understanding of the mechanistic nuances of OM toward the discovery of stereoselective catalysts is reviewed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir H. Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry,
Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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