1
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Shen HC, Li JJ, Wang P, Yu JQ. meta-C-H functionalization of phenylethyl and benzylic alcohol derivatives via Pd/NBE relay catalysis. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc03802a. [PMID: 39268204 PMCID: PMC11388095 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition metal-catalyzed meta-C-H functionalization of alcohols and their hydroxylamine derivatives remains underdeveloped. Herein, we report an efficient meta-C-H arylation of both phenylethyl and benzylic alcohols and their hydroxylamine derivatives using a readily removable oxime ether directing group. Using electronically activated 2-carbomethoxynorbornene as the transient mediator and 3-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridone as the enabling ligand, this reaction features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. More importantly, with this oxime-directed meta-C-H functionalization, this method provides a dual approach for efficient access to both meta-substituted alcohols and hydroxylamines using two sets of simple deprotection conditions. This protocol leads to the efficient synthesis of bioactive compounds possessing promising reactivities for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry and Shanghai-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory in Chemical Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 P. R. China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry, and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 P. R. China
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla CA 92037 USA
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2
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Zhou H, Li Z, Chen J, Zhou S, Wang X, Zhang L, Chen J, Lv N. Synthesis of polysubstituted pyridazines via Cu-mediated C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) coupling/annulation of saturated ketones with acylhydrazones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9546-9549. [PMID: 39145417 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02760d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Pyridazine is a significant skeleton that widely exists in drugs and bioactive molecules. We herein describe expeditious approaches to access polysubstituted pyridazines from readily accessible unactivated ketones and acylhydrazones via Cu-promoted C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling/cyclization sequences in a single-step fashion. Notably, the disparate 3,4,6-trisubstituted pyridazines and 3,5-disubstituted pyridazines could be obtained by tailoring the ketone's structure and reaction conditions. These transformations feature good functional group compatibility, excellent step-economy, and chemoselectivity. The potential synthetic utility of these conversions is illustrated by scale-up reactions and late-stage derivatizations of the as-prepared pyridazine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honggui Zhou
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zhefeng Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Juehong Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Si Zhou
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Linwei Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Jiuxi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Ningning Lv
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
- Key Lab of Biohealth Materials and Chemistry of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325035, China
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3
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Yu XL, Hu JW, Cao J, Xu LW. Intramolecular Hosomi-Sakurai Reaction for the Synthesis of Benzoxasiloles. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9027-9030. [PMID: 38815156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
A Lewis acid-catalyzed intramolecular Hosomi-Sakurai reaction of o-(allylsilyl)benzaldehyde/ketone has been developed. The reaction proceeds through simultaneous C-Si bond cleavage and C-C bond reconstruction. This protocol provides a rapid approach for the synthesis of allyl-substituted benzoxasiloles under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Long Yu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Hu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Jian Cao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Li-Wen Xu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Material Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
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4
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Cook A, Newman SG. Alcohols as Substrates in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Arylation, Alkylation, and Related Reactions. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6078-6144. [PMID: 38630862 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Alcohols are abundant and attractive feedstock molecules for organic synthesis. Many methods for their functionalization require them to first be converted into a more activated derivative, while recent years have seen a vast increase in the number of complexity-building transformations that directly harness unprotected alcohols. This Review discusses how transition metal catalysis can be used toward this goal. These transformations are broadly classified into three categories. Deoxygenative functionalizations, representing derivatization of the C-O bond, enable the alcohol to act as a leaving group toward the formation of new C-C bonds. Etherifications, characterized by derivatization of the O-H bond, represent classical reactivity that has been modernized to include mild reaction conditions, diverse reaction partners, and high selectivities. Lastly, chain functionalization reactions are described, wherein the alcohol group acts as a mediator in formal C-H functionalization reactions of the alkyl backbone. Each of these three classes of transformation will be discussed in context of intermolecular arylation, alkylation, and related reactions, illustrating how catalysis can enable alcohols to be directly harnessed for organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Cook
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephen G Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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5
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Yin F, Chen Y, Luo Z, Li S, Zhang Y, Wan S, Li X, Kong L, Wang X. Regioselective Olefination and Arylation of Arene-Tethered Diols Using the Easily Foldable Directing Groups. Org Lett 2024; 26:1463-1467. [PMID: 38349252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Arene-tethered diols constitute a valuable class of structural motifs of drug and bioactive natural product molecules. In this study, a regioselective protocol for olefination and arylation of arene-tethered 1,2-diols and 1,3-diols has been developed using easily foldable acetal structures for attaching pyridine and nitrile directing groups. The method overcomes the steric hindrance effect of the short-chain diols and affords products in high yield and regioselectivity. This efficient cascaded catalysis has been successfully utilized in the syntheses of natural products such as peucedanol, decursinol, and marmesin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Yin
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongwen Luo
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Li
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Wan
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Li
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
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6
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Romero AH. C-H Bond Functionalization of N-Heteroarenes Mediated by Selectfluor. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:29. [PMID: 37736818 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-023-00437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, recent developments for Selectfluor-mediated C-H functionalization of N-heteroarenes are described. This type of C-H bond activation is an attractive and competitive alternative to traditional methodologies, allowing the functionalization of a variety of chemical functions. In addition, Selectfluor is a more sustainable and economically accessible oxidant compared with expensive/toxic metals or hazardous peroxides. For a practical understanding, the current review classified systematically the reported strategies in four subsections as follows: (1) carbon-carbon formation, (2) carbon-nitrogen bond formation, (3) carbon-chalcogen bond, and (4) carbon-halogen bond formation. Mechanistic aspects and reaction conditions are fully discussed to provide an understanding of the aspects that govern C-H functionalization in N-heteroarenes mediated by Selectfluor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel H Romero
- Grupo de Química Orgánica Medicinal, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Igua 4225, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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7
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Hu XM, Huang R, Wen QL, Duan YG, Cao XL, Yan SJ. Hydroxyl-Directed Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization: Access to Benzo[ de]chromenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:1622-1627. [PMID: 36867606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
A cascade oxidative annulation reaction of heterocyclic ketene aminals (HKAs) with internal alkynes catalyzed by [Cp*RhCl2]2 and oxidized by Cu(OAc)2·H2O was developed to efficiently synthesize highly functionalized benzo[de]chromene derivatives in good to excellent yields. The reaction proceeded by the sequential cleavage of C(sp2)-H/O-H and C(sp2)-H/C(sp2)-H bonds. These multicomponent cascade reactions were highly regioselective. In addition, all of the benzo[de]chromene products exhibited intense fluorescence emission in the solid state, and they demonstrated concentration-dependent quenching in the presence of Fe3+, indicating that these compounds could be used in the recognition of Fe3+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Mei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Lin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Gang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Ling Cao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Jiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P. R. China
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8
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Qin C, Huang Z, Wu SB, Li Z, Yang Y, Xu S, Zhang X, Liu G, Wu YD, Chung LW, Huang Z. Breaking Conventional Site Selectivity in C–H Bond Activation: Selective sp 3 versus sp 2 Silylation by a Pincer-Based Pocket. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:20903-20914. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhidao Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Song-Bai Wu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhuangxing Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Songgen Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lung Wa Chung
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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9
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Harry SA, Xiang MR, Holt E, Zhu A, Ghorbani F, Patel D, Lectka T. Hydroxy-directed fluorination of remote unactivated C(sp 3)-H bonds: a new age of diastereoselective radical fluorination. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7007-7013. [PMID: 35774162 PMCID: PMC9200124 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01907h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a photochemically induced, hydroxy-directed fluorination that addresses the prevailing challenge of high diastereoselectivity in this burgeoning field. Numerous simple and complex motifs showcase a spectrum of regio- and stereochemical outcomes based on the configuration of the hydroxy group. Notable examples include a long-sought switch in the selectivity of the refractory sclareolide core, an override of benzylic fluorination, and a rare case of 3,3'-difluorination. Furthermore, calculations illuminate a low barrier transition state for fluorination, supporting our notion that alcohols are engaged in coordinated reagent direction. A hydrogen bonding interaction between the innate hydroxy directing group and fluorine is also highlighted for several substrates with 19F-1H HOESY experiments, calculations, and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Andrew Harry
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Michael Richard Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Eric Holt
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Andrea Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Fereshte Ghorbani
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Dhaval Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Thomas Lectka
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St. Baltimore MD 21218 USA
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10
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Kuciński K, Stachowiak-Dłużyńska H, Hreczycho G. Catalytic silylation of O–nucleophiles via Si–H or Si–C bond cleavage: A route to silyl ethers, silanols and siloxanes. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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11
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Kong Y, Mu D. Recent Progress in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Hydrosilanes-Mediated C-H Silylation. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200104. [PMID: 35315977 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organosilicon compounds are widely used in materials science, medicinal chemistry and synthetic chemistry. Recently, significant progress has been achieved in transition metal-catalyzed dehydrogenative C-H silylation. Particularly, recently developed monohydrosilane and dihydrosilane mediated C-H silylation have emerged as powerful tools in constructing C-Si bonds. Besides, dihydrosilane-mediated enantioselective asymmetric C-H silylation has successfully achieved the construction of central and helical silicon chirality. In addition, chiral organosilicon compounds have exhibited excellent photoelectric material properties and broad application prospects. Furthermore, organosilicon compounds could under a series of functional group transformations to enrich the diversity of silicon chemistry. This review will present a comprehensive picture of the development of transition metal-catalyzed hydrosilanes-mediated intramolecular C(sp 2 )-H and C(sp 3 )-H silylation organized by their reaction types and mechanisms. In addition, dihydrosilane-mediated enantioselective asymmetric C-H silylation to construct central and helical silicon chirality will also be highlighted in the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang Kong
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, CHINA
| | - Delong Mu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Chemistry, Shenzhen 518000, 518000, Shenzhen, CHINA
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12
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Linford-Wood TG, Mahon MF, Grayson MN, Webster RL. Iron-Catalyzed H/D Exchange of Primary Silanes, Secondary Silanes, and Tertiary Siloxanes. ACS Catal 2022; 12:2979-2985. [PMID: 35433105 PMCID: PMC9007460 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A synthetic
study into the catalytic hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange
of 1° silanes, 2° silanes, and 3° siloxanes is presented,
facilitated by iron-β-diketiminato complexes (1a and 1b). Near-complete H/D exchange is observed for
a variety of aryl- and alkyl-containing hydrosilanes and hydrosiloxanes.
The reaction tolerates alternative hydride source pinacolborane (HBpin),
with quantitative H/D exchange. A synthetic and density functional
theory (DFT) investigation suggests that a monomeric iron-deuteride
is responsible for the H/D exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Matthew N. Grayson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
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13
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Ni SF, Huang G, Chen Y, Wright JS, Li M, Dang L. Recent advances in γ-C(sp3)–H bond activation of amides, aliphatic amines, sulfanilamides and amino acids. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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14
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Su B, Hartwig JF. Development of Chiral Ligands for the Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective Silylation and Borylation of C-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113343. [PMID: 34729899 PMCID: PMC9135162 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective reactions that install functional groups at the positions of unactivated C-H bonds can be envisioned to produce intermediates for the synthesis of the active ingredients in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals directly from simple feedstocks. Among these C-H bond functionalization reactions, those that form carbon-silicon (C-Si) and carbon-boron (C-B) bonds have been pursued because the products of these reactions can be converted to those containing a wide range of functional groups and because compounds containing silicon and boron possess unique properties that can be valuable for medicinal and materials chemistry. Although the silylation and borylation of C-H bonds have undergone extensive development during the past two decades, enantioselective versions of these reactions were not known until a few years ago. In this Minireview, we present the rapid development of enantioselective silylation and borylation of C-H bonds, with an emphasis on the design and development of the types of chiral ligands needed to achieve these reactions and an intention to inspire an expansion of these types of transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350 (P. R. China)
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (USA)
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15
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Su B, Hartwig JF. Development of Chiral Ligands for the Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Silylation and Borylation of C−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology College of Pharmacy Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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16
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Som S, Choi J, Katsoulis D, Lee KL. A direct method to access various functional arylalkoxysilanes by Rh-catalysed intermolecular C–H silylation of alkoxysilanes. Chem Sci 2022; 13:10759-10764. [PMID: 36320708 PMCID: PMC9491085 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03727k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient protocols for intermolecular C–H silylations of unactivated arenes and heteroarenes with HMe2SiOEt are disclosed. The silylations are catalysed by a Rh-complex (0.5 mol%) derived from commercially available [Rh(coe)2Cl]2 and (S,S)-Ph-BPE in the presence of cyclohexene at 100 °C, furnishing desired arylethoxydimethylsilanes up to 99% yield. The regioselectivity is mainly affected by the steric bulk of the substituents in arenes and by electronic effects as an ancillary factor. Mechanistic study revealed that the mono-hydrido dimeric Rh-complex, [Rh2(Ph-BPE)2(μ-H)(μ-Cl)], is an active catalytic intermediate, which further suppresses the formation of redistribution byproducts in the silylation. Preliminary results show that the current protocol can be extended to double C–H silylations affording bis-silylated arenes and is applicable to the silylation of HMeSi(OEt)2 to deliver the corresponding (aryl)SiMe(OEt)2. The control of alkoxysilane redistribution enables the direct access of functional arylalkoxysilanes by Rh-catalyzed C–H silylations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Salina Som
- University of Central Florida, Department of Chemistry, 4111 Libra Drive, PSB #255, Orlando, FL, USA 32816
| | - Jongwook Choi
- Dow Chemical Company, 2200 West Salzburg Road, Auburn, MI, USA 48611
| | | | - Kangsang L. Lee
- University of Central Florida, Department of Chemistry, 4111 Libra Drive, PSB #255, Orlando, FL, USA 32816
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17
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Chen J, Shi Z, Lu P. Enantioselective Synthesis of Indanes with a Quaternary Stereocenter via Diastereoselective C(sp 3)-H Functionalization. Org Lett 2021; 23:7359-7363. [PMID: 34506151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A practical synthesis of enantioenriched indane derivatives with quaternary stereocenters was developed via sequential enantioselective reduction and C-H functionalization. Good to excellent enantioselectivity could be achieved by either the CuH-catalyzed asymmetric reduction or the Corey-Bakshi-Shibata (CBS) reduction of indanone derivatives. The subsequent diastereospecific and regioselective rhodium-catalyzed silylation of the methyl C-H bond led to indane derivatives with quaternary centers. This strategy was further applied in syntheses of (nor)illudalane and botryane sesquiterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chen
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Shi
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- Research Center for Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Lu, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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18
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Zhang M, Gao S, Tang J, Chen L, Liu A, Sheng S, Zhang AQ. Asymmetric synthesis of chiral organosilicon compounds via transition metal-catalyzed stereoselective C-H activation and silylation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8250-8263. [PMID: 34323898 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02839a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This feature article details the progress of transition metal-catalyzed stereoselective sp2 and sp3 C-H activation and silylation in the synthesis of chiral organosilicon compounds, and the asymmetric C-H silylation includes intramolecular cyclizing silylation and intermolecular silylation. The silylating reagents include monohydrosilanes, dihydrosilanes, silacylcobutanes and disilanes. In general, catalytic systems include a transition metal salt as the catalyst and a chiral ligand. No external chiral ligand is required in some cases where the chiral substrates act as the source of chirality. Many kinds of silylated compounds with central, axial, planar, or helical chirality have been constructed via C-H activation by asymmetric rhodium, iridium or palladium catalysis. Some pharmacophores and material building blocks were successfully introduced into the target molecules. Some silylated products proved to be useful in medicinal chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and materials science. Besides reaction development, mechanisms for stereoselective C-H activation and silylation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Functional Small Organic Molecules, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University (Yaohu Campus), 99 Ziyangdadao Avenue, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China.
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19
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Dethe DH, Beeralingappa NC, Kumar V. Weakly Coordinating, Hydroxyl Directed Ruthenium Catalyzed C-H Alkylation of Ubiquitous Benzyl Alcohols with Maleimides. Org Lett 2021; 23:6267-6271. [PMID: 34355912 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Benzyl alcohols have been employed as effective coupling partners in Ru-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions, and their annulation with maleimides then offers efficient synthesis of useful ortho substituted succinimide aromatic aldehydes and ketones. Detailed mechanistic studies have been demonstrated by performing preliminary reactions, deuterium studies, and competitive experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatraya H Dethe
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | | | - Vimlesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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20
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Zhang X, Geng P, Liu G, Huang Z. Ru-Catalyzed Site-Selective Aliphatic C–H Bond Silylation of Amides and Carbamides. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Peiyu Geng
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guixia Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
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21
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Yan ZB, Peng M, Chen QL, Lu K, Tu YQ, Dai KL, Zhang FM, Zhang XM. An effective and versatile strategy for the synthesis of structurally diverse heteroarylsilanes via Ir(iii)-catalyzed C-H silylation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:9748-9753. [PMID: 34349947 PMCID: PMC8293992 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02344f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A versatile silylation of heteroaryl C–H bonds is accomplished under the catalysis of a well-defined spirocyclic NHC Ir(iii) complex (SNIr), generating a variety of heteroarylsilanes. A significant advantage of this catalytic system is that multiple types of intermolecular C–H silylation can be achieved using one catalytic system at α, β, γ, or δ positions of heteroatoms with excellent regioselectivities. Mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations indicate that the polycyclic ligand of SNIr can form an isolable cyclometalated intermediate, which leaves a phenyl dentate free and provides a hemi-open space for activating substrates. In general, favorable silylations occur at γ or δ positions of chelating heteroatoms, forming 5- or 6-membered C–Ir–N cyclic intermediates. If such an activation mode is prohibited sterically, silylations would take place at the α or β positions. The mechanistic studies would be helpful for further explaining the reactivity of the SNIr system. A versatile silylation of heteroaryl C–H bonds is accomplished under the catalysis of a well-defined spirocyclic NHC Ir(iii) complex (SNIr), generating a variety of heteroarylsilanes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Meng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Qi-Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Ka Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 P. R. China
| | - Kun-Long Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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22
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You L, Yuan W, He C. Intermolecular Dehydrogenative C−H/Si−H Cross‐Coupling for the Synthesis of Arylbenzyl Bis(silanes). European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijun You
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology 518055 Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology 518055 Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology 518055 Shenzhen Guangdong China
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23
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Lin T, Qian P, Wang YE, Ou M, Jiang L, Zhu C, Xu Y, Xiong D, Mao J. Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Arylation of 2-Pyridylmethyl Silanes with Aryl Bromides. Org Lett 2021; 23:3000-3003. [PMID: 33779175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The first palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of 2-pyridylmethyl silanes with aryl bromides to generate a diverse array of aryl(2-pyridyl)-methyl silane derivatives has been developed. This protocol facilitates access to various kinds of heterocycle-containing silanes in good to excellent yields (40 examples, 66-97% yield) with good functional group tolerance. The scalability of this transformation is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhi Lin
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Pengcheng Qian
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Yan-En Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Ou
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Long Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of NPU, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Yuchuan Xu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, P. R. China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin R. Auth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of San Diego San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Kathryn A. McGarry
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point Stevens Point WI 54481 USA
| | - Timothy B. Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of San Diego San Diego CA 92110 USA
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25
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Wang D, Li M, Chen X, Wang M, Liang Y, Zhao Y, Houk KN, Shi Z. Palladium-Catalyzed Silacyclization of (Hetero)Arenes with a Tetrasilane Reagent through Twofold C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7066-7071. [PMID: 33377224 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of an operationally convenient and stable silicon reagent (octamethyl-1,4-dioxacyclohexasilane, ODCS) for the selective silacyclization of (hetero)arenes via twofold C-H activation is reported. This method is compatible with N-containing heteroarenes such as indoles and carbazoles of varying complexity. The ODCS reagent can also be utilized for silacyclization of other types of substrates, including tertiary phosphines and aryl halides. A series of mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to investigate the preferred pathway for this twofold C-H activation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Mingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Kendall N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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26
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Wang D, Li M, Chen X, Wang M, Liang Y, Zhao Y, Houk KN, Shi Z. Palladium‐Catalyzed Silacyclization of (Hetero)Arenes with a Tetrasilane Reagent through Twofold C−H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Mingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Minyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Kendall N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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27
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Liu P, Hao N, Yang D, Wan L, Wang T, Zhang T, Zhou R, Cong X, Kong J. Iron-catalyzed para-selective C–H silylation of benzamide derivatives with chlorosilanes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00243k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper developed the para-selective silylation of benzamide derivatives with chlorosilanes using FeCl2 catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
| | - Na Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- School of Pharmacy
- Southwest Medical University
- Luzhou 646000
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Wan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Cong
- Department of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun 130024
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an 710072
- P. R. China
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28
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Huang A, Han Y, Wu P, Gao Y, Huo Y, Chen Q, Li X. Ligand-accelerated site-selective Csp 2–H and Csp 3–H alkynylations of alcohols via Pd( ii) catalysis. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01095f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ligand accelerated site-selective C–H alkynylation, including secondary and tertiary Csp3–H alkynylation of weakly coordinated yet synthetically promising alcohols, via putative 6, 7 and 8-membered palladacycle intermediates, was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yishen Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peiqing Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, No. 100 Waihuan Xi Road Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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29
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Zhang Q, Shi BF. Site-selective functionalization of remote aliphatic C-H bonds via C-H metallation. Chem Sci 2020; 12:841-852. [PMID: 34163851 PMCID: PMC8179183 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05944g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Directing group assistance provided a paradigm for controlling site-selectivity in transition metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization reactions. However, the kinetically and thermodynamically favored formation of 5-membered metallacycles has greatly hampered the selective activation of remote C(sp3)-H bonds via larger-membered metallacycles. Recent development to achieve remote C(sp3)-H functionalization via the C-H metallation process largely relies on employing specific substrates without accessible proximal C-H bonds. Encouragingly, recent advances in this field have enabled the selective functionalization of remote aliphatic C-H bonds in the presence of equally accessible proximal ones by taking advantage of the switch of the regiodetermining step, ring strain of metallacycles, multiple non-covalent interactions, and favourable reductive elimination from larger-membered metallacycles. In this review, we summarize these advancements according to the strategies used, hoping to facilitate further efforts to achieve site- and even enantioselective functionalization of remote C(sp3)-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Bing-Feng Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
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30
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Wu LJ, Teng F, Lv GF, Li JH. Relay Palladium/Copper Catalysis Enabled Silylative [5 + 1] Benzannulation Using Terminal Alkynes as One-Carbon Units. Org Lett 2020; 22:8544-8549. [PMID: 33075230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using terminal alkyne as a nontraditional one-carbon (C1) unit and silylborane as an external silicon pronucleophile, a relay palladium/copper-catalyzed silylative [5 + 1] benzannulation of 3-acetoxy-1,4-enynes for producing polysubstituted arylsilanes, especially including bioactive motif-based analogues, in a single reaction step through benzene ring skeleton assembly and silyl intermolecular incorporation cascades is developed. Mechanistic studies show that this reaction allows the terminal sp-hybridized carbon atom in terminal alkynes as a C1 unit via cleavage of two π-bonds and one C(sp)-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Fan Teng
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Gui-Fen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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31
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Yang B, Yang W, Guo Y, You L, He C. Enantioselective Silylation of Aliphatic C−H Bonds for the Synthesis of Silicon‐Stereogenic Dihydrobenzosiloles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Wu Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Yonghong Guo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Lijun You
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 Guangdong China
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32
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Yang B, Yang W, Guo Y, You L, He C. Enantioselective Silylation of Aliphatic C-H Bonds for the Synthesis of Silicon-Stereogenic Dihydrobenzosiloles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22217-22222. [PMID: 32841459 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A rhodium(I)-catalyzed enantioselective silylation of aliphatic C-H bonds for the synthesis of silicon-stereogenic dihydrobenzosiloles is demonstrated. This reaction involves a highly enantioselective intramolecular C(sp3 )-H silylation of dihydrosilanes, followed by a stereospecific intermolecular alkene hydrosilylation leading to the asymmetrically tetrasubstituted silanes. A wide range of dihydrosilanes and alkenes displaying various functional groups are compatible with this process, giving access to a variety of highly functionalized silicon-stereogenic dihydrobenzosiloles in good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wu Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Yonghong Guo
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijun You
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan He
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
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Rivero-Crespo M, Oliver-Meseguer J, Kapłońska K, Kuśtrowski P, Pardo E, Cerón-Carrasco JP, Leyva-Pérez A. Cyclic metal(oid) clusters control platinum-catalysed hydrosilylation reactions: from soluble to zeolite and MOF catalysts. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8113-8124. [PMID: 34123084 PMCID: PMC8163423 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pt-catalysed addition of silanes to functional groups such as alkenes, alkynes, carbonyls and alcohols, i.e. the hydrosilylation reaction, is a fundamental transformation in industrial and academic chemistry, often claimed as the most important application of Pt catalysts in solution. However, the exact nature of the Pt active species and its mechanism of action is not well understood yet, particularly regarding regioselectivity. Here, experimental and computational studies together with an ad hoc graphical method show that the hydroaddition of alkynes proceeds through Pt-Si-H clusters of 3-5 atoms (metal(oid) association) in parts per million amounts (ppm), which decrease the energy of the transition state and direct the regioselectivity of the reaction. Based on these findings, new extremely-active (ppm) microporous solid catalysts for the hydrosilylation of alkynes, alkenes and alcohols have been developed, paving the way for more environmentally-benign industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Rivero-Crespo
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain +34963877809 +34963877800
| | - Judit Oliver-Meseguer
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain +34963877809 +34963877800
| | - Klaudia Kapłońska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Krakow Poland
| | - Piotr Kuśtrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Krakow Poland
| | - Emilio Pardo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia 46980 Paterna Valencia Spain
| | | | - Antonio Leyva-Pérez
- Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universitat Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Avda. de los Naranjos s/n 46022 Valencia Spain +34963877809 +34963877800
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Karmel C, Hartwig JF. Mechanism of the Iridium-Catalyzed Silylation of Aromatic C-H Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10494-10505. [PMID: 32375477 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phenanthroline ligands and [Ir(cod)(OMe)]2 form complexes that catalyze the silylation of aromatic and aliphatic C-H bonds. However, no experimental data on the identity of complexes related to the mechanism of this process or the mechanisms by which they react to functionalize C-H bonds have been reported. Herein, we describe our studies on the mechanism of the iridium-catalyzed silylation of aryl C-H bonds. The resting state of the catalyst is an iridium disilyl hydride complex (phenanthroline)Ir(SiMe(OTMS)2)2(H)(L), in which L varies with the arene and additives. An iridium disilyl hydride complex was isolated, characterized, and allowed to react with arenes to form aryl silanes. The kinetics of the reactions of electron-rich and electron-poor arenes showed that the rate-limiting step varies with the electronic properties of the arene. Computational studies on related iridium silyl complexes revealed that the high activity of iridium complexes containing sterically encumbered phenanthroline ligands is due to a change in the number of silyl groups bound to iridium between the resting state of the catalyst containing the hindered phenanthroline and that containing less-hindered phenanthroline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Karmel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Gasperini D, King AK, Coles NT, Mahon MF, Webster RL. Seeking Heteroatom-Rich Compounds: Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies into Iron Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling of Silanes. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danila Gasperini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew K. King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Nathan T. Coles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Mary F. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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36
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Kanbur U, Sadow AD. Rare-Earth Catalyzed C-H Bond Alumination of Terminal Alkynes. Chemistry 2020; 26:5479-5493. [PMID: 32034950 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Organoaluminum reagents' application in catalytic C-H bond functionalization is limited by competitive side reactions, such as carboalumination and hydroalumination. Herein, rare-earth tetramethylaluminate complexes are shown to catalyze the exclusive C-H bond metalation of terminal alkynes with the commodity reagents trimethyl-, triethyl-, and triisobutylaluminum. Kinetic experiments probing alkyl-group exchange between rare-earth aluminates and trialkylaluminum, C-H bond metalation of alkynes, and catalytic conversions reveal distinct pathways of catalytic aluminations with triethylaluminum versus trimethylaluminum. Most significantly, kinetic data point to reversible formation of a unique [Ln](AlR4 )2 ⋅AlR3 adduct, followed by turnover-limiting alkyne metalation. That is, C-H bond activation occurs from a more associated organometallic species, rather than the expected coordinatively unsaturated species. These mechanistic conclusions allude to a new general strategy for catalytic C-H bond alumination that make use of highly electrophilic metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uddhav Kanbur
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, 2415 Osborn Dr, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Aaron D Sadow
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1605 Gilman Hall, 2415 Osborn Dr, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
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37
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38
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Iridium-Catalyzed Silylation. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2020_55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Ge Y, Tian Y, Wu J, Yan Q, Zheng L, Ren Y, Zhao J, Li Z. Iron-promoted free radical cascade difunctionalization of unsaturated benzamides with silanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12656-12659. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient cascade difunctionalization of unsaturated benzamides with silanes was developed for the synthesis of various silylated dihydroisoquinolinones and 1,3-isoquinolinediones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Ge
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, and Institute of Life Science and Green Development
- Hebei University
- Baoding
| | - Yunfei Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials
- Luoyang Normal University
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
| | - Jilai Wu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, and Institute of Life Science and Green Development
- Hebei University
- Baoding
| | - Qinqin Yan
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, and Institute of Life Science and Green Development
- Hebei University
- Baoding
| | - Luping Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials
- Luoyang Normal University
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
| | - Yingming Ren
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, and Institute of Life Science and Green Development
- Hebei University
- Baoding
| | - Jincan Zhao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, and Institute of Life Science and Green Development
- Hebei University
- Baoding
| | - Zejiang Li
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, and Institute of Life Science and Green Development
- Hebei University
- Baoding
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40
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Kathiravan S, Nicholls IA. Cobalt-Catalyzed Oxidative Annulation of Benzothiophene-[b]-1,1-dioxide through Diastereoselective Double C–H Activation. Org Lett 2019; 21:9806-9811. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subban Kathiravan
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences and Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Ian A. Nicholls
- Bioorganic & Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences and Linnaeus University Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnaeus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
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41
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Chen J, Xu J, Zhou Y, Xie S, Gao F, Xu X, Xu X, Jin Z. Sequential ortho-C-H and ipso-C-O Functionalization Using a Bifunctional Directing Group. Org Lett 2019; 21:7928-7932. [PMID: 31516000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Design of C-H activation directing groups that can serve as electrophiles for subsequent cross-coupling significantly improves the step economy of synthetic applications of directed C-H functionalization. Through using a well-defined bifunctional template, palladium-catalyzed ortho-C-H alkenylation and arylation of benzylic alcohols was achieved via an end-on nitrile-embedded 12-membered macrocyclic transition state. Thereafter, the directing template is used as a handle for palladium-catalyzed ipso-C-O cross-coupling to provide functionalized diarylmethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Jiancong Xu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Shuguang Xie
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Xiaohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
| | - Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elementoorganic Chemistry, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , China
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42
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Wang D, Zhao Y, Yuan C, Wen J, Zhao Y, Shi Z. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Silylation of Biaryl‐Type Monophosphines with Hydrosilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12529-12533. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yunfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Chengkai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Jian Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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Abstract
The functionalization of primary C-H bonds has been a longstanding challenge in catalysis. Our group has developed a series of silylations of primary C-H bonds that occur with site selectivity and diastereoselectivity resulting from an approach to run the reactions as intramolecular processes. These reactions have become practical by using an alcohol or amine as a docking site for a hydrosilyl group, thereby leading to intramolecular silylations of C-H bonds at positions dictated by the presence common functional groups in the reactants. Oxidation of the C-Si bond leads to the introduction of alcohol functionality at the position of the primary C-H bond of the reactant. The development, scope, and applications of these functionalization reactions is described in this minireview.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720
| | - Erik A Romero
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720
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44
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Zhang G, Hu Z, Bertoli G, Gooßen LJ. Iridium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Substituted Indanones from Aromatic Carboxylates and Unsaturated Ketones. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhang
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Giulia Bertoli
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lukas J. Gooßen
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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45
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Wang D, Zhao Y, Yuan C, Wen J, Zhao Y, Shi Z. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Dehydrogenative Silylation of Biaryl‐Type Monophosphines with Hydrosilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yunfei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Chengkai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Jian Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
| | - Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
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46
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Torres-Ochoa RO, Leclair A, Wang Q, Zhu J. Iron-Catalysed Remote C(sp 3 )-H Azidation of O-Acyl Oximes and N-Acyloxy Imidates Enabled by 1,5-Hydrogen Atom Transfer of Iminyl and Imidate Radicals: Synthesis of γ-Azido Ketones and β-Azido Alcohols. Chemistry 2019; 25:9477-9484. [PMID: 30968981 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of a catalytic amount of iron(III) acetylacetonate [Fe(acac)3 ], the reaction of structurally diverse ketoxime esters with trimethylsilyl azide (TMSN3 ) afforded γ-azido ketones in good to excellent yields. This unprecedented distal γ-C(sp3 )-H bond azidation reaction went through a sequence of reductive generation of an iminyl radical, 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (1,5-HAT) and iron-mediated redox azido transfer to the translocated carbon radical. TMSN3 served not only as a nitrogen source to functionalise the unactivated C(sp3 )-H bond, but also as a reductant to generate the catalytically active FeII species in situ. Based on the same principle, a novel β-C(sp3 )-H functionalisation of alcohols via N-acyloxy imidates was subsequently realised, leading, after hydrolysis of the resulting ester, to β-azido alcohols, which are important building blocks in organic and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén O Torres-Ochoa
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Leclair
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jieping Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Natural Products, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL-SB-ISIC-LSPN, BCH 5304, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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47
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Rand AW, Montgomery J. Catalytic reduction of aryl trialkylammonium salts to aryl silanes and arenes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5338-5344. [PMID: 31191891 PMCID: PMC6540906 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl trialkylammonium salts serve as versatile substrates for nickel-catalyzed reductions, allowing access to functionalized arenes and aryl silanes.
A new approach for the reduction of aryl ammonium salts to arenes or aryl silanes using nickel catalysis is reported. This method displays excellent ligand-controlled selectivity based on the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand employed. Utilizing a large NHC in non-polar solvents generates aryl silanes, while small NHCs in polar solvents promote reduction to arenes. Several classes of aryl silanes can be accessed from simple aniline building blocks, including those useful for cross-couplings, oxidations, and halogenations. The reaction conditions are mild, functional group tolerant, and provide efficient access to a variety of benzene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Rand
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave. , Ann Arbor , MI 48109-1055 , USA .
| | - John Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 N. University Ave. , Ann Arbor , MI 48109-1055 , USA .
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48
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Wright SE, Richardson‐Solorzano S, Stewart TN, Miller CD, Morris KC, Daley CJA, Clark TB. Accessing Ambiphilic Phosphine Boronates through C−H Borylation by an Unforeseen Cationic Iridium Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2834-2838. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn E. Wright
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | | | - Tiffany N. Stewart
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Christopher D. Miller
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Kelsey C. Morris
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Christopher J. A. Daley
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Timothy B. Clark
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUniversity of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
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49
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Wright SE, Richardson‐Solorzano S, Stewart TN, Miller CD, Morris KC, Daley CJA, Clark TB. Accessing Ambiphilic Phosphine Boronates through C−H Borylation by an Unforeseen Cationic Iridium Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn E. Wright
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | | | - Tiffany N. Stewart
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Christopher D. Miller
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Kelsey C. Morris
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Christopher J. A. Daley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
| | - Timothy B. Clark
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry University of San Diego 5998 Alcalá Park San Diego CA 92110 USA
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50
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Wang X, Wang Z, Nishihara Y. Nickel/copper-cocatalyzed decarbonylative silylation of acyl fluorides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:10507-10510. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05325e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A transformation of acyl fluorides with silylboron via nickel/copper-cocatalysed carbon–fluorine bond cleavage and a sequential decarbonylation, which provides an efficient protocol to functionalize arylsilanes, has been disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Yasushi Nishihara
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science
- Okayama University 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
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