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Hassan AU, Sumrra SH, Mustafa G, Noreen S, Ali A, Sara S, Imran M. Enhancing NLO performance by utilizing tyrian purple dye as donor moiety in organic DSSCs with end capped acceptors: A theoretical study. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 124:108538. [PMID: 37327646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of new organic dyes (T1-T6) with nonfullerene acceptors have been theoretically designed around the chemical structure of tyrian purple (T) natural dye. For their ground state energy parameters, all the molecular geometries of those dyes were optimized by density functional theory (DFT) at its Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) level of theory with 6-31G+(d,p) basis sets. When benchmarking against several long range and range separated levels of theory, the Coulomb attenuated B3LYP (CAM-B3LYP) produced most accurate absorption maxima (λmax) value to that of T so it was further employed for further Time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) with natural bond orbital (NBO) studies were used to study their intra molecular charge transfer (ICT). All of the dyes had their energy gaps (Eg) values between their FMOs to range around 0.96-3.39 eV, whereas the starting reference dye had an Eg of 1.30 eV. Their ionization potential (IP) values were ranged to be 3.07-7.25 eV which indicated their nature to loss electrons. The λ max in chloroform was marginally red-shifted with a value 600-625 from T (580 nm). The dye T6 showed its highest linear polarizability (<α>), and first and second order hyperpolarizabilities (β and γ). The synthetic experts can find the present research to design finest NLO materials for current and future uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar U Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad H Sumrra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sadaf Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Sara
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61514, P. O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Naphthobispyrazine bisimide-based semiconducting polymers as electron acceptors for all-polymer photovoltaic cells. Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-022-00749-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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3
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Hassan AU, Sumrra SH, Mustafa G, Nazar MF, Zafar MN. Efficient and tunable enhancement of NLO performance for indaceno-based donor moiety in A-π-D-π-D-π-A type first DSSC design by end-capped acceptors. J Mol Model 2022; 29:4. [PMID: 36481993 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05402-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The organic dyes with non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) have aided in the creation of competitive organic solar cells (OSCs) with long-term sustainability. A series of NFA dyes (IDIC-R1-IDIC-R9) have been designed by varying the end-capped fluorinated moieties (PD1-PD6) at indaceno (IDIC) core. METHODS All the calculations were performed by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT)-based approaches. All the geometries were optimized at B3LYP/6-31G + (d,p) of DFT level at their ground state energies. Out of several density functionals, the CAM-B3LYP with 6-31G + (d,p) basis sets was selected after a benchmark study to carry out further calculations. All the dyes had their bandgaps in 0.11-3.12 eV while their starting reference dye had a bandgap value of 2.01 eV. RESULTS Their ionization potential (IP) implied that these dyes have strong tendency to lose electrons. The λmax of the dyes was slightly redshifted from the IDIC (476 nm) and IDIC-R (479 nm) when changing solvent polarity from methanol to DCM and then chloroforms. The natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis showed the (S63)LP → (C61-C62)π* with highest stabilization energy. Their electron injection analysis showed that these dyes can be a good anode material against the aluminum and gold electrodes. The intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process and stability of the dyes were investigated using frontier molecular orbital (FMO) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. CONCLUSION Among all dyes, IDIC-R8 has the highest linear polarizability and second-order hyperpolarizability (βtotal). All the dyes demonstrated promising non-linear optical (NLO) properties due to their low charge transfer barriers. Scientists would be able to exploit these properties to identify the best NLO materials for existing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar U Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Sajjad H Sumrra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad F Nazar
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Multan Campus, Lahore, 60700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad N Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
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Li P, Zhou L, Zhao C, Ju H, Gao Q, Si W, Cheng L, Hao J, Li M, Chen Y, Jia C, Guo X. Single-molecule nano-optoelectronics: insights from physics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:086401. [PMID: 35623319 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices promise a potential solution for miniaturization and functionalization of silicon-based microelectronic circuits in the future. For decades of its fast development, this field has made significant progress in the synthesis of optoelectronic materials, the fabrication of single-molecule devices and the realization of optoelectronic functions. On the other hand, single-molecule optoelectronic devices offer a reliable platform to investigate the intrinsic physical phenomena and regulation rules of matters at the single-molecule level. To further realize and regulate the optoelectronic functions toward practical applications, it is necessary to clarify the intrinsic physical mechanisms of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, we provide a timely review to survey the physical phenomena and laws involved in single-molecule optoelectronic materials and devices, including charge effects, spin effects, exciton effects, vibronic effects, structural and orbital effects. In particular, we will systematically summarize the basics of molecular optoelectronic materials, and the physical effects and manipulations of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. In addition, fundamentals of single-molecule electronics, which are basic of single-molecule optoelectronics, can also be found in this review. At last, we tend to focus the discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in the field of single-molecule optoelectronics, and propose further potential breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Si
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cheng
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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A comprehensive investigation of structural features, electron delocalization, optoelectronic and anti-corrosion characteristics in furan oligomers by DFT/TDDFT method. Theor Chem Acc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-021-02760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sláma V, Perlík V, Langhals H, Walter A, Mančal T, Hauer J, Šanda F. Anharmonic Molecular Motion Drives Resonance Energy Transfer in peri-Arylene Dyads. Front Chem 2020; 8:579166. [PMID: 33330367 PMCID: PMC7732524 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.579166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spectral and dynamical properties of molecular donor-acceptor systems strongly depend on the steric arrangement of the constituents with exciton coupling J as a key control parameter. In the present work we study two peri-arylene based dyads with orthogonal and parallel transition dipoles for donor and acceptor moieties, respectively. We show that the anharmonic multi-well character of the orthogonal dyad's intramolecular potential explains findings from both stationary and time-resolved absorption experiments. While for a parallel dyad, standard quantum chemical estimates of J at 0 K are in good agreement with experimental observations, J becomes vanishingly small for the orthogonal dyad, in contrast to its ultrafast experimental transfer times. This discrepancy is not resolved even by accounting for harmonic fluctuations along normal coordinates. We resolve this problem by supplementing quantum chemical approaches with dynamical sampling of fluctuating geometries. In contrast to the moderate Gaussian fluctuations of J for the parallel dyad, fluctuations for the orthogonal dyad are found to follow non-Gaussian statistics leading to significantly higher effective J in good agreement with experimental observations. In effort to apply a unified framework for treating the dynamics of optical coherence and excitonic populations of both dyads, we employ a vibronic approach treating electronic and selected vibrational degrees on an equal footing. This vibronic model is used to model absorption and fluorescence spectra as well as donor-acceptor transport dynamics and covers the more traditional categories of Förster and Redfield transport as limiting cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Sláma
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Václav Perlík
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Heinz Langhals
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Walter
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tomáš Mančal
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jürgen Hauer
- Professur für Dynamische Spektroskopien, Fakultät für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - František Šanda
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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7
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Fine-tuning HOMO energy levels between PM6 and PBDB-T polymer donors via ternary copolymerization. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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8
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Kumar R, Aggarwal H, Srivastava A. Of Twists and Curves: Electronics, Photophysics, and Upcoming Applications of Non-Planar Conjugated Organic Molecules. Chemistry 2020; 26:10653-10675. [PMID: 32118325 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-planar conjugated organic molecules (NPCOMs) contain π-conjugation across their length and also exhibit asymmetry in their conformation. In other words, certain molecular fragments in NPCOMs are either twisted or curved out of planarity. This conformational asymmetry in NPCOMs leads to non-uniform charge-distribution across the molecule, with important photophysical and electronic consequences such as altered thermodynamic stability, chemical reactivity, as well as materials properties. Majorly, NPCOMs can be classified as having either Fused or Rotatable architectures. NPCOMs have been the focus of significant scientific attention in the recent past due to their exciting photophysical behavior that includes intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT), thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and long-lived charge-separated states. In addition, they also have many useful materials characteristics such as biradical character, semi-conductivity, dynamic conformations, and mechanochromism. As a result, rational design of NPCOMs and mapping their structure-property correlations has become imperative. Researchers have executed conformational changes in NPCOMs through a variety of external stimuli such as pH, temperature, anions-cations, solvent, electric potential, and mechanical force in order to tailor their photophysical, optoelectronic and magnetic properties. Converging to these points, this review highlights the lucrative electronic features, photophysical traits and upcoming applications of NPCOMs by a selective survey of the recent scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Himanshu Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462066, India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal (IISER Bhopal), Bhauri, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhopal, 462066, India
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Sousa LE, Coropceanu V, da Silva Filho DA, Sini G. On the Physical Origins of Charge Separation at Donor–Acceptor Interfaces in Organic Solar Cells: Energy Bending versus Energy Disorder. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Evaristo Sousa
- Theoretical and Structural Chemistry GroupState University of Goiás 75133‐050 Anápolis Brazil
| | - Veaceslav Coropceanu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and ElectronicsGeorgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332‐0400 USA
| | - Demétrio Antônio da Silva Filho
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, EA 2528University of Cergy‐Pontoise 5 mail Gay‐Lussac 95031 Cergy‐Pontoise Cedex France
- Institute for Advanced StudiesUniversity of Cergy‐Pontoise 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville‐sur‐Oise France
- Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Brasilia 70919‐970 Brasília Brazil
| | - Gjergji Sini
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, EA 2528University of Cergy‐Pontoise 5 mail Gay‐Lussac 95031 Cergy‐Pontoise Cedex France
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10
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Engineering Charge-Transfer States for Efficient, Low-Energy-Loss Organic Photovoltaics. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Lee C, Lee S, Kim GU, Lee W, Kim BJ. Recent Advances, Design Guidelines, and Prospects of All-Polymer Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2019; 119:8028-8086. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 409] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Seungjin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Geon-U Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Wonho Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, South Korea
| | - Bumjoon J. Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea
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Synthesis, characterization and photovoltaic behaviours of peripheral and non-peripheral tetra-[4-(4-octylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy] substituted zinc(II), cobalt(II), copper(II) and indium(III) phthalocyanines. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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13
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Bhattacharyya D, Montenegro A, Dhar P, Mammetkuliyev M, Pankow RM, Jung MC, Thompson ME, Thompson BC, Benderskii AV. Molecular Orientation of Poly-3-hexylthiophene at the Buried Interface with Fullerene. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1757-1762. [PMID: 30908051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular orientation at the donor-acceptor interface plays a crucial role in determining the efficiency of organic semiconductor materials. We have used vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy to determine the orientation of poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT) at the planar buried interface with fullerene (C60). The thiophene rings of P3HT have been found to tilt significantly toward C60, making an average angle θ ≈ 49° ± 10° between the plane of the ring and the interface. Such tilt may be attributed to π-π stacking interactions between P3HT and C60 and may facilitate efficient charge transfer between donor and acceptor. Upon annealing, the thiophene rings tilt away from the interface by Δθ = 12-19°. This may be attributed to higher crystallinity of annealed P3HT that propagates all the way to the interface, resulting in more "edge-on" orientation, which is consistent with the observed red-shift by ∼6 cm-1 and spectral narrowing of the C=C stretch bands.
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Yang J, Chen F, Hu J, Geng Y, Zeng Q, Tang A, Wang X, Zhou E. Planar Benzofuran Inside-Fused Perylenediimide Dimers for High V OC Fullerene-Free Organic Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:4203-4210. [PMID: 30618230 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bulk heterojunction organic solar cells based on perylenediimide (PDI) derivatives as electron acceptors have afforded high power conversion efficiency (PCE) but still lagged behind fullerene-based analogues. Design of novel molecular structures by adjusting the PDI ring and/or connection mode remains the breakthrough point to improve the photovoltaic performance. After introducing benzofuran at the inside bay positions and being linked with a single bond and a fluorene unit, mandatory planar PDI dimers were achieved and named FDI2 and F-FDI2. Both acceptors show high-lying LUMO energy levels and realize high VOC beyond 1.0 V when using the classic polymer of PBDB-T as an electron donor. However, FDI2 and F-FDI2 gave totally different photovoltaic performance with PCEs of 0.15 and 6.33%, respectively. The central fluorene linkage increased the miscibility of materials and ensured a much higher short-circuit current because of the formation of suitable phase separation. Our results demonstrated that utilizing the mandatory planar skeleton of PDI dimers is a simple and effective strategy to achieve high-performance nonfullerene electron acceptors, and the modulation of central conjugated units is also vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Junyi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yanfang Geng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Qingdao Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Ailing Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiaochen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- Henan Institutes of Advanced Technology , Zhengzhou University , 97 Wenhua Road , Zhengzhou 450003 , China
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Wadsworth A, Moser M, Marks A, Little MS, Gasparini N, Brabec CJ, Baran D, McCulloch I. Critical review of the molecular design progress in non-fullerene electron acceptors towards commercially viable organic solar cells. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:1596-1625. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00892a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 678] [Impact Index Per Article: 135.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A critical analysis of the molecular design strategies employed in the recent progress of non-fullerene electron acceptors for organic photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wadsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Maximilian Moser
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Adam Marks
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Mark S. Little
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
| | - Nicola Gasparini
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET)
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
| | - Christoph J. Brabec
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Energy Technology (I-MEET)
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Bavarian Center for Applied Energy Research (ZAE Bayern)
| | - Derya Baran
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
- KAUST Solar Center (KSC)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- KSC Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Iain McCulloch
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics
- Imperial College London
- London
- UK
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division
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16
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Nübling F, Yang D, Müller-Buschbaum P, Brinkmann M, Sommer M. In Situ Synthesis of Ternary Block Copolymer/Homopolymer Blends for Organic Photovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:18149-18160. [PMID: 29742897 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b04753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A detailed investigation of in situ-synthesized all-conjugated block copolymer (BCP) compatibilized ternary blends containing poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly{[ N, N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dibcarboximide)-2,6-diyl]- alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} (PNDIT2) as donor and acceptor polymers, respectively, is presented. Both polymers are incompatible and show strong segregation in blends, which renders compatibilization with their corresponding BCPs promising to enable nanometer-phase-separated structures suitable for excitonic devices. Here, we synthesize a ternary block copolymer/homopolymer blend system and investigate the phase behavior as a function of block copolymer molecular weight and different annealing conditions. The device performance decreases on increasing annealing temperatures. To understand this effect, morphological investigations including atomic force microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and grazing incidence wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS/GISAXS) are carried out. On comparing domain sizes of pristine and compatibilized blends obtained from GISAXS, a weak compatibilization effect appears to take place for the in situ-synthesized ternary systems. The effect of thermal annealing is most prevalent for all samples, which, for the highest annealing temperature above the melting point of PNDIT2 (310 °C), ultimately leads to a change from the face-on to edge-on orientation of PNDIT2, as seen in GIWAXS. This effect dominates and decreases all photovoltaic parameters, irrespective of whether a pristine or compatibilized blend is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritz Nübling
- Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Stefan-Meier-Straße 31 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Stefan-Meier-Straße 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Dan Yang
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Straße 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Peter Müller-Buschbaum
- Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Physik Department , Technische Universität München , James-Franck-Straße 1 , 85748 Garching , Germany
| | - Martin Brinkmann
- Institut Charles Sadron , CNRS-Univeristé de Strasbourg , 23 rue de Loess , 67034 Strasbourg , France
| | - Michael Sommer
- Institut für Chemie , Technische Universität Chemnitz , Straße der Nationen 62 , 09111 Chemnitz , Germany
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17
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Zhang G, Zhao J, Chow PCY, Jiang K, Zhang J, Zhu Z, Zhang J, Huang F, Yan H. Nonfullerene Acceptor Molecules for Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3447-3507. [PMID: 29557657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 570] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The bulk-heterojunction blend of an electron donor and an electron acceptor material is the key component in a solution-processed organic photovoltaic device. In the past decades, a p-type conjugated polymer and an n-type fullerene derivative have been the most commonly used electron donor and electron acceptor, respectively. While most advances of the device performance come from the design of new polymer donors, fullerene derivatives have almost been exclusively used as electron acceptors in organic photovoltaics. Recently, nonfullerene acceptor materials, particularly small molecules and oligomers, have emerged as a promising alternative to replace fullerene derivatives. Compared to fullerenes, these new acceptors are generally synthesized from diversified, low-cost routes based on building block materials with extraordinary chemical, thermal, and photostability. The facile functionalization of these molecules affords excellent tunability to their optoelectronic and electrochemical properties. Within the past five years, there have been over 100 nonfullerene acceptor molecules synthesized, and the power conversion efficiency of nonfullerene organic solar cells has increased dramatically, from ∼2% in 2012 to >13% in 2017. This review summarizes this progress, aiming to describe the molecular design strategy, to provide insight into the structure-property relationship, and to highlight the challenges the field is facing, with emphasis placed on most recent nonfullerene acceptors that demonstrated top-of-the-line photovoltaic performances. We also provide perspectives from a device point of view, wherein topics including ternary blend device, multijunction device, device stability, active layer morphology, and device physics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangye Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Philip C Y Chow
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Kui Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Jianquan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China
| | - Zonglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
| | - He Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction , Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon, Hong Kong , China.,HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing first RD, Hi-tech Park , Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057 , China.,Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , P. R. China
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18
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Niyas MA, Ramakrishnan R, Vijay V, Hariharan M. Structure-Packing-Property Correlation of Self-Sorted Versus Interdigitated Assembly in TTF⋅TCNQ-Based Charge-Transport Materials. Chemistry 2018; 24:12318-12329. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. A. Niyas
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
| | - Remya Ramakrishnan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
| | - Vishnu Vijay
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
| | - Mahesh Hariharan
- School of Chemistry; Indian Institute of, Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Vithura; Thiruvananthapuram 695551 Kerala India
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19
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Xu Y, Yuan J, Sun J, Zhang Y, Ling X, Wu H, Zhang G, Chen J, Wang Y, Ma W. Widely Applicable n-Type Molecular Doping for Enhanced Photovoltaic Performance of All-Polymer Solar Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:2776-2784. [PMID: 29314821 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A widely applicable doping design for emerging nonfullerene solar cells would be an efficient strategy in order to further improve device photovoltaic performance. Herein, a family of compound TBAX (TBA= tetrabutylammonium, X = F, Cl, Br, or I, containing Lewis base anions are considered as efficient n-dopants for improving polymer-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) performance. In all cases, significantly increased fill factor (FF) and slightly increased short-circuit current density (Jsc) are observed, leading to a best PCE of 7.0% for all-PSCs compared to that of 5.8% in undoped devices. The improvement may be attributed to interaction between different anions X- (X = F, Cl, Br, and I) in TBAX with the polymer acceptor. We reveal that adding TBAX at relatively low content does not have a significantly impact on blend morphology, while it can reduce the work function (WF) of the electron acceptor. We find this simple and solution processable n-type doping can efficiently restrain charge recombination in all-polymer solar cell devices, resulting in improved FF and Jsc. More importantly, our findings may provide new protocles and insights using n-type molecular dopants in improving the performance of current polymer-polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianyu Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianxia Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yannan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xufeng Ling
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Haihua Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guobing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Display Technology of the Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory of Special Display Technology, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Technology, Academy of Photoelectric Technology, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei 230009, China
| | - Junmei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wanli Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University , Suzhou 215123, China
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20
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Liu Z, Zhang L, Shao M, Wu Y, Zeng D, Cai X, Duan J, Zhang X, Gao X. Fine-Tuning the Quasi-3D Geometry: Enabling Efficient Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells Based on Perylene Diimides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:762-768. [PMID: 29250948 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The geometries of acceptors based on perylene diimides (PDIs) are important for improving the phase separation and charge transport in organic solar cells. To fine-tune the geometry, biphenyl, spiro-bifluorene, and benzene were used as the core moiety to construct quasi-three-dimensional nonfullerene acceptors based on PDI building blocks. The molecular geometries, energy levels, optical properties, photovoltaic properties, and exciton kinetics were systematically studied. The structure-performance relationship was discussed as well. Owing to the finest phase separation, the highest charge mobility and smallest nongeminate recombination, the power conversion efficiency of nonfullerene solar cells using PDI derivatives with biphenyl core (BP-PDI4) as acceptor reached 7.3% when high-performance wide band gap donor material poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-di-2-thienyl-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione))] was blended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitian Liu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Linhua Zhang
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Ming Shao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yao Wu
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Di Zeng
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xiang Cai
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jiashun Duan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhang
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology , Wuhan 430073, China
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21
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Pham PTT, Young VG, Bader MM. The impact of vinylene bridges and side chain alkyl groups on the solid state structures of tricyanovinyl-substituted thiophenes. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce01574g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this work is to examine the solid state structures of compounds that have been designed for increased conjugation and solubility, as these factors are important if these compounds are to be used in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor G. Young
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Mamoun M. Bader
- Department of Chemistry
- Alfaisal University
- Riyadh 11533
- Saudi Arabia
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22
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Nakamura M, Jomura A, Takada T, Yamana K. Photocurrent Enhancement in DNA-Scaffolded Chromophore-Aggregate-Functionalized Systems Containing Multiple Types of Chromophores. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunobu Nakamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha, Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Ayumi Jomura
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha, Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Tadao Takada
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha, Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
| | - Kazushige Yamana
- Department of Applied Chemistry; University of Hyogo; 2167 Shosha, Himeji Hyogo 671-2280 Japan
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23
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Yuan XA, Wen J, Zheng D, Ma J. Simulations of absorption spectra of conjugated oligomers: role of planar conformation and aggregation in condensed phase. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1402967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China
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24
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Liu F, Hou T, Xu X, Sun L, Zhou J, Zhao X, Zhang S. Recent Advances in Nonfullerene Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuchuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Hou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xiangfei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Liya Sun
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; Johns Hopkins University; 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Xingang Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Johns Hopkins University; 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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25
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Yeh MY, Lin HC. Theoretical Investigation of the Intermolecular Charge-Transfer Interactions of Poly-p
-Phenylene Oligomers. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yu Yeh
- Integrative Stem Cell Center; China Medical University Hospital; Taichung 40447 Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences; China Medical University; Taichung 40402 Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chieh Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National Chiao Tung University; Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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26
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Zhao R, Bi Z, Dou C, Ma W, Han Y, Liu J, Wang L. Polymer Electron Acceptors with Conjugated Side Chains for Improved Photovoltaic Performance. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory
of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhaozhao Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior
of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Chuandong Dou
- State Key Laboratory
of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior
of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yanchun Han
- State Key Laboratory
of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory
of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory
of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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27
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Bin H, Yang Y, Zhang ZG, Ye L, Ghasemi M, Chen S, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Sun C, Xue L, Yang C, Ade H, Li Y. 9.73% Efficiency Nonfullerene All Organic Small Molecule Solar Cells with Absorption-Complementary Donor and Acceptor. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:5085-5094. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Bin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yankang Yang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Long Ye
- Department
of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Masoud Ghasemi
- Department
of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Department
of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - Yindong Zhang
- National
Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Synergetic
Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhang
- National
Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, and
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Synergetic
Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chenkai Sun
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingwei Xue
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Changduk Yang
- Department
of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering,
Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, South Korea
| | - Harald Ade
- Department
of Physics and Organic and Carbon Electronics Lab (ORaCEL), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Yongfang Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of
Organic Solids, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular
Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Laboratory
of Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical
Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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28
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Wang C, Wu N, Jacobs DL, Xu M, Yang X, Zang L. Discrimination of alkyl and aromatic amine vapors using TTF–TCNQ based chemiresistive sensors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1132-1135. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08237h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chemiresistors based on TTF–TCNQ microfibers can discriminate alkyl and aromatic amine vapors through the dramatic difference in signal recovery kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Utah
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Na Wu
- Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Utah
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Daniel L. Jacobs
- Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Utah
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Miao Xu
- Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Utah
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Utah
- Salt Lake City
- USA
| | - Ling Zang
- Nano Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Utah
- Salt Lake City
- USA
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29
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Hempe M, Reggelin M. Molecular packing and morphological stability of dihydro-indeno[1,2-b]fluorenes in the context of their substitution pattern. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09401a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis and structural characterization of a series of dihydroindeno[1,2-b]fluorene (IF) derivatives with various side chain substituents is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Hempe
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - M. Reggelin
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
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30
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The origin of high PCE in PTB7 based photovoltaics: proper charge neutrality level and free energy of charge separation at PTB7/PC 71BM interface. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35262. [PMID: 27734957 PMCID: PMC5062304 DOI: 10.1038/srep35262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The energy level alignments at donor/acceptor interfaces in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) play a decisive role in device performance. However, little is known about the interfacial energetics in polymer OPVs due to technical issues of the solution process. Here, the frontier ortbial line-ups at the donor/acceptor interface in high performance polymer OPVs, PTB7/PC71BM, were investigated using in situ UPS, XPS and IPES. The evolution of energy levels during PTB7/PC71BM interface formation was investigated using vacuum electrospray deposition, and was compared with that of P3HT/PC61BM. At the PTB7/PC71BM interface, the interface dipole and the band bending were absent due to their identical charge neutrality levels. In contrast, a large interfacial dipole was observed at the P3HT/PC61BM interface. The measured photovoltaic energy gap (EPVG) was 1.10 eV for PTB7/PC71BM and 0.90 eV for P3HT/PC61BM. This difference in the EPVG leads to a larger open-circuit voltage of PTB7/PC71BM than that of P3HT/PC61BM.
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31
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Jiang B, Yao J, Zhan C. Modulating PCBM-Acceptor Crystallinity and Organic Solar Cell Performance by Judiciously Designing Small-Molecule Mainchain End-Capping Units. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:26058-26065. [PMID: 27618875 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we report that the bulk-size and electron-donating/electron-accepting nature of moieties, which are end-capping onto small-molecule donor mainchain, not only modulate the donor's absorption, molecular frontier orbitals, and phase ordering, but also effectively tune the PC71BM-acceptor phase crystallinity. Compared to the electron-deficient trifluoromethyl (SM-CF3) units on the diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) small molecule mainchain ends, the electron-rich methoxyl (SM-OCH3) units ending on the same mainchain help improve the PC71BM-acceptor phase short-range ordering. As a result, the -OCH3 capping small-molecule displays larger short-circuit current density (Jsc) when blended with PC71BM (10.72 ± 0.22 vs. 16.15 ± 0.53 mA/cm2). However, the electron-donating nature of -OCH3 raises the donor HOMO level, which leads to a quite small open-circuit voltage (Voc) (0.624 vs. 0.881 V). Replacement of the -OCH3 with the large and weak electron-donating aromatic carbazolyl (SM-Cz) ones affords the small molecule of SM-Cz. The SM-Cz:PC71BM system affords a high Voc of 0.846 V and a large Jsc of 13.33 ± 0.34 mA/cm2 after thermal annealing, and hence gives a larger power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.26 ± 0.13%, which is among the top values achieved so far from the DPP molecules. Taken together, these results demonstrate that engineering the end-capping units on small-molecule donor mainchain can effectively modulate the organic solar cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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32
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Wang C, Bunes BR, Xu M, Wu N, Yang X, Gross DE, Zang L. Interfacial Donor–Acceptor Nanofibril Composites for Selective Alkane Vapor Detection. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Benjamin R. Bunes
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Miao Xu
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Na Wu
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Dustin E. Gross
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ling Zang
- Nano
Institute of Utah and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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33
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Hartnett PE, Matte HSSR, Eastham ND, Jackson NE, Wu Y, Chen LX, Ratner MA, Chang RPH, Hersam MC, Wasielewski MR, Marks TJ. Ring-fusion as a perylenediimide dimer design concept for high-performance non-fullerene organic photovoltaic acceptors. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3543-3555. [PMID: 29997846 PMCID: PMC6007210 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04956c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of perylenediimide (PDI) dimers are evaluated as acceptors for organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. The materials are characterized using a wide variety of physical and computational techniques. These dimers are first linked at the bay position of each PDI molecule via an aromatic spacer; subsequent photocyclization affords ring-fused dimers. Thus, photocyclization of the thiophene-linked dimer 2,5-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1-yl]-thiophene (T1) affords the twisted acceptor [2,3-b:2',3'-d]-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1,12-yl]-thiophene (T2), while photocyclization of the thienothiophene-linked dimer, 2,5-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1-yl]-thienothiophene (TT1) affords the planar acceptor [2,3-b:2',3'-d]-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1,12-yl]-thienothiophene (TT2). Furthermore, a dimer linked by a phenylene group, 1,4-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1-yl]-benzene (Ph1), can be selectively photocyclized to form either the twisted dimer, [1,2:3,4]-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1,12-yl]-benzene (Ph1a) or the planar dimer [1,2:4,5]-bis-[N,N'-bis-perylenediimide-1,12-yl]-benzene (Ph2b). Ring-fusion results in increased electronic coupling between the PDI units, and increased space-charge limited thin film electron mobility. While charge transport is efficient in bulk-heterojunction blends of each dimer with the polymeric donor PBDTT-FTTE, in the case of the twisted dimers ring fusion leads to a significant decrease in geminate recombination, hence increased OPV photocurrent density and power conversion efficiency. This effect is not observed in planar dimers where ring fusion leads to increased crystallinity and excimer formation, decreased photocurrent density, and decreased power conversion efficiency. These results argue that ring fusion is an effective approach to increasing OPV bulk-heterojunction charge carrier generation efficiency in PDI dimers as long as they remain relatively amorphous, thereby suppressing excimer formation and coulombically trapped charge transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick E Hartnett
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - H S S Ramakrishna Matte
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ; .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
| | - Nicholas D Eastham
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - Nicholas E Jackson
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - Mark A Ratner
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - Robert P H Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ; .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ;
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA . ; .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering and the Materials Research Center , The Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , USA
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34
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Jiang B, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Yu G, Yao J, Zhan C. A comparative study of photovoltaic performance between non-fullerene and fullerene based organic solar cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08827a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A perylene diimide dimer based non-fullerene acceptor shows a promising efficiency of 5.24% and 6.36% with PBDTTT-C-T and PBDT-TS1 as the donor, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanhui Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Gui Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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35
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Gautam BR, Lee C, Younts R, Lee W, Danilov E, Kim BJ, Gundogdu K. Charge Generation Dynamics in Efficient All-Polymer Solar Cells: Influence of Polymer Packing and Morphology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:27586-27591. [PMID: 26630116 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
All-polymer solar cells exhibit rapid progress in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 2 to 7.7% over the past few years. While this improvement is primarily attributed to efficient charge transport and balanced mobility between the carriers, not much is known about the charge generation dynamics in these systems. Here we measured exciton relaxation and charge separation dynamics using ultrafast spectroscopy in polymer/polymer blends with different molecular packing and morphology. These measurements indicate that preferential face-on configuration with intermixed nanomorphology increases the charge generation efficiency. In fact, there is a direct quantitative correlation between the free charge population in the ultrafast time scales and the external quantum efficiency, suggesting not only the transport but also charge generation is key for the design of high performance all polymer solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Changyeon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Wonho Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) , Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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36
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Synthesis and photovoltaic properties of low bandgap dimeric perylene diimide based non-fullerene acceptors. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5485-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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37
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Ye L, Jiao X, Zhou M, Zhang S, Yao H, Zhao W, Xia A, Ade H, Hou J. Manipulating aggregation and molecular orientation in all-polymer photovoltaic cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6046-54. [PMID: 26315155 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating molecular orientation at the donor/acceptor interface is the key to boosting charge separation properties and efficiencies of anisotropic-materials-based organic photovoltaics (OPVs). By replacing the polymeric donor PBDTBDD with its 2D-conjugated polymer PBDTBDD-T, the power conversion efficiency of OPVs featuring the anisotropic polymer acceptor PNDI is drastically boosted from 2.4% up to 5.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xuechen Jiao
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Meng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Huifeng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Wenchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Andong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Harald Ade
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Jianhui Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
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38
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Sauvé G, Fernando R. Beyond Fullerenes: Designing Alternative Molecular Electron Acceptors for Solution-Processable Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaics. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:3770-80. [PMID: 26722869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are promising candidates for providing a low cost, widespread energy source by converting sunlight into electricity. Solution-processable active layers have predominantly consisted of a conjugated polymer donor blended with a fullerene derivative as the acceptor. Although fullerene derivatives have been the acceptor of choice, they have drawbacks such as weak visible light absorption and poor energy tuning that limit overall efficiencies. This has recently fueled new research to explore alternative acceptors that would overcome those limitations. During this exploration, one question arises: what are the important design principles for developing nonfullerene acceptors? It is generally accepted that acceptors should have high electron affinity, electron mobility, and absorption coefficient in the visible and near-IR region of the spectra. In this Perspective, we argue that alternative molecular acceptors, when blended with a conjugated polymer donor, should also have large nonplanar structures to promote nanoscale phase separation, charge separation and charge transport in blend films. Additionally, new material design should address the low dielectric constant of organic semiconductors that have so far limited their widespread application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Sauvé
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Roshan Fernando
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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39
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Le TP, Shang Z, Wang L, Li N, Vajjala Kesava S, O’Connor JW, Chang Y, Bae C, Zhu C, Hexemer A, Gomez EW, Salleo A, Hickner MA, Gomez ED. Miscibility and Acid Strength Govern Contact Doping of Organic Photovoltaics with Strong Polyelectrolytes. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhengrong Shang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Ying Chang
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Chulsung Bae
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Chenhui Zhu
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alexander Hexemer
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | - Alberto Salleo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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40
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Amorphous oxide alloys as interfacial layers with broadly tunable electronic structures for organic photovoltaic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:7897-902. [PMID: 26080437 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508578112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In diverse classes of organic optoelectronic devices, controlling charge injection, extraction, and blocking across organic semiconductor-inorganic electrode interfaces is crucial for enhancing quantum efficiency and output voltage. To this end, the strategy of inserting engineered interfacial layers (IFLs) between electrical contacts and organic semiconductors has significantly advanced organic light-emitting diode and organic thin film transistor performance. For organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, an electronically flexible IFL design strategy to incrementally tune energy level matching between the inorganic electrode system and the organic photoactive components without varying the surface chemistry would permit OPV cells to adapt to ever-changing generations of photoactive materials. Here we report the implementation of chemically/environmentally robust, low-temperature solution-processed amorphous transparent semiconducting oxide alloys, In-Ga-O and Ga-Zn-Sn-O, as IFLs for inverted OPVs. Continuous variation of the IFL compositions tunes the conduction band minima over a broad range, affording optimized OPV power conversion efficiencies for multiple classes of organic active layer materials and establishing clear correlations between IFL/photoactive layer energetics and device performance.
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41
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Kuang H, Janik MJ, Gomez ED. Quantifying the role of interfacial width on intermolecular charge recombination in block copolymer photovoltaics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Kuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Michael J. Janik
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Enrique D. Gomez
- Department of Chemical Engineering; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
- Materials Research Institute; The Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania 16802
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42
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Ochsmann JR, Chandran D, Gehrig DW, Anwar H, Madathil PK, Lee KS, Laquai F. Triplet State Formation in Photovoltaic Blends of DPP-Type Copolymers and PC71
BM. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:1122-8. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian R. Ochsmann
- Max Planck Research Group for Organic Optoelectronics; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Advanced Materials; Hannam University; Daejeon 305-811 Korea
| | - Dominik W. Gehrig
- Max Planck Research Group for Organic Optoelectronics; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Husna Anwar
- Department of Physics; Mount Holyoke College; 50 College St South Hadley MA 01075 USA
| | | | - Kwang-Sup Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials; Hannam University; Daejeon 305-811 Korea
| | - Frédéric Laquai
- Max Planck Research Group for Organic Optoelectronics; Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research; Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
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43
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Bartynski AN, Gruber M, Das S, Rangan S, Mollinger S, Trinh C, Bradforth SE, Vandewal K, Salleo A, Bartynski RA, Bruetting W, Thompson ME. Symmetry-Breaking Charge Transfer in a Zinc Chlorodipyrrin Acceptor for High Open Circuit Voltage Organic Photovoltaics. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:5397-405. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Gruber
- Institute
for Physics, Augsburg University, 86135 Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Sylvie Rangan
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Sonya Mollinger
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | | | | | - Koen Vandewal
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert A. Bartynski
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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44
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhan C, Yao J. Origin of effects of additive solvent on film-morphology in solution-processed nonfullerene solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6462-6471. [PMID: 25761629 DOI: 10.1021/am507581w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report an efficient nonfullerene solar cell based on small molecules of p-DTS(FBTTh2)2 and bis-PDI-T. Characterization data indicate that the nature of the acceptor aggregate is a key factor that affects the photocurrent. There is a good relationship between the short-circuit current density (J(SC)) and the phase size of the acceptor-rich domains. The phase size of the acceptor-rich domains is tuned by both the additive types and additive content. As the kind of additive goes from 1-chloronaphthalene (CN) to 1,8-octanedithiol (ODT) and 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO), by this order the solubility of the acceptor in the additive is down, the phase size significantly decreases from over 400 nm down to 30 nm. Also, the acceptor's domain size decreases from 80 to 30 nm as the DIO content ([DIO]) is down from 1% to 0.15%. Following this trend, less DIO remains in the wet film as residue after the host chloroform evaporates, and thus less acceptor can be dissolved in the residue DIO. This decreasing of DIO content acts on the film-morphology similarly as the additive changes down to the one having a lower solubility. Accordingly, our results indicate that it is the dissolved amount of the organic component in the residue additive solvent of the wet film that plays a role in turning the phase size. The efficiency from this small molecule system is significantly raised from 0.02% up to 3.7% by selecting the additive type and fine-tuning the additive content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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45
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Bou Zerdan R, Cohn P, Puodziukynaite E, Baker MB, Voisin M, Sarun C, Castellano RK. Synthesis, optical properties, and electronic structures of nucleobase-containing π-conjugated oligomers. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1828-40. [PMID: 25581330 DOI: 10.1021/jo502773g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The molecular recognition properties of the nucleobases instruct the formation of complex three-dimensional architectures in natural and synthetic systems; relatively unexplored is their use as building blocks for π-conjugated materials where they might mutually tune electronic and supramolecular structures. Toward this goal, an introductory set (1a-d and 2a-d) of six purine-terminated and two pyrimidine-terminated π-conjugated oligomers has been synthesized and used to develop experimental electronic and photophysical structure-property trends. Unlike 2,2':5',2″-terthiophene (TTT) derivatives 2a-d, intramolecular charge transfer dominates oligomers 1a-d bearing a 4,7-bisthienylbenzothiadiazole (TBT) spacer due to the strong electron-accepting ability of its benzothiadiazole (BTD) ring. The resulting donor-acceptor-donor systems feature lower HOMO-LUMO gaps than the terthiophene-linked nucleobases (ΔE(g) ∼ 1.8 eV vs 2.4 eV based on electrochemical measurements), and the lowest so far for π-conjugated molecules that include nucleobases within the π-framework. Experiments reveal a dependence of photophysical and electronic structure on the nature of the nucleobase and are in good agreement with theoretical calculations performed at the B3LYP/6-31+G** level. Overall, the results show how nucleobase heterocycles can be installed within π-systems to tune optical and electronic properties. Future work will evaluate the consequences of these information-rich components on supramolecular π-conjugated structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghida Bou Zerdan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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46
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Abstract
Non-fullerene organic molecules are alternative and competitive acceptor materials for high-efficiency organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
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47
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Xiao B, Ding G, Tan Z, Zhou E. A comparison of n-type copolymers based on cyclopentadithiophene and naphthalene diimide/perylene diimides for all-polymer solar cell applications. Polym Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5py01054c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT)-based n-type copolymers, PCPDT-NDI and PCPDT-PDI, were synthesized and used in all-polymer solar cells with PCE of 1.12% and 2.13%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Guodong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhan'ao Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells
- School of Renewable Energy
- North China Electric Power University
- Beijing 102206
- P. R. China
| | - Erjun Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication
- National Center for Nanoscience and Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Academy of Nanotechnology and Industry Development Research
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48
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Zhang Y, Peng C, Ma X, Che Y, Zhao J. Fluorescent and photoconductive nanoribbons as a dual-mode sensor for selective discrimination of alkyl amines versus aromatic amines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:15004-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05382j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoribbons were used as a dual-mode sensor, which exhibited orthogonal responses when exposed to alkyl amines versus aromatic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100080
- China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100080
- China
| | - Xiaojie Ma
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100080
- China
| | - Yanke Che
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100080
- China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100080
- China
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49
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Liu F, Li H, Gu C, Fu H. Effect of alkyl-chain branching position on nanoscale morphology and performance of all-polymer solar cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The improved performance of an all-polymer solar cell was attributed to the well-ordered structure of polymer C3 and nanoscale phase separation in a blend film of the polymer, which resulted from manipulating the alkyl-chain branching position of the polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Chunling Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hongbing Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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50
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Zhang X, Yao J, Zhan C. A selenophenyl bridged perylene diimide dimer as an efficient solution-processable small molecule acceptor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1058-61. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08457h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This communication presents a new efficient selenophenyl-bridged PDI dimer based acceptor with 4% efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
| | - Chuanlang Zhan
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science
- CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
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