1
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Georges T, Chèvre R, Cousin SF, Gervais C, Thureau P, Mollica G, Azaïs T. 43Ca MAS-DNP NMR of Frozen Solutions for the Investigation of Calcium Ion Complexation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:4881-4891. [PMID: 38313477 PMCID: PMC10831850 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Calcium ion complexation in aqueous solutions is of paramount importance in biology as it is related to cell signaling, muscle contraction, or biomineralization. However, Ca2+-complexes are dynamic soluble entities challenging to describe at the molecular level. Nuclear magnetic resonance appears as a method of choice to probe Ca2+-complexes. However, 43Ca NMR exhibits severe limitations arising from the low natural abundance coupled to the low gyromagnetic ratio and the quadrupolar nature of 43Ca, which overall make it a very unreceptive nucleus. Here, we show that 43Ca dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) NMR of 43Ca-labeled frozen solutions is an efficient approach to enhance the NMR receptivity of 43Ca and to obtain structural insights about calcium ions complexed with representative ligands including water molecules, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and l-aspartic acid (l-Asp). In these conditions and in combination with numerical simulations and calculations, we show that 43Ca nuclei belonging to Ca2+ complexed to the investigated ligands exhibit rather low quadrupolar couplings (with CQ typically ranging from 0.6 to 1 MHz) due to high symmetrical environments and potential residual dynamics in vitrified solutions at a temperature of 100 K. As a consequence, when 1H→43Ca cross-polarization (CP) is used to observe 43Ca central transition, "high-power" νRF(43Ca) conditions, typically used to detect spin 1/2 nuclei, provide ∼120 times larger sensitivity than "low-power" conditions usually employed for detection of quadrupolar nuclei. These "high-power" CPMAS conditions allow two-dimensional (2D) 1H-43Ca HetCor spectra to be readily recorded, highlighting various Ca2+-ligand interactions in solution. This significant increase in 43Ca NMR sensitivity results from the combination of distinct advantages: (i) an efficient 1H-mediated polarization transfer from DNP, resembling the case of low-natural-abundance spin 1/2 nuclei, (ii) a reduced dynamics, allowing the use of CP as a sensitivity enhancement technique, and (iii) the presence of a relatively highly symmetrical Ca environment, which, combined to residual dynamics, leads to the averaging of the quadrupolar interaction and hence to efficient high-power CP conditions. Interestingly, these results indicate that the use of high-power CP conditions is an effective way of selecting symmetrical and/or dynamic 43Ca environments of calcium-containing frozen solution, capable of filtering out more rigid and/or anisotropic 43Ca sites characterized by larger quadrupolar constants. This approach could open the way to the atomic-level investigation of calcium environments in more complex, heterogeneous frozen solutions, such as those encountered at the early stages of calcium phosphate or calcium carbonate biomineralization events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Georges
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière
Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Romain Chèvre
- Aix
Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13397 Marseille, France
| | | | - Christel Gervais
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière
Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Thierry Azaïs
- Sorbonne
Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière
Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Chen J, Wang F, Wen Y, Tang W, Peng L. Emerging Applications of 17O Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy for Catalytic Oxides. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yujie Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weiping Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling (FSC-CEMaC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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3
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McCalpin SD, Fu R, Ravula T, Wu G, Ramamoorthy A. Magnetically aligned nanodiscs enable direct measurement of 17O residual quadrupolar coupling for small molecules. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2023; 346:107341. [PMID: 36473327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2022.107341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of 17O in NMR spectroscopy for structural studies has been limited due to its low natural abundance, low gyromagnetic ratio, and quadrupolar relaxation. Previous solution 17O work has primarily focused on studies of liquids where the 17O quadrupolar coupling is averaged to zero by isotropic molecular tumbling, and therefore has ignored the structural information contained in this parameter. Here, we use magnetically aligned polymer nanodiscs as an alignment medium to measure residual quadrupolar couplings (RQCs) for 17O-labelled benzoic acid in the aqueous phase. We show that increasing the magnetic field strength improves spectral sensitivity and resolution and that each satellite peak of the expected pentet pattern resolves clearly at 18.8 T. We observed no significant dependence of the RQC magnitudes on the magnetic field strength. However, changing the orientation of the alignment medium alters the RQC by a consistent factor, suggesting that 17O RQCs measured in this way can provide reliable orientational information for elucidations of molecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D McCalpin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Riqiang Fu
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Thirupathi Ravula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biophysics, Biomedical Engineering, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biophysics, Biomedical Engineering, Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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4
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Song B, Li Y, Wu XP, Wang F, Lin M, Sun Y, Jia AP, Ning X, Jin L, Ke X, Yu Z, Yang G, Hou W, Ding W, Gong XQ, Peng L. Unveiling the Surface Structure of ZnO Nanorods and H 2 Activation Mechanisms with 17O NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23340-23351. [PMID: 36512749 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ZnO plays a very important role in many catalytic processes involving H2, yet the details on their interactions and H2 activation mechanism are still missing, owing to the lack of a characterization method that provides resolution at the atomic scale and follows the fate of oxide surface species. Here, we apply 17O solid-state NMR spectroscopy in combination with DFT calculations to unravel the surface structure of ZnO nanorods and explore the H2 activation process. We show that six different types of oxygen ions in the surface and subsurface of ZnO can be distinguished. H2 undergoes heterolytic dissociation on three-coordinated surface zinc and oxygen ions, while the formed hydride species migrate to nearby oxygen species, generating a second hydroxyl site. When oxygen vacancies are present, homolytic dissociation of H2 occurs and zinc hydride species form from the vacancies. Reaction mechanisms on oxide surfaces can be explored in a similar manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benteng Song
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Ming Lin
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis138634, Singapore
| | - Yunhua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Ai-Ping Jia
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua321004, China
| | - Xiang Ning
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Li Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Xiaokang Ke
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Zhiwu Yu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei230031, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Ceramic Materials, School of Materials Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu215500, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenhua Hou
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China
| | - Xue-Qing Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai200237, China
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing210023, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing210093, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling (FSC-CEMaC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, China
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5
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Juramy M, Mollica G. Recent Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Strategies for Time-Resolved Atomic-Level Investigation of Crystallization from Solution. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Carnahan SL, Chen Y, Wishart JF, Lubach JW, Rossini AJ. Magic angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR spectroscopy of γ-irradiated molecular organic solids. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 119:101785. [PMID: 35405629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the past 15 years, magic angle spinning (MAS) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has emerged as a method to increase the sensitivity of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy experiments. Recently, γ-irradiation has been used to generate significant concentrations of homogeneously distributed free radicals in a variety of solids, including quartz, glucose, and cellulose. Both γ-irradiated quartz and glucose previously showed significant MAS DNP enhancements. Here, γ-irradiation is applied to twelve small organic molecules to test the applicability of γ-irradiation as a general method of creating stable free radicals for MAS DNP experiments on organic solids and pharmaceuticals. Radical concentrations in the range of 0.25 mM-10 mM were observed in irradiated glucose, histidine, malic acid, and malonic acid, and significant 1H DNP enhancements of 32, 130, 19, and 11 were obtained, respectively, as measured by 1H→13C CPMAS experiments. However, concentrations of free radicals below 0.05 mM were generally observed in organic molecules containing aromatic rings, preventing sizeable DNP enhancements. DNP sensitivity gains for several of the irradiated compounds exceed that which can be obtained with the relayed DNP approach that uses exogeneous polarizing agent solutions and impregnation procedures. In several cases, significant 1H DNP enhancements were realized at room temperature. This study demonstrates that in many cases γ-irradiation is a viable alternative to addition of stable exogenous radicals for DNP experiments on organic solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott L Carnahan
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Yunhua Chen
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - James F Wishart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Upton, NY, 11973, United States
| | - Joseph W Lubach
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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7
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Du JH, Chen L, Zhang B, Chen K, Wang M, Wang Y, Hung I, Gan Z, Wu XP, Gong XQ, Peng L. Identification of CO 2 adsorption sites on MgO nanosheets by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:707. [PMID: 35121754 PMCID: PMC8817041 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The detailed information on the surface structure and binding sites of oxide nanomaterials is crucial to understand the adsorption and catalytic processes and thus the key to develop better materials for related applications. However, experimental methods to reveal this information remain scarce. Here we show that 17O solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to identify specific surface sites active for CO2 adsorption on MgO nanosheets. Two 3-coordinated bare surface oxygen sites, resonating at 39 and 42 ppm, are observed, but only the latter is involved in CO2 adsorption. Double resonance NMR and density functional theory (DFT) calculations results prove that the difference between the two species is the close proximity to H, and CO2 does not bind to the oxygen ions with a shorter O···H distance of approx. 3.0 Å. Extensions of this approach to explore adsorption processes on other oxide materials can be readily envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huan Du
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Lam Research Corporation, Fremont, California, CA, 94538, USA
| | - Kuizhi Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-3706, USA
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering (CCME), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-3706, USA
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, FL, 32310-3706, USA
| | - Xin-Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xue-Qing Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry and Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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8
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Chen J, Wu XP, Hope MA, Lin Z, Zhu L, Wen Y, Zhang Y, Qin T, Wang J, Liu T, Xia X, Wu D, Gong XQ, Tang W, Ding W, Liu X, Chen L, Grey CP, Peng L. Surface differences of oxide nanocrystals determined by geometry and exogenously coordinated water molecules. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11083-11090. [DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03885d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Both atomic geometry and the influence of surroundings (e.g., exogenously coordinated water) are key issues for determining the chemical environment of oxide surfaces, whereas the latter is usually ignored and should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xin-Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Michael A. Hope
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Zhiye Lin
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources (SISP), Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Yujie Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tian Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xifeng Xia
- Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xue-Qing Gong
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Centre for Computational Chemistry, Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources (SISP), Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, In situ Center for Physical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Clare P. Grey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Luming Peng
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling (FSC-CEMaC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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9
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Shen J, Terskikh V, Struppe J, Hassan A, Monette M, Hung I, Gan Z, Brinkmann A, Wu G. Solid-state 17O NMR study of α-d-glucose: exploring new frontiers in isotopic labeling, sensitivity enhancement, and NMR crystallography. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2591-2603. [PMID: 35340864 PMCID: PMC8890099 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06060k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the first “total synthesis” of 17O-labeled d-glucose and its solid-state 17O NMR characterization with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Victor Terskikh
- Metrology, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, MA 01821, USA
| | - Alia Hassan
- Bruker Switzerland AG, Fällanden, Switzerland
| | - Martine Monette
- Bruker Biospin Ltd., 2800 High Point Drive, Suite 206, Milton, Ontario L9T 6P4, Canada
| | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, USA
| | - Andreas Brinkmann
- Metrology, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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10
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Ha M, Nader S, Pawsey S, Struppe J, Monette M, Mansy SS, Boekhoven J, Michaelis VK. Racing toward Fast and Effective 17O Isotopic Labeling and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of N-Formyl-MLF-OH and Associated Building Blocks. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:11916-11926. [PMID: 34694819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state 1H, 13C, and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been an essential analytical method in studying complex molecules and biomolecules for decades. While oxygen-17 (17O) NMR is an ideal and robust candidate to study hydrogen bonding within secondary and tertiary protein structures for example, it continues to elude many. We discuss an improved multiple-turnover labeling procedure to develop a fast and cost-effective method to 17O label fluoroenylmethyloxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected amino acid building blocks. This approach allows for inexpensive ($0.25 USD/mg) insertion of 17O labels, an important barrier to overcome for future biomolecular studies. The 17O NMR results of these building blocks and a site-specific strategy for labeled N-acetyl-MLF-OH and N-formyl-MLF-OH tripeptides are presented. We showcase growth in NMR development for maximizing sensitivity gains using emerging sensitivity enhancement techniques including population transfer, high-field dynamic nuclear polarization, and cross-polarization magic-angle spinning cryoprobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Serge Nader
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Shane Pawsey
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker Biospin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Martine Monette
- Bruker BioSpin Ltd., Bruker Corporation, 555 Steeles Avenue E, Milton, Ontario L9T 1Y6, Canada
| | - Sheref S Mansy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Job Boekhoven
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching 85748, Germany.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 2a, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Vladimir K Michaelis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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11
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Nagashima H, Trébosc J, Kon Y, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Efficient transfer of DNP-enhanced 1 H magnetization to half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solids at moderate spinning rate. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2021; 59:920-939. [PMID: 33300128 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We show herein how the proton magnetization enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can be efficiently transferred at moderate magic-angle spinning (MAS) frequencies to half-integer quadrupolar nuclei, S ≥ 3/2, using the Dipolar-mediated Refocused Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (D-RINEPT) technique, in which a symmetry-based SR 4 1 2 recoupling scheme built from adiabatic inversion 1 H pulses reintroduces the 1 H-S dipolar couplings, while suppressing the 1 H-1 H ones. The use of adiabatic pulses also improves the robustness to offsets and radiofrequency (rf)-field inhomogeneity. Furthermore, the efficiency of the polarization transfer is further improved by using 1 H composite pulses and continuous-wave irradiations between the recoupling blocks, as well as by manipulating the S satellite transitions during the first recoupling block. Furthermore, in the case of large 1 H-S dipolar couplings, the D-RINEPT variant with two pulses on the quadrupolar channel results in an improved transfer efficiency. We compare here the performances of this new adiabatic scheme with those of its parent version with single π pulses, as well as with those of PRESTO and CPMAS transfers. This comparison is performed using simulations as well as DNP-enhanced 27 Al, 95 Mo, and 17 O NMR experiments on isotopically unmodified γ-alumina, hydrated titania-supported MoO3 , Mg(OH)2 , and l-histidine·HCl·H2 O. The introduced RINEPT method outperforms the existing methods, both in terms of efficiency and robustness to rf-field inhomogeneity and offset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nagashima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 - IMEC - Institut Michel-Eugène Chevreul, Lille, France
| | - Yoshihiro Kon
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, Lille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, Lille, France
- Bruker BioSpin, Wissembourg, France
- NMR Science and Development Division, Riken, Yokohama, Japan
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12
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Kobayashi T, Pruski M. Indirectly Detected DNP-Enhanced 17 O NMR Spectroscopy: Observation of Non-Protonated Near-Surface Oxygen at Naturally Abundant Silica and Silica-Alumina. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1441-1445. [PMID: 34019318 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can be used to detect 17 O solid-state NMR spectra of naturally abundant samples within a reasonable experimental time. Observations using indirect DNP, which relies on 1 H mediation in transferring electron hyperpolarization to 17 O, are currently limited mostly to hydroxyls. Direct DNP schemes can hyperpolarize non-protonated oxygen near the radicals; however, they generally offer much lower signal enhancements. In this study, we demonstrate the detection of signals from non-protonated 17 O in materials containing silicon. The sensitivity boost that made the experiment possible originates from three sources: indirect DNP excitation of 29 Si via protons, indirect detection of 17 O through 29 Si nuclei using two-dimensional 29 Si{17 O} D-HMQC, and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill refocusing of 29 Si magnetization during acquisition. This 29 Si-detected scheme enabled, for the first time, 2D 17 O-29 Si heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy in mesoporous silica and silica-alumina surfaces at natural abundance. In contrast to the silanols showing motion-averaged 17 O signals, the framework oxygens exhibit unperturbed powder patterns as unambiguous fingerprints of surface sites. Along with hydroxyl oxygens, detection of these moieties will help in gaining more atomistic-scale insights into surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kobayashi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, United States
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, United States
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13
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Gómez J, Rankin A, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Tsutsumi Y, Nagashima H, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Improved NMR transfer of magnetization from protons to half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei at moderate and high magic-angle spinning frequencies. MAGNETIC RESONANCE (GOTTINGEN, GERMANY) 2021; 2:447-464. [PMID: 37904781 PMCID: PMC10539806 DOI: 10.5194/mr-2-447-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Half-integer spin quadrupolar nuclei are the only magnetic isotopes for the majority of the chemical elements. Therefore, the transfer of polarization from protons to these isotopes under magic-angle spinning (MAS) can provide precious insights into the interatomic proximities in hydrogen-containing solids, including organic, hybrid, nanostructured and biological solids. This transfer has recently been combined with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) in order to enhance the NMR signal of half-integer quadrupolar isotopes. However, the cross-polarization transfer lacks robustness in the case of quadrupolar nuclei, and we have recently introduced as an alternative technique a D -RINEPT (through-space refocused insensitive nuclei enhancement by polarization transfer) scheme combining a heteronuclear dipolar recoupling built from adiabatic pulses and a continuous-wave decoupling. This technique has been demonstrated at 9.4 T with moderate MAS frequencies, ν R ≈ 10 -15 kHz, in order to transfer the DNP-enhanced 1 H polarization to quadrupolar nuclei. Nevertheless, polarization transfers from protons to quadrupolar nuclei are also required at higher MAS frequencies in order to improve the 1 H resolution. We investigate here how this transfer can be achieved at ν R ≈ 20 and 60 kHz. We demonstrate that the D -RINEPT sequence using adiabatic pulses still produces efficient and robust transfers but requires large radio-frequency (rf) fields, which may not be compatible with the specifications of most MAS probes. As an alternative, we introduce robust and efficient variants of the D -RINEPT and PRESTO (phase-shifted recoupling effects a smooth transfer of order) sequences using symmetry-based recoupling schemes built from single and composite π pulses. Their performances are compared using the average Hamiltonian theory and experiments at B 0 = 18.8 T on γ -alumina and isopropylamine-templated microporous aluminophosphate (AlPO4 -14), featuring low and significant 1 H-1 H dipolar interactions, respectively. These experiments demonstrate that the 1 H magnetization can be efficiently transferred to 27 Al nuclei using D -RINEPT with SR 4 1 2 (2700 90180 ) recoupling and using PRESTO with R 22 2 7 (1800 ) or R 16 7 6 (2700 90180 ) schemes at ν R = 20 or 62.5 kHz, respectively. The D -RINEPT and PRESTO recoupling schemes complement each other since the latter is affected by dipolar truncation, whereas the former is not. We also analyze the losses during these recoupling schemes, and we show how these magnetization transfers can be used at ν R = 62.5 kHz to acquire in 72 min 2D HETCOR (heteronuclear correlation) spectra between 1 H and quadrupolar nuclei, with a non-uniform sampling (NUS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S. Gómez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Andrew G. M. Rankin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, 59000, France
- present address: Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Collège de
France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), 4 place Jussieu, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, FR 2638 –
IMEC – Fédération Chevreul, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, 59000, France
| | - Yu Tsutsumi
- Bruker Japan, 3-9 Moriya, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa,
221-0022, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nagashima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1
Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, 59000, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, Paris, 75231,
France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 – UCCS – Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille, 59000, France
- Riken NMR Science and Development Division, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
- Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, Wissembourg, 67166, France
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14
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Gordon CP, Lätsch L, Copéret C. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: A Spectroscopic Probe to Understand the Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Molecules and Materials. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2072-2085. [PMID: 33617260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective focuses on the ability of chemical shift to identify and characterize the electronic structure and associated reactivity of molecules and materials. After a general introduction on NMR parameters, we will show selected examples where the chemical shift of various NMR active nuclei has been used to investigate and understand electronic properties, with a particular focus on organometallic compounds and inorganic materials with relevance to catalysis. We will demonstrate how the NMR parameter of probe molecules and ligands can be used to elucidate the nature of active sites and how they can help to understand and predict their reactivity. Lastly, we will give an overview over recent advances in deciphering metal NMR parameters. Overall, we show how chemical shift is a reactivity descriptor that can be analyzed and understood on a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Gordon
- ETH Zurich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Lätsch
- ETH Zurich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- ETH Zurich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Matsuki Y, Kobayashi T, Fukazawa J, Perras FA, Pruski M, Fujiwara T. Efficiency analysis of helium-cooled MAS DNP: case studies of surface-modified nanoparticles and homogeneous small-molecule solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4919-4926. [PMID: 33620367 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05658h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite the growing number of successful applications of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR in structural biology and materials science, the nuclear polarizations achieved by current MAS DNP instrumentation are still considerably lower than the theoretical maximum. The method could be significantly strengthened if experiments were performed at temperatures much lower than those currently widely used (∼100 K). Recently, the prospects of helium (He)-cooled MAS DNP have been increased with the instrumental developments in MAS technology that uses cold helium gas for sample cooling. Despite the additional gains in sensitivity that have been observed with He-cooled MAS DNP, the performance of the technique has not been evaluated in the case of surfaces and interfaces that benefit the most from DNP. Herein, we studied the efficiency of DNP at temperatures between ∼30 K and ∼100 K for organically functionalized silica material and a homogeneous solution of small organic molecules at a magnetic field B0 = 16.4 T. We recorded the changes in signal enhancement, paramagnet-induced quenching and depolarization effects, DNP build-up rate, and Boltzmann polarization. For these samples, the increases in MAS-induced depolarization and DNP build-up times at around 30 K were not as severe as anticipated. In the case of the surface species, we determined that MAS DNP at 30 K provided ∼10 times higher sensitivity than MAS DNP at 90 K, which corresponds to the acceleration of experiments by multiplicative factors of up to 100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoh Matsuki
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - Jun Fukazawa
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Frédéric A Perras
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - Marek Pruski
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3020, USA
| | - Toshimichi Fujiwara
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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16
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Carnevale D, Mouchaham G, Wang S, Baudin M, Serre C, Bodenhausen G, Abergel D. Natural abundance oxygen-17 solid-state NMR of metal organic frameworks enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:2245-2251. [PMID: 33443274 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06064j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 17O resonances of zirconium-oxo clusters that can be found in porous Zr carboxylate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been investigated by magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy enhanced by dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). High-resolution 17O spectra at 0.037% natural abundance could be obtained in 48 hours, thanks to DNP enhancement of the 1H polarization by factors ε(1H) = Swith/Swithout = 28, followed by 1H → 17O cross-polarization, allowing a saving in experimental time by a factor of ca. 800. The distinct 17O sites from the oxo-clusters can be resolved at 18.8 T. Their assignment is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations of chemical shifts and quadrupolar parameters. Protonation of 17O sites seems to be leading to large characteristic shifts. Hence, natural abundance 17O NMR spectra of diamagnetic MOFs can thus be used to probe and characterize the local environment of different 17O sites on an atomic scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Carnevale
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
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17
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Zaytseva EV, Mazhukin DG. Spirocyclic Nitroxides as Versatile Tools in Modern Natural Sciences: From Synthesis to Applications. Part I. Old and New Synthetic Approaches to Spirocyclic Nitroxyl Radicals. Molecules 2021; 26:677. [PMID: 33525514 PMCID: PMC7865516 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirocyclic nitroxyl radicals (SNRs) are stable paramagnetics bearing spiro-junction at a-, b-, or g-carbon atom of the nitroxide fragment, which is part of the heterocyclic system. Despite the fact that the first representatives of SNRs were obtained about 50 years ago, the methodology of their synthesis and their usage in chemistry and biochemical applications have begun to develop rapidly only in the last two decades. Due to the presence of spiro-function in the SNRs molecules, the latter have increased stability to various reducing agents (including biogenic ones), while the structures of the biradicals (SNBRs) comprises a rigid spiro-fused core that fixes mutual position and orientation of nitroxide moieties that favors their use in dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) experiments. This first review on SNRs will give a glance at various strategies for the synthesis of spiro-substituted, mono-, and bis-nitroxides on the base of six-membered (piperidine, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, 9,9'(10H,10H')-spirobiacridine, piperazine, and morpholine) or five-membered (2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole, pyrrolidine, 2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole, 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole, imidazolidine, and oxazolidine) heterocyclic cores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitrii G. Mazhukin
- Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), Academician Lavrentiev Ave. 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
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18
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Klein BA, Tkachuk DG, Terskikh VV, Michaelis VK. Expanding the NMR toolkit for biological solids: oxygen-17 enriched Fmoc-amino acids. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02847b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the solid-state 17O NMR parameters for five previously uncharacterized N-α-fluoren-9-yl-methoxycarbonyl-O-t-butyl (Fmoc) protected amino acids.
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19
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Li Y, Equbal A, Tabassum T, Han S. 1H Thermal Mixing Dynamic Nuclear Polarization with BDPA as Polarizing Agents. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9195-9202. [PMID: 33058676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) is a sensitivity enhancing technique for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. A recent discovery of Overhauser Effect (OE) DNP in insulating systems under cryogenic conditions using 1,3-bisdiphenylene-2-phenylallyl (BDPA) as the polarizing agent (PA) has caught attention due to its promising DNP performance at a high magnetic field and under fast magic angle spinning conditions. However, the mechanism of OE in insulating-solids/BDPA is unclear. We present an alternative explanation that the dominant underlying DNP mechanism of BDPA is Thermal Mixing (TM). This is ascertained with the discovery that TM effect is enhanced by multi-electron spin coupling, which is corroborated by an asymmetric electron paramagnetic resonance line shape signifying the coexistence of clustered and isolated BDPA species, and by hyperpolarized electron spin populations giving rise to an electron spin polarization gradient which are characteristic signatures of TM DNP. Finally, quantum mechanical simulations using spatially asymmetrically coupled three electron spins and a nuclear spin demonstrate that triple-flip DNP, with hyperfine fluctuations turned off, can yield the 1H DNP profile as observed with BDPA. Clarifying the DNP mechanism is critical to develop design principles for optimizing the PA for achieving optimal DNP efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Asif Equbal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Tarnuma Tabassum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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20
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Wang Z, Hanrahan MP, Kobayashi T, Perras FA, Chen Y, Engelke F, Reiter C, Purea A, Rossini AJ, Pruski M. Combining fast magic angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization with indirect detection to further enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 109:101685. [PMID: 32932182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and indirect detection are two commonly applied approaches for enhancing the sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. However, their use in tandem has not yet been investigated. With the advent of low-temperature fast magic angle spinning (MAS) probes with 1.3-mm diameter rotors capable of MAS at 40 kHz it becomes feasible to combine these two techniques. In this study, we performed DNP-enhanced 2D indirectly detected heteronuclear correlation (idHETCOR) experiments on 13C, 15N, 113Cd and 89Y nuclei in functionalized mesoporous silica, CdS nanoparticles, and Y2O3 nanoparticles. The sensitivity of the 2D idHETCOR experiments was compared with those of DNP-enhanced directly-detected 1D cross polarization (CP) and 2D HETCOR experiments performed with a standard 3.2-mm rotor. Due to low CP polarization transfer efficiencies and large proton linewidth, the sensitivity gains achieved by indirect detection alone were lower than in conventional (non-DNP) experiments. Nevertheless, despite the smaller sample volume the 2D idHETCOR experiments showed better absolute sensitivities than 2D HETCOR experiments for nuclei with the lowest gyromagnetic ratios. For 89Y, 2D idHETCOR provided 8.2 times better sensitivity than the 1 D89Y-detected CP experiment performed with a 3.2-mm rotor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Wang
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Michael P Hanrahan
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Frédéric A Perras
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Yunhua Chen
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | | | | | - Armin Purea
- Bruker Biospin, 76287, Rheinstetten, Germany
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States.
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States.
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21
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Viger-Gravel J, Paruzzo FM, Cazaux C, Jabbour R, Leleu A, Canini F, Florian P, Ronzon F, Gajan D, Lesage A. Atomic-Scale Description of Interfaces between Antigen and Aluminum-Based Adjuvants Used in Vaccines by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2020; 26:8976-8982. [PMID: 32428253 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The addition of aluminum-based adjuvants in vaccines enhances the immune response to antigens. The strength of antigen adsorption on adjuvant gels is known to modulate vaccine efficacy. However, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between aluminum gels and antigens is still missing. Herein, a new analytical approach based on dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) enhanced NMR spectroscopy under magic angle spinning (MAS) is implemented to provide a molecular description of the antigen-adjuvant interface. This approach is demonstrated on hepatitis B surface antigen particles in combination with three aluminum gels obtained from different suppliers. Both noncovalent and covalent interactions between the phospholipids of the antigen particles and the surface of the aluminum gels are identified by using MAS DNP NMR 27 Al and 31 P correlation experiments. Although covalent interactions were detected for only one of the formulations, dipolar recoupling rotational echo adiabatic passage double resonance (REAPDOR) experiments reveal significant differences in the strength of weak interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Viger-Gravel
- Centre de résonance magnétique à très hauts champs (CRMN), FRE 2034 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, ENS-Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Federico M Paruzzo
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques Batochime, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1530, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Corine Cazaux
- Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 av. Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - Ribal Jabbour
- Centre de résonance magnétique à très hauts champs (CRMN), FRE 2034 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, ENS-Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Amandine Leleu
- Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 av. Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - Françoise Canini
- Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 av. Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - Pierre Florian
- CNRS, UPR3079 CEMHTI, 1D ave de la Recherche Scientifique, 45100, Orléans, France
| | - Frédéric Ronzon
- Sanofi Pasteur, 1541 av. Marcel Mérieux, 69280, Marcy l'Étoile, France
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de résonance magnétique à très hauts champs (CRMN), FRE 2034 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, ENS-Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de résonance magnétique à très hauts champs (CRMN), FRE 2034 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, ENS-Lyon, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
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22
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Jardón-Álvarez D, Reuveni G, Harchol A, Leskes M. Enabling Natural Abundance 17O Solid-State NMR by Direct Polarization from Paramagnetic Metal Ions. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5439-5445. [PMID: 32551646 PMCID: PMC7370305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) significantly enhances the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), increasing its applications and the quality of NMR spectroscopy as a characterization tool for materials. Efficient spin diffusion among the nuclear spins is considered to be essential for spreading the hyperpolarization throughout the sample, enabling large DNP enhancements. This scenario mostly limits the polarization enhancement of low-sensitivity nuclei in inorganic materials to the surface sites when the polarization source is an exogenous radical. In metal-ion-based DNP, the polarization agents are distributed in the bulk sample and act as a source of both relaxation and polarization enhancement. We have found that as long as the polarization agent is the main source of relaxation, the enhancement does not depend on the distance between the nucleus and dopant. As a consequence, the requirement of efficient spin diffusion is lifted, and the entire sample can be directly polarized. We exploit this finding to measure high-quality NMR spectra of 17O in the electrode material Li4Ti5O12 doped with Fe(III) despite its low abundance and long relaxation time.
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23
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A brief introduction to the basics of NMR spectroscopy and selected examples of its applications to materials characterization. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that gives information on the local magnetic field around atomic nuclei. Since the local magnetic field of the nucleus is directly influenced by such features of the molecular structure as constitution, configuration, conformation, intermolecular interactions, etc., NMR can provide exhaustive information on the chemical structure, which is unrivaled by any other analytical method. Starting from the 1950s, NMR spectroscopy first revolutionized organic chemistry and became an indispensable tool for the structure elucidation of small, soluble molecules. As the technique evolved, NMR rapidly conquered other disciplines of chemical sciences. When the analysis of macromolecules and solids also became feasible, the technique turned into a staple in materials characterization, too. All aspects of NMR spectroscopy, including technical and technological development, as well as its applications in natural sciences, have been growing exponentially since its birth. Hence, it would be impossible to cover, or even touch on, all topics of importance related to this versatile analytical tool. In this tutorial, we aim to introduce the reader to the basic principles of NMR spectroscopy, instrumentation, historical development and currently available brands, practical cost aspects, sample preparation, and spectrum interpretation. We show a number of advanced techniques relevant to materials characterization. Through a limited number of examples from different fields of materials science, we illustrate the immense scope of the technique in the analysis of materials. Beyond our inherently limited introduction, an ample list of references should help the reader to navigate further in the field of NMR spectroscopy.
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24
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Gervais C, Bonhomme C, Laurencin D. Recent directions in the solid-state NMR study of synthetic and natural calcium phosphates. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 107:101663. [PMID: 32325374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Materials containing a calcium phosphate component have been the subject of much interest to NMR spectroscopists, especially in view of understanding the structure and properties of mineralized tissues like bone and teeth, and of developing synthetic biomaterials for bone regeneration. Here, we present a selection of recent developments in their structural characterization using advanced solid state NMR experiments, highlighting the level of insight which can now be accessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Gervais
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR 7574, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Christian Bonhomme
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), UMR 7574, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
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Nagashima H, Trébosc J, Kon Y, Sato K, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Observation of Low-γ Quadrupolar Nuclei by Surface-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10659-10672. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nagashima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yoshihiro Kon
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l’industrie, F-67166 Wissembourg, France
- Riken NMR Science and Development Division, Yokohama, 230-0045 Kanagawa, Japan
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26
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Wu G. 17O NMR studies of organic and biological molecules in aqueous solution and in the solid state. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 114-115:135-191. [PMID: 31779879 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review describes the latest developments in the field of 17O NMR spectroscopy of organic and biological molecules both in aqueous solution and in the solid state. In the first part of the review, a general theoretical description of the nuclear quadrupole relaxation process in isotropic liquids is presented at a mathematical level suitable for non-specialists. In addition to the first-order quadrupole interaction, the theory also includes additional relaxation mechanisms such as the second-order quadrupole interaction and its cross correlation with shielding anisotropy. This complete theoretical treatment allows one to assess the transverse relaxation rate (thus the line width) of NMR signals from half-integer quadrupolar nuclei in solution over the entire range of motion. On the basis of this theoretical framework, we discuss general features of quadrupole-central-transition (QCT) NMR, which is a particularly powerful method of studying biomolecules in the slow motion regime. Then we review recent advances in 17O QCT NMR studies of biological macromolecules in aqueous solution. The second part of the review is concerned with solid-state 17O NMR studies of organic and biological molecules. As a sequel to the previous review on the same subject [G. Wu, Prog. Nucl. Magn. Reson. Spectrosc. 52 (2008) 118-169], the current review provides a complete coverage of the literature published since 2008 in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
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27
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Rankin AGM, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Recent developments in MAS DNP-NMR of materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:116-143. [PMID: 31189121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of the atomic-level structure and dynamics of materials. Nevertheless, the use of this technique is often limited by its lack of sensitivity, which can prevent the observation of surfaces, defects or insensitive isotopes. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been shown to improve by one to three orders of magnitude the sensitivity of NMR experiments on materials under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS), at static magnetic field B0 ≥ 5 T, conditions allowing for the acquisition of high-resolution spectra. The field of DNP-NMR spectroscopy of materials has undergone a rapid development in the last ten years, spurred notably by the availability of commercial DNP-NMR systems. We provide here an in-depth overview of MAS DNP-NMR studies of materials at high B0 field. After a historical perspective of DNP of materials, we describe the DNP transfers under MAS, the transport of polarization by spin diffusion and the various contributions to the overall sensitivity of DNP-NMR experiments. We discuss the design of tailored polarizing agents and the sample preparation in the case of materials. We present the DNP-NMR hardware and the influence of key experimental parameters, such as microwave power, magnetic field, temperature and MAS frequency. We give an overview of the isotopes that have been detected by this technique, and the NMR methods that have been combined with DNP. Finally, we show how MAS DNP-NMR has been applied to gain new insights into the structure of organic, hybrid and inorganic materials with applications in fields, such as health, energy, catalysis, optoelectronics etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G M Rankin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS-FR2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, F-67166, Wissembourg, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231, Paris, France.
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28
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Chmelka BF. Materializing opportunities for NMR of solids. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 306:91-97. [PMID: 31377152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in sensitivity and resolution of NMR of solids are opening a bonanza of fundamental and technological opportunities in materials science. Many of these are at the boundaries of related disciplines that provide creative inputs to motivate the development of new methodologies and possibilities for new applications. As Boltzmann limitations are surmounted by dynamic-nuclear-polarization- and laser-enhanced hyperpolarization techniques, the correlative benefits of multidimensional NMR are becoming more and more impactful. Nevertheless, there are limits, and the atomic-level information provided by solid-state NMR will be most useful in combination with state-of-the-art diffraction, microscopy, computational, and materials synthesis methods. Collectively these can be expected to lead to design criteria that will promote discovery of new materials, lead to novel or improved material properties, catalyze new applications, and motivate further methodological advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley F Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
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29
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Smith AN, Märker K, Hediger S, De Paëpe G. Natural Isotopic Abundance 13C and 15N Multidimensional Solid-State NMR Enabled by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4652-4662. [PMID: 31361489 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has made feasible solid-state NMR experiments that were previously thought impractical due to sensitivity limitations. One such class of experiments is the structural characterization of organic and biological samples at natural isotopic abundance (NA). Herein, we describe the many advantages of DNP-enabled ssNMR at NA, including the extraction of long-range distance constraints using dipolar recoupling pulse sequences without the deleterious effects of dipolar truncation. In addition to the theoretical underpinnings in the analysis of these types of experiments, numerous applications of DNP-enabled ssNMR at NA are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam N Smith
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Katharina Märker
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Sabine Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble , France
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30
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Brownbill NJ, Lee D, De Paëpe G, Blanc F. Detection of the Surface of Crystalline Y 2O 3 Using Direct 89Y Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3501-3508. [PMID: 31150249 PMCID: PMC6589743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Nuclei with low gyromagnetic ratio (γ) present a serious sensitivity challenge for nulear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Recently, dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has shown great promise in overcoming this hurdle by indirect hyperpolarization (via 1H) of these low-γ nuclei. Here we show that at a magnetic field of 9.4 T and cryogenic temperature of about 110 K direct DNP of 89Y in a frozen solution of Y(NO3)3 can offer signal enhancements greater than 80 times using exogeneous trityl OX063 monoradical by satisfying the cross effect magic angle spinning (MAS) DNP mechanism. The large signal enhancement achieved permits 89Y NMR spectra of Y2O3 and Gd2O3-added Y2O3 materials to be obtained quickly (∼30 min), revealing a range of surface yttrium hydroxyl groups in addition to the two octahedral yttrium signals of the core. The results open up promises for the observation of low gyromagnetic ratio nuclei and the detection of corresponding surface and (sub-)surface sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick J. Brownbill
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
| | - Daniel Lee
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United
Kingdom
- Stephenson
Institute for Renewable Energy, University
of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZF, United Kingdom
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31
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Giovine R, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Magnetization transfer from protons to quadrupolar nuclei in solid-state NMR using PRESTO or dipolar-mediated refocused INEPT methods. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 299:109-123. [PMID: 30594000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the through-space transfer of magnetization from protons to quadrupolar nuclei is employed to probe proximities between those isotopes. Furthermore, such transfer, in conjunction with Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP), can enhance the NMR sensitivity of quadrupolar nuclei, as it allows the transfer of DNP-enhanced 1H polarization to surrounding nuclei. We compare here the performances of two approaches to achieve such transfer: PRESTO (Phase-shifted Recoupling Effects a Smooth Transfer of Order), which is currently the method of choice to achieve the magnetization transfer from protons to quadrupolar nuclei and which has been shown to supersede Cross-Polarization under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS) for quadrupolar nuclei and D-RINEPT (Dipolar-mediated Refocused Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer) using symmetry-based SR412 recoupling, which has already been employed to transfer the magnetization in the reverse way from half-integer quadrupolar spin to protons. We also test the PRESTO sequence with R1676 recoupling using 270090180 composite π-pulses as inversion elements. This recoupling scheme, which has previously been proposed to reintroduce 1H Chemical Shift Anisotropy (CSA) at high MAS frequencies with high robustness to rf-field inhomogeneity, has not so far been employed to reintroduce dipolar couplings with protons. These various techniques to transfer magnetization from protons to quadrupolar nuclei are analyzed using (i) an average Hamiltonian theory, (ii) numerical simulations of spin dynamics, and (iii) experimental 1H → 27Al and 1H → 17O transfers in as-synthesized AlPO4-14 and 17O-labelled fumed silica, respectively. The experiments and simulations are done at two magnetic fields (9.4 and 18.8 T) and several spinning speeds (15, 18-24 and 60 kHz). This analysis indicates that owing to its γ-encoded character, PRESTO yields the highest transfer efficiency at low magnetic fields and MAS frequencies, whereas owing to its higher robustness to rf-field inhomogeneity and chemical shifts, D-RINEPT is more sensitive at high fields and MAS frequencies, notably for protons exhibiting large offset or CSA, such as those involved in hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raynald Giovine
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; IUF, Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-8181, UCCS: Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solids, F-59000 Lille, France; Bruker France, 34 rue de l'Industrie, F-67166 Wissembourg, France.
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Perras FA, Wang Z, Kobayashi T, Baiker A, Huang J, Pruski M. Shedding light on the atomic-scale structure of amorphous silica–alumina and its Brønsted acid sites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:19529-19537. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced solid-state NMR methods, using dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), are applied to probe the atomic-scale bulk structure of amorphous silica–alumina catalysts prepared by flame-spray pyrolysis, and the structure of their Brønsted acid sites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zichun Wang
- Laboratory for Catalysis Engineering
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering & Sydney Nano Institute
- University of Sydney
- Sydney
- Australia
| | | | - Alfons Baiker
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience
- ETH Zürich
- HCI
- Switzerland
| | - Jun Huang
- Laboratory for Catalysis Engineering
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering & Sydney Nano Institute
- University of Sydney
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Marek Pruski
- US DOE
- Ames Laboratory
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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Wolf T, Kumar S, Singh H, Chakrabarty T, Aussenac F, Frenkel AI, Major DT, Leskes M. Endogenous Dynamic Nuclear Polarization for Natural Abundance 17O and Lithium NMR in the Bulk of Inorganic Solids. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:451-462. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Wolf
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Harishchandra Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Tanmoy Chakrabarty
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Fabien Aussenac
- Bruker BioSpin, 34 rue de l’Industrie BP 10002, 67166 Wissembourg Cedex, France
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Dan Thomas Major
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Carnahan SL, Lampkin BJ, Naik P, Hanrahan MP, Slowing II, VanVeller B, Wu G, Rossini AJ. Probing O–H Bonding through Proton Detected 1H–17O Double Resonance Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:441-450. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b10878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott L. Carnahan
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Bryan J. Lampkin
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Pranjali Naik
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Michael P. Hanrahan
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Igor I. Slowing
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Brett VanVeller
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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Leroy C, Bryce DL. Recent advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of exotic nuclei. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 109:160-199. [PMID: 30527135 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a review of recent advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) studies of exotic nuclei. Exotic nuclei may be spin-1/2 or quadrupolar, and typically have low gyromagnetic ratios, low natural abundances, large quadrupole moments (when I > 1/2), or some combination of these properties, generally resulting in low receptivities and/or prohibitively broad line widths. Some nuclides are little studied for other reasons, also rendering them somewhat exotic. We first discuss some of the recent progress in pulse sequences and hardware development which continues to enable researchers to study new kinds of materials as well as previously unfeasible nuclei. This is followed by a survey of applications to a wide range of exotic nuclei (including e.g., 9Be, 25Mg, 33S, 39K, 43Ca, 47/49Ti, 53Cr, 59Co, 61Ni, 67Zn, 73Ge, 75As, 87Sr, 115In, 119Sn, 121/123Sb, 135/137Ba, 185/187Re, 209Bi), most of them quadrupolar. The scope of the review is the past ten years, i.e., 2007-2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Leroy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences & Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - David L Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences & Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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36
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Rossini AJ. Materials Characterization by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization-Enhanced Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5150-5159. [PMID: 30107121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for the study of organic and inorganic materials because it can directly probe the symmetry and structure at nuclear sites, the connectivity/bonding of atoms and precisely measure interatomic distances. However, NMR spectroscopy is hampered by intrinsically poor sensitivity; consequently, the application of NMR spectroscopy to many solid materials is often infeasible. High-field dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has emerged as a technique to routinely enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments by 1-3 orders of magnitude. This Perspective gives a general overview of how DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy can be applied to a variety of inorganic and organic materials. DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR experiments provide unique insights into the molecular structure, which makes it possible to form structure-activity relationships that ultimately assist in the rational design and improvement of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry , Iowa State University , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory , Ames , Iowa 50011 , United States
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37
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Zhao L, Pinon AC, Emsley L, Rossini AJ. DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy of active pharmaceutical ingredients. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2018; 56:583-609. [PMID: 29193278 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has become a valuable tool for the characterization of both pure and formulated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). However, NMR generally suffers from poor sensitivity that often restricts NMR experiments to nuclei with favorable properties, concentrated samples, and acquisition of one-dimensional (1D) NMR spectra. Here, we review how dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can be applied to routinely enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments by one to two orders of magnitude for both pure and formulated APIs. Sample preparation protocols for relayed DNP experiments and experiments on directly doped APIs are detailed. Numerical spin diffusion models illustrate the dependence of relayed DNP enhancements on the relaxation properties and particle size of the solids and can be used for particle size determination when the other factors are known. We then describe the advanced solid-state NMR experiments that have been enabled by DNP and how they provide unique insight into the molecular and macroscopic structure of APIs. For example, with large sensitivity gains provided by DNP, natural isotopic abundance, 13 C-13 C double-quantum single-quantum homonuclear correlation NMR spectra of pure APIs can be routinely acquired. DNP also enables solid-state NMR experiments with unreceptive quadrupolar nuclei such as 2 H, 14 N, and 35 Cl that are commonly found in APIs. Applications of DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy for the molecular level characterization of low API load formulations such as commercial tablets and amorphous solid dispersions are described. Future perspectives for DNP-enhanced solid-state NMR experiments on APIs are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, USA
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38
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Li W, Wang Q, Xu J, Aussenac F, Qi G, Zhao X, Gao P, Wang C, Deng F. Probing the surface of γ-Al 2O 3 by oxygen-17 dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:17218-17225. [PMID: 29900471 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03132k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
γ-Al2O3 is an important catalyst and catalyst support of industrial interest. Its acid/base characteristics are correlated to the surface structure, which has always been an issue of concern. In this work, the complex (sub-)surface oxygen species on surface-selectively labelled γ-Al2O3 were probed by 17O dynamic nuclear polarization surface-enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP-SENS). Direct 17O MAS and indirect 1H-17O cross-polarization (CP)/MAS DNP experiments enable observation of the (sub-)surface bare oxygen species and hydroxyl groups. In particular, a two-dimensional (2D) 17O 3QMAS DNP spectrum was for the first time achieved for γ-Al2O3, in which two O(Al)4 and one O(Al)3 bare oxygen species were identified. The 17O isotropic chemical shifts (δcs) vary from 56.7 to 81.0 ppm and the quadrupolar coupling constants (CQ) range from 0.6 to 2.5 MHz for the three oxygen species. The coordinatively unsaturated O(Al)3 species is characterized by a higher field chemical shift (56.7 ppm) and the largest CQ value (2.5 MHz) among these oxygen sites. 2D 1H → 17O HETCOR DNP experiments allow us to discriminate three bridging (Aln)-μ2-OH and two terminal (Aln)-μ1-OH hydroxyl groups. The structural features of the bare oxygen species and hydroxyl groups are similar for the γ-Al2O3 samples isotopically labelled by 17O2 gas or H217O. The results presented here show that the combination of surface-selective labelling and DNP-SENS is an effective approach for characterizing oxides with complex surface species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China.
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39
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Ashbrook SE, Griffin JM, Johnston KE. Recent Advances in Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:485-508. [PMID: 29324182 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to the local atomic-scale environment offers great potential for the characterization of a diverse range of solid materials. Despite offering more information than its solution-state counterpart, solid-state NMR has not yet achieved a similar level of recognition, owing to the anisotropic interactions that broaden the spectral lines and hinder the extraction of structural information. Here, we describe the methods available to improve the resolution of solid-state NMR spectra and the continuing research in this area. We also highlight areas of exciting new and future development, including recent interest in combining experiment with theoretical calculations, the rise of a range of polarization transfer techniques that provide significant sensitivity enhancements, and the progress of in situ measurements. We demonstrate the detailed information available when studying dynamic and disordered solids and discuss the future applications of solid-state NMR spectroscopy across the chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon E Ashbrook
- School of Chemistry, EaStCHEM and Centre of Magnetic Resonance, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom;
| | - John M Griffin
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Johnston
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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40
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Cao W, Wang WD, Xu HS, Sergeyev IV, Struppe J, Wang X, Mentink-Vigier F, Gan Z, Xiao MX, Wang LY, Chen GP, Ding SY, Bai S, Wang W. Exploring Applications of Covalent Organic Frameworks: Homogeneous Reticulation of Radicals for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6969-6977. [PMID: 29799739 PMCID: PMC6045815 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rapid progress has been witnessed in the past decade in the fields of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). In this contribution, we bridge these two fields by constructing radical-embedded COFs as promising DNP agents. Via polarization transfer from unpaired electrons to nuclei, DNP realizes significant enhancement of NMR signal intensities. One of the crucial issues in DNP is to screen for suitable radicals to act as efficient polarizing agents, the basic criteria for which are homogeneous distribution and fixed orientation of unpaired electrons. We therefore envisioned that the crystalline and porous structures of COFs, if evenly embedded with radicals, may work as a new "crystalline sponge" for DNP experiments. As a proof of concept, we constructed a series of proxyl-radical-embedded COFs (denoted as PR( x)-COFs) and successfully applied them to achieve substantial DNP enhancement. Benefiting from the bottom-up and multivariate synthetic strategies, proxyl radicals have been covalently reticulated, homogeneously distributed, and rigidly embedded into the crystalline and mesoporous frameworks with adjustable concentration ( x%). Excellent performance of PR( x)-COFs has been observed for DNP 1H, 13C, and 15N solid-state NMR enhancements. This contribution not only realizes the direct construction of radical COFs from radical monomers, but also explores the new application of COFs as DNP polarizing agents. Given that many radical COFs can therefore be rationally designed and facilely constructed with well-defined composition, distribution, and pore size, we expect that our effort will pave the way for utilizing radical COFs as standard polarizing agents in DNP NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Wei David Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Hai-Sen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Ivan V Sergeyev
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation , 15 Fortune Drive , Billerica , Massachusetts 01821 , United States
| | - Jochem Struppe
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation , 15 Fortune Drive , Billerica , Massachusetts 01821 , United States
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Frederic Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory , Florida State University , Tallahassee , Florida 32310 , United States
| | - Ming-Xing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Guo-Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - San-Yuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
| | - Shi Bai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Delaware , Newark , Delaware 19716 , United States
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , Gansu 730000 , China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300071 , China
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41
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Björgvinsdóttir S, Walder BJ, Pinon AC, Emsley L. Bulk Nuclear Hyperpolarization of Inorganic Solids by Relay from the Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7946-7951. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snædís Björgvinsdóttir
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brennan J. Walder
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arthur C. Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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42
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Du JH, Peng L. Recent progress in investigations of surface structure and properties of solid oxide materials with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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43
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Brownbill NJ, Gajan D, Lesage A, Emsley L, Blanc F. Oxygen-17 dynamic nuclear polarisation enhanced solid-state NMR spectroscopy at 18.8 T. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:2563-2566. [PMID: 28184389 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09743j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report 17O dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP) enhanced solid-state NMR experiments at 18.8 T. Several formulations were investigated on the Mg(OH)2 compound. A signal enhancement factor of 17 could be obtained when the solid particles were incorporated into a glassy o-terphenyl matrix doped with BDPA using the Overhauser polarisation transfer scheme whilst the cross effect mechanism enabled by TEKPol yielded a slightly lower enhancement but more time efficient data acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick J Brownbill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Blanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK. and Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
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44
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Liao WC, Ghaffari B, Gordon CP, Xu J, Copéret C. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface Enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS): Principles, protocols, and practice. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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45
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Perras FA, Boteju KC, Slowing II, Sadow AD, Pruski M. Direct 17O dynamic nuclear polarization of single-site heterogeneous catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3472-3475. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00293b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Direct DNP is shown to effectively enhance 17O signals from non-protonated binding sites for surface-supported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marek Pruski
- US DOE
- Ames Laboratory
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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46
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Keeler EG, Michaelis VK, Colvin MT, Hung I, Gor'kov PL, Cross TA, Gan Z, Griffin RG. 17O MAS NMR Correlation Spectroscopy at High Magnetic Fields. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17953-17963. [PMID: 29111706 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The structure of two protected amino acids, FMOC-l-leucine and FMOC-l-valine, and a dipeptide, N-acetyl-l-valyl-l-leucine (N-Ac-VL), were studied via one- and two-dimensional solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Utilizing 17O magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR at multiple magnetic fields (17.6-35.2 T/750-1500 MHz for 1H) the 17O quadrupolar and chemical shift parameters were determined for the two oxygen sites of each FMOC-protected amino acids and the three distinct oxygen environments of the dipeptide. The one- and two-dimensional, 17O, 15N-17O, 13C-17O, and 1H-17O double-resonance correlation experiments performed on the uniformly 13C,15N and 70% 17O-labeled dipeptide prove the attainability of 17O as a probe for structure studies of biological systems. 15N-17O and 13C-17O distances were measured via one-dimensional REAPDOR and ZF-TEDOR experimental buildup curves and determined to be within 15% of previously reported distances, thus demonstrating the use of 17O NMR to quantitate interatomic distances in a fully labeled dipeptide. Through-space hydrogen bonding of N-Ac-VL was investigated by a two-dimensional 1H-detected 17O R3-R-INEPT experiment, furthering the importance of 17O for studies of structure in biomolecular solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Keeler
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vladimir K Michaelis
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael T Colvin
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ivan Hung
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Peter L Gor'kov
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Timothy A Cross
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Zhehong Gan
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Robert G Griffin
- Department of Chemistry and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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47
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Lilly Thankamony AS, Wittmann JJ, Kaushik M, Corzilius B. Dynamic nuclear polarization for sensitivity enhancement in modern solid-state NMR. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 102-103:120-195. [PMID: 29157490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The field of dynamic nuclear polarization has undergone tremendous developments and diversification since its inception more than 6 decades ago. In this review we provide an in-depth overview of the relevant topics involved in DNP-enhanced MAS NMR spectroscopy. This includes the theoretical description of DNP mechanisms as well as of the polarization transfer pathways that can lead to a uniform or selective spreading of polarization between nuclear spins. Furthermore, we cover historical and state-of-the art aspects of dedicated instrumentation, polarizing agents, and optimization techniques for efficient MAS DNP. Finally, we present an extensive overview on applications in the fields of structural biology and materials science, which underlines that MAS DNP has moved far beyond the proof-of-concept stage and has become an important tool for research in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aany Sofia Lilly Thankamony
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes J Wittmann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Monu Kaushik
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7-9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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48
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Leroy C, Aussenac F, Bonhomme-Coury L, Osaka A, Hayakawa S, Babonneau F, Coelho-Diogo C, Bonhomme C. Hydroxyapatites: Key Structural Questions and Answers from Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10201-10207. [PMID: 28872852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that NMR/DNP (Dynamic Nuclear Polarization) allows an unprecedented description of carbonate substituted hydroxyapatite (CHAp). Key structural questions related to order/disorder and clustering of carbonates are tackled using distance sensitive DNP experiments using 13C-13C recoupling. Such experiments are easily implemented due to unprecedented DNP gain (orders of magnitude). DNP is efficiently mediated by quasi one-dimensional spin diffusion through the hydroxyl columns present in the CHAp structure (thought of as "highways" for spin diffusion). For spherical nanoparticles and ϕ < 100 nm, it is numerically shown that spin diffusion allows their study as a whole. Most importantly, we demonstrate also that the DNP study at 100 K leads to data which are comparable to data obtained at room temperature (in terms of spin dynamics and line shape resolution). Finally, all 2D DNP experiments can be interpreted in terms of domains exhibiting well identified types of substitution: local order and carbonate clustering are clearly favored.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Leroy
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06 , CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP) UMR 7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Fabien Aussenac
- Bruker France , 34, rue de l'Industrie, 67166 Wissembourg, France
| | - Laure Bonhomme-Coury
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06 , CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP) UMR 7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Akiyoshi Osaka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, University of Okayama , Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, University of Okayama , Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Florence Babonneau
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06 , CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP) UMR 7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Cristina Coelho-Diogo
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06 , CNRS, Institut des Matériaux de Paris Centre (IMPC-UPMC-FR2482), 75252 Paris, Cedex 05, France
| | - Christian Bonhomme
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06 , CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP) UMR 7574, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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49
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Blanc F. Acidity Strength of Solid Catalysts Probed by Hyperpolarized Natural Abundance 17 O NMR Spectroscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11694-11696. [PMID: 28692150 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Observation of Brønsted acid sites: By enhancing the solid-state NMR signals of 17 O at natural abundance with dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), Pruski et al. were able to measure oxygen-proton distances accurately with sub-picometer precision. The results give insight into the Brønsted acidity of a range of solid acid catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Blanc
- Department of Chemistry and Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK
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50
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Blanc F. 17O-NMR-Spektroskopie mit Kernpolaritätsverstärkung zur Bestimmung der Säurestärke. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Blanc
- Department of Chemistry and Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy; University of Liverpool; Liverpool L69 7ZD Großbritannien
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