1
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Shiri F, Ho CC, Bissember AC, Ariafard A. Advancing Gold Redox Catalysis: Mechanistic Insights, Nucleophilicity-Guided Transmetalation, and Predictive Frameworks for the Oxidation of Aryl Gold(I) Complexes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302990. [PMID: 37967304 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold redox catalysis, often facilitated by hypervalent iodine(III) reagents, offers unique reactivity but its progress is mainly hindered by an incomplete mechanistic understanding. In this study, we investigated the reaction between the gold(I) complexes [(aryl)Au(PR3 )] and the hypervalent iodine(III) reagent PhICl2 , both experimentally and computationally and provided an explanation for the formation of divergent products as the ligands bonded to the gold(I) center change. We tackled this essential question by uncovering an intriguing transmetalation mechanism that takes place between gold(I) and gold(III) complexes. We found that the ease of transmetalation is governed by the nucleophilicity of the gold(I) complex, [(aryl)Au(PR3 )], with greater nucleophilicity leading to a lower activation energy barrier. Remarkably, transmetalation is mainly controlled by a single orbital - the gold dx 2 -y 2 orbital. This orbital also has a profound influence on the reactivity of the oxidative addition step. In this way, the fundamental mechanistic basis of divergent outcomes in reactions of aryl gold(I) complexes with PhICl2 was established and these observations are reconciled from first principles. The theoretical model developed in this study provides a conceptual framework for anticipating the outcomes of reactions involving [(aryl)Au(PR3 )] with PhICl2 , thereby establishing a solid foundation for further advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Curtis C Ho
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Alex C Bissember
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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2
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Pérez-Sánchez JC, Herrera RP, Concepción Gimeno M. Unlocking the catalytic potential of gold(II) complexes: a comprehensive reassessment. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:382-393. [PMID: 38088049 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Gold(II) complexes, unlike their gold(I) and gold(III) counterparts, have been sparsely employed in the field of catalysis. This is primarily due to the challenges associated with isolating and characterising these open-shell species. However, these complexes offer a wide range of possibilities. On one hand, this intermediate oxidation state has proven to be more easily accessible through reduction and oxidation processes compared to the gold(I)/gold(III) redox couple, thereby facilitating potential homo-coupling and cross-coupling reactions. On the other hand, gold(II) exhibits Lewis acid behaviour, bridging the characteristics of the soft acid gold(I) and the hard acid gold(III). In this review, we focus on mono- and dinuclear gold(II) complexes, whether they are isolated and well-studied or proposed as intermediates in cross-coupling reactions induced by the action of oxidants or light. We delve into the unique reactivity and potential applications of these gold(II) species, shedding light on their role in this field. This comprehensive exploration aims to underscore the latent promise of gold(II) complexes in catalysis, offering insights into their structural and mechanistic aspects while highlighting their relevance in contemporary chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Raquel P Herrera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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3
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Alayoglu P, Chang T, Yan C, Chen YS, Mankad NP. Uncovering a CF 3 Effect on X-ray Absorption Energies of [Cu(CF 3 ) 4 ] - and Related Copper Compounds by Using Resonant Diffraction Anomalous Fine Structure (DAFS) Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313744. [PMID: 37938103 PMCID: PMC10842927 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the electronic structures of high-valent metal complexes aids the advancement of metal-catalyzed cross coupling methodologies. A prototypical complex with formally high valency is [Cu(CF3 )4 ]- (1), which has a formal Cu(III) oxidation state but whose physical analysis has led some to a Cu(I) assignment in an inverted ligand field model. Recent examinations of 1 by X-ray spectroscopies have led previous authors to contradictory conclusions, motivating the re-examination of its X-ray absorption profile here by a complementary method, resonant diffraction anomalous fine structure (DAFS). From analysis of DAFS measurements for a series of seven mononuclear Cu complexes including 1, here it is shown that there is a systematic trifluoromethyl effect on X-ray absorption that blue shifts the resonant Cu K-edge energy by 2-3 eV per CF3 , completely accounting for observed changes in DAFS profiles between formally Cu(III) complexes like 1 and formally Cu(I) complexes like (Ph3 P)3 CuCF3 (3). Thus, in agreement with the inverted ligand field model, the data presented herein imply that 1 is best described as containing a Cu(I) ion with dn count approaching 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Alayoglu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Tieyan Chang
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Connly Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Chen
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Neal P Mankad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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4
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Xia S, Li W, Chen H, Zhu C, Han J, Xie J. Gold-Manganese Bimetallic Redox Coupling with Light. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38039269 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The classical Au(I)/Au(III) redox couple chemistry has been limited to constructing C-C and C-X bonds, and thus, the exploration of the elementary reaction of gold redox coupling is very significant to enrich its organometallic features. Herein, we report the first visible-light-mediated, external oxidant-free Au(I)/Au(III) redox couple using commercially available Mn2(CO)10 to generate Mn-Au(III)-Mn intermediates for bimetallic redox coupling. A wide range of structurally diverse heterodinuclear and polynuclear L-Au(I)-Mn-L' complexes (19 examples, up to >99% yields) are readily constructed, providing a robust strategy for the concise construction of Au-Mn complexes under mild reaction conditions. The mechanistic studies together with DFT calculations support the radical oxidative addition of •Mn(CO)5 to gold and bimetallic reductive elimination mechanisms from highly active Mn-Au(III)-Mn species, representing an important step toward an elementary reaction in gold chemistry research. Furthermore, the resulting Au-Mn complexes exhibit unique catalytic activity, with which divergent reductive coupling of nitroarenes can readily afford azoxybenzenes, azobenzenes, and hydrazobenzenes in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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5
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Scattolin T, Tonon G, Botter E, Guillet SG, Tzouras NV, Nolan SP. Gold(I)-N-Heterocyclic Carbene Synthons in Organometallic Synthesis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301961. [PMID: 37463071 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The prominent role of gold-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes in numerous research areas such as homogeneous (photo)catalysis, medicinal chemistry and materials science has prompted organometallic chemists to design gold-based synthons that permit access to target complexes through simple synthetic steps under mild conditions. In this review, the main gold-NHC synthons employed in organometallic synthesis are discussed. Mechanistic aspects involved in their synthesis and reactivity as well as applications of gold-NHC synthons as efficient pre-catalysts, antitumor agents and/or photo-emissive materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Scattolin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Eleonora Botter
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari Campus Scientifico, Via Torino 155, 30174, Venezia-Mestre, Italy
| | - Sebastien G Guillet
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nikolaos V Tzouras
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S-3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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6
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Fang S, Han J, Zhu C, Li W, Xie J. Gold-catalyzed four-component multifunctionalization of alkynes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3551. [PMID: 37322071 PMCID: PMC10272212 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39243-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The alkyne unit is a versatile building block in organic synthesis and the development of selective multifunctionalization of alkynes is an important object of research in this field. Herein, we report an interesting gold-catalyzed, four-component reaction that achieves the oxo-arylfluorination or oxo-arylalkenylation of internal aromatic or aliphatic alkynes, efficiently breaking a carbon-carbon triple bond and forming four new chemical bonds. The reaction divergence can be controlled by site-directing functional groups in the alkynes; the presence of a phosphonate unit favors the oxo-arylfluorination, while the carboxylate motif benefits oxo-arylalkenylation. This reaction is enabled by an Au(I)/Au(III) redox coupling process using Selectfluor as both an oxidant and a fluorinating reagent. A wide range of structurally diverse α,α-disubstituted ketones, and tri- or tetra-substituted unsaturated ketones have been prepared in synthetically valuable yields and with excellent chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity. The gram-scale preparation and late-stage application of complex alkynes have further enhanced their synthetic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, 830017, Urumqi, China.
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7
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Scott SC, Cadge JA, Boden GK, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Hemilabile NHC-Gold Complex and its Application to the Redox Neutral 1,2-Oxyarylation of Feedstock Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301526. [PMID: 36995930 PMCID: PMC10962591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe a AuI complex of a hemi-labile (C^N) N-heterocyclic carbene ligand that is able to mediate oxidative addition of aryl iodides. Detailed computational and experimental investigations have been undertaken to verify and rationalize the oxidative addition process. Application of this initiation mode has resulted in the first examples of "exogenous oxidant-free" AuI /AuIII catalyzed 1,2-oxyarylations of ethylene and propylene. These demanding yet powerful processes establish these commodity chemicals as nucleophilic-electrophilic building blocks in catalytic reaction design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C. Scott
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Jamie A. Cadge
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Grace K. Boden
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - John F. Bower
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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8
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Theulier CA, García-Rodeja Y, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. Lewis Acid-Assisted C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Reductive Elimination at Gold. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10800-10808. [PMID: 37137163 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The phosphine-borane iPr2P(o-C6H4)BFxyl2 (Fxyl = 3,5-(F3C)2C6H3) 1-Fxyl was found to promote the reductive elimination of ethane from [AuMe2(μ-Cl)]2. Nuclear magnetic resonance monitoring revealed the intermediate formation of the (1-Fxyl)AuMe2Cl complex. Density functional theory calculations identified a zwitterionic path as the lowest energy profile, with an overall activation barrier more than 10 kcal/mol lower than without borane assistance. The Lewis acid moiety first abstracts the chloride to generate a zwitterionic Au(III) complex, which then readily undergoes C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling. The chloride is finally transferred back from boron to gold. The electronic features of this Lewis-assisted reductive elimination at gold have been deciphered by intrinsic bond orbital analyses. Sufficient Lewis acidity of boron is required for the ambiphilic ligand to trigger the C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling, as shown by complementary studies with two other phosphine-boranes, and the addition of chlorides slows down the reductive elimination of ethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril A Theulier
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Yago García-Rodeja
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Cedex 09 Pau, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Cedex 09 Pau, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Cedex 09 Toulouse, France
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9
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McCallum T. Heart of gold: enabling ligands for oxidative addition of haloorganics in Au(I)/Au(III) catalysed cross-coupling reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:1629-1646. [PMID: 36727215 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob00002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The field of Au-catalysis has been an area rich with new discoveries due to the unique properties of the lustrous element. In the past decade, developments in Au(I)/Au(III) cross-coupling methodology have been made possible with the use of external oxidants that facilitate the challenging oxidation of Au(I) to Au(III) in a stable and catalytically competent fashion. Until recently, Au-chemistry was not known to undergo catalytic transformations that feature oxidative addition of haloarenes like those that were made famous by transition metals such as Pd and Ni. The discovery that ligand modification could facilitate the oxidative addition of Au(I) with haloorganics to provide Au(III) intermediates that are competent in other areas of catalysis (i.e. Lewis acid catalysis) has revolutionized this field and has led to the invention of new cross-coupling methodology. The recent advances at the leading edge in the emerging field of Au(I)/Au(III) catalysis under redox-neutral conditions are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry McCallum
- The Canadian Bank Note Company, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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10
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Rigoulet M, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Mechanistic Insights about the Ligand-Enabled Oxy-arylation/vinylation of Alkenes via Au(I)/Au(III) Catalysis. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202110. [PMID: 35876716 PMCID: PMC9805180 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of oxy-arylation/vinylation of alkenes catalyzed by the (MeDalphos)AuCl complex was comprehensively investigated by DFT. (P,N)Au(Ph)2+ and (P,N)Au(vinyl)2+ are key intermediates accounting for the activation of the alkenols and for their cyclization by outer-sphere nucleophilic attack of oxygen. The 5-exo and 6-endo paths have been computed and compared, reproducing the peculiar regioselectivity difference observed experimentally between 4-penten-1-ol, (E) and (Z)-4-hexen-1-ols. Examining the way the alkenol coordinates to gold (more η2 or η1 ) can offer, in some cases, a simple way to predict the favored path of cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Rigoulet
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierUPS Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA UMR 5069)118 route de Narbonne31062ToulouseFrance
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'AdourE2S-UPPAInstitut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM UMR 5254)Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot64053Pau Cedex 09France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierUPS Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA UMR 5069)118 route de Narbonne31062ToulouseFrance
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11
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Mehara J, Koovakattil Surendran A, van Wieringen T, Setia D, Foroutan-Nejad C, Straka M, Rulíšek L, Roithová J. Cationic Gold(II) Complexes: Experimental and Theoretical Study. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201794. [PMID: 35946558 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Gold(II) complexes are rare, and their application to the catalysis of chemical transformations is underexplored. The reason is their easy oxidation or reduction to more stable gold(III) or gold(I) complexes, respectively. We explored the thermodynamics of the formation of [AuII (L)(X)]+ complexes (L=ligand, X=halogen) from the corresponding gold(III) precursors and investigated their stability and spectral properties in the IR and visible range in the gas phase. The results show that the best ancillary ligands L for stabilizing gaseous [AuII (L)(X)]+ complexes are bidentate and tridentate ligands with nitrogen donor atoms. The electronic structure and spectral properties of the investigated gold(II) complexes were correlated with quantum chemical calculations. The results show that the molecular and electronic structure of the gold(II) complexes as well as their spectroscopic properties are very similar to those of analogous stable copper(II) complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Mehara
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen (The, Netherlands
| | - Adarsh Koovakattil Surendran
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen (The, Netherlands
| | - Teun van Wieringen
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen (The, Netherlands
| | - Deeksha Setia
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen (The, Netherlands
| | - Cina Foroutan-Nejad
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí. 2, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Straka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí. 2, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lubomír Rulíšek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí. 2, 16610, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Roithová
- Department of Spectroscopy and Catalysis, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen (The, Netherlands
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12
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Rigoulet M, Vesseur D, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Gold(I) α-Trifluoromethyl Carbenes: Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204781. [PMID: 35466483 PMCID: PMC9323441 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aryl trifluoromethyl diazomethanes 2-R (R=Ph, OMe, CF3 ) are readily decomposed by the (o-carboranyl)diphosphine gold(I) complex 1. The resulting α-CF3 substituted carbene complexes 3-R have been characterized by multi-nuclear NMR spectroscopy as well as X-ray crystallography (for 3-Ph). The bonding situation was thoroughly assessed by computational means, showing stabilization of the electrophilic carbene center by π-donation from the aryl substituent and backdonation from Au, as enhanced by the chelating P^P ligand. Reactivity studies under stoichiometric and catalytic conditions substantiate typical carbene-type behavior for 3-Ph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Rigoulet
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire HétérochimieFondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069)118 Route de Narbonne31062Toulouse Cedex 09France
| | - David Vesseur
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire HétérochimieFondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069)118 Route de Narbonne31062Toulouse Cedex 09France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S-UPPAInstitut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254)Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot64053Pau Cedex 09France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire HétérochimieFondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069)118 Route de Narbonne31062Toulouse Cedex 09France
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13
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Gold(I) α‐Trifluoromethyl Carbenes: Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity Studies. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Organometallic catalysis under visible light activation: benefits and preliminary rationales. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2022; 21:585-606. [PMID: 35218553 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic catalysis under visible light activation is an emerging field. Activation by photosensitization or by direct light absorption of organometallic complexes can facilitate or trigger elementary steps in a catalytic cycle such as pre-catalyst reduction, oxidative addition, transmetalation and reductive elimination, as well as the ability of generating radical intermediates, widening the structural diversity offered by classical couplings. This perspective aims to highlight key examples of these light-induced or enhanced processes, with an emphasis on the underlying mechanisms involved.
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15
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Liu Y, Zhu K, Kong Y, Li X, Cui J, Xia Y, Zhao J, Duan S, Li P. Merging Gold/Copper Catalysis and Copper/Photoredox Catalysis: An Approach to Alkyl Oxazoles from N-Propargylamides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18247-18256. [PMID: 34866385 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a mild and highly efficient approach to alkyl oxazoles through merging gold/copper catalysis and copper/photoredox catalysis. Various alkyl oxazoles are synthesized from N-propargylamides with alkyl halides in good to excellent yields with wide functional-group compatibility under blue-light irradiation. Significantly, a copper catalyst plays a dual role in this transformation: as a powerful cocatalyst to accelerate protodeauration of vinyl gold intermediates and improve photoredox catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Liu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Keyong Zhu
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Kong
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Shaofeng Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Plants Utilization, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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16
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Cadge JA, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Systematic Study of the Effects of Complex Structure on Aryl Iodide Oxidative Addition at Bipyridyl‐Ligated Gold(I) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Russell
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
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17
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Cadge JA, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Systematic Study of the Effects of Complex Structure on Aryl Iodide Oxidative Addition at Bipyridyl-Ligated Gold(I) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24976-24983. [PMID: 34533267 PMCID: PMC9298241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to study the unusual mechanism of oxidative addition of aryl iodides to [bipyAu(C2 H4 )]+ complexes. The modular nature of this system allowed a systematic assessment of the effects of complex structure. Computational comparisons between cationic gold and the isolobal (neutral) Pd0 and Pt0 complexes revealed similar mechanistic features, but with oxidative addition being significantly favored for the group 10 metals. Further differences between Au and Pd were seen in experimental studies: studying reaction rates as a function of electronic and steric properties showed that ligands bearing more electron-poor functionality increase the rate of oxidative addition; in a complementary way, electron-rich aryl iodides give faster rates. This divergence in mechanism compared to Pd suggests that Ar-X oxidative addition with Au can underpin a broad range of new or complementary transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUnited Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUnited Kingdom
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUnited Kingdom
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18
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Bonsignore R, Thomas SR, Rigoulet M, Jandl C, Pöthig A, Bourissou D, Barone G, Casini A. C-C Cross-Couplings from a Cyclometalated Au(III) C ∧ N Complex: Mechanistic Insights and Synthetic Developments. Chemistry 2021; 27:14322-14334. [PMID: 34310783 PMCID: PMC8597034 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the reactivity of gold complexes was shown to extend well beyond π-activation and to hold promises to achieve selective cross-couplings in several C-C and C-E (E=heteroatom) bond forming reactions. Here, with the aim of exploiting new organometallic species for cross-coupling reactions, we report on the Au(III)-mediated C(sp2 )-C(sp) occurring upon reaction of the cyclometalated complex [Au(CCH2 N)Cl2 ] (1, CCH2 N=2-benzylpyridine) with AgPhCC. The reaction progress has been monitored by NMR spectroscopy, demonstrating the involvement of a number of key intermediates, whose structures have been unambiguously ascertained through 1D and 2D NMR analyses (1 H, 13 C, 1 H-1 H COSY, 1 H-13 C HSQC and 1 H-13 C HMBC) as well as by HR-ESI-MS and X-ray diffraction studies. Furthermore, crystallographic studies have serendipitously resulted in the authentication of zwitterionic Au(I) complexes as side-products arising from cyclization of the coupling product in the coordination sphere of gold. The experimental work has been paralleled and complemented by DFT calculations of the reaction profiles, providing valuable insight into the structure and energetics of the key intermediates and transition states, as well as on the coordination sphere of gold along the whole process. Of note, the broader scope of the cross-coupling at the Au(III) CCH2 N centre has also been demonstrated studying the reaction of 1 with C(sp2 )-based nucleophiles, namely vinyl and heteroaryl tin and zinc reagents. These reactions stand as rare examples of C(sp2 )-C(sp2 ) cross-couplings at Au(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bonsignore
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748Garching b. MünchenGermany
| | - Sophie R. Thomas
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748Garching b. MünchenGermany
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain BuildingPark PlaceCF10 3ATCardiffUK
| | - Mathilde Rigoulet
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069)118 Route de Narbonne31062Toulouse Cedex 09France
| | - Christian Jandl
- Catalysis Research Center & Department of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichErnst-Otto-Fischer Str. 185748Garching b. MünchenGermany
| | - Alexander Pöthig
- Catalysis Research Center & Department of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichErnst-Otto-Fischer Str. 185748Garching b. MünchenGermany
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069)118 Route de Narbonne31062Toulouse Cedex 09France
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di PalermoViale delle Scienze, Edificio 1790128PalermoItaly
| | - Angela Casini
- Chair of Medicinal and Bioinorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr. 485748Garching b. MünchenGermany
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19
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Tang K, Chen Y, Guan J, Wang Z, Chen K, Xiang H, Yang H. Visible-light-promoted olefinic trifluoromethylation of enamides with CF 3SO 2Na. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:7475-7479. [PMID: 34612366 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01410b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A visible-light-promoted olefinic C-H trifluoromethylation of enamides was developed by employing cheap and stable Langlois' reagent as the CF3 source. A series of β-CF3 enamides were obtained in moderate to good yields with high E-isomer selectivity under mild conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that molecular oxygen acts as the terminal oxidant for this net oxidative process, and the E isomer selectivity could be well explained by a base-assisted deprotonation of the cation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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20
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Liu Y, Shi Y, Wei L, Zhao K, Zhao J, Zhang P, Xu X, Li P. Gold-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Polyfluoroalkylated Oxazoles from N-Propargylamides Under Visible-Light Irradiation. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2417-2420. [PMID: 34235859 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A gold-catalyzed synthesis of polyfluoroalkylated oxazoles from N-propargylamides under visible-light irradiation has been developed. These reactions display excellent compatibility of radicals and gold catalysts under visible-light irradiation. Mechanistic experiments indicate that polyfluoroalkyl iodides play a dual role in enhanced compatibility of radicals and gold catalysts through assisted protodeauration of vinyl gold and reactivated the gold catalyst. In addition, PPh3 AuNTf2 not only activates N-propargylamide to generate vinyl gold intermediate, but also greatly promotes homolysis of polyfluoroalkyl iodides under blue light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Liu
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Yating Shi
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Lanen Wei
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhao
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Puyu Zhang
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Xuejun Xu
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- Department Institute of Functional Organic Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, P. R. China
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21
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Bhoyare VW, Tathe AG, Das A, Chintawar CC, Patil NT. The interplay of carbophilic activation and Au(I)/Au(III) catalysis: an emerging technique for 1,2-difunctionalization of C-C multiple bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10422-10450. [PMID: 34323240 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold complexes have emerged as the catalysts of choice for various functionalization reactions of C-C multiple bonds due to their inherent carbophilic nature. In a parallel space, efforts to realize less accessible cross-coupling reactivity have led to the development of various strategies that facilitate the arduous Au(i)/Au(iii) redox cycle. The interplay of the two important reactivity modes encountered in gold catalysis, namely carbophilic activation and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis, has allowed the development of a novel mechanistic paradigm that sponsors 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of various C-C multiple bonds. Interestingly, the reactivity as well as selectivity obtained through this interplay could be complementary to that obtained by the use of various other transition metals that mainly involved the classical oxidative addition/migratory insertion pathways. The present review shall comprehensively cover all the 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of C-C multiple bonds that have been realized by the interplay of the two important reactivity modes and categorized on the basis of the method that has been employed to foster the Au(i)/Au(iii) redox cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek W Bhoyare
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Akash G Tathe
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Avishek Das
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Chetan C Chintawar
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Nitin T Patil
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
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22
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Abstract
In this contribution, we provide an overview of the main avenues that have emerged in gold coordination chemistry during the last years. The unique properties of gold have motivated research in gold chemistry, and especially regarding the properties and applications of gold compounds in catalysis, medicine, and materials chemistry. The advances in the synthesis and knowledge of gold coordination compounds have been possible with the design of novel ligands becoming relevant motifs that have allowed the preparation of elusive complexes in this area of research. Strong donor ligands with easily modulable electronic and steric properties, such as stable singlet carbenes or cyclometalated ligands, have been decisive in the stabilization of gold(0) species, gold fluoride complexes, gold hydrides, unprecedented π complexes, or cluster derivatives. These new ligands have been important not only from the fundamental structure and bonding studies but also for the synthesis of sophisticated catalysts to improve activity and selectivity of organic transformations. Moreover, they have enabled the facile oxidative addition from gold(I) to gold(III) and the design of a plethora of complexes with specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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23
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Fu LJ, An BH, Chou CH, Chen CM, To CT. Base-promoted perfluoroalkylation of rhodium(III) porphyrin complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:9949-9957. [PMID: 34226912 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01118a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of rhodium porphyrin complexes bearing a primary, secondary or benzylic perfluoroalkyl ligand RhIII(btpp)RF [btpp = 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-tert-butylphenyl)porphyrinato dianion] has been successfully synthesized in good yields using commercially available perfluoroalkyl iodides RFI (RF = nC3F7, iC3F7, nC4F9, nC6F13, cC6F11, nC10F21 and C6F5CF2) and the air-stable precursor RhIII(btpp)Cl under basic conditions. Mechanistic investigations suggest a halogen atom transfer pathway with a rhodium(ii) porphyrin metalloradical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung City 407224, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Bo-Hsun An
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung City 407224, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung City 407224, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Chi-Min Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung City 407224, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | - Ching Tat To
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, No. 1727, Sec. 4, Taiwan Boulevard, Xitun District, Taichung City 407224, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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24
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Daley RA, Morrenzin AS, Neufeldt SR, Topczewski JJ. Mechanistic Investigation into the Gold-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Iodoarenes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Daley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aaron S. Morrenzin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sharon R. Neufeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Joseph J. Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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25
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Font P, Ribas X. Fundamental Basis for Implementing Oxidant‐Free Au(I)/Au(III) Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Font
- QBIS-CAT group Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) Departament de Química Universitat de Girona Campus Montilivi Girona 17003 Catalonia Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT group Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) Departament de Química Universitat de Girona Campus Montilivi Girona 17003 Catalonia Spain
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Witzel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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27
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Fernández-Moyano S, Peñas-Defrutos MN, Bartolomé C, Espinet P. Striking ligand-disproportionative Cl/aryl scrambling in a simple Au(III) system. Solvent role, driving forces and mechanisms. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:125-128. [PMID: 33295338 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aryl rearrangements triggered by Cl- extraction from trans-[AuIII(Rf)2Cl2]- (Rf = C6F3Cl2-3,5), led quickly to a mixture of [Au(Rf)3(solv)], cis-[Au(Rf)2Cl(solv)] and [Au(Rf)Cl2(solv)] (solv = OEt2, OH2). 19F NMR and X-ray diffraction studies led us to identify the species present in solution and the role of the solvent in their formation, while DFT calculations confirm the thermodynamic basis of their evolution. Very different Rf-Rf coupling rates are found from (μ-Cl)2[cis-Au(Rf)2]2 or cis-[Au(Rf)2ClL] species (L = OEt2, NCMe, Cl-) depending on the coordination strength of the ligand or solvent in the fourth position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fernández-Moyano
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid-47071, Spain.
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28
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Winter M, Limberg N, Ellwanger MA, Pérez‐Bitrián A, Sonnenberg K, Steinhauer S, Riedel S. Trifluoromethylation of [AuF 3 (SIMes)]: Preparation and Characterization of [Au(CF 3 ) x F 3-x (SIMes)] (x=1-3) Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:16089-16097. [PMID: 32668044 PMCID: PMC7756667 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Trifluoromethylation of [AuF3 (SIMes)] with the Ruppert-Prakash reagent TMSCF3 in the presence of CsF yields the product series [Au(CF3 )x F3-x (SIMes)] (x=1-3). The degree of trifluoromethylation is solvent dependent and the ratio of the species can be controlled by varying the stoichiometry of the reaction, as evidenced from the 19 F NMR spectra of the corresponding reaction mixtures. The molecular structures in the solid state of trans-[Au(CF3 )F2 (SIMes)] and [Au(CF3 )3 (SIMes)] are presented, together with a selective route for the synthesis of the latter complex. Correlation of the calculated SIMes affinity with the carbene carbon chemical shift in the 13 C NMR spectrum reveals that trans-[Au(CF3 )F2 (SIMes)] and [Au(CF3 )3 (SIMes)] nicely follow the trend in Lewis acidities of related organo gold(III) complexes. Furthermore, a new correlation between the Au-Ccarbene bond length of the molecular structure in the solid state and the chemical shift of the carbene carbon in the 13 C NMR spectrum is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Winter
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Niklas Limberg
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Mathias A. Ellwanger
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Alberto Pérez‐Bitrián
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
- On leave from: Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (iSQCH)CSIC-Universidad de ZaragozaC/ Pedro Cerbuna 1250009ZaragozaSpain
| | - Karsten Sonnenberg
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Simon Steinhauer
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Fachbereich Biologie, Chemie, PharmazieInstitut für Chemie und Biochemie—Anorganische ChemieFabeckstr. 34/3614195BerlinGermany
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29
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Zhang S, Wang C, Ye X, Shi X. Intermolecular Alkene Difunctionalization via Gold-Catalyzed Oxyarylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20470-20474. [PMID: 32748527 PMCID: PMC10288501 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The gold-catalyzed intermolecular oxyarylation of alkenes is reported. This work employed the oxidative addition of aryl iodides to Me-DalphosAu+ for the formation of a AuIII -Ar intermediate. The better binding ability of alkenes over O nucleophiles ensured the success of intermolecular oxyarylation, giving desired products with a broad substrate scope and high efficiency (>50 examples with up to 95 % yield). One-pot converting of methoxy groups into other nucleophiles allowed achieving alkene difunctionalization with the construction of C-N, C-S, and C-C bonds under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Chenhuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
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30
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Pang Y, Lee JW, Kubota K, Ito H. Solid‐State Radical C−H Trifluoromethylation Reactions Using Ball Milling and Piezoelectric Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Pang
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Joo Won Lee
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Koji Kubota
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
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31
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Pang Y, Lee JW, Kubota K, Ito H. Solid‐State Radical C−H Trifluoromethylation Reactions Using Ball Milling and Piezoelectric Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22570-22576. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Pang
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Joo Won Lee
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Koji Kubota
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
| | - Hajime Ito
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD) Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Hokkaido University Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan
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32
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Rocchigiani L, Bochmann M. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8364-8451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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33
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Medina‐Mercado I, Porcel S. Insights into the Mechanism of Gold(I) Oxidation with Aryldiazonium Salts. Chemistry 2020; 26:16206-16221. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Medina‐Mercado
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de, México Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx. 04510 México
| | - Susana Porcel
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de, México Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx. 04510 México
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34
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Zhang S, Wang C, Ye X, Shi X. Intermolecular Alkene Difunctionalization via Gold‐Catalyzed Oxyarylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Chenhuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xiaohan Ye
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
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35
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Huang B, Hu M, Toste FD. Homogeneous Gold Redox Chemistry: Organometallics, Catalysis, and Beyond. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2:707-720. [PMID: 34341775 PMCID: PMC8321390 DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Gold redox chemistry holds the promise of unique reactivities and selectivities that are different to other transition metals. Recent studies have utilized strain release, ligand design, and photochemistry to promote the otherwise sluggish oxidative addition to Au(I) complexes. More details on the reductive elimination from Au(III) complexes have also been revealed. These discoveries have facilitated the development of gold redox catalysis and will continue to offer mechanistic insight and inspiration for other transition metals. This review highlights how research in organometallic chemistry has led to gold redox catalysis, as well as applications in materials science, bioconjugation, and radiochemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banruo Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Mingyou Hu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, PR China
| | - F. Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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36
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Daley RA, Morrenzin AS, Neufeldt SR, Topczewski JJ. Gold Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Iodoarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13210-13218. [PMID: 32634305 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This report details a decarboxylative cross-coupling of (hetero)aryl carboxylates with iodoarenes in the presence of a gold catalyst (>25 examples, up to 96% yield). This reaction is site specific, which overcomes prior limitations associated with gold catalyzed oxidative coupling reactions. The reactivity of the (hetero)aryl carboxylate correlates qualitatively to the field effect parameter (Fortho). Reactions with isolated gold complexes and DFT calculations support a mechanism proceeding through oxidative addition at a gold(I) cation with decarboxylation being viable at either a gold(I) or a silver(I) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Daley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aaron S Morrenzin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sharon R Neufeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Joseph J Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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37
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García-Domínguez A, West TH, Primozic JJ, Grant KM, Johnston CP, Cumming GG, Leach AG, Lloyd-Jones GC. Difluorocarbene Generation from TMSCF3: Kinetics and Mechanism of NaI-Mediated and Si-Induced Anionic Chain Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14649-14663. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés García-Domínguez
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Thomas H. West
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Johann J. Primozic
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Katie M. Grant
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Craig P. Johnston
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Grant G. Cumming
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Andrew G. Leach
- School of Health Sciences, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K
| | - Guy C. Lloyd-Jones
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, U.K
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38
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Portugués A, González L, Bautista D, Gil‐Rubio J. Gold Complexes with Difunctional Perfluoroalkyl Chains: Quantifying the Energy of Aurophilic Interactions in Flexible Open‐Chain Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Portugués
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Lydia González
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | | | - Juan Gil‐Rubio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
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39
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Portugués A, González L, Bautista D, Gil‐Rubio J. Gold Complexes with Difunctional Perfluoroalkyl Chains: Quantifying the Energy of Aurophilic Interactions in Flexible Open‐Chain Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15220-15225. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Portugués
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Lydia González
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | | | - Juan Gil‐Rubio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Química Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
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40
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Chintawar CC, Yadav AK, Patil NT. Gold‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Diarylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11808-11813. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C. Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Amit K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C. Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Amit K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
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42
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Ingner FJL, Schmitt A, Orthaber A, Gates PJ, Pilarski LT. Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Diverse Organo-Au I -L Complexes in Green Solvents. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:2032-2037. [PMID: 31951303 PMCID: PMC7277043 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An exceptionally mild and efficient method was developed for the preparation of (hetero)aryl-AuI -L complexes using ethanol or water as the reaction medium at room temperature and Ar-B(triol)K boronates as the transmetalation partner. The reaction does not need an exogeneous base or other additives, and quantitative yields can be achieved through a simple filtration as the only required purification method, which obviates considerable waste associated with alternative workup methods. A broad reaction scope was demonstrated with respect to both the L and (hetero)aryl ligands on product Au complexes. Despite the polar reaction medium, large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon units can be incorporated on the Au complexes in very good to excellent yields. The approach was demonstrated for the chemoselective manipulation of orthogonally protected aryl boronates to afford a new class of N-heterocyclic carbene-Au-aryl complexes. A mechanistic rationale was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry—ÅngströmUppsala UniversityBOX 52375-120UppsalaSweden
| | - Paul J. Gates
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's Close, CliftonBristolBS8 1TSUK
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43
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Bonsignore R, Thomas SR, Klooster WT, Coles SJ, Jenkins RL, Bourissou D, Barone G, Casini A. Carbon-Phosphorus Coupling from C^N Cyclometalated Au III Complexes. Chemistry 2020; 26:4226-4231. [PMID: 31994237 PMCID: PMC7187188 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of exploiting new organometallic species for cross-coupling reactions, we report here on the AuIII -mediated Caryl -P bond formation occurring upon reaction of C^N cyclometalated AuIII complexes with phosphines. The [Au(C^N)Cl2 ] complex 1 featuring the bidentate 2-benzoylpyridine (CCO N) scaffold was found to react with PTA (1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane) under mild conditions, including in water, to afford the corresponding phosphonium 5 through C-P reductive elimination. A mechanism is proposed for the title reaction based on in situ 31 P{1 H} NMR and HR-ESI-MS analyses combined with DFT calculations. The C-P coupling has been generalized to other C^N cyclometalated AuIII complexes and other tertiary phosphines. Overall, this work provides new insights into the reactivity of cyclometalated AuIII compounds and establishes initial structure-activity relationships to develop AuIII -mediated C-P cross-coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Bonsignore
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCF10 3ATCardiffUK
| | - Sophie R. Thomas
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCF10 3ATCardiffUK
| | - Wim T. Klooster
- School of ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Simon J. Coles
- School of ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Robert L. Jenkins
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCF10 3ATCardiffUK
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul SabatierLaboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069)118 Route de Narbonne31062Toulouse Cedex 09France
| | - Giampaolo Barone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità degli Studi di PalermoViale delle Scienze, Edificio 1790128PalermoItaly
| | - Angela Casini
- School of ChemistryCardiff UniversityMain Building, Park PlaceCF10 3ATCardiffUK
- Department of ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstr. 485747GarchingGermany
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44
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Cadge JA, Sparkes HA, Bower JF, Russell CA. Oxidative Addition of Alkenyl and Alkynyl Iodides to a Au
I
Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close BS8 1TS UK
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close BS8 1TS UK
| | - John F. Bower
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close BS8 1TS UK
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45
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Cadge JA, Sparkes HA, Bower JF, Russell CA. Oxidative Addition of Alkenyl and Alkynyl Iodides to a Au I Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6617-6621. [PMID: 31951062 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first isolated examples of intermolecular oxidative addition of alkenyl and alkynyl iodides to AuI are reported. Using a 5,5'-difluoro-2,2'-bipyridyl ligated complex, oxidative addition of geometrically defined alkenyl iodides occurs readily, reversibly and stereospecifically to give alkenyl-AuIII complexes. Conversely, reversible alkynyl iodide oxidative addition generates bimetallic complexes containing both AuIII and AuI centers. Stoichiometric studies show that both new initiation modes can form the basis for the development of C-C bond forming cross-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A Cadge
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Hazel A Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK
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46
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Clément M, Abdellah I, Ray P, Martini C, Coppel Y, Remita H, Lampre I, Huc V. Synthesis and NMR study of trimethylphosphine gold(i)-appended calix[8]arenes as precursors of gold nanoparticles. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01475f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the synthesis of gold(i)-calix[8]arene complexes from benzyloxycalix[8]arene is reported as well as their radiolytic reduction leading to gold nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Clément
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8182 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
| | - Ibrahim Abdellah
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8182 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
| | - Priyanka Ray
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8000 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
| | - Cyril Martini
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8182 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
| | - Yannick Coppel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- UPR 8241 CNRS
- Université de Toulouse
- 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4
- France
| | - Hynd Remita
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8000 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
| | - Isabelle Lampre
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8000 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
| | - Vincent Huc
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
- Univ Paris-Sud UMR 8182 CNRS
- Université Paris-Saclay
- 91405 Orsay cedex
- France
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47
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Bour JR, Roy P, Canty AJ, Kampf JW, Sanford MS. Oxidatively Induced Aryl–CF3 Coupling at Diphosphine Nickel Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James R. Bour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Pronay Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Allan J. Canty
- School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Jeff W. Kampf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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48
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Nijamudheen A, Datta A. Gold-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions: An Overview of Design Strategies, Mechanistic Studies, and Applications. Chemistry 2019; 26:1442-1487. [PMID: 31657487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are central to many organic synthesis methodologies. Traditionally, Pd, Ni, Cu, and Fe catalysts are used to promote these reactions. Recently, many studies have showed that both homogeneous and heterogeneous Au catalysts can be used for activating selective cross-coupling reactions. Here, an overview of the past studies, current trends, and future directions in the field of gold-catalyzed coupling reactions is presented. Design strategies to accomplish selective homocoupling and cross-coupling reactions under both homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions, computational and experimental mechanistic studies, and their applications in diverse fields are critically reviewed. Specific topics covered are: oxidant-assisted and oxidant-free reactions; strain-assisted reactions; dual Au and photoredox catalysis; bimetallic synergistic reactions; mechanisms of reductive elimination processes; enzyme-mimicking Au chemistry; cluster and surface reactions; and plasmonic catalysis. In the relevant sections, theoretical and computational studies of AuI /AuIII chemistry are discussed and the predictions from the calculations are compared with the experimental observations to derive useful design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nijamudheen
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the, Cultivation of Sciences, 2A & 2B Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.,Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Joint College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the, Cultivation of Sciences, 2A & 2B Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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49
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Portugués A, López‐García I, Jiménez‐Bernad J, Bautista D, Gil‐Rubio J. Photoinitiated Reactions of Haloperfluorocarbons with Gold(I) Organometallic Complexes: Perfluoroalkyl Gold(I) and Gold(III) Complexes. Chemistry 2019; 25:15535-15547. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Portugués
- Departamento de Química InorgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Inmaculada López‐García
- Departamento de Química InorgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Javier Jiménez‐Bernad
- Departamento de Química InorgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Delia Bautista
- ACTI.Universidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Juan Gil‐Rubio
- Departamento de Química InorgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de Murcia Campus de Espinardo 30100 Murcia Spain
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50
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Reiersølmoen AC, Csókás D, Pápai I, Fiksdahl A, Erdélyi M. Mechanism of Au(III)-Mediated Alkoxycyclization of a 1,6-Enyne. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18221-18229. [PMID: 31618010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gold-mediated homogeneous catalysis is a powerful tool for construction of valuable molecules and has lately received growing attention. Whereas Au(I)-catalyzed processes have become well established, those mediated by Au(III) have so far barely been explored, and their mechanistic understanding remains basic. Herein, we disclose the combined NMR spectroscopic, single-crystal X-ray crystallographic, and computational (DFT) investigation of the Au(III)-mediated alkoxycyclization of a 1,6-enyne in the presence of a bidentate pyridine-oxazoline ligand. The roles of the counterion, the solvent, and the type of Au(III) complex have been assessed. Au(III) is demonstrated to be the active catalyst in alkoxycyclization. Alkyne coordination to Au(III) involves decoordination of the pyridine nitrogen and is the rate-limiting step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Christin Reiersølmoen
- Department of Chemistry , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Høgskoleringen 5 , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Dániel Csókás
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2 , H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Imre Pápai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences , Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2 , H-1117 Budapest , Hungary
| | - Anne Fiksdahl
- Department of Chemistry , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Høgskoleringen 5 , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Máté Erdélyi
- Department of Chemistry , BMC Uppsala University , Husargatan 3 , 752 37 Uppsala , Sweden
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