1
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Kim M, Hillel C, Edwards K, Pietro W, Mermut O, Barrett CJ. Chitosan-azo dye bioplastics that are reversibly resoluble and recoverable under visible light irradiation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:25771-25784. [PMID: 39156744 PMCID: PMC11327658 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02211d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Biopolymer composite materials were prepared by combining bio-sourced cationic water-soluble chitosan with bi-functional water-soluble anionic azo food dyes amaranth (AMA) or allura red (ALR) as ionic cross-linkers, mixing well in water, and then slow-drying in air. The electrostatically-assembled ionically-paired films showed good long-term stability to dissolution, with no re-solubility in water, and competitive mechanical properties as plastic materials. However, upon exposure of the bioplastics to low power light at sunlight wavelengths and intensities stirring in water, the stable materials photo-disassembled back to their water-soluble and low-toxicity (edible) constituent components, via structural photo-isomerization of the azo ionic crosslinkers. XRD, UV-vis, and IR spectroscopy confirmed that these assemblies are reversibly recoverable and so can in principle represent fully recyclable, environmentally degradable materials triggered by exposure to sunlight and water after use, with full recovery of starting components ready for re-use. A density functional theory treatment of the amaranth azo dye identified a tautomeric equilibrium favouring the hydrazone form and rationalized geometrical isomerization as a mechanism for photo-disassembly. The proof-of-principle suitability of films of these biomaterial composites as food industry packaging was assessed via measurement of mechanical, water and vapour barrier properties, and stability to solvent tests. Tensile strength of the composite materials was found to be 25-30 MPa, with elongation at break 3-5%, in a range acceptable as competitive for some applications to replace oil-based permanently insoluble non-recyclable artificial plastics, as fully recyclable, recoverable, and reusable low-toxicity green biomaterials in natural environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Kim
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Coral Hillel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University Toronto ON Canada
| | - Kayrel Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - William Pietro
- Department of Chemistry, York University Toronto ON Canada
| | - Ozzy Mermut
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Chemistry, York University Toronto ON Canada
| | - Christopher J Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University Montreal QC Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, York University Toronto ON Canada
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2
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Chen YF, Huang MR, Hsu YS, Chang MH, Lo TY, Gautam B, Hsu HH, Chen JT. Photo-Healable Fabrics: Achieving Structural Control via Photochemical Solid-Liquid Transitions of Polystyrene/Azobenzene-Containing Polymer Blends. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:29153-29161. [PMID: 38770559 PMCID: PMC11163394 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
While polymer fabrics are integral to a wide range of applications, their vulnerability to mechanical damage limits their sustainability and practicality. Addressing this challenge, our study introduces a versatile strategy to develop photohealable fabrics, utilizing a composite of polystyrene (PS) and an azobenzene-containing polymer (PAzo). This combination leverages the structural stability of PS to compensate for the mechanical weaknesses of PAzo, forming the fiber structures. Key to our approach is the reversible trans-cis photoisomerization of azobenzene groups within the PAzo under UV light exposure, enabling controlled morphological alterations in the PS/PAzo blend fibers. The transition of PAzo sections from a solid to a liquid state at a low glass transition temperature (Tg ∼ 13.7 °C) is followed by solidification under visible light, thus stabilizing the altered fiber structures. In this study, we explore various PS/PAzo blend ratios to optimize surface roughness and mechanical properties. Additionally, we demonstrate the capability of these fibers for photoinduced self-healing. When damaged fabrics are clamped and subjected to UV irradiation for 20 min and pressed for 24 h, the mobility of the cis-form PAzo sections facilitates healing while retaining the overall fabric structure. This innovative approach not only addresses the critical issue of durability in polymer fabrics but also offers a sustainable and practical solution, paving the way for its application in smart clothing and advanced fabric-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Huang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shen Hsu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsuan Chang
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Yu Lo
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Bhaskarchand Gautam
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Hsun-Hao Hsu
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Tai Chen
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming
Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Center
for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
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3
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Heidari M, Gaichies T, Leibler L, Labousse M. Polymer time crystal: Mechanical activation of reversible bonds by low-amplitude high frequency excitations. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn6107. [PMID: 38781335 PMCID: PMC11114238 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn6107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Reversible supramolecular bonds play an important role in materials science and in biological systems. The equilibrium between open and closed bonds and the association rate can be controlled thermally, chemically, by mechanical pulling, by ultrasound, or by catalysts. In practice, these intrinsic equilibrium methods either suffer from a limited range of tunability or may damage the material. Here, we present a nonequilibrium strategy that exploits the dissipative properties of the system to control and change the dynamic properties of sacrificial and reversible networks. We show theoretically and numerically how high-frequency mechanical oscillations of very low amplitude can open or close bonds. This mechanism indicates how reversible bonds could alleviate mechanical fatigue of materials especially at low temperatures where they are fragile. In another area, it suggests that the system can be actively modified by the application of ultrasound to induce gel-fluid transitions and to activate or deactivate adhesion properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maziar Heidari
- Gulliver, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Théophile Gaichies
- Gulliver, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
- Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ludwik Leibler
- Gulliver, CNRS, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, 75005 Paris, France
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4
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Gridneva T, Karimata A, Bansal R, Fayzullin RR, Vasylevskyi S, Bruhacs A, Khusnutdinova JR. Deep-red photoluminescent mechanoresponsive polymers with dynamic Cu I-arylamide mechanophores. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:212-215. [PMID: 38050702 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04643e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the use of copper arylamide complexes as efficient photoluminescent mechanophores to design deep-red/near-IR emissive polymers showing reversible changes in photoluminescence intensity in the red/near-IR region in response to mechanical stretching. The mechanoresponse was repeatable over 30 cycles, showing a measurable increase of photoluminescence intensity even at a small applied stress of ca. 0.01 MPa. We demonstrate the potential of using conformationally dynamic copper amide complexes as sensitive and reversible mechanophores for near-IR imaging; systematic control over the emission range was achieved using amide modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Gridneva
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0412, Japan.
| | - Ayumu Karimata
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0412, Japan.
| | - Richa Bansal
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0412, Japan.
| | - Robert R Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Serhii Vasylevskyi
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0412, Japan.
| | - Andrew Bruhacs
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0412, Japan.
| | - Julia R Khusnutdinova
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami-gun, Okinawa, 904-0412, Japan.
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5
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Mukhopadhyay RD, Ajayaghosh A. Metallosupramolecular polymers: current status and future prospects. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37962512 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Metallo-supramolecular polymers have gained increasing attention and witnessed continuous development as a vibrant new research interest in the domain of soft materials. These nonconventional polymers have found widespread application in materials and biology owing to their well-defined and diversified topologies and the distinct dynamic nature of the metallosupramolecular interactions against various stimuli. Because of the intriguing redox, photonic, electronic, and magnetic properties, these stimuli-responsive supramolecular structures have attracted considerable interest for optoelectronic device fabrication. However, it still remains challenging to develop stimuli responsive systems with offbeat applications. Furthermore, achieving spatiotemporal control remains elusive with thermoresponsive and sono-responsive metallosupramolecular polymers, which encounter the disadvantage of poor precision control. Additionally, controlling the morphology of these soft materials on the mesoscale, both in solution and on substrates, has many challenges. In this review, we discuss the recent developments and future directions for the construction of stimuli responsive metallosupramolecular systems targeting practical applications. Furthermore, we discuss the synthetic methodologies that have been used to regulate the mesoscale morphology of these materials, such as coordination modulation and pseudomorphic replication. Finally, we briefly cover the burgeoning field of programmed synthesis of metallosupramolecular polymers, emphasizing techniques, such as living polymerization and chemical fuel-driven transiently active systems, which we believe will be the major research directions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Dev Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, Bankura 722122, West Bengal, India
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram 695019, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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6
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Zhang D, Zhao J, Shao A, Li J, Zhang Y, Liu S, Ma Y, Zhao Q. Dynamic Metal-ligand Coordination for Fluorescence Color Regulation of Hydrazone-based Bistable Photoswitches. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300708. [PMID: 37712901 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Achieving effective manipulation of emission color in photoresponsive materials is crucial for various advanced photonic applications. In this study, we designed and synthesized a hydrazone compound 1, ethyl (Z)-2-(2-([2,2':6',2''-terpyridin]-4'-yl)hydrazineylidene)-2-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)acetate, which possesses a push-pull structure incorporating triphenylamine and terpyridine. The emission intensity of compound 1 can be repeatedly switched "off" and "on" by irradiation with visible light and UV light, which induces the isomerization transition between the Z and E forms. In addition, compound 1 is capable of changing its emission wavelength from 540 nm to 607 nm through coordination with different zinc salts in toluene/CH2 Cl2 mixture (v : v=1 : 1). Importantly, we have successfully achieved dynamic manipulation of fluorescence color and intensity by altering the counterions of zinc complexes and switching the isomer from Z to E. Moreover, both compound 1 and its zinc complexes demonstrate remarkable photoswitchable properties with different fluorescence colors in the thin films. Finally, these films with various fluorescence colors were used for the production of luminescent tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diankun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jufu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jiangang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and Microelectronics & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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7
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Wang J, Lu T, Li Y, Wang J, Spruijt E. Aqueous coordination polymer complexes: From colloidal assemblies to bulk materials. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 318:102964. [PMID: 37515864 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
1-dimensional (1D) coordination polymers refer to the macromolecules that have metal ions incorporated in their pendent groups or main chain through metal-binding ligand groups. They have intrinsic advantages over traditional polymers to regulate the polymer structures and functions owing to the nature of the metal-ligand bond. Consequently, they have great potential for the development of smart and functional structures and materials and therapeutic agents. Water-soluble 1D coordination polymers and assemblies are an important subtype of coordination polymers with distinctive interests for demanding applications in aqueous systems, such as biological and medical applications. This review highlights the recent progress and research achievements in the design and use of water-soluble 1D coordination polymers and assemblies. The overview covers the design and structure control of 1D coordination polymers, their colloidal assemblies, including nanoparticles, nanofibers, micelles and vesicles, and fabricated bulk materials such as membraneless liquid condensates, security ink, hydrogel actuators, and smart fabrics. Finally, we discuss the potential applications of several of these coordination polymeric structures and materials and give an outlook on the field of aqueous coordination polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China; Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tiemei Lu
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Junyou Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Materials Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Evan Spruijt
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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8
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Zheng J, Jo S, Chen J, Das B, Juhasz L, Cabral H, Sugihara K. Dual Nanofriction Force Microscopy/Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging Reveals the Enhanced Force Sensitivity of Polydiacetylene by pH and NaCl. Anal Chem 2023. [PMID: 37465896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Polydiacetylene (PDA) is a popular mechanochromic material often used in biosensing. The effect of its headgroup-headgroup interactions on thermochromism such as pH or salt concentration dependency has been extensively studied before; however, their effect on mechanochromism at the nanoscale is left unstudied. In this work, nanofriction force microscopy and fluorescence microscopy were combined to study the effect of pH and ionic strength on the polydiacetylene (PDA) force sensitivity at the nanoscale. We found that the increase in pH from 5.7 to 8.2 caused an 8-fold enhancement in force sensitivity. The elevation of NaCl concentration from 10 to 200 mM also made the PDA 5 times more force-sensitive. These results suggest that the PDA force sensitivity at the nanoscale can be conveniently enhanced by "pre-stimulation" with pH or ionic strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlu Zheng
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Seiko Jo
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Jiali Chen
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Bratati Das
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Levente Juhasz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Horacio Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kaori Sugihara
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
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9
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Jansen-van Vuuren RD, Naficy S, Ramezani M, Cunningham M, Jessop P. CO 2-responsive gels. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:3470-3542. [PMID: 37128844 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00053a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
CO2-responsive materials undergo a change in chemical or physical properties in response to the introduction or removal of CO2. The use of CO2 as a stimulus is advantageous as it is abundant, benign, inexpensive, and it does not accumulate in a system. Many CO2-responsive materials have already been explored including polymers, latexes, surfactants, and catalysts. As a sub-set of CO2-responsive polymers, the study of CO2-responsive gels (insoluble, cross-linked polymers) is a unique discipline due to the unique set of changes in the gels brought about by CO2 such as swelling or a transformed morphology. In the past 15 years, CO2-responsive gels and self-assembled gels have been investigated for a variety of emerging potential applications, reported in 90 peer-reviewed publications. The two most widely exploited properties include the control of flow (fluids) via CO2-triggered aggregation and their capacity for reversible CO2 absorption-desorption, leading to applications in Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and CO2 sequestration, respectively. In this paper, we review the preparation, properties, and applications of these CO2-responsive gels, broadly classified by particle size as nanogels, microgels, aerogels, and macrogels. We have included a section on CO2-induced self-assembled gels (including poly(ionic liquid) gels).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross D Jansen-van Vuuren
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sina Naficy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Centre for Excellence in Advanced Food Enginomics (CAFE), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Maedeh Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Chernoff Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 2N1, Canada.
| | - Michael Cunningham
- Department of Engineering, Dupuis Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Philip Jessop
- Department of Chemistry, Chernoff Hall, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7K 2N1, Canada.
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10
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Sang Y, Zhu Q, Zhou X, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Liu M. Ultrasound-Directed Symmetry Breaking and Spin Filtering of Supramolecular Assemblies from only Achiral Building Blocks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215867. [PMID: 36522559 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein we describe the self-assembly of an achiral molecule into macroscopic helicity as well as the emergent chiral-selective spin-filtering effect. It was found that a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) motif with an aminopyridine group in each arm could coordinate with AgI and self-assemble into nanospheres. Upon sonication, symmetry breaking occurred and the nanospheres transferred into helical nanofibers with strong CD signals. Although the sign of the CD signals appeared randomly, it could be controlled by using the as-made chiral assemblies as a seed. Furthermore, it was found that the charge transport of the helical nanofibers was highly selective with a spin-polarization transport of up to 45 %, although the chiral nanofibers are composed exclusively from achiral building blocks. This work demonstrates symmetry breaking under sonication and the chiral-selective spin-filtering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Sang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Minghua Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Department, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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11
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Xu Z, Liu M, Liu Y, Pan Y, Yang L, Ge D. Mechano-Optical Response Behavior of Polymer-Dispersed Cholesteric Liquid Crystals for Reversible and Highly Sensitive Force Recorders. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3673-3679. [PMID: 36608174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Force recording (mode, intensity, and orientation) is of great importance in medical rehabilitation, military reconnaissance, space exploration, etc. However, sensors with both reversibility and memorability are still challenging. Here, a reversible sensor based on polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) is developed as a force recorder. Based on the microarea mechano-optical response and finite element analysis, it is confirmed that the mechanochromic response is mediated by the shear deformation of the polymer network and neighboring CLC. There is an obvious quantitative relationship between force intensity, mode, orientation, and the microarea optical response. Moreover, the sensing layer with a lower modulus or thickness is advantageous for a more sensitive device with lower starting pressure. Additionally, the excellent sensitivity and accuracy also highlight the potential applications in force analysis, path tracking, or pattern detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
- Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Yan Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Lili Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
| | - Dengteng Ge
- Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai201620, China
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12
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Liu Y, Wang L, Jiang J, Wang X, Dai C, Weng G. Fast Healing of Covalently Cross-Linked Polymeric Hydrogels by Interfacially Ignited Fast Gelation. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Liu
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jingtao Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiangke Wang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chenghao Dai
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gengsheng Weng
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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13
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Yildiz D, Göstl R, Herrmann A. Sonopharmacology: controlling pharmacotherapy and diagnosis by ultrasound-induced polymer mechanochemistry. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13708-13719. [PMID: 36544723 PMCID: PMC9709924 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05196f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Active pharmaceutical ingredients are the most consequential and widely employed treatment in medicine although they suffer from many systematic limitations, particularly off-target activity and toxicity. To mitigate these effects, stimuli-responsive controlled delivery and release strategies for drugs are being developed. Fueled by the field of polymer mechanochemistry, recently new molecular technologies enabled the emergence of force as an unprecedented stimulus for this purpose by using ultrasound. In this research area, termed sonopharmacology, mechanophores bearing drug molecules are incorporated within biocompatible macromolecular scaffolds as preprogrammed, latent moieties. This review presents the novelties in controlling drug activation, monitoring, and release by ultrasound, while discussing the limitations and challenges for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Yildiz
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Robert Göstl
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Forckenbeckstr. 50 52056 Aachen Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Worringerweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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14
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Sha Y, Zhou Z, Zhu M, Luo Z, Xu E, Li X, Yan H. The Mechanochemistry of Carboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203169. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Miao Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry College of Science Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Zhenyang Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science College of Science Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Enhua Xu
- Graduate School of System Informatics Kobe University Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Xiang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry College of Science Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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15
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Hu H, Cheng X, Ma Z, Sijbesma RP, Ma Z. Polymer Mechanochromism from Force-Tuned Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9971-9979. [PMID: 35617457 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of strain/stress in polymers is a big challenge to date. Herein, we for the first time report an ESIPT (excited-state intramolecular proton transfer)-based mechanochromic mechanophore (MM). The synthesis of target MM PhMz-4OH [(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole with four aliphatic hydroxyls] is quite facile. PhMz-4OH possesses characteristic dual emissions, and its ESIPT activity is greatly affected by steric hindrance. Then, PhMz-4OH was covalently linked into polyurethane chains (PhMz-4OH@PU). Upon stretching, the PhMz-4OH@PU films showed fluorescence color change and spectral variation with the increase in enol emission and blueshift of keto emission due to the force-induced torsion of the dihedral angle between the proton donor and the proton acceptor. The PhMz-4OH@PU films with high mechanophore concentrations (>0.36 mol %) might undergo a two-stage force-responsive process, including torsion of the dihedral angle via force-induced disaggregation and direct chain-transduced force-induced torsion of the dihedral angle. The intensity ratio of enol emission to keto emission (IE/IK) shows a quantitative correlation with elongation, and real-time strain sensing is achieved. PhMz-4OH is a successful type II MM (without covalent bond scission) and displays high sensitivity and excellent reversibility to stress. Two control structures PhMz-NH2 and PhMz-2OH were also embedded into PU but no spectral or color changes were detected, further confirming that mechanochromism of PhMz-4OH@PU films arises from the chain-transduced force. Density function theory (DFT) calculation was performed to study the force-tuned ESIPT process theoretically and rationalize the experimental results. This study might lay the foundation for real-time stress/strain sensing in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhimin Ma
- College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rint P Sijbesma
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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16
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Intrinsic healable mechanochromic materials via incorporation of spiropyran mechanophore into polymer main chain. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Shen H, Cao Y, Lv M, Sheng Q, Zhang Z. Polymer mechanochemistry for the release of small cargoes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4813-4824. [PMID: 35352709 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00147k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The field of force-induced release of small cargoes within polymeric materials has experienced rapid growth over the past decade, not only including achieving diversified functional materials that report force, trigger degradation, activate drugs and release catalysts, but also involving investigations on the interesting force-coupled reactivity of mechanophores, such as ferrocenes. In this highlight article, we review the recent progress on polymer mechanochemistry that releases small cargoes, including small molecules and metal ions. Since mechanophores play a key role in force-responsive materials, we introduce the progress by discussing different types of mechanophores and their mechanochemical reactions for the release of acids, gases, fluorophores, drugs, iron ions, and so on. At the end, we provide our perspectives on the remaining challenges and future targets in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yunzheng Cao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Miaojiang Lv
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Qinxin Sheng
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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18
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Sha Y, Zhou Z, Zhu M, Luo Z, Xu E, Li X, Yan H. The Mechanochemistry of Carboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sha
- Nanjing Forestry University Chemistry and Biochemistry 159 Longpan StNanjing Forestry University 210037 Nanjing CHINA
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Nanjing Forestry University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Miao Zhu
- Nanjing Agricultural University Chemistry CHINA
| | | | - Enhua Xu
- Kobe University Graduate School of System Informatics: Kobe Daigaku Daigakuin System Johogaku Kenkyuka Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Xiang Li
- Nanjing Agricultural University Chemistry CHINA
| | - Hong Yan
- Nanjing University Chemistry CHINA
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19
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Athanassiadis AG, Ma Z, Moreno-Gomez N, Melde K, Choi E, Goyal R, Fischer P. Ultrasound-Responsive Systems as Components for Smart Materials. Chem Rev 2022; 122:5165-5208. [PMID: 34767350 PMCID: PMC8915171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Smart materials can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from their environments. Such behavior requires a way to transport energy efficiently and then convert it for use in applications such as actuation, sensing, or signaling. Ultrasound can carry energy safely and with low losses through complex and opaque media. It can be localized to small regions of space and couple to systems over a wide range of time scales. However, the same characteristics that allow ultrasound to propagate efficiently through materials make it difficult to convert acoustic energy into other useful forms. Recent work across diverse fields has begun to address this challenge, demonstrating ultrasonic effects that provide control over physical and chemical systems with surprisingly high specificity. Here, we review recent progress in ultrasound-matter interactions, focusing on effects that can be incorporated as components in smart materials. These techniques build on fundamental phenomena such as cavitation, microstreaming, scattering, and acoustic radiation forces to enable capabilities such as actuation, sensing, payload delivery, and the initiation of chemical or biological processes. The diversity of emerging techniques holds great promise for a wide range of smart capabilities supported by ultrasound and poses interesting questions for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios G. Athanassiadis
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Zhichao Ma
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nicolas Moreno-Gomez
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Kai Melde
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eunjin Choi
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rahul Goyal
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peer Fischer
- Micro,
Nano, and Molecular Systems Group, Max Planck
Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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20
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Yin G, Huang J, Liu D, Li R, Wei S, Si M, Ni F, Zheng Y, Yang Q, Zhou R, Le X, Lu W, Chen T. Mechanochemical transformation of fluorescent hydrogel based on dynamic lanthanide-terpyridine coordination. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Xu J, Wang X, Ruan H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Wang Q, Wang T. Recent Advances in High-strength and High-toughness Polyurethanes Based on Supramolecular Interactions. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00269h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in supramolecular chemistry have generated increasing interest in supramolecular polymers and opened a window for the exploitation of various supramolecular polymeric materials and their multifunctional composites. High-performance polyurethanes,...
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22
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Versaw BA, Zeng T, Hu X, Robb MJ. Harnessing the Power of Force: Development of Mechanophores for Molecular Release. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21461-21473. [PMID: 34927426 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polymers that release small molecules in response to mechanical force are promising materials for a variety of applications ranging from sensing and catalysis to targeted drug delivery. Within the rapidly growing field of polymer mechanochemistry, stress-sensitive molecules known as mechanophores are particularly attractive for enabling the release of covalently bound payloads with excellent selectivity and control. Here, we review recent progress in the development of mechanophore-based molecular release platforms and provide an optimistic, yet critical perspective on the fundamental and technological advancements that are still required for this promising research area to achieve significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke A Versaw
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tian Zeng
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Xiaoran Hu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Maxwell J Robb
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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23
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Tethering smartness to the metal containing polymers - recent trends in the stimuli-responsive metal containing polymers. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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24
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Yu Y, Wang C, Wang L, Sun CL, Boulatov R, Widenhoefer RA, Craig SL. Force-modulated reductive elimination from platinum(ii) diaryl complexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11130-11137. [PMID: 34522310 PMCID: PMC8386663 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03182a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coupled mechanical forces are known to drive a range of covalent chemical reactions, but the effect of mechanical force applied to a spectator ligand on transition metal reactivity is relatively unexplored. Here we quantify the rate of C(sp2)-C(sp2) reductive elimination from platinum(ii) diaryl complexes containing macrocyclic bis(phosphine) ligands as a function of mechanical force applied to these ligands. DFT computations reveal complex dependence of mechanochemical kinetics on the structure of the force-transducing ligand. We validated experimentally the computational finding for the most sensitive of the ligand designs, based on MeOBiphep, by coupling it to a macrocyclic force probe ligand. Consistent with the computations, compressive forces decreased the rate of reductive elimination whereas extension forces increased the rate relative to the strain-free MeOBiphep complex with a 3.4-fold change in rate over a ∼290 pN range of restoring forces. The calculated natural bite angle of the free macrocyclic ligand changes with force, but 31P NMR analysis and calculations strongly suggest no significant force-induced perturbation of ground state geometry within the first coordination sphere of the (P-P)PtAr2 complexes. Rather, the force/rate behavior observed across this range of forces is attributed to the coupling of force to the elongation of the O⋯O distance in the transition state for reductive elimination. The results suggest opportunities to experimentally map geometry changes associated with reactions in transition metal complexes and potential strategies for force-modulated catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Chenxu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Liqi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Cai-Li Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Roman Boulatov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Ross A Widenhoefer
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
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25
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26
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Muramatsu T, Okado Y, Traeger H, Schrettl S, Tamaoki N, Weder C, Sagara Y. Rotaxane-Based Dual Function Mechanophores Exhibiting Reversible and Irreversible Responses. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9884-9892. [PMID: 34162206 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochromic mechanophores permit the design of polymers that indicate mechanical events through optical signals. Here we report rotaxane-based supramolecular mechanophores that display both reversible and irreversible fluorescence changes. These responses are triggered by different forces and are achieved by exploiting the molecular shuttling function and force-induced dethreading of rotaxanes. The new rotaxane mechanophores are composed of a ring featuring a luminophore, which is threaded onto an axle with a matching quencher and two stoppers. In the stress-free state, the luminophore is preferentially located in the proximity of the quencher, and the emission is quenched. The luminophore slides away from the quencher when a force is applied and the fluorescence is switched on. This effect is reversible, unless the force is so high that the luminophore-carrying ring slips past the stopper and dethreading occurs. We show that the combination of judiciously selected ring and stopper moieties is crucial to attain interlocked structures that display such a dual response. PU elastomers that contain such doubly responsive rotaxanes exhibit reversible fluorescence changes over multiple loading-unloading cycles due to the shuttling function, whereas permanent changes are observed upon repeated deformations to high strains due to breakage of the mechanical bond upon dethreading of the ring from the axle. This response allows one, at least conceptually, to monitor the actual deformation of polymer materials and examine mechanical damage that was inflicted in the past on the basis of an optical signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Muramatsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuji Okado
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hanna Traeger
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Yoshimitsu Sagara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan.,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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27
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Toughening, recyclable and healable nitrile rubber based on multi-coordination crosslink networks after “tetrazine click” reaction. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Sagara Y, Traeger H, Li J, Okado Y, Schrettl S, Tamaoki N, Weder C. Mechanically Responsive Luminescent Polymers Based on Supramolecular Cyclophane Mechanophores. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5519-5525. [PMID: 33784073 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new approach to cyclophane-based supramolecular mechanophores is presented. We report a mechanically responsive cyclic motif that contains two fluorescent 1,6-bis(phenylethynyl)pyrene moieties that are capable of forming intramolecular excimers. The emission spectra of dilute solutions of this cyclophane and a polyurethane elastomer into which a small amount of the mechanophore (0.08 wt %) had been covalently integrated are dominated by excimer emission. Films of the cyclophane-containing polyurethane also display a considerable portion of excimer emission, but upon deformation, the fluorescence becomes monomer-dominated and a perceptible change from cyan to blue is observed. The response is instant, reversible, and consistent with a mechanically induced change of the molecular conformation of the mechanophore so that the excimer-promoting interactions between the luminophores are suppressed. In-depth investigations show a correlation between the applied strain and the emission color, which can conveniently be expressed by the ratio of monomer to excimer emission intensity. The current study suggests that cyclophanes can be utilized to develop various supramolecular mechanophores that detect and visualize weak forces occurring in polymeric materials or generated by living tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimitsu Sagara
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
- JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hanna Traeger
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jie Li
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Yuji Okado
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Nobuyuki Tamaoki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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29
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Wang HX, Wei CW, Wang XJ, Xiang HF, Yang XZ, Wu GL, Lin YW. A facile gelator based on phenylalanine derivative is capable of forming fluorescent Zn-metallohydrogel, detecting Zn 2+ in aqueous solutions and imaging Zn 2+ in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 250:119378. [PMID: 33401180 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular hydrogels are attracting soft materials with potential applications. In this study, we synthesized a facile gelator (named 2-QF) based on phenylalanine derivative with a Quinoline group. 2-QF can assemble to form hydrogels at room temperature in different colors under low pH values. Moreover, 2-QF was triggered to form a yellow metallohydrogel (2-QF-Zn) at high pH by the coordination between 2-QF and Zn2+. 2-QF-Zn metallohydrogel showed excellent multi-stimuli responsiveness, especially the reversible "on-off" luminescence switching, as induced by base/acid. In addition, at a low concentration, 2-QF can selectively and visibly identify Zn2+ through fluorescence enhancement, and can detect Zn2+ at physiological pH as a chemosensor. Remarkably, 2-QF and 2-QF-Zn exhibited an excellent biocompatibility without cell cytotoxicity, and 2-QF is able to penetrate live HeLa cells and image intracellular Zn2+ by a turn-on fluorescent response, which makes it a potential candidate for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Chuan-Wan Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Heng-Fang Xiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xin-Zhi Yang
- Lab of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Gui-Long Wu
- Lab of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; Lab of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China Medical School, Hengyang 421001, China.
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30
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Neumann LN, Oveisi E, Petzold A, Style RW, Thurn-Albrecht T, Weder C, Schrettl S. Dynamics and healing behavior of metallosupramolecular polymers. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/18/eabe4154. [PMID: 33910908 PMCID: PMC8081362 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abe4154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Self-healing or healable polymers can recuperate their function after physical damage. This process involves diffusion of macromolecules across severed interfaces until the structure of the interphase matches that of the pristine material. However, monitoring this nanoscale process and relating it to the mechanical recovery remain elusive. We report that studying diffusion across healed interfaces and a correlation of contact time, diffusion depth, and mechanical properties is possible when two metallosupramolecular polymers assembled with different lanthanoid salts are mended. The materials used display similar properties, while the metal ions can be tracked with high spatial resolution by energy-dispersive x-ray spectrum imaging. We find that healing actual defects requires an interphase thickness in excess of 100 nm, 10 times more than previously established for self-adhesion of smooth films of glassy polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Neumann
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albrecht Petzold
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II-Chemie, Physik und Mathematik, Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Robert W Style
- Department of Materials, Soft and Living Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Thurn-Albrecht
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II-Chemie, Physik und Mathematik, Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
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31
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O’Neill RT, Boulatov R. The many flavours of mechanochemistry and its plausible conceptual underpinnings. Nat Rev Chem 2021; 5:148-167. [PMID: 37117533 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-00249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mechanochemistry describes diverse phenomena in which mechanical load affects chemical reactivity. The fuzziness of this definition means that it includes processes as seemingly disparate as motor protein function, organic synthesis in a ball mill, reactions at a propagating crack, chemical actuation, and polymer fragmentation in fast solvent flows and in mastication. In chemistry, the rate of a reaction in a flask does not depend on how fast the flask moves in space. In mechanochemistry, the rate at which a material is deformed affects which and how many bonds break. In other words, in some manifestations of mechanochemistry, macroscopic motion powers otherwise endergonic reactions. In others, spontaneous chemical reactions drive mechanical motion. Neither requires thermal or electrostatic gradients. Distinct manifestations of mechanochemistry are conventionally treated as being conceptually independent, which slows the field in its transformation from being a collection of observations to a rigorous discipline. In this Review, we highlight observations suggesting that the unifying feature of mechanochemical phenomena may be the coupling between inertial motion at the microscale to macroscale and changes in chemical bonding enabled by transient build-up and relaxation of strains, from macroscopic to molecular. This dynamic coupling across multiple length scales and timescales also greatly complicates the conceptual understanding of mechanochemistry.
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32
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Ma Y, Ren Q, Liu Z, Wang K, Zhou S, Shi Z, Yin J. Reversible stimuli-responsive luminescent polymers with adaptable mechanical properties based on europium-malonate complex. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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33
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Razgoniaev AO, Glasstetter LM, Kouznetsova TB, Hall KC, Horst M, Craig SL, Franz KJ. Single-Molecule Activation and Quantification of Mechanically Triggered Palladium-Carbene Bond Dissociation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1784-1789. [PMID: 33480680 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metal-complexed N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) mechanophores are latent reactants and catalysts for a range of mechanically driven chemical responses, but mechanochemical scission of the metal-NHC bond has not been experimentally characterized. Here we report the single-molecule force spectroscopy of ligand dissociation from a pincer NHC-pyridine-NHC Pd(II) complex. The force-coupled rate constant for ligand dissociation reaches 50 s-1 at forces of approximately 930 pN. Experimental and computational observations support a dissociative, rather than associative, mechanism of ligand displacement, with rate-limiting scission of the Pd-NHC bond followed by rapid dissociation of the pyridine moiety from Pd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton O Razgoniaev
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Logan M Glasstetter
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tatiana B Kouznetsova
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Kacey C Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matias Horst
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Katherine J Franz
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxiu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zehong Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Si Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Anhui Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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35
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Ayer MA, Verde-Sesto E, Liu CH, Weder C, Lattuada M, Simon YC. Modeling ultrasound-induced molecular weight decrease of polymers with multiple scissile azo-mechanophores. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00420d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Selective and non-selective chain scission compete upon ultrasonic treatment of polymers with randomly distributed azo units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu A. Ayer
- Adolphe Merkle Institute
- University of Fribourg
- 1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - Ester Verde-Sesto
- Adolphe Merkle Institute
- University of Fribourg
- 1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC
| | - Cheyenne H. Liu
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
- The University of Southern Mississippi
- 118 College Dr
- USA
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute
- University of Fribourg
- 1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Adolphe Merkle Institute
- University of Fribourg
- 1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Yoan C. Simon
- Adolphe Merkle Institute
- University of Fribourg
- 1700 Fribourg
- Switzerland
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering
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36
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Chen T, Geng K, Gao Y, Xie ZN, Guo ZX, Xu J, Guo BH. Highly stretchable and strong poly(butylene maleate) elastomers via metal–ligand interactions. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01556c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The search for advanced elastomers with simultaneously high strength, high stretchability and reprocessability remains a challenging task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Kui Geng
- Beijing High Technology Institute
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Ying Gao
- Beijing High Technology Institute
- Beijing 100085
- China
| | - Zhi-Ning Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Zhao-Xia Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Jun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Bao-Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (MOE)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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37
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Meier MFT, Thetiot F, Pittala N, Lieberwirth I, Kunzler C, Triki S, Jonas U. Thermoresponsive polymers as macromolecular coordination ligands: complexation-dependence of thermally induced aggregation in aqueous solution. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00847a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel dual-responsive macromolecular ligands for metal coordination were developed, for which the aggregation state is affected by the two stimuli of temperature and Fe2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Felix Toni Meier
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Franck Thetiot
- Université de Brest (UBO), UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S., 93837-29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France
| | - Narsimhulu Pittala
- Université de Brest (UBO), UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S., 93837-29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Cleiton Kunzler
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Smail Triki
- Université de Brest (UBO), UMR CNRS 6521, 6 Avenue Le Gorgeu, C.S., 93837-29238 Brest CEDEX 3, France
| | - Ulrich Jonas
- Macromolecular Chemistry, Department Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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38
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Reversible Mechanochemistry Enabled Autonomous Sustaining of Robustness of Polymers—An Example of Next Generation Self-healing Strategy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2532-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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39
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Martínez‐Tong DE, Pomposo JA, Verde‐Sesto E. Triggering Forces at the Nanoscale: Technologies for Single‐Chain Mechanical Activation and Manipulation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000654. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Martínez‐Tong
- Departamento de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) P. Manuel Lardizábal 3 Donostia‐San Sebastián 20018 Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (UPV/EHU‐CSIC) P. Manuel Lardizábal 5 San Sebastián 20018 Spain
| | - José A. Pomposo
- Departamento de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) P. Manuel Lardizábal 3 Donostia‐San Sebastián 20018 Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) (CSIC‐UPV/EHU)—Materials Physics Center (MPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 5 Donostia‐San Sebastián 20018 Spain
- IKERBASQUE—Basque Foundation for Science Plaza Euskadi 5 Bilbao 48009 Spain
| | - Ester Verde‐Sesto
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) (CSIC‐UPV/EHU)—Materials Physics Center (MPC) Paseo Manuel de Lardizábal 5 Donostia‐San Sebastián 20018 Spain
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40
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Liu J, Wang S, Li W, Dong Y, Wang J, Song Q, Zhang C. A novel imidazole-based tri-nitrogen metal cations probe with better-selectivity in ionic radius and acting as a Zn2+ fluorescence turn-on sensor. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Chen H, Wang L, Yin Q, Dai C, Zhang X, Chen Z, Weng G. Fluorochromic polymeric elastomer film containing copper nanoclusters in response to multistimuli. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:475711. [PMID: 32914763 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abafda] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Smart chromic elastomers exhibiting multistimuli responsiveness are of interest with regard to the development of sensors, optical data storage, and smart wearable devices. We report a new design of Cu nanoclusters (Cu NCs) containing polymeric elastomer film, showing reversible fluorescence ON/OFF when subjected to organic solvents (e.g. ethanol, methanol and tetrahydrofuran), and heating/cooling cycles at temperatures lower than 80 °C. Different from the solvato-responsiveness of Cu NCs in solution state, organic solvents increase nonradiative decay and quench fluorescence emission in the solid polymer matrix. It is deduced that lower temperatures (<80 °C) increase reversible nonradiative decay, while higher temperatures (>80 °C) trigger an irreversible change of the aggregation state of Cu NCs in the elastomer film. A strong oxidizer (e.g. H2O2) irreversibly quenches the fluorescence emission and changes its color (under sunlight) from light green to blue, by oxidizing Cu NCs to Cu2+ ions. This Cu NC-containing elastomer film illustrates a new pathway to the fabrication of multi-responsive smart optical materials, particularly for potential applications in optical data storage (e.g. thermo-printing), and multistimuli-responsive elastomeric sensors integrated into wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China. State Key Laboratory Base of Novel Functional Materials and Preparation Science, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Specialty Polymers, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People's Republic of China
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42
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Li Z, Wang J, Li X, Wang Y, Fan LJ, Yang S, Guo M, Li X, Tu Y. Supramolecular and Physically Double-Cross-Linked Network Strategy toward Strong and Tough Elastic Fibers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1655-1661. [PMID: 35617066 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The strength and toughness are two trade-off properties of a material, yet Nature can achieve strong and tough materials by introducing sacrificial bonds into a system. Here, we present a four-component multiblock copolymer (mBCP) approach toward strong and tough elastic fibers, by introducing terpyridine moieties into poly(ether ester) mBCP elastomers. After coordination with Fe(II), supramolecular cross-links are formed within the physically cross-linked thermoplastic elastomers. The toughening elastic fibers with a double-cross-linked network structure show high tensile strength (ca. 300 MPa) and toughness (ca. 100 MJ m-3). In addition, they display excellent resilience with enhanced self-healing properties. Our strategy provides a promising way for the development of strong and tough elastomers by introducing metal-ligand sacrificial bonds into mBCPs elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiabin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Testing and Analysis Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Li-Juan Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mingyu Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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43
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Traeger H, Kiebala DJ, Weder C, Schrettl S. From Molecules to Polymers-Harnessing Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions to Create Mechanochromic Materials. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000573. [PMID: 33191595 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of mechanophores as building blocks that serve as predefined weak linkages has enabled the creation of mechanoresponsive and mechanochromic polymer materials, which are interesting for a range of applications including the study of biological specimens or advanced security features. In typical mechanophores, covalent bonds are broken when polymers that contain these chemical motifs are exposed to mechanical forces, and changes of the optical properties upon bond scission can be harnessed as a signal that enables the detection of applied mechanical stresses and strains. Similar chromic effects upon mechanical deformation of polymers can also be achieved without relying on the scission of covalent bonds. The dissociation of motifs that feature directional noncovalent interactions, the disruption of aggregated molecules, and conformational changes in molecules or polymers constitute an attractive element for the design of mechanoresponsive and mechanochromic materials. In this article, it is reviewed how such alterations of molecules and polymers can be exploited for the development of mechanochromic materials that signal deformation without breaking covalent bonds. Recent illustrative examples are highlighted that showcase how the use of such mechanoresponsive motifs enables the visual mapping of stresses and damage in a reversible and highly sensitive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Traeger
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Derek J Kiebala
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, CH-1700, Switzerland
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44
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Sumitani R, Mochida T. Reversible formation of soft coordination polymers from liquid mixtures of photoreactive organometallic ionic liquid and bridging molecules. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9946-9954. [PMID: 33030501 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01567a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The reversible switching of bonding modes in coordination polymers through the application of external stimuli leads to versatile mechanical and electronic functions. However, the exploration of such a system remains a great challenge. In this study, we designed liquid mixtures comprising a photoreactive organometallic ionic liquid and a bridging ligand, which form intermolecular coordination bonds upon photoirradiation. The liquid mixture of an ionic liquid [Ru(C5H5){Ph(CH2)3CN}][(SO2F)2N] (1) and a tridentate ligand N(C2H4CN)3 was transformed into an elastomer of an amorphous coordination polymer upon ultraviolet photoirradiation. By contrast, the photoirradiation of the mixture of 1 and a bidentate ligand NC(CH2)4CN produced a highly viscous liquid comprising coordination-bonded oligomers. In these reactions, photoirradiation causes dissociation of the organometallic cation, followed by the formation of intermolecular coordination bonds via the bridging ligands. The photoproducts underwent reverse reactions thermally. Based on coordination transformation, the ionic conductivity and viscoelasticity of these materials were reversibly controlled by the application of light and heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Sumitani
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Mochida
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan. and Center for Membrane Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
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45
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Tough Double Metal-ion Cross-linked Elastomers with Temperature-adaptable Self-healing and Luminescence Properties. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2517-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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46
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Micheletti C, Minei P, Carlotti M, Mattoli V, Muniz-Miranda F, Perfetto A, Ciofini I, Adamo C, Ruggeri G, Pucci A. Mechanochromic LLDPE Films Doped with NIR Reflective Paliogen Black. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000426. [PMID: 33089579 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The perylene bisimide derivative Paliogen Black (P-black) is proposed as a new chromogenic probe that shows visible (vis) and near-infrared (NIR) responses after mechanical solicitations of host linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) films. P-black is reported to display strong absorption in the vis spectrum and unusual reflective and cooling features in the NIR region. Uniaxial deformation of the 2.5, 5, and 10 wt% P-black/LLDPE films yields a dichroic absorption under polarized light with color variations attributed by the computational analysis to the distinct anisotropic behavior of the transition dipole moments of P-black chromophores. When LLDPE films are deformed, P-black aggregates reduce their size from ≈30-40 µm to ≈5-10 µm that, in turn, causes reflectivity losses of about 30-40% at the maximum elongation. This gives rise to warming of 5-6 °C of the locally oriented film placed in contact with a black substrate under the illumination with an IR lamp for 5 s. These features combined with the high sensitivity of the vis-NIR response toward mechanical solicitations render P-black as a new solution to detect uniaxial deformations of plastic films through both optical and thermal outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosimo Micheletti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Minei
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Marco Carlotti
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Italy
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Italy
| | - Francesco Muniz-Miranda
- PSL University, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), FRE2027, 11, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Anna Perfetto
- PSL University, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), FRE2027, 11, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Ilaria Ciofini
- PSL University, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), FRE2027, 11, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Carlo Adamo
- PSL University, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences (i-CLeHS), FRE2027, 11, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Giacomo Ruggeri
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, Università di Pisa, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 13, Pisa, 56124, Italy
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47
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Aerts A, Lugger SJD, Heuts JPA, Sijbesma RP. Pyranine Based Ion‐Paired Complex as a Mechanophore in Polyurethanes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000476. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Annelore Aerts
- DPI P.O. Box 902AX Eindhoven 5600 The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 MB Eindhoven Eindhoven 5600 The Netherlands
| | - Sean J. D. Lugger
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 MB Eindhoven Eindhoven 5600 The Netherlands
| | - Johan P. A. Heuts
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 MB Eindhoven Eindhoven 5600 The Netherlands
| | - Rint P. Sijbesma
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Chemistry and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 MB Eindhoven Eindhoven 5600 The Netherlands
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48
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Rupp H, Binder WH. Multicomponent Stress‐Sensing Composites Fabricated by 3D‐Printing Methodologies. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000450. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Rupp
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics) Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg von‐Danckelmann‐Platz 4 Halle D‐06120 Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry Division of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences II (Chemistry, Physics and Mathematics) Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg von‐Danckelmann‐Platz 4 Halle D‐06120 Germany
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49
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Tang Z, Lyu X, Luo L, Shen Z, Fan XH. White-Light-Emitting AIE/Eu 3+-Doped Ion Gel with Multistimuli-Responsive Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:45420-45428. [PMID: 32966044 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A white-light-emitting ion gel composed of a poly[(2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethene-1,1,2-triyl)tribenzene-b-ethylene glycol-b-(2-(4-vinylphenyl)ethene-1,1,2-triyl)tribenzene] aggregation-induced emission (AIE) network and a poly([2,2':6',2″-terpyridin]-4'-yl methacrylate-co-methyl methacrylate) Eu3+-doped network was fabricated via a solution mixing process. This ion gel exhibits special multistimuli-responsive properties, and it can change its luminescent color by changing pH, temperature, or the solvent. The unique color-changing property is attributed to the different luminescent mechanisms of the AIE/Eu3+-doped polymer networks. The former is affected by changes in its aggregation state, while the latter is controlled by the dynamic metal-ligand cross-linking bonds. Furthermore, owing to the interpenetrating networks formed by the two polymers, the hybrid gel has both good mechanical strength and flexibility. It may be used in the fields of sensors, probes, and light-emitting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhehao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaolin Lyu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Longfei Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhihao Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xing-He Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Neumann LN, Gunkel I, Barron A, Oveisi E, Petzold A, Thurn-Albrecht T, Schrettl S, Weder C. Structure–Property Relationships of Microphase-Separated Metallosupramolecular Polymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura N. Neumann
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ilja Gunkel
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Amber Barron
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Emad Oveisi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy (CIME), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), EPFL-SB-CIME, Bâtiment MXC-135, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Albrecht Petzold
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II - Chemie und Physik, Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Thomas Thurn-Albrecht
- Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II - Chemie und Physik, Institut für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, von-Danckelmann-Platz 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stephen Schrettl
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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