1
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Yang L, Lalic G. Regio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes Through Hydroalkylation of Alkynyl Boronamides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202409429. [PMID: 38972849 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Hydroalkylation of alkynes is a powerful method for alkene synthesis. However, regioselectivity has been difficult to achieve in transformations of internal alkynes hindering applications in the synthesis of trisubstituted alkenes. To overcome these limitations, we explored using boryl groups as versatile directing groups that can control the regioselectivity of the hydroalkylation and subsequently be replaced in a cross-coupling reaction. The result of our exploration is a nickel-catalyzed hydroalkylation of alkynyl boronamides that provides access to a wide range of trisubstituted alkenes with high regio- and diastereoselectivity. The reaction can be accomplished with a variety of coupling partners, including primary and secondary alkyl iodides, α-bromo esters, α-chloro phthalimides, and α-chloro boronic esters. Preliminary studies of the reaction mechanism provide evidence for the hydrometalation mechanism and the formation of alkyl radical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langxuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, 109 Bagley Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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2
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Zou S, Zhao Z, Huang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Aminoalkylative Cyclization Enables Modular Synthesis of Exocyclic 1,3-Dienes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311603. [PMID: 37815155 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel and efficient palladium-catalyzed regioselective and stereodivergent ring-closing reaction of aminoenynes with aldehydes and boronic acids or hydrosilane is developed. This three-component reaction allows for the modular synthesis of a series of exocyclic 1,3-dienes bearing 5- to 8-membered saturated N-heterocycles. The reactions utilize a simple Pd-catalyst and work with broad range of aminoenynes, aldehydes and organometallic reagents under mild reaction conditions. The products represent useful intermediates for chemical synthesis due to the versatility of the conjugated diene. Preliminary mechanistic details of the method are also revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchen Zou
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, 235000, P. R. China
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3
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Shaff AB, Yang L, Lee MT, Lalic G. Stereospecific and Regioselective Synthesis of E-Allylic Alcohols through Reductive Cross Coupling of Terminal Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37917569 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a convergent method for the synthesis of allylic alcohols that involves a reductive coupling of terminal alkynes with α-chloro boronic esters. The new method affords allylic alcohols with excellent regioselectivity (anti-Markovnikov) and an E/Z ratio greater than 200:1. The reaction can be performed in the presence of a wide range of functional groups and has a substrate scope that complements the stoichiometric alkenylation of α-chloro boronic esters performed using alkenyl lithium and Grignard reagents. The transformation is stereospecific and allows for the robust and highly selective synthesis of chiral allylic alcohols. Our studies support a mechanism that involves hydrocupration of the alkyne and cross-coupling of the alkenyl copper intermediate with α-chloro boronic esters. Experimental evidence excludes a radical mechanism of the cross-coupling step and is consistent with the formation of a boron-ate intermediate and a 1,2-metalate shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin B Shaff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Langxuan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mitchell T Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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4
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Hussein AA, Ariffin A. Remote Steric and Electronic Effects of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands on Alkene Reactivity and Regioselectivity toward Hydrocupration Reactions: The Role of Expanded-Ring N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13009-13021. [PMID: 37649423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The remote groups in N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands have a significant influence on metal-catalyzed reactions. We examine how remote bulkiness, electronic groups, and expanded-ring NHCs (ER-NHCs) influence alkene reactivity and regioselectivity toward hydrocupration using density functional theory calculations. The impact of remote steric bulkiness on the Cu-H insertion rate is analyzed, revealing a strong correlation between the steric substituent constant and rate ratio, where a bulky group increases the rate due to reduced steric effects in the transition state (TS). The steric properties of the examined catalysts (with a remote group R2 = CPh3, CHPh2, CH2Ph, CH3, and H) and their corresponding TSs are found to be modulated greatly by the remote steric substitution group and the ring size of the NHC ligand. Enhanced bulkiness enhances the nucleophilic Cu-H moiety. The remote electronic groups have a smaller impact on insertion barrier compared to that of steric hindrance. Furthermore, ER-NHC exploration indicates that NHCs with over five-membered rings have a significantly negative influence on the reaction rate. Finally, with a highly bulky group (R2 = CPh3), anti-Markovnikov insertion preference is attributed to high interaction energy and improved steric properties. Overall, our findings here provide valuable insights for the development of a more effective catalyst in metal-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel A Hussein
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region 46001, Iraq
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qassim, Babylon 51013, Iraq
| | - Azhar Ariffin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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5
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Kutateladze DA, Mai BK, Dong Y, Zhang Y, Liu P, Buchwald SL. Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Alkenes via Copper Hydride-Catalyzed Alkyne Hydroalkylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17557-17563. [PMID: 37540777 PMCID: PMC10569085 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes are ubiquitous in organic chemistry, yet many classes of alkenes remain challenging to access by current synthetic methodology. Herein, we report a copper hydride-catalyzed approach for the synthesis of Z-configured trisubstituted alkenes with high stereo- and regioselectivity via alkyne hydroalkylation. A DTBM-dppf-supported Cu catalyst was found to be optimal, providing a substantial increase in product yield compared to reactions conducted with dppf as the ligand. DFT calculations show that the DTBM substitution leads to the acceleration of alkyne hydrocupration through combined ground and transition state effects related to preventing catalyst dimerization and enhancing catalyst-substrate dispersion interactions, respectively. Alkyne hydroalkylation was successfully demonstrated with methyl and larger alkyl tosylate electrophiles to produce a variety of (hetero)aryl-substituted alkenes in moderate to high yields with complete selectivity for the Z stereochemically configured products. In the formation of the key C-C bond, computational studies revealed a direct SN2 pathway for alkylation of the vinylcopper intermediate with in situ-formed alkyl iodides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis A Kutateladze
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yuyang Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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6
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Baumann JE, Lalic G. Differential Dihydrofunctionalization: A Dual Catalytic Three-Component Coupling of Alkynes, Alkenyl Bromides, and Pinacolborane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206462. [PMID: 35849776 PMCID: PMC9452470 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A new method for differential dihydrofunctionalization of terminal alkynes enables the synthesis of allylic boronate esters through reductive three-component coupling of terminal alkynes, alkenyl bromides, and pinacolborane. The transformation is promoted by cooperative action of a copper/palladium catalyst system and results in hydrofunctionalization of both π-bonds of an alkyne. The synthesis of allylic boronate esters can be accomplished in the presence of a wide range of functional groups, including, esters, nitriles, alkyl halides, sulfonyl esters, acetals, protected terminal alkynes, aryl halides, and silyl ethers. Mechanistic experiments reveal the importance of subtle ligand effects on the performance of the palladium co-catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Baumann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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7
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Chen J, Ying J, Lu Z. Cobalt-catalyzed branched selective hydroallylation of terminal alkynes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4518. [PMID: 35922446 PMCID: PMC9349270 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we reported a cobalt-hydride-catalyzed Markovnikov-type hydroallylation of terminal alkynes with allylic electrophile to access valuable and branched skipped dienes (1,4-dienes) with good regioselectivity. This operationally simple protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance and exceptional substrate scope. The reactions could be carried out in gram-scale with TON (turn over number) up to 1160, and the products could be easily derivatized. The preliminary mechanism of electrophilic allylation of α-selective cobalt alkenyl intermediate was proposed based on deuterium labeling experiment and kinetic studies. Selectively generating “skipped” dienes, where two carbon–carbon double bonds are separated by a saturated carbon center, is an interesting problem in organic chemistry, with few reliable, catalytic methods currently available. Here, the authors report branched selective hydroallylation of terminal alkynes with allylic bromides to form skipped dienes, via cobalt catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Chen
- Center of chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiale Ying
- Center of chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Center of chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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8
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Wang Y, Yin J, Li Y, Yuan X, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Alkene-Derived Nucleophiles to Alkenyl-Substituted Heteroarenes. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - JianJun Yin
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Xiuping Yuan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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9
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Li Y, Liu D, Wan L, Zhang JY, Lu X, Fu Y. Ligand-Controlled Cobalt-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Alkyne Hydroalkylation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13961-13972. [PMID: 35866845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regiodivergent alkyne hydroalkylation to generate different isomers of an alkene from the same alkyne starting material would be beneficial; however, it remains a challenge. Herein, we report a ligand-controlled cobalt-catalyzed regiodivergent alkyne hydroalkylation. The sensible selection of bisoxazoline (L1) and pyridine-oxazoline (L8) ligands led to reliable and predictable protocols that provided (E)-1,2-disubstituted and 1,1-disubstituted alkenes with high E/Z stereoselectivity and regioisomeric ratio starting from identical terminal alkyne and alkyl halide substrates and produced trisubstituted alkenes in the case of internal alkynes. This method exhibits a broad scope for terminal and internal alkynes with a wide range of activated and unactivated alkyl halides and shows excellent functional group compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Deguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Lei Wan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Yang Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026 Hefei, China.,Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, 230031 Hefei, China
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10
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Baumann JE, Lalic G. Differential Dihydrofunctionalization: A Dual Catalytic Three‐Component Coupling of Alkynes, Alkenyl Bromides, and Pinacolborane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Unversity of Washington Chemistry Bagley Hall 98105 Seattle UNITED STATES
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11
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Zhang Y, Tanabe Y, Kuriyama S, Nishibayashi Y. Photoredox‐ and Nickel‐Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Alkynes with 4‐Alkyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines: Ligand‐Controlled Regioselectivity. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200727. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
| | - Shogo Kuriyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nishibayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113–8656 Japan
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12
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Ramani A, Desai B, Patel M, Naveen T. Recent advances in the functionalization of terminal and internal alkynes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arti Ramani
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of chemistry INDIA
| | - Bhargav Desai
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of chemistry INDIA
| | - Monak Patel
- Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Department of chemistry INDIA
| | - Togati Naveen
- SVNIT Surat: Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology Applied Chemistry Room No: 115, Applied Chemistry DepartmentSVNIT Surat 395007 SURAT INDIA
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13
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Hou CJ, Schuppe AW, Knippel JL, Ni AZ, Buchwald SL. A Dual CuH- and Pd-Catalyzed Stereoselective Synthesis of Highly Substituted 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2021; 23:8816-8821. [PMID: 34726414 PMCID: PMC9212073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated dienes are versatile building blocks and prevalent substructures in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report a method for the stereoselective hydroalkenylation of alkynes, utilizing readily available enol triflates. We leveraged an in situ-generated and geometrically pure vinyl-Cu(I) species to form the Z,Z- or Z,E-1,3-dienes in excellent stereoselectivity and yield. This approach allowed for the synthesis of highly substituted Z-dienes, including pentasubstituted 1,3-dienes, which are difficult to prepare by existing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Jin Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander W Schuppe
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - James Levi Knippel
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Anton Z Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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14
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Yu H, Ji Y, Sajjadi A. Copper catalyzed coupling reactions via unactivated alkyl reagents. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2021.1968911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Zhejiang College of Construction, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanchen Ji
- Zhejiang College of Construction, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ahmad Sajjadi
- Department of Chemistry, Frankfurt University of Applied Sciences, Frankfurt, Germany
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15
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Abstract
This paper describes a detailed mechanistic study of the silver-catalyzed Z-selective hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes. Considering the established mechanistic paradigms for Z-selective hydroalkylation of alkynes, we explored a mechanism based on the radical carbometalation of alkynes. Experimental results have provided strong evidence against the initially proposed radical mechanism and have led us to propose a new mechanism for the Z-selective hydroalkylation of alkynes based on boronate formation and a 1,2-metalate shift. The new mechanism provides a rationale for the excellent Z-selectivity observed in the reaction. A series of stoichiometric experiments has probed the feasibility of the proposed elementary steps and revealed an additional role of the silver catalyst in the protodeboration of an intermediate. Finally, a series of kinetic measurements, KIE experiments, and competition experiments allowed us to identify the turnover limiting step and the resting state of the catalyst. We believe that the results of this study will be useful in the further exploration and development of related transformations of alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell T. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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16
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Zhao X, Zhu S, Qing FL, Chu L. Reductive hydrobenzylation of terminal alkynes via photoredox and nickel dual catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9414-9417. [PMID: 34528966 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03668h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A photoredox/nickel dual catalyzed reductive hydrobenzylation of alkynes and benzyl chlorides by employing alkyl amines as a stoichiometric reductant is described. This synergistic protocol proceeds via Markovnikov-selective migratory insertion of an alkyne into nickel hydride, followed by cross-coupling with benzyl chloride, providing facile access to important 1,1-disubstituted olefins. This reaction enables the generation of nickel hydride by utilizing readily available alkyl amines as the hydrogen source. The mild conditions are compatible with a wide range of aryl and alkyl alkynes as well as chlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Shengqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Feng-Ling Qing
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lingling Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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17
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Speelman AL, Tran BL, Erickson JD, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA, Bullock RM. Accelerating the insertion reactions of (NHC)Cu-H via remote ligand functionalization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11495-11505. [PMID: 34567502 PMCID: PMC8409461 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01911b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Most ligand designs for reactions catalyzed by (NHC)Cu-H (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene ligand) have focused on introducing steric bulk near the Cu center. Here, we evaluate the effect of remote ligand modification in a series of [(NHC)CuH]2 in which the para substituent (R) on the N-aryl groups of the NHC is Me, Et, t Bu, OMe or Cl. Although the R group is distant (6 bonds away) from the reactive Cu center, the complexes have different spectroscopic signatures. Kinetics studies of the insertion of ketone, aldimine, alkyne, and unactivated α-olefin substrates reveal that Cu-H complexes with bulky or electron-rich R groups undergo faster substrate insertion. The predominant cause of this phenomenon is destabilization of the [(NHC)CuH]2 dimer relative to the (NHC)Cu-H monomer, resulting in faster formation of Cu-H monomer. These findings indicate that remote functionalization of NHCs is a compelling strategy for accelerating the rate of substrate insertion with Cu-H species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Speelman
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Ba L Tran
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Jeremy D Erickson
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - R Morris Bullock
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
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18
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O'Connor TJ, Mai BK, Nafie J, Liu P, Toste FD. Generation of Axially Chiral Fluoroallenes through a Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective β-Fluoride Elimination. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:13759-13768. [PMID: 34465099 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the copper-catalyzed silylation of propargylic difluorides to generate axially chiral, tetrasubstituted monofluoroallenes in both good yields (27 examples >80%) and enantioselectivities (82-98% ee). Compared to previously reported synthetic routes to axially chiral allenes (ACAs) from prochiral substrates, a mechanistically distinct reaction has been developed: the enantiodiscrimination between enantiotopic fluorides to set an axial stereocenter. DFT calculations and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) suggest that β-fluoride elimination from an alkenyl copper intermediate likely proceeds through a syn-β-fluoride elimination pathway rather than an anti-elimination pathway. The effects of the C1-symmetric Josiphos-derived ligand on reactivity and enantioselectivity were investigated. Not only does this report showcase that alkenyl copper species (like their alkyl counterparts) can undergo β-fluoride elimination, but this elimination can be achieved in an enantioselective fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jordan Nafie
- BioTools, Inc., 17546 Bee Line Highway, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - F Dean Toste
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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19
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Kim-Lee SH, Mauleón P, Gómez Arrayás R, Carretero JC. Dynamic multiligand catalysis: A polar to radical crossover strategy expands alkyne carboboration to unactivated secondary alkyl halides. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Persaud RR, Fang Z, Zall CM, Appel AM, Dixon DA. Computational Study of Triphosphine-Ligated Cu(I) Catalysts for Hydrogenation of CO 2 to Formate. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6600-6610. [PMID: 34297558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c04050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The catalyzed hydrogenation of CO2 to formate via a triphosphine-ligated Cu(I) was studied computationally at the density functional theory level in the presence of a self-consistent reaction field. Of the four functionals benchmarked, M06 was generally in the best agreement with the available experimentally estimated values. Two bases, DBU and TBD, were studied in the context of two proposed mechanisms in the MeCN solvent. Activation of H2 was explored by using LCu(DBU)+ to form LCuH. Dissociation of a ligand arm results in higher barriers to form the key hydride complex, LCuH. The preferred mechanism passes through a transition state, where the H2 has one H atom interacting with the copper center and the other H atom interacting with the N atom of the base, similar to H2 insertion into a frustrated Lewis pair. There is no significant difference between the choice of a base, DBU or TBD, with respect to the proposed mechanisms. We propose that the experimentally observed differences between DBU and TBD reactivities for this mechanism are due to off-pathway changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudradatt R Persaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Zongtang Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Christopher M Zall
- Department of Chemistry, Sam Houston State University, 1003 Bowers Boulevard, Huntsville, Texas 77341, United States
| | - Aaron M Appel
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, MS K2-57, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
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21
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Hu L, Gao H, Hu Y, Lv X, Wu YB, Lu G. Computational study of silver-catalyzed stereoselective hydroalkylation of alkynes: Pauli repulsion controlled Z/ E selectivity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6412-6415. [PMID: 34086023 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism and origin of stereoselectivity of silver-catalyzed hydroalkylation of alkynes were computationally investigated at the B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311+G(d,p)-SDD//B3LYP/6-31G(d)-LANL2DZ level. The complex of alkynyl trialkylboronate with cationic silver is a key intermediate, which triggers the rate- and stereoselectivity-determining 1,2-migration step. Energy decomposition analysis indicates that the difference of Pauli repulsion dominates the stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Han Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Yanlei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Xiangying Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
| | - Yan-Bo Wu
- Key Lab for Materials of Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province and Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China.
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22
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Hazra A, Kephart JA, Velian A, Lalic G. Hydroalkylation of Alkynes: Functionalization of the Alkenyl Copper Intermediate through Single Electron Transfer Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7903-7908. [PMID: 34004114 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a method for the stereoselective coupling of terminal alkynes and α-bromo carbonyls to generate functionalized E-alkenes. The coupling is accomplished by merging the closed-shell hydrocupration of alkynes with the open-shell single electron transfer (SET) chemistry of the resulting alkenyl copper intermediate. We demonstrate that the reaction is compatible with various functional groups and can be performed in the presence of aryl bromides, alkyl chlorides, alkyl bromides, esters, nitriles, amides, and a wide range of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Mechanistic studies provide evidence for SET oxidation of the alkenyl copper intermediate by an α-bromo ester as the key step that enables the cross coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Hazra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Jonathan A Kephart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Alexandra Velian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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23
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Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions represent a direct and atom-economical approach to introduce oxygen functionality into organic compounds, with CO acting as an inexpensive and readily available C1 feedstock. Despite the long history of carbonylation catalysis, including many processes that have been industrialized at bulk scale, there remain several challenges to tackle. For example, noble metals such as Pd, Rh, and Ir are typically used as catalysts for carbonylation reactions, rather than earth-abundant alternatives. Additionally, while carbonylation of C(sp2)-hybridized substrates (e.g., aryl halides) is well-known, carbonylation of unactivated alkyl electrophiles, especially where β-hydride elimination can compete with desired CO migratory insertion at the catalyst site, remains challenging for many systems. Recently, base metal catalysis based on Mn, Co, and other metals has enabled advances in carbonylative coupling of alkyl electrophiles, though the nucleophiles are often limited to alcohols or amines to generate esters or amides as products. Thus, we have targeted base metal-catalyzed carbonylative C-C and C-E (E = N, H, Si, B) coupling reactions as a method for approaching diverse carbonyl compounds of synthetic importance.Initially, we designed a heterobimetallic catalyst platform for carbonylative C-C coupling of alkyl halides with arylboronic esters (i.e., carbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling) to generate aryl alkyl ketones. Subsequently, we developed multicomponent carbonylation reactions of alkyl halides using NHC-Cu catalysts (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene). These reactions operate by radical mechanisms, converting alkyl halides into either acyl radical or acyl halide intermediates that undergo subsequent C-C or C-E coupling at the Cu site. This mechanistic paradigm is relatively novel in the metal-catalyzed carbonylation area, allowing us to discover a previously unexplored chemical space in carbonylative coupling catalysis. We have successfully developed the following reactions: (a) hydrocarbonylative coupling of alkynes with alkyl halides; (b) borocarbonylative coupling of alkynes with alkyl halides; (c) reductive aminocarbonylation of alkyl halides with nitroarenes; (d) reductive carbonylation of alkyl halides; (e) carbonylative silylation of alkyl halides; (f) carbonylative borylation of alkyl halides. These reactions provide a broad range of valuable products including ketones, allylic alcohols, β-borylenones, amides, alcohols, acylsilanes, and acylborons in an efficient manner. Notably, the preparation of some of these products has previously required multistep syntheses, harsh conditions, or specialized reagents. By contrast, the multicomponent coupling platform that we have developed requires only readily available building blocks and rapidly increases molecular complexity in a single synthetic manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Neal P. Mankad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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24
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Tian MQ, Shen ZY, Zhao X, Walsh PJ, Hu XH. Iron-Catalyzed Tertiary Alkylation of Terminal Alkynes with 1,3-Diesters via a Functionalized Alkyl Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:9706-9711. [PMID: 33590589 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Direct oxidative C(sp)-H/C(sp3 )-H cross-coupling offers an ideal and environmentally benign protocol for C(sp)-C(sp3 ) bond formations. As such, reactivity and site-selectivity with respect to C(sp3 )-H bond cleavage have remained a persistent challenge. Herein is reported a simple method for iron-catalyzed/silver-mediated tertiary alkylation of terminal alkynes with readily available and versatile 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The reaction is suitable for an array of substrates and proceeds in a highly selective manner even employing alkanes containing other tertiary, benzylic, and C(sp3 )-H bonds alpha to heteroatoms. Elaboration of the products enables the synthesis of a series of versatile building blocks. Control experiments implicate the in situ generation of a tertiary carbon-centered radical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Qing Tian
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhen-Yao Shen
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xu-Hong Hu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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25
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Tian M, Shen Z, Zhao X, Walsh PJ, Hu X. Iron‐Catalyzed Tertiary Alkylation of Terminal Alkynes with 1,3‐Diesters via a Functionalized Alkyl Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming‐Qing Tian
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhen‐Yao Shen
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Patrick J. Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories Penn/Merck Laboratory for High-Throughput Experimentation Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Xu‐Hong Hu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
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26
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Wang ZL, Zhang FL, Xu JL, Shan CC, Zhao M, Xu YH. Copper-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7735-7742. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Feng-Lian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jian-Lin Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Cui-Cui Shan
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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27
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Lee S, Lee S, Lee Y. Copper-Catalyzed Hydroalumination of Allenes with Diisobutylaluminum Hydride: Synthesis of Allylic Ketones with α-Quaternary Centers via Tandem Allylation/Oppenauer Oxidation. Org Lett 2020; 22:5806-5810. [PMID: 32654493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and straightforward approach to allylaluminum reagent synthesis through Cu-catalyzed hydroalumination of readily accessible allenes with diisobutylaluminum hydride is described. The N-heterocyclic carbene-based copper complex promotes hydride addition to various functionalized allenes under mild reaction conditions. The catalytic reaction is applied to a highly selective one-pot synthesis of allylic ketones with α-tertiary and α-quaternary centers through tandem nucleophilic addition of in situ-generated allylaluminums to aldehydes/Oppenauer oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangback Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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28
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Yu L, Lv L, Qiu Z, Chen Z, Tan Z, Liang Y, Li C. Palladium‐Catalyzed Formal Hydroalkylation of Aryl‐Substituted Alkynes with Hydrazones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yu
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Zihang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Zhangpei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Ze Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Feng Liang
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Chao‐Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
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29
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Yu L, Lv L, Qiu Z, Chen Z, Tan Z, Liang Y, Li C. Palladium‐Catalyzed Formal Hydroalkylation of Aryl‐Substituted Alkynes with Hydrazones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14009-14013. [PMID: 32365254 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yu
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Zihang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Zhangpei Chen
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Ze Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Feng Liang
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Chao‐Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and FRQNT Center for Green Chemistry and Catalysis McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
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30
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Wu N, Huang Y, Xu X, Qing F. Copper‐Catalyzed Hydrodifluoroallylation of Terminal Alkynes to Access (
E
)‐1,1‐Difluoro‐1,4‐Dienes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuo‐Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Yangen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of ScienceChinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of ScienceChinese Academy of Science 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 People's Republic of China
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31
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Matavos-Aramyan S, Soukhakian S, Jazebizadeh MH. Mononuclear Cu Complexes Based on Nitrogen Heterocyclic Carbene: A Comprehensive Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:39. [PMID: 32367181 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-00304-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, organometallic, coordination, and catalytic chemistry of the three-dimensional metals such as copper (Cu) has been greatly affected by the emergence of nitrogen heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes. The NHCs, and in particular the mononuclear CuI-based ones, have been proven vastly useful in several applications such as in biosynthesis, catalysis, photochemistry, etc. This review tries to thoroughly describe a series of mononuclear CuI NHC complexes and their subcategories such as heteroleptics, and bidentate and tridentate heteroatom complexes, and give some detailed insights on their development, emergence, and applications. A brief outlook is also disclosed to enable other researchers to further develop a platform for future advances and studies in the field of CuI-based NHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Matavos-Aramyan
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sadaf Soukhakian
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Jazebizadeh
- Research and Development Department, Division of Chemistry, Raazi Environmental Protection Foundation, Shiraz, Iran
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32
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Tran BL, Neisen BD, Speelman AL, Gunasekara T, Wiedner ES, Bullock RM. Mechanistic Studies on the Insertion of Carbonyl Substrates into Cu‐H: Different Rate‐Limiting Steps as a Function of Electrophilicity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8645-8653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ba L. Tran
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Benjamin D. Neisen
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Amy L. Speelman
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Thilina Gunasekara
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Eric S. Wiedner
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - R. Morris Bullock
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
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33
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Tran BL, Neisen BD, Speelman AL, Gunasekara T, Wiedner ES, Bullock RM. Mechanistic Studies on the Insertion of Carbonyl Substrates into Cu‐H: Different Rate‐Limiting Steps as a Function of Electrophilicity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ba L. Tran
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Benjamin D. Neisen
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Amy L. Speelman
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Thilina Gunasekara
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Eric S. Wiedner
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - R. Morris Bullock
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA
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34
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Yue H, Zhu C, Kancherla R, Liu F, Rueping M. Regioselective Hydroalkylation and Arylalkylation of Alkynes by Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalysis: Application and Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5738-5746. [PMID: 31901214 PMCID: PMC7154703 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alkynes are an important class of organic molecules due to their utility as versatile building blocks in synthesis. Although efforts have been devoted to the difunctionalization of alkynes, general and practical strategies for the direct hydroalkylation and alkylarylation of terminal alkynes under mild reaction conditions are less explored. Herein, we report a photoredox/nickel dual-catalyzed anti-Markovnikov-type hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes as well as a one-pot arylalkylation of alkynes with alkyl carboxylic acids and aryl bromides via a three-component cross-coupling. The results indicate that the transformations proceed via a new mechanism involving a single-electron transfer with subsequent energy-transfer activation pathways. Moreover, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence-spectroscopy measurements, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and wavefunction analysis have been performed to give an insight into the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yue
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Chen Zhu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rajesh Kancherla
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fangying Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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35
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Yue H, Zhu C, Kancherla R, Liu F, Rueping M. Regioselective Hydroalkylation and Arylalkylation of Alkynes by Photoredox/Nickel Dual Catalysis: Application and Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Yue
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Chen Zhu
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Rajesh Kancherla
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Fangying Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Magnus Rueping
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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36
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Liu S, Liu J, Wang Q, Wang J, Huang F, Wang W, Sun C, Chen D. The origin of regioselectivity in Cu-catalyzed hydrocarbonylative coupling of alkynes with alkyl halides. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00214c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Steric interactions mediate a switch between a ketone and allylic alcohol in Cu-catalyzed hydrocarbonylative coupling of alkynes with alkyl halides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Jianbiao Liu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Qiong Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
| | - Dezhan Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
- Institute of Molecular and Nano Science
- Shandong Normal University
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37
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Aliyu MA, Li B, Yang H, Tang W. Palladium-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling between α-bromo carboxamides and terminal alkynes. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01013h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling between α-bromo carboxamides and terminal alkynes was developed featuring a radical pathway and distinct from the Sonogashira coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muinat A. Aliyu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. China
| | - He Yang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- P. R. China
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38
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Cheng LJ, Mankad NP. C–C and C–X coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles using copper catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8036-8064. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00316f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Copper catalysts enable cross-coupling reactions of unactivated alkyl electrophiles to generate C–C and C–X bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Neal P. Mankad
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Chicago
- Chicago
- USA
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39
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Lee MT, Goodstein MB, Lalic G. Synthesis of Isomerically Pure ( Z)-Alkenes from Terminal Alkynes and Terminal Alkenes: Silver-Catalyzed Hydroalkylation of Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17086-17091. [PMID: 31633923 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes are an important class of compounds common among biologically active molecules and often are used as intermediates in organic synthesis. Many alkenes exist in two stereoisomeric forms (E and Z), which have different structures and different properties. The selective formation of the two isomers is an important synthetic goal that has long inspired the development of new synthetic methods. However, the efficient synthesis of diastereopure, thermodynamically less stable, Z-alkenes is still challenging. Here, we demonstrate an efficient synthesis of diastereopure Z-alkenes (Z:E > 300:1) through a silver-catalyzed hydroalkylation of terminal alkynes, using alkylboranes as coupling partners. We also describe the exploration of the substrate scope, which reveals the broad functional group compatibility of the new method. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that a 1,2-metalate rearrangement of the silver borate intermediate is the key step responsible for the stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell T Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Madison B Goodstein
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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40
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Zhu ZF, Tu JL, Liu F. Ni-Catalyzed deaminative hydroalkylation of internal alkynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11478-11481. [PMID: 31490479 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05385a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A regioselective cis-hydroalkylation of internal alkynes with readily prepared Katritzky pyridinium salts for the synthesis of tri-substituted alkenes is described. This reaction is the first example of a metal-catalyzed hydroalkylation of an alkyne via C-N bond activation of an amine. The reaction demonstrates broad scope and functional group tolerance, allowing access to desired products with high diversity. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that a combination of an SET-initiated radical process and Ni-catalyzed alkylation could engage in the reaction, which makes it possible to bypass the traditional open-shell addition pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Fan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Hazra A, Chen J, Lalic G. Stereospecific Synthesis of E-Alkenes through Anti-Markovnikov Hydroalkylation of Terminal Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12464-12469. [PMID: 31373807 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a method for stereospecific synthesis of E-alkenes from terminal alkynes and alkyl iodides. The hydroalkylation reaction is enabled by a cooperative action of copper and nickel catalysts and proceeds with excellent anti-Markovnikov selectivity. We demonstrate the broad scope of the reaction, which can be accomplished in the presence of esters, nitriles, aryl bromides, ethers, alkyl chlorides, anilines, and a wide range of nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic compounds. Mechanistic studies provide evidence that the copper catalyst activates the alkyne by hydrocupration, which controls both the regio- and diastereoselectivity of the overall reaction. The nickel catalyst activates the alkyl iodide and promotes cross coupling with the alkenyl copper intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Hazra
- University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98103 , United States
| | - Jason Chen
- University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98103 , United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98103 , United States
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42
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Drescher W, Kleeberg C. Terminal versus Bridging Boryl Coordination in N-Heterocyclic Carbene Copper(I) Boryl Complexes: Syntheses, Structures, and Dynamic Behavior. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8215-8229. [PMID: 31148446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The B-B bond activation of the diborane(4) derivatives B2cat2 with the copper(I) alkoxido complex [(SIDipp)Cu-O tBu] delivers, depending on the solvent, either the linear boryl complex [(SIDipp)Cu-Bcat] from PhMe or the μ-boryl complex [((SIDipp)Cu)2Bcat][cat2B] from THF. The relevant conversion of the linear boryl complex to the μ-boryl complex occurs in the polar solvent via formal boryl anion abstraction by the Lewis acid catB-O tBu, concomitantly formed during the B-B activation. With Lewis acids such as BPh3 or [CPh3][BArF] (reversible), boryl abstraction from the linear complexes [(SIDipp)Cu-Bcat] or [(SIDipp)Cu-Bdmab] occurs and results in the μ-boryl complexes [((SIDipp)Cu)2Bcat/dmab][Ph3B-Bcat/dmab] and [((SIDipp)Cu)2Bcat][BArF]. The formation of [((SIDipp)Cu)2Bcat][cat2B] is generally accompanied by the concomitant formation of the μ-hydrido complex [((SIDipp)Cu)2H][cat2B]. The spiroborate [cat2B]- is formed from the initially formed Lewis acid/base adduct [catB-B(O tBu)cat]- presumably in a process that involves the glass surface of the reaction vessel. All complexes are thoroughly characterized structurally as well as spectroscopically, in particular with respect to the dynamic behavior of the μ-boryl complexes in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Drescher
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Technische Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - Christian Kleeberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Technische Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig , 38106 Braunschweig , Germany
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43
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Armstrong MK, Lalic G. Differential Dihydrofunctionalization of Terminal Alkynes: Synthesis of Benzylic Alkyl Boronates through Reductive Three-Component Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6173-6179. [PMID: 30942593 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The differential dihydrofunctionalization of terminal alkynes is accomplished through the reductive three-component coupling of terminal alkynes, aryl halides, and pinacolborane. The transformation results in hydrofunctionalization of both π-bonds of an alkyne in a single reaction promoted by cooperative action of a copper/palladium catalyst system. The differential dihydrofunctionalization reaction has excellent substrate scope and can be accomplished in the presence of esters, nitriles, alkyl halides, epoxides, acetals, alkenes, aryl halides, and silyl ethers. Mechanistic experiments indicate that the reaction proceeds through copper-catalyzed hydroboration followed by a second hydrocupration. The resulting heterobimetallic complex is the key intermediate that participates in the subsequent palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling, which furnishes benzylic alkyl boronate products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Gojko Lalic
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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44
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Danopoulos AA, Simler T, Braunstein P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3730-3961. [PMID: 30843688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands across the Periodic Table had an impact on various aspects of the coordination, organometallic, and catalytic chemistry of the 3d metals, including Cu, Ni, and Co, both from the fundamental viewpoint but also in applications, including catalysis, photophysics, bioorganometallic chemistry, materials, etc. In this review, the emergence, development, and state of the art in these three areas are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Danopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou , Athens GR 15771 , Greece.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Thomas Simler
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
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45
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Synthesis of trisubstituted olefins via nickel-catalyzed decarboxylative hydroalkylation of internal alkynes. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Takahashi K, Morishita H, Ogiwara Y, Sakai N. Group 4 Metallocene Difluoride/Palladium Bimetallic Catalysts for the Reductive Cross-Coupling of Alkynes with Aryl Iodides and Bromides. J Org Chem 2018; 83:13734-13742. [PMID: 30359018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel protocol has been developed for the selective synthesis of ( E)-alkenes via the reductive cross-coupling of alkynes and aryl halides using a bimetallic catalyst system composed of a group 4 metallocene difluoride (Cp2[M]F2; [M] = Hf or Zr; Cp = cyclopentadienide) and palladium dichloride. This reaction proceeds via a coupling between an aryl halide and an in situ generated alkenyl metallocene intermediate derived from the group 4 metallocene difluoride, a hydrosilane, and an alkyne. For a catalytic reductive coupling, the addition of sodium fluoride (NaF) to the reaction system is required. Moreover, in the presence of NaF, a ligand exchange was observed by NMR spectroscopy in hafnocene diiodide (Cp2HfI2) to afford hafnocene difluoride (Cp2HfF2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Takahashi
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI) , Noda , Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Morishita
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI) , Noda , Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
| | - Yohei Ogiwara
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI) , Noda , Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
| | - Norio Sakai
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology , Tokyo University of Science (RIKADAI) , Noda , Chiba 278-8510 , Japan
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47
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Wu L, Song R, Luo S, Li J. Palladium‐Catalyzed Reductive [5+1] Cycloaddition of 3‐Acetoxy‐1,4‐enynes with CO: Access to Phenols Enabled by Hydrosilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Ren‐Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Jin‐Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics Hunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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48
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Wu L, Song R, Luo S, Li J. Palladium‐Catalyzed Reductive [5+1] Cycloaddition of 3‐Acetoxy‐1,4‐enynes with CO: Access to Phenols Enabled by Hydrosilanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13308-13312. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsHunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Ren‐Jie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsHunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsHunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
| | - Jin‐Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsHunan University Changsha 410082 China
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent, Pollutants Control and Resources RecycleNanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic ChemistryLanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
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49
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Chen J, Guo J, Lu Z. Recent Advances in Hydrometallation of Alkenes and Alkynes via the First Row Transition Metal Catalysis. CHINESE J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201800314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Wenzhou University; Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035 China
- Department of chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Department of chemistry; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang 310027 China
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50
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Kim Y, Lee H, Park S, Lee Y. Copper-Catalyzed Propargylic Reduction with Diisobutylaluminum Hydride. Org Lett 2018; 20:5478-5481. [PMID: 30113848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of allenes through selective copper-catalyzed hydride addition to propargylic chlorides using commercially available diisobutylaluminum hydride has been developed. This transformation, which is promoted by a readily accessible N-heterocyclic carbene-copper complex, provides a wide range of new and versatile functionalized allenes in good to excellent yields with high regio- and stereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuna Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Kwangwoon University , Seoul 01897 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Kwangwoon University , Seoul 01897 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sunga Park
- Department of Chemistry , Kwangwoon University , Seoul 01897 , Republic of Korea
| | - Yunmi Lee
- Department of Chemistry , Kwangwoon University , Seoul 01897 , Republic of Korea
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