1
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Zhou Y, Maisonneuve S, Maurel F, Xie J, Métivier R. Competitive Photoisomerization and Energy Transfer Processes in Fluorescent Multichromophoric Systems. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202071. [PMID: 36065043 PMCID: PMC10092411 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multichromophoric systems showing both fluorescence and photoisomerization are fascinating, with complex interchromophoric interactions. The experimental and theoretical study of a series of compounds, bearing a variable number of 4-dicyanomethylene-2-tert-butyl-6-(p-(N-(2-azidoethyl)-N-methyl)aminostyryl)-4H-pyran (DCM) units are reported. The photophysical properties of multi-DCM derivatives, namely 2DCM and 3DCM, were compared to the single model azido-functionalized DCM, in the E and Z isomers. The (EE)-2DCM and (EEE)-3DCM were synthesized via the click reaction. Steady-state spectroscopy and photokinetics experiments under UV or visible irradiation indicated the presence of intramolecular energy transfer processes among the DCM units. Homo- and hetero-energy transfer processes between adjacent chromophores were confirmed by fluorescence anisotropy and decays. Molecular dynamics simulations for 2DCM were carried out and analyzed using a Markov state model, providing geometrical parameters (orientation and distance between chromophores) and energy transfer efficiency. This work contributes to a better understanding and rationalization of multiple energy transfer processes occuring within multichromophoric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, PPSM, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Stéphane Maisonneuve
- ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, PPSM, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Juan Xie
- ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, PPSM, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Rémi Métivier
- ENS Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay CNRS, PPSM, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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2
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Abstract
This review surveys recent progress towards robust chiral nanostructure fabrication techniques using synthetic helical polymers, the unique inferred properties that these materials possess, and their intricate connection to natural, biological chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James F. Reuther
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Massachusetts Lowell
- Lowell
- USA
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3
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Albonetti C, Chiodini S, Annibale P, Stoliar P, Martinez RV, Garcia R, Biscarini F. Quantitative phase-mode electrostatic force microscopy on silicon oxide nanostructures. J Microsc 2020; 280:252-269. [PMID: 32538463 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Phase-mode electrostatic force microscopy (EFM-Phase) is a viable technique to image surface electrostatic potential of silicon oxide stripes fabricated by oxidation scanning probe lithography, exhibiting an inhomogeneous distribution of localized charges trapped within the stripes during the electrochemical reaction. We show here that these nanopatterns are useful benchmark samples for assessing the spatial/voltage resolution of EFM-phase. To quantitatively extract the relevant observables, we developed and applied an analytical model of the electrostatic interactions in which the tip and the surface are modelled in a prolate spheroidal coordinates system, fitting accurately experimental data. A lateral resolution of ∼60 nm, which is comparable to the lateral resolution of EFM experiments reported in the literature, and a charge resolution of ∼20 electrons are achieved. This electrostatic analysis evidences the presence of a bimodal population of trapped charges in the nanopatterned stripes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Albonetti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Bologna, Italy
| | - S Chiodini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Bologna, Italy.,Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragon (INA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - P Annibale
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Bologna, Italy.,Present address: Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Stoliar
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Bologna, Italy.,National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - R V Martinez
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Present address: School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - R Garcia
- Materials Science Factory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Biscarini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (CNR-ISMN), Bologna, Italy.,Department of Life Sciences, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Center for Translational Neurophysiology-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy
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4
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Sun H, Liu D, Du J. Nanobowls with controlled openings and interior holes driven by the synergy of hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction. Chem Sci 2019; 10:657-664. [PMID: 30774866 PMCID: PMC6349061 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03995j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric nanoparticles such as nanobowls have promising potential in many fields due to their interior asymmetric cavities and specific concave structure. However, the fabrication of nanobowls and control over their openings and interior holes are still challenging. Herein we demonstrate a versatile strategy for preparing nanobowls with precisely controlled openings and interior holes based on the synergy of hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction of homopolymers. We designed and synthesized a series of amphiphilic homopolymers with an amino alcohol moiety and azobenzene pendant (poly(2-hydroxy-3-((4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)amino)propyl methacrylate) (PHAzoMA)). The homopolymers can self-assemble into nanobowls due to the heterogeneous shrinkage of the preformed spheres. Upon increasing the molecular weight of the homopolymers from 10.1 to 76.9 kg mol-1, the sizes of the openings of nanobowls can be precisely controlled from 242 to 423 nm with a linear relationship as a result of the enhancement of the hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction between homopolymer chains. Overall, we have prepared finely controlled nanobowls by the synergy of non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding and π-π interaction of polymers, which opens a new avenue for the preparation of asymmetric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Polymeric Materials , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China . ; ; Tel: +86-21-6958-0239
| | - Danqing Liu
- Department of Polymeric Materials , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China . ; ; Tel: +86-21-6958-0239
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials , School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tongji University , 4800 Caoan Road , Shanghai 201804 , China . ; ; Tel: +86-21-6958-0239
- Department of Orthopedics , Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai 200072 , China
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5
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Liscio A, Kouroupis-Agalou K, Kovtun A, Gebremedhn E, El Garah M, Rekab W, Orgiu E, Giorgini L, Samorì P, Beljonne D, Palermo V. Exfoliation of Few-Layer Graphene in Volatile Solvents Using Aromatic Perylene Diimide Derivatives as Surfactants. Chempluschem 2016; 82:358-367. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201600503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mohamed El Garah
- ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg&CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Wassima Rekab
- ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg&CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Emanuele Orgiu
- ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg&CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Loris Giorgini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”; Università di Bologna; viale Risorgimento 4 40100 Bologna Italy
| | - Paolo Samorì
- ISIS & icFRC; Université de Strasbourg&CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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6
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Ikai T, Wada Y, Takagi Y, Shinohara KI. Impact of a minority enantiomer on the polymerization of alanine-based isocyanides with an oligothiophene pendant. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A synthetic polymer requiring a long-range homochiral sequence (>50 repeating units) to fold into a helical conformation has been prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ikai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Yuya Wada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Yugaku Takagi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kanazawa 920-1192
- Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Shinohara
- School of Materials Science
- Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
- Nomi 923-1292
- Japan
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7
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Hasobe T, Ida K, Sakai H, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S. Coronenetetraimide-Centered Cruciform Pentamers Containing Multiporphyrin Units: Synthesis and Sequential Photoinduced Energy- and Electron-Transfer Dynamics. Chemistry 2015; 21:11196-205. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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8
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Ikai T, Takagi Y, Shinohara KI, Maeda K, Kanoh S. Synthesis of polyisocyanides bearing oligothiophene pendants: higher-order structural control through pendant framework design. Polym J 2015. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Xu J, Semin S, Rasing T, Rowan AE. Organized chromophoric assemblies for nonlinear optical materials: towards (sub)wavelength scale architectures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:1113-1129. [PMID: 25358754 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201402085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photonic circuits are expected to greatly contribute to the next generation of integrated chips, as electronic integrated circuits become confronted with bottlenecks such as heat generation and bandwidth limitations. One of the main challenges for the state-of-the-art photonic circuits lies in the development of optical materials with high nonlinear optical (NLO) susceptibilities, in particular in the wavelength and subwavelength dimensions which are compatible with on-chip technologies. In this review, the varied approaches to micro-/nanosized NLO materials based on building blocks of bio- and biomimetic molecules, as well as synthetic D-π-A chromophores, have been categorized as supramolecular self-assemblies, molecular scaffolds, and external force directed assemblies. Such molecular and supramolecular NLO materials have intrinsic advantages, such as structural diversities, high NLO susceptibilities, and clear structure-property relationships. These "bottom-up" fabrication approaches are proposed to be combined with the "top-down" techniques such as lithography, etc., to generate multifunctionality by coupling light and matter on the (sub)wavelength scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Xu
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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10
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Leydecker T, Trong Duong D, Salleo A, Orgiu E, Samorì P. Solution-processed field-effect transistors based on dihexylquaterthiophene films with performances exceeding those of vacuum-sublimed films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:21248-21255. [PMID: 25380324 DOI: 10.1021/am506245v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processable oligothiophenes are model systems for charge transport and fabrication of organic field-effect transistors (OFET) . Herein we report a structure vs function relationship study focused on the electrical characteristics of solution-processed dihexylquaterthiophene (DH4T)-based OFET. We show that by combining the tailoring of all interfaces in the bottom-contact bottom-gate transistor, via chemisorption of ad hoc molecules on electrodes and dielectric, with suitable choice of the film preparation conditions (including solvent type, concentration, volume, and deposition method), it is possible to fabricate devices exhibiting field-effect mobilities exceeding those of vacuum-processed DH4T transistors. In particular, the evaporation rate of the solvent, the processing temperature, as well as the concentration of the semiconducting material were found to hold a paramount importance in driving the self-assembly toward the formation of highly ordered and low-dimensional supramolecular architectures, confirming the kinetically governed nature of the self-assembly process. Among the various architectures, hundreds-of-micrometers long and thin DH4T crystallites exhibited enhanced charge transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Leydecker
- ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS , 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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11
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El Gemayel M, Narita A, Dössel LF, Sundaram RS, Kiersnowski A, Pisula W, Hansen MR, Ferrari AC, Orgiu E, Feng X, Müllen K, Samorì P. Graphene nanoribbon blends with P3HT for organic electronics. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:6301-6314. [PMID: 24733615 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) the electrical characteristics of polymeric semiconducting materials suffer from the presence of structural/morphological defects and grain boundaries as well as amorphous domains within the film, hindering an efficient transport of charges. To improve the percolation of charges we blend a regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with newly designed N = 18 armchair graphene nanoribbons (GNRs). The latter, prepared by a bottom-up solution synthesis, are expected to form solid aggregates which cannot be easily interfaced with metallic electrodes, limiting charge injection at metal-semiconductor interfaces, and are characterized by a finite size, thus by grain boundaries, which negatively affect the charge transport within the film. Both P3HT and GNRs are soluble/dispersible in organic solvents, enabling the use of a single step co-deposition process. The resulting OFETs show a three-fold increase in the charge carrier mobilities in blend films, when compared to pure P3HT devices. This behavior can be ascribed to GNRs, and aggregates thereof, facilitating the transport of the charges within the conduction channel by connecting the domains of the semiconductor film. The electronic characteristics of the devices such as the Ion/Ioff ratio are not affected by the addition of GNRs at different loads. Studies of the electrical characteristics under illumination for potential use of our blend films as organic phototransistors (OPTs) reveal a tunable photoresponse. Therefore, our strategy offers a new method towards the enhancement of the performance of OFETs, and holds potential for technological applications in (opto)electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella El Gemayel
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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12
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Orgiu E, Samorì P. 25th anniversary article: organic electronics marries photochromism: generation of multifunctional interfaces, materials, and devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:1827-1845. [PMID: 24554562 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201304695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have garnered significant interest as key components for flexible, low-cost, and large-area electronics. Hitherto, both materials and processing thereof seems to head towards a mature technology which shall ultimately meet expectations and efforts built up over the past years. However, by its own organic electronics cannot compete or complement the silicon-based electronics in integrating multiple functions in a small area unless novel solutions are brought into play. Photochromic molecules are small organic molecules able to undergo reversible photochemical isomerization between (at least) two (meta)stable states which exhibit markedly different properties. They can be embedded as additional component in organic-based materials ready to be exploited in devices such as OLEDs, OFETs, and OLETs. The structurally controlled incorporation of photochromic molecules can be done at various interfaces of a device, including the electrode/semiconductor or dielectric/semiconductor interface, or even as a binary mixture in the active layer, in order to impart a light responsive nature to the device. This can be accomplished by modulating via a light stimulus fundamental physico-chemical properties such as charge injection and transport in the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Orgiu
- Nanochemistry Laboratory, ISIS & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg & CNRS, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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13
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Avinash MB, Govindaraju T. Amino acid derivatized arylenediimides: a versatile modular approach for functional molecular materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:3905-22. [PMID: 22714652 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nature's elegant molecular designs and their assemblies with specific structure-property correlations have inspired researchers to design and develop bio-mimics for advanced functional applications. To realize such advanced molecular materials, naturally evolved amino acids are arguably the ideal auxiliaries due to their remarkable molecular/chiral recognition and distinctive sequence specific self-assembling properties. Over the years, this modular approach of derivatizing naphthalenediimides (NDIs) and perylenediimides (PDIs) with amino acids and peptides have resulted in several hitherto unknown molecular assemblies with phenomenal impact on their performance. Derivatization with versatile arylenediimides is especially interesting due to their wide spread applications in fields ranging from biomedicine to electronics. Herein some of these seminal reports of this rapidly emerging field and the design principles embraced are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Avinash
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
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14
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Yagai S, Usui M, Seki T, Murayama H, Kikkawa Y, Uemura S, Karatsu T, Kitamura A, Asano A, Seki S. Supramolecularly Engineered Perylene Bisimide Assemblies Exhibiting Thermal Transition from Columnar to Multilamellar Structures. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7983-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302574b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiki Yagai
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku,
Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Mari Usui
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Haruno Murayama
- Office
of Society-Academia Collaboration
for Innovation, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi,
Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kikkawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan
| | - Shinobu Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kurokami 2-39-1, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Karatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Akihide Kitamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry & Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Asano
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shu Seki
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate
School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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15
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Savage RC, Orgiu E, Mativetsky JM, Pisula W, Schnitzler T, Eversloh CL, Li C, Müllen K, Samorì P. Charge transport in fibre-based perylene-diimide transistors: effect of the alkyl substitution and processing technique. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:2387-2393. [PMID: 22392518 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr30088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report a comparative study on the self-assembly from solution and electrical characterization of n-type semiconducting fibres obtained from five different perylenebis(dicarboximide) (PDI) derivatives. In particular we investigated the role of the nature of the alkyl chain covalently linked to the N,N' sites of the PDI in modulating the molecular solubility and aggregation capacity. We explored the morphologies of the self-assembled architectures physisorbed on dielectric surfaces and in particular how they can be modified by tuning the deposition and post-deposition procedures, i.e. by modulating the kinetics of the self-assembly process. To this end, alongside the conventional spin-coating, solvent vapour annealing (SVA) and solvent induced precipitation (SIP) have been employed. Both approaches led to fibres having widths of several hundred nanometres and lengths up to tens of micrometres. SVA formed isolated fibres which were tens of nanometres high, flat, and tapered at the ends. Conversely, SIP fibres exhibited nearly matching heights and widths, but organized into bundles. Despite these morphological differences, the same intermolecular packing is found by XRD in each type of structure, albeit with differing degrees of long-range order. The study of the electrical characteristics of the obtained low dimensional nano-assemblies has been accomplished by fabricating and characterizing organic field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Savage
- ISIS/UMR CNRS 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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16
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Liscio A, Bonini M, Treossi E, Orgiu E, Kastler M, Dötz F, Palermo V, Samorì P. Improving charge transport in poly(3-hexylthiophene) transistors via blending with an alkyl-substituted phenylene-thiophene-thiophene-phenylene molecule. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Wang KR, Guo DS, Jiang BP, Liu Y. Excitonic coupling interactions in the self-assembly of perylene-bridged bis(β-cyclodextrin)s and porphyrin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3644-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17786b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Orgiu E, Masillamani AM, Vogel JO, Treossi E, Kiersnowski A, Kastler M, Pisula W, Dötz F, Palermo V, Samorì P. Enhanced mobility in P3HT-based OTFTs upon blending with a phenylene–thiophene–thiophene–phenylene small molecule. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:1562-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15477j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Wang S, Dössel L, Mavrinskiy A, Gao P, Feng X, Pisula W, Müllen K. Self-assembly and microstructural control of a hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene-perylene diimide dyad by solvent vapor diffusion. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:2841-2846. [PMID: 21898792 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suhao Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany
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20
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Liscio A, Palermo V, Fenwick O, Braun S, Müllen K, Fahlman M, Cacialli F, Samorí P. Local surface potential of π-conjugated nanostructures by Kelvin probe force microscopy: effect of the sampling depth. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2011; 7:634-639. [PMID: 21280210 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) is usually applied to map the local surface potential of nanostructured materials at surfaces and interfaces. KPFM is commonly defined as a 'surface technique', even if this assumption is not fully justified. However, a quantification of the surface sensitivity of this technique is crucial to explore electrical properties at the nanoscale. Here a versatile 3D model is presented which provides a quantitative explanation of KPFM results, taking into account the vertical structure of the sample. The model is tested on nanostructured films obtained from two relevant semiconducting systems for field-effect transistor and solar cell applications showing different interfacial properties, i.e., poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and perylene-bis-dicarboximide (PDI). These findings are especially important since they enable quantitative determination of the local surface potential of conjugated nanostructures, and thereby pave the way towards optimization of the electronic properties of nanoscale architectures for organic electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Liscio
- Instituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività-Consiglio, Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
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Huang YS, Yang X, Schwartz E, Lu LP, Albert-Seifried S, Finlayson CE, Koepf M, Kitto HJ, Ulgut B, Otten MBJ, Cornelissen JJLM, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE, Friend RH. Sequential Energy and Electron Transfer in Polyisocyanopeptide-Based Multichromophoric Arrays. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:1590-600. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1071605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Shih Huang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Xudong Yang
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Erik Schwartz
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Li Ping Lu
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Chris E. Finlayson
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Matthieu Koepf
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heather J. Kitto
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Burak Ulgut
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Matthijs B. J. Otten
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. L. M. Cornelissen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland J. M. Nolte
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard H. Friend
- Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
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Liscio A, Veronese GP, Treossi E, Suriano F, Rossella F, Bellani V, Rizzoli R, Samorì P, Palermo V. Charge transport in graphene–polythiophene blends as studied by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy and transistor characterization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02940h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Savage RC, Mativetsky JM, Orgiu E, Palma M, Gbabode G, Geerts YH, Samorì P. Integration of self-assembled discotic-based fibres into field-effect transistors: a comparison of preparation approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01754j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Schwartz E, Koepf M, Kitto HJ, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE. Helical poly(isocyanides): past, present and future. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Liscio A, Orgiu E, Mativetsky JM, Palermo V, Samorì P. Bottom-up fabricated asymmetric electrodes for organic electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:5018-5023. [PMID: 20809516 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201002215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Liscio
- ISOF-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
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26
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Lentijo S, Miguel JA, Espinet P. Highly Fluorescent Platinum(II) Organometallic Complexes of Perylene and Perylene Monoimide, with Pt σ-Bonded Directly to the Perylene Core. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:9169-77. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1003319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Lentijo
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús A. Miguel
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
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Salavagione HJ, Martínez G, Gómez R, Segura JL. Synthesis of water-soluble perylenediimide-functionalized polymer through esterification with poly(vinyl alcohol). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Palermo V, Schwartz E, Finlayson CE, Liscio A, Otten MBJ, Trapani S, Müllen K, Beljonne D, Friend RH, Nolte RJM, Rowan AE, Samorì P. Macromolecular scaffolding: the relationship between nanoscale architecture and function in multichromophoric arrays for organic electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:E81-E88. [PMID: 20217805 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200903672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of the electronic properties of molecular materials based on optically or electrically active organic building blocks requires a fine-tuning of their self-assembly properties at surfaces. Such a fine-tuning can be obtained on a scale up to 10 nm by mastering principles of supramolecular chemistry, i.e., by using suitably designed molecules interacting via pre-programmed noncovalent forces. The control and fine-tuning on a greater length scale is more difficult and challenging. This Research News highlights recent results we obtained on a new class of macromolecules that possess a very rigid backbone and side chains that point away from this backbone. Each side chain contains an organic semiconducting moiety, whose position and electronic interaction with neighboring moieties are dictated by the central macromolecular scaffold. A combined experimental and theoretical approach has made it possible to unravel the physical and chemical properties of this system across multiple length scales. The (opto)electronic properties of the new functional architectures have been explored by constructing prototypes of field-effect transistors and solar cells, thereby providing direct insight into the relationship between architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Palermo
- Instituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.
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Abstract
The operation of organic diodes in solar cells and light-emitting displays strongly depends on the properties of the interfaces between hole- and electron-carrying organic semiconductors. Such interfaces are difficult to characterize, as they are usually buried under the surface or exist as an irregular "bulk heterojunction." Using a unique fluorinated barrier layer-based lithographic technique, we fabricated a lateral organic p-n junction, allowing the first observation of the potential at an organic p-n interface simultaneously with the charge transport measurements. We find that the diode characteristics of the device (current output and rectification ratio) are consistent with the changes in the surface potentials near the junction, and the current-voltage curves and junction potentials are strongly and self-consistently modulated by a third, gate electrode. The generality of our technique makes this an attractive method to investigate the physics of organic semiconductor junctions. The lithographic technique is applicable to a wide variety of soft material patterns. The observation of built-in potentials makes an important connection between organic junctions and textbook descriptions of inorganic devices. Finally, these kinds of potentials may prove to be controlling factors in charge separation efficiency in organic photovoltaics.
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Puigmartí-Luis J, Pérez del Pino Á, Laukhin V, Feldborg LN, Rovira C, Laukhina E, Amabilino DB. Solvent effect on the morphology and function of novel gel-derived molecular materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b917751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Melucci M, Treossi E, Ortolani L, Giambastiani G, Morandi V, Klar P, Casiraghi C, Samorì P, Palermo V. Facile covalent functionalization of graphene oxide using microwaves: bottom-up development of functional graphitic materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01242d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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De Luca G, Liscio A, Melucci M, Schnitzler T, Pisula W, Clark CG, Scolaro LM, Palermo V, Müllen K, Samorì P. Phase separation and affinity between a fluorinated perylene diimide dye and an alkyl-substituted hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b915484a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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