1
|
Adhikari K, Vanermen M, Da Silva G, Van den Wyngaert T, Augustyns K, Elvas F. Trans-cyclooctene-a Swiss army knife for bioorthogonal chemistry: exploring the synthesis, reactivity, and applications in biomedical breakthroughs. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:47. [PMID: 38844698 PMCID: PMC11156836 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trans-cyclooctenes (TCOs) are highly strained alkenes with remarkable reactivity towards tetrazines (Tzs) in inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reactions. Since their discovery as bioorthogonal reaction partners, novel TCO derivatives have been developed to improve their reactivity, stability, and hydrophilicity, thus expanding their utility in diverse applications. MAIN BODY TCOs have garnered significant interest for their applications in biomedical settings. In chemical biology, TCOs serve as tools for bioconjugation, enabling the precise labeling and manipulation of biomolecules. Moreover, their role in nuclear medicine is substantial, with TCOs employed in the radiolabeling of peptides and other biomolecules. This has led to their utilization in pretargeted nuclear imaging and therapy, where they function as both bioorthogonal tags and radiotracers, facilitating targeted disease diagnosis and treatment. Beyond these applications, TCOs have been used in targeted cancer therapy through a "click-to-release" approach, in which they act as key components to selectively deliver therapeutic agents to cancer cells, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. However, the search for a suitable TCO scaffold with an appropriate balance between stability and reactivity remains a challenge. CONCLUSIONS This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the synthesis of TCOs, and its challenges, and their development throughout the years. We describe their wide ranging applications as radiolabeled prosthetic groups for radiolabeling, as bioorthogonal tags for pretargeted imaging and therapy, and targeted drug delivery, with the aim of showcasing the versatility and potential of TCOs as valuable tools in advancing biomedical research and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karuna Adhikari
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Molecular Imaging and Radiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vanermen
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Molecular Imaging and Radiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gustavo Da Silva
- Molecular Imaging and Radiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tim Van den Wyngaert
- Molecular Imaging and Radiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Koen Augustyns
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Filipe Elvas
- Molecular Imaging and Radiology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wei L, Guo Y, Li Z, Jiang H, Qi C. Silver-Catalyzed Coupling of Ethynylbenziodoxolones with CO 2 and Amines to Afford O-β-Oxoalkyl Carbamates. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38780900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
A novel three-component coupling reaction of ethynylbenziodoxolones (EBXs) with CO2 and amines has been achieved via silver catalysis, thereby providing an efficient method for the construction of a range of structurally diverse and valuable O-β-oxoalkyl carbamates. The transformation proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a wide substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. In addition, this strategy could be extended to the synthesis of α-acyloxyketones using carboxylic acids as the nucleophiles to react with EBXs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wei
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Chaorong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fang Y, Hillman AS, Fox JM. Advances in the Synthesis of Bioorthogonal Reagents: s-Tetrazines, 1,2,4-Triazines, Cyclooctynes, Heterocycloheptynes, and trans-Cyclooctenes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2024; 382:15. [PMID: 38703255 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-024-00455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Aligned with the increasing importance of bioorthogonal chemistry has been an increasing demand for more potent, affordable, multifunctional, and programmable bioorthogonal reagents. More advanced synthetic chemistry techniques, including transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, C-H activation, photoinduced chemistry, and continuous flow chemistry, have been employed in synthesizing novel bioorthogonal reagents for universal purposes. We discuss herein recent developments regarding the synthesis of popular bioorthogonal reagents, with a focus on s-tetrazines, 1,2,4-triazines, trans-cyclooctenes, cyclooctynes, hetero-cycloheptynes, and -trans-cycloheptenes. This review aims to summarize and discuss the most representative synthetic approaches of these reagents and their derivatives that are useful in bioorthogonal chemistry. The preparation of these molecules and their derivatives utilizes both classical approaches as well as the latest organic chemistry methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinzhi Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
| | - Ashlyn S Hillman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
| | - Joseph M Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 590 Avenue 1743, Newark, DE, 19713, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
He X, Li J, Liang X, Mao W, Deng X, Qin M, Su H, Wu H. An all-in-one tetrazine reagent for cysteine-selective labeling and bioorthogonal activable prodrug construction. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2831. [PMID: 38565562 PMCID: PMC10987521 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The prodrug design strategy offers a potent solution for improving therapeutic index and expanding drug targets. However, current prodrug activation designs are mainly responsive to endogenous stimuli, resulting in unintended drug release and systemic toxicity. In this study, we introduce 3-vinyl-6-oxymethyl-tetrazine (voTz) as an all-in-one reagent for modular preparation of tetrazine-caged prodrugs and chemoselective labeling peptides to produce bioorthogonal activable peptide-prodrug conjugates. These stable prodrugs can selectively bind to target cells, facilitating cellular uptake. Subsequent bioorthogonal cleavage reactions trigger prodrug activation, significantly boosting potency against tumor cells while maintaining exceptional off-target safety for normal cells. In vivo studies demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of this prodrug design approach. Given the broad applicability of functional groups and labeling versatility with voTz, we foresee that this strategy will offer a versatile solution to enhance the therapeutic range of cytotoxic agents and facilitate the development of bioorthogonal activatable biopharmaceuticals and biomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu He
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinglong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Qin
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Su
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Reynolds DE, Sun Y, Wang X, Vallapureddy P, Lim J, Pan M, Fernandez Del Castillo A, Carlson JCT, Sellmyer MA, Nasrallah M, Binder Z, O'Rourke DM, Ming G, Song H, Ko J. Live Organoid Cyclic Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309289. [PMID: 38326078 PMCID: PMC11005682 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Organoids are becoming increasingly relevant in biology and medicine for their physiological complexity and accuracy in modeling human disease. To fully assess their biological profile while preserving their spatial information, spatiotemporal imaging tools are warranted. While previously developed imaging techniques, such as four-dimensional (4D) live imaging and light-sheet imaging have yielded important clinical insights, these technologies lack the combination of cyclic and multiplexed analysis. To address these challenges, bioorthogonal click chemistry is applied to display the first demonstration of multiplexed cyclic imaging of live and fixed patient-derived glioblastoma tumor organoids. This technology exploits bioorthogonal click chemistry to quench fluorescent signals from the surface and intracellular of labeled cells across multiple cycles, allowing for more accurate and efficient molecular profiling of their complex phenotypes. Herein, the versatility of this technology is demonstrated for the screening of glioblastoma markers in patient-derived human glioblastoma organoids while conserving their viability. It is anticipated that the findings and applications of this work can be broadly translated into investigating physiological developments in other organoid systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Reynolds
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Yusha Sun
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Phoebe Vallapureddy
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jianhua Lim
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Menghan Pan
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Andres Fernandez Del Castillo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular BiophysicsPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Mark A. Sellmyer
- Department of RadiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - MacLean Nasrallah
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Zev Binder
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Donald M. O'Rourke
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of NeurosurgeryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Guo‐li Ming
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Institute for Regenerative MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of NeuroscienceMahoney Institute for NeurosciencesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- GBM Translational Center of ExcellenceAbramson Cancer CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental BiologyPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of PsychiatryPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- The Epigenetics InstitutePerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| | - Jina Ko
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Huang W, Gunawardhana N, Zhang Y, Escorihuela J, Laughlin ST. Pyranthiones/Pyrones: "Click and Release" Donors for Subcellular Hydrogen Sulfide Delivery and Labeling. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303465. [PMID: 37985373 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S), one of the most important gasotransmitters, plays a critical role in endogenous signaling pathways of many diseases. However, developing H2 S donors with both tunable release kinetics and high release efficiency for subcellular delivery has been challenging. Here, we describe a click and release reaction between pyrone/pyranthiones and bicyclononyne (BCN). This reaction features a release of CO2 /COS with second-order rate constants comparable to Strain-Promoted Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition reactions (SPAACs). Interestingly, pyranthiones showed enhanced reaction rates compared to their pyrone counterparts. We investigated pyrone biorthogonality and demonstrated their utility in protein labeling applications. Moreover, we synthesized substituted pyranthiones with H2 S release kinetics that can address the range of physiologically relevant H2 S dynamics in cells and achieved quantitative H2 S release efficiency in vitro. Finally, we explored the potential of pyranthiones as H2 S/COS donors for mitochondrial-targeted H2 S delivery in living cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
| | - Nipuni Gunawardhana
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
| | - Yunlei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
| | - Jorge Escorihuela
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Scott T Laughlin
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11790, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Min Q, Ji X. Bioorthogonal Bond Cleavage Chemistry for On-demand Prodrug Activation: Opportunities and Challenges. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16546-16567. [PMID: 38085596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Time- and space-resolved drug delivery is highly demanded for cancer treatment, which, however, can barely be achieved with a traditional prodrug strategy. In recent years, the prodrug strategy based on a bioorthogonal bond cleavage chemistry has emerged with the advantages of high temporospatial resolution over drug activation and homogeneous activation irrespective of individual heterogeneity. In the past five years, tremendous progress has been witnessed in this field with one such bioorthogonal prodrug entering Phase II clinical trials. This Perspective aims to highlight these new advances (2019-2023) and critically discuss their pros and cons. In addition, the remaining challenges and potential strategic directions for future progress will also be included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqiang Min
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xingyue Ji
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu GX, Lee LCC, Leung PKK, Mak ECL, Shum J, Zhang KY, Zhao Q, Lo KKW. Bioorthogonal dissociative rhenium(i) photosensitisers for controlled immunogenic cell death induction. Chem Sci 2023; 14:13508-13517. [PMID: 38033895 PMCID: PMC10686031 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04903e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosensitisers for photoimmunotherapy with high spatiotemporal controllability are rare. In this work, we designed rhenium(i) polypyridine complexes modified with a tetrazine unit via a bioorthogonally activatable carbamate linker as bioorthogonally dissociative photosensitisers for the controlled induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). The complexes displayed increased emission intensities and singlet oxygen (1O2) generation efficiencies upon reaction with trans-cyclooct-4-enol (TCO-OH) due to the separation of the quenching tetrazine unit from the rhenium(i) polypyridine core. One of the complexes containing a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) group exhibited negligible dark cytotoxicity but showed greatly enhanced (photo)cytotoxic activity towards TCO-OH-pretreated cells upon light irradiation. The reason is that TCO-OH allowed the synergistic release of the more cytotoxic rhenium(i) aminomethylpyridine complex and increased 1O2 generation. Importantly, the treatment induced a cascade of events, including lysosomal dysfunction, autophagy suppression and ICD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first example of using bioorthogonal dissociation reactions as a trigger to realise photoinduced ICD, opening up new avenues for the development of innovative photoimmunotherapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Lawrence Cho-Cheung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited Units 1503-1511, 15/F, Building 17 W, Hong Kong Science Park New Territories Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Peter Kam-Keung Leung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimetre Waves, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Eunice Chiu-Lam Mak
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Justin Shum
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Yin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimetre Waves, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang Y, Liu S, Hao X, Wang Z, Liang M, Lu Y, Zhou X. Near-Infrared Molecular Logic Gate for In Situ Construction and Quantification of Cell-Macromolecule Conjugates. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15818-15825. [PMID: 37815497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Engineering cell surfaces with macromolecules offers the potential to manipulate and control their phenotype and function for cell-based therapies. In situ construction and real-time evaluation of cell-macromolecule conjugates are vital for characterizing their dynamics, mobility, and function but remain a great challenge. Herein, we design a near-infrared (NIR) heptamethine cyanine (LS)-bearing dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) and norbornene (NB) in its structure for rapid and selective bioorthogonal "click" coupling to azide-labeled cells and tetrazine-functionalized macromolecular precursors. Specifically, only orthogonal dual "click" cell-macromolecule conjugates turn on NIR fluorescence, in which LS behaves as an AND logic gate, with azide- and tetrazine-derivatives being "input" and the emission intensity as the output. LS enables in situ construction and real-time evaluation of the process and functional effects that macromolecules "graft to" cells with high cytocompatibility. This probe is tailor-made for live-cell microscopy technologies, which may open new opportunities for promoting further developments in cell-tracking and cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Shengsen Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Hao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zigeng Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Mingchen Liang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yingxi Lu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xianfeng Zhou
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alghamdi ZS, Klausen M, Gambardella A, Lilienkampf A, Bradley M. Solid-Phase Synthesis of s-Tetrazines. Org Lett 2023; 25:3104-3108. [PMID: 37083299 PMCID: PMC10167685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of s-tetrazines by solid-phase methods is described. This synthesis route was compatible with different solid-phase resins and linkers and did not require metal catalysts or high temperatures. Monosubstituted tetrazines were routinely synthesized using thiol-promoted chemistry, using dichloromethane as a carbon source, while disubstituted unsymmetrical aryl or alkyl tetrazines were synthesized using readily available nitriles. This efficient approach enabled the synthesis of s-tetrazines in high yields (70-94%), eliminating the classical solution-phase problems of mixtures of symmetrical and unsymmetrical tetrazines, with only a single final purification step required, and paves the way to the rapid synthesis of s-tetrazines with various applications in bioorthogonal chemistry and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainab S Alghamdi
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maxime Klausen
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Alessia Gambardella
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Annamaria Lilienkampf
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Mark Bradley
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rosenberger JE, Xie Y, Fang Y, Lyu X, Trout WS, Dmitrenko O, Fox JM. Ligand-Directed Photocatalysts and Far-Red Light Enable Catalytic Bioorthogonal Uncaging inside Live Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:6067-6078. [PMID: 36881718 PMCID: PMC10589873 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Described are ligand-directed catalysts for live-cell, photocatalytic activation of bioorthogonal chemistry. Catalytic groups are localized via a tethered ligand either to DNA or to tubulin, and red light (660 nm) photocatalysis is used to initiate a cascade of DHTz oxidation, intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction, and elimination to release phenolic compounds. Silarhodamine (SiR) dyes, more conventionally used as biological fluorophores, serve as photocatalysts that have high cytocompatibility and produce minimal singlet oxygen. Commercially available conjugates of Hoechst dye (SiR-H) and docetaxel (SiR-T) are used to localize SiR to the nucleus and microtubules, respectively. Computation was used to assist the design of a new class of redox-activated photocage to release either phenol or n-CA4, a microtubule-destabilizing agent. In model studies, uncaging is complete within 5 min using only 2 μM SiR and 40 μM photocage. In situ spectroscopic studies support a mechanism involving rapid intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction and a rate-determining elimination step. In cellular studies, this uncaging process is successful at low concentrations of both the photocage (25 nM) and the SiR-H dye (500 nM). Uncaging n-CA4 causes microtubule depolymerization and an accompanying reduction in cell area. Control studies demonstrate that SiR-H catalyzes uncaging inside the cell, and not in the extracellular environment. With SiR-T, the same dye serves as a photocatalyst and the fluorescent reporter for microtubule depolymerization, and with confocal microscopy, it was possible to visualize microtubule depolymerization in real time as the result of photocatalytic uncaging in live cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia E. Rosenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Yinzhi Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Xinyi Lyu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - William S. Trout
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Olga Dmitrenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Joseph M. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhong X, Yan J, Ding X, Su C, Xu Y, Yang M. Recent Advances in Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry for Enhanced PET and SPECT Radiochemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:457-476. [PMID: 36811499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to their high reaction rate and reliable selectivity, bioorthogonal click reactions have been extensively investigated in numerous research fields, such as nanotechnology, drug delivery, molecular imaging, and targeted therapy. Previous reviews on bioorthogonal click chemistry for radiochemistry mainly focus on 18F-labeling protocols employed to produce radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals. In fact, besides fluorine-18, other radionuclides such as gallium-68, iodine-125, and technetium-99m are also used in the field of bioorthogonal click chemistry. Herein, to provide a more comprehensive perspective, we provide a summary of recent advances in radiotracers prepared using bioorthogonal click reactions, including small molecules, peptides, proteins, antibodies, and nucleic acids as well as nanoparticles based on these radionuclides. The combination of pretargeting with imaging modalities or nanoparticles, as well as the clinical translations study, are also discussed to illustrate the effects and potential of bioorthogonal click chemistry for radiopharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Zhong
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ding
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
| | - Chen Su
- Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214002, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, P. R. China
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Spitzberg JD, Ferguson S, Yang KS, Peterson HM, Carlson JCT, Weissleder R. Multiplexed analysis of EV reveals specific biomarker composition with diagnostic impact. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1239. [PMID: 36870999 PMCID: PMC9985597 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes and extracellular vesicles (EV) are increasingly being explored as circulating biomarkers, but their heterogenous composition will likely mandate the development of multiplexed EV technologies. Iteratively multiplexed analyses of near single EVs have been challenging to implement beyond a few colors during spectral sensing. Here we developed a multiplexed analysis of EV technique (MASEV) to interrogate thousands of individual EVs during 5 cycles of multi-channel fluorescence staining for 15 EV biomarkers. Contrary to the common belief, we show that: several markers proposed to be ubiquitous are less prevalent than believed; multiple biomarkers concur in single vesicles but only in small fractions; affinity purification can lead to loss of rare EV subtypes; and deep profiling allows detailed analysis of EV, potentially improving the diagnostic content. These findings establish the potential of MASEV for uncovering fundamental EV biology and heterogeneity and increasing diagnostic specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Spitzberg
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Scott Ferguson
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Katherine S Yang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Hannah M Peterson
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jonathan C T Carlson
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sondag D, Maartense L, de Jong H, de Kleijne FFJ, Bonger KM, Löwik DWPM, Boltje TJ, Dommerholt J, White PB, Blanco-Ania D, Rutjes FPJT. Readily Accessible Strained Difunctionalized trans-Cyclooctenes with Fast Click and Release Capabilities. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203375. [PMID: 36478614 PMCID: PMC10107714 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The click reaction between a functionalized trans-cyclooctene (TCO) and a tetrazine (Tz) is a compelling method for bioorthogonal conjugation in combination with payload releasing capabilities. However, the synthesis of difunctionalized TCOs remains challenging. As a result, these compounds are poorly accessible, which impedes the development of novel applications. In this work, the scalable and accessible synthesis of a new bioorthogonal difunctionalized TCO is reported in only four single selective high yielding steps starting from commercially available compounds. The TCO-Tz click reaction was assessed and revealed excellent kinetic rates and subsequently payload release was shown with various functionalized derivatives. Tetrazine triggered release of carbonate and carbamate payloads was demonstrated up to 100 % release efficiency and local drug release was shown in a cellular toxicity study which revealed a >20-fold increase in cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daan Sondag
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Luuk Maartense
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Heleen de Jong
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frank F J de Kleijne
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Kimberly M Bonger
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Dennis W P M Löwik
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jan Dommerholt
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Paul B White
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Daniel Blanco-Ania
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Floris P J T Rutjes
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kuba W, Sohr B, Keppel P, Svatunek D, Humhal V, Stöger B, Goldeck M, Carlson JCT, Mikula H. Oxidative Desymmetrization Enables the Concise Synthesis of a trans-Cyclooctene Linker for Bioorthogonal Bond Cleavage. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203069. [PMID: 36250260 PMCID: PMC10098836 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Modified trans-cyclooctenes (TCO) are capable of highly efficient molecular manipulations in biological environments, driven by the bioorthogonal reaction with tetrazines (Tz). The development of click-cleavable TCO has fueled the field of in vivo chemistry and enabled the design of therapeutic strategies that have already started to enter the clinic. A key element for most of these approaches is the implementation of a cleavable TCO linker. So far, only one member of this class has been developed, a compound that requires a high synthetic effort, mainly to fulfill the multilayered demands on its chemical structure. To tackle this limitation, we developed a dioxolane-fused cleavable TCO linker (dcTCO) that can be prepared in only five steps by applying an oxidative desymmetrization to achieve diastereoselective introduction of the required functionalities. Based on investigation of the structure, reaction kinetics, stability, and hydrophilicity of dcTCO, we demonstrate its bioorthogonal application in the design of a caged prodrug that can be activated by in-situ Tz-triggered cleavage to achieve a remarkable >1000-fold increase in cytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walter Kuba
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Sohr
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Patrick Keppel
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dennis Svatunek
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Humhal
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-ray Center, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Goldeck
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria.,Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonathan C T Carlson
- Center for Systems Biology & Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Hannes Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, 1060, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lucas K. Cycling, Fasting, Fishing, and Other Things: The Emerging World of Biocompatible Chemistries. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200178. [PMID: 36047616 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
New tools in the field of biocompatible chemistries are enabling researchers to probe immunological and genetic information with highly multiplexed capabilities. These bioorthogonal click chemistry reactions provide a platform for tumor and immune cell profiling for dozens of markers on the same cell sample simultaneously, providing a more complete snapshot of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kilean Lucas
- Harvard University, 7 Fuller Rd., Billerica, MA, 01821, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ko J, Wilkovitsch M, Oh J, Kohler RH, Bolli E, Pittet MJ, Vinegoni C, Sykes DB, Mikula H, Weissleder R, Carlson JCT. Spatiotemporal multiplexed immunofluorescence imaging of living cells and tissues with bioorthogonal cycling of fluorescent probes. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1654-1662. [PMID: 35654978 PMCID: PMC9669087 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cells in complex organisms undergo frequent functional changes, but few methods allow comprehensive longitudinal profiling of living cells. Here we introduce scission-accelerated fluorophore exchange (SAFE), a method for multiplexed temporospatial imaging of living cells with immunofluorescence. SAFE uses a rapid bioorthogonal click chemistry to remove immunofluorescent signals from the surface of labeled cells, cycling the nanomolar-concentration reagents in seconds and enabling multiple rounds of staining of the same samples. It is non-toxic and functional in both dispersed cells and intact living tissues. We demonstrate multiparameter (n ≥ 14), non-disruptive imaging of murine peripheral blood mononuclear and bone marrow cells to profile cellular differentiation. We also show longitudinal multiplexed imaging of bone marrow progenitor cells as they develop into neutrophils over 6 days and real-time multiplexed cycling of living mouse hepatic tissues. We anticipate that SAFE will find broad utility for investigating physiologic dynamics in living systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jina Ko
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Juhyun Oh
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rainer H Kohler
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evangelia Bolli
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mikael J Pittet
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, Zurich, Switzerland
- AGORA Cancer Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Vinegoni
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David B Sykes
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannes Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jonathan C T Carlson
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Keppel P, Sohr B, Kuba W, Goldeck M, Skrinjar P, Carlson JCT, Mikula H. Tetrazine-Triggered Bioorthogonal Cleavage of trans-Cyclooctene-Caged Phenols Using a Minimal Self-Immolative Linker Strategy. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200363. [PMID: 35921044 PMCID: PMC9804162 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Bond-cleavage reactions triggered by bioorthogonal tetrazine ligation have emerged as strategies to chemically control the function of (bio)molecules and achieve activation of prodrugs in living systems. While most of these approaches make use of caged amines, current methods for the release of phenols are limited by unfavorable reaction kinetics or insufficient stability of the Tz-responsive reactants. To address this issue, we have implemented a self-immolative linker that enables the connection of cleavable trans-cyclooctenes (TCO) and phenols via carbamate linkages. Based on detailed investigation of the reaction mechanism with several Tz, revealing up to 96 % elimination after 2 hours, we have developed a TCO-caged prodrug with 750-fold reduced cytotoxicity compared to the parent drug and achieved in situ activation upon Tz/TCO click-to-release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Keppel
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien1060ViennaAustria
| | - Barbara Sohr
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien1060ViennaAustria
| | - Walter Kuba
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien1060ViennaAustria
| | - Marion Goldeck
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien1060ViennaAustria,Center for Anatomy and Cell BiologyMedical University of Vienna1090ViennaAustria
| | - Philipp Skrinjar
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien1060ViennaAustria
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems Biology & Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA02114USA
| | - Hannes Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic ChemistryTU Wien1060ViennaAustria
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bystrov DM, Pivkina AN, Fershtat LL. An Alliance of Polynitrogen Heterocycles: Novel Energetic Tetrazinedioxide-Hydroxytetrazole-Based Materials. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185891. [PMID: 36144627 PMCID: PMC9505947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Energetic materials constitute one of the most important subtypes of functional materials used for various applications. A promising approach for the construction of novel thermally stable high-energy materials is based on an assembly of polynitrogen biheterocyclic scaffolds. Herein, we report on the design and synthesis of a new series of high-nitrogen energetic salts comprising the C-C linked 6-aminotetrazinedioxide and hydroxytetrazole frameworks. Synthesized materials were thoroughly characterized by IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. As a result of a vast amount of the formed intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds, prepared ammonium and amino-1,2,4-triazolium salts are thermally stable and have good densities of 1.75–1.78 g·cm−3. All synthesized compounds show high detonation performance, reaching that of benchmark RDX. At the same time, as compared to RDX, investigated salts are less friction sensitive due to the formed net of hydrogen bonds. Overall, reported functional materials represent a novel perspective subclass of secondary explosives and unveil further opportunities for an assembly of biheterocyclic next-generation energetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry M. Bystrov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla N. Pivkina
- N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Kosygin Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences 47 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fershtat LL. Recent advances in the synthesis and performance of 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-based energetic materials. FIREPHYSCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpc.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
21
|
Zhao Y, Yao Q, Chen J, Zhang R, Song J, Gao Y. Intracellular fluorogenic supramolecular assemblies for self-reporting bioorthogonal prodrug activation. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5662-5668. [PMID: 35996984 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00972b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A visual drug delivery system (DDS) is urgently needed for precision medicine. DDS-mediated bioorthogonal prodrug activation strategies have demonstrated remarkable advantages in enlarging a therapeutic index via the alleviation of adverse drug reactions. However, the events of bioorthogonal prodrug activation remain inaccessible. Here, we construct a self-reporting bioorthogonal prodrug activation system using fluorescence emission to interpret prodrug activation events. In designed reactive oxygen species (ROS)-instructed supramolecular assemblies, the bioorthogonal reaction handle of tetrazine carries a dual role as fluorescence quencher and prodrug activator. The subsequent inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction simultaneously liberates fluorescence and active drugs, which form a linear relationship. Differentiated by their cellular redox status, ROS-instructed supramolecular assemblies form selectively in both tumor cells and cell spheroids. Upon prodrug treatment, the brightness of fluorescence reflects the liberation of active drugs, which further correlates with the cell survival rate. Therefore, a fluorescence-based visualizable DDS (VDDS) for bioorthogonal prodrug activation is demonstrated, which should be useful to elucidate the multi-step processes in drug delivery and determine prodrug activation efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Qingxin Yao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jiali Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Ruijia Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Jialei Song
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kang D, Lee S, Kim J. Bioorthogonal Click and Release: A General, Rapid, Chemically Revertible Bioconjugation Strategy Employing Enamine N-oxides. Chem 2022; 8:2260-2277. [PMID: 36176744 PMCID: PMC9514142 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A chemically revertible bioconjugation strategy featuring a new bioorthogonal dissociative reaction employing enamine N-oxides is described. The reaction is rapid, complete, directional, traceless, and displays a broad substrate scope. Reaction rates for cleavage of fluorophores from proteins are on the order of 82 M-1s-1, and the reaction is relatively insensitive to common aqueous buffers and pHs between 4 and 10. Diboron reagents with bidentate and tridentate ligands also effectively reduce the enamine N-oxide to induce dissociation and compound release. This reaction can be paired with the corresponding bioorthogonal hydroamination reaction to afford an integrated system of bioorthogonal click and release via an enamine N-oxide linchpin with a minimal footprint. The tandem associative and dissociative reactions are useful for the transient attachment of proteins and small molecules with access to a discrete, isolable intermediate. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this revertible transformation on cells using chemically cleavable antibody-drug conjugates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Kang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Sanghyeon Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Justin Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Lead Contact
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ko J, Lucas K, Kohler R, Halabi EA, Wilkovitsch M, Carlson JCT, Weissleder R. In Vivo Click Chemistry Enables Multiplexed Intravital Microscopy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200064. [PMID: 35750648 PMCID: PMC9405492 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability to observe cells in live organisms is essential for understanding their function in complex in vivo milieus. A major challenge today has been the limited ability to perform higher multiplexing beyond four to six colors to define cell subtypes in vivo. Here, a click chemistry-based strategy is presented for higher multiplexed in vivo imaging in mouse models. The method uses a scission-accelerated fluorophore exchange (SAFE), which exploits a highly efficient bioorthogonal mechanism to completely remove fluorescent signal from antibody-labeled cells in vivo. It is shown that the SAFE-intravital microscopy imaging method allows 1) in vivo staining of specific cell types in dorsal and cranial window chambers of mice, 2) complete un-staining in minutes, 3) in vivo click chemistries at lower (µm) and thus non-toxic concentrations, and 4) the ability to perform in vivo cyclic imaging. The potential utility of the method is demonstrated by 12 color imaging of immune cells in live mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jina Ko
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Kilean Lucas
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Rainer Kohler
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Elias A. Halabi
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Martin Wilkovitsch
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
- Department of Systems BiologyHarvard Medical School200 Longwood AveBostonMA02115USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang Y, Shen G, Li J, Mao W, Sun H, Feng P, Wu H. Bioorthogonal Cleavage of Tetrazine-Caged Ethers and Esters Triggered by trans-Cyclooctene. Org Lett 2022; 24:5293-5297. [PMID: 35848542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yayue Wang
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guohua Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongbao Sun
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ping Feng
- Clinical Trial Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Frontiers Science Center for Disease Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Peterson HM, Chin LK, Iwamoto Y, Oh J, Carlson JCT, Lee H, Im H, Weissleder R. Integrated Analytical System for Clinical Single-Cell Analysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200415. [PMID: 35508767 PMCID: PMC9284190 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
High-dimensional analyses of cancers can potentially be used to better define cancer subtypes, analyze the complex tumor microenvironment, and perform cancer cell pathway analyses for drug trials. Unfortunately, integrated systems that allow such analyses in serial fine needle aspirates within a day or at point-of-care currently do not exist. To achieve this, an integrated immunofluorescence single-cell analyzer (i2SCAN) for deep profiling of directly harvested cells is developed. By combining a novel cellular imaging system, highly cyclable bioorthogonal FAST antibody panels, and integrated computational analysis, it is shown that same-day analysis is possible in thousands of harvested cells. It is demonstrated that the i2SCAN approach allows comprehensive analysis of breast cancer samples obtained by fine needle aspiration or core tissues. The method is a rapid, robust, and low-cost solution to high-dimensional analysis of scant clinical specimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M. Peterson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Lip Ket Chin
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Yoshi Iwamoto
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Juhyun Oh
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Cancer CenterMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Hakho Lee
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Hyungsoon Im
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Cancer CenterMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of RadiologyMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMA02114USA
- Department of Systems BiologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Visualization of living cells and tissues in many colors. Nat Biotechnol 2022; 40:1580-1581. [PMID: 35668325 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-022-01348-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
27
|
Svatunek D, Wilkovitsch M, Hartmann L, Houk KN, Mikula H. Uncovering the Key Role of Distortion in Bioorthogonal Tetrazine Tools That Defy the Reactivity/Stability Trade-Off. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8171-8177. [PMID: 35500228 PMCID: PMC9100665 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The tetrazine/trans-cyclooctene ligation stands
out from the bioorthogonal toolbox due to its exceptional reaction
kinetics, enabling multiple molecular technologies in vitro and in
living systems. Highly reactive 2-pyridyl-substituted tetrazines have
become state of the art for time-critical processes and selective
reactions at very low concentrations. It is widely accepted that the
enhanced reactivity of these chemical tools is attributed to the electron-withdrawing
effect of the heteroaryl substituent. In contrast, we show that the
observed reaction rates are way too high to be explained on this basis.
Computational investigation of this phenomenon revealed that distortion
of the tetrazine caused by intramolecular repulsive N–N interaction
plays a key role in accelerating the cycloaddition step. We show that
the limited stability of tetrazines in biological media strongly correlates
with the electron-withdrawing effect of the substituent, while intramolecular
repulsion increases the reactivity without reducing the stability.
These fundamental insights reveal thus far overlooked mechanistic
aspects that govern the reactivity/stability trade-off for tetrazines
in physiologically relevant environments, thereby providing a new
strategy that may facilitate the rational design of these bioorthogonal
tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Svatunek
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Lea Hartmann
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles 90095, United States
| | - Hannes Mikula
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien 1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Zhou Z, Feng S, Zhou J, Ji X, Long YQ. On-Demand Activation of a Bioorthogonal Prodrug of SN-38 with Fast Reaction Kinetics and High Releasing Efficiency In Vivo. J Med Chem 2021; 65:333-342. [PMID: 34963283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although a myriad of bioorthogonal prodrugs have been developed, very few of them present both fast reaction kinetics and complete cleavage. Herein, we report a new bioorthogonal prodrug strategy with both fast reaction kinetics (k2: ∼103 M-1 s-1) and complete cleavage (>90% within minutes) using the bioorthogonal reaction pair of N-oxide and boron reagent. Distinctively, an innovative 1,6-elimination-based self-immolative linker is masked by N-oxide, which can be bioorthogonally demasked by a boron reagent for the release of both amino and hydroxy-containing payload in live cells. Such a strategy was applied to prepare a bioorthogonal prodrug for a camptothecin derivative, SN-38, resulting in 10-fold weakened cytotoxicity against A549 cells, 300-fold enhanced water solubility, and "on-demand" activation upon a click reaction both in vitro and in vivo. This novel bioorthogonal prodrug strategy presents significant advances over the existing ones and may find wide applications in drug delivery in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shun Feng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jujun Zhou
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xingyue Ji
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ya-Qiu Long
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wang L, Shi F, Qi C, Xu W, Xiong W, Kang B, Jiang H. Stereodivergent synthesis of β-iodoenol carbamates with CO 2 via photocatalysis. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11821-11830. [PMID: 34659721 PMCID: PMC8442729 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03366b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added chemicals is of great significance from the viewpoint of green chemistry and sustainable development. Here, we report a stereodivergent synthesis of β-iodoenol carbamates through a photocatalytic three-component coupling of ethynylbenziodoxolones, CO2 and amines. By choosing appropriate photocatalysts, both Z- and E-isomers of β-iodoenol carbamates, which are difficult to prepare using existing methods, can be obtained stereoselectively. This transformation featured mild conditions, excellent functional group compatibility and broad substrate scope. The potential synthetic utility of this protocol was demonstrated by late-stage modification of bioactive molecules and pharmaceuticals as well as by elaborating the products to access a wide range of valuable compounds. More importantly, this strategy could provide a general and practical method for stereodivergent construction of trisubstituted alkenes such as triarylalkenes, which represents a fascinating challenge in the field of organic chemistry research. A series of mechanism investigations revealed that the transformation might proceed through a charge-transfer complex which might be formed through a halogen bond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Fuxing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Chaorong Qi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Wenfang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Bangxiong Kang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang C, Zhang H, Zhang T, Zou X, Wang H, Rosenberger J, Vannam R, Trout WS, Grimm JB, Lavis LD, Thorpe C, Jia X, Li Z, Fox JM. Enabling In Vivo Photocatalytic Activation of Rapid Bioorthogonal Chemistry by Repurposing Silicon-Rhodamine Fluorophores as Cytocompatible Far-Red Photocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10793-10803. [PMID: 34250803 PMCID: PMC8765119 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores that absorb in the tissue-penetrant far-red/near-infrared window have long served as photocatalysts to generate singlet oxygen for photodynamic therapy. However, the cytotoxicity and side reactions associated with singlet oxygen sensitization have posed a problem for using long-wavelength photocatalysis to initiate other types of chemical reactions in biological environments. Herein, silicon-Rhodamine compounds (SiRs) are described as photocatalysts for inducing rapid bioorthogonal chemistry using 660 nm light through the oxidation of a dihydrotetrazine to a tetrazine in the presence of trans-cyclooctene dienophiles. SiRs have been commonly used as fluorophores for bioimaging but have not been applied to catalyze chemical reactions. A series of SiR derivatives were evaluated, and the Janelia Fluor-SiR dyes were found to be especially effective in catalyzing photooxidation (typically 3%). A dihydrotetrazine/tetrazine pair is described that displays high stability in both oxidation states. A protein that was site-selectively modified by trans-cyclooctene was quantitatively conjugated upon exposure to 660 nm light and a dihydrotetrazine. By contrast, a previously described methylene blue catalyst was found to rapidly degrade the protein. SiR-red light photocatalysis was used to cross-link hyaluronic acid derivatives functionalized by dihydrotetrazine and trans-cyclooctenes, enabling 3D culture of human prostate cancer cells. Photoinducible hydrogel formation could also be carried out in live mice through subcutaneous injection of a Cy7-labeled hydrogel precursor solution, followed by brief irradiation to produce a stable hydrogel. This cytocompatible method for using red light photocatalysis to activate bioorthogonal chemistry is anticipated to find broad applications where spatiotemporal control is needed in biological environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanqi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Julia Rosenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Raghu Vannam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - William S. Trout
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Jonathan B. Grimm
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Luke D. Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Colin Thorpe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Xinqiao Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
- Delaware Biotechnology Institute, Newark, Delaware 19711, USA
| | - Zibo Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Joseph M. Fox
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wang J, Wang X, Fan X, Chen PR. Unleashing the Power of Bond Cleavage Chemistry in Living Systems. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:929-943. [PMID: 34235254 PMCID: PMC8227596 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Bioorthogonal cleavage chemistry has been rapidly emerging as a powerful tool for manipulation and gain-of-function studies of biomolecules in living systems. While the initial bond formation-centered bioorthogonal reactions have been widely adopted for labeling, tracing, and capturing biomolecules, the newly developed bond cleavage-enabled bioorthogonal reactions have opened new possibilities for rescuing small molecules as well as biomacromolecules in living systems, allowing multidimensional controls over biological processes in vitro and in vivo. In this Outlook, we first summarized the development and applications of bioorthogonal cleavage reactions (BCRs) that restore the functions of chemical structures as well as more complex networks, including the liberation of prodrugs, release of bioconjugates, and in situ reactivation of intracellular proteins. As we embarked on this fruitful progress, we outlined the unmet scientific needs and future directions along this exciting avenue. We believe that the potential of BCRs will be further unleashed when combined with other frontier technologies, such as genetic code expansion and proximity-enabled chemical labeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Synthetic and Functional
Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Southern University of Science
and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Synthetic and Functional
Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyuan Fan
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Synthetic and Functional
Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peng R. Chen
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Synthetic and Functional
Biomolecules Center, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular
Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking−Tsinghua
Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shieh P, Hill MR, Zhang W, Kristufek SL, Johnson JA. Clip Chemistry: Diverse (Bio)(macro)molecular and Material Function through Breaking Covalent Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7059-7121. [PMID: 33823111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the two decades since the introduction of the "click chemistry" concept, the toolbox of "click reactions" has continually expanded, enabling chemists, materials scientists, and biologists to rapidly and selectively build complexity for their applications of interest. Similarly, selective and efficient covalent bond breaking reactions have provided and will continue to provide transformative advances. Here, we review key examples and applications of efficient, selective covalent bond cleavage reactions, which we refer to herein as "clip reactions." The strategic application of clip reactions offers opportunities to tailor the compositions and structures of complex (bio)(macro)molecular systems with exquisite control. Working in concert, click chemistry and clip chemistry offer scientists and engineers powerful methods to address next-generation challenges across the chemical sciences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Megan R Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wenxu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Samantha L Kristufek
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Stéen EJ, Jørgensen JT, Denk C, Battisti UM, Nørregaard K, Edem PE, Bratteby K, Shalgunov V, Wilkovitsch M, Svatunek D, Poulie CBM, Hvass L, Simón M, Wanek T, Rossin R, Robillard M, Kristensen JL, Mikula H, Kjaer A, Herth MM. Lipophilicity and Click Reactivity Determine the Performance of Bioorthogonal Tetrazine Tools in Pretargeted In Vivo Chemistry. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:824-833. [PMID: 33860205 PMCID: PMC8033778 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The development of highly selective and fast biocompatible reactions for ligation and cleavage has paved the way for new diagnostic and therapeutic applications of pretargeted in vivo chemistry. The concept of bioorthogonal pretargeting has attracted considerable interest, in particular for the targeted delivery of radionuclides and drugs. In nuclear medicine, pretargeting can provide increased target-to-background ratios at early time-points compared to traditional approaches. This reduces the radiation burden to healthy tissue and, depending on the selected radionuclide, enables better imaging contrast or higher therapeutic efficiency. Moreover, bioorthogonally triggered cleavage of pretargeted antibody-drug conjugates represents an emerging strategy to achieve controlled release and locally increased drug concentrations. The toolbox of bioorthogonal reactions has significantly expanded in the past decade, with the tetrazine ligation being the fastest and one of the most versatile in vivo chemistries. Progress in the field, however, relies heavily on the development and evaluation of (radio)labeled compounds, preventing the use of compound libraries for systematic studies. The rational design of tetrazine probes and triggers has thus been impeded by the limited understanding of the impact of structural parameters on the in vivo ligation performance. In this work, we describe the development of a pretargeted blocking assay that allows for the investigation of the in vivo fate of a structurally diverse library of 45 unlabeled tetrazines and their capability to reach and react with pretargeted trans-cyclooctene (TCO)-modified antibodies in tumor-bearing mice. This study enabled us to assess the correlation of click reactivity and lipophilicity of tetrazines with their in vivo performance. In particular, high rate constants (>50 000 M-1 s-1) for the reaction with TCO and low calculated logD 7.4 values (below -3) of the tetrazine were identified as strong indicators for successful pretargeting. Radiolabeling gave access to a set of selected 18F-labeled tetrazines, including highly reactive scaffolds, which were used in pretargeted PET imaging studies to confirm the results from the blocking study. These insights thus enable the rational design of tetrazine probes for in vivo application and will thereby assist the clinical translation of bioorthogonal pretargeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E. Johanna
L. Stéen
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper T. Jørgensen
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Christoph Denk
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische
Universität Wien (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Umberto M. Battisti
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kamilla Nørregaard
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Patricia E. Edem
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Klas Bratteby
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department
of Radiation Physics, Skåne University
Hospital, Barngatan 3, 22242 Lund, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Shalgunov
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Martin Wilkovitsch
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische
Universität Wien (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dennis Svatunek
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische
Universität Wien (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian B. M. Poulie
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Lars Hvass
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Marina Simón
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas Wanek
- Preclinical
Molecular Imaging, AIT Austrian Institute
of Technology GmbH, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Raffaella Rossin
- Tagworks
Pharmaceuticals, Geert
Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marc Robillard
- Tagworks
Pharmaceuticals, Geert
Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jesper L. Kristensen
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hannes Mikula
- Institute
of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Technische
Universität Wien (TU Wien), Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Cluster
for Molecular Imaging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Matthias M. Herth
- Department
of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department
of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej
9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Dadhwal S, Lee A, Goswami SK, Hook S, Gamble AB. Synthesis and formulation of self‐immolative
PEG
‐aryl azide block copolymers and click‐to‐release reactivity with
trans
‐cyclooctene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Dadhwal
- School of Pharmacy University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
- Department of Chemistry University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Arnold Lee
- School of Pharmacy University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | | | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sun J, Li J, Sun H, Li C, Wu H. Concise Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclobutene Analogues for Bioorthogonal Tetrazine Ligation. Molecules 2021; 26:E276. [PMID: 33429851 PMCID: PMC7827859 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel bioorthogonal tools enable the development of new biomedical applications. Here we report the concise synthesis of a series of aryl-functionalized cyclobutene analogues using commercially available starting materials. Our study demonstrates that cyclobutene acts as a small, strained dienophile to generate stable substrates suitable for bioorthogonal tetrazine ligation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Hongbao Sun
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Chunling Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Haoxing Wu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang 37, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.S.); (J.L.); (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|