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Ling QH, Lou ZC, Zhang L, Jin T, Dou WT, Yang HB, Xu L. Supramolecular cage-mediated cargo transport. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6042-6067. [PMID: 38770558 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01081c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A steady stream of material transport based on carriers and channels in living systems plays an extremely important role in normal life activities. Inspired by nature, researchers have extensively applied supramolecular cages in cargo transport because of their unique three-dimensional structures and excellent physicochemical properties. In this review, we will focus on the development of supramolecular cages as carriers and channels for cargo transport in abiotic and biological systems over the past fifteen years. In addition, we will discuss future challenges and potential applications of supramolecular cages in substance transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hui Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Zhen-Chen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tongxia Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Wei-Tao Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular and Process Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Wuhu Hospital Affiliated to East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Molecule Intelligent Syntheses, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200241, China.
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2
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Zhao JL, Yang ZY, Xu YQ, Cao ZY, Liu JX, Li MH. Series of Viologen-Based Metal-Organic Polyhedra with Photo/Electrochromic Behavior for Inkless Printing and UV Detection. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6692-6700. [PMID: 38573894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of molecular crystalline materials with fast, multistimuli-responsive behavior and the construction of the corresponding structure-activity relationship are of extraordinary significance for the development of smart materials. In this context, three multistimuli-responsive functional metal-organic polyhedra (MOP), {[Dy2(bcbp)3(NO3)1.5(H2O)7]·Cl4.2·(NO3)0.3·H2O}n (1), {[Dy2(bcbp)4(H2O)8]Cl6}n (2), and {[Eu2(bcbp)4(H2O)10]Cl6·H2O}n (3; bcbp = 1,1'-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4'-bipyridinium), were successfully prepared and characterized. All of the compounds exhibit rapid and reversible photochromic and electrochromic dual-responsive behaviors. Furthermore, benefiting from the well-defined crystal structure and different responsive behaviors, the photoinduced electron transfer (PIET) process and structure-activity relationship were explored. In addition, considering the excellent photochromic performance, function filter paper and smart organic glass were successfully prepared and used for ink-free printing and UV light detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Li Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zi-Yu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Zhong-Yan Cao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Jun-Xia Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Meng-Hua Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
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3
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Moree LK, Faulkner LAV, Crowley JD. Heterometallic cages: synthesis and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:25-46. [PMID: 38037385 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00690e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
High symmetry metallosupramolecular architectures (MSAs) have been exploited for a range of applications including molecular recognition, catalysis and drug delivery. Recently there have been increasing efforts to enhance those applications by generating reduced symmetry MSAs. While there are several emerging methods for generating lower symmetry MSAs, this tutorial review examines the general methods used for synthesizing heterometallic MSAs with a particular focus on heterometallic cages. Additionally, the intrinsic properties of the cages and their potential emerging applications as host-guest systems and reaction catalysts are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lana K Moree
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Logan A V Faulkner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
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4
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Molinska P, Tarzia A, Male L, Jelfs KE, Lewis JEM. Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of Low-Symmetry Pd n L 2n Nanocages through Coordination-Sphere Engineering. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202315451. [PMID: 37888946 PMCID: PMC10952360 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic cages (MOCs) are popular host architectures assembled from ligands and metal ions/nodes. Assembling structurally complex, low-symmetry MOCs with anisotropic cavities can be limited by the formation of statistical isomer libraries. We set out to investigate the use of primary coordination-sphere engineering (CSE) to bias isomer selectivity within homo- and heteroleptic Pdn L2n cages. Unexpected differences in selectivities between alternative donor groups led us to recognise the significant impact of the second coordination sphere on isomer stabilities. From this, molecular-level insight into the origins of selectivity between cis and trans diastereoisomers was gained, highlighting the importance of both host-guest and host-solvent interactions, in addition to ligand design. This detailed understanding allows precision engineering of low-symmetry MOC assemblies without wholesale redesign of the ligand framework, and fundamentally provides a theoretical scaffold for the development of stimuli-responsive, shape-shifting MOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Molinska
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham EdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi 2410129TorinoItaly
| | - Louise Male
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham EdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Kim E. Jelfs
- Department of ChemistryImperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub White City CampusWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - James E. M. Lewis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Birmingham EdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
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5
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Harada K, Sekiya R, Haino T. Molecular Recognition Process in Resorcinarene-based Coordination Capsules. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302581. [PMID: 37707311 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Cu and Ag capsules can take up various organic molecules. Their molecular recognition possibly involves partial dissociation and slippage. We investigated molecular recognition processes in the Cu and Ag capsules by CD and 1 H NMR spectroscopy and employed 4,4'-diacetoxy biphenyl carrying two benzothiadiazole groups as a probe. CD and 1 H NMR measurements reveal that the host-guest complexation proceeds under second-order reactions and that these capsules undergo the partial dissociation to take up the probe in [D1 ]chloroform and [D8 ]THF. The slippage also contributes to host-guest complexation for a Cu capsule that carries p-methoxyphenyl groups on the 2,2'-bipyridiyl arms. DFT calculations suggest that π/π stacking interactions between the electron-rich p-methoxyphenyl group and the electron-poor 2,2'-bipyridyl arm elongate the capsule, allowing the guest to access the cavity without the partial dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Ryo Sekiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
| | - Takeharu Haino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8526, Japan
- International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (WPI-SKCM2), Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8527, Japan
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6
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Chakraborty D, Ali S, Choudhury P, Hickey N, Mukherjee PS. Cavity-Shape-Dependent Divergent Chemical Reaction inside Aqueous Pd 6L 4 Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38019887 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Chemical reactions inside the confined pockets of enzyme-mimicking hosts, such as cages and macrocycles, have been an emerging field of interest over the past decade. Although many such reactions are known, the use of such cages toward the divergent synthesis of nonisomeric products has not been well explored. Divergent synthesis is a technique of forming two or more distinct products from the same reagents by changing the catalyst or reaction conditions. Changing the shape of the cage can also change the nature and magnitude of the host-guest interactions. Thus, is it possible for such changes to cause differences in the reaction pathways leading to formation of nonisomeric products? Herein, we report a divergent chemical transformation of anthrone [anthracen-9(10H)-one] inside different water-soluble M6L4 cages. When anthrone was encapsulated inside a newly synthesized M6L4 octahedral cage 1, it dimerized to form dianthrone [9,9'-bianthracen-10,10'(9H,9'H)-dione]. In contrast, when the same chemical reaction was performed inside a M6L4 double-square shaped cage 2, it was oxidized to form anthraquinone [anthracene-9,10-dione]. Similar results were obtained with a different set of isomeric aqueous Pd6 cages 3a (octahedral cage) and 3b (double-square cage), indicating the dependence of the shape of cavity on the divergent synthesis. The present report demonstrates a unique example of different outcomes/results of a reaction depending on the shape of the molecular container, which was driven by the host-guest interactions and the preorganization of the substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debsena Chakraborty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Shamsad Ali
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Pritam Choudhury
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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7
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Xu M, Jing X, Sun B, He C, Reek JNH, Duan C. Urea-Functionalized Fe 4 L 6 Cages for Supramolecular Gold Catalyst Encapsulation to Control Substrate Activation Modes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310420. [PMID: 37661189 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The excellent catalytic performances of enzymes in terms of activity and selectivity are an inspiration for synthetic chemists and this has resulted in the development of synthetic containers for supramolecular catalysis. In such containers the local environment and pre-organization of catalysts and substrates leads to control of the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. Herein we report a supramolecular strategy to encapsulate single catalysts in a urea-functionalized Fe4 L6 cage, which can co-encapsulate a functionalized urea substrate through hydrogen bonding. Distinguished selectivity is obtained, imposed by the cage as site isolation only allows catalysis through π activation of the substrate and as a result the selectivity is independent of catalyst concentration. The encapsulated catalyst is more active than the free analogue, an effect that can be ascribed to transitionstate stabilization rather than substrate pre-organization, as revealed by the MM kinetic data. The simple strategy reported here is expected to be of general use in many reactions, for which the catalyst can be functionalized with a sulfonate group required for encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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8
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Bobylev EO, Passerini L, de Zwart FJ, Poole DA, Mathew S, Huber M, de Bruin B, Reek JNH. Pd 12M nL 24 (for n = 6, 8, 12) nanospheres by post-assembly modification of Pd 12L 24 spheres. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11840-11849. [PMID: 37920352 PMCID: PMC10619623 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03745b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we describe a post-assembly modification approach to selectively coordinate transition metals in Pd12L24 cuboctahedra. The herein reported approach involves the preparation of Pd12L24 nanospheres with protonated nitrogen donor ligands that are covalently linked at the interior. The so obtained Pd12(LH+)24 nanospheres are shown to be suitable for coordinative post-modification after deprotection by deprotonation. Selective formation of tetra-coordinated MB in Pd12MB6L24, tri-coordinated MB in Pd12MB8L24 nanospheres and two-coordinated MB in Pd12MB12L24 nanospheres is achieved as a result of different nitrogen donor ligands. A combination of pulsed EPR spectroscopy (DEER) to measure Cu-Cu distances in the different spheres, NMR studies and computational investigations, support the presence of the complexes at precise locations of the Pd12MB6L24 nanosphere. The general post-assembly modification methodology can be extended using other transition metal precursors or supramolecular systems and can guide precise formation and investigation of novel transition metal-complex containing nanospheres with well-defined composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard O Bobylev
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Passerini
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 2333 CA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Felix J de Zwart
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - David A Poole
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martina Huber
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 2333 CA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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9
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Dey S, Patel A, Haloi N, Srimayee S, Paul S, Barik GK, Akhtar N, Shaw D, Hazarika G, Prusty BM, Kumar M, Santra MK, Tajkhorshid E, Bhattacharjee S, Manna D. Quinoline Thiourea-Based Zinc Ionophores with Antibacterial Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11078-11093. [PMID: 37466499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The increasing resistance of bacteria to commercially available antibiotics threatens patient safety in healthcare settings. Perturbation of ion homeostasis has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy to fight against antibacterial resistance and other channelopathies. This study reports the development of 8-aminoquinoline (QN) derivatives and their transmembrane Zn2+ transport activities. Our findings showed that a potent QN-based Zn2+ transporter exhibits promising antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria with reduced hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity to mammalian cells. Furthermore, this combination showed excellent in vivo efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. Interestingly, this combination prevented bacterial resistance and restored susceptibility of gentamicin and methicillin-resistant S. aureus to commercially available β-lactam and other antibiotics that had lost their activity against the drug-resistant bacterial strain. Our findings suggest that the transmembrane transport of Zn2+ by QN derivatives could be a promising strategy to combat bacterial infections and restore the activity of other antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Anjali Patel
- Centre for Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Nandan Haloi
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Soumya Srimayee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Suman Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India
| | | | - Nasim Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dipanjan Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Gunanka Hazarika
- Centre for Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Biswa Mohan Prusty
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | | | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura 799022, India
| | - Debasis Manna
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
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10
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Liu HK, Ronson TK, Wu K, Luo D, Nitschke JR. Anionic Templates Drive Conversion between a Zn II9L 6 Tricapped Trigonal Prism and Zn II6L 4 Pseudo-Octahedra. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37440669 PMCID: PMC10375523 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This work introduces the use of 8-aminoquinoline subcomponents to generate complex three-dimensional structures. Together with a tris(formylpyridine), 8-aminoquinoline condensed around ZnII templates to produce a tris(tridentate) ligand. This ligand is incorporated into either a tricapped trigonal prismatic ZnII9L6 structure or a pair of pseudo-octahedral ZnII6L4 diastereomers, with S4 and D2 symmetries. Introduction of a methyl group onto the aminoquinoline modulated the coordination sphere of ZnII, which favored the ZnII9L6 structure and disfavored the ZnII6L4 assembly. The tricapped trigonal prismatic ZnII9L6 architecture converted into a single ZnII6L4 cage diastereomer following the addition of a dianionic 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate guest. Four of these guests clustered tightly at the four windows of the ZnII6L4 cage, held in place through electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding, stabilize a single diastereomeric configuration with S4 symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Kui Liu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Kai Wu
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Dong Luo
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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11
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Ge YY, Zhou XC, Zheng J, Luo J, Lai YL, Su J, Zhang HJ, Zhou XP, Li D. Self-Assembly of Two Tubular Metalloligand-Based Palladium-Organic Cages as Hosts for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:4048-4053. [PMID: 36847302 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report two tubular metal-organic cages (MOCs), synthesized by the self-assembly of bidentate metalloligands with different lengths and PdII. These two MOCs feature Pd4L8-type square tubular and Pd3L6-type triangular cage structures, respectively. Both MOCs have been fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and theoretical calculation. Both cages can be employed for encapsulating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and show high binding affinity toward coronene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Ge
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Chao Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jie Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Liang Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Juan Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
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12
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Su R, Huang Z. A Series of Singlet‐Triplet InVerted TADF Fluorescent Probes with High Stability, Low Molecular Weight, and Synthesis Accessibility. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongchuan Su
- Department of Pharmacology North Sichuan Medical College Nanchong 637100 China
| | - Zhenmei Huang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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13
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Design of lanthanide based metal–organic polyhedral cages for application in catalysis, sensing, separation and magnetism. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Complementarity and Preorganisation in the Assembly of Heterometallic–Organic Cages via the Metalloligand Approach—Recent Advances. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of new metallocage polyhedra towards pre-determined structures can offer both practical as well as intellectual challenges. In this mini-review we discuss a selection of recent examples in which the use of the metalloligand approach has been employed to overcome such challenges. An attractive feature of this approach is its stepwise nature that lends itself to the design and rational synthesis of heterometallic metal–organic cages, with the latter often associated with enhanced functionality.
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15
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Kim S, Lee DH, Park KM, Jung JH, Lee SS, Park IH. Unexpected Solvent-Dependent Self-Assembly of Alkali Metal Complexes of Calix[6]- mono-crown-4: Dinuclear Bowls, a Pseudo-Capsule, and a One-Dimensional Polymer. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18213-18220. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seulgi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Dong Hee Lee
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Ki-Min Park
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Jong Hwa Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Shim Sung Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - In-Hyeok Park
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology (GRAST), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
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16
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Guo F, Li DF, Gao F, Xu K, Zhang J, Yi XG, Li DP, Li YX. Highly Stable Europium(III) Tetrahedral (Eu 4L 4)(phen) 4 Cage: Structure, Luminescence Properties, and Cellular Imaging. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:17089-17100. [PMID: 36240513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent lanthanide cages have many potential applications in guest recognition, sensing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bioimaging. However, these polynuclear lanthanide assemblies' poor stability, dispersity, and luminescence properties have significantly constrained their practical applications. Furthermore, it is still a huge challenge to simultaneously synthesize and design lanthanide organic polyhedra with high stability and quantum yield. Herein, we demonstrate a simple and robust strategy to improve the rigidity, chemical stability, and luminescence of an Eu(III) tetrahedral cage by introducing the conjugated planar auxiliary phen ligand. The self-assembled tetrahedral cage, (Eu4L4)(phen)4 [L = (4,4',4″-tris(4,4,4-trifluoro-1,3-dioxobutyl)-triphenylamine), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline], exhibited characteristic luminescence of Eu3+ ions with high quantum yield (41%) and long lifetime (131 μs) in toluene (1.0 × 10-6 M). Moreover, the Eu(III) cage was stable in water and even in an aqueous solution with a pH range of 1-14. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cellular imaging revealed that the Pluronic F127-coated hybrid material, (Eu4L4)(phen)4@F127, exhibited low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility, and cellular imaging ability, which may inspire more insights into the development of lanthanide organic polyhedra (LOPs) for potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang330031, China
| | - Duo-Fu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang330031, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang330031, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang330006, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecule Design and Interface Process, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei230601, China
| | - Xiu-Guang Yi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Jian343009, China
| | - Dong-Ping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang330031, China
| | - Yong-Xiu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang330031, China
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17
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Gao Y, Zhao J, Huang Z, Ronson TK, Zhao F, Wang Y, Li B, Feng C, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Yang D, Yang X, Wu B. Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Adhesive and Conductive Gels with Anion‐Coordinated Triple Helicate Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201793. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 China
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Chenlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yongliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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18
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McTernan CT, Davies JA, Nitschke JR. Beyond Platonic: How to Build Metal-Organic Polyhedra Capable of Binding Low-Symmetry, Information-Rich Molecular Cargoes. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10393-10437. [PMID: 35436092 PMCID: PMC9185692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
field of metallosupramolecular chemistry has advanced rapidly
in recent years. Much work in this area has focused on the formation
of hollow self-assembled metal-organic architectures and exploration
of the applications of their confined nanospaces. These discrete,
soluble structures incorporate metal ions as ‘glue’
to link organic ligands together into polyhedra.Most of the architectures
employed thus far have been highly symmetrical, as these have been
the easiest to prepare. Such high-symmetry structures contain pseudospherical
cavities, and so typically bind roughly spherical guests. Biomolecules
and high-value synthetic compounds are rarely isotropic, highly-symmetrical
species. To bind, sense, separate, and transform such substrates,
new, lower-symmetry, metal-organic cages are needed. Herein we summarize
recent approaches, which taken together form the first draft of a
handbook for the design of higher-complexity, lower-symmetry, self-assembled
metal-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie T McTernan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jack A Davies
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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19
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Gao Y, Zhao J, Huang Z, Ronson TK, Zhao F, Wang Y, Li B, Feng C, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Yang D, Yang X, Wu B. Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Adhesive and Conductive Gels with Anion‐Coordinated Triple Helicate Junctions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an 710055 China
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Fen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Chenlu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - You Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yongliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xiao‐Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
| | - Biao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Materials Science Northwest University Xi'an 710069 China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China
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20
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Hu SJ, Guo XQ, Zhou LP, Yan DN, Cheng PM, Cai LX, Li XZ, Sun QF. Guest-Driven Self-Assembly and Chiral Induction of Photofunctional Lanthanide Tetrahedral Cages. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4244-4253. [PMID: 35195993 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chiral luminescent lanthanide-organic cages have many potential applications in enantioselective recognition, sensing, and asymmetric catalysis. However, due to the paucity of structures and their limited cavities, host-guest chemistry with lanthanide-organic cages has remained elusive so far. Herein, we report a guest-driven self-assembly and chiral induction approach for the construction of otherwise inaccessible Ln4L4-type (Ln = lanthanide ions, i.e., EuIII, TbIII; L = ligand) tetrahedral hosts. Single crystal analyses on a series of host-guest complexes reveal remarkable guest-adaptive cavity breathing on the tetrahedral cages, reflecting the advantage of the variation tolerance on coordination geometry of the f-elements. Meanwhile, noncovalent confinement of pyrene within the lanthanide cage not only leads to diminishment of its excimer emission but also facilitates guest to host energy transfer, opening up a new sensitization window for the lanthanide luminescence on the cage. Moreover, stereoselective self-assembly of either Λ4- or Δ4- type Eu4L4 cages has been realized via chiral induction with R/S-BINOL or R/S-SPOL templates, as confirmed by NMR, circular dichroism (CD), and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with high dissymmetry factors (glum) up to ±0.125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Li-Peng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Ni Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Ming Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Li-Xuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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21
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Zhou S, Zhang Z, Bai D, Li J, Cui X, Xu ZJ, Tang Y, Tang X, Liu W. A Discrete 3d-4f Metallacage as an Efficient Catalytic Nanoreactor for a Three-Component Aza-Darzens Reaction. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4009-4017. [PMID: 35188386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The exploration and development of coordination nanocages can provide an approach to control chemical reactions beyond the bounds of the flask, which has aroused great interest due to their significant applications in the field of molecular recognition, supramolecular catalysis, and molecular self-assembly. Herein, we take the advantage of a semirigid and nonsymmetric bridging ligand (H5L) with rich metal-chelating sites to construct an unusual and discrete 3d-4f metallacage, [Zn2Er4(H2L)4(NO3)Cl2(H2O)]·NO3·xCH3OH·yH2O (Zn2Er4). The 3d-4f Zn2Er4 cage possesses a quadruple-stranded structure, and all of the ligands wrap around an open spherical cavity within the core. The self-assembly of the unique cage not only ensures the structural stability of the Zn2Er4 cage as a nanoreactor in solution but also makes the bimetallic lanthanide cluster units active sites that are exposed in the medium-sized cavity. It is important to note that the Zn2Er4 cage as a homogeneous catalyst has been successfully applied to catalyze three-component aza-Darzens reactions of formaldehyde, anilines, and α-diazo esters without another additive under mild conditions, displaying better catalytic activity, higher specificity, short reaction time, and low catalyst loadings. A possible mechanism for this three-component aza-Darzens reaction catalyzed by the Zn2Er4 cage has been proposed. These experimental results have demonstrated the great potential of the discrete 3d-4f metallacage as a host nanoreactor for the development of supramolecular or molecular catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongjie Bai
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cui
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichuan J Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weisheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province and State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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22
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Abstract
Metal-containing polymers, or metallopolymers, have diverse applications in the fields of sensors, catalysis, information storage, optoelectronics, and neuromorphic computing, among other areas. The approach of metal-templated subcomponent self-assembly using dynamic covalent linkages allows complex architectures to be formed with relative synthetic ease. The dynamic nature of the linkages between subunits in these systems facilitates error checking during the assembly process and also provides a route to disassemble the structure, rendering these materials recyclable. This Account summarizes a class of double-helical metallopolymers. These metallopolymers are formed via subcomponent self-assembly and consist of two conjugated helical strands wrapping a linear array of CuI centers. Starting from discrete model helicates, we discuss how, through the judicious design of subcomponents, long helical metallopolymers can be obtained and detail their subsequent assembly into nanometer-scale aggregates. Two approaches to generate these helical metallopolymers are compared. We describe methods to govern (i) the length of the metallopolymers, (ii) the relative orientations (head-to-head vs head-to-tail) of the two organic strands, and (iii) the screw-sense of the double helix. Achieving structural control allowed the growth behavior of these systems to be probed. The structure influenced properties in ways that are relevant to specific applications; for example, the length of the metallopolymer determines the color of the light it emits in solution. In the solid state, the ionic nature of these helices renders them useful as both emitters and ionic additives in light-emitting electrochemical cells. Moreover, recent experimental work has clarified the role of the linear array of Cu ions in the transport of charge through these materials. The conductivity displayed by a film of metallopolymer depends upon its history of applied voltage and current, behavior characteristic of a memristor. In addition to the prospective applications already identified, others may be on the horizon, potentially combing stimuli-responsive electronic behavior with the chirality of the helical twist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake L. Greenfield
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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23
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Li K, Wu K, Lu Y, Guo J, Hu P, Su C. Creating Dynamic Nanospaces in Solution by Cationic Cages as Multirole Catalytic Platform for Unconventional C(sp)−H Activation Beyond Enzyme Mimics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Chemistry South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yu‐Lin Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jing Guo
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Peng Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Cheng‐Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry Lehn Institute of Functional Materials School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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24
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Chakraborty D, Saha R, Clegg JK, Mukherjee PS. Selective separation of planar and non-planar hydrocarbons using an aqueous Pd 6 interlocked cage. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11764-11771. [PMID: 36320911 PMCID: PMC9580621 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04660a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) find multiple applications ranging from fabric dyes to optoelectronic materials. Hydrogenation of PAHs is often employed for their purification or derivatization. However, separation of PAHs from their hydrogenated analogues is challenging because of their similar physical properties. An example of such is the separation of 9,10-dihydroanthracene from phenanthrene/anthracene which requires fractional distillation at high temperature (∼340 °C) to obtain pure anthracene/phenanthrene in coal industry. Herein we demonstrate a new approach for this separation at room temperature using a water-soluble interlocked cage (1) as extracting agent by host–guest chemistry. The cage was obtained by self-assembly of a triimidazole donor L·HNO3 with cis-[(tmeda)Pd(NO3)2] (M) [tmeda = N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethane-1,2-diamine]. 1 has a triply interlocked structure with an inner cavity capable of selectively binding planar aromatic guests. We report here a triply interlocked cage with the ability to encapsulate planar guests in aqueous medium. This property was then employed to efficiently separate planar and non-planar aromatic hydrocarbons by aqueous extraction.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Debsena Chakraborty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Rupak Saha
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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25
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Liu S, Gil Y, Zhao C, Wu J, Zhu Z, Li XL, Aravena D, Tang J. A conjugated Schiff-base macrocycle weakens the transverse crystal field of air-stable dysprosium single-molecule magnets. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01565j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The dominance of a self-condensed conjugated macrocycle over a [2 + 2] conventional macrocycle in weakening the transverse crystal field and boosting axiality provides a new route to construct high-performance air-stable lanthanide SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yolimar Gil
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jinjiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Daniel Aravena
- Departamento de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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26
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Li K, Wu K, Lu YL, Guo J, Hu P, Su CY. Creating Dynamic Nanospaces in Solution by Cationic Cages as Multirole Catalytic Platform for Unconventional C(sp)-H Activation Beyond Enzyme Mimics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114070. [PMID: 34779551 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein we demonstrate that, based on the creation of dynamic nanospaces in solution by highly charged positive coordination cage of [Pd6 (RuL3 )8 ]28+ , multirole and multi-way cage-confined catalysis is accomplishable for versatile functions and anomalous reactivities with the aid of the biomimetic cage effect. The high cationic-host charges drive partial deprotonation of 24 imidazole-NHs on cage sphere alike imidazole-residuals in proteins, generating amphoteric heterogeneity in solution to enforce effective cavity-basicity against solution-acidity. Synergistic actions arisen from cage hydrophobicity, host-guest electrostatic interactions and imidazole-N coordination facilitate C(sp)-H activation and carbanionic intermediate stabilization of terminal alkynes to achieve unusual H/D-exchange and Glaser coupling under acidic conditions, and enable phase transfers of water-insoluble substrates/products/co-catalysts to make immiscible-phase and bi-phase catalysis feasible, thus providing a useful catalytic protocol to combine merits from homogeneous, heterogeneous, enzymatic and phase transfer catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yu-Lin Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Jing Guo
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Peng Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Cheng-Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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27
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Mansoor IF, Dutton KG, Rothschild DA, Remsing RC, Lipke MC. Uptake, Trapping, and Release of Organometallic Cations by Redox-Active Cationic Hosts. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16993-17003. [PMID: 34596386 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The host-guest chemistry of metal-organic nanocages is typically driven by thermodynamically favorable interactions with their guests such that uptake and release of guests can be controlled by switching this affinity on or off. Herein, we achieve this effect by reducing porphyrin-walled cationic nanoprisms 1a12+ and 1b12+ to zwitterionic states that rapidly uptake organometallic cations Cp*2Co+ and Cp2Co+, respectively. Cp*2Co+ binds strongly (Ka = 1.3 × 103 M-1) in the neutral state 1a0 of host 1a12+, which has its three porphyrin walls doubly reduced and its six (bipy)Pt2+ linkers singly reduced (bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine). The less-reduced states of the host 1a3+ and 1a9+ also bind Cp*2Co+, though with lower affinities. The smaller Cp2Co+ cation binds strongly (Ka = 1.7 × 103 M-1) in the 3e- reduced state 1b9+ of the (tmeda)Pt2+-linked host 1b12+ (tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine). Upon reoxidation of the hosts with Ag+, the guests become trapped to provide unprecedented metastable cation-in-cation complexes Cp*2Co+@1a12+ and Cp2Co+@1b12+ that persist for >1 month. Thus, dramatic kinetic effects reveal a way to confine the guests in thermodynamically unfavorable environments. Experimental and DFT studies indicate that PF6- anions kinetically stabilize Cp*2Co+@1a12+ through electrostatic interactions and by influencing conformational changes of the host that open and close its apertures. However, when Cp*2Co+@1a12+ was prepared using ferrocenium (Fc+) instead of Ag+ to reoxidize the host, dissociation was accelerated >200× even though neither Fc+ nor Fc have any observable affinity for 1a12+. This finding shows that metastable host-guest complexes can respond to subtler stimuli than those required to induce guest release from thermodynamically favorable complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram F Mansoor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Kaitlyn G Dutton
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Daniel A Rothschild
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Richard C Remsing
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Mark C Lipke
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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28
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Bobylev E, de Bruin B, Reek JNH. Catalytic Formation of Coordination-Based Self-Assemblies by Halide Impurities. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:12498-12505. [PMID: 34327986 PMCID: PMC8397307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of metal organic polyhedra (MOP) play a crucial role for their application in catalysis and host-guest chemistry and as functional materials. In this contribution, we study the influence of possible contaminations of different metal precursors on the kinetic properties of MOP. Exemplary five different MOP are studied with metal precursors of varying quality. The metal precursors are either obtained from commercial sources or prepared by various literature procedures. Studies into the self-assembly process using 1H NMR and MS analyses were performed on Pt2L4, Pd2L4, Pd6L12, Pd12L24, and Ni4L6 assemblies. Commonly found impurities are shown to play a prominent role guiding selective formation of MOP, as they allow for an escape from otherwise kinetically trapped intermediates. The energy requirement for selective sphere formation is significantly lowered in many examples providing evidence for a catalytic role of halide impurities/additives in the self-assembly process. Furthermore, even though most analytical features such as 1H NMR and MS analyses show identical results for assemblies with different types of metal precursors, the dynamics of formed assemblies differs significantly if slightly less pure starting materials are used. Tiny amounts of halide contaminations make the MOP more dynamic, which can play an important role for substrate diffusion especially if bulky substrates are used. We believe that this study on the influence of impurities (which were shown to be present in some commercial sources) on the kinetic properties of MOP together with procedures of obtaining high purity metal precursors provides important information for future material preparation and provides a better understanding of already known examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard.
O. Bobylev
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular
Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Chen Y, Wu G, Chen B, Qu H, Jiao T, Li Y, Ge C, Zhang C, Liang L, Zeng X, Cao X, Wang Q, Li H. Self‐Assembly of a Purely Covalent Cage with Homochirality by Imine Formation in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Yintao Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Chenqi Ge
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Lixin Liang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xiuqiong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215 China
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30
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Chen Y, Wu G, Chen B, Qu H, Jiao T, Li Y, Ge C, Zhang C, Liang L, Zeng X, Cao X, Wang Q, Li H. Self-Assembly of a Purely Covalent Cage with Homochirality by Imine Formation in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18815-18820. [PMID: 34129262 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of host molecules in aqueous media via metal-ligand coordination is well developed. However, the preparation of purely covalent counterparts in water has remained a formidable task. An anionic tetrahedron cage was successfully self-assembled in a [4+4] manner by condensing a trisamine and a trisformyl in water. Even although each individual imine bond is rather labile and apt to hydrolyze in water, the tetrahedron is remarkably stable or inert due to multivalence. The tetrahedral cages, as well as its neutral counterparts dissolved in organic solvent, have homochirality, namely that their four propeller-shaped trisformyl residues adopt the same rotational conformation. The cage is able to take advantage of hydrophobic effect to accommodate a variety of guest molecules in water. When a chiral guest was recognized, the formation of one enantiomer of the cage became more favored relative to the other. As a consequence, the cage could be produced in an enantioselective manner. The tetrahedron is able to maintain its chirality after removal of the chiral guest-probably on account of the cooperative occurrence of intramolecular forces that restrict the intramolecular flipping of phenyl units in the cage framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Guangcheng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Binbin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Tianyu Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yintao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chenqi Ge
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Lixin Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiuqiong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, 311215, China
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31
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Molecular Cage Promoted Aerobic Oxidation or Photo-Induced Rearrangement of Spiroepoxy Naphthalenone. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report a Pd4L2-type molecular cage (1) and catalyzed reactions of spiroepoxy naphthalenone (2) in water, where selective formation of 2-(hydroxymethyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione (3) via aerobic oxidation, or 1-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde (4) via photo-induced rearrangement under N2 have been accomplished. Encapsulation of four molecules of guest 2 within cage 1, i.e., (2)4⊂1, has been confirmed by NMR, and a final host-guest complex of 3⊂1 has also been determined by single crystal X-Ray diffraction study. While the photo-induced ring-opening isomerization from 2 to 4 are known, appearance of charge-transfer absorption on the host-guest complex of (2)4⊂1 allows low-power blue LEDs irradiation to promote this process.
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32
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Abstract
Although many impressive metallo-supramolecular architectures have been reported, they tend towards high symmetry structures and avoid extraneous functionality to ensure high fidelity in the self-assembly process. This minimalist approach, however, limits the range of accessible structures and thus their potential applications. Herein is described the synthesis of a family of ditopic ligands wherein the ligand scaffolds are both low symmetry and incorporate exohedral functional moieties. Key to this design is the use of CuI -catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry, as the triazole is capable of acting as both a coordinating heterocycle and a tether between the ligand framework and functional unit simultaneously. A common precursor was used to generate ligands with various functionalities, allowing control of electronic properties whilst maintaining the core structure of the resultant cis-Pd2 L4 nanocage assemblies. The isostructural nature of the scaffold frameworks enabled formation of combinatorial libraries from the self-assembly of ligand mixtures, generating a statistical mixture of multi-functional, low symmetry architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. M. Lewis
- Department of ChemistryImperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research Hub, 82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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33
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Moutier F, Schiller J, Calvez G, Lescop C. Self-assembled luminescent Cu( i) tetranuclear metallacycles based on 3,3′-bipyridine ligands. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Three luminescent tetranuclear macrocycles are obtained selectively, applying coordination-driven supramolecular processes to the reaction of 3,3′-bipyridine ligand with in situ formed Cu(i) bimetallic units bearing a coordination angle of ca. 120°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Moutier
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Jana Schiller
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Guillaume Calvez
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
| | - Christophe Lescop
- Univ Rennes
- INSA Rennes
- CNRS
- ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) – UMR 6226
- F-35000 Rennes
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