1
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Lei B, Cao F, Chen M, Wang X, Mo Z. Bisgermylene-Stabilized Stannylone: Catalytic Reduction of Nitrous Oxide and Nitro Compounds via Element-Ligand Cooperativity. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17817-17826. [PMID: 38780163 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis, structural characterization, and catalytic application of a bis(germylene)-stabilized stannylone (2). The reduction of digermylated stannylene (1) with 2.2 equiv of potassium graphite (KC8) leads to the formation of stannylone 2 as a green solid in 78% yield. Computational studies showed that stannylone 2 possesses a formal Sn(0) center and a delocalized 3-c-2-e π-bond in the Ge2Sn core, which arises from back-donation of the p-type lone pair electrons on the Sn atom to the vacant orbitals of the Ge atoms. Stannylone 2 can serve as an efficient precatalyst for the selective reduction of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitroarenes (ArNO2) with the formation of dinitrogen (N2) and hydrazines (ArNH-NHAr), respectively. Exposure of 2 with N2O (1 atm) resulted in the insertion of two oxygen atoms into the Ge-Ge and Ge-Sn bonds, yielding the germyl(oxyl)stannylene (3). Moreover, the stoichiometric reaction of 2 with 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene afforded an amido(oxyl)stannylene (4) through the complete scission of the N-O bonds of the nitroarene. Stannylenes 3 and 4 serve as catalytically active species for the catalytic reduction of nitrous oxide and nitroarenes, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal that the cooperation of the low-valent Ge and Sn centers allows for multiple electron transfers to cleave the N-O bonds of N2O and ArNO2. This approach presents a new strategy for catalyzing the deoxygenation of N2O and ArNO2 using a zerovalent tin compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Lei
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Fanshu Cao
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xuyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Liang Y, Efremenko I, Diskin-Posner Y, Avram L, Milstein D. Calcium-Ligand Cooperation Promoted Activation of N 2O, Amine, and H 2 as well as Catalytic Hydrogenation of Imines, Quinoline, and Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401702. [PMID: 38533687 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Bond activation and catalysis using s-block metals are of great significance. Herein, a series of calcium pincer complexes with deprotonated side arms have been prepared using pyridine-based PNP and PNN ligands. The complexes were characterized by NMR and X-ray crystal diffraction. Utilizing the obtained calcium complexes, unprecedented N2O activation by metal-ligand cooperation (MLC) involving dearomatization-aromatization of the pyridine ligand was achieved, generating aromatized calcium diazotate complexes as products. Additionally, the dearomatized calcium complexes were able to activate the N-H bond as well as reversibly activate H2, offering an opportunity for the catalytic hydrogenation of various unsaturated molecules. DFT calculations were applied to analyze the electronic structures of the synthesized complexes and explore possible reaction mechanisms. This study is an important complement to the area of MLC and main-group metal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyu Liang
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Irena Efremenko
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Yael Diskin-Posner
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Liat Avram
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - David Milstein
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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3
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Kim SG, Kim D, Oh J, Son YJ, Jeong S, Kim J, Hwang SJ. Phosphorus-Ligand Redox Cooperative Catalysis: Unraveling Four-Electron Dioxygen Reduction Pathways and Reactive Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38597246 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The reduction of dioxygen to water is crucial in biology and energy technologies, but it is challenging due to the inertness of triplet oxygen and complex mechanisms. Nature leverages high-spin transition metal complexes for this, whereas main-group compounds with their singlet state and limited redox capabilities exhibit subdued reactivity. We present a novel phosphorus complex capable of four-electron dioxygen reduction, facilitated by unique phosphorus-ligand redox cooperativity. Spectroscopic and computational investigations attribute this cooperative reactivity to the unique electronic structure arising from the geometry of the phosphorus complex bestowed by the ligand. Mechanistic study via spectroscopic and kinetic experiments revealed the involvement of elusive phosphorus intermediates resembling those in metalloenzymes. Our result highlights the multielectron reactivity of phosphorus compound emerging from a carefully designed ligand platform with redox cooperativity. We anticipate that the work described expands the strategies in developing main-group catalytic reactions, especially in small molecule fixations demanding multielectron redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Gyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinrok Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Son
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I-CREATE), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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4
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Xu J, Pan S, Yao S, Lorent C, Teutloff C, Zhang Z, Fan J, Molino A, Krause KB, Schmidt J, Bittl R, Limberg C, Zhao L, Frenking G, Driess M. Stabilizing Monoatomic Two-Coordinate Bismuth(I) and Bismuth(II) Using a Redox Noninnocent Bis(germylene) Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6025-6036. [PMID: 38408197 PMCID: PMC10921399 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The formation of isolable monatomic BiI complexes and BiII radical species is challenging due to the pronounced reducing nature of metallic bismuth. Here, we report a convenient strategy to tame BiI and BiII atoms by taking advantage of the redox noninnocent character of a new chelating bis(germylene) ligand. The remarkably stable novel BiI cation complex 4, supported by the new bis(iminophosphonamido-germylene)xanthene ligand [(P)GeII(Xant)GeII(P)] 1, [(P)GeII(Xant)GeII(P) = Ph2P(NtBu)2GeII(Xant)GeII(NtBu)2PPh2, Xant = 9,9-dimethyl-xanthene-4,5-diyl], was synthesized by a two-electron reduction of the cationic BiIIII2 precursor complex 3 with cobaltocene (Cp2Co) in a molar ratio of 1:2. Notably, owing to the redox noninnocent character of the germylene moieties, the positive charge of BiI cation 4 migrates to one of the Ge atoms in the bis(germylene) ligand, giving rise to a germylium(germylene) BiI complex as suggested by DFT calculations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Likewise, migration of the positive charge of the BiIIII2 cation of 3 results in a bis(germylium)BiIIII2 complex. The delocalization of the positive charge in the ligand engenders a much higher stability of the BiI cation 4 in comparison to an isoelectronic two-coordinate Pb0 analogue (plumbylone; decomposition below -30 °C). Interestingly, 4[BArF] undergoes a reversible single-electron transfer (SET) reaction (oxidation) to afford the isolable BiII radical complex 5 in 5[BArF]2. According to electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, the unpaired electron predominantly resides at the BiII atom. Extending the redox reactivity of 4[OTf] employing AgOTf and MeOTf affords BiIII(OTf)2 complex 7 and BiIIIMe complex 8, respectively, demonstrating the high nucleophilic character of BiI cation 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Metalorganic
and Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sudip Pan
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Shenglai Yao
- Metalorganic
and Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Lorent
- Physical
and Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Zhaoyin Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Metalorganic
and Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew Molino
- Department
of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086 Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Johannes Schmidt
- Functional
Materials, Department of Chemistry, Technische
Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Bittl
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut
für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität
zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lili Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Gernot Frenking
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
- Fachbereich
Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Metalorganic
and Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Mato M, Cornella J. Bismuth in Radical Chemistry and Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315046. [PMID: 37988225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Whereas indications of radical reactivity in bismuth compounds can be traced back to the 19th century, the preparation and characterization of both transient and persistent bismuth-radical species has only been established in recent decades. These advancements led to the emergence of the field of bismuth radical chemistry, mirroring the progress seen for other main-group elements. The seminal and fundamental studies in this area have ultimately paved the way for the development of catalytic methodologies involving bismuth-radical intermediates, a promising approach that remains largely untapped in the broad landscape of synthetic organic chemistry. In this review, we delve into the milestones that eventually led to the present state-of-the-art in the field of radical bismuth chemistry. Our focus aims at outlining the intrinsic discoveries in fundamental inorganic/organometallic chemistry and contextualizing their practical applications in organic synthesis and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Mato
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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6
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Bermejo J, Ortega-Lepe I, Santos LL, Rendón N, López-Serrano J, Álvarez E, Suárez A. Nitrous oxide activation by picoline-derived Ni-CNP hydrides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1575-1578. [PMID: 38230654 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05455a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen atom transfer (OAT) from N2O to the Ni-H bond of proton-responsive picoline-derived CNP nickel complexes has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. These Ni-CNP complexes efficiently catalyse the reduction of N2O with pinacolborane (HBpin) under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Bermejo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Isabel Ortega-Lepe
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Laura L Santos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Nuria Rendón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Joaquín López-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Andrés Suárez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ) and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Américo Vespucio 49, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.
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7
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Hannah TJ, Chitnis SS. Ligand-enforced geometric constraints and associated reactivity in p-block compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:764-792. [PMID: 38099873 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00765k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The geometry at an element centre can generally be predicted based on the number of electron pairs around it using valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. Strategies to distort p-block compounds away from these predicted geometries have gained considerable interest due to the unique structural outcomes, spectroscopic properties or reactivity patterns engendered by such distortion. This review presents an up-to-date group-wise summary of this exciting and rapidly growing field with a focus on understanding how the ligand employed unlocks structural features, which in turn influences the associated reactivity. Relevant geometrically constrained compounds from groups 13-16 are discussed, along with selected stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. Several areas for advancement in this field are also discussed. Collectively, this review advances the notion of geometric tuning as an important lever, alongside electronic and steric tuning, in controlling bonding and reactivity at p-block centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Hannah
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
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8
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Moon HW, Wang F, Bhattacharyya K, Planas O, Leutzsch M, Nöthling N, Auer AA, Cornella J. Mechanistic Studies on the Bismuth-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Azoarenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313578. [PMID: 37769154 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Organobismuth-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation has recently been disclosed as an example of low-valent Bi redox catalysis. However, its mechanistic details have remained speculative. Herein, we report experimental and computational studies that provide mechanistic insights into a Bi-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of azoarenes using p-trifluoromethylphenol (4) and pinacolborane (5) as hydrogen sources. A kinetic analysis elucidated the rate orders in all components in the catalytic reaction and determined that 1 a (2,6-bis[N-(tert-butyl)iminomethyl]phenylbismuth) is the resting state. In the transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene using 1 a and 4, an equilibrium between 1 a and 1 a ⋅ [OAr]2 (Ar=p-CF3 -C6 H4 ) is observed, and its thermodynamic parameters are established through variable-temperature NMR studies. Additionally, pKa -gated reactivity is observed, validating the proton-coupled nature of the transformation. The ensuing 1 a ⋅ [OAr]2 is crystallographically characterized, and shown to be rapidly reduced to 1 a in the presence of 5. DFT calculations indicate a rate-limiting transition state in which the initial N-H bond is formed via concerted proton transfer upon nucleophilic addition of 1 a to a hydrogen-bonded adduct of azobenzene and 4. These studies guided the discovery of a second-generation Bi catalyst, the rate-limiting transition state of which is lower in energy, leading to catalytic transfer hydrogenation at lower catalyst loadings and at cryogenic temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Moon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Feng Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Kalishankar Bhattacharyya
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Oriol Planas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander A Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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9
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Tsuruta T, Spinnato D, Moon HW, Leutzsch M, Cornella J. Bi-Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation of C(sp 2)-H Bonds under Light. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25538-25544. [PMID: 37963280 PMCID: PMC10690797 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
We disclose a Bi-catalyzed C-H trifluoromethylation of (hetero)arenes using CF3SO2Cl under light irradiation. The catalytic method permits the direct functionalization of various heterocycles bearing distinct functional groups. The structural and computational studies suggest that the process occurs through an open-shell redox manifold at bismuth, comprising three unusual elementary steps for a main group element. The catalytic cycle starts with rapid oxidative addition of CF3SO2Cl to a low-valent Bi(I) catalyst, followed by a light-induced homolysis of Bi(III)-O bond to generate a trifluoromethyl radical upon extrusion of SO2, and is closed with a hydrogen-atom transfer to a Bi(II) radical intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tsuruta
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an
der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Davide Spinnato
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an
der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Hye Won Moon
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an
der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an
der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an
der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
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10
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Kong RY, Parry JB, Anello GR, Ong ME, Lancaster KM. Accelerating σ-Bond Metathesis at Sn(II) Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24136-24144. [PMID: 37870565 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Molecular main-group hydride catalysts are attractive as cheap and Earth-abundant alternatives to transition-metal analogues. In the case of the latter, specific steric and electronic tuning of the metal center through ligand choice has enabled the iterative and rational development of superior catalysts. Analogously, a deeper understanding of electronic structure-activity relationships for molecular main-group hydrides should facilitate the development of superior main-group hydride catalysts. Herein, we report a modular Sn-Ni bimetallic system in which we systematically vary the ancillary ligand on Ni, which, in turn, tunes the Sn center. This tuning is probed using Sn L1 XAS as a measure of electron density at the Sn center. We demonstrate that increased electron density at Sn centers accelerates the rate of σ-bond metathesis, and we employ this understanding to develop a highly active Sn-based catalyst for the hydroboration of CO2 using pinacolborane. Additionally, we demonstrate that engineering London dispersion interactions within the secondary coordination sphere of Sn allows for further rate acceleration. These results show that the electronics of main-group catalysts can be controlled without the competing effects of geometry perturbations and that this manifests in substantial reactivity differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Y Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Joseph B Parry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Guy R Anello
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Matthew E Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Baker Laboratory, 162 Sciences Drive, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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11
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Wenger JS, Getahun A, Johnstone TC. Variation in pnictogen-oxygen bonding unlocks greatly enhanced Brønsted basicity for the monomeric stibine oxide. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:11325-11334. [PMID: 37530432 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02113k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Phosphine oxides and arsine oxides feature highly polarized pnictoryl groups (Pn+-O-/Pn = O; Pn = P, As) and react as Brønsted bases through O-centered lone pairs. We recently reported the first example of a monomeric stibine oxide, Dipp3SbO (Dipp = diisopropylphenyl), allowing periodic trends in pnictoryl bonding to be extended to antimony for the first time. Computational studies suggest that, as the pnictogen atom becomes heavier, delocalization of electron density from the O-centered lone pairs to the Pn-C σ* orbitals is attenuated, destabilizing the lone pairs and increasing the donor capacity of the pnictine oxide. Herein, we assess the Brønsted basicity of a series of monomeric pnictine oxides (Dipp3PnO; Pn = P, As, and Sb). Stoichiometric reactivity between Dipp3PnO and a series of acids demonstrates the greatly enhanced ability of Dipp3SbO to accept protons relative to the lighter congeners, consistent with theoretical isodesmic reaction enthalpies and proton affinities. 1H NMR spectrometric titrations allow for the pKaH,MeCN determination of Dipp3AsO and Dipp3SbO, revealing a 106-fold increase in Brønsted basicity from Dipp3AsO to Dipp3SbO. The increased basicity can be exploited in catalysis; Dipp3SbO exhibits dramatically increased catalytic efficiency in the Brønsted base-catalyzed transesterification between p-nitrophenyl acetate and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. Our results unambiguously confirm the drastic increase in Brønsted basicity from Dipp3PO < Dipp3AsO < Dipp3SbO, a direct consequence of the variation in the electronic structure of the pnictoryl bond as the pnictogen atom increases in atomic number.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA.
| | - Addis Getahun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA.
| | - Timothy C Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA.
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12
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Wang X, Lei B, Zhang Z, Chen M, Rong H, Song H, Zhao L, Mo Z. Isolation and characterization of bis(silylene)-stabilized antimony(I) and bismuth(I) cations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2968. [PMID: 37221189 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Monovalent group 15 cations L2Pn + (L = σ-donor ligands, Pn = N, P, As, Sb, Bi) have attracted significant experimental and theoretical interest because of their unusual electronic structures and growing synthetic potential. Herein, we describe the synthesis of a family of antimony(I) and bismuth(I) cations supported by a bis(silylene) ligand [(TBDSi2)Pn][BArF4] (TBD = 1, 8, 10, 9-triazaboradecalin; ArF = 3,5-CF3-C6H3; Pn = Sb, (2); Bi, (3)). The structures of 2 and 3 have been unambiguously characterized spectroscopically and by X-ray diffraction analysis and DFT calculations. They feature bis-coordinated Sb and Bi atoms which exhibit two lone pairs of electrons. The reactions of 2 and 3 with methyl trifluoromethane sulfonate provide a approach for the preparation of dicationic antimony(III) and bismuth(III) methyl complexes. Compounds 2 and 3 serve as 2e donors to group 6 metals (Cr, Mo), giving rise to ionic antimony and bismuth metal carbonyl complexes 6-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Binglin Lei
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaoyin Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Rong
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Haibin Song
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 211816, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, 300071, Tianjin, China.
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13
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Pang Y, Nöthling N, Leutzsch M, Kang L, Bill E, van Gastel M, Reijerse E, Goddard R, Wagner L, SantaLucia D, DeBeer S, Neese F, Cornella J. Synthesis and isolation of a triplet bismuthinidene with a quenched magnetic response. Science 2023:eadg2833. [PMID: 37200451 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg2833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Large Spin-Orbit Coupling (SOC) is an intrinsic property of the heavy-elements that directly affects the electronic structures of the compounds. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of a mono-coordinate bismuthinidene featuring a rigid and bulky ligand. All magnetic measurements (SQUID, NMR) point to a diamagnetic compound. However, multiconfigurational quantum chemical calculations predict the ground state of the compound to be dominated (76%) by a spin-triplet. The apparent diamagnetism is explained by an extremely large SOC induced positive zero-field-splitting of more than 4500 cm-1 that leaves the MS = 0 magnetic sublevel thermally isolated in the electronic ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Pang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Liqun Kang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Maurice van Gastel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edward Reijerse
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lucas Wagner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel SantaLucia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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14
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Oberdorf K, Hanft A, Xie X, Bickelhaupt FM, Poater J, Lichtenberg C. Insertion of CO 2 and CS 2 into Bi-N bonds enables catalyzed CH-activation and light-induced bismuthinidene transfer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5214-5219. [PMID: 37206406 PMCID: PMC10189873 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01635h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The uptake and release of small molecules continue to be challenging tasks of utmost importance in synthetic chemistry. The combination of such small molecule activation with subsequent transformations to generate unusual reactivity patterns opens up new prospects for this field of research. Here, we report the reaction of CO2 and CS2 with cationic bismuth(iii) amides. CO2-uptake gives isolable, but metastable compounds, which upon release of CO2 undergo CH activation. These transformations could be transferred to the catalytic regime, which formally corresponds to a CO2-catalyzed CH activation. The CS2-insertion products are thermally stable, but undergo a highly selective reductive elimination under photochemical conditions to give benzothiazolethiones. The low-valent inorganic product of this reaction, Bi(i)OTf, could be trapped, showcasing the first example of light-induced bismuthinidene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Oberdorf
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Anna Hanft
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - Xiulan Xie
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35043 Marburg Germany
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Heyendaalseweg 135 6525 AJ Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg Auckland Park Johannesburg 2006 South Africa
| | - Jordi Poater
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IQTCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, ICREA Pg. Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
| | - Crispin Lichtenberg
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Str. 4 35043 Marburg Germany
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15
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Yang X, Reijerse EJ, Nöthling N, SantaLucia DJ, Leutzsch M, Schnegg A, Cornella J. Synthesis, Isolation, and Characterization of Two Cationic Organobismuth(II) Pincer Complexes Relevant in Radical Redox Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:5618-5623. [PMID: 36854169 PMCID: PMC10021010 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis, isolation, and characterization of two cationic organobismuth(II) compounds bearing N,C,N pincer frameworks, which model crucial intermediates in bismuth radical processes. X-ray crystallography uncovered a monomeric Bi(II) structure, while SQUID magnetometry in combination with NMR and EPR spectroscopy provides evidence for a paramagnetic S = 1/2 state. High-resolution multifrequency EPR at the X-, Q-, and W-band enable the precise assignment of the full g- and 209Bi A-tensors. Experimental data and DFT calculations reveal both complexes are metal-centered radicals with little delocalization onto the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Yang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edward J Reijerse
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel J SantaLucia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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16
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Wong WHM, Guo X, Chan HT, Yang T, Lin Z. Understanding the Organometallic Step: SO 2 Insertion into Bi(III)-C(Ph) Bond. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201218. [PMID: 36639231 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavier main-group element-catalyzed reactions provide an increasingly attractive tool to perform transformations mimicking the behaviors of transition metal catalysts. Recently, Magre and Cornella reported a Bi-catalyzed synthesis of aryl sulfonyl fluorides, which involves a fundamental organometallic step of SO2 insertion into the Bi-Ph bond. Our theoretical studies reveal that i) the ability of hypervalent coordination of the Bi(III) center allows facile coordination sphere expansion for the SO2 coordination via one oxygen atom; and ii) the high polarity of the Bi-Ph bond makes the Ph migration from the Bi(III) center feasible. These features enable the heavier main group element to resemble the transition metal having flexibility for ligand association and dissociation. Furthermore, iii) the available π electron pair of the migrating Ph group stabilizes the SO2 insertion transition state by maintaining interaction with the Bi(III) center during migration. The insight helps us better understand the heavier main-group catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Hei Marco Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xueying Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hok Tsun Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tilong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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17
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Zechovský J, Kertész E, Erben M, Jambor R, Růžička A, Benkö Z, Dostál L. Oxidations of N-coordinated Arsinidene and Stibinidene by Substituted Quinones: A Remarkable Follow-Up Reactivity. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300018. [PMID: 36756773 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The reactivity of pnictinidenes [2-(DippN=CH)-6-(DippNHCH2 )C6 H3 ]E (where E=As (1) or Sb (2)) toward substituted ortho- and para-quinones is reported. The central pnictogen atom is easily oxidized by ortho-quinones closing five-membered EO2 C2 ring. The oxidized antimony derivatives are stable species, while in the case of arsenic compounds the hydrogen of the pendant amino NHCH2 group cleaves one newly formed As-O bonds leading to the closure of a new azaarsole ring. Furthermore, a heating of these arsenic heterocycles resulted in a C-H bond activation at the NCH2 group involved in this heterocycle followed by a reductive elimination of corresponding catechols and arsinidene [2,6-(DippN=CH)C6 H3 ]As. Using of para-quinones, resulted in the oxidation of the central atom with a concomitant hydrogen migration from NHCH2 group even in the case of the antimony derivatives. The reductive elimination of hydroquinones is in this case feasible for all compounds. Studied compounds were characterized by multi-nuclear NMR, IR and Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The theoretical study focusing the key compounds and reactions is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Zechovský
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Kertész
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic
| | - Zoltán Benkö
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic
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18
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Sorbelli D, Belpassi L, Belanzoni P. Widening the Landscape of Small Molecule Activation with Gold-Aluminyl Complexes: A Systematic Study of E-H (E=O, N) Bonds, SO 2 and N 2 O Activation. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203584. [PMID: 36660925 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The electronic features of gold-aluminyl complexes have been thoroughly explored. Their similarity with Group 14 dimetallenes and other metal-aluminyl complexes suggests that their reactivity with small molecules beyond carbon dioxide could be accessed. In this work, the reactivity of the [t Bu3 PAuAl(NON)] (NON=4,5-bis(2,6 diisopropylanilido)-2,7-ditert-butyl-9,9-dimethylxanthene) complex towards water, ammonia, sulfur dioxide and nitrous oxide is computationally explored. The reaction mechanisms computed for each substrate strongly suggest that all activation processes are in principle experimentally feasible. Electronic structure analysis highlights that, in all cases, the reactivity is driven by the presence of the poorly polarized electron-sharing gold-aluminyl bond, which induces a radical-like reactivity of the complex towards all the substrates. A flat topology of the potential energy surface (PES) has been found for the reaction with N2 O, where two almost isoenergetic transition states can be located along the same reaction coordinate with different geometries, suggesting that the N2 O binding mode may not be a good indicator of the nature of N2 O activation in a cooperative bimetallic reactivity. In addition, the catalytic potentialities of these complexes have been explored in the framework of nitrous oxide reduction. The study reveals that the [t Bu3 PAuAl(NON)] complex might be an efficient catalyst towards oxidation of phosphines (and boranes) via N2 O reduction. These findings underline recurring trends in the novel chemistry of gold-aluminyl complexes and call for experimental feedbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sorbelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.,CNR Institute of Chemical Science and Technologies "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Belpassi
- CNR Institute of Chemical Science and Technologies "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Belanzoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy.,CNR Institute of Chemical Science and Technologies "Giulio Natta" (CNR-SCITEC), Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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19
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Zhu Q, Zhang S, Ma J, Zhu J, Li S, Zeng G. Catalytic Mechanisms of Transfer Hydrogenation of Azobenzene with Ammonia Borane by Pincer Bismuth Complex: Crucial Role of C=N Functional Group on the Pincer Ligand. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201069. [PMID: 36398781 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene with ammonia borane mediated by pincer bismuth complex 1 was systematically investigated through density functional theory calculations. An unusual metal-ligand cooperation mechanism was disclosed, in which the saturation/regeneration of the C=N functional group on the pincer ligand plays an essential role. The reaction is initiated by the hydrogenation of the C=N bond (saturation) with ammonia borane to afford 3CN , which is the rate-determining step with Gibbs energy barrier (ΔG≠ ) and Gibbs reaction energy (ΔG) of 25.6 and -7.3 kcal/mol, respectively. 3CN is then converted to a Bi-H intermediate through a water-bridged pathway, which is followed up with the transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene to produce the final product N,N'-diphenylhydrazine and regenerate the catalyst. Finally, the catalyst could be improved by substituting the phenyl group for the tert-butyl group on the pincer ligand, where the ΔG≠ value (rate-determining step) decreases to 24.0 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuoqi Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guixiang Zeng
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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20
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Severin K. Homogeneous catalysis with nitrous oxide. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Obi AD, Dickie DA, Tiznado W, Frenking G, Pan S, Gilliard RJ. A Multidimensional Approach to Carbodiphosphorane–Bismuth Coordination Chemistry: Cationization, Redox-Flexibility, and Stabilization of a Crystalline Bismuth Hydridoborate. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:19452-19462. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akachukwu D. Obi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 498, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sudip Pan
- Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert J. Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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22
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Warring LS, Walley JE, Dickie DA, Tiznado W, Pan S, Gilliard RJ. Lewis Superacidic Heavy Pnictaalkene Cations: Comparative Assessment of Carbodicarbene-Stibenium and Carbodicarbene-Bismuthenium Ions. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:18640-18652. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Levi S. Warring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Jacob E. Walley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Diane A. Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, República 270, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Sudip Pan
- Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Straße, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Robert J. Gilliard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, P.O. Box 400319, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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23
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Ni S, Vaillant FL, Mateos-Calbet A, Martin R, Cornella J. Ni-Catalyzed Oxygen Transfer from N 2O onto sp 3-Hybridized Carbons. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:18223-18228. [PMID: 36162124 PMCID: PMC9562464 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Herein we disclose a catalytic synthesis of cycloalkanols
that
harnesses the potential of N2O as an oxygen transfer agent
onto sp3-hybridized carbons. The protocol is distinguished
by its mild conditions and wide substrate scope, thus offering an
opportunity to access carbocyclic compounds from simple precursors
even in an enantioselective manner. Preliminary mechanistic studies
suggest that the oxygen insertion event occurs at an alkylnickel species
and that N2O is the O transfer reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyang Ni
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Franck Le Vaillant
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ana Mateos-Calbet
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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24
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Zhao F, Wang D, Li X, Yin Y, Wang C, Qiu L, Yu J, Chang H. Enhancement of Cs on Co 3O 4 for N 2O Catalytic Decomposition: N 2O Activation and O 2 Desorption. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feilin Zhao
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Xing Li
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Yimeng Yin
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Chizhong Wang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Huazhen Chang
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
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25
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Hollingsworth WM, Hill EA. Exploring the potential role of heavy pnictogen elements in ligand design for new metal-ligand cooperative chemistry. J COORD CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2022.2124863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Hollingsworth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - E. A. Hill
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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26
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Schwamm RJ, Kilpatrick AFR, Coles MP. Catenated (Bi)
n
(
n
=2, 3, 4) Complexes with Formally Monovalent Bismuth Centres. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Schwamm
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington PO Box 6012 New Zealand
| | | | - Martyn P. Coles
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington PO Box 6012 New Zealand
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27
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Zechovský J, Kertész E, Kremláček V, Hejda M, Mikysek T, Erben M, Růžička A, Jambor R, Benkő Z, Dostál L. Exploring Differences between Bis(aldimino)- and amino-aldimino- N, C, N-Pincer-Stabilized Pnictinidenes: Limits of Synthesis, Structure, and Reversible Tautomerization-Controlled Oxidation. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Zechovský
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Kertész
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Mikysek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Erben
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry and ELKH-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
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28
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Yang X, Reijerse EJ, Bhattacharyya K, Leutzsch M, Kochius M, Nöthling N, Busch J, Schnegg A, Auer AA, Cornella J. Radical Activation of N-H and O-H Bonds at Bismuth(II). J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16535-16544. [PMID: 36053726 PMCID: PMC9479083 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of unconventional strategies for the activation of ammonia (NH3) and water (H2O) is of capital importance for the advancement of sustainable chemical strategies. Herein we provide the synthesis and characterization of a radical equilibrium complex based on bismuth featuring an extremely weak Bi-O bond, which permits the in situ generation of reactive Bi(II) species. The ensuing organobismuth(II) engages with various amines and alcohols and exerts an unprecedented effect onto the X-H bond, leading to low BDFEX-H. As a result, radical activation of various N-H and O-H bonds─including ammonia and water─occurs in seconds at room temperature, delivering well-defined Bi(III)-amido and -alkoxy complexes. Moreover, we demonstrate that the resulting Bi(III)-N complexes engage in a unique reactivity pattern with the triad of H+, H-, and H• sources, thus providing alternative pathways for main group chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Yang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edward J Reijerse
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Markus Kochius
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Julia Busch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander Schnegg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alexander A Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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29
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Hynes T, Masuda JD, Chitnis SS. Mesomeric Tuning at Planar Bi centres: Unexpected Dimerization and Benzyl C‐H Activation in [CN2]Bi Complexes. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200244. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saurabh S. Chitnis
- Dalhousie University Department of Chemistry Chemistry Building, 6274 Coburg Road B3H 4R2 Halifax CANADA
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30
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Chaturvedi A, McCarver GA, Sinha S, Hix EG, Vogiatzis KD, Jiang J. A PEGylated Tin Porphyrin Complex for Electrocatalytic Proton Reduction: Mechanistic Insights into Main‐Group‐Element Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206325. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
| | - Gavin A. McCarver
- Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-1600 USA
| | - Soumalya Sinha
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
| | - Elijah G. Hix
- Department of Chemistry University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-1600 USA
| | | | - Jianbing Jiang
- Department of Chemistry University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA
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31
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Planas O, Peciukenas V, Leutzsch M, Nöthling N, Pantazis DA, Cornella J. Mechanism of the Aryl-F Bond-Forming Step from Bi(V) Fluorides. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14489-14504. [PMID: 35921250 PMCID: PMC9394462 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
![]()
In this article, we describe a combined experimental
and theoretical
mechanistic investigation of the C(sp2)–F bond formation
from neutral and cationic high-valent organobismuth(V) fluorides,
featuring a dianionic bis-aryl sulfoximine ligand. An exhaustive assessment
of the substitution pattern in the ligand, the sulfoximine, and the
reactive aryl on neutral triarylbismuth(V) difluorides revealed that
formation of dimeric structures in solution promotes facile Ar–F
bond formation. Noteworthy, theoretical modeling of reductive elimination
from neutral bismuth(V) difluorides agrees with the experimentally
determined kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Moreover, the addition
of external fluoride sources leads to inactive octahedral anionic
Bi(V) trifluoride salts, which decelerate reductive elimination. On
the other hand, a parallel analysis for cationic bismuthonium fluorides
revealed the crucial role of tetrafluoroborate anion as fluoride source.
Both experimental and theoretical analyses conclude that C–F
bond formation occurs through a low-energy five-membered transition-state
pathway, where the F anion is delivered to a C(sp2) center,
from a BF4 anion, reminiscent of the Balz–Schiemann
reaction. The knowledge gathered throughout the investigation permitted
a rational assessment of the key parameters of several ligands, identifying
the simple sulfone-based ligand family as an improved system for the
stoichiometric and catalytic fluorination of arylboronic acid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Planas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Vytautas Peciukenas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Dimitrios A Pantazis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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32
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Duneş G, Soran A, Silvestru C. Organopnictogen(III) bis(arylthiolates) containing NCN-aryl pincer ligands: from synthesis and characterization to reactivity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10406-10419. [PMID: 35762306 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01436j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salt elimination reactions between organopnictogen(III) dichlorides, RPnCl2 [R1 = 2,6-(Me2NCH2)2C6H3, Pn = Sb (1), Bi (2); R2 = 2,6-{MeN(CH2CH2)2NCH2}2C6H3, Pn = Sb (3), Bi (4); R3 = 2,6-{O(CH2CH2)2NCH2}2C6H3, Pn = Sb (5), Bi (6)] and 2 equivalents of KSC6H3Me2-2,6 afforded the isolation of a series of new NCN-chelated monoorganopnictogen(III) bis(arylthiolates), RPn(SC6H3Me2-2,6)2 [R1, Pn = Sb (7), Bi (8); R2, Pn = Sb (9), Bi (10); R3, Pn = Sb (11), Bi (12)]. Compounds 7 and 8 are unstable upon exposure to a dry O2 atmosphere and their aerobic decomposition yields the monoorganopnictogen(III) oxides, cyclo-[2,6-(Me2NCH2)2C6H3Pn(μ-O)]2 [Pn = Sb (13), Bi (14)] with concomitant formation of the corresponding disulfide, ArS-SAr (Ar = C6H3Me2-2,6). The oxidative addition of elemental sulfur or selenium to 7 undergoes a similar reaction path and gives stable heterocyclic species cyclo-[2,6-(Me2NCH2)2C6H3Sb(μ-E)]2 [E = S (15), Se (16)]. The reaction of 12 with I2 (1 : 1 molar ratio) gives the diiodide [2,6-{O(CH2CH2)2NCH2}2C6H3]BiI2 (17), along with the S-S oxidative coupling by-product, ArS-SAr. The use of an excess of iodine affords the crystallization of a 2 : 1 iodine adduct of 17 (17·0.5I2), built through halogen bonding. All new compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and ESI-MS as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction (except compounds 9 and 10).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Duneş
- Department of Chemistry, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre (SOOMCC), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Albert Soran
- Department of Chemistry, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre (SOOMCC), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Cristian Silvestru
- Department of Chemistry, Supramolecular Organic and Organometallic Chemistry Centre (SOOMCC), Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
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33
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Chaturvedi A, McCarver GA, Sinha S, Hix EG, Vogiatzis KD, Jiang JJ. A PEGylated Tin‐Porphyrin Complex for Electrocatalytic Proton Reduction: Mechanistic Insights into Main‐Group Element Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Chaturvedi
- University of Cincinnati Chemistry 312 College Dr. 45221 Cincinnati UNITED STATES
| | - Gavin A McCarver
- UT Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Knoxville Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Elijah G Hix
- UT Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Knoxville Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Konstantinos D Vogiatzis
- UT Knoxville: The University of Tennessee Knoxville Chemistry Buehler Hall1420 Circle Dr. 37996 Knoxville UNITED STATES
| | - Jianbing Jimmy Jiang
- University of Cincinnati Chemistry 312 College Dr. 45221 Cincinnati UNITED STATES
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34
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Kuziola J, Magre M, Nöthling N, Cornella J. Synthesis and Structure of Mono-, Di-, and Trinuclear Fluorotriarylbismuthonium Cations. Organometallics 2022; 41:1754-1762. [PMID: 36156903 PMCID: PMC9490813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A series of cationic
fluorotriarylbismuthonium salts bearing differently
substituted aryl groups (Ar = 9,9-Me2-9H-xanthene, Ph,
Mes, and 3,5-tBu-C6H3) have
been synthesized and characterized. While the presence of simple phenyl
substituents around the Bi center results in a polymeric structure
with three Bi centers in the repeating monomer, substituents at the ortho- and meta-positions lead to cationic
mono- and dinuclear fluorobismuthonium complexes, respectively. Preparation
of all compounds is accomplished by fluoride abstraction from the
parent triaryl Bi(V) difluorides using NaBArF (BArF– = B[C6H3-3,5-(CF3)2]4–). Structural
parameters were obtained via single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD),
and their behavior in solution was studied by NMR spectroscopy. Trinuclear
and binuclear complexes are held together through one bridging fluoride
(μ-F) between two Bi(V) centers. In contrast, the presence of
Me groups in both ortho-positions of the aryl ring
provides the adequate steric encumbrance to isolate a unique mononuclear
nonstabilized fluorotriarylbismuthonium cation. This compound features
a distorted tetrahedral geometry and is remarkably stable at room
temperature both in solution (toluene, benzene and THF) and in the
solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kuziola
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Marc Magre
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Nils Nöthling
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr 45470, Germany
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35
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Tidwell JR, Martin CD. Investigating the Reactions of BiCl 3, a Diiminopyridine Ligand, and Trimethylsilyl Trifluoromethanesulfonate. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R. Tidwell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
| | - Caleb D. Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, United States
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36
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Rummel L, Seidl M, Timoshkin A, Scheer M. Reactivity of the stibinidene complex [ClSb{Cr(CO)5}2(thf)]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manfred Scheer
- University of Regensburg Inorganic Chemistry Universitätsstrasse 31 D-93040 Regensburg GERMANY
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37
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Chen X, Wang H, Du S, Driess M, Mo Z. Deoxygenation of Nitrous Oxide and Nitro Compounds Using Bis(N‐Heterocyclic Silylene)Amido Iron Complexes as Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shaozhi Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry Technische Universität Berlin Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2 Strasse des 17. Juni 135 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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38
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Moon HW, Cornella J. Bismuth Redox Catalysis: An Emerging Main-Group Platform for Organic Synthesis. ACS Catal 2022; 12:1382-1393. [PMID: 35096470 PMCID: PMC8787757 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Bismuth has recently
been shown to be able to maneuver between
different oxidation states, enabling access to unique redox cycles
that can be harnessed in the context of organic synthesis. Indeed,
various catalytic Bi redox platforms have been discovered and revealed
emerging opportunities in the field of main group redox catalysis.
The goal of this perspective is to provide an overview of the synthetic
methodologies that have been developed to date, which capitalize on
the Bi redox cycling. Recent catalytic methods via low-valent Bi(II)/Bi(III),
Bi(I)/Bi(III), and high-valent Bi(III)/Bi(V) redox couples are covered
as well as their underlying mechanisms and key intermediates. In addition,
we illustrate different design strategies stabilizing low-valent and
high-valent bismuth species, and highlight the characteristic reactivity
of bismuth complexes, compared to the lighter p-block
and d-block elements. Although it is not redox catalysis
in nature, we also discuss a recent example of non-Lewis acid, redox-neutral
Bi(III) catalysis proceeding through catalytic organometallic steps.
We close by discussing opportunities and future directions in this
emerging field of catalysis. We hope that this Perspective will provide
synthetic chemists with guiding principles for the future development
of catalytic transformations employing bismuth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Won Moon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
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39
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Chlupatý T, Brichová K, Samsonov MA, Růžičková Z, Růžička A. Reversible addition of tin(II) amides to nitriles. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1879-1887. [PMID: 35018907 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Lappert's stannylene (Sn[N(SiMe3)2]2) has been reacted with various nitriles, dinitriles and trinitriles with the formation of heteroleptic amidotin(II) amidinates of the general formulae [RC(NSiMe3)2]SnN(SiMe3)2, R'{[C(NSiMe3)2]SnN(SiMe3)2}2 and R''{[C(NSiMe3)2]SnN(SiMe3)2}3, where R = Ph (1), 2-(CN)-C6H4 (2), 3-(CN)-C6H4 (3); R' = 1,3-C6H4 (4), 1,4-C6H4 (5) and R'' = 1,3,5-C6H3 (6). The reactions of amidotin(II) benzamidinate 1 with an excess of benzonitrile proceed to homoleptic tin(II) bis(benzamidinate) [PhC(NSiMe3)2]2Sn, which reversibly eliminates benzonitrile and 1 when warmed. The premise of reversibility has been supported by a multinuclear time-dependent NMR study and a theoretical (DFT) description. On the other hand, magnesium(II) bis(benzamidinate) [PhC(NSiMe3)2]2Mg (8) and lanthanum(II) tris(benzamidinate) [PhC(NSiMe3)2]3La (7) have been synthesised from appropriate metal hexamethyldisilazides and benzonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Chlupatý
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Kristýna Brichová
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Maksim A Samsonov
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Zdeňka Růžičková
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, CZ-532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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40
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Heteroelement organobismuth compounds in 2010–2020: A review. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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41
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Jia F, Luo J, Zhang B. Computational mechanism investigation of bismuth (Bi III/Bi V) redox-catalyzed fluorination of arylboronic esters. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00565d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations reveal details of the redox catalytic mechanism of a heavier main group element, bismuth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyun Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
| | - Jiewei Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
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42
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Jia F, Luo J, Zhang B. Computational mechanism investigation of Bi( i)/Bi( iii) redox-catalyzed hydrodefluorination (HDF) of polyfluoroarenes. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01020h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations reveal details of the redox catalytic mechanism of non-transition-metal bismuth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyun Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
| | - Jiewei Luo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637100, P. R. China
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43
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Magre M, Cornella J. Redox-Neutral Organometallic Elementary Steps at Bismuth: Catalytic Synthesis of Aryl Sulfonyl Fluorides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21497-21502. [PMID: 34914387 PMCID: PMC8719321 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A Bi-catalyzed synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides from the corresponding (hetero)aryl boronic acids is presented. We demonstrate that the organobismuth(III) catalysts bearing a bis-aryl sulfone ligand backbone revolve through different canonical organometallic steps within the catalytic cycle without modifying the oxidation state. All steps have been validated, including the catalytic insertion of SO2 into Bi-C bonds, leading to a structurally unique O-bound bismuth sulfinate complex. The catalytic protocol affords excellent yields for a wide range of aryl and heteroaryl boronic acids, displaying a wide functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Magre
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
| | - Josep Cornella
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, Mülheim an der Ruhr, 45470, Germany
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44
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Krüger J, Wölper C, Auer AA, Schulz S. Formation and Cleavage of a Sb−Sb Double Bond: From Carbene‐Coordinated Distibenes to Stibinidenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krüger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45141 Essen Germany
| | - Alexander A. Auer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE) University of Duisburg-Essen Universitätsstraße 5–7 45141 Essen Germany
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45
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Gimferrer M, Danés S, Andrada DM, Salvador P. Unveiling the Electronic Structure of the Bi(+1)/Bi(+3) Redox Couple on NCN and NNN Pincer Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17657-17668. [PMID: 34766771 PMCID: PMC8653152 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Low-valent group
15 compounds stabilized by pincer ligands have
gained particular interest, given their direct access to fine-tune
their reactivity by the coordination pattern. Recently, bismuth has
been employed in a variety of catalytic transformations by taking
advantage of the (+1/+3) redox couple. In this work, we present a
detailed quantum–chemical study on the electronic structure
of bismuth pincer complexes from two different families, namely, bis(ketimine)phenyl
(NCN) and triamide bismuthinidene (NNN). The use of the so-called
effective oxidation state analysis allows the unambiguous assignation
of the bismuth oxidation state. In contrast to previous studies, our
calculations suggest a Bi(+1) assignation for NCN pincer ligands,
while Bi(+3) character is found for NNN pincer complexes. Notably,
regardless of its oxidation state, the central bismuth atom disposes
of up to two lone pairs for coordinating Lewis acids, as indicated
by very high first and second proton affinity values. Besides, the
Bi–NNN systems can also accommodate two Lewis base ligands,
indicating also ambiphilic behavior. The effective fragment orbital
analysis of Bi and the ligand allows monitoring of the intricate electron
flow of these processes, revealing the noninnocent nature of the NNN
ligand, in contrast with the NCN one. By the dissection of the electron
density into effective fragment orbitals, we are able to quantify
and rationalize the Lewis base/acid character. Effective oxidation state analysis sheds
light on the electronic
structure of chemical systems. The oxidation state of bismuthinidene
pincer complexes can be assigned as Bi(+1) or Bi(+3) depending on
the nature of the ligands. Despite this assignation, the reactivity
pattern as Lewis base or acid is similar. The occupation of the effective
fragment orbitals gives a straightforward method to quantify the reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Gimferrer
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergi Danés
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.,Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Diego M Andrada
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Pedro Salvador
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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46
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Chen X, Wang H, Du S, Driess M, Mo Z. Deoxygenation of Nitrous Oxide and Nitro Compounds Using Bis(N-Heterocyclic Silylene)Amido Iron Complexes as Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202114598. [PMID: 34766416 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the efficient degradation of N2 O with a well-defined bis(silylene)amido iron complex as catalyst. The deoxygenation of N2 O using the iron silanone complex 4 as a catalyst and pinacolborane (HBpin) as a sacrificial reagent proceeds smoothly at 50 °C to form N2 , H2 , and (pinB)2 O. Mechanistic studies suggest that the iron-silicon cooperativity is the key to this catalytic transformation, which involves N2 O activation, H atom transfer, H2 release and oxygenation of the boron sites. This approach has been further developed to enable catalytic reductions of nitro compounds, producing amino-boranes with good functional-group tolerance and excellent chemoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shaozhi Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Sekr. C2, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Zhenbo Mo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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47
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Fujimoto H, Kusano M, Kodama T, Tobisu M. Three-Component Coupling of Acyl Fluorides, Silyl Enol Ethers, and Alkynes by P(III)/P(V) Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:18394-18399. [PMID: 34724385 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We report herein on the phosphine-catalyzed hydrovinylation reaction by three-component coupling of acyl fluorides, silyl enol ethers, and alkynoates. The key to the success of the reaction is the formal transmetalation between pentacoordinate P(V) species (i.e., fluorophosphorane) and a silyl enol ether, which allows for C-C bond formation between the polarity-mismatched sites. The bond formation that cannot be attained even by transition metal catalysis is accomplished by a P(III)/P(V) manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Fujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Momoka Kusano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takuya Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tobisu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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48
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Landman IR, Fadaei-Tirani F, Severin K. Nitrous oxide as a diazo transfer reagent: the synthesis of triazolopyridines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11537-11540. [PMID: 34664049 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04907k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide is a potential diazo transfer reagent, but its applications in organic chemistry are scarce. Here, we show that triazolopyridines and triazoloquinolines are formed in the reactions of metallated 2-alkylpyridines or 2-alkylquinolines with N2O. The reactions can be performed under mild conditions and give synthetically interesting triazoles in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris R Landman
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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49
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Kremláček V, Hejda M, Rychagova E, Ketkov S, Jambor R, Růžička A, Dostál L. Probing Limits of a C=C Bond Activation by N‐Coordinated Organopnictogen(I) Compounds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vít Kremláček
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hejda
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Elena Rychagova
- G.A.Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Ketkov
- G.A.Razuvaev Institute of Organometallic Chemistry RAS 49 Tropinin St. 603950 Nizhny Novgorod Russian Federation
| | - Roman Jambor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Růžička
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
| | - Libor Dostál
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry FCHT University of Pardubice Studentská 573 Pardubice 532 10 Czech Republic
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50
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Dhara D, Pal PK, Dolai R, Chrysochos N, Rawat H, Elvers BJ, Krummenacher I, Braunschweig H, Schulzke C, Chandrasekhar V, Priyakumar UD, Jana A. Synthesis and reactivity of NHC-coordinated phosphinidene oxide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9546-9549. [PMID: 34546278 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04421d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis of an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-stabilised phosphinidene oxide by the controlled oxygenation of a phosphinidene under ambient conditions. This compound can be further oxygenated to a phosphinidene dioxide. The stoichiometric reduction of a phosphinidene oxide with KC8 resembles the pinacol coupling reaction-the reduction of a carbonyl compound. We also looked at the stoichiometric oxidation of NHC-coordinated phosphinidene, phosphinidene oxide and phosphinidene dioxide with [NO][SbF6].
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Dhara
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Pradeep Kumar Pal
- International Institute of Information Technology, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India.
| | - Ramapada Dolai
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Nicolas Chrysochos
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, Greifswald D-17489, Germany.
| | - Hemant Rawat
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
| | - Benedict J Elvers
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, Greifswald D-17489, Germany.
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB), Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany.
| | - Carola Schulzke
- Institut für Biochemie, Universität Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 4, Greifswald D-17489, Germany.
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India. .,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208016, India
| | - U Deva Priyakumar
- International Institute of Information Technology, Gachibowli, Hyderabad-500032, India.
| | - Anukul Jana
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500046, Telangana, India.
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