1
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Walker SE, Chant W, Thoonen S, Tuck KL, Turner DR. Stabilization of Lantern-Type Metal-Organic Cages (MOCs) by Protective Control of Ligand Exchange Rates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400072. [PMID: 38366309 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembling systems in nature display remarkable complexity with assemblies of different sub-units to generate functional species. Synthetic analogues of such systems are a challenge, often requiring the ability to bias distributions that are under thermodynamic assembly control. Using lantern-type MOCs (metal-organic cages) as a prototypical self-assembling system, herein we explore the role that steric bulk plays in controlling the exchange rate of ligands in paddlewheel-based assemblies, and thus the stability of cages, in competitive self-assembling scenarios. The effective lifetime of the lantern-type MOCs varies over an order of magnitude depending on the steric bulk proximal to the metal nodes with lifetimes of the cages ranging from tens of minutes to several hours. The bulk of the coordinating solvents likewise reduces the rate of ligand exchange, and thus yields longer-lived species. Understanding this subtle effect has implications for controlling the stability of complex assemblies in competitive environments with implications for guest release and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Walker
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - William Chant
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Shannon Thoonen
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kellie L Tuck
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - David R Turner
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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2
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Wu K, Benchimol E, Baksi A, Clever GH. Non-statistical assembly of multicomponent [Pd 2ABCD] cages. Nat Chem 2024; 16:584-591. [PMID: 38243023 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Self-assembled hosts, inspired by biological receptors and catalysts, show application potential in sustainable synthesis, energy conversion and medicine. Implementing multiple functionalities in the form of distinguishable building blocks, however, is difficult without risking narcissistic self-sorting or a statistical mess. Here we report a systematic series of integratively self-assembled heteroleptic cages in which two square-planar PdII cations are bridged by four different bis-pyridyl ligands, A, B, C and D, via synergistic effects to exclusively form a single isomer-the lantern-shaped cage [Pd2ABCD]. This self-sorting goal-forming just one out of 55 possible structures-is reached under full thermodynamic control and can be realized progressively (by combining progenitors, such as [Pd2A2C2] with [Pd2B2D2]), directly from ligands and PdII cations or by mixing all four corresponding homoleptic cages. The rational design of complex multicomponent assemblies that enables the modular incorporation of diverse chemical moieties will advance their applicability in functional nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, LIFM, IGCME, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elie Benchimol
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany.
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3
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Benchimol E, Regeni I, Zhang B, Kabiri M, Holstein JJ, Clever GH. Heteromeric Completive Self-Sorting in Coordination Cage Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:6905-6911. [PMID: 38423558 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Heteroleptic coordination cages, nonstatistically assembled from a set of matching ligands, can be obtained by mixing individual components or via cage-to-cage transformations from homoleptic precursors. Based on the latter approach, we here describe a new level of self-sorting in coordination cage systems, namely, 'heteromeric completive self-sorting'. Here, two heteroleptic assemblies of type Pd2A2B2 and Pd2A2C2, sharing one common ligand component A but differing in the other, are shown to coexist in solution. This level of self-sorting can be reached either from a statistical mixture of assemblies based on some ligands B and C or, alternatively, following a first step of integrative self-sorting giving a distinct Pd2B2C2 intermediate. While subtle enthalpic factors dictate the outcome of the self-sorting, we found that it is controllable. From a unique set of three ligands, we demonstrate the transition from strict integrative self-sorting forming a Pd2AB2C cage to heteromeric completive self-sorting to give Pd2A2B2 and Pd2A2C2 by variation of the ligand ratio. Cage-to-cage transformations were followed by NMR and MS experiments. Single crystal X-ray structures for three new heteroleptic cages were obtained, impressively highlighting the versatility of ligand A to either form a π-stacked trans-figure-of-eight arrangement in Pd2A2B2 or occupy two cis-edges in Pd2A2C2 or only a single edge in Pd2AB2C. This study paves the way toward the control of heteroleptic cage populations in a systems chemistry context with emerging features such as chemical information processing, adaptive guest selectivity, or stimuli-responsive catalytic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Benchimol
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Irene Regeni
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Michele Kabiri
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Julian J Holstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn Str. 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
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4
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Chuprin AS, Belova SA, Vologzhanina AV, Dorovatovskii PV, Voloshin YZ. Preparation, X-ray Characterization, and Reactivity of the Rod-like and Angular Germanium- and Titanium(IV)-Capped Iron(II) Bis-Clathrochelates and Their Mono- and Bis-Capped (Semi)clathrochelate Precursors. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4299-4311. [PMID: 38364313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Transmetalation of the bis{triethylantimony(V)}-capped iron(II) tris-α-dioximate with n-butylboronic acid afforded the mixed antimony, boron cross-linked clathrochelate with single reactive antimony(V)-based apical fragment. This macrobicyclic precursor easily underwent the transmetalation reactions with germanium and titanium(IV) alkoxides to give the rod-like and angular FeII2MIV-trinuclear bis-clathrochelates. Those of the aforementioned diantimony(V)-capped complex with 3- and 4-carboxyphenylboronic acids afforded the monoboron-capped iron(II) semiclathrochelates, undergoing a double-cyclization (macrobicyclization) with germanium- and titanium(IV)-based capping agents. The reactions in the low-temperature range unexpectedly gave the stable 2:1 associates, formed by the bridging of two carboxyl-terminated macrobicyclic molecules of the mixed carboxylboron, triethylantimony-capped iron(II) clathrochelate with a triethylantimony(V)-based linker fragment. The obtained complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR and UV-vis spectra, and single-crystal XRD experiments. The encapsulated iron(II) ion in their 3D-molecules is situated almost in the center of its FeN6-coordination polyhedron possessing a truncated trigonal-pyramidal geometry. Fe-N distances fall in the range 1.887(7)-1.945(4) Å characteristic of the low-spin iron(II) complexes. The cross-linking titanium and germanium(IV) ions in the corresponding bis-clathrochelate molecules form the octahedral MIVO6-coordination polyhedra, the MIV-O distances of which vary from 1.946(2) to 1.964(2) Å and from 1.879(7) to 1.907(6) Å, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Chuprin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Belova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Vologzhanina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 1 Kurchatova pl., 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yan Z Voloshin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova St., 119334 Moscow, Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Davies JA, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Triamine and Tetramine Edge-Length Matching Drives Heteroleptic Triangular and Tetragonal Prism Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5215-5223. [PMID: 38349121 PMCID: PMC10910536 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Heteroleptic metal-organic capsules, which incorporate more than one type of ligand, can provide enclosed, anisotropic interior cavities for binding low-symmetry molecules of biological and industrial importance. However, the selective self-assembly of a single mixed-ligand architecture, as opposed to the numerous other possible self-assembly outcomes, remains a challenge. Here, we develop a design strategy for the subcomponent self-assembly of heteroleptic metal-organic architectures with anisotropic internal void spaces. Zn6Tet3Tri2 triangular prismatic and Zn8Tet2Tet'4 tetragonal prismatic architectures were prepared through careful matching of the side lengths of the tritopic (Tri) or tetratopic (Tet, Tet') and panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A. Davies
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of
Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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6
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Wu MX, Hong QY, Li M, Jiang WL, Huang B, Lu S, Wang H, Yang HB, Zhao XL, Shi X. Self-assembly of conformation-adaptive dihydrophenazine-based coordination cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1184-1187. [PMID: 38193861 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04864k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we designed and synthesized three conformation-adaptive Pd2L4- and Pd3L6-type coordination cages based on three dihydrophenazine-based ligands with different lengths. Interestingly, the shorter ligands L1 and L2 self-assembled into Pd2L4-type coordination cages while the longer ligand L3 formed Pd3L6-type one, mainly driven by the anion template effect. All coordination cages were confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their structural conformations underwent great changes compared with those of their corresponding ligands. Moreover, the conformational changes also significantly affected their photophysical and electrochemical properties which were distinct from their parent ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xiang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Qiong-Yan Hong
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Minghui Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Ling Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Li Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Xueliang Shi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, 3663 N, Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China.
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7
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Abe T, Sanada N, Takeuchi K, Okazawa A, Hiraoka S. Assembly of Six Types of Heteroleptic Pd 2L 4 Cages under Kinetic Control. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:28061-28074. [PMID: 38096127 PMCID: PMC10755705 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Heteroleptic assemblies composed of several kinds of building blocks have been seen in nature. It is still unclear how natural systems design and create such complicated assemblies selectively. Past efforts on multicomponent self-assembly of artificial metal-organic cages have mainly focused on finding a suitable combination of building blocks to lead to a single multicomponent self-assembly as the thermodynamically most stable product. Here, we present another approach to selectively produce multicomponent Pd(II)-based self-assemblies under kinetic control based on the selective ligand exchanges of weak Pd-L coordination bonds retaining the original orientation of the metal centers in a kinetically stabilized cyclic structure and on local reversibility given in certain areas of the energy landscape in the presence of the assist molecule that facilitates error correction of coordination bonds. The kinetic approach enabled us to build all six types of Pd2L4 cages and heteroleptic tetranuclear cages composed of three kinds of ditopic ligands. Although the cage complexes thus obtained are metastable, they are stable for 1 month or more at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Abe
- Department
of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Naoki Sanada
- Department
of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takeuchi
- Department
of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okazawa
- Department
of Electrical Engineering and Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department
of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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8
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Preston D, Evans JD. A Lantern-Shaped Pd(II) Cage Constructed from Four Different Low-Symmetry Ligands with Positional and Orientational Control: An Ancillary Pairings Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314378. [PMID: 37816684 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
One of the key challenges of metallo-supramolecular chemistry is to maintain the ease of self-assembly but, at the same time, create structures of increasingly high levels of complexity. In palladium(II) quadruply stranded lantern-shaped cages, this has been achieved through either 1) the formation of heteroleptic (multi-ligand) assemblies, or 2) homoleptic assemblies from low-symmetry ligands. Heteroleptic cages formed from low-symmetry ligands, a hybid of these two approaches, would add an additional rich level of complexity but no examples of these have been reported. Here we use a system of ancillary complementary ligand pairings at the termini of cage ligands to target heteroleptic assemblies: these complementary pairs can only interact (through coordination to a single Pd(II) metal ion) between ligands in a cis position on the cage. Complementarity between each pair (and orthogonality to other pairs) is controlled by denticity (tridentate to monodentate or bidentate to bidentate) and/or hydrogen-bonding capability (AA to DD or AD to DA). This allows positional and orientational control over ligands with different ancillary sites. By using this approach, we have successfully used low-symmetry ligands to synthesise complex heteroleptic cages, including an example with four different low-symmetry ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Jack D Evans
- Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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9
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Broto-Ribas A, Ruiz-Relaño S, Albalad J, Yang Y, Gándara F, Juanhuix J, Imaz I, Maspoch D. Retrosynthetic Analysis Applied to Clip-off Chemistry: Synthesis of Four Rh(II)-Based Complexes as Proof-of-Concept. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310354. [PMID: 37671919 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Clip-off Chemistry is a synthetic strategy that our group previously developed to obtain new molecules and materials through selective cleavage of bonds. Herein, we report recent work to expand Clip-off Chemistry by introducing into it a retrosynthetic analysis step that, based on virtual extension of the products through cleavable bonds, enables one to define the required precursor materials. As proof-of-concept, we have validated our new approach by synthesising and characterising four aldehyde-functionalised Rh(II)-based complexes: a homoleptic cluster; a cis-disubstituted paddlewheel cluster; a macrocycle; and a crown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Broto-Ribas
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Ruiz-Relaño
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Albalad
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yunhui Yang
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Juanhuix
- Alba Synchrotron Light Facility, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08290, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inhar Imaz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Bobylev EO, Passerini L, de Zwart FJ, Poole DA, Mathew S, Huber M, de Bruin B, Reek JNH. Pd 12M nL 24 (for n = 6, 8, 12) nanospheres by post-assembly modification of Pd 12L 24 spheres. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11840-11849. [PMID: 37920352 PMCID: PMC10619623 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03745b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we describe a post-assembly modification approach to selectively coordinate transition metals in Pd12L24 cuboctahedra. The herein reported approach involves the preparation of Pd12L24 nanospheres with protonated nitrogen donor ligands that are covalently linked at the interior. The so obtained Pd12(LH+)24 nanospheres are shown to be suitable for coordinative post-modification after deprotection by deprotonation. Selective formation of tetra-coordinated MB in Pd12MB6L24, tri-coordinated MB in Pd12MB8L24 nanospheres and two-coordinated MB in Pd12MB12L24 nanospheres is achieved as a result of different nitrogen donor ligands. A combination of pulsed EPR spectroscopy (DEER) to measure Cu-Cu distances in the different spheres, NMR studies and computational investigations, support the presence of the complexes at precise locations of the Pd12MB6L24 nanosphere. The general post-assembly modification methodology can be extended using other transition metal precursors or supramolecular systems and can guide precise formation and investigation of novel transition metal-complex containing nanospheres with well-defined composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard O Bobylev
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Leonardo Passerini
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 2333 CA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Felix J de Zwart
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - David A Poole
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martina Huber
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 2333 CA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam The Netherlands
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11
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Pearcy AC, Lisboa LS, Preston D, Page NB, Lawrence T, Wright LJ, Hartinger CG, Crowley JD. Exploiting reduced-symmetry ligands with pyridyl and imidazole donors to construct a second-generation stimuli-responsive heterobimetallic [PdPtL 4] 4+ cage. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8615-8623. [PMID: 37592996 PMCID: PMC10430685 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01354e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A new sequential metalation strategy that enables the assembly of a new more robust reduced symmetry heterobimetallic [PdPtL4]4+ cage C is reported. By exploiting a low-symmetry ditopic ligand (L) that features imidazole and pyridine donor units we were able to selectively form a [Pt(L)4]2+ "open-cage" complex. When this was treated with Pd(ii) ions the cage C assembled. 1H and DOSY nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESIMS) data were consistent with the quantitative formation of the cage and the heterobimetallic structure was confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The cage C was shown to bind anionic guest molecules. NMR studies suggested that these guests interacted with the cavity of the cage in a specific orientation and this was confirmed for the mesylate ion (MsO-) : C host-guest adduct using X-ray crystallography. In addition, the system was shown to be stimulus-responsive and could be opened and closed on demand when treated with appropriate stimuli. If a guest molecule was bound within the cage, the opening and closing was accompanied by the release and re-uptake of the guest molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aston C Pearcy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Lynn S Lisboa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Nick B Page
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - Tristan Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - Christian G Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago PO Box 56 Dunedin 9054 New Zealand
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12
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Espinosa CF, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Secondary Bracing Ligands Drive Heteroleptic Cuboctahedral Pd II12 Cage Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9965-9969. [PMID: 37115100 PMCID: PMC10176475 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The structural complexity of self-assembled metal-organic capsules can be increased by incorporating two or more different ligands into a single discrete product. Such complexity can be useful, by enabling larger, less-symmetrical, or more guests to be bound. Here we describe a rational design strategy for the use of subcomponent self-assembly to selectively prepare a heteroleptic cage with a large cavity volume (2631 Å3) from simple, commercially available starting materials. Our strategy involves the initial isolation of a tris(iminopyridyl) PdII3 complex 1, which reacts with tris(pyridyl)triazine ligand 2 to form a heteroleptic sandwich-like architecture 3. The tris(iminopyridyl) ligand within 3 serves as a "brace" to control the orientations of the labile coordination sites on the PdII centers. Self-assembly of 3 with additional 2 was thus directed to generate a large PdII12 heteroleptic cuboctahedron host. This new cuboctahedron was observed to bind multiple polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon guests simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Fuertes Espinosa
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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13
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Chuprin AS, Pavlov AA, Vologzhanina AV, Dorovatovskii PV, Makarenkov AV, Ol'shevskaya VA, Dudkin SV, Voloshin YZ. Multistep synthesis and X-ray structures of carboxyl-terminated hybrid iron(II) phthalocyaninatoclathrochelates and their postsynthetic transformation into polytopic carboranyl-containing derivatives. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3884-3895. [PMID: 36877091 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00076a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A multistep general synthetic strategy towards polytopic carboranyl-containing (semi)clathrochelate metal complexes, based on the template synthesis, transmetallation, amide condensation and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions, is developed. Their mono(semi)clathrochelate precursors with a single reactive group were obtained using a transmetallation of the triethylantimony-capped macrobicyclic precursor. The thus obtained carboxyl-terminated iron(II) semiclathrochelate underwent a macrobicyclization with zirconium(IV) phthalocyaninate to form the corresponding phthalocyaninatoclathrochelate. The direct one-pot template condensation of the suitable chelating and cross-linking ligand synthons on the Fe2+ ion as a matrix was also used for its preparation. Further amide condensation of the aforementioned semiclathrochelate and hybrid complexes with propargylamine in the presence of carbonyldiimidazole gave the (pseudo)cage derivatives with a terminal CC bond. Their "click" reaction with an appropriate carboranylmethyl azide afforded the ditopic carboranosemiclathrochelates and the tritopic carboranyl-containing phthalocyaninatoclathrochelates with a flexible spacer fragment between their polyhedral entities. The obtained new complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, multinuclear NMR, and UV-vis spectroscopy, and by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Their FeN6-coordination polyhedra show a truncated trigonal-pyramidal geometry, while the cross-linking heptacoordinate Zr4+ or Hf4+ cations in the hybrid compounds form the MIVN4O3-coordination polyhedra with the geometry of a capped trigonal prism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Chuprin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Pavlov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
- BMSTU Center of National Technological Initiative "Digital Material Science: New Material and Substances", Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 2nd Baumanskaya st. 5, 105005, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V Vologzhanina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Pavel V Dorovatovskii
- National Research Center Kurchatov Institute, 1 Kurchatova pl., 123098, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton V Makarenkov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Valentina A Ol'shevskaya
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Semyon V Dudkin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yan Z Voloshin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28-1 Vavilova st., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia
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14
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Trefoil-shaped metallacycle and metallacage via heteroleptic self-assembly. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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15
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Manick AD, Li C, Antonetti E, Albalat M, Cotelle Y, Nava P, Dutasta JP, Chatelet B, Martinez A. Probing the Importance of Host Symmetry on Carbohydrate Recognition. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203212. [PMID: 36563113 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The design of molecular cages with low symmetry could allow for more specific tuning of their properties and better mimic the unsymmetrical and complex environment of protein pockets. However, the added value of lowering symmetry of molecular receptors has been rarely demonstrated. Herein, C3 - and C1 -symmetrical cages, presenting the same recognition sites, have been synthesized and investigated as hosts for carbohydrate recognition. Structurally related derivatives of glucose, galactose and mannose were found to have greater affinity to the receptor with the lowest symmetry than to their C3 -symmetrical analogue. According to the host cavity modelling, the C1 symmetry receptor exhibits a wider opening than its C3 -symmetrical counterpart, providing easier access and thus promoting guest proximity to binding sites. Moreover, our results show the high stereo- and substrate selectivity of the C1 symmetry cage with respect to its C3 counterpart in the recognition of sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Doriane Manick
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Chunyang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China.,Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Elise Antonetti
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Muriel Albalat
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Yoann Cotelle
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Paola Nava
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- ENSL, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364, Lyon, France
| | - Bastien Chatelet
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - Alexandre Martinez
- Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
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16
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Sarkar M, Boomishankar R. Mapping the Assembly of Neutral Tetrahedral Cages Tethered by Oximido Linkers and Their Guest Encapsulation Studies. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1855-1863. [PMID: 35623320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A primary criterion for the design of polyhedral metal-organic cages is the requirement of geometrically matched pairs of metal ions and ligand moieties. However, understanding the pathway it takes to reach the final polyhedral structure can provide more insights into the self-assembly process and improved design strategies. In this regard, we report two neutral tetrahedral cages with the formulas {[Pd3(NiPr)3PO]4(L1)6} (1-TD) and {[Pd3(NiPr)3PO]4(L2)6} (2-TD) starting from the acetate-bridged cluster {[Pd3(NiPr)3PO]2(OAc)2(OH)}2·2(CH3)2SO (HEXA-Pd) and the respective oxamide precursors (L1H2: [C2(NH2)2O2]) and (L2H2: (C2(NHMe)2O2]). When subtle variations in the reaction conditions were made, two new tetrameric Pd12 assemblies, {[Pd3(NiPr)3PO]4(L1)2(OAc)4(OMe)4} (1-TM) and {[Pd3(NiPr)3PO]4(L2)2(OAc)4(OMe)4} (2-TM), were obtained from the same precursors. Detailed investigations using NMR, mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography, and computational studies indicate that the macrocyclic complexes 1-TM and 2-TM are the reaction intermediates involved in the formation of the tetrahedral cages 1-TD and 2-TD, respectively. Moreover, the tetrahedral cages 1-TD and 2-TD exhibited intrinsic cavities of volume ∼85 Å3. Guest encapsulation studies revealed that the cage 1-TD can encapsulate a wide range of guest molecules such as CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CCl4, C6H6, and C6H5F. Interestingly, 1-TD was shown to exhibit a preferential binding of C6H5F and C6H6 over other halogenated guest molecules, as determined from NMR titrations and computational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghamala Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Ramamoorthy Boomishankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.,Centre for Energy Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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17
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Vasdev RAS, Preston D, Casey-Stevens CA, Martí-Centelles V, Lusby PJ, Garden AL, Crowley JD. Exploiting Supramolecular Interactions to Control Isomer Distributions in Reduced-Symmetry [Pd 2L 4] 4+ Cages. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1833-1844. [PMID: 35604785 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
High-symmetry metallosupramolecular architectures (MSAs) have been exploited for a range of applications including molecular recognition, catalysis, and drug delivery. Recently, there have been increasing efforts to enhance those applications by generating reduced-symmetry MSAs. Here we report our attempts to use supramolecular (dispersion and hydrogen-bonding) forces and solvophobic effects to generate isomerically pure [Pd2(L)4]4+ cage architectures from a family of new reduced-symmetry ditopic tripyridyl ligands. The reduced-symmetry tripyridyl ligands featured either solvophilic polyether chains, solvophobic alkyl chains, or amino substituents. We show using NMR spectroscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography, X-ray diffraction data, and density functional theory calculations that the combination of dispersion forces and solvophobic effects does not provide any control of the [Pd2(L)4]4+ isomer distribution with mixtures of all four cage isomers (HHHH, HHHT, cis-HHTT, or trans-HTHT, where H = head and T = tail) obtained in each case. More control was obtained by exploiting hydrogen-bonding interactions between amino units. While the cage assembly with a 3-amino-substituted tripyridyl ligand leads to a mixture of all four possible isomers, the related 2-amino-substituted tripyridyl ligand generated a cis-HHTT cage architecture. Formation of the cis-HHTT [Pd2(L)4]4+ cage was confirmed using NMR studies and X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roan A S Vasdev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Caitlin A Casey-Stevens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Vicente Martí-Centelles
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Scotland
| | - Paul J Lusby
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Scotland
| | - Anna L Garden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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18
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Liu Y, Liao SH, Dai WT, Bai Q, Lu S, Wang H, Li X, Zhang Z, Wang P, Lu W, Zhang Q. Controlled Construction of Heteroleptic [Pd 2 (L A ) 2 (L B )(L C )] 4+ Cages: A Facile Approach for Site-Selective endo-Functionalization of Supramolecular Cavities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217215. [PMID: 36495225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Construction of supramolecular structures with internal functionalities is a promising approach to build enzyme-like cavities. The endo-functionalized [Pd12 L24 ] and [Pd2 L4 ] coordination cages represent the most successful systems in this regard. However, these systems mainly contain one type of endo-moiety. We herein provide a solution for the controlled endo-functionalization of [Pd2 L4 ] cages. Site-selective introduction of the endo-functional group was achieved through the formation of heteroleptic [Pd2 (LA )2 (LB )(LC )] cages. Using two orthogonal steric control elements is the key for the selective formation of the hetero-assemblies. We demonstrated the construction of two hetero-cages with a single internal functional group as well as a hetero-cage with two distinct endohedral functionalities. The endo-functionalized hetero-cages bound sulfonate guests with fast-exchange dynamics. This strategy provides a new solution for the controlled endo-functionalization of supramolecular cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shou-Heng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Tao Dai
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qixia Bai
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Ave., Experimental Building, P112, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Ave., Experimental Building, P112, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Ave., Experimental Building, P112, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Pingshan Wang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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19
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Horiuchi S, Yamaguchi T, Tessarolo J, Tanaka H, Sakuda E, Arikawa Y, Meggers E, Clever GH, Umakoshi K. Symmetry-breaking host-guest assembly in a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular system. Nat Commun 2023; 14:155. [PMID: 36631447 PMCID: PMC9834293 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-inspired self-assembly is invaluable to create well-defined giant structures from small molecular units. Owing to a large entropy loss in the self-assembly process, highly symmetric structures are typically obtained as thermodynamic products while formation of low symmetric assemblies is still challenging. In this study, we report the symmetry-breaking self-assembly of a defined C1-symmetric supramolecular structure from an Oh-symmetric hydrogen-bonded resorcin[4]arene capsule and C2-symmetric cationic bis-cyclometalated Ir complexes, carrying sterically demanding tertiary butyl (tBu) groups, on the basis of synergistic effects of weak binding forces. The flexible capsule framework shows a large structural change upon guest binding to form a distorted resorcin[4]arene hexameric capsule, providing an asymmetric cavity. Location of the chiral guest inside the anisotropic environment leads to modulation of its Electric Dipole (ED) and Magnetic Dipole (MD) transition moments in the excited state, causing an increased emission quantum yield, longer emission lifetime, and enhancement of the dissymmetry factor (glum) in the circularly polarized luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinnosuke Horiuchi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany. .,Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
| | - Takumi Yamaguchi
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, 923-1292, Japan
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Hirotaka Tanaka
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Eri Sakuda
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yasuhiro Arikawa
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan
| | - Eric Meggers
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Keisuke Umakoshi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan.
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20
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Min H, Craze AR, Wallis MJ, Tokunaga R, Taira T, Hirai Y, Bhadbhade MM, Fanna DJ, Marjo CE, Hayami S, Lindoy LF, Li F. Spin Crossover Induced by Changing the Identity of the Secondary Metal Ion from Pd II to Ni II in a Face-Centered Fe II 8 M II 6 Cubic Cage. Chemistry 2022; 29:e202203742. [PMID: 36550089 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Discrete spin crossover (SCO) heteronuclear cages are a rare class of materials which have potential use in next-generation molecular transport and catalysis. Previous investigations of cubic cage [Fe8 Pd6 L8 ]28+ constructed using semi-rigid metalloligands, found that FeII centers of the cage did not undergo spin transition. In this work, substitution of the secondary metal center at the face of the cage resulted in SCO behavior, evidenced by magnetic susceptibility, Mössbauer spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural comparisons of these two cages shed light on the possible interplay of inter- and intramolecular interactions associated with SCO in the NiII analogue, 1 ([Fe8 Ni6 L8 (CH3 CN)12 ]28+ ). The distorted octahedral coordination environment, as well as the occupation of the CH3 CN in the NiII axial positions of 1, prevented close packing of cages observed in the PdII analogue. This led to offset, distant packing arrangements whereby important areas within the cage underwent dramatic structural changes with the exhibition of SCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsung Min
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Alexander R Craze
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3Ta, UK
| | - Matthew J Wallis
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Ryuya Tokunaga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Takahiro Taira
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yutaka Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Mohan M Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel J Fanna
- Advanced Materials Characterisation Facility, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Christopher E Marjo
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shinya Hayami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan
| | - Leonard F Lindoy
- School of Chemistry F11, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Feng Li
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
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21
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Platzek A, Juber S, Yurtseven C, Hasegawa S, Schneider L, Drechsler C, Ebbert KE, Rudolf R, Yan Q, Holstein JJ, Schäfer LV, Clever GH. Endohedrally Functionalized Heteroleptic Coordination Cages for Phosphate Ester Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209305. [PMID: 36074340 PMCID: PMC9828229 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Metallosupramolecular hosts of nanoscopic dimensions, which are able to serve as selective receptors and catalysts, are usually composed of only one type of organic ligand, restricting diversity in terms of cavity shape and functional group decoration. We report a series of heteroleptic [Pd2 A2 B2 ] coordination cages that self-assemble from a library of shape complementary bis-monodentate ligands in a non-statistical fashion. Ligands A feature an inward pointing NH function, able to engage in hydrogen bonding and amenable to being functionalized with amide and alkyl substituents. Ligands B comprise tricyclic aromatic backbones of different shape and electronic situation. The obtained heteroleptic coordination cages were investigated for their ability to bind phosphate diesters as guests. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in explicit solvent were conducted to understand the mechanistic relationships behind the experimentally determined guest affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Platzek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Selina Juber
- Theoretical ChemistryRuhr University Bochum44780BochumGermany
| | - Cem Yurtseven
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Shota Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Laura Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Christoph Drechsler
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Kristina E. Ebbert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Robin Rudolf
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Qian‐Qian Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Julian J. Holstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Lars V. Schäfer
- Theoretical ChemistryRuhr University Bochum44780BochumGermany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund UniversityOtto-Hahn-Straße 644227DortmundGermany
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22
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Complementarity and Preorganisation in the Assembly of Heterometallic–Organic Cages via the Metalloligand Approach—Recent Advances. CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry4040095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of new metallocage polyhedra towards pre-determined structures can offer both practical as well as intellectual challenges. In this mini-review we discuss a selection of recent examples in which the use of the metalloligand approach has been employed to overcome such challenges. An attractive feature of this approach is its stepwise nature that lends itself to the design and rational synthesis of heterometallic metal–organic cages, with the latter often associated with enhanced functionality.
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23
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Lewis JEM. Pseudo-heterolepticity in Low-Symmetry Metal-Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212392. [PMID: 36074024 PMCID: PMC9828238 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Heteroleptic metal-organic cages, formed through integrative self-assembly of ligand mixtures, are highly attractive as reduced symmetry supramolecular hosts. Ensuring high-fidelity, non-statistical self-assembly, however, presents a significant challenge in molecular engineering due to the inherent difficulty in predicting thermodynamic energy landscapes. In this work, two conceptual strategies are described that circumvent this issue, using ligand design strategies to access structurally sophisticated metal-organic hosts. Using these approaches, it was possible to realise cavity environments described by two inequivalent, unsymmetrical ligand frameworks, representing a significant step forward in the construction of highly anisotropic confined spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. M. Lewis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B15 2TTUK,Previous address: Department of ChemistryMolecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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24
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Lewis J. Pseudo‐heterolepticity in Low‐Symmetry Metal‐Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Lewis
- University of Birmingham School of Chemistry Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UNITED KINGDOM
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25
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Domoto Y, Fujita M. Self-assembly of nanostructures with high complexity based on metal⋯unsaturated-bond coordination. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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26
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Wu K, Tessarolo J, Baksi A, Clever GH. Guest‐Modulated Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Ligand‐to‐Ligand Chirality Transfer in Heteroleptic Pd
II
Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205725. [PMID: 35616285 PMCID: PMC9544203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent metallo‐supramolecular assembly allows the rational combination of different building blocks. Discrete multifunctional hosts with an accessible cavity can be prepared in a non‐statistical fashion. We employ our shape‐complementary assembly (SCA) method to achieve for the first time integrative self‐sorting of heteroleptic PdII cages showing guest‐tunable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). An enantiopure helicene‐based ligand (M or P configuration) is coupled with a non‐chiral emissive fluorenone‐based ligand (A or B) to form a series of Pd2L2L′2 assemblies. The modular strategy allows to impart the chiral information of the helicenes to the overall supramolecular system, resulting in CPL from the non‐chiral component. Guest binding results in a 4‐fold increase of CPL intensity. The principle offers potential to generate libraries of multifunctional materials with applications in molecular recognition, enantioselective photo‐redox catalysis and information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology TU Dortmund University Otto Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
- Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology TU Dortmund University Otto Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Ananya Baksi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology TU Dortmund University Otto Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Guido H. Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology TU Dortmund University Otto Hahn Str. 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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27
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Li S, Cai L, Hong M, Chen Q, Sun Q. Combinatorial Self‐Assembly of Coordination Cages with Systematically Fine‐Tuned Cavities for Efficient Co‐Encapsulation and Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204732. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao‐Chuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 (P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (P. R. China
| | - Li‐Xuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 (P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (P. R. China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 (P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (P. R. China
| | - Qihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 (P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (P. R. China
| | - Qing‐Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou 350002 (P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (P. R. China
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28
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Broto-Ribas A, Gutiérrez MS, Imaz I, Carné-Sánchez A, Gándara F, Juanhuix J, Maspoch D. Synthesis of the two isomers of heteroleptic Rh 12L 6L' 6 metal-organic polyhedra by screening of complementary linkers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:10480-10483. [PMID: 35880835 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesised and characterised the two possible isomers of heteroleptic trigonal antiprismatic M12L6L'6 MOPs by screening reactions of rhodium acetate with different pairs of complementary dicarboxylate linkers. The resulting 12 new MOPs (eight of isomer A + four of isomer B) are microporous in the solid state, exhibiting Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas as high as 770 m2 g-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Broto-Ribas
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - María Susana Gutiérrez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Inhar Imaz
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Arnau Carné-Sánchez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Felipe Gándara
- Department of New Architectures in Materials Chemistry, Materials Science Institute of Madrid - CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Juanhuix
- ALBA Synchrotron, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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29
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Zhu J, Li C, Li X, Wang Q, Zou L. Different-shaped ligand mediating efficient structurally similar cage-to-cage transformation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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30
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Ma J, Han N, Yu H, Li J, Shi J, Wang S, Zhang H, Wang M. Multi-Decker Emissive Supramolecular Architectures Based on Shape-Complementary Ligands Pair. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2202167. [PMID: 35638477 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202202167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dye aggregates have attracted a great deal of attention due to their widespread applications in organic light-emitting devices, light-harvesting systems, etc. However, the strategies to precisely control chromophores with specific spatial arrangements still remain a great challenge. In this work, a series of double- and triple-decker supramolecular complexes are successfully constructed by coordination-driven self-assembly of carefully designed shape-complementary ligands, one claw-like tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based host ligand and three tetratopic or ditopic guest ligands. The spatial configurations of these assemblies (one double-decker and three "S-shaped" or "X-shaped" triple-decker structures) depend on the angles of these TPE-derived ligands. Notably, the three triple-decker structures are geometric isomers. Furthermore, photophysical studies show that these complexes exhibit different ratios of radiative (kr ) and non-radiative (knr ) rate constant due to the different spatial arrangements of TPE moieties. This study provides not only a unique strategy for the construction of multi-stacks with specific spatial arrangement, but also a promising platform for investigating the aggregation behavior of fluorescent chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Ningxu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Shaozhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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31
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Benchimol E, Nguyen BNT, Ronson TK, Nitschke JR. Transformation networks of metal-organic cages controlled by chemical stimuli. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5101-5135. [PMID: 35661155 PMCID: PMC9207707 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The flexibility of biomolecules enables them to adapt and transform as a result of signals received from the external environment, expressing different functions in different contexts. In similar fashion, coordination cages can undergo stimuli-triggered transformations owing to the dynamic nature of the metal-ligand bonds that hold them together. Different types of stimuli can trigger dynamic reconfiguration of these metal-organic assemblies, to switch on or off desired functionalities. Such adaptable systems are of interest for applications in switchable catalysis, selective molecular recognition or as transformable materials. This review highlights recent advances in the transformation of cages using chemical stimuli, providing a catalogue of reported strategies to transform cages and thus allow the creation of new architectures. Firstly we focus on strategies for transformation through the introduction of new cage components, which trigger reconstitution of the initial set of components. Secondly we summarize conversions triggered by external stimuli such as guests, concentration, solvent or pH, highlighting the adaptation processes that coordination cages can undergo. Finally, systems capable of responding to multiple stimuli are described. Such systems constitute composite chemical networks with the potential for more complex behaviour. We aim to offer new perspectives on how to design transformation networks, in order to shed light on signal-driven transformation processes that lead to the preparation of new functional metal-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elie Benchimol
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Bao-Nguyen T Nguyen
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Tanya K Ronson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.
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32
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Wu K, Tessarolo J, Baksi A, Clever GH. Guest‐modulated Circularly Polarized Luminescence by Ligand‐to‐Ligand Chirality Transfer in Heteroleptic Pd(II) Coordination Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wu
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Chemistry and Chemical Biology GERMANY
| | - Jacopo Tessarolo
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Chemistry and Chemical Biology GERMANY
| | - Ananya Baksi
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund Chemistry and Chemical Biology GERMANY
| | - Guido H. Clever
- TU Dortmund University Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Biology Otto-Hahn-Str. 6 44227 Dortmund GERMANY
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33
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Li SC, Cai LX, Hong M, Chen Q, Sun QF. Combinatorial Self‐Assembly of Coordination Cages with Systematically Fine‐Tuned Cavities for Efficient Co‐Encapsulation and Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Chuan Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter State Key Laboratory of Strutral Chemistry CHINA
| | - Li-Xuan Cai
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter State Key Laboratory of Strutral Chemistry CHINA
| | - Maochun Hong
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter State Key Laboratory of Strutral Chemistry CHINA
| | - Qihui Chen
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter State Key Laboratory of Strutral Chemistry CHINA
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry 155 Yangqiao Road West 350002 Fuzhou CHINA
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34
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Limarev IP, Zelinskii GE, Belova SA, Dorovatovskii PV, Vologzhanina AV, Lebed EG, Voloshin YZ. Monoribbed‐functionalized macrobicyclic iron(
II
) complexes decorated with terminal reactive and vector groups: synthetic strategy towards, chemical transformations and structural characterization. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya P. Limarev
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Genrikh E. Zelinskii
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Belova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | | | - Anna V. Vologzhanina
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Ekaterina G. Lebed
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Yan Z. Voloshin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova st. 119991 Moscow Russia
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr. 119991 Moscow Russia
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35
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Chang Q, Meng X, Ruan W, Feng Y, Li R, Zhu J, Ding Y, Lv H, Wang W, Chen G, Fang X. Metal–Organic Cages with {SiW
9
Ni
4
} Polyoxotungstate Nodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117637. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Wenjun Ruan
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yeqin Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 102488 China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis of Gansu Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hongjin Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 102488 China
| | - Wei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials Haixi Institutes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen Fujian 361021 China
| | - Guanying Chen
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Xikui Fang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
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36
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McTernan CT, Davies JA, Nitschke JR. Beyond Platonic: How to Build Metal-Organic Polyhedra Capable of Binding Low-Symmetry, Information-Rich Molecular Cargoes. Chem Rev 2022; 122:10393-10437. [PMID: 35436092 PMCID: PMC9185692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
field of metallosupramolecular chemistry has advanced rapidly
in recent years. Much work in this area has focused on the formation
of hollow self-assembled metal-organic architectures and exploration
of the applications of their confined nanospaces. These discrete,
soluble structures incorporate metal ions as ‘glue’
to link organic ligands together into polyhedra.Most of the architectures
employed thus far have been highly symmetrical, as these have been
the easiest to prepare. Such high-symmetry structures contain pseudospherical
cavities, and so typically bind roughly spherical guests. Biomolecules
and high-value synthetic compounds are rarely isotropic, highly-symmetrical
species. To bind, sense, separate, and transform such substrates,
new, lower-symmetry, metal-organic cages are needed. Herein we summarize
recent approaches, which taken together form the first draft of a
handbook for the design of higher-complexity, lower-symmetry, self-assembled
metal-organic architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie T McTernan
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jack A Davies
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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37
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Liu D, Lin YJ, Jin GX. Guest Encapsulation and Self-Assembly of a Box-like Metalla-Rectangle Featuring Cp*Rh Fragments. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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38
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McConnell AJ. Metallosupramolecular cages: from design principles and characterisation techniques to applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2957-2971. [PMID: 35356956 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01143j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although metallosupramolecular cages are self-assembled from seemingly simple building blocks, metal ions and organic ligands, architectures of increasingly large size and complexity are accessible and exploited in applications from catalysis to the stabilisation of reactive species. This Tutorial Review gives an introduction to the principles for designing metallosupramolecular cages and highlights advances in the design of large and lower symmetry cages. The characterisation and identification of cages relies on a number of complementary techniques with NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography and computational methods being the focus of this review. Finally, examples of cages are discussed where these design principles and characterisation techniques are put into practice for an application or function of the cage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna J McConnell
- Otto Diels Institute of Organic Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel 24098, Germany.
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39
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Buchanan JS, Preston D. A Catalogue of Orthogonal Complementary Ligand Pairings for Palladium(II) Complexes. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200272. [PMID: 35362213 PMCID: PMC9324840 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecular recognition is a form of information transfer, seen in the base pairing in DNA which is derived from the identity (acceptor or donor) and number of hydrogen bond sites within each base. Here we report bis‐ligand palladium(II) complexes that exhibit similar complementarity. Pd(II) has square planar four‐coordinate geometry, giving control over ligand orientation and denticity. Pairings were developed using ligand denticity (3 : 1 or 2 : 2), and hydrogen bond capability (AA:DD or AD:DA) or lack thereof. Five pairings were investigated, with two sets of four being found fully orthogonal. The two 3 : 1 pairings exhibited limited ligand exchange. The extent of this exchange varied dependant on solvent from 2 : 1 (desired to undesired) to 6 : 1. A reliable and varied set of ligand pairs have therefore been developed for bis‐ligand coordination sphere engineering in pursuit of sorting for complex molecular architectures and molecular‐level information storage and transfer events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Buchanan
- Australian National University, Research School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | - Dan Preston
- Australian National University, Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Sullivan Creek Road, 26010, Australia, 9200, Canberra, AUSTRALIA
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40
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Liu D, Lu Y, Lin Y, Jin G. Rational Design and Integrative Assembly of Heteromeric Metalla[2]Catenanes Featuring Cp*Ir/Rh Fragments. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104617. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P.R. China
| | - Ye Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P.R. China
| | - Yue‐Jian Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P.R. China
| | - Guo‐Xin Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer Department of Chemistry Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P.R. China
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41
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Chang Q, Meng X, Ruan W, Feng Y, Li R, Zhu J, Ding Y, Lv H, Wang W, Chen G, Fang X. Metal–Organic Cages with {SiW9Ni4} Polyoxotungstate Nodes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- Harbin Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiangyu Meng
- Lanzhou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wenjun Ruan
- Harbin Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yeqin Feng
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rui Li
- Lanzhou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Lanzhou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yong Ding
- Lanzhou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hongjin Lv
- Beijing Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei Wang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research of the Structural of Matter CHINA
| | - Guanying Chen
- Harbin Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xikui Fang
- Harbin Institute of Technology Department of Applied Chemistry A405 Mingde Building 150001 Harbin CHINA
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42
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Findlay J, Patil K, Gardiner M, MacDermott-Opeskin H, O'mAra M, Kruger P, Preston D. Heteroleptic tripalladium(II) cages. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200093. [PMID: 35139260 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There is a concerted attempt to develop self-assembled metallo-cages of greater structural complexity, and heteroleptic Pd II cages are emerging as prime candidates in these efforts. Most of these are dinuclear: few examples of higher nuclearity have been reported. We demonstrate here a robust method for the formation of tripalladium(II) cages from the 2:3:3 combination of a tritopic ligand, Pd II , and a selection of ditopic ligands of the correct size and geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Findlay
- Australian National University, Research School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | - Komal Patil
- University of Canterbury, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Michael Gardiner
- Australian National University, Research School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Megan O'mAra
- Australian National University, Research School of Chemistry, AUSTRALIA
| | - Paul Kruger
- University of Canterbury, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, NEW ZEALAND
| | - Dan Preston
- Australian National University, Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, Sullivan Creek Road, 26010, Australia, 9200, Canberra, AUSTRALIA
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43
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Chen B, Holstein JJ, Platzek A, Schneider L, Wu K, Clever GH. Cooperativity of steric bulk and H-bonding in coordination sphere engineering: heteroleptic Pd II cages and bowls by design. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1829-1834. [PMID: 35282629 PMCID: PMC8826863 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06931d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently developed self-assembly strategies allow to rationally reduce the symmetry of metallosupramolecular architectures. In addition, the combination of multiple ligand types without creating compound mixtures has become possible. Among several approaches to realize non-statistical heteroleptic assembly, Coordination Sphere Engineering (CSE) makes use of secondary repulsive or attractive interactions in direct vicinity of the metal nodes. Previously, we used steric congestion to turn dinuclear [Pd2L4] cages with fourfold symmetry into [Pd2L3X2] (X = solvent, halide) bowl structures. Here, we introduce a new subtype of this strategy based on balancing hydrogen bonding and repulsive interactions between ligands carrying quinoline (LQu) and 1,8-naphthyridine (LNa) donors to generate trans-[Pd2L2] and [Pd2L3L′] cages, assisted by templation of encapsulated fullerenes. Combined with steric congestion caused by acridine (LAc) donors, we further report the first example of a heteroleptic [Pd2L2L′X2] bowl. Formation, structure and fullerene binding ability of these metallo-supramolecular hosts were studied by NMR, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Coordination Sphere Engineering (CSE) allows non-statistical assembly of heteroleptic supramolecular architectures by fine adjustment of steric and electronic features around square-planar Pd(ii) cations with naphthyridine donors.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany .,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Julian J Holstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - André Platzek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Laura Schneider
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany .,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Guido H Clever
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University Otto-Hahn Straße 6 44227 Dortmund Germany
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44
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Siddique RG, Arachchige KSA, AL‐Fayaad HA, Thoburn JD, McMurtrie JC, Clegg JK. Controlling the Complexity and Interconversion Mechanisms in Self‐Assembled [Fe
2
L
3
]
4+
Helicates and [Fe
4
L
6
]
8+
Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid G. Siddique
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
- Department of Chemistry School of Natural Sciences (SNS) National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12 Islamabad 46000 Pakistan
| | - Kasun S. A. Arachchige
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Hydar A. AL‐Fayaad
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
| | - John D. Thoburn
- Department of Chemistry Randolph-Macon College Ashland VA 23005 USA
| | - John C. McMurtrie
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4000 Australia
| | - Jack K. Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St Lucia Qld 4072 Australia
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45
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Lewis JEM. Molecular engineering of confined space in metal–organic cages. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13873-13886. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05560k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The host–guest chemistry of metal–organic cages can be modified through tailoring of structural aspects such as size, shape and functionality. In this review, strategies, opportunities and challenges of such molecular engineering are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. M. Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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46
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Li S, Liu C, Chen Q, Jiang F, Yuan D, Sun QF, Hong M. Adaptive coordination assemblies based on a flexible tetraazacyclododecane ligand for promoting carbon dioxide fixation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9016-9022. [PMID: 36091216 PMCID: PMC9365242 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination hosts based on flexible ligands have received increasing attention due to their inherent adaptive cavities that often show induced-fit guest binding and catalysis like enzymes. Herein, we report the controlled self-assembly of a series of homo/heterometallic coordination hosts (Me4enPd)2n(ML)n [n = 2/3; M = Zn(ii)/Co(ii)/Ni(ii)/Cu(ii)/Pd(ii)/Ag(i); Me4en: N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine] with different shapes (tube/cage) from a flexible tetraazacyclododecane-based pyridinyl ligand (L) and cis-blocking Me4enPd(ii) units. While the Ag(i)-metalated ligand (AgL) gave rise to the formation of a (Me4enPd)4(ML)2-type cage, all other M(ii) ions led to isostructural (Me4enPd)6(ML)3-type tubular complexes. Structural transformations between cages and tubes could be realized through transmetalation of the ligand. The buffering effect on the ML panels endows the coordination tubes with remarkable acid–base resistance, which makes the (Me4enPd)6(ZnL)3 host an effective catalyst for the CO2 to CO32− conversion. Control experiments suggested that the integration of multiple active Zn(ii) sites on the tubular host and the perfect geometry match between CO32− and the cavity synergistically promoted such a conversion. Our results provide an important strategy for the design of adaptive coordination hosts to achieve efficient carbon fixation. A series of coordination hosts were prepared and their applications in CO2 fixation were studied.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Caiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Qihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Feilong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Qing-Fu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Maochun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Structure Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
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47
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Ronson TK, Carpenter JP, Nitschke JR. Dynamic optimization of guest binding in a library of diastereomeric heteroleptic coordination cages. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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48
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Siddique RG, Arachchige KSA, Al-Fayaad HA, Thoburn JD, McMurtrie JC, Clegg JK. Controlling the Complexity and Interconversion Mechanisms in Self-Assembled [Fe 2 L 3 ] 4+ Helicates and [Fe 4 L 6 ] 8+ Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115555. [PMID: 34897921 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled coordination cages and metal-organic frameworks have relied extensively on symmetric ligands in their formation. Here we have prepared a relatively simple system employing an unsymmetric ligand that results in two distinct self-assembled structures, a [Fe2 L3 ]4+ helicate and a [Fe4 L6 ]8+ cage composed of 10 interconverting diastereomers and their enantiomers. We show that the steric profile of the ligand controls the complexity, thermodynamics and kinetics of interconversion of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid G Siddique
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), H-12, Islamabad, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Kasun S A Arachchige
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Hydar A Al-Fayaad
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
| | - John D Thoburn
- Department of Chemistry, Randolph-Macon College, Ashland, VA 23005, USA
| | - John C McMurtrie
- School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Jack K Clegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia
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49
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Teng Q, Xiang G, Chen GH, Chen SM, He YP, Zhang J. Coordination Assembly of Tetrahedral Zr 4(embonate) 6 Cages with Eu 3+ Ions. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18178-18184. [PMID: 34806867 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein we systematically investigated the coordination assembly behavior of Zr4L6 cages with Eu3+ ions at room temperature. Through adjustment of the concentration of Eu salt and changes of the type and molar ratio of the solvent, a series of Zr4L6-Eu structures with different structure dimensionalities have been synthesized and structurally characterized. In addition, we also studied the optical properties of these materials in detail, including the fluorescent and third-order nonlinear-optical properties. Most notably, a 2D layer structure with a strong aromatic π···π-stacking force exhibits a good optical-limiting effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Teng
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Gang Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.,State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Guang-Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shu-Mei Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yan-Ping He
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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50
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Dawood RA, Avestro AJ. A new equilibrium for supramolecular chemists. Nat Chem 2021; 13:1164-1165. [PMID: 34811474 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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