1
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Makanai H, Mochizuki D, Nishihara T, Tanabe K. Hoechst modification by strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition for transport of functional molecules into the cell nucleus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024:129916. [PMID: 39116953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of functional molecules to the cell nucleus enables the visualization of nuclear function and the development of effective medical treatments. In this study, we successfully modified the Hoechst molecule, which is a well-documented nuclear-staining agent, using the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) reaction. We prepared Hoechst derivatives bearing an azide group (Hoe-N3) and characterized their SPAAC reactions in the presence of corresponding molecules with a dibenzylcyclooctyne unit (DBCO). The SPAAC reaction of Hoe-N3 with alkylamine bearing DBCO, fluorescent TAMRA, or Cy5 molecules bearing DBCO led to the formation of the coupling products Hoe-Amine, Hoe-TAMRA, and Hoe-Cy5, respectively. These Hoechst derivatives retained their DNA-binding properties. In addition, Hoe-TAMRA and Hoe-Cy5 exhibited properties of dual accumulation in the cell nucleus and mitochondria. Initial incubation of these molecules in living cells resulted in its accumulation in mitochondria, while after mitochondrial depolarization, it was smoothly released from mitochondria and translocated into the cell nucleus. Thus, mitochondrial depolarization could be monitored by measuring the emission of Hoe-TAMRA and Hoe-Cy5 at the cell nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Makanai
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mochizuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Tanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara 252-5258, Japan.
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2
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Li T, Jiang S, Li T, Xu H, Zhang X, Yan R, Wu X, Jin Y, Wang Z. Exploring the Potential of Cyclic Peptidyl Antitumor Agents Derived from Natural Macrocyclic Peptide Phakellistatin 13. J Med Chem 2024; 67:11789-11813. [PMID: 38990190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of novel anticancer compounds based on natural cyclopeptides has emerged as a pivotal paradigm in the contemporary advancement of macrocyclic pharmaceuticals. Phakellistatin 13 is a cycloheptapeptide derived from the brown snubby sponge and exhibits remarkable antitumor activity. In this study, we have designed and synthesized a series of chiral cyclopeptides incorporating the rigid isoindolinone moiety at various sites within the natural cycloheptapeptide Phakellistatin 13, with the aim of investigating conformationally constrained cyclopeptides as potential antitumor agents. Cyclopeptide 3, comprising alternating l-/d-amino acid residues, exhibited promising antihepatocellular carcinoma effects. Detailed biological experiments have revealed that Phakellistatin 13 analogs effectively inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis and autophagy, while also causing cell cycle arrest through the modulation of the p53 and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. This study not only provides valuable insights into chemical structural modifications but also contributes to a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the development of natural cyclopeptide-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Shitian Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Hongyu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Xiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yingxue Jin
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
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3
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Su H, Rong G, Li L, Cheng Y. Subcellular targeting strategies for protein and peptide delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 212:115387. [PMID: 38964543 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Cytosolic delivery of proteins and peptides provides opportunities for effective disease treatment, as they can specifically modulate intracellular processes. However, most of protein-based therapeutics only have extracellular targets and are cell-membrane impermeable due to relatively large size and hydrophilicity. The use of organelle-targeting strategy offers great potential to overcome extracellular and cell membrane barriers, and enables localization of protein and peptide therapeutics in the organelles. Although progresses have been made in the recent years, organelle-targeted protein and peptide delivery is still challenging and under exploration. We reviewed recent advances in subcellular targeted delivery of proteins/peptides with a focus on targeting mechanisms and strategies, and highlight recent examples of active and passive organelle-specific protein and peptide delivery systems. This emerging platform could open a new avenue to develop more effective protein and peptide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Guangyu Rong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shanghai Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Longjie Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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4
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Wang R, Ma D, Kong X, Peng F, Cao X, Zhao Y, Lu C, Shi W. Metastable Supramolecular Assembly of Simple Monomers Enabled by Confinement: Towards Aqueous Phase Room Temperature Phosphorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202409162. [PMID: 38860443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202409162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The application of supramolecular assembly (SA) with room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in aqueous phase has the potential to revolutionize numerous fields. However, using simple molecules with crystalline RTP to construct SA with aqueous phase RTP is hardly possible from the standpoint of forces. The reason lies in that the transition from crystal to SA involves a structure transformation from highly stable to more dynamic state, leading to increased non-radiative deactivation pathways and silent RTP signal. Here, with the benefit of the confinement from the layered double hydroxide (LDH), various simple molecules (benzene derivatives) can successfully form metastable SA with aqueous phase RTP. The maximum of RTP lifetime and efficiency can reach 654.87 ms and 5.02 %, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal the LDH energy trap can strengthen the intermolecular interaction, providing the prerequisite for the existence of metastable SA and appearance of aqueous phase RTP. The universality of this strategy will usher exploration into other multifunctional monomer, facilitating the development of SAs with aqueous phase RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Da Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Feifei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wenying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 Beisanhuan East Road, P. Box 98, 100029, Beijing, P. R. China
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5
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Hernández-Juárez C, Calahorra M, Peña A, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Fluorescent Probe as Dual-Organelle Localizer Through Differential Proton Gradients Between Lipid Droplets and Mitochondria. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9262-9269. [PMID: 38760019 PMCID: PMC11154735 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Dual-organelle molecular localizers represent powerful new tools allowing the exploration of interorganelle physical contacts and subcellular chemical communication. Here, we describe new dynamic molecular probes to localize mitochondria and lipid droplets taking advantage of the differential proton gradients present in these organelles as well as the activity of mitochondrial esterase. We unveil their potential utility when organelle retention mechanisms and proton gradients are synchronized, an insight that has not been documented previously. Our discoveries indicate that dual-organelle probes serve as a valuable multiplexing assay during starvation-induced autophagy. The pioneering molecular mechanism they employ opens doors to avoid using labile esters such as acetoxymethyl derivatives which are not optimal in imaging microscopy assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Hernández-Juárez
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Martha Calahorra
- Instituto
de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Antonio Peña
- Instituto
de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma
de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, México
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6
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Polajžer T, Peng W, Yao C, Miklavčič D. Changes in Mitochondrial Membrane Potential in In Vitro Electroporation with Nano- and Microsecond Pulses. Bioelectricity 2024; 6:97-107. [PMID: 39119574 PMCID: PMC11305006 DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2024.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
With the introduction of nanosecond (ns) pulses, it was suggested that such pulses could be used to permeabilize intracellular membranes, including the mitochondrial membrane. The results presented thus far, however, are not conclusive. Interestingly, the effect of longer microsecond (μs) pulses on changes in mitochondria has never been investigated. We, therefore, investigated the changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability through changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in CHO and H9c2 cells after electroporation with 4 ns, 200 ns, and 100 μs pulses. In the range of reversible electroporation, the decrease in MMP generally depended on the cell line. In CHO, ns pulses decreased MMP at lower electroporation intensities than μs. In H9c2, ns and μs were equally effective. In the range of irreversible electroporation, MMP decreased even further, regardless of pulse duration and cell type. The analysis at different time points showed that the changes in MMP within the first hour after pulse treatment are dynamic. Our results on the efficacy of ns pulses are consistent with published data, but with this study we show that μs pulses cause similar changes in MMP as ns pulses, demonstrating that electroporation affects MMP regardless of pulse duration. At the same time, however, differences in MMP changes were observed between different cell lines, indicating some dependence of MMP changes on cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Polajžer
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Wencheng Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, Republic of China
| | - Chenguo Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, Republic of China
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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7
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Ordóñez-Hernández J, Ceballos-Ávila D, Real FH, Tovar-Y-Romo LB, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Exploring mitochondrial targeting: an innovative fluorescent probe reveals Nernstian potential and partitioning combination. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5062-5065. [PMID: 38634835 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces a paradigm-shifting approach to optimize mitochondrial targeting. Employing a new fluorescent probe strategy, we unravel a combined influence of both Nernst potential (Ψ) and partitioning (P) contributions. Through the synthesis of new benz[e]indolinium-derived probes, our findings redefine the landscape of mitochondrial localization by optimizing the efficacy of mitochondrial probe retention in primary cortical neurons undergoing normoxia and oxygen-glucose deprivation. This methodology not only advances our understanding of subcellular dynamics, but also holds promise for transformative applications in biomedical research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Ordóñez-Hernández
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Daniela Ceballos-Ávila
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Fernando H Real
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Luis B Tovar-Y-Romo
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n. Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
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8
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Long X, Liu M, Nan Y, Chen Q, Xiao Z, Xiang Y, Ying X, Sun J, Huang Q, Ai K. Revitalizing Ancient Mitochondria with Nano-Strategies: Mitochondria-Remedying Nanodrugs Concentrate on Disease Control. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308239. [PMID: 38224339 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, widely known as the energy factories of eukaryotic cells, have a myriad of vital functions across diverse cellular processes. Dysfunctions within mitochondria serve as catalysts for various diseases, prompting widespread cellular demise. Mounting research on remedying damaged mitochondria indicates that mitochondria constitute a valuable target for therapeutic intervention against diseases. But the less clinical practice and lower recovery rate imply the limitation of traditional drugs, which need a further breakthrough. Nanotechnology has approached favorable regiospecific biodistribution and high efficacy by capitalizing on excellent nanomaterials and targeting drug delivery. Mitochondria-remedying nanodrugs have achieved ideal therapeutic effects. This review elucidates the significance of mitochondria in various cells and organs, while also compiling mortality data for related diseases. Correspondingly, nanodrug-mediate therapeutic strategies and applicable mitochondria-remedying nanodrugs in disease are detailed, with a full understanding of the roles of mitochondria dysfunction and the advantages of nanodrugs. In addition, the future challenges and directions are widely discussed. In conclusion, this review provides comprehensive insights into the design and development of mitochondria-remedying nanodrugs, aiming to help scientists who desire to extend their research fields and engage in this interdisciplinary subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Long
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Yayun Nan
- Geriatric Medical Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750002, P. R. China
| | - Qiaohui Chen
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Zuoxiu Xiao
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Xiang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Ying
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830017, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Kelong Ai
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Aging-related Bone and Joint Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
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9
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Pegoraro C, Domingo-Ortí I, Conejos-Sánchez I, Vicent MJ. Unlocking the Mitochondria for Nanomedicine-based Treatments: Overcoming Biological Barriers, Improving Designs, and Selecting Verification Techniques. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115195. [PMID: 38325562 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced targeting approaches will support the treatment of diseases associated with dysfunctional mitochondria, which play critical roles in energy generation and cell survival. Obstacles to mitochondria-specific targeting include the presence of distinct biological barriers and the need to pass through (or avoid) various cell internalization mechanisms. A range of studies have reported the design of mitochondrially-targeted nanomedicines that navigate the complex routes required to influence mitochondrial function; nonetheless, a significant journey lies ahead before mitochondrially-targeted nanomedicines become suitable for clinical use. Moving swiftly forward will require safety studies, in vivo assays confirming effectiveness, and methodologies to validate mitochondria-targeted nanomedicines' subcellular location/activity. From a nanomedicine standpoint, we describe the biological routes involved (from administration to arrival within the mitochondria), the features influencing rational design, and the techniques used to identify/validate successful targeting. Overall, rationally-designed mitochondria-targeted-based nanomedicines hold great promise for precise subcellular therapeutic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Pegoraro
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inés Domingo-Ortí
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Conejos-Sánchez
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
| | - María J Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory and CIBERONC, Príncipe Felipe Research Center, Av. Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, E-46012 Valencia, Spain.
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10
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Ji SH, Kim HB, Song Y, Chung HW, Lee DH, Jung C, Ko Y, Han SJ. Identification of 3,4-dihydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one scaffolds as potent Lck inhibitors as anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 102:129645. [PMID: 38316368 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (Lck) plays vital roles in the T-cell receptor- mediated development, function, and differentiation of T-cells. Given its substantial involvement in T cell signaling, irregularities in the expression and functionality of Lck may lead to various diseases, including cancer. In this study, we found that compound 12a exerted significant inhibitory potency against Lck with an IC50 value of 10.6 nM. In addition, 12a demonstrated high efficacy in various colon cancer cell lines as indicated by GI50 values ranging from 0.24 to 1.26 μM. Notably, 12a inhibited the phosphorylation of Lck in Colo201 cells. Overall, the anti-proliferative effects of 12a on diverse cancer cell lines highlights its potential application for the treatment of various cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Ji
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom Ro, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom Ro, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonju Song
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Won Chung
- Computational Science Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck-Hyung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom Ro, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheulhee Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonjin Ko
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seo-Jung Han
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5 Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Castillo-Velasquez C, Matamala E, Becerra D, Orio P, Brauchi SE. Optical recordings of organellar membrane potentials and the components of membrane conductance in lysosomes. J Physiol 2024; 602:1637-1654. [PMID: 38625711 DOI: 10.1113/jp283825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The eukaryotic cell is highly compartmentalized with organelles. Owing to their function in transporting metabolites, metabolic intermediates and byproducts of metabolic activity, organelles are important players in the orchestration of cellular function. Recent advances in optical methods for interrogating the different aspects of organellar activity promise to revolutionize our ability to dissect cellular processes with unprecedented detail. The transport activity of organelles is usually coupled to the transport of charged species; therefore, it is not only associated with the metabolic landscape but also entangled with membrane potentials. In this context, the targeted expression of fluorescent probes for interrogating organellar membrane potential (Ψorg) emerges as a powerful approach, offering less-invasive conditions and technical simplicity to interrogate cellular signalling and metabolism. Different research groups have made remarkable progress in adapting a variety of optical methods for measuring and monitoring Ψorg. These approaches include using potentiometric dyes, genetically encoded voltage indicators, hybrid fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensors and photoinduced electron transfer systems. These studies have provided consistent values for the resting potential of single-membrane organelles, such as lysosomes, the Golgi and the endoplasmic reticulum. We can foresee the use of dynamic measurements of Ψorg to study fundamental problems in organellar physiology that are linked to serious cellular disorders. Here, we present an overview of the available techniques, a survey of the resting membrane potential of internal membranes and, finally, an open-source mathematical model useful to interpret and interrogate membrane-bound structures of small volume by using the lysosome as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Castillo-Velasquez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ella Matamala
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Valdivia, Chile
| | - Diego Becerra
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Patricio Orio
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Sebastian E Brauchi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus of Ion Channel-Associated Diseases (MiNICAD), Valdivia, Chile
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12
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Lam CK, Fung LY, Wang Y. Orientation and Membrane Partition Free Energy of PeT-Based Voltage-Sensitive Dyes from Molecular Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2734-2744. [PMID: 38459942 PMCID: PMC10961725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c08090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Voltage measurement via small-molecule fluorescent indicators is a valuable approach in deciphering complex dynamics in electrically excitable cells. However, our understanding of various physicochemical properties governing the performance of fluorescent voltage sensors based on the photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) mechanism remains incomplete. Here, through extensive molecular dynamics and free energy calculations, we systematically examine the orientation and membrane partition of three PeT-based voltage-sensing VoltageFluor (VF) dyes in different lipid environment. We show that the symmetry of the molecular scaffold and the net charge of the hydrophilic headgroup of a given VF dye dominate its orientation and membrane partition, respectively. Our work provides a mechanistic understanding of the physical properties contributing to the voltage sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, as well as membrane distribution of VF dyes and sheds light onto rational design principles of PeT-based fluorescent probes in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Kei Lam
- Department of Physics, The
Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lap Yan Fung
- Department of Physics, The
Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Physics, The
Chinese University
of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Peng F, Ai X, Sun J, Yang L, Gao B. Recent advances in FRET probes for mitochondrial imaging and sensing. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2994-3007. [PMID: 38381520 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00018h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as essential organelles in cells, play a crucial role in cellular growth and apoptosis. Monitoring mitochondria is of great importance, as mitochondrial dysfunction is often considered a hallmark event of cell apoptosis. Traditional fluorescence probes used for mitochondrial imaging and sensing are mostly intensity-based and are susceptible to factors such as concentration, the probe environment, and fluorescence intensity. Probes based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) can effectively overcome external interference and achieve high-contrast imaging of mitochondria as well as quantitative monitoring of mitochondrial microenvironments. This review focuses on recent advances in the application of FRET-based probes for mitochondrial structure imaging and microenvironment sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Xiangnan Ai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Linshuai Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
| | - Baoxiang Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei, China
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14
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Ma J, Sun R, Xia K, Xia Q, Liu Y, Zhang X. Design and Application of Fluorescent Probes to Detect Cellular Physical Microenvironments. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1738-1861. [PMID: 38354333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The microenvironment is indispensable for functionality of various biomacromolecules, subcellular compartments, living cells, and organisms. In particular, physical properties within the biological microenvironment could exert profound effects on both the cellular physiology and pathology, with parameters including the polarity, viscosity, pH, and other relevant factors. There is a significant demand to directly visualize and quantitatively measure the fluctuation in the cellular microenvironment with spatiotemporal resolution. To satisfy this need, analytical methods based on fluorescence probes offer great opportunities due to the facile, sensitive, and dynamic detection that these molecules could enable in varying biological settings from in vitro samples to live animal models. Herein, we focus on various types of small molecule fluorescent probes for the detection and measurement of physical parameters of the microenvironment, including pH, polarity, viscosity, mechanical force, temperature, and electron potential. For each parameter, we primarily describe the chemical mechanisms underlying how physical properties are correlated with changes of various fluorescent signals. This review provides both an overview and a perspective for the development of small molecule fluorescent probes to visualize the dynamic changes in the cellular environment, to expand the knowledge for biological process, and to enrich diagnostic tools for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaifu Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuxuan Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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15
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Chan SJW, Zhu JY, Mia Soh WW, Bazan GC. Real-Time Monitoring of Mitochondrial Damage Using Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:660-667. [PMID: 38131111 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) comprise a class of fluorescent reporters with tunable optical properties and lipid bilayer affinity. These molecules have proven effective in a range of bioimaging applications; however, their use in characterizing specific subcellular structures remains restricted. Such capabilities would broaden COE applications to understand cellular dysfunction, cell communication, and the targets of different pharmaceutical agents. Here, we disclose a novel COE derivative, COE-CN, which enables the visualization of mitochondria, including morphological changes and lysosomal fusion upon treatment with depolarizing agents. COE-CN is characterized by the presence of imidazolium solubilizing groups and an optically active cyanovinyl-linked distyrylbenzene core with intramolecular charge-transfer characteristics. Our current understanding is that the relatively shorter molecular length of COE-CN leads to weaker binding within lipid bilayer membranes, which allows sampling of internal cellular structures and ultimately to different localization relative to elongated COEs. As a means of practical demonstration, COE-CN can be used to diagnose cells with damaged mitochondria via flow cytometry. Coupled with an elongated COE that does not translocate upon depolarization, changes in ratiometric fluorescence intensity can be used to monitor mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, demonstrating the potential for use in diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J W Chan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Ji-Yu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wilson Wee Mia Soh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore
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16
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Yao J, Zhi H, Shi Q, Zhang Y, Feng J, Liu J, Huang H, Xie X. Tannic Acid Interfacial Modification of Prochloraz Ethyl Cellulose Nanoparticles for Enhancing the Antimicrobial Effect and Biosafety of Fungicides. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:41324-41336. [PMID: 37602737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
With the poorly soluble and intrinsically unstable feature, prochloraz (Pro) was confronted with lower bioavailability in the crop defense against fungal erosion. Therefore, it was a challenging project to explore the innovative antifungal compound delivery system for improving bioavailability. The superior adhesive fungicide formulation was supposed to be an efficient pathway to enhance transmembrane permeability and biological activity. According to abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups, tannic acid (TA) was an ideal modified adhesive biomaterial to improve interfacial interactions. The fundamental purpose of this research was focused on the synergistic mechanism of TA-interfacial-modified Pro-ethyl cellulose (EC) nanoparticles for improving bioavailability and biosafety. In the stability test, TA-modified Pro-EC nanoparticles had the capacity to reduce Pro initial release burst, extending a persistent validity and improving anti-photodegradation property. The toxicity index of Pro-EC and Pro-EC-TA was approximately 2.93-fold and 4.96-fold that of Pro technical against Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum), respectively. Compared with nonmodified EC nanoparticles, TA-modified EC nanoparticles obtained eminent transmembrane permeability and superior adherence ability to F. graminearum, for hydroxyl and carboxyl groups of TA to enhance interaction with target cell membranes. The contents of cellular reactive oxygen species induced by Pro-EC and Pro-EC-TA nanoparticles were about 2.31 times and 3.00 times that of the control check (CK), respectively. Compared to the CK group, the membrane potential and ergosterol values of F. graminearum treated with Pro-EC-TA nanoparticles were drastically reduced by 74.91 and 56.20%, respectively. In the biosafety assay, the maximum half-lethal concentration value of the TA-modified Pro-EC nanoparticles indicated that the acute toxicity of the Pro-EC-TA nanoparticles to adult zebrafish was approximately 8.34-fold reduced compared to that of the Pro technical. These findings demonstrated that the successful interfacial modification of Pro-EC nanoparticles with TA was a highly efficient, environmentally safe, and promising alternative for sustainable agricultural application, thus making the fungicide formulation process more simplified, easier fabrication, and lower cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhi
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiome (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
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17
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Zhang H, Zhang H, Wang J, Fan L, Mu W, Jin Y, Wang Z. Small-molecular cyclic peptide exerts viability suppression effects on HepG2 cells via triggering p53 apoptotic pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110633. [PMID: 37451662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides have become an attractive modality for drug development due to their high specificity, metabolic stability and higher cell permeability. In an effort to explore novel antitumor compounds based on natural cyclopeptide from the phakellistatin family, we found an isoindolinone-containing analog (S-PK6) of phakellistatin 6 capable of suppressing the viability and proliferation of HepG2 cells. The aim of the present study is to shed light on the mechanism of action of this novel compound. We have detected differences in gene expression before and after treatment with S-PK6 in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line by transcriptome sequencing. To further investigate biological effects, we have also extensively investigated the tumor cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, and intracellular Ca2+ concentration after S-PK6 treatment. Based on the finding that the apoptosis was associated with the p53 signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, western blotting tests were used to assess the expression level of p53 protein and its degenerative regulator MDM2 protein, which showed that S-PK6 could increase p53 levels efficiently. In summary, our results demonstrate the mechanism of action of a small-molecule cyclopeptide, which could be very useful for examining of the possible mechanisms of natural cyclopeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Huanli Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Jingchun Wang
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Medicine and Drug Research, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Weijie Mu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China.
| | - Yingxue Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China; Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China.
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18
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Hernández-Juárez C, Morales-Villafaña G, López-Casillas F, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Fluorescent Probe for in Vivo Partitioning into Dynamic Lipid Droplets Enables Monitoring of Water Permeability-Induced Edema. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3076-3085. [PMID: 37477354 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles found in most cell types from adipocytes to cancer cells. Although recent investigations have implicated LDs in numerous diseases, the current available methods to monitor them in vertebrate models rely on static imaging using fluorescent dyes, limiting the investigation of their rapid in vivo dynamics. Here, we report a fluorophore chemistry approach to enable in vivo LD dynamic monitoring using a Nernstian partitioning mechanism. Interestingly, the effect of atorvastatin and osmotic treatments toward LDs revealed an unprecedented dynamic enhancement. Then, using a designed molecular probe with an optimized response to hydration and LD dynamics applied to Zebrafish developing pericardial and yolk-sac edema, which represents a tractable model of a human cardiovascular disease, we also provide a unique dual method to detect disease evolution and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Hernández-Juárez
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory (BioChela) at Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria. Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Morales-Villafaña
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology at Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Fernando López-Casillas
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology at Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory (BioChela) at Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria. Circuito Exterior s/n, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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19
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Gooz M, Maldonado EN. Fluorescence microscopy imaging of mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1152553. [PMID: 37427141 PMCID: PMC10326048 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1152553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism is an important contributor to cancer cell survival and proliferation that coexists with enhanced glycolytic activity. Measuring mitochondrial activity is useful to characterize cancer metabolism patterns, to identify metabolic vulnerabilities and to identify new drug targets. Optical imaging, especially fluorescent microscopy, is one of the most valuable tools for studying mitochondrial bioenergetics because it provides semiquantitative and quantitative readouts as well as spatiotemporal resolution of mitochondrial metabolism. This review aims to acquaint the reader with microscopy imaging techniques currently used to determine mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are major readouts of mitochondrial metabolism. We describe features, advantages, and limitations of the most used fluorescence imaging modalities: widefield, confocal and multiphoton microscopy, and fluorescent lifetime imaging (FLIM). We also discus relevant aspects of image processing. We briefly describe the role and production of NADH, NADHP, flavins and various ROS including superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and discuss how these parameters can be analyzed by fluorescent microscopy. We also explain the importance, value, and limitations of label-free autofluorescence imaging of NAD(P)H and FAD. Practical hints for the use of fluorescent probes and newly developed sensors for imaging ΔΨm, ATP and ROS are described. Overall, we provide updated information about the use of microscopy to study cancer metabolism that will be of interest to all investigators regardless of their level of expertise in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gooz
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Eduardo N. Maldonado
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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20
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Begum HM, Shen K. Intracellular and microenvironmental regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1595. [PMID: 36597256 PMCID: PMC10176868 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells have an abnormally high mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ), which is associated with enhanced invasive properties in vitro and increased metastases in vivo. The mechanisms underlying the abnormal ΔΨm in cancer cells remain unclear. Research on different cell types has shown that ΔΨm is regulated by various intracellular mechanisms such as by mitochondrial inner and outer membrane ion transporters, cytoskeletal elements, and biochemical signaling pathways. On the other hand, the role of extrinsic, tumor microenvironment (TME) derived cues in regulating ΔΨm is not well defined. In this review, we first summarize the existing literature on intercellular mechanisms of ΔΨm regulation, with a focus on cancer cells. We then offer our perspective on the different ways through which the microenvironmental cues such as hypoxia and mechanical stresses may regulate cancer cell ΔΨm . This article is categorized under: Cancer > Environmental Factors Cancer > Biomedical Engineering Cancer > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hydari Masuma Begum
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Keyue Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- USC Stem Cell, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
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21
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Li C, Zong C, Liu Y, Liu Z, Wang KN, Yu X. Probing mitochondrial damage using a fluorescent probe with mitochondria-to-nucleolus translocation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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22
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Zhai R, Fang B, Lai Y, Peng B, Bai H, Liu X, Li L, Huang W. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes for mitochondrial nanoscale imaging. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:942-972. [PMID: 36514947 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are inextricably linked to the development of diseases and cell metabolism disorders. Super-resolution imaging (SRI) is crucial in enhancing our understanding of mitochondrial ultrafine structures and functions. In addition to high-precision instruments, super-resolution microscopy relies heavily on fluorescent materials with unique photophysical properties. Small-molecule fluorogenic probes (SMFPs) have excellent properties that make them ideal for mitochondrial SRI. This paper summarizes recent advances in the field of SMFPs, with a focus on the chemical and spectroscopic properties required for mitochondrial SRI. Finally, we discuss future challenges in this field, including the design principles of SMFPs and nanoscopic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxiu Zhai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bin Fang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Yaqi Lai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Bo Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Hua Bai
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Xiaowang Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Lin Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China. .,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
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23
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Klier PEZ, Roo R, Miller EW. Fluorescent indicators for imaging membrane potential of organelles. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 71:102203. [PMID: 36084425 PMCID: PMC10259174 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membrane potential is a key driver of the physiology of excitable cells like neurons and cardiomyocytes. Voltage-sensitive fluorescent indicators offer a powerful complement to traditional electrode-based approaches to measuring and monitoring membrane potential. Intracellular organelles can also generate membrane potential, yet the electrode- and fluorescent indicator-based approaches used for plasma membrane potential imaging are difficult to implement on intact organelles in their native environment. Here, we survey recent advances in developing and deploying voltage-sensitive fluorescent indicators to interrogate organelle membrane potential in intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel E Z Klier
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ryan Roo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Evan W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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24
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Ma T, Chen R, Lv N, Li Y, Yang ZR, Qin H, Li Z, Jiang H, Zhu J. Morphological Transformation and In Situ Polymerization of Caspase-3 Responsive Diacetylene-Containing Lipidated Peptide Amphiphile for Self-Amplified Cooperative Antitumor Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204759. [PMID: 36285744 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to artificially regulate cell behaviors, intracellular polymerization as an emerging chemical technique has attracted much attention. Yet, it is still a challenge to achieve effective intracellular polymerization to conquer tumors in the complex cellular environment. Herein, this work develops a tumor-targeting and caspase-3 responsive nanoparticle composed of a diacetylene-containing lipidated peptide amphiphile and mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer (C3), which undergoes nanoparticle-to-nanofiber transformation and efficient in situ polymerization triggered by photodynamic treatment and activation of caspase-3. The locational nanofibers on the mitochondria membranes lead to mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) burst and self-amplified circulation, offering persistent high oxidative stress to induce cell apoptosis. This study provides a strategy for greatly enhanced antitumor therapeutic efficacy through mtROS burst and self-amplified circulation induced by intracellular transformation and in situ polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Ma
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Niannian Lv
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yibin Li
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Yang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huimin Qin
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhong'an Li
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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25
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Design and synthesis of novel cyclopeptide p53-MDM2 inhibitors with isoindolinone as antitumor agent. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Bernal-Escalante J, Molina-Villa T, López-Casillas F, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Mitochondria-Assisted Photooxidation to Track Singlet Oxygen at Homeostatic Membrane Microviscosity. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2303-2311. [PMID: 35913393 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Using intracellular-controlled photochemistry to track dynamic organelle processes is gaining attention due to its broad applications. However, most of the employed molecular probes usually require toxic photosensitizers and complex bioanalytical protocols. Here, the synthesis and performance of two new subcellular probes (MitoT1 and MitoT2) are described. The probes undergo photooxidation in the damaged tissue of zebrafish, a model system for tissue regeneration studies. Using high-resolution confocal microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy, we combine the mentioned photoinduced interconversion at the homeostatic membrane viscosity to track singlet oxygen activity selectively. The continuous and real-time biosensing method reported here provides a new approach for simultaneously detecting endogenous singlet oxygen and viscosity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Bernal-Escalante
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory (BioChela) at Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, P.C. Ciudad Universitaria,, 04510 Ciudad de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Mexico
| | - Tonatiuh Molina-Villa
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology at Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, P.C., Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Mexico
| | - Fernando López-Casillas
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology at Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, P.C., Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Mexico
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory (BioChela) at Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, P.C. Ciudad Universitaria,, 04510 Ciudad de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Mexico
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27
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Yin Y, Shen H. Common methods in mitochondrial research (Review). Int J Mol Med 2022; 50:126. [PMID: 36004457 PMCID: PMC9448300 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyuan Yin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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28
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Liu M, Zhang J, Chen Z. Emerging Trends in Fluorescence Bioimaging of Divalent Metal Cations Using Small‐Molecule Indicators. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200587. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiao Liu
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University 100871 Beijing China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University 100871 Beijing China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University 100871 Beijing China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University 100871 Beijing China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University 100871 Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Peking University 100871 Beijing China
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29
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Zhang W, Lv Y, Song H, Huo F, Zhang Y, Yin C. Biological roles of sulfur dioxide and sulfite in the regulation of mitochondrial viscosity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8524-8527. [PMID: 35801539 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03420d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a NIR fluorescent probe has been developed for visualization of the roles of SO2/SO32- in mitochondrial viscosity. The results showed that SO32- would increase mitochondrial viscosity and decrease mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). However, increasing SO2 stimulation decreased mitochondrial viscosity and caused inconspicuous MMP changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Yunxia Lv
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hongjun Song
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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30
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McCann JT, Benlian BR, Yaeger-Weiss SK, Knudson IJ, He M, Miller EW. Flipping the Switch: Reverse-Demand Voltage-Sensitive Fluorophores. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13050-13054. [PMID: 35834763 PMCID: PMC9462387 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy with fluorescent reporters that respond to environmental cues is a powerful method for interrogating biochemistry and biophysics in living systems. Photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) is commonly used as a trigger to modulate fluorescence in response to changes in the biological environment. PeT-based indicators rely on PeT either into the excited state (acceptor PeT) or out of the excited state (donor PeT). Our group has been developing voltage-sensitive fluorophores (VF dyes) that respond to changes in biological membrane potential (Vm). We hypothesize that the mechanism of voltage sensitivity arises from acceptor PeT (a-PeT) from an electron-rich aniline-containing molecular wire into the excited-state fluorophore, resulting in decreased fluorescence at negative Vm. In this work, we reversed the direction of electron flow to access donor-excited PeT (d-PeT) VF dyes by introducing electron-withdrawing rather than electron-rich molecular wires. VF dyes containing electron-withdrawing groups show voltage-sensitive fluorescence, but with the opposite polarity: hyperpolarizing Vm now gives fluorescence increases. We used a combination of computation and experiment to design and synthesize five d-PeT VF targets, two of which are voltage-sensitive.
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31
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Klier PEZ, Gest AMM, Martin JG, Roo R, Navarro MX, Lesiak L, Deal PE, Dadina N, Tyson J, Schepartz A, Miller EW. Bioorthogonal, Fluorogenic Targeting of Voltage-Sensitive Fluorophores for Visualizing Membrane Potential Dynamics in Cellular Organelles. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12138-12146. [PMID: 35776693 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Electrical potential differences across lipid bilayers play foundational roles in cellular physiology. Plasma membrane voltage is the most widely studied; however, the bilayers of organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, nuclei, and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) also provide opportunities for ionic compartmentalization and the generation of transmembrane potentials. Unlike plasma membranes, organellar bilayers, cloistered within the cell, remain recalcitrant to traditional approaches like patch-clamp electrophysiology. To address the challenge of monitoring changes in organelle membrane potential, we describe the design, synthesis, and application of the LUnAR RhoVR (Ligation Unquenched for Activation and Redistribution Rhodamine-based Voltage Reporter) for optically monitoring membrane potential changes in the ER of living cells. We pair a tetrazine-quenched RhoVR for voltage sensing with a transcyclooctene (TCO)-conjugated ceramide (Cer-TCO) for targeting to the ER. Bright fluorescence is observed only at the coincidence of the LUnAR RhoVR and TCO in the ER, minimizing non-specific, off-target fluorescence. We show that the product of the LUnAR RhoVR and Cer-TCO is voltage-sensitive and that the LUnAR RhoVR can be targeted to an intact ER in living cells. Using the LUnAR RhoVR, we use two-color, ER-localized, fast voltage imaging coupled with cytosolic Ca2+ imaging to validate the electroneutrality of Ca2+ release from internal stores. Finally, we use the LUnAR RhoVR to directly visualize functional coupling between the plasma-ER membranes in patch clamped cell lines, providing the first direct evidence of the sign of the ER potential response to plasma membrane potential changes. We envision that the LUnAR RhoVR, along with other existing organelle-targeting TCO probes, could be applied widely for exploring organelle physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel E Z Klier
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Anneliese M M Gest
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Julia G Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ryan Roo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Marisol X Navarro
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lauren Lesiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Parker E Deal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Neville Dadina
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan Tyson
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alanna Schepartz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Evan W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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32
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Xiao S, Wang Z, Zhang H, Zhao L, Chang Q, Zhang X, Yan R, Wu X, Jin Y. Photoinduced Synthesis of Methylated Marine Cyclopeptide Galaxamide Analogs with Isoindolinone as Anticancer Agents. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060379. [PMID: 35736182 PMCID: PMC9227305 DOI: 10.3390/md20060379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylation of amino acid residues has played an important role in the biological function of bioactive peptides. In this paper, various methyl-modified and stereostructural-modified marine cyclopeptide galaxamide analogs with isoindolinone were synthesized by a photoinduced single electron transfer cyclization reaction. It was found that the single-methyl substitution was beneficial for the bioactivity of cyclic analogs with isoindolinone fragments, and the influence of methylation on bioactivity is uncertain and is sometimes case-specific. The compound with a single methyl group at Gly5 (compound 8) showed the strongest antiproliferative activity against HepG-2 cells. The tumor cell apoptosis, cell cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular Ca2+ concentration and lactate dehydrogenase activity have been studied extensively to evaluate the antitumor potential of compound 8. Western blotting tests showed that compound 8 could decrease the MDM2 level and increase p53 levels efficiently. Careful molecular docking suggested that cyclic peptide 8 could bind firmly with MDM2 oncoprotein, indicating that MDM2 may be a potential drug target of the prepared peptides.
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33
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Wang H, Sun Y, Lin X, Feng W, Li Z, Yu M. Multi-organelle-targeting pH-dependent NIR fluorescent probe for lysosomal viscosity. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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34
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Kramer RH, Miller EW, Abdelfattah A, Baker B. Fluorescent Reporters for Sensing Membrane Potential: Tools for Bioelectricity. Bioelectricity 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2022.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Richard H. Kramer
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Evan W. Miller
- Departments of Chemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdelfattah
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Bradley Baker
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea
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35
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Lin B, Liu Y, Zhang X, Fan L, Shu Y, Wang J. Membrane-Activated Fluorescent Probe for High-Fidelity Imaging of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential. ACS Sens 2021; 6:4009-4018. [PMID: 34757720 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is a key indicator of cell health or injury due to its vital roles in adenosine 5'-triphosphate synthesis. Thus, monitoring ΔΨm is of great significance for the assessment of cell status, diagnosis of diseases, and medicament screening. Cationic fluorescent probes suffer from severe photobleaching or false positive signals due to the luminescence of the probe on non-mitochondria. Herein, we report a lipophilic cationic fluorescent probe [1-methyl-2-(4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)styryl)-β-naphthothiazol-1-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate (TPE-NT)] with the features of aggregation-induced emission and intramolecular charge transfer for imaging ΔΨm in live cells. TPE-NT is enriched on the surface of the mitochondrial inner membrane due to the negative ΔΨm, and its fluorescence is activated in the high-viscosity microenvironment. The false positive signals of emission from TPE-NT on non-mitochondria are therefore effectively eliminated. Moreover, TPE-NT exhibits a Stokes shift of >200 nm, near-infrared (∼675 nm) emission, excellent photostability, and low cytotoxicity, which facilitate real-time imaging in live cells. Cell imaging confirmed that the probe can rapidly and reliably report mitochondrial depolarization (decrement of ΔΨm) during cell damage caused by CCCP and H2O2 as well as mitochondrial polarization (increment of ΔΨm) by oligomycin. Furthermore, the probe successfully detected the reduction of ΔΨm in these cell models of hypoxia, heat damage, acidification, aging, inflammation, mitophagy, and apoptosis caused by hypoxia, heatstroke, lactate/pyruvate, doxorubicin, lipopolysaccharide, rapamycin, monensin, and nystatin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Yunfan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yang Shu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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36
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Sirbu D, Zeng L, Waddell PG, Tkachenko NV, Botchway SW, Benniston AC. Voltage-induced fluorescence lifetime imaging of a BODIPY derivative in giant unilamellar vesicles as potential neuron membrane mimics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12631-12634. [PMID: 34761753 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03756k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) was used to study the behaviour of a BODIPY dye in a giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) in the presence of an electric field. The modulation of the electric field resulted in distinctive fluorescence lifetime changes in line with environment alterations within the membrane mimic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru Sirbu
- School of Mathematics, Statistics & Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Lingli Zeng
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Chemistry-School of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
| | - Paul G Waddell
- Crystallography Laboratory, Chemistry-School of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Nikolai V Tkachenko
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Stanley W Botchway
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Andrew C Benniston
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Chemistry-School of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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37
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Ji W, Tang X, Du W, Lu Y, Wang N, Wu Q, Wei W, Liu J, Yu H, Ma B, Li L, Huang W. Optical/electrochemical methods for detecting mitochondrial energy metabolism. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:71-127. [PMID: 34792041 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01610a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the biological importance of mitochondrial energy metabolism and the applications of multiple optical/electrochemical approaches to determine energy metabolites. Mitochondria, the main sites of oxidative phosphorylation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) biosynthesis, provide the majority of energy required by aerobic cells for maintaining their physiological activity. They also participate in cell growth, differentiation, information transmission, and apoptosis. Multiple mitochondrial diseases, caused by internal or external factors, including oxidative stress, intense fluctuations of the ionic concentration, abnormal oxidative phosphorylation, changes in electron transport chain complex enzymes and mutations in mitochondrial DNA, can occur during mitochondrial energy metabolism. Therefore, developing accurate, sensitive, and specific methods for the in vivo and in vitro detection of mitochondrial energy metabolites is of great importance. In this review, we summarise the mitochondrial structure, functions, and crucial energy metabolic signalling pathways. The mechanism and applications of different optical/electrochemical methods are thoroughly reviewed. Finally, future research directions and challenges are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Ji
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Xiao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Yao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Nanxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Haidong Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China. .,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China. .,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China.,The Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE, Future Technologies), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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38
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Liang Z, Sun Y, Duan R, Yang R, Qu L, Zhang K, Li Z. Low Polarity-Triggered Basic Hydrolysis of Coumarin as an AND Logic Gate for Broad-Spectrum Cancer Diagnosis. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12434-12440. [PMID: 34473470 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The ability to accurately diagnose cancer is the cornerstone of early cancer treatment. The mitochondria in cancer cells maintain a higher pH and lower polarity relative to that in normal cells. A probe that reports signals only when both conditions are met may provide a reliable method for cancer detection with reduced false positives. Here, we construct an AND logic gate fluorescent probe using mitochondrial microenvironments as inputs. Utilizing the hydrolysis of a coumarin scaffold, the probe generates fluorescence signals ("ON") only when high pH (>7.0) and low polarity conditions exist simultaneously. Additionally, the higher mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells provides an additional level of selectivity because probe has increased affinity for cancer cell mitochondria. These capabilities endow the probe with a high contrast fluorescence diagnosis ability of cancer at cellular and tissue levels (as high as 51.9 fold), which is far exceeding the clinic threshold of 2.0 fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengqiang Liang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuanqiang Sun
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruihong Duan
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ran Yang
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lingbo Qu
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterial and Medical Theranostic, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Hernández-Juárez C, Flores-Cruz R, Jiménez-Sánchez A. Fluorescent probe for early mitochondrial voltage dynamics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5526-5529. [PMID: 33956917 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01944a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial voltage dynamics plays a crucial role in cell healthy and disease. Here, a new fluorescent probe to monitor mitochondrial early voltage variations is described. The slowly permeant probe is retained in mitochondria during measurements to avoid interferences from natural membrane potential by incorporating an hydrolizable ester function. Voltage, local polarity, pH parameters and transmembrane dynamics were found to be deeply correlated opening a approach in mitochondrial sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia Hernández-Juárez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, De. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Flores-Cruz
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, De. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Arturo Jiménez-Sánchez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, De. Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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