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Lu X, Zhang K, Niu X, Ren DD, Zhou Z, Dang LL, Fu HR, Tan C, Ma L, Zang SQ. Encapsulation engineering of porous crystalline frameworks for delayed luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6694-6734. [PMID: 38747082 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01026k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Delayed luminescence (DF), including phosphorescence and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) exhibit common and broad application prospects in optoelectronic displays, biological imaging, and encryption. Thus, the combination of delayed luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence is attracting increasing attention. The encapsulation of guest emitters in various host matrices to form host-guest systems has been demonstrated to be an appealing strategy to further enhance and/or modulate their delayed luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence. Compared with conventional liquid crystals, polymers, and supramolecular matrices, porous crystalline frameworks (PCFs) including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), zeolites and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) can not only overcome shortcomings such as flexibility and disorder but also achieve the ordered encapsulation of guests and long-term stability of chiral structures, providing new promising host platforms for the development of DF and CPL. In this review, we provide a comprehensive and critical summary of the recent progress in host-guest photochemistry via the encapsulation engineering of guest emitters in PCFs, particularly focusing on delayed luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence. Initially, the general principle of phosphorescence, TADF and CPL, the combination of DF and CPL, and energy transfer processes between host and guests are introduced. Subsequently, we comprehensively discuss the critical factors affecting the encapsulation engineering of guest emitters in PCFs, such as pore structures, the confinement effect, charge and energy transfer between the host and guest, conformational dynamics, and aggregation model of guest emitters. Thereafter, we summarize the effective methods for the preparation of host-guest systems, especially single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SC-SC) transformation and epitaxial growth, which are distinct from conventional methods based on amorphous materials. Then, the recent advancements in host-guest systems based on PCFs for delayed luminescence and circularly polarized luminescence are highlighted. Finally, we present our personal insights into the challenges and future opportunities in this promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Xinkai Niu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials and Technology, College of Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Ren
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Long Dang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Ru Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Chaoliang Tan
- Department Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, P. R. China.
| | - Lufang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang-Quan Zang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China.
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2
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Zhao W, Wang L, Zhang M, Liu Z, Wu C, Pan X, Huang Z, Lu C, Quan G. Photodynamic therapy for cancer: mechanisms, photosensitizers, nanocarriers, and clinical studies. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e603. [PMID: 38911063 PMCID: PMC11193138 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a temporally and spatially precisely controllable, noninvasive, and potentially highly efficient method of phototherapy. The three components of PDT primarily include photosensitizers, oxygen, and light. PDT employs specific wavelengths of light to active photosensitizers at the tumor site, generating reactive oxygen species that are fatal to tumor cells. Nevertheless, traditional photosensitizers have disadvantages such as poor water solubility, severe oxygen-dependency, and low targetability, and the light is difficult to penetrate the deep tumor tissue, which remains the toughest task in the application of PDT in the clinic. Here, we systematically summarize the development and the molecular mechanisms of photosensitizers, and the challenges of PDT in tumor management, highlighting the advantages of nanocarriers-based PDT against cancer. The development of third generation photosensitizers has opened up new horizons in PDT, and the cooperation between nanocarriers and PDT has attained satisfactory achievements. Finally, the clinical studies of PDT are discussed. Overall, we present an overview and our perspective of PDT in the field of tumor management, and we believe this work will provide a new insight into tumor-based PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Meihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhiqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guilan Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability AssessmentJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of PharmacyJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
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3
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Yang YD, Zhang Q, Khrouz L, Chau CV, Yang J, Wang Y, Bucher C, Henkelman G, Gong HY, Sessler JL. Chemically Mediated Artificial Electron Transport Chain. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1148-1155. [PMID: 38947209 PMCID: PMC11212131 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Electron transport chains (ETCs) are ubiquitous in nearly all living systems. Replicating the complexity and control inherent in these multicomponent systems using ensembles of small molecules opens up promising avenues for molecular therapeutics, catalyst design, and the development of innovative energy conversion and storage systems. Here, we present a noncovalent, multistep artificial electron transport chains comprising cyclo[8]pyrrole (1), a meso-aryl hexaphyrin(1.0.1.0.1.0) (naphthorosarin 2), and the small molecules I2 and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Specifically, we show that 1) electron transfer occurs from 1 to give I3 - upon the addition of I2, 2) proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) from 1 to give H 3 2 •2+ and H 3 2 + upon the addition of TFA to a dichloromethane mixture of 1 and 2, and 3) that further, stepwise treatment of 1 and 2 with I2 and TFA promotes electron transport from 1 to give first I3 - and then H 3 2 •2+ and H 3 2 + . The present findings are substantiated through UV-vis-NIR, 1H NMR, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analyses, cyclic voltammetry studies, and DFT calculations. Single-crystal structure analyses were used to characterize compounds in varying redox states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Lhoussain Khrouz
- ENSL,
CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Calvin V. Chau
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Christophe Bucher
- ENSL,
CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie UMR 5182, Laboratoire de Chimie, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Graeme Henkelman
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
| | - Han-Yuan Gong
- College
of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, XinJieKouWai St, HaiDian
District, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at
Austin, 105 East 24th Street, Stop A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
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4
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Xu Z, Chen L, Luo Y, Wei YM, Wu NY, Luo LF, Wei YB, Huang J. Advances in metal-organic framework-based nanozymes in ROS scavenging medicine. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:362006. [PMID: 38865988 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in regulating various physiological functions in the human body, however, excessive ROS can cause serious damage to the human body, considering the various limitations of natural enzymes as scavengers of ROS in the body, the development of better materials for the scavenging of ROS is of great significance to the biomedical field, and nanozymes, as a kind of nanomaterials which can show the activity of natural enzymes. Have a good potential for the development in the area of ROS scavenging. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are porous crystalline materials with a periodic network structure composed of metal nodes and organic ligands, have been developed with a variety of active nanozymes including catalase-like, superoxide dismutase-like, and glutathione peroxidase-like enzymes due to the adjustability of active sites, structural diversity, excellent biocompatibility, and they have shown a wide range of applications and prospects. In the present review, we first introduce three representative natural enzymes for ROS scavenging in the human body, methods for the detection of relevant enzyme-like activities and mechanisms of enzyme-like clearance are discussed, meanwhile, we systematically summarize the progress of the research on MOF-based nanozymes, including the design strategy, mechanism of action, and medical application, etc. Finally, the current challenges of MOF-based nanozymes are summarized, and the future development direction is anticipated. We hope that this review can contribute to the research of MOF-based nanozymes in the medical field related to the scavenging of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Xu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Luo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Mei Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning-Yuan Wu
- Guangxi Medical University Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Fang Luo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Biao Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
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5
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Hu T, Yue Z, Wang Y, Yu Y, Chang Y, Pei L, Chen W, Han P, Martens W, Waclawik ER, Wu H, Yong Zhu H, Jia J. Cu@CuO x/WO 3 with photo-regulated singlet oxygen and oxygen adatoms generation for selective photocatalytic aromatic amines to imines. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 663:632-643. [PMID: 38430833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.02.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysts can absorb light and activate molecular O2 under mild conditions, but the generation of unsuitable reactive oxygen species often limits their use in synthesizing fine chemicals. To address this issue, we disperse 1 wt% copper on tungsten trioxide (WO3) support to create an efficient catalyst for selective oxidative coupling of aromatic amines to imines under sunlight irradiation at room temperature. Copper consists of a metallic copper core and an oxide shell. Experimental and density functional theory calculations have confirmed that Cu2O is the primary activation site. Under λ < 475 nm, the light excites electrons of the valence bands in Cu2O and WO3, which activate O2 to superoxide radical •O2-. Then rapidly transforms into oxygen adatoms (•O) and oxygen anion radicals (•O-) species on the surface of Cu2O. Simultaneously, it is captured by holes in the WO3 valence band to generate singlet oxygen (1O2). •O bind to 1O2 promoting the coupling reaction of amines. When λ > 475 nm, intense light absorption due to the localized surface plasmon resonance excites numerous electrons in Cu to promote the oxidative coupling with the adsorbed O2. This study presents a promising approach towards the design of high-performance photocatalysts for solar energy conversion and environmentally-friendly oxidative organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Zhizhu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yonghe Yu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Yuhong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Linjuan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Pengfei Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Wayde Martens
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Eric R Waclawik
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - Haishun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Huai Yong Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.
| | - Jianfeng Jia
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials Ministry of Education, The School of Chemical and Material Science Shanxi Normal University Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
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6
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Rong M, Liu J, Lu L. Self-Assembly of 2D Polyphthalocyanine in Lysosome Enables Multienzyme Activity Enhancement to Induce Tumor Ferroptosis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400325. [PMID: 38364772 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes show great potential in facilitating tumor ferroptosis by upregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and downregulation of glutathione (GSH). However, mild acidity (pH 6.5-6.9) of tumor microenvironment severely restricts the activity of nanozymes. Although lysosomes as acidic organelles (pH = 3.5-5.5) are hopeful for improving enzyme-like activity, most reported nanozymes are not capable of effectively accumulating in the lysosomes. Herein, an acid-responsive self-assembly strategy based on iron phthalocyanine-rich covalent organic framework nanosheets (COFFePc NSs) is developed, which enables lysosomal targeting aggregation of COFFePc NSs due to the existence of abundant negative hydroxyl groups and rigid structure. Meanwhile, COFFePc NSs display exceptional multienzyme-mimic performance at lower pH to efficiently generate ROS to cause lysosome damage and apoptosis by synergistic photothermal effect. Subsequently, the released COFFePc with GSH oxidase-mimicking activity can consume GSH to promote ferroptosis. This is the first report of a 2D COF using its own properties to achieve lysosomal self-assembly. Overall, the work provides a new paradigm for the development of lysosome-targeted nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lehui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
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7
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Zeng F, Pan Y, Lu Q, Luan X, Qin S, Liu Y, Liu Z, Yang J, He B, Song Y. Self-Generating Gold Nanocatalysts in Autologous Tumor Cells for Targeted Catalytic Immunotherapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303683. [PMID: 38386961 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Employing tumor whole cells for tumor immunotherapy is a promising tumor therapy proposed in the early stage, but its therapeutic efficacy is weakened by the methods of eliminating pathogenicity and the mass ratio of the effective antigen carried by itself. Here, by adding gold ion to live cancer cells in the microfluidic droplets, this work obtains dead tumor whole cells with NIR-controlled catalytic ability whose pathogenicity is removed while plenary tumor antigens, major structure, and homing ability are reserved. The engineered tumor cell (Cell-Au) with the addition of prodrug provides 1O2 in an O2-free Russell mechanism, which serves better in a hypoxic tumor microenvironment. This tumor whole-cell catalytic vaccine (TWCV) promotes the activation of dendritic cells and the transformation of macrophages into tumor suppressor phenotype. In 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, the Cell-Au-based vaccine supports the polarization of cytotoxicity T cells, resulting in tumor eradication and long-term animal survival. Compared with antigen vaccines or adoptive cell therapy which takes months to obtain, this TWCV can be prepared in just a few days with satisfactory immune activation and tumor therapeutic efficacy, which provides an alternative way for the preparation of personalized tumor vaccines across tumor types and gives immunotherapy a new path.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zeng
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yongchun Pan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qianglan Lu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Luan
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shurong Qin
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuta Liu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bangshun He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yujun Song
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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8
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Li X, Liu Y, Wu L, Zhao J. Molecular Nanoarchitectonics of Natural Photosensitizers and Their Derivatives Nanostructures for Improved Photodynamic Therapy. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300599. [PMID: 38069595 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Natural photosensitizers (PSs) and their derivatives have drawn ever-increasing attention in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for their wild range of sources, desirable biocompatibility, and good photosensitivity. Nevertheless, many factors such as poor solubility, high body clearance rate, limited tumor targeting ability, and short excitation wavelengths severely hinder their applications in efficient PDT. In recent years, fabricating nanostructures by utilizing molecular assembly technique is proposed to solve these problems. This technique is easy to put into effect, and the assembled nanostructures could improve the physical properties of the PSs so as to meet the requirement of PDT. In this concept, we focus on the construction of natural PSs and their derivatives nanostructures through molecular assembly technique to enhance PDT efficacy (Figure 1). Furthermore, current challenges and future perspectives of natural PSs and their derivatives for efficient PDT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712046, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS, Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of Beijing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS, Key Lab of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
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9
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Singh N, Sen Gupta R, Bose S. A comprehensive review on singlet oxygen generation in nanomaterials and conjugated polymers for photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cancer. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:3243-3268. [PMID: 38265094 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05801h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
A key role in lessening humanity's continuous fight against cancer could be played by photodynamic therapy (PDT), a minimally invasive treatment employed in the medical care of a range of benign disorders and malignancies. Cancerous tissue can be effectively removed by using a light source-excited photosensitizer. Singlet oxygen and reactive oxygen species are produced via the photosensitizer as a result of this excitation. In the recent past, researchers have put in tremendous efforts towards developing photosensitizer molecules for photodynamic treatment (PDT) to treat cancer. Conjugated polymers, characterized by their efficient fluorescence, exceptional photostability, and strong light absorption, are currently under scrutiny for their potential applications in cancer detection and treatment through photodynamic and photothermal therapy. Researchers are exploring the versatility of these polymers, utilizing sophisticated chemical synthesis and adaptable polymer structures to create new variants with enhanced capabilities for generating singlet oxygen in photodynamic treatment (PDT). The incorporation of photosensitizers into conjugated polymer nanoparticles has proved to be beneficial, as it improves singlet oxygen formation through effective energy transfer. The evolution of nanotechnology has emerged as an alternative avenue for enhancing the performance of current photosensitizers and overcoming significant challenges in cancer PDT. Various materials, including biocompatible metals, polymers, carbon, silicon, and semiconductor-based nanomaterials, have undergone thorough investigation as potential photosensitizers for cancer PDT. This paper outlines the recent advances in singlet oxygen generation by investigators using an array of materials, including graphene quantum dots (GQDs), gold nanoparticles (Au NPs), silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), titanium dioxide (TiO2), ytterbium (Yb) and thulium (Tm) co-doped upconversion nanoparticle cores (Yb/Tm-co-doped UCNP cores), bismuth oxychloride nanoplates and nanosheets (BiOCl nanoplates and nanosheets), and others. It also stresses the synthesis and application of systems such as amphiphilic block copolymer functionalized with folic acid (FA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly(β-benzyl-L-aspartate) (PBLA10) (FA-PEG-PBLA10) functionalized with folic acid, tetra(4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (THPP-(PNIPAM-b-PMAGA)4), pyrazoline-fused axial silicon phthalocyanine (HY-SiPc), phthalocyanines (HY-ZnPcp, HY-ZnPcnp, and HY-SiPc), silver nanoparticles coated with polyaniline (Ag@PANI), doxorubicin (DOX) and infrared (IR)-responsive poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) (DOX/PEtOx-IR NPs), particularly in NIR imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (fluorescent and photoacoustic). The study puts forward a comprehensive summary and a convincing justification for the usage of the above-mentioned materials in cancer PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetika Singh
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560012, India.
| | - Ria Sen Gupta
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560012, India.
| | - Suryasarathi Bose
- Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka - 560012, India.
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10
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Li J, Wang Y, Tao J, Su X, Zhu F, Lu W, Han X, Dang M, Weng L. Mitochondria-Targeting and Oxygen Self-Supplying Eccentric Hollow Nanoplatform for Enhanced Breast Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2024; 2024:6618388. [PMID: 38333411 PMCID: PMC10853023 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6618388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has received increasing attention for tumor therapy due to its minimal invasiveness and spatiotemporal selectivity. However, the poor targeting of photosensitizer and hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment limit the PDT efficacy. Herein, eccentric hollow mesoporous organic silica nanoparticles (EHMONs) are prepared by anisotropic encapsulation and hydrothermal etching for constructing PDT nanoplatforms with targeting and hypoxia-alleviating properties. The prepared EHMONs possess a unique eccentric hollow structure, a uniform size (300 nm), a large cavity, and ordered mesoporous channels (2.3 nm). The EHMONs are modified with the mitochondria-targeting molecule triphenylphosphine (CTPP) and photosensitizers chlorin e6 (Ce6). Oxygen-carrying compound perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are further loaded in the internal cavity of EHMONs. Hemolytic assays and in vitro toxicity experiments show that the EHMONs-Ce6-CTPP possesses very good biocompatibility and can target mitochondria of triple-negative breast cancer, thus increasing the accumulation of photosensitizers Ce6 at mitochondria after entering cancer cells. The EHMONs-Ce6-CTPP@PFCs with oxygen-carrying ability can alleviate hypoxia after entering in the cancer cell. Phantom and cellular experiments show that the EHMONs-Ce6-CTPP@PFCs produce more singlet oxygen reactive oxygen species (ROSs). Thus, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the EHMONs-Ce6-CTPP@PFCs showed excellent treatment effects for triple-negative breast cancer. This research provides a new method for a targeting and oxygen-carrying nanoplatform for enhancing PDF effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaodan Su
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feipeng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaolin Han
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Dang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lixing Weng
- College of Geography and Biological Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China
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Liu D, Ma H, Zhu C, Qiu F, Yu W, Ma LL, Wei XW, Han YF, Yuan G. Molecular Co-Catalyst Confined within a Metallacage for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2275-2285. [PMID: 38215226 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
The construction of structurally well-defined supramolecular hosts to accommodate catalytically active species within a cavity is a promising way to address catalyst deactivation. The resulting supramolecular catalysts can significantly improve the utilization of catalytic sites, thereby achieving a highly efficient chemical conversion. In this study, the Co-metalated phthalocyanine (Pc-Co) was successfully confined within a tetragonal prismatic metallacage, leading to the formation of a distinctive type of supramolecular photocatalyst (Pc-Co@Cage). The host-guest architecture of Pc-Co@Cage was unambiguously elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), NMR, and ESI-TOF-MS, revealing that the single cobalt active site can be thoroughly isolated within the space-restricted microenvironment. In addition, we found that Pc-Co@Cage can serve as a homogeneous supramolecular photocatalyst that displays high CO2 to CO conversion in aqueous media under visible light irradiation. This supramolecular photocatalyst exhibits an obvious improvement in activity (TONCO = 4175) and selectivity (SelCO = 92%) relative to the nonconfined Pc-Co catalyst (TONCO = 500, SelCO = 54%). The present strategy provided a rare example for the construction of a highly active, selective, and stable photocatalyst for CO2 reduction through a cavity-confined molecular catalyst within a discrete metallacage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Huirong Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Fengyi Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Li-Li Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Wen Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Feng Han
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Guozan Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, P. R. China
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12
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Zhao L, Chen J, Bai B, Song G, Zhang J, Yu H, Huang S, Wang Z, Lu G. Topical drug delivery strategies for enhancing drug effectiveness by skin barriers, drug delivery systems and individualized dosing. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1333986. [PMID: 38293666 PMCID: PMC10825035 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1333986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Topical drug delivery is widely used in various diseases because of the advantages of not passing through the gastrointestinal tract, avoiding gastrointestinal irritation and hepatic first-pass effect, and reaching the lesion directly to reduce unnecessary adverse reactions. The skin helps the organism to defend itself against a huge majority of external aggressions and is one of the most important lines of defense of the body. However, the skin's strong barrier ability is also a huge obstacle to the effectiveness of topical medications. Allowing the bioactive, composition in a drug to pass through the stratum corneum barrier as needed to reach the target site is the most essential need for the bioactive, composition to exert its therapeutic effect. The state of the skin barrier, the choice of delivery system for the bioactive, composition, and individualized disease detection and dosing planning influence the effectiveness of topical medications. Nowadays, enhancing transdermal absorption of topically applied drugs is the hottest research area. However, enhancing transdermal absorption of drugs is not the first choice to improve the effectiveness of all drugs. Excessive transdermal absorption enhances topical drug accumulation at non-target sites and the occurrence of adverse reactions. This paper introduces topical drug delivery strategies to improve drug effectiveness from three perspectives: skin barrier, drug delivery system and individualized drug delivery, describes the current status and shortcomings of topical drug research, and provides new directions and ideas for topical drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bai Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guili Song
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Feng J, Li X, Xu T, Zhang X, Du X. Photothermal-driven micro/nanomotors: From structural design to potential applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 173:1-35. [PMID: 37967696 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) that accomplish autonomous movement by transforming external energy into mechanical work are attractive cargo delivery vehicles. Among various propulsion mechanisms of MNMs, photothermal propulsion has gained considerable attention because of their unique advantages, such as remote, flexible, accurate, biocompatible, short response time, etc. Moreover, besides as a propulsion source, the light has been extensively investigated as an excitation source in bioimaging, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and so on. Furthermore, the geometric topology and morphology of MNMs have a tremendous impact on improving their performance in motion behavior under NIR light propulsion, environmental suitability and functional versatility. Hence, this review article provides a comprehensive overview of structural design principles and construction strategies of photothermal-driven MNMs, and their emerging nanobiomedical applications. Finally, we further provide an outlook towards prospects and challenges during the development of photothermal-driven MNMs in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Photothermal-driven micro/nanomotors (MNMs) that are regarded as functional cargo delivery tools have gained considerable attention because of unique advantages in propulsion mechanisms, such as remote, flexible, accurate and fully biocompatible light manipulation and extremely short light response time. The geometric topology and morphology of MNMs have a tremendous impact on improving their performance in motion behavior under NIR light propulsion, environmental suitability and functional versatility of MNMs. There are no reports about the review focusing on photothermal-driven MNMs up to now. Herein, we systematically review the latest progress of photothermal-driven MNMs including design principle, fabrication strategy of various MNMs with different structures and nanobiomedical applications. Moreover, the summary and outlook on the development prospects and challenges of photothermal-driven MNMs are proposed, hoping to provide new ideas for the future design of photothermal-driven MNMs with efficient propulsion, multiple functions and high biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Department of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academic of Sciences, University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, China
| | - Tailin Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Department of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Department of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Department of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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14
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Chen J, Bai LQ, Dai YF, Deng LC, Wang Y, Zhang T, Chen KJ. Assembly of an iron-based complex into a metal-organic framework: a space confinement strategy for isolation of mono-iron complexes to protect from dimerization. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:18053-18060. [PMID: 37990915 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02558f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Non-heme mononuclear iron complexes, especially when supported by tripodal tetradentate ligands, show promising C-H bond activation efficiency in catalytic reactions. Nevertheless, they intrinsically decay readily to their dinuclear form, and the dimerization process is inevitable in homogenous solution, which dramatically hinders their further application. Hence, we demonstrate that the mononuclear iron complex [(TPA)FeII-2L]2+ (L = labile ligands, mainly solvent molecules) was successfully encapsulated in a highly robust metal-organic framework UiO-66 via a two-step "ship-in-a-bottle" strategy. The nearly perfect size matching of the octahedral cages of the host UiO-66 provides ideal space confinement for the guest complex to protect from dimerization and dramatically increases the mono-nuclear complex stability compared to its un-confined state. The successful encapsulation of [(TPA)FeII-2L]2+ in UiO-66 was verified thoroughly by spectroscopy, microscopy, N2 adsorption, and electrochemistry characterization techniques. This work shows that encapsulating an unstable molecular complex in MOFs via a two-step "ship-in-a-bottle" strategy highlights opportunities for extending the heterogenization of homogeneous complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Research & Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Chongqing, 401135, China
| | - Lu-Qi Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Yi-Fei Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Li-Cheng Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
| | - Kai-Jie Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China.
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15
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Wang M, Zheng Y, He H, Lv T, Xu X, Fang X, Lu C, Yang H. Carbon network-hosted porphyrin as a highly biocompatible nanophotosensitizer for enhanced photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7423-7431. [PMID: 37815807 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00992k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has the characteristics of being simple and non-invasive, and with on-demand light control. However, most photosensitizers exhibit strong hydrophobicity, low quantum yields in water and low tumor selectivity. In this study, carbon network-hosted porphyrins (CPs) with high biocompatibility and efficient singlet oxygen (1O2) generation were developed to reduce the biotoxicity of photosensitizers and avoid quenching caused by hydrophobic aggregation for enhanced PDT. The CPs were prepared by a simple solid-phase synthesis method using porphyrin, green non-toxic citric acid and urea as the raw materials. The CPs exhibited excellent water solubility and high biocompatibility. Even when the concentration reached 1.5 mg mL-1, cells still had good biological activity. By separately fixing the porphyrins in the carbon network, the CPs avoided aggregation-induced inactivation and had high generation efficiency of 1O2. Furthermore, in order to improve the PDT effect, the CPs were modified with the upper nuclear targeting peptide TAT (T-CPs), which was used to target the nucleus and generate 1O2in situ to directly destroy genetic material. The proposed strategy provides a simple and green path to prepare nanophotosensitizers with high biocompatibility and efficient 1O2 generation for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Yanlin Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Huaming He
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Tong Lv
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Chunhua Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, P. R. China.
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16
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Erden F. Graphene Oxide/Cholesterol-Substituted Zinc Phthalocyanine Composites with Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:7060. [PMID: 38004990 PMCID: PMC10672206 DOI: 10.3390/ma16227060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, cholesterol (Chol)-substituted zinc phthalocyanine (Chol-ZnPc) and its composite with graphene oxide (GO) were prepared for photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. Briefly, Chol-substituted phthalonitrile (Chol-phthalonitrile) was synthesized first through the substitution of Chol to the phthalonitrile group over the oxygen bridge. Then, Chol-ZnPc was synthesized by a tetramerization reaction of Chol-phthalonitrile with ZnCl2 in a basic medium. Following this, GO was introduced to Chol-ZnPc, and the successful preparation of the samples was verified through FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, MALDI-TOF MS, SEM, and elemental analysis. Regarding PDT properties, we report that Chol-ZnPc exhibited a singlet oxygen quantum yield (Φ∆) of 0.54, which is slightly lower than unsubstituted ZnPc. Upon introduction of GO, the GO/Chol-ZnPc composite exhibited a higher Φ∆, about 0.78, than that of unsubstituted ZnPc. Moreover, this enhancement was realized with a simultaneous improvement in fluorescence quantum yield (ΦF) to 0.36. In addition, DPPH results suggest low antioxidant activity in the composite despite the presence of GO. Overall, GO/Chol-ZnPc might provide combined benefits for PDT, particularly in terms of image guidance and singlet oxygen generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Erden
- Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Sivas University of Science and Technology, 58000 Sivas, Türkiye
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17
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Zhu ZH, Zhang D, Chen J, Zou HH, Ni Z, Yang Y, Hu Y, Liu R, Feng G, Tang BZ. A biocompatible pure organic porous nanocage for enhanced photodynamic therapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4868-4881. [PMID: 37772470 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01263h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrin-based photosensitizers have been widely utilized in photodynamic therapy (PDT), but they suffer from deteriorating fluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to their close π-π stacking. Herein, a biocompatible pure organic porphyrin nanocage (Py-Cage) with enhanced both type I and type II ROS generation is reported for PDT. The porphyrin skeleton within the Py-Cage is spatially separated by four biphenyls to avoid the close π-π stacking within the nanocage. The Py-Cage showed a large cavity and high porosity with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of over 300 m2 g-1, facilitating a close contact between the Py-Cage and oxygen, as well as the fast release of ROS to the surrounding microenvironment. The Py-Cage shows superb ROS generation performance over its precursors and commercial ones such as Chlorin E6 and Rose Bengal. Intriguingly, the cationic π-conjugated Py-Cage also shows promising type I ROS (superoxide and hydroxyl radicals) generation that is more promising for hypoxic tumor treatment. Both in vitro cell and in vivo animal experiments further confirm the excellent antitumor activity of the Py-Cage. As compared to conventional metal coordination approaches to improve PDT efficacy of porphyrin derivatives, the pure organic porous Py-Cage demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, which is further verified in both mice and rats. This work of an organic porous nanocage shall provide a new paradigm for the design of novel, biocompatible and effective photosensitizers for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yutong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yating Hu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Materials and Energy Storage Devices, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Guangxue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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18
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Yu J, Li Q, Wei Z, Fan G, Wan F, Tian L. Ultra-stable MOF@MOF nanoplatform for photodynamic therapy sensitized by relieved hypoxia due to mitochondrial respiration inhibition. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:330-343. [PMID: 37607616 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with periodically arranged porphyrinic linkers avoiding the self-quenching issue of porphyrins in photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been widely applied. However, the porphyrinic MOFs still face challenges of poor stability under physiological conditions and limited photodynamic efficiency by the hypoxia condition of tumors. Herein, we fabricate the MOF@MOF structure with a protective MOF shell to improve the stability and relieve the hypoxia condition of tumors for sensitized PDT. Under protection of the MOF shell, the MOF@MOF structure can keep intact for 96 h under physiological conditions. Consequently, the tumoral accumulation efficiency is two folds of the MOF core. Furthermore, the MOF shell decomposes under acidic environment, and the loaded inhibitor of mitochondria pyruvate carrier (7-amino carboxycoumarins-2, 7ACC2) will be released. 7ACC2 inhibits the mitochondrial pyruvate influx and simultaneously blocks glucose and lactate from fueling the mitochondrial respiration, thereupon relieving the hypoxia condition of tumors. Under a 5-min laser irradiation, the 7ACC2 carrying MOF@MOF nanoplatforms induced doubled cellular apoptosis and reduced 70% of the tumor growth compared with the cargo-free MOF@MOF. In summary, the design of this stable and hypoxia self-relievable MOF@MOF nanoplatform will enlighten the future development of MOF-based nanomedicines and PDT. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Though widely used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in previous studies, porphyrinic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) still face challenges in poor stability under physiological conditions and limited photodynamic efficiency due to the hypoxia condition of tumors. In order to solve these problems, (1) we develop the MOF@MOF strategy to improve the physiological stability; (2) an inhibitor of mitochondria pyruvate carrier, 7-amino carboxycoumarins-2 (7ACC2), is loaded to inhibit the mitochondrial pyruvate influx and simultaneously block glucose and lactate from fueling the mitochondrial respiration, thereupon relieving the hypoxia condition of tumors. In comparison with previous studies, our strategy simultaneously improves stability and overcomes the limited PDT efficiency in the hypoxia tumor tissue, which will enlighten the future development of MOF-based nanomedicines and PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Zixiang Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Guiling Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Feiyan Wan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China
| | - Leilei Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Blvd., Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, PR China.
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Cao S, Long Y, Xiao S, Deng Y, Ma L, Adeli M, Qiu L, Cheng C, Zhao C. Reactive oxygen nanobiocatalysts: activity-mechanism disclosures, catalytic center evolutions, and changing states. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6838-6881. [PMID: 37705437 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00087g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Benefiting from low costs, structural diversities, tunable catalytic activities, feasible modifications, and high stability compared to the natural enzymes, reactive oxygen nanobiocatalysts (RONBCs) have become dominant materials in catalyzing and mediating reactive oxygen species (ROS) for diverse biomedical and biological applications. Decoding the catalytic mechanism and structure-reactivity relationship of RONBCs is critical to guide their future developments. Here, this timely review comprehensively summarizes the recent breakthroughs and future trends in creating and decoding RONBCs. First, the fundamental classification, activity, detection method, and reaction mechanism for biocatalytic ROS generation and elimination have been systematically disclosed. Then, the merits, modulation strategies, structure evolutions, and state-of-art characterisation techniques for designing RONBCs have been briefly outlined. Thereafter, we thoroughly discuss different RONBCs based on the reported major material species, including metal compounds, carbon nanostructures, and organic networks. In particular, we offer particular insights into the coordination microenvironments, bond interactions, reaction pathways, and performance comparisons to disclose the structure-reactivity relationships and mechanisms. In the end, the future challenge and perspectives for RONBCs are also carefully summarised. We envision that this review will provide a comprehensive understanding and guidance for designing ROS-catalytic materials and stimulate the wide utilisation of RONBCs in diverse biomedical and biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujiao Cao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yanping Long
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Sutong Xiao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuting Deng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lang Ma
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustrasse 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Li Qiu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
- Med-X Center for Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Li D, Cai S, Wang P, Cheng H, Cheng B, Zhang Y, Liu G. Innovative Design Strategies Advance Biomedical Applications of Phthalocyanines. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300263. [PMID: 37039069 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their long absorption wavelengths, high molar absorptivity, and tunable photosensitivity, phthalocyanines have been widely used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, phthalocyanines still face the drawbacks of poor targeting, "always-on" photosensitizing properties, and unsatisfactory therapeutic efficiency, which limit their wide applications in biomedical fields. Thus, new design strategies such as modification of targeting molecules, formation of nanoparticles, and activating photosensitizers are developed to improve the above defects. Notably, recent studies have shown that novel phthalocyanines are not only used in fluorescence imaging and PDT, but also in photoacoustic imaging, photothermal imaging, sonodynamic therapy, and photothermal therapy. This review focuses on recent design strategies, applications in biomedicine, and clinical development of phthalocyanines, providing ideas and references for the design and application of phthalocyanine, so as to promote their future transformation into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Shundong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hongwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Bingwei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- Shen Zhen Research Institute of Xiamen University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
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21
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Zhang Y, Doan BT, Gasser G. Metal-Based Photosensitizers as Inducers of Regulated Cell Death Mechanisms. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10135-10155. [PMID: 37534710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, various forms of regulated cell death (RCD) have been discovered and were found to improve cancer treatment. Although there are several reviews on RCD induced by photodynamic therapy (PDT), a comprehensive summary covering metal-based photosensitizers (PSs) as RCD inducers has not yet been presented. In this review, we systematically summarize the works on metal-based PSs that induce different types of RCD, including ferroptosis, immunogenic cell death (ICD), and pyroptosis. The characteristics and mechanisms of each RCD are explained. At the end of each section, a summary of the reported commonalities between different metal-based PSs inducing the same RCD is emphasized, and future perspectives on metal-based PSs inducing novel forms of RCD are discussed at the end of the review. Considering the essential roles of metal-based PSs and RCD in cancer therapy, we hope that this review will provide the stage for future advances in metal-based PSs as RCD inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bich-Thuy Doan
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory of Synthesis, Electrochemistry, Imaging and Analytical Systems for Diagnosis, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, 75005 Paris, France
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22
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Ma X, Kang J, Wu Y, Pang C, Li S, Li J, Xiong Y, Luo J, Wang M, Xu Z. A bifunctional polycentric-affinity MOF/MXene heterojunction-based molecularly imprinted photoelectrochemical organophosphorus-sensing platform. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2023; 469:143888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2023.143888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
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23
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Wei F, Chen Z, Shen XC, Ji L, Chao H. Recent progress in metal complexes functionalized nanomaterials for photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37184685 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01355c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal complexes have shown promise as photosensitizers for cancer diagnosis and therapeutics. However, the vast majority of metal photosensitizers are not ideal and associated with several limitations including pharmacokinetic limitations, off-target toxicity, fast systemic clearance, poor membrane permeability, and hypoxic tumour microenvironments. Metal complex functionalized nanomaterials have the potential to construct multifunctional systems, which not only overcome the above defects of metal complexes but are also conducive to modulating the tumour microenvironment (TME) and employing combination therapies to boost photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy. In this review, we first introduce the current challenges of photodynamic therapy and summarize the recent research strategies (such as metal coordination bonds, self-assembly, π-π stacking, physisorption, and so on) used for preparing metal complexes functionalized nanomaterials in the application of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmian Wei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, MOE Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuoli Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Can Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, MOE Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China.
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China.
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Li H, Xu H, Wang G, Chen J, Ji D, Huang Y, Cui G, He H, Guo Z. Rational Design of Mesoporous Coordination Polymer Nanophotosensitizers for Photodynamic Tumor Ablation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:21746-21753. [PMID: 37126007 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective clinical practice of precise photodynamic therapy (PDT) is severely impeded by the inherent drawbacks and aggregation propensity of conventional photosensitizers. An all-in-one approach is highly desired to optimize structural features, photophysical properties, and pharmacokinetic behaviors of photosensitizers. Herein, we have fabricated mesoporous boron dipyrromethene-bridged coordination polymer nanophotosensitizers (BCP-NPs) for high-performance PDT via a unique solvent-assisted assembly strategy. Distinctive photophysical and structural characteristics of BCP-NPs confer enhanced photodynamic activities, together with high cellular uptake and ultrahigh stability. Moreover, BCP-NPs showed excellent tumor accumulation and prolonged tumor retention, achieving eradication of the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) model under low-power-density LED irradiation. This work has provided a valuable paradigm for the construction of mesoporous photoactive nanomaterials for biophotonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Han Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guanglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Junchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Dandan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yangyang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Guoqing Cui
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hui He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, and School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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25
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Zhou Q, Dutta D, Cao Y, Ge Z. Oxidation-Responsive PolyMOF Nanoparticles for Combination Photodynamic-Immunotherapy with Enhanced STING Activation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9374-9387. [PMID: 37141569 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation by STING agonists has been recognized as one of the potent and promising immunotherapy strategies. However, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment always hinders the therapeutic efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this report, we present polymeric metal-organic framework (PMOF) nanoparticles (NPs) for the combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and enhanced STING activation to improve the immunotherapeutic efficacy. The PMOF NPs with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) shells were obtained via coordination between the block copolymer ligand PEG-b-PABDA consisting of 1,4-bezenedicarboxylic acid-bearing polyacrylamide (PABDA), meso-tetra(carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP), thioketal diacetic acid, and zirconyl chloride. Subsequently, the STING agonist SR-717 was loaded into the porous structure of PMOF to obtain SR@PMOF NPs which show excellent stability under the physiological conditions. After intravenous injection and tumor accumulation, light irradiation on the tumor sites results in efficient singlet oxygen (1O2) production from TCPP and cellular apoptosis to release fragmented DNA and tumor-associated antigens. Simultaneously, thioketal bonds can be broken by 1O2 to destroy the PMOF structure and rapidly release SR717. SR-717 and PDT synergistically enhance the antitumor immunity via combination photodynamic-immunotherapy due to reversal of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhanced endogenous STING activation, which can suppress the growth of the primary and distant tumors efficiently. The oxidation-responsive SR@PMOF NPs represent a promising delivery system of STING agonists and efficient PDT NPs for simultaneous suppression of the primary and metastatic tumors via the rational combination of PDT and enhanced STING activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Debabrata Dutta
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yufei Cao
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhishen Ge
- School of Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, Shaanxi, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, China
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26
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Kashyap BK, Singh VV, Solanki MK, Kumar A, Ruokolainen J, Kesari KK. Smart Nanomaterials in Cancer Theranostics: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:14290-14320. [PMID: 37125102 PMCID: PMC10134471 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is ranked as the second leading cause of death globally. Traditional cancer therapies including chemotherapy are flawed, with off-target and on-target toxicities on the normal cells, requiring newer strategies to improve cell selective targeting. The application of nanomaterial has been extensively studied and explored as chemical biology tools in cancer theranostics. It shows greater applications toward stability, biocompatibility, and increased cell permeability, resulting in precise targeting, and mitigating the shortcomings of traditional cancer therapies. The nanoplatform offers an exciting opportunity to gain targeting strategies and multifunctionality. The advent of nanotechnology, in particular the development of smart nanomaterials, has transformed cancer diagnosis and treatment. The large surface area of nanoparticles is enough to encapsulate many molecules and the ability to functionalize with various biosubstrates such as DNA, RNA, aptamers, and antibodies, which helps in theranostic action. Comparatively, biologically derived nanomaterials perceive advantages over the nanomaterials produced by conventional methods in terms of economy, ease of production, and reduced toxicity. The present review summarizes various techniques in cancer theranostics and emphasizes the applications of smart nanomaterials (such as organic nanoparticles (NPs), inorganic NPs, and carbon-based NPs). We also critically discussed the advantages and challenges impeding their translation in cancer treatment and diagnostic applications. This review concludes that the use of smart nanomaterials could significantly improve cancer theranostics and will facilitate new dimensions for tumor detection and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Technology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284128, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Virendra Vikram Singh
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, DRDO, Gwalior 474002, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Solanki
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Plant Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology Group, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Cheri-Manatu, Karmre, Kanke 835222, Ranchi, India
| | - Janne Ruokolainen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kavindra Kumar Kesari
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Vikkinkaari 1, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
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27
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Feng H, Zhao L, Bai Z, Xin Z, Wang C, Liu L, Song J, Zhang H, Bai Y, Feng F. Aptamer modified Zr-based porphyrinic nanoscale metal-organic frameworks for active-targeted chemo-photodynamic therapy of tumors. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11215-11224. [PMID: 37056970 PMCID: PMC10087063 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00753g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Active-targeted nanoplatforms could specifically target tumors compared to normal cells, making them a promising therapeutic agent. The aptamer is a kind of short DNA or RNA sequence that can specifically bind to target molecules, and could be widely used as the active targeting agents of nanoplatforms to achieve active-targeted therapy of tumors. Herein, an aptamer modified nanoplatform DOX@PCN@Apt-M was designed for active-targeted chemo-photodynamic therapy of tumors. Zr-based porphyrinic nanoscale metal organic framework PCN-224 was synthesized through a one-pot reaction, which could produce cytotoxic 1O2 for efficient treatment of tumor cells. To improve the therapeutic effect of the tumor, the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded into PCN-224 to form DOX@PCN-224 for tumor combination therapy. Active-targeted combination therapy achieved by modifying the MUC1 aptamer (Apt-M) onto DOX@PCN-224 surface can not only further reduce the dosage of therapeutic agents, but also reduce their toxic and side effects on normal tissues. In vitro, experimental results indicated that DOX@PCN@Apt-M exhibited enhanced combined therapeutic effect and active targeting efficiency under 808 nm laser irradiation for MCF-7 tumor cells. Based on PCN-224 nanocarriers and aptamer MUC1, this work provides a novel strategy for precisely targeting MCF-7 tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidi Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Lu Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Xin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 P. R. China
| | - Chaoyu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Lizhen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Jinping Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Haifei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Yunfeng Bai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biosensing, Shanxi Datong University Datong 037009 P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University Linfen 041004 P. R. China
- School Department of Energy Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Shanxi Institute P. R. China
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Liu X, Zhan W, Gao G, Jiang Q, Zhang X, Zhang H, Sun X, Han W, Wu FG, Liang G. Apoptosis-Amplified Assembly of Porphyrin Nanofiber Enhances Photodynamic Therapy of Oral Tumor. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7918-7930. [PMID: 36987560 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cancer, having high recurrence and metastasis features. In addition to surgery, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as another effective approach for OSCC treatment. The water solubility of currently available PDT photosensitizers (PSs) is poor, lowering their singlet oxygen (1O2) yield and consequent PDT efficiency. Strategies of PS assembly have been reported to increase 1O2 yield, but it is still possible to further enhance PDT efficiency. In this work, we utilized apoptosis to amplify the assembly of porphyrin nanofibers for enhanced PDT of OSCC. A water-soluble porphyrin derivative, Ac-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-Asp-TPP (Ac-DEVDD-TPP), was designed for this purpose. Upon caspase-3 (Casp3, an activated enzyme during apoptosis) cleavage and laser irradiation, Ac-DEVDD-TPP was converted to D-TPP, which spontaneously self-assembled into porphyrin nanofibers, accompanied by 1.4-fold and 2.1-fold 1O2 generations in vitro and in cells, respectively. The as-formed porphyrin nanofiber induced efficient cell apoptosis and pyroptosis. In vivo experiments demonstrated that, compared with the scrambled control compound Ac-DEDVD-TPP, Ac-DEVDD-TPP led to 6.2-fold and 1.3-fold expressions of Casp3 in subcutaneous and orthotopic oral tumor models, respectively, and significantly suppressed the tumors. We envision that our strategy of apoptosis-amplified porphyrin assembly might be applied for OSCC treatment in the clinic in the near future.
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Abdul Rinshad V, Sahoo J, Venkateswarulu M, Hickey N, De M, Sarathi Mukherjee P. Solvent Induced Conversion of a Self-Assembled Gyrobifastigium to a Barrel and Encapsulation of Zinc-Phthalocyanine within the Barrel for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218226. [PMID: 36715420 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A rare gyrobifastigium architecture (GB) was constructed by self-assembly of a tetradentate donor (L) with PdII acceptor in DMSO. The GB was converted to its isomeric tetragonal barrel (MB) upon treatment with water. The hydrophobic cavity of MB has been explored for the encapsulation of zinc-phthalocyanine (ZnPc), which is an excellent photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the poor water-solubility and aggregation tendency are the main reasons for the suboptimal PDT performance of free ZnPc in the aqueous medium. Effective solubilization of ZnPc in an aqueous medium was achieved by encapsulating it in the cavity of MB. The inclusion complex (ZnPc⊂MB) showed enhanced singlet oxygen generation in water. Higher cellular uptake and anticancer activity of the ZnPc⊂MB compared to free ZnPc on HeLa cells indicate that encapsulation of ZnPc in an aqueous host is a potential strategy for enhancement of its PDT activity in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valiyakath Abdul Rinshad
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Jagabandhu Sahoo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Mangili Venkateswarulu
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Mrinmoy De
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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30
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Pang L, Tang X, Yao L, Zhou L, Hu S, Zhao S, Zhang L. Smart down/upconversion nanomachines integrated with "AND" logic computation and enzyme-free amplification for NIR-II fluorescence-assisted precise and enhanced photodynamic therapy. Chem Sci 2023; 14:3070-3075. [PMID: 36937597 PMCID: PMC10016622 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticles enable indirect activation of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using near-infrared (NIR) light, providing an excellent alternative for treating deep tumors. However, conventional NIR light-triggered PDT systems suffered from low spatiotemporal accuracy and restricted therapeutic efficiency in vivo. In this work, DNA logic circuits were functionally modified on down/upconversion nanoparticles (D/UCNPs) to construct smart down/upconversion nanomachines (D/UCNMs) for NIR light-triggered PDT toward target tumors. Upon dual inputs of tumor-associated GSH and TK1 mRNA, DNA logic circuits perform "AND" logic computation and initiate the toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction. Meanwhile, the quenched upconversion fluorescence was recovered and then the approaching photosensitizers were activated, leading to in situ output of singlet oxygen (1O2) for precise and enhanced PDT. Importantly, the biodistribution of the D/UCNMs in vivo could be visualized by second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging via the downconversion luminance of D/UCNPs, which further contributed to performing precise PDT. This work provides new insights into the development of precise and highly efficient PDT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Pang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Xiaolan Tang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Lijia Yao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Liuyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Shengqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004 P. R. China
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31
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Liu X, Meng L, Wang Z, Yu Z, Zhang C, Liu L, Coen Z, Yang Z, Wu G. Novel construction of multifunctional photo-responsive and nucleic acid-triggered doxorubicin-releasing liposomes for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115207. [PMID: 36796298 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
All-in-one nano theranostics integrating accurate diagnosis and combined therapy is promising for high-efficacy tumor treatment and receiving significant attention. In this study, we develop photo-controlled release liposomes with nucleic acid-triggered fluorescence and photoactivity for tumor imaging and synergistic antitumor therapy. Copper phthalocyanine as a photothermal agent is fused into lipid layers to prepare liposomes encapsulating cationic zinc phthalocyanine ZnPc(TAP)412+ and doxorubicin, followed by the modification of RGD peptide on the surface to obtain the final product RGD-CuPc:ZnPc(TAP)412+:DOX@LiPOs (RCZDL). RCZDL possesses favorable stability, significant photothermal effect, and photo-controlled release function through the characterization of physicochemical properties. It is shown that the fluorescence and ROS generation could be turned on by intracellular nucleic acid after illumination. RCZDL exhibits synergistic cytotoxicity, increased apoptosis, and significantly promoted cell uptake. Subcellular localization analysis indicates that ZnPc(TAP)412+ tends to be distributed in the mitochondria of HepG2 cells treated with RCZDL after exposure to light. The results of experiments in vivo on H22 tumor-bearing mice demonstrate that RCZDL had excellent tumor targeting, a prominent photothermal effect at the tumor sites, and synergistic antitumor efficiency. More importantly, little RCZDL has been found to be accumulated in the liver, and most were quickly metabolized by the liver. The results confirm that the proposed new intelligent liposomes provide a simple and cost-effective way for tumor imaging and combinatorial anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Liu
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Liying Meng
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Zheyi Wang
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Zongjiang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Zen Coen
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Zhongjun Yang
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China.
| | - Guanzhao Wu
- Qilu Hospital Qingdao, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China.
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Cedrún-Morales M, Ceballos M, Polo E, Del Pino P, Pelaz B. Nanosized metal-organic frameworks as unique platforms for bioapplications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2869-2887. [PMID: 36757184 PMCID: PMC9990148 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05851k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are extremely versatile materials, which serve to create platforms with exceptional porosity and specific reactivities. The production of MOFs at the nanoscale (NMOFs) offers the possibility of creating innovative materials for bioapplications as long as they maintain the properties of their larger counterparts. Due to their inherent chemical versatility, synthetic methods to produce them at the nanoscale can be combined with inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) to create nanocomposites (NCs) with one-of-a-kind features. These systems can be remotely controlled and can catalyze abiotic reactions in living cells, which have the potential to stimulate further research on these nanocomposites as tools for advanced therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cedrún-Morales
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Manuel Ceballos
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Ester Polo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Pablo Del Pino
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Física de Partículas, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pelaz
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Han H, Li S, Xu M, Zhong Y, Fan W, Xu J, Zhou T, Ji J, Ye J, Yao K. Polymer- and lipid-based nanocarriers for ocular drug delivery: Current status and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 196:114770. [PMID: 36894134 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Ocular diseases seriously affect patients' vision and life quality, with a global morbidity of over 43 million blindness. However, efficient drug delivery to treat ocular diseases, particularly intraocular disorders, remains a huge challenge due to multiple ocular barriers that significantly affect the ultimate therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Recent advances in nanocarrier technology offer a promising opportunity to overcome these barriers by providing enhanced penetration, increased retention, improved solubility, reduced toxicity, prolonged release, and targeted delivery of the loaded drug to the eyes. This review primarily provides an overview of the progress and contemporary applications of nanocarriers, mainly polymer- and lipid-based nanocarriers, in treating various eye diseases, highlighting their value in achieving efficient ocular drug delivery. Additionally, the review covers the ocular barriers and administration routes, as well as the prospective future developments and challenges in the field of nanocarriers for treating ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Han
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Su Li
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyang Zhong
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Fan
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Tinglian Zhou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, People's Republic of China.
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Hu S, Huang L, Zhou L, Wu T, Zhao S, Zhang L. Single-Excitation Triple-Emission Down-/Up-Conversion Nanoassemblies for Tumor Microenvironment-Enhanced Ratiometric NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging and Chemo-/Photodynamic Combination Therapy. Anal Chem 2023; 95:3830-3839. [PMID: 36706236 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment-mediated ratiometric second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy contribute to accurate diagnosis and highly efficient therapy of deep tumors. However, it is challenging to integrate these functions into one nanodrug due to the difficulty in preparing triple-emission nanoprobes. In this work, single-excitation triple-emission (wavelength at 660, 1060, and 1550 nm) down-/up-conversion nanoassemblies were prepared by conjugating dual-ligands-stabilized gold nanoclusters (cgAuNCs) into down-/up-conversion nanoparticles (D/UCNPs), which simultaneously realized ratiometric NIR-II fluorescence imaging and chemo-/photodynamic combination therapy toward tumors upon exposure to an 808 nm laser. The presence of dual ligands endowed cgAuNCs with an enhanced NIR-II fluorescence response to endogenous glutathione, allowing in situ ratiometric NIR-II fluorescence imaging of tumors using the prepared nanoassemblies. Additionally, the stabilizing ligand cyclodextrin of cgAuNCs facilitated the loading of the antitumor drug doxorubicin, and D/UCNPs could be modified with the photosensitizer methylene blue. Such a spatially separated functionalization method enabled chemo-/photodynamic combination therapy. This study provides new insights into the design of multifunctional nanoplatforms for tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin541004, China
| | - Lixian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin541004, China
| | - Liuyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin541004, China
| | - Tingchan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin541004, China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin541004, China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin541004, China
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Li W, Li R, Ye Q, Zou Y, Lu X, Zhang W, Chen J, Zhao Y. Mn 3 O 4 Nanoshell Coated Metal-Organic Frameworks with Microenvironment-Driven O 2 Production and GSH Exhaustion Ability for Enhanced Chemodynamic and Photodynamic Cancer Therapies. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2202280. [PMID: 36753620 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine exhibits emerging potentials to deliver advanced therapeutic strategies in the fight against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, it is still difficult to develop a precise codelivery system that integrates highly effective photosensitizers, low toxicity, and hydrophobicity. In this study, PCN-224 is selected as the carrier to enable effective cancer therapy through light-activated reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and the PCN-224@Mn3 O4 @HA is created in a simple one-step process by coating Mn3 O4 nanoshells on the PCN-224 template, which can then be used as an "ROS activator" to exert catalase- and glutathione peroxidase-like activities to alleviate tumor hypoxia while reducing tumor reducibility, leading to improved photodynamic therapeutic (PDT) effect of PCN-224. Meanwhile, Mn2+ produced cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) via the Fenton-like reaction, thus producing a promising spontaneous chemodynamic therapeutic (CDT) effect. Importantly, by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME), Mn3 O4 nanoshells downregulated hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression, inhibiting tumor growth and preventing tumor revival. Thus, the developed nanoshells, via light-controlled ROS formation and multimodality imaging abilities, can effectively inhibit tumor proliferation through synergistic PDT/CDT, and prevent tumor resurgence by remodeling TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Rongtian Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen, 51805, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Ye
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Yiming Zou
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Xing Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jinxiang Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yinghua Zhao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, 510630, P. R. China
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Yu Q, Zhou J, Song J, Zhou H, Kang B, Chen HY, Xu JJ. A Cascade Nanoreactor of Metal-Protein-Polyphenol Capsule for Oxygen-Mediated Synergistic Tumor Starvation and Chemodynamic Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206592. [PMID: 36437115 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Starvation therapy kills tumor cells via consuming glucose to cut off their energy supply. However, since glucose oxidase (GOx)-mediated glycolysis is oxygen-dependent, the cascade reaction based on GOx faces the challenge of a hypoxic tumor microenvironment. By decomposition of glycolysis production of H2 O2 into O2 , starvation therapy can be enhanced, but chemodynamic therapy is limited. Here, a close-loop strategy for on demand H2 O2 and O2 delivery, release, and recycling is proposed. The nanoreactor (metal-protein-polyphenol capsule) is designed by incorporating two native proteins, GOx and hemoglobin (Hb), in polyphenol networks with zeolitic imidazolate framework as sacrificial templates. Glycolysis occurs in the presence of GOx with O2 consumption and the produced H2 O2 reacts with Hb to produce highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and methemoglobin (MHb) (Fenton reaction). Benefiting from the different oxygen carrying capacities of Hb and MHb, oxygen on Hb is rapidly released to supplement its consumption during glycolysis. Glycolysis and Fenton reactions are mutually reinforced by oxygen supply, consuming more glucose and producing more hydroxyl radicals and ultimately enhancing both starvation therapy and chemodynamic therapy. This cascade nanoreactor exhibits high efficiency for tumor suppression and provides an effective strategy for oxygen-mediated synergistic starvation therapy and chemodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Juan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Bin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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Jin M, Zhao Y, Guan ZJ, Fang Y. Porous Framework Materials for Bioimaging and Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031360. [PMID: 36771027 PMCID: PMC9921779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the most pressing diseases in the world. Traditional treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy still show certain limitations. Recently, numerous cancer treatments have been proposed in combination with novel materials, such as photothermal therapy, chemodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, and a combination of therapeutic approaches. These new methods have shown significant advantages in reducing side effects and synergistically enhancing anti-cancer efficacy. In addition to the above approaches, early diagnosis and in situ monitoring of lesion areas are also important for reducing side effects and improving the success rate of cancer therapy. This depends on the decent use of bioimaging technology. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent advances in porous framework materials for bioimaging and cancer therapy. In addition, we present future challenges relating to bioimaging and cancer therapy based on porous framework materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zong-Jie Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yu Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Innovation Institute of Industrial Design and Machine Intelligence, Quanzhou-Hunan University, Quanzhou 362801, China
- Correspondence:
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38
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Mao J, Xu Z, Lin W. Nanoscale metal–organic frameworks for photodynamic therapy and radiotherapy. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2022.100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zha Z, Miao Y, Tang H, Herrera-Balandrano DD, Yin H, Wang SY. Heparosan-based self-assembled nanocarrier for zinc(II) phthalocyanine for use in photodynamic cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:31-43. [PMID: 35926671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) is a promising photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for melanoma treatment. However, the poor solubility of ZnPc limits its application. To overcome this limitation, heparosan (HP)-based nanoparticles were prepared by anchoring the l-lysine-linked α-linolenic acid branch to the carboxylic acid group to produce amphiphilic conjugates named heparosan with an l-lysine-linked α-linolenic acid branch (HLA). HLA conjugates could self-assemble into spherical nanoparticles in aqueous media and encapsulate ZnPc to form HLA-ZnPc nanoparticles. The cellular uptake of ZnPc could be improved by HLA carriers. These nanoparticles presented excellent photodynamic-mediated toxicity against mouse melanoma cells (B16) by markedly upregulating the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels while showing no cytotoxicity to either B16 or normal cells (L02 and HK-2 cells) in the dark. Furthermore, HLA-ZnPc displayed excellent stability in both powder and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 medium, indicating its promise for application in drug delivery and PDT. These results revealed a strategy for HP-based enhancement of ZnPc in PDT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqi Zha
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghua Miao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiling Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Hongping Yin
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Su-Yan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Wu W, Pu Y, Zhou B, Shen Y, Gao S, Zhou M, Shi J. Photoactivatable Immunostimulatory Nanomedicine for Immunometabolic Cancer Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19038-19050. [PMID: 36215038 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
A rationally designed immunostimulant (CC@SiO2-PLG) with a photoactivatable immunotherapeutic function for synergetic tumor therapy is reported. This CC@SiO2-PLG nanoplatform comprises catalase and a photosensitizer (Ce6) co-encapsulated in a silica capsule, to which an immunostimulant is conjugated through a reactive oxygen species-cleavable linker. After accumulating in tumor tissue, CC@SiO2-PLG generates O2 to relieve tumor hypoxia and promotes the production of singlet oxygen (1O2) upon laser irradiation, resulting in not only tumor destruction but also the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Simultaneously, the linker breakage by the photoproduced 1O2 leads to the remote-controlled release of conjugated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor from CC@SiO2-PLG and consequent immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment reversion. The released TAAs in conjunction with the inhibition of the IDO-mediated tryptophan/kynurenine metabolic pathway induced a boosted antitumor immune response to the CC@SiO2-PLG-mediated phototherapy. Therefore, the growth of primary/distant tumors and lung metastases in a mouse xenograft model was greatly inhibited, which was not achievable by phototherapy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Wu
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Shanghai Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Yinying Pu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Bangguo Zhou
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Ultrasound Research and Education Institute, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China
| | - Yucui Shen
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital to Tongji University, Shanghai 200081, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital to Tongji University, Shanghai 200081, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital to Tongji University, Shanghai 200081, P. R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- The State Key Lab of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Unit of Shanghai Nanocatalytic Medicine in Specific Therapy for Serious Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU012), Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
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41
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Zhang L, Liu M, Fang Z, Ju Q. Synthesis and biomedical application of nanocomposites integrating metal-organic frameworks with upconversion nanoparticles. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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42
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Zeng L, Huang L, Han G. Dye Doped Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Phototherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114479. [PMID: 35932906 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phototherapy is a noninvasive cancer treatment that relies on the interaction between light and photoactive agents. These photoactive agents are typically organic dyes, but their hydrophobic nature and self-aggregation tendency in biological media greatly restricts the development of highly effective phototherapeutic systems. In the past decade, functional dye-doped metal-organic framework (MOF)-based phototherapy has attracted enormous interest because organic dyes can be encapsulated and isolated within the MOF structure to show superior treatment efficacy. In addition to incorporating the reported phototherapeutic dyes into MOF as the ligand or the guest in the pores, the construction of an MOF-based phototherapy agent can also be extended to these dye units that are previously inactive for phototherapy. Thus, this review focuses on the emerging development of phototherapeutic MOFs that exhibited better performance than the involving dye units due to the controlled dye aggregation within the MOF. The related mechanisms and some emerging future directions of dye-doped MOF-based phototherapy are also discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China.
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States.
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43
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Feng Y, Wu W, Li M. Metal-organic frameworks for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy and mechanism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025780. [PMID: 36225574 PMCID: PMC9549350 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted increasing attention in cancer therapy, because they can enhance the anticancer efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), photoacoustic imaging, and drug delivery. Owing to stable chemical adjustability, MOFs can be used as carriers to provide excellent loading sites and protection for small-molecule drugs. In addition, MOFs can be used to combine with a variety of therapeutic drugs, including chemotherapeutics drugs, photosensitizers, and radiosensitizers, to efficiently deliver drugs to tumor tissue and achieve desired treatment. There is hardly any review regarding the application of MOFs in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, the design, structure, and potential applications of MOFs as nanoparticulate systems in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma are presented. Systematic Review Registration: website, identifier registration number
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44
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Zheng R, Fu Z, Deng W, Wen Y, Wu A, Ye X, Xu G. The Growth Mechanism of a Conductive MOF Thin Film in Spray‐based Layer‐by‐layer Liquid Phase Epitaxy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212797. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhi‐Hua Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Wei‐Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yingyi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Ai‐Qian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Xiao‐Liang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China
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45
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Zheng R, Fu ZH, Deng WH, Wen Y, Wu AQ, Ye XL, Xu G. The Growth Mechanism of a Conductive MOF Thin Film in Spray‐based Layer‐by‐layer Liquid Phase Epitaxy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gang Xu
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Science 155 Yangqiao Road West 350002 Fuzhou CHINA
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46
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Moghassemi S, Dadashzadeh A, de Azevedo RB, Amorim CA. Secure transplantation by tissue purging using photodynamic therapy to eradicate malignant cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 234:112546. [PMID: 36029759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The field of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating various malignant neoplasms has been given researchers' attention due to its ability to be a selective and minimally invasive cancer therapy strategy. The possibility of tumor cell infection and hence high recurrence rates in cancer patients tends to restrict autologous transplantation. So, the photodynamic tissue purging process, which consists of selective photoinactivation of the malignant cells in the graft, is defined as a compromising strategy to purify contaminated tissues before transplantation. In this strategy, the direct malignant cells' death results from the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through the activation of a photosensitizer (PS) by light exposure in the presence of oxygen. Since new PS generations can effectively penetrate the tissue, PDT could be an ideal ex vivo tissue purging protocol that eradicates cancer cells derived from various malignancies. The challenge is that the applied pharmacologic ex vivo tissue purging should efficiently induce tumor cells with minor influence on normal tissue cells. This review aims to provide an overview of the current status of the most effective PDT strategies and PS development concerning their potential application in ex vivo purging before hematopoietic stem cell or ovarian tissue transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Moghassemi
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arezoo Dadashzadeh
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Bentes de Azevedo
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília DF, Brazil
| | - Christiani A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Physiopathologie de la Reproduction, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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47
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Liu MX, Zhang XL, Yang JB, Lu ZL, Zhang QT. Highly water-dispersible PCN nanosheets as light-controlled lysosome self-promoting escape type non-cationic gene carriers for tumor therapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5430-5438. [PMID: 35775960 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00440b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The construction of non-viral gene delivery faces two major challenges: cytotoxicity caused by high cationic charge units and easy degradation by lysosomes. Herein, highly water-dispersible polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) nanosheets were utilized as the core to construct a light-controlled non-cationic gene delivery system with sufficient lysosomal escape ability. In this system, these nanosheets exhibited efficient DNA condensation, outstanding biocompatibility, transfection tracking, light responsiveness and high transfection efficiency. Once PCN-DNA was taken up by the tumor cells, the accumulated ROS generated by photosensitizers (PSs) under light irradiation would destroy the structure of lysosomes, promote the escape of PCN-DNA and increase the efficiency of gene transfection. Simultaneously, the gene transfection process could be tracked in real time through fluorescence imaging technology, which was conducive to investigate the transfection mechanism. In vitro and in vivo experiments further confirmed that PCN nanosheets loaded with the P53 gene were beneficial to the regeneration of the P53 apoptotic pathway, increased tumor sensitivity to PSs, and further induced tumor cell apoptosis. In summary, the highly water-dispersible PCN nanosheets were applied to light-controlled self-escaping gene delivery for the first time, and tumor gene therapy was successfully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Jing-Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
| | - Qi-Tao Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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48
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Dong MJ, Li W, Xiang Q, Tan Y, Xing X, Wu C, Dong H, Zhang X. Engineering Metal-Organic Framework Hybrid AIEgens with Tumor-Activated Accumulation and Emission for the Image-Guided GSH Depletion ROS Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:29599-29612. [PMID: 35737456 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-active luminogens (AIEgens) have demonstrated exciting potential for the application in cancer phototheranostics. However, simultaneously achieving tumor-activated bright emission, enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, high tumor accumulation, and minimized ROS depletion remains challenging. Here, a metal-organic framework (MOF) hybrid AIEgen theranostic platform is designed, termed A-NUiO@DCDA@ZIF-Cu, composed of an AIEgen-loaded hydrophobic UiO-66 (A-NUiO@DCDA) core and a Cu-doped hydrophilic ZIF-8 (ZIF-Cu) shell. The fluorescence emission and therapeutic ROS activity of AIEgens are restrained during delivery. After uptake by tumor tissues, ZIF-Cu decomposition occurs in response to an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), and the hydrophobic A-NUiO@DCDA cores self-assemble into large particles, extremely increasing the tumor accumulation of AIEgens. This results in enhanced fluorescence imaging (FLI) and highly improved 1O2 generation ability during photodynamic therapy (PDT). Meanwhile, the released Cu2+ reacts to glutathione (GSH) to generate Cu+, which provides an extra chemodynamic therapy (CDT) function through Fenton-like reactions with overexpressed H2O2, resulting in the GSH depletion-enhanced ROS therapy. As a result of these characteristics, the MOF hybrid AIEgens can selectively kill tumors with excellent efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jie Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weiqun Li
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qin Xiang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yan Tan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaotong Xing
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chaoxiong Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haifeng Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for Biosensor and Nanotheranostic, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Al Kelabi D, Dey A, Alimi LO, Piwoński H, Habuchi S, Khashab NM. Photostable polymorphic organic cages for targeted live cell imaging. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7341-7346. [PMID: 35799823 PMCID: PMC9214840 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00836j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent microscopy is a powerful tool for studying the cellular dynamics of biological systems. Small-molecule organic fluorophores are the most commonly used for live cell imaging; however, they often suffer from low solubility, limited photostability and variable targetability. Herein, we demonstrate that a tautomeric organic cage, OC1, has high cell permeability, photostability and selectivity towards the mitochondria. We further performed a structure–activity study to investigate the role of the keto–enol tautomerization, which affords strong and consistent fluorescence in dilute solutions through supramolecular self-assembly. Significantly, OC1 can passively diffuse through the cell membrane directly targeting the mitochondria without going through the endosomes or the lysosomes. We envisage that designing highly stable and biocompatible self-assembled fluorophores that can passively diffuse through the cell membrane while selectively targeting specific organelles will push the boundaries of fluorescent microscopy to visualize intricate cellular processes at the single molecule level in live samples. In this article, we demonstrate the relatively unexplored potential of organic cages for use in targeted live cell imaging and highlight the importance of inter- and intramolecular interactions to stabilize and improve the performance of fluorophores.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Al Kelabi
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Avishek Dey
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lukman O Alimi
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hubert Piwoński
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Satoshi Habuchi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Niveen M Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Laboratory, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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50
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Parihar A, Dube A. Structural alterations in cell organelles induced by photodynamic treatment with chlorin p 6 -histamine conjugate in human oral carcinoma cells probed by 3D fluorescence microscopy. LUMINESCENCE 2022. [PMID: 35698308 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the intracellular cell organelle's structural alterations after photodynamic treatment with chlorin p6 -histamine conjugate (Cp6 -his) in human oral cancer cells. Herein, the cells were treated with Cp6 -his (10 μm) and counterstained with organelle-specific fluorescence probes to find the site of intracellular localization using confocal microscopy. For photodynamic therapy (PDT), the cells were exposed to ~30 kJ/m2 red light (660 ± 20 nm) to induce ~90% cytotoxicity. We used the three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction approach to analyze the photodynamic damage to cell organelles. The result showed that Cp6 -his localized mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes but not in mitochondria and Golgi apparatus (GA). The 3D model revealed that in necrotic cells, PDT led to extensive fragmentation of ER and fragmentation and swelling of GA as well. Results suggest that the indirect damage to GA occurred due to loss of connection between ER and GA. Moreover, in damaged cells with no sign of necrosis, the perinuclear ER appeared condensed and surrounded by several small clumps at the peripheral region of the cell, and the GA was observed to form a single condensed structure. Since these structural changes were associated with apoptotic cell death, it is suggested that the necrotic and apoptotic death induced by PDT with Cp6 -his is determined by the severity of damage to ER and indirect damage to GA. The results suggest that the indirect damage to cell organelle apart from the sites of photosensitizer localization and the severity of damage at the organelle level contribute significantly to the mode of cell death in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, India
| | - Alok Dube
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Center for Advanced Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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