1
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Ukegawa T, Komatsu T, Minoda M, Matsumoto T, Iwasaka T, Mizuno T, Tachibana R, Sakamoto S, Hanaoka K, Kusuhara H, Honda K, Watanabe R, Urano Y. Thioester-Based Coupled Fluorogenic Assays in Microdevice for the Detection of Single-Molecule Enzyme Activities of Esterases with Specified Substrate Recognition. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306559. [PMID: 38140707 PMCID: PMC10933651 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule enzyme activity assay is a platform that enables the analysis of enzyme activities at single proteoform level. The limitation of the targetable enzymes is the major drawback of the assay, but the general assay platform is reported to study single-molecule enzyme activities of esterases based on the coupled assay using thioesters as substrate analogues. The coupled assay is realized by developing highly water-soluble thiol-reacting probes based on phosphonate-substituted boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY). The system enables the detection of cholinesterase activities in blood samples at single-molecule level, and it is shown that the dissecting alterations of single-molecule esterase activities can serve as an informative platform for activity-based diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ukegawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Mayano Minoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Takumi Iwasaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Tadahaya Mizuno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Ryo Tachibana
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Shingo Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesKeio University1‐5‐30, Shibakoen, Minato‐kuTokyo105–8512Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Graduate School of MedicineNippon Medical School1‐1‐5 Sendagi, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113–8602Japan
- Institute for Advanced Medical ScienceNippon Medical School1‐1‐5 Sendagi, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113–8602Japan
| | - Rikiya Watanabe
- Cluster for Pioneering ResearchRiken, 2‐1 Hirosawa, WakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
- Graduate School of MedicineThe University of Tokyo7‐3‐1 Hongo, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐0033Japan
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2
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Sakamoto S, Hiraide H, Minoda M, Iwakura N, Suzuki M, Ando J, Takahashi C, Takahashi I, Murai K, Kagami Y, Mizuno T, Koike T, Nara S, Morizane C, Hijioka S, Kashiro A, Honda K, Watanabe R, Urano Y, Komatsu T. Identification of activity-based biomarkers for early-stage pancreatic tumors in blood using single-molecule enzyme activity screening. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100688. [PMID: 38218189 PMCID: PMC10831938 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2023.100688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Single-molecule enzyme activity-based enzyme profiling (SEAP) is a methodology to globally analyze protein functions in living samples at the single-molecule level. It has been previously applied to detect functional alterations in phosphatases and glycosidases. Here, we expand the potential for activity-based biomarker discovery by developing a semi-automated synthesis platform for fluorogenic probes that can detect various peptidases and protease activities at the single-molecule level. The peptidase/protease probes were prepared on the basis of a 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin fluorophore. The introduction of a phosphonic acid to the core scaffold made the probe suitable for use in a microdevice-based assay, while phosphonic acid served as the handle for the affinity separation of the probe using Phos-tag. Using this semi-automated scheme, 48 fluorogenic probes for the single-molecule peptidase/protease activity analysis were prepared. Activity-based screening using blood samples revealed altered single-molecule activity profiles of CD13 and DPP4 in blood samples of patients with early-stage pancreatic tumors. The study shows the power of single-molecule enzyme activity screening to discover biomarkers on the basis of the functional alterations of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hideto Hiraide
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Mayano Minoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nozomi Iwakura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Misa Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jun Ando
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chiharu Takahashi
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ikuko Takahashi
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazue Murai
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yu Kagami
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tadahaya Mizuno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Koike
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nara
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Chigusa Morizane
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Susumu Hijioka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1, Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kashiro
- Institute for Advanced Medical Science, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Honda
- Institute for Advanced Medical Science, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Rikiya Watanabe
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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3
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Hickey SM, Nitschke SO, Sweetman MJ, Sumby CJ, Brooks DA, Plush SE, Ashton TD. Cross-Coupling of Amide and Amide Derivatives to Umbelliferone Nonaflates: Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives and Fluorescent Materials. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7986-7999. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shane M. Hickey
- Clinical Health Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Samuel O. Nitschke
- Clinical Health Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Martin J. Sweetman
- Clinical Health Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Christopher J. Sumby
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Douglas A. Brooks
- Clinical Health Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Sally E. Plush
- Clinical Health Sciences, Cancer Research Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Trent D. Ashton
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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4
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Komatsu T, Urano Y. Chemical toolbox for 'live' biochemistry to understand enzymatic functions in living systems. J Biochem 2020; 167:139-149. [PMID: 31553443 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we present an overview of the recent advances in chemical toolboxes that are used to provide insights into 'live' protein functions in living systems. Protein functions are mediated by various factors inside of cells, such as protein-protein interactions, posttranslational modifications, and they are also subject to environmental factors such as pH, redox states and crowding conditions. Obtaining a true understanding of protein functions in living systems is therefore a considerably difficult task. Recent advances in research tools have allowed us to consider 'live' biochemistry as a valid approach to precisely understand how proteins function in a live cell context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Investigator, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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5
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Kailass K, Sadovski O, Capello M, Kang Y, Fleming JB, Hanash SM, Beharry AA. Measuring human carboxylesterase 2 activity in pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenografts using a ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor. Chem Sci 2019; 10:8428-8437. [PMID: 31803422 PMCID: PMC6844279 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan-based therapy is a common treatment for pancreatic cancer. To elicit its anticancer activity, the drug requires first the hydrolysis action of the enzyme human carboxylesterase 2 (hCES2). It has been established that pancreatic cancer patients have various levels of hCES2, whereby patients having low levels respond poorer to Irinotecan than patients with higher levels, suggesting that hCES2 can be used to predict response. However, current methods that measure hCES2 activity are inaccurate, complex or lengthy, thus being incompatible for use in a clinical setting. Here, we developed a small molecule ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor that accurately measures hCES2 activity in a single-step within complex mixtures. Our chemosensor is highly selective for hCES2 over hCES1, cell permeable and can measure hCES2 activity in pancreatic cancer patient-derived xenografts. Given the simplicity, accuracy and tissue compatibility of our assay, we anticipate our chemosensor can be used to predict patient response to Irinotecan-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Kailass
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , ON L5L 1C6 , Canada .
| | - Oleg Sadovski
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , ON L5L 1C6 , Canada .
| | - Michela Capello
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Ya'an Kang
- Department of Surgical Oncology , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Jason B Fleming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology , H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Andrew A Beharry
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences , University of Toronto Mississauga , Mississauga , ON L5L 1C6 , Canada .
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6
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Ichihashi Y, Komatsu T, Kyo E, Matsuzaki H, Hata K, Watanabe T, Ueno T, Hanaoka K, Urano Y. Separation-Based Enzymomics Assay for the Discovery of Altered Peptide-Metabolizing Enzymatic Activities in Biosamples. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11497-11501. [PMID: 31424921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a novel method to globally monitor the enzymatic activities of biological samples based on performing the global activity analysis on a proteome separated by native electrophoresis. The study of the alteration in peptide-metabolizing enzymatic activity in colorectal tumor specimens led us to the discovery of elevated thimet oligopeptidase activity, which contributed to the faster consumption of immune-stimulating peptide neurotensin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ichihashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Etsu Kyo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsuzaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Toshiaki Watanabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Tasuku Ueno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-0033 , Japan.,Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Investigator , Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) , 1-7-1 Otemachi , Chiyoda-ku , Tokyo 100-0004 , Japan
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7
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Lagunes I, Begines P, Silva A, Galán AR, Puerta A, Fernandes MX, Maya I, Fernández-Bolaños JG, López Ó, Padrón JM. Selenocoumarins as new multitarget antiproliferative agents: Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico calculations. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:493-501. [PMID: 31271961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report a straightforward preparation of new antiproliferative agents based on the hybridization of a coumarin skeleton and an organoselenium motif. Three families were obtained: isoselenocyanate, selenocarbamates and selenoureas. The main purpose of these hybrid structures is the development of new antiproliferative agents with a multitarget mode of action. A strong correlation between the nature of the organosenium scaffold and the antiproliferative activity was observed. Thus, whereas selenocarbamates proved to be inactive, or moderate antiproliferative agents, isoselenocyanate and most of the selenoureas behaved as strong antiproliferative agents, with GI50 values within the low micromolar range. Interestingly, a good selectivity toward tumor cell lines was found for some of the compounds. Moreover, an increase in the ROS level was observed for tumor cells, and accordingly, these pro-oxidant species might be involved in their mode of action. Overall, title compounds were found not to be substrates for P-glycoprotein, which is overexpressed in many cancer cells as a way of detoxification, and thus, to develop drug resistance. In silico calculations revealed that the selenoderivatives prepared herein might undergo a strong interaction with the active site of HDAC8, and therefore, be potential inhibitors of histone deacetylase 8. In vitro assessment against HDAC8 revealed a strong inhibition of such enzyme exerted by selenoureas, particularly by symmetrical coumarin-containing selenourea. Two compounds showed good antiproliferative data and appear as plausible leads for further testings. The symmetrical coumarin 6 displays the best in vitro inhibition of HDAC8, but is affected by P-gp. In contrast, the N-butyl selenourea coumarin derivative 5a escapes P-gp resistance but has lower HDAC8 inhibition activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Lagunes
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Apartado 456, E-38071, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Paloma Begines
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Adrián Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alexis R Galán
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Apartado 456, E-38071, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Adrián Puerta
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Apartado 456, E-38071, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Miguel X Fernandes
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Apartado 456, E-38071, La Laguna, Spain
| | - Inés Maya
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José G Fernández-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, E-41071, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - José M Padrón
- BioLab, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González" (IUBO-AG), Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Canarias (CIBICAN), Universidad de La Laguna, Apartado 456, E-38071, La Laguna, Spain.
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8
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Sharma A, Lee MG, Shi H, Won M, Arambula JF, Sessler JL, Lee JY, Chi SG, Kim JS. Overcoming Drug Resistance by Targeting Cancer Bioenergetics with an Activatable Prodrug. Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Abstract
The past decade has witnessed an explosion in the use of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods in biology and other fields. Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is one of the most widespread of these methods and owes its success in large part to the ability to control the on-off state of fluorophores through various chemical, photochemical, or binding-unbinding mechanisms. We provide here a comprehensive overview of switchable fluorophores in SMLM including a detailed review of all major classes of SMLM fluorophores, and we also address strategies for labeling specimens, considerations for multichannel and live-cell imaging, potential pitfalls, and areas for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
| | - Joshua C. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
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10
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Singh K, Rotaru AM, Beharry AA. Fluorescent Chemosensors as Future Tools for Cancer Biology. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1785-1798. [PMID: 29579380 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that aberrant cellular biochemical activity is strongly linked to the formation and progression of various cancers. Assays that could aid in cancer diagnostics, assessing anticancer drug resistance, and in the discovery of new anticancer drugs are highly warranted. In recent years, a large number of small molecule-based fluorescent chemosensors have been developed for monitoring the activity of enzymes and small biomolecular constituents. These probes have shown several advantages over traditional methods, such as the ability to directly and selectively measure activity of their targets within complex cellular environments. This review will summarize recently developed fluorescent chemosensors that have potential applications in the field of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalpreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Adrian M. Rotaru
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Andrew A. Beharry
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto, Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada
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11
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Development and validation of an improved diced electrophoresis gel assay cutter-plate system for enzymomics studies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1867:82-87. [PMID: 29928991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diced electrophoresis gel (DEG) assay is a methodology to identify enzymes with a specified activity in complex cell or tissue lysates by means of two-dimensional separation using isoelectric focusing and native PAGE, followed by dicing of the gel into small pieces that are assayed separately, and digestion and peptide fingerprinting to identify the protein(s) of interest in positive wells. The existing hand-made system has some disadvantages, and here we describe the development and validation of an improved cutter-plate system that enables simple, reliable and reproducible DEG assay in a 384-well plate-based format with signal readout using fluorometric or LC-MS-based reaction monitoring. To illustrate the usefulness of this system, we describe its application to profile esterase activities in ovarian adenocarcinoma SKOV3 cell lysate and mouse liver lysate that activate a fluorogenic substrate, fluorescein dibutyrate (FDBu), as well as esterase activities in mouse liver lysate that activate S-bromobenzylglutathione dicyclopentyl ester (BBGDC), a prodrug of anti-tumor agent S-bromobenzylglutathione. The activity spot patterns detected for FDBu and BBGDC were completely different, indicating that different metabolic systems are involved in hydrolysis of these substrates. The major detected spot in each case was identified. The developed system provides a highly reproducible general assay platform that should be useful for characterizing novel protein functions in complex bio-samples, as well as enzymomics studies.
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12
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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Gavathiotis E. ICBS 2017 in Shanghai-Illuminating Life with Chemical Innovation. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1111-1122. [PMID: 29677443 PMCID: PMC6855916 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York 10461, United States
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13
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Komatsu T. Potential of Enzymomics Methodologies to Characterize Disease-Related Protein Functions. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:605-610. [PMID: 28674330 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic functions are often altered during disease onset and progression, and therefore chemical-biological studies, which utilize chemical knowledge to discover novel protein functions, are often employed to find proteins with functions closely related to disease phenotypes. Such studies are known as forward chemical-biological approaches and form part of the emerging field of enzymomics (omics of enzymes). This review provides an overview of methodologies available for discovering and characterizing disease-related alterations of enzymatic functions and prospects for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Komatsu
- The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences.,Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) Investigator
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Onagi J, Komatsu T, Ichihashi Y, Kuriki Y, Kamiya M, Terai T, Ueno T, Hanaoka K, Matsuzaki H, Hata K, Watanabe T, Nagano T, Urano Y. Discovery of Cell-Type-Specific and Disease-Related Enzymatic Activity Changes via Global Evaluation of Peptide Metabolism. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3465-3472. [PMID: 28191944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is maintained by a complex network of reactions catalyzed by enormous numbers of enzymatic activities (the enzymome), which serve to determine the phenotypes of cells. Here, we focused on the enzymomics of proteases and peptidases because these enzymes are an important class of disease-related proteins. We describe a system that (A) simultaneously evaluates metabolic activities of peptides using a series of exogenous peptide substrates and (B) identifies the enzymes that metabolize the specified peptide substrate with high throughput. We confirmed that the developed system was able to discover cell-type-specific and disease-related exo- and endopeptidase activities and identify the responsible enzymes. For example, we found that the activity of the endopeptidase neurolysin is highly elevated in human colorectal tumor tissue samples. This simple but powerful enzymomics platform should be widely applicable to uncover cell-type-specific reactions and altered enzymatic functions with potential value as biomarkers or drug targets in various disease states and to investigate the mechanisms of the underlying pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toru Komatsu
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | | | | | - Mako Kamiya
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , 4-1-8 Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yasuteru Urano
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Investigator, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) , 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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15
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Yoshioka K, Komatsu T, Hanaoka K, Ueno T, Terai T, Nagano T, Urano Y. Discovery of a pyruvylated peptide-metabolizing enzyme using a fluorescent substrate-based protein discovery technique. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4377-80. [PMID: 26925595 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We employed a fluorescent substrate-based target discovery approach to screen the enzymome for metabolic activity towards pyruvyl-amidated peptides, and identified an acylamino acid-releasing enzyme (APEH). Cells overexpressing APEH exhibited higher metabolic activity towards the probe, N-pyruvyl-leucyl-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (Pyr-Leu-AMC), while the selective APEH inhibitor AA74-1 blocked the reaction. Metabolism of various pyruvylated peptides in liver lysate was almost completely blocked by AA74-1. Pyruvyl peptides are synthesized in response to oxidative stress, but their biological role is poorly understood; identification of a key contributor to their metabolism should stimulate research on pathways leading from oxidative stress to protein modification and biological output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan and Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tasuku Ueno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Terai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Nagano
- Drug Discovery Initiative, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan and Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan and Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Investigator, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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16
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Han X, Yu F, Song X, Chen L. Quantification of cysteine hydropersulfide with a ratiometric near-infrared fluorescent probe based on selenium-sulfur exchange reaction. Chem Sci 2016; 7:5098-5107. [PMID: 30155159 PMCID: PMC6020118 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00838k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine hydropersulfide (Cys-SSH) plays primary roles in the synthesis of sulfur-containing cofactors, regulation of cellular signaling, activation or inactivation of enzyme activities, and modulation of cellular redox milieu. However, its biofunctions need to be further addressed due to the fact that many issues remain to be clarified. Herein, we conceive a novel ratiometric near-infrared fluorescent probe Cy-Dise for the sensitive and selective detection of Cys-SSH in living cells and in vivo for the first time. Cy-Dise is composed of three moieties: bis(2-hydroxyethyl) diselenide, heptamethine cyanine, and d-galactose. Cy-Dise exhibits a satisfactory linear ratio response to Cys-SSH via a selenium-sulfur exchange reaction in the range of 0-12 μM Cys-SSH. The experimental detection limit is determined to be 0.12 μM. The results of ratio imaging analyses confirm the qualitative and quantitative detection capabilities of Cy-Dise in HepG2 cells, HL-7702 cells, and primary hepatocytes. The level changes of Cys-SSH in cells stimulated by some related reagents are also observed. The probe is also suitable for deep tissue ratio imaging. Organ targeting tests with Cy-Dise in normal Spraque-Dawley (SD) rats and Walker-256 tumor SD rats verify its predominant localization in the liver. The probe is promising for revealing the roles of Cys-SSH in physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Han
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China .
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China .
| | - Xinyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China .
| | - Lingxin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation , Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yantai 264003 , China .
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17
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Komatsu T, Yoshioka K, Hanaoka K, Terai T, Ueno T, Nagano T, Urano Y. Identification of Lung Inflammation-Related Elevation of Acylamino Acid Releasing Enzyme (APEH) Activity Using an Enzymomics Approach. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:1533-1538. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) Investigator, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)
| | - Kentaro Yoshioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takuya Terai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Tasuku Ueno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | | | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) Investigator, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
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