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Diemer V, Roy E, Agouridas V, Melnyk O. Protein desulfurization and deselenization. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8521-8545. [PMID: 39010733 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Methods enabling the dechalcogenation of thiols or selenols have been investigated and developed for a long time in fields of research as diverse as the study of prebiotic chemistry, the engineering of fuel processing techniques, the study of biomolecule structures and function or the chemical synthesis of biomolecules. The dechalcogenation of thiol or selenol amino acids is nowadays a particularly flourishing area of research for being a pillar of modern chemical protein synthesis, when used in combination with thiol or selenol-based chemoselective peptide ligation chemistries. This review offers a comprehensive and scholarly overview of the field, emphasizing emerging trends and providing a detailed and critical mechanistic discussion of the dechalcogenation methods developed so far. Taking advantage of recently published reports, it also clarifies some unexpected desulfurization reactions that were observed in the past and for which no explanation was provided at the time. Additionally, the review includes a discussion on principal desulfurization methods within the framework of newly introduced green chemistry metrics and toolkits, providing a well-rounded exploration of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Diemer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Eliott Roy
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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2
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Kerul L, Schrems M, Schmid A, Meli R, Becker CFW, Bello C. Semisynthesis of Homogeneous, Active Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Glycoforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206116. [PMID: 35853828 PMCID: PMC9804750 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine used to treat neutropenia. Different glycosylated and non-glycosylated variants of G-CSF for therapeutic application are currently generated by recombinant expression. Here, we describe our approaches to establish a first semisynthesis strategy to access the aglycone and O-glycoforms of G-CSF, thereby enabling the preparation of selectively and homogeneously post-translationally modified variants of this important cytokine. Eventually, we succeeded by combining selenocysteine ligation of a recombinantly produced N-terminal segment with a synthetic C-terminal part, transiently equipped with a side-chain-linked, photocleavable PEG moiety, at low concentration. The transient PEGylation enabled quantitative enzymatic elongation of the carbohydrate at Thr133. Overall, we were able to significantly reduce the problems related to the low solubility and the tendency to aggregate of the two protein segments, which allowed the preparation of four G-CSF variants that were successfully folded and demonstrated biological activity in cell proliferation assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kerul
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Maximilian Schrems
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Alanca Schmid
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Rajeshwari Meli
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Christian F. W. Becker
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Claudia Bello
- Interdepartmental Research Unit of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and BiologyDepartment of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of Florencevia della Lastruccia 1350019Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)Italy
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3
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Wu H, Wei T, Ngai WL, Zhou H, Li X. Ligation Embedding Aggregation Disruptor Strategy Enables the Chemical Synthesis of PD-1 Immunoglobulin and Extracellular Domains. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14748-14757. [PMID: 35918891 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis of proteins with aggregable or colloidal peptide segments presents a formidable task, as such peptides prove to be difficult for both solid-phase peptide synthesis and peptide ligation. To address this issue, we have developed ligation embedding aggregation disruptor (LEAD) as an effective strategy for the chemical synthesis of difficult-to-obtain proteins. The N,O/S-benzylidene acetals generated from Ser/Thr ligation and Cys/Pen ligation are found to effectively disrupt peptide aggregation, and they can be carried for sequential ligations toward protein synthesis. The effectiveness and generality of this strategy have been demonstrated with total syntheses of programmed cell death protein 1 immunoglobulin like V-type domain and extracellular domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongyao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai Lok Ngai
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
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4
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Kerul L, Schrems M, Schmid A, Meli R, Becker CF, Bello C. Semisynthesis of Homogeneous, Active Granulocyte Colony‐Stimulating Factor Glycoforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kerul
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | | | - Alanca Schmid
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | | | - Christian F.W. Becker
- Universitat Wien Institute of Biological Chemistry Währinger Str. 38 1090 Vienna AUSTRIA
| | - Claudia Bello
- University of Florence: Universita degli Studi di Firenze Chemistry ITALY
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5
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Erickson PW, Fulcher JM, Spaltenstein P, Kay MS. Traceless Click-Assisted Native Chemical Ligation Enabled by Protecting Dibenzocyclooctyne from Acid-Mediated Rearrangement with Copper(I). Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:2233-2244. [PMID: 34619957 PMCID: PMC9769386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The scope of proteins accessible to total chemical synthesis via native chemical ligation (NCL) is often limited by slow ligation kinetics. Here we describe Click-Assisted NCL (CAN), in which peptides are incorporated with traceless "helping hand" lysine linkers that enable addition of dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) and azide handles. The resulting strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) increases their effective concentration to greatly accelerate ligations. We demonstrate that copper(I) protects DBCO from acid-mediated rearrangement during acidic peptide cleavage, enabling direct production of DBCO synthetic peptides. Excitingly, triazole-linked model peptides ligated rapidly and accumulated little side product due to the fast reaction time. Using the E. coli ribosomal subunit L32 as a model protein, we further demonstrate that SPAAC, ligation, desulfurization, and linker cleavage steps can be performed in one pot. CAN is a useful method for overcoming challenging ligations involving sterically hindered junctions. Additionally, CAN is anticipated to be an important stepping stone toward a multisegment, one-pot, templated ligation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W. Erickson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Institute for Protein Design, Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - James M. Fulcher
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Paul Spaltenstein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Michael S. Kay
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 North Medical Drive East, Room 4100, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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6
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Anderluh M, Berti F, Bzducha‐Wróbel A, Chiodo F, Colombo C, Compostella F, Durlik K, Ferhati X, Holmdahl R, Jovanovic D, Kaca W, Lay L, Marinovic‐Cincovic M, Marradi M, Ozil M, Polito L, Reina‐Martin JJ, Reis CA, Sackstein R, Silipo A, Švajger U, Vaněk O, Yamamoto F, Richichi B, van Vliet SJ. Emerging glyco-based strategies to steer immune responses. FEBS J 2021; 288:4746-4772. [PMID: 33752265 PMCID: PMC8453523 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycan structures are common posttranslational modifications of proteins, which serve multiple important structural roles (for instance in protein folding), but also are crucial participants in cell-cell communications and in the regulation of immune responses. Through the interaction with glycan-binding receptors, glycans are able to affect the activation status of antigen-presenting cells, leading either to induction of pro-inflammatory responses or to suppression of immunity and instigation of immune tolerance. This unique feature of glycans has attracted the interest and spurred collaborations of glyco-chemists and glyco-immunologists to develop glycan-based tools as potential therapeutic approaches in the fight against diseases such as cancer and autoimmune conditions. In this review, we highlight emerging advances in this field, and in particular, we discuss on how glycan-modified conjugates or glycoengineered cells can be employed as targeting devices to direct tumor antigens to lectin receptors on antigen-presenting cells, like dendritic cells. In addition, we address how glycan-based nanoparticles can act as delivery platforms to enhance immune responses. Finally, we discuss some of the latest developments in glycan-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to achieve targeting of tumor-associated glycan-specific epitopes, as well as the use of glycan moieties to suppress ongoing immune responses, especially in the context of autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Chair of Pharmaceutical ChemistryFaculty of PharmacyUniversity of LjubljanaSlovenia
| | | | - Anna Bzducha‐Wróbel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food MicrobiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWPoland
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational MedicineUniversity of MilanItaly
| | - Katarzyna Durlik
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation ResearchDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology and ParasitologyJan Kochanowski UniversityKielcePoland
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo)University of MilanItaly
| | - Milena Marinovic‐Cincovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences ‐ National Institute of the Republic of SerbiaUniversity of BelgradeSerbia
| | - Marco Marradi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Musa Ozil
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Arts and SciencesRecep Tayyip Erdogan University RizeTurkey
| | | | | | - Celso A. Reis
- I3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em SaúdeUniversidade do PortoPortugal
- IPATIMUP‐Institute of Molecular Pathology and ImmunologyInstituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel SalazarUniversity of PortoPortugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicinethe Translational Glycobiology InstituteHerbert Wertheim College of MedicineFlorida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of Naples Federico IIComplesso Universitario Monte Sant’AngeloNapoliItaly
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of SloveniaLjubljanaSlovenia
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Fumiichiro Yamamoto
- Immunohematology & Glycobiology LaboratoryJosep Carreras Leukaemia Research InstituteBadalonaSpain
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Ugo Schiff’University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Sandra J. van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyCancer Center AmsterdamAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit AmsterdamNetherlands
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7
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Boutin JA, Tartar AL, van Dorsselaer A, Vaudry H. General lack of structural characterization of chemically synthesized long peptides. Protein Sci 2019; 28:857-867. [PMID: 30851143 PMCID: PMC6459998 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Many peptide chemistry scientists have been reporting extremely interesting work on the basis of chemical peptides for which the only characterization was their purity, mass, and biological activity. It seems slightly overenthusiastic, as many of these structures should be thoroughly characterized first to demonstrate the uniqueness of the structure, as opposed to the uniqueness of the sequence. Among the peptides of identical sequences in the final chemical preparation, what amount of well-folded peptide supports the measured activity? The activity of a peptide preparation cannot prove the purity of the desired peptide. Therefore, greater care should be taken in characterizing peptides, particularly those coming from chemical synthesis. At a time when the pharmaceutical industry is changing its paradigm by moving substantially from small molecules to biologics to better serve patients' needs, it is important to understand the limitations of the descriptions of these products and to start to apply the same "good laboratory practices" to our peptide research. Here, we attempt to delineate how synthetic peptides are described and characterized and what will be needed to describe them in regards to how they are well-folded and homogeneous in their tertiary structure. Older studies were done when the tools were not yet discovered, but more recent publications are still lacking proper descriptions of these peptides. Modern tools of analysis are capable of segregating folded and unfolded peptides, even if the preparation is biologically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A. Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier50 rue Carnot, 92284, Suresnes‐CedexFrance
| | - André L. Tartar
- Faculté de Pharmacie 3rue du Professeur Laguesse, BP83 ‐ 59006, Lille‐CedexFrance
| | - Alain van Dorsselaer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio‐Organique, Département des Sciences AnalytiquesInstitut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert CurienUMR 7178 (CNRS‐UdS), ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, F67087, Strasbourg‐Cedex 2France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- Plate‐Forme de Recherche en Imagerie Cellulaire de Normandie (PRIMACEN)Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicales (IRIB), Université de Rouen76821, Mont‐Saint‐Aignan CedexFrance
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8
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Di Paolo A, Arrigoni E. Generic Substitution of Orphan Drugs for the Treatment of Rare Diseases: Exploring the Potential Challenges. Drugs 2019; 78:399-410. [PMID: 29464665 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-018-0882-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Generic drugs are important components of measures introduced by healthcare regulatory authorities to reduce treatment costs. In most patients and conditions the switch from a branded drug to its generic counterpart is performed with no major complications. However, evidence from complex diseases suggests that generic substitution requires careful evaluation in some settings and that current bioequivalence criteria may not always be adequate for establishing the interchangeability of branded and generic products. Rare diseases, also called orphan diseases, are a group of heterogeneous diseases that share important characteristics: in addition to their scarcity, most are severe, chronic, highly debilitating, and often present in early childhood. Finding a treatment for a rare disease is challenging. Thanks to incentives that encourage research and development programs in rare diseases, several orphan drugs are currently available. The elevated cost of orphan drugs is a highly debated issue and a cause of limited access to treatment for many patients. As patent protection and the exclusivity period of several orphan drugs will expire soon, generic versions of orphan drugs should reach the market shortly, with great expectations about their impact on the economic burden of rare diseases. However, consistent with other complex diseases, generic substitution may require thoughtful considerations and may be even contraindicated in some rare conditions. This article provides an overview of rare disease characteristics, reviews reports of problematic generic substitution, and discusses why generic substitution of orphan drugs may be challenging and should be undertaken carefully in rare disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Di Paolo
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Elena Arrigoni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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9
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Abstract
The translation of biological glycosylation in humans to the clinical applications involves systematic studies using homogeneous samples of oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates, which could be accessed by chemical, enzymatic or other biological methods. However, the structural complexity and wide-range variations of glycans and their conjugates represent a major challenge in the synthesis of this class of biomolecules. To help navigate within many methods of oligosaccharide synthesis, this Perspective offers a critical assessment of the most promising synthetic strategies with an eye on the therapeutically relevant targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Krasnova
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road , La Jolla , California 92037 , United States.,Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica , Taipei 115 , Taiwan
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10
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Levinson AM, McGee JH, Roberts AG, Creech GS, Wang T, Peterson MT, Hendrickson RC, Verdine GL, Danishefsky SJ. Total Chemical Synthesis and Folding of All-l and All-d Variants of Oncogenic KRas(G12V). J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:7632-7639. [PMID: 28448128 PMCID: PMC5606205 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b02988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Ras proteins are essential GTPases involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and survival. Mutated oncogenic forms of Ras alter effector binding and innate GTPase activity, leading to deregulation of downstream signal transduction. Mutated forms of Ras are involved in approximately 30% of human cancers. Despite decades of effort to develop direct Ras inhibitors, Ras has long been considered "undruggable" due to its high affinity for GTP and its lack of hydrophobic binding pockets. Herein, we report a total chemical synthesis of all-l- and all-d-amino acid biotinylated variants of oncogenic mutant KRas(G12V). The protein is synthesized using Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis and assembled using combined native chemical ligation and isonitrile-mediated activation strategies. We demonstrate that both KRas(G12V) enantiomers can successfully fold and bind nucleotide substrates and binding partners with observable enantiodiscrimination. By demonstrating the functional competency of a mirror-image form of KRas bound to its corresponding enantiomeric nucleotide triphosphate, this study sets the stage for further biochemical studies with this material. In particular, this protein will enable mirror-image yeast surface display experiments to identify all-d peptide ligands for oncogenic KRas, providing a useful tool in the search for new therapeutics against this challenging disease target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Levinson
- Laboratory for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - John H. McGee
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Andrew G. Roberts
- Laboratory for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
| | - Gardner S. Creech
- Laboratory for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
| | - Ting Wang
- Laboratory for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Peterson
- Laboratory for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
| | - Ronald C. Hendrickson
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
| | - Gregory L. Verdine
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, and Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02138
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bio-Organic Chemistry, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Chemical Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute (SKI) for Cancer Research, New York, New York 10065, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027, United States of America
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11
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Schwieter KE, Johnston JN. On-Demand Complex Peptide Synthesis: An Aspirational (and Elusive?) Goal for Peptide Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14160-14169. [PMID: 27740747 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peptide synthesis is a truly interdisciplinary tool, familiar to a broad group of scientists who do not otherwise overlap scientifically. For this reason, some may perceive even complex peptide synthesis to be a "solved problem", while others might argue that immense opportunity remains untapped or simply inaccessible. At the extreme of complexity, what might a concise assessment of the state-of-the-art in peptide synthesis look like? As one of the most practiced forms of synthetic chemistry by chemists and non-chemists alike, what restrictions remain that constrain access to chemical space? Using popular terminology, what forms of peptide synthesis are appropriately termed "on-demand"? The purpose of this Perspective is to appraise synthetic access to complex peptides, particularly those containing unnatural α-amino amides. Several case studies in complex peptide synthesis are summarized here, each selected to characterize the challenges attendant to unnatural α-amino amide synthesis. As peptidic molecules find increasing value in therapeutic development, especially in clinical applications, their impact will ultimately be determined by efficient preparative methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth E Schwieter
- Department of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Jeffrey N Johnston
- Department of Chemistry and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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12
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Abstract
The present review offers an overview of nonclassical (e.g., with no pre- or in situ activation of a carboxylic acid partner) approaches for the construction of amide bonds. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was mainly done in the field in the last 20 years. Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to substrate classes: catalytic direct formation of amides from carboxylic and amines ( section 2 ); the use of carboxylic acid surrogates ( section 3 ); and the use of amine surrogates ( section 4 ). The ligation strategies (NCL, Staudinger, KAHA, KATs, etc.) that could involve both carboxylic acid and amine surrogates are treated separately in section 5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Marcia de Figueiredo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Simon Suppo
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jean-Marc Campagne
- Institut Charles Gerhardt de Montpellier (ICGM), UMR 5253-CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie , 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale, 34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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13
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Lee CL, Liu H, Wong CTT, Chow HY, Li X. Enabling N-to-C Ser/Thr Ligation for Convergent Protein Synthesis via Combining Chemical Ligation Approaches. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10477-84. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b04238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Lung Lee
- Department of Chemistry,
The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Chemistry,
The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clarence T. T. Wong
- Department of Chemistry,
The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Yee Chow
- Department of Chemistry,
The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry,
The State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Facile synthesis of C-terminal peptide thioacids under mild conditions from N -sulfanylethylanilide peptides. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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