1
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Wu J, Du W, Zhang L, Li G, Yang R, Xia Z. Photosensitized Reductive Elimination of Gold(III) to Enable Esterification of Aryl Iodides with Carboxylic Acids. JACS AU 2024; 4:3084-3093. [PMID: 39211587 PMCID: PMC11350571 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Compared to the well-established transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions, Au(I)/Au(III)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have lagged behind. Despite some advancements, achieving gold-catalyzed C-O coupling with carboxylic acids via an Au(III) carboxylate intermediate remains challenging due to the thermal unfavorability of the critical reductive elimination step. Here, we present the first photosensitized reductive elimination of gold(III) to enable esterification of aryl iodides with carboxylic acids. In the presence of a (P, N)-gold(I) catalyst and a photosensitizer benzophenone under blue LED irradiation, esterification derivatives were obtained from aryl iodides with both aryl and alkyl (1°, 2°, 3°) carboxylic acids. Mechanistic and modeling studies support that energy transfer (EnT) from a photosensitizer produces an excited-state gold(III) complex that couples aryl iodides with carboxylic acids. This photoinduced energy-transfer strategy has been applied in several other photosensitized gold catalysis reactions, indicating its potential for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wu
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenqian Du
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lizhu Zhang
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gang Li
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rongjie Yang
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhonghua Xia
- School
of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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2
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Font P, Valdés H, Ribas X. Consolidation of the Oxidant-Free Au(I)/Au(III) Catalysis Enabled by the Hemilabile Ligand Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405824. [PMID: 38687322 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
In this minireview we survey the challenges and strategies in gold redox catalysis. Gold's reluctance to oxidative addition reactions due to its high redox potential limits its applicability. Initial attempts to overcome this problem focused on the use of sacrificial external oxidants in stoichiometric amounts to bring Au(I) compounds to Au(III) reactive species. Recently, innovative approaches focused on employing hemilabile ligands, which are capable of coordinating to Au(I) and stabilizing square-planar Au(III) intermediates, thus facilitating oxidative addition steps and enabling oxidant-free catalysis. Notable examples include the use of the (P^N) bidendate MeDalphos ligand to achieve various cross-coupling reactions via oxidative addition Au(I)/Au(III). Importantly, hemilabile ligand-enabled catalysis allows merging oxidative addition with π-activation, such as oxy- and aminoarylation of alkenols and alkenamines using organohalides, expanding gold's versatility in C-C and C-heteroatom bond formations and unprecedented cyclizations. Moreover, recent advancements in enantioselective catalysis using chiral hemilabile (P^N) ligands are also surveyed. Strikingly, versatile bidentate (C^N) hemilabile ligands as competitors of MeDalphos have appeared recently, by designing scaffolds where phosphine groups are substituted by N-heterocyclic or mesoionic carbenes. Overall, these approaches highlight the evolving landscape of gold redox catalysis and its tremendous potential in a broad scope of transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Font
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona, E-17003, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hugo Valdés
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona, E-17003, Catalonia, Spain
- Current address: Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, Girona, E-17003, Catalonia, Spain
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3
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Vesseur D, Li S, Mallet-Ladeira S, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. Ligand-Enabled Oxidative Fluorination of Gold(I) and Light-Induced Aryl-F Coupling at Gold(III). J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38607393 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
MeDalphos Au(I) complexes featuring aryl, alkynyl, and alkyl groups readily react with electrophilic fluorinating reagents such as N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide and Selectfluor. The ensuing [(MeDalphos)Au(R)F]+ complexes have been isolated and characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction. They adopt a square-planar contra-thermodynamic structure, with F trans to N. DFT/IBO calculations show that the N lone pair of MeDalphos assists and directs the transfer of F+ to gold. The [(MeDalphos)Au(Ar)F]+ (Ar = Mes, 2,6-F2Ph) complexes smoothly engage in C-C cross-coupling with PhCCSiMe3 and Me3SiCN, providing direct evidence for the oxidative fluorination/transmetalation/reductive elimination sequence proposed for F+-promoted gold-catalyzed transformations. Moreover, direct reductive elimination to forge a C-F bond at Au(III) was explored and substantiated. Thermal means proved unsuccessful, leading mostly to decomposition, but irradiation with UV-visible light enabled efficient promotion of aryl-F coupling (up to 90% yield). The light-induced reductive elimination proceeds under mild conditions; it works even with the electron-deprived 2,6-difluorophenyl group, and it is not limited to the contra-thermodynamic form of the aryl Au(III) fluoride complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vesseur
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Shuo Li
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (UAR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- E2S-UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254), CNRS/Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau, Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, Cedex 09, France
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4
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Muratov K, Zaripov E, Berezovski MV, Gagosz F. DFT-Enabled Development of Hemilabile (P ∧N) Ligands for Gold(I/III) RedOx Catalysis: Application to the Thiotosylation of Aryl Iodides. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3660-3674. [PMID: 38315643 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Ligand-enabled oxidative addition of Csp2-X bonds to Au(I) centers has recently appeared as a valuable strategy for the development of catalytic RedOx processes. Several cross-coupling reactions that were previously considered difficult to achieve were reported lately, thus expanding the synthetic potential of gold(I) complexes beyond the traditional nucleophilic functionalization of π-systems. MeDalPhos has played an important role in this development and, despite several studies on alternative structures, remains, so far, the only general ligand for such process. We report herein the discovery and DFT-enabled structural optimization of a new family of hemilabile (P∧N) ligands that can promote the oxidative addition of aryl iodides to gold(I). These flexible ligands, which possess a common 2-methylamino heteroaromatic N-donor motif, are structurally and electronically tunable, beyond being easily accessible and affordable. The corresponding Au(I) complexes were shown to outperform the reactivity of (MeDalPhos)Au(I) in a series of alkoxy- and amidoarylations of alkenes. Their synthetic potential and comparatively higher reactivity were further highlighted in the thiotosylation of aryl iodides, a challenging unreported C-S cross-coupling reaction that could not be achieved under classical Pd(0/II) catalysis and that allows for general and divergent access to aryl sulfur derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Muratov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Emil Zaripov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Maxim V Berezovski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Fabien Gagosz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
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5
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Shiri F, Ho CC, Bissember AC, Ariafard A. Advancing Gold Redox Catalysis: Mechanistic Insights, Nucleophilicity-Guided Transmetalation, and Predictive Frameworks for the Oxidation of Aryl Gold(I) Complexes. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302990. [PMID: 37967304 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Gold redox catalysis, often facilitated by hypervalent iodine(III) reagents, offers unique reactivity but its progress is mainly hindered by an incomplete mechanistic understanding. In this study, we investigated the reaction between the gold(I) complexes [(aryl)Au(PR3 )] and the hypervalent iodine(III) reagent PhICl2 , both experimentally and computationally and provided an explanation for the formation of divergent products as the ligands bonded to the gold(I) center change. We tackled this essential question by uncovering an intriguing transmetalation mechanism that takes place between gold(I) and gold(III) complexes. We found that the ease of transmetalation is governed by the nucleophilicity of the gold(I) complex, [(aryl)Au(PR3 )], with greater nucleophilicity leading to a lower activation energy barrier. Remarkably, transmetalation is mainly controlled by a single orbital - the gold dx 2 -y 2 orbital. This orbital also has a profound influence on the reactivity of the oxidative addition step. In this way, the fundamental mechanistic basis of divergent outcomes in reactions of aryl gold(I) complexes with PhICl2 was established and these observations are reconciled from first principles. The theoretical model developed in this study provides a conceptual framework for anticipating the outcomes of reactions involving [(aryl)Au(PR3 )] with PhICl2 , thereby establishing a solid foundation for further advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Poonak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Curtis C Ho
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Alex C Bissember
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Alireza Ariafard
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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6
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Xia S, Li W, Chen H, Zhu C, Han J, Xie J. Gold-Manganese Bimetallic Redox Coupling with Light. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38039269 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The classical Au(I)/Au(III) redox couple chemistry has been limited to constructing C-C and C-X bonds, and thus, the exploration of the elementary reaction of gold redox coupling is very significant to enrich its organometallic features. Herein, we report the first visible-light-mediated, external oxidant-free Au(I)/Au(III) redox couple using commercially available Mn2(CO)10 to generate Mn-Au(III)-Mn intermediates for bimetallic redox coupling. A wide range of structurally diverse heterodinuclear and polynuclear L-Au(I)-Mn-L' complexes (19 examples, up to >99% yields) are readily constructed, providing a robust strategy for the concise construction of Au-Mn complexes under mild reaction conditions. The mechanistic studies together with DFT calculations support the radical oxidative addition of •Mn(CO)5 to gold and bimetallic reductive elimination mechanisms from highly active Mn-Au(III)-Mn species, representing an important step toward an elementary reaction in gold chemistry research. Furthermore, the resulting Au-Mn complexes exhibit unique catalytic activity, with which divergent reductive coupling of nitroarenes can readily afford azoxybenzenes, azobenzenes, and hydrazobenzenes in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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7
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Demonti L, Joven-Sancho D, Nebra N. Cross-Coupling Reactions Enabled by Well-Defined Ag(III) Compounds: Main Focus on Aromatic Fluorination and Trifluoromethylation. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300143. [PMID: 37338273 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
AgIII compounds are considered strong oxidizers of difficult handling. Accordingly, the involvement of Ag catalysts in cross-coupling via 2e- redox sequences is frequently discarded. Nevertheless, organosilver(III) compounds have been authenticated using tetradentate macrocycles or perfluorinated groups as supporting ligands, and since 2014, first examples of cross-coupling enabled by AgI /AgIII redox cycles saw light. This review collects the most relevant contributions to this field, with main focus on aromatic fluorination/perfluoroalkylation and the identification of AgIII key intermediates. Pertinent comparison between the activity of AgIII RF compounds in aryl-F and aryl-CF3 couplings vs. the one shown by its CuIII RF and AuIII RF congeners is herein disclosed, thus providing a more profound picture on the scope of these transformations and the pathways commonly associated to C-RF bond formations enabled by coinage metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Demonti
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA)., Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS., 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France)
| | - Daniel Joven-Sancho
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA)., Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS., 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France)
| | - Noel Nebra
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA)., Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS., 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France)
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8
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Zhang H, Wu J, Zhang X, Fan M. LiBF 4-Promoted Aromatic Fluorodetriazenation under Mild Conditions. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12826-12834. [PMID: 37594375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
An efficient and mild fluorination method through LiBF4-promoted aromatic fluorodetriazenation of 3,3-dimethyl-1-aryltriazenes is developed. The reaction proceeds smoothly and tends to complete within 2 h in the absence of a protic acid or strong Lewis acid. This method tolerates a wide range of functional groups and affords the aryl fluoride products in moderate to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
| | - Xingxian Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Mengyang Fan
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P.R. China
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9
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Brotons-Rufes A, Bahri-Laleh N, Poater A. H-Bonding leading to latent initiators for olefin metathesis polymerization. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:252-268. [PMID: 37186245 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00163b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium-NHC based catalysts, with a chelated iminium ligand trans to the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand, that polymerize dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) at different temperatures are monitored using Density Functional Theory calculations to unveil the reaction mechanism, and subsequently how important are the geometrical and electronic features vs. the non-covalent interactions in between. The balance is very fragile and H-bonds are fundamental to explain the different behaviour of latent catalysts. This computational study aims to facilitate future studies of new generations of latent initiators for olefin metathesis polymerization, with the 3D and mainly the 2D Non-Covalent Interaction plots the characterization tool for H-bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Brotons-Rufes
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Naeimeh Bahri-Laleh
- Polymerization Engineering Department, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute (IPPI), P.O. Box 14965/115, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi, Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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10
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Scott SC, Cadge JA, Boden GK, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Hemilabile NHC-Gold Complex and its Application to the Redox Neutral 1,2-Oxyarylation of Feedstock Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301526. [PMID: 36995930 PMCID: PMC10962591 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe a AuI complex of a hemi-labile (C^N) N-heterocyclic carbene ligand that is able to mediate oxidative addition of aryl iodides. Detailed computational and experimental investigations have been undertaken to verify and rationalize the oxidative addition process. Application of this initiation mode has resulted in the first examples of "exogenous oxidant-free" AuI /AuIII catalyzed 1,2-oxyarylations of ethylene and propylene. These demanding yet powerful processes establish these commodity chemicals as nucleophilic-electrophilic building blocks in catalytic reaction design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C. Scott
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Jamie A. Cadge
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - Grace K. Boden
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUK
| | - John F. Bower
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUK
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11
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Hall JR, Blythe IM, Sharninghausen LS, Sanford MS. Copper-Mediated Fluoroalkylation of Aryl Bromides and Chlorides Enabled by Directing Groups. Organometallics 2023; 42:543-546. [PMID: 37841393 PMCID: PMC10575473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the reactions between N-heterocyclic carbene copper(I) fluoroalkyl complexes and aryl halides bearing ortho-directing groups. Pyridine, pyrazole, oxazoline, imine, and ester directing groups are shown to dramatically enhance the reactivity of aryl bromides and chlorides with (IPr)CuI-fluoroalkyl complexes (IPr = 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene; fluoroalkyl = difluoromethyl and pentafluoroethyl) to afford aryl-fluoroalkyl coupling products. This approach is leveraged to achieve the Cu-catalyzed directed fluoroalkylation of a series of aryl bromide substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Hall
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Isaac M. Blythe
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Liam S. Sharninghausen
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemistry, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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12
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Gao P, Xu J, Zhou T, Liu Y, Bisz E, Dziuk B, Lalancette R, Szostak R, Zhang D, Szostak M. L-Shaped Heterobidentate Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene (N,C)-Ligands for Oxidant-Free Au I /Au III Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218427. [PMID: 36696514 PMCID: PMC9992098 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, major advances have been made in homogeneous gold catalysis. However, AuI /AuIII catalytic cycle remains much less explored due to the reluctance of AuI to undergo oxidative addition and the stability of the AuIII intermediate. Herein, we report activation of aryl halides at gold(I) enabled by NHC (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands through the development of a new class of L-shaped heterobidentate ImPy (ImPy=imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-ylidene) N,C ligands that feature hemilabile character of the amino group in combination with strong σ-donation of the carbene center in a rigid conformation, imposed by the ligand architecture. Detailed characterization and control studies reveal key ligand features for AuI /AuIII redox cycle, wherein the hemilabile nitrogen is placed at the coordinating position of a rigid framework. Given the tremendous significance of homogeneous gold catalysis, we anticipate that this ligand platform will find widespread application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States)
| | - Jihong Xu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)
| | - Tongliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States)
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)
| | - Elwira Bisz
- Department of Chemistry, Opole University, 48 Oleska Street, Opole 45-052 (Poland)
| | - Błażej Dziuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, Wroclaw 50-373 (Poland)
| | - Roger Lalancette
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States)
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383 (Poland)
| | - Dongju Zhang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100 (China)
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102 (United States)
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13
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Das A, Patil NT. Ligand-Enabled Gold-Catalyzed C(sp 2)–O Cross-Coupling Reactions. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Avishek Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
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14
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Portugués A, Martínez-Nortes MÁ, Bautista D, González-Herrero P, Gil-Rubio J. Reductive Elimination Reactions in Gold(III) Complexes Leading to C(sp 3)-X (X = C, N, P, O, Halogen) Bond Formation: Inner-Sphere vs S N2 Pathways. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:1708-1718. [PMID: 36658748 PMCID: PMC9890567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The reactions leading to the formation of C-heteroatom bonds in the coordination sphere of Au(III) complexes are uncommon, and their mechanisms are not well known. This work reports on the synthesis and reductive elimination reactions of a series of Au(III) methyl complexes containing different Au-heteroatom bonds. Complexes [Au(CF3)(Me)(X)(PR3)] (R = Ph, X = OTf, OClO3, ONO2, OC(O)CF3, F, Cl, Br; R = Cy, X = Me, OTf, Br) were obtained by the reaction of trans-[Au(CF3)(Me)2(PR3)] (R = Ph, Cy) with HX. The cationic complex cis-[Au(CF3)(Me)(PPh3)2]OTf was obtained by the reaction of [Au(CF3)(Me)(OTf)(PPh3)] with PPh3. Heating these complexes led to the reductive elimination of MeX (X = Me, Ph3P+, OTf, OClO3, ONO2, OC(O)CF3, F, Cl, Br). Mechanistic studies indicate that these reductive elimination reactions occur either through (a) the formation of tricoordinate intermediates by phosphine dissociation, followed by reductive elimination of MeX, or (b) the attack of weakly coordinating anionic (TfO- or ClO4-) or neutral nucleophiles (PPh3 or NEt3) to the Au-bound methyl carbon. The obtained results show for the first time that the nucleophilic substitution should be considered as a likely reductive elimination pathway in Au(III) alkyl complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Portugués
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-Nortes
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Delia Bautista
- ACTI,
Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo González-Herrero
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Gil-Rubio
- Departamento
de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain,
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15
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Cadge JA, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Systematic Study of the Effects of Complex Structure on Aryl Iodide Oxidative Addition at Bipyridyl‐Ligated Gold(I) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. Russell
- School of Chemistry University of Bristol Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS United Kingdom
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16
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Cadge JA, Bower JF, Russell CA. A Systematic Study of the Effects of Complex Structure on Aryl Iodide Oxidative Addition at Bipyridyl-Ligated Gold(I) Centers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24976-24983. [PMID: 34533267 PMCID: PMC9298241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A combined theoretical and experimental approach has been used to study the unusual mechanism of oxidative addition of aryl iodides to [bipyAu(C2 H4 )]+ complexes. The modular nature of this system allowed a systematic assessment of the effects of complex structure. Computational comparisons between cationic gold and the isolobal (neutral) Pd0 and Pt0 complexes revealed similar mechanistic features, but with oxidative addition being significantly favored for the group 10 metals. Further differences between Au and Pd were seen in experimental studies: studying reaction rates as a function of electronic and steric properties showed that ligands bearing more electron-poor functionality increase the rate of oxidative addition; in a complementary way, electron-rich aryl iodides give faster rates. This divergence in mechanism compared to Pd suggests that Ar-X oxidative addition with Au can underpin a broad range of new or complementary transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUnited Kingdom
| | - John F. Bower
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantock's CloseBristolBS8 1TSUnited Kingdom
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of LiverpoolCrown StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZDUnited Kingdom
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17
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Bhoyare VW, Tathe AG, Das A, Chintawar CC, Patil NT. The interplay of carbophilic activation and Au(I)/Au(III) catalysis: an emerging technique for 1,2-difunctionalization of C-C multiple bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10422-10450. [PMID: 34323240 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00700e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gold complexes have emerged as the catalysts of choice for various functionalization reactions of C-C multiple bonds due to their inherent carbophilic nature. In a parallel space, efforts to realize less accessible cross-coupling reactivity have led to the development of various strategies that facilitate the arduous Au(i)/Au(iii) redox cycle. The interplay of the two important reactivity modes encountered in gold catalysis, namely carbophilic activation and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis, has allowed the development of a novel mechanistic paradigm that sponsors 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of various C-C multiple bonds. Interestingly, the reactivity as well as selectivity obtained through this interplay could be complementary to that obtained by the use of various other transition metals that mainly involved the classical oxidative addition/migratory insertion pathways. The present review shall comprehensively cover all the 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of C-C multiple bonds that have been realized by the interplay of the two important reactivity modes and categorized on the basis of the method that has been employed to foster the Au(i)/Au(iii) redox cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek W Bhoyare
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Akash G Tathe
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Avishek Das
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Chetan C Chintawar
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
| | - Nitin T Patil
- India Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal - 462 066, India.
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18
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Abstract
In this contribution, we provide an overview of the main avenues that have emerged in gold coordination chemistry during the last years. The unique properties of gold have motivated research in gold chemistry, and especially regarding the properties and applications of gold compounds in catalysis, medicine, and materials chemistry. The advances in the synthesis and knowledge of gold coordination compounds have been possible with the design of novel ligands becoming relevant motifs that have allowed the preparation of elusive complexes in this area of research. Strong donor ligands with easily modulable electronic and steric properties, such as stable singlet carbenes or cyclometalated ligands, have been decisive in the stabilization of gold(0) species, gold fluoride complexes, gold hydrides, unprecedented π complexes, or cluster derivatives. These new ligands have been important not only from the fundamental structure and bonding studies but also for the synthesis of sophisticated catalysts to improve activity and selectivity of organic transformations. Moreover, they have enabled the facile oxidative addition from gold(I) to gold(III) and the design of a plethora of complexes with specific properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel P Herrera
- Laboratorio de Organocatálisis Asimétrica Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M Concepción Gimeno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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19
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Daley RA, Morrenzin AS, Neufeldt SR, Topczewski JJ. Mechanistic Investigation into the Gold-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Iodoarenes. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Daley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aaron S. Morrenzin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sharon R. Neufeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Joseph J. Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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20
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Font P, Ribas X. Fundamental Basis for Implementing Oxidant‐Free Au(I)/Au(III) Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Font
- QBIS-CAT group Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) Departament de Química Universitat de Girona Campus Montilivi Girona 17003 Catalonia Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT group Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) Departament de Química Universitat de Girona Campus Montilivi Girona 17003 Catalonia Spain
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21
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Rocchigiani L, Bochmann M. Recent Advances in Gold(III) Chemistry: Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Role in Homogeneous Catalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 121:8364-8451. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Rocchigiani
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Manfred Bochmann
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR47TJ, United Kingdom
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22
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Medina‐Mercado I, Porcel S. Insights into the Mechanism of Gold(I) Oxidation with Aryldiazonium Salts. Chemistry 2020; 26:16206-16221. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Medina‐Mercado
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de, México Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx. 04510 México
| | - Susana Porcel
- Instituto de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de, México Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx. 04510 México
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23
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Daley RA, Morrenzin AS, Neufeldt SR, Topczewski JJ. Gold Catalyzed Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Iodoarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:13210-13218. [PMID: 32634305 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This report details a decarboxylative cross-coupling of (hetero)aryl carboxylates with iodoarenes in the presence of a gold catalyst (>25 examples, up to 96% yield). This reaction is site specific, which overcomes prior limitations associated with gold catalyzed oxidative coupling reactions. The reactivity of the (hetero)aryl carboxylate correlates qualitatively to the field effect parameter (Fortho). Reactions with isolated gold complexes and DFT calculations support a mechanism proceeding through oxidative addition at a gold(I) cation with decarboxylation being viable at either a gold(I) or a silver(I) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Daley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aaron S Morrenzin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Sharon R Neufeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, United States
| | - Joseph J Topczewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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24
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Wang J, Wei C, Li X, Zhao P, Shan C, Wojtas L, Chen H, Shi X. Gold Redox Catalysis with a Selenium Cation as a Mild Oxidant. Chemistry 2020; 26:5946-5950. [PMID: 32037616 PMCID: PMC7220824 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Gold-catalyzed alkyne and allene diselenations were developed. Excellent regioselectivity (trans) and good to excellent yields were achieved (up to 98 % with 2 % catalyst loading) with a wide range of substrates. Mechanistic investigation revealed the formation of a vinyl gold(I) intermediate followed by an intermolecular selenium cation migration, suggesting that a gold(I/III) redox process was successfully implemented under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Shandong Normal University, College of Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Chiyu Wei
- University of South Florida, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Xuming Li
- University of South Florida, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Pengyi Zhao
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Chemistry and Enviromental Science, UNITED STATES
| | - Chuan Shan
- University of South Florida, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- University of South Florida, Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | - Hao Chen
- New Jersey Institute of Technology, Chemistry and Environmental Science, UNITED STATES
| | - Xiaodong Shi
- University of South Florida, Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Department of Chemistry, 33620, Tampa, UNITED STATES
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25
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Chintawar CC, Yadav AK, Patil NT. Gold‐Catalyzed 1,2‐Diarylation of Alkenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:11808-11813. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C. Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Amit K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan C. Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Amit K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhauri Bhopal 462 066 India
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27
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Cadge JA, Sparkes HA, Bower JF, Russell CA. Oxidative Addition of Alkenyl and Alkynyl Iodides to a Au
I
Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A. Cadge
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close BS8 1TS UK
| | - Hazel A. Sparkes
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close BS8 1TS UK
| | - John F. Bower
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Bristol Cantock's Close BS8 1TS UK
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28
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Cadge JA, Sparkes HA, Bower JF, Russell CA. Oxidative Addition of Alkenyl and Alkynyl Iodides to a Au I Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6617-6621. [PMID: 31951062 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first isolated examples of intermolecular oxidative addition of alkenyl and alkynyl iodides to AuI are reported. Using a 5,5'-difluoro-2,2'-bipyridyl ligated complex, oxidative addition of geometrically defined alkenyl iodides occurs readily, reversibly and stereospecifically to give alkenyl-AuIII complexes. Conversely, reversible alkynyl iodide oxidative addition generates bimetallic complexes containing both AuIII and AuI centers. Stoichiometric studies show that both new initiation modes can form the basis for the development of C-C bond forming cross-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie A Cadge
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Hazel A Sparkes
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, BS8 1TS, UK
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29
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Medina-Mercado I, Asomoza-Solís EO, Martínez-González E, Ugalde-Saldívar VM, Ledesma-Olvera LG, Barquera-Lozada JE, Gómez-Vidales V, Barroso-Flores J, Frontana-Uribe BA, Porcel S. Ascorbic Acid as an Aryl Radical Inducer in the Gold-Mediated Arylation of Indoles with Aryldiazonium Chlorides. Chemistry 2020; 26:634-642. [PMID: 31621965 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years interest in the development of protocols that facilitate the oxidative addition of gold to access mild cross-coupling processes mediated by this metal has increased. In this context, we report herein that ascorbic acid, a natural and readily accessible antioxidant, can be used to accelerate the oxidative addition of aryldiazonium chlorides onto AuI . The aryl-AuIII species generated in this way, has been used to prepare 3-arylindoles in a one-pot protocol starting from anilines and para-, meta-, and ortho- substituted aryldiazonium chlorides. The mechanism underlying the oxidative addition has been examined in detail based on EPR analyses, cyclic voltammetry, and DFT calculations. Interestingly, we have found that in this protocol, the chloride atom induces the AuII /AuIII oxidation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Medina-Mercado
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - Eric Omar Asomoza-Solís
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - Eduardo Martínez-González
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - Victor Manuel Ugalde-Saldívar
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - Lydia Gabriela Ledesma-Olvera
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - José Enrique Barquera-Lozada
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - Virginia Gómez-Vidales
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
| | - Joaquín Barroso-Flores
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México.,Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, C.P. 50200, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Bernardo A Frontana-Uribe
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México.,Centro Conjunto de Investigación en Química Sustentable, UAEM-UNAM, Carretera Toluca-Atlacomulco Km 14.5, C.P. 50200, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Susana Porcel
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Cd. Mx., 04510, México
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30
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Nijamudheen A, Datta A. Gold-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions: An Overview of Design Strategies, Mechanistic Studies, and Applications. Chemistry 2019; 26:1442-1487. [PMID: 31657487 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are central to many organic synthesis methodologies. Traditionally, Pd, Ni, Cu, and Fe catalysts are used to promote these reactions. Recently, many studies have showed that both homogeneous and heterogeneous Au catalysts can be used for activating selective cross-coupling reactions. Here, an overview of the past studies, current trends, and future directions in the field of gold-catalyzed coupling reactions is presented. Design strategies to accomplish selective homocoupling and cross-coupling reactions under both homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions, computational and experimental mechanistic studies, and their applications in diverse fields are critically reviewed. Specific topics covered are: oxidant-assisted and oxidant-free reactions; strain-assisted reactions; dual Au and photoredox catalysis; bimetallic synergistic reactions; mechanisms of reductive elimination processes; enzyme-mimicking Au chemistry; cluster and surface reactions; and plasmonic catalysis. In the relevant sections, theoretical and computational studies of AuI /AuIII chemistry are discussed and the predictions from the calculations are compared with the experimental observations to derive useful design strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nijamudheen
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the, Cultivation of Sciences, 2A & 2B Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India.,Department of Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, Florida A&M University-Florida State University, Joint College of Engineering, 2525 Pottsdamer Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32310, USA
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the, Cultivation of Sciences, 2A & 2B Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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31
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Akram MO, Das A, Chakrabarty I, Patil NT. Ligand-Enabled Gold-Catalyzed C(sp2)–N Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryl Iodides with Amines. Org Lett 2019; 21:8101-8105. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manjur O. Akram
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Avishek Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Indradweep Chakrabarty
- Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Bhopal 462 066, India
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32
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Yang Y, Eberle L, Mulks FF, Wunsch JF, Zimmer M, Rominger F, Rudolph M, Hashmi ASK. Trans Influence of Ligands on the Oxidation of Gold(I) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17414-17420. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Yang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Eberle
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian F. Mulks
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonas F. Wunsch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Zimmer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rudolph
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Rodriguez J, Zeineddine A, Sosa Carrizo ED, Miqueu K, Saffon-Merceron N, Amgoune A, Bourissou D. Catalytic Au(i)/Au(iii) arylation with the hemilabile MeDalphos ligand: unusual selectivity for electron-rich iodoarenes and efficient application to indoles. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7183-7192. [PMID: 31588286 PMCID: PMC6685352 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01954e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the hemilabile (P,N) MeDalphos ligand to trigger oxidative addition of iodoarenes to gold has been thoroughly studied. Competition experiments and Hammett correlations substantiate a clear preference of gold for electron-enriched substrates both in stoichiometric oxidative addition reactions and in catalytic C-C cross-coupling with 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene. This feature markedly contrasts with the higher reactivity of electron-deprived substrates typically encountered with palladium. Based on DFT calculations and detailed analysis of the key transition states (using NBO, CDA and ETS-NOCV methods in particular), the different behavior of the two metals is proposed to result from inverse electron flow between the substrate and metal. Indeed, oxidative addition of iodobenzene is associated with a charge transfer from the substrate to the metal at the transition state for gold, but opposite for palladium. The higher electrophilicity of the gold center favors electron-rich substrates while important back-donation from palladium favors electron-poor substrates. Facile oxidative addition of iodoarenes combined with the propensity of gold(iii) complexes to readily react with electron-rich (hetero)arenes prompted us to apply the (MeDalphos)AuCl complex in the catalytic arylation of indoles, a challenging but very important transformation. The gold complex proved to be very efficient, general and robust. It displays complete regioselectivity for C3 arylation, it tolerates a variety of functional groups at both the iodoarene and indole partners (NO2, CO2Me, Br, OTf, Bpin, OMe…) and it proceeds under mild conditions (75 °C, 2 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - Abdallah Zeineddine
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux , (IPREM UMR 5254) , Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux , (IPREM UMR 5254) , Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Nathalie Saffon-Merceron
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS/Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
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Kim JH, Mertens RT, Agarwal A, Parkin S, Berger G, Awuah SG. Direct intramolecular carbon(sp 2)-nitrogen(sp 2) reductive elimination from gold(iii). Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6273-6282. [PMID: 30989158 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05155k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of bidentate AuIII-Cl species, [(C^N)AuCl2], with a bisphosphine or carbon donor ligands results in reductive elimination. Combined experimental and computational investigations lead to the first evidence of a direct intramolecular C(sp2)-N(sp2) bond formation from a monomeric [(C^N)AuCl2] gold(iii) complex. We show that bidentate ligated Au(iii) systems bypass transmetallation to form C(sp2)-N(sp2) species and NHC-Au-Cl. Mechanistic investigations of the reported transformation reveal a ligand-induced reductive elimination via a key AuIII intermediate. Kinetic studies of the reaction support a second-order rate process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA.
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35
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Zang W, Wei Y, Shi M. Gold(I)-catalyzed Benzylation of (Hetero)aryl Boronic Acids with (Hetero)benzyl Bromides by the Strategy of a S N 2-type Reaction. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2791-2795. [PMID: 30051607 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the first example of gold-catalyzed benzylation of (hetero)aryl boronic acids with (hetero)benzyl bromides to give the corresponding cross-coupling products in moderate to good yields is reported. The reaction proceeds through a possible intermolecular SN 2-type reaction pathway to give a wide variety of di(hetero)arylmethanes as the desired products. An intriguing reaction mechanism has been proposed on the basis of control experiments, 31 P-NMR spectroscopic detection and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Min Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
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36
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Evano G, Nitelet A, Thilmany P, Dewez DF. Metal-Mediated Halogen Exchange in Aryl and Vinyl Halides: A Review. Front Chem 2018; 6:114. [PMID: 29755967 PMCID: PMC5932166 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Halogenated arenes and alkenes are of prime importance in many areas of science, especially in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and chemical industries. While the simplest ones are commercially available, some of them are still hardly accessible depending on their substitution patterns and the nature of the halogen atom. Reactions enabling the selective and efficient replacement of the halogen atom of an aryl or alkenyl halide by another one, lighter, or heavier, are therefore of major importance since they can be used for example to turn a less reactive aryl/alkenyl chloride into the more reactive iodinated derivatives or, in a reversed sense, to block an undesired reactivity, for late-stage modifications or for the introduction of a radionuclide. If some halogen exchange reactions are possible with activated substrates, they usually require catalysis with metal complexes. Remarkably efficient processes have been developed for metal-mediated halogen exchange in aryl and vinyl halides: they are overviewed, in a comprehensive manner, in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antoine Nitelet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Thilmany
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Damien F Dewez
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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37
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Serra J, Font P, Sosa Carrizo ED, Mallet-Ladeira S, Massou S, Parella T, Miqueu K, Amgoune A, Ribas X, Bourissou D. Cyclometalated gold(iii) complexes: noticeable differences between (N,C) and (P,C) ligands in migratory insertion. Chem Sci 2018; 9:3932-3940. [PMID: 29780525 PMCID: PMC5941201 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications.
Gold(iii) complexes are garnering increasing interest for opto-electronic, therapeutic and catalytic applications. But so far, very little is known about the factors controlling their reactivity and the very influence of the ancillary ligand. This article reports the first comprehensive study on this topic. The reactivity of a cationic (N,C) gold(iii) complex, namely 1A, towards ethylene has been thoroughly studied and compared with that of the related (P,C) complex 1C. A cationic gold(iii) complex 5A resulting from double insertion of ethylene was selectively obtained. Complex 5A was found to be remarkably stable. It was trapped with chloride and fully characterized. In marked contrast to that observed with 1C, no β-H elimination or linear-to-branched rearrangement of the alkyl chain occurred with 1A. The energy profile for the reactions of 1A with ethylene has been comprehensively investigated computationally, and the influence of the ancillary ligand has been precisely delineated. Because nitrogen is a weaker donor than carbon (and phosphorus), the (N,C) ligand is very electronically dissymmetric, much more than the (P,C) ligand. This makes the two reactive sites at gold quite different, which noticeably influences the competition between migratory insertion and β-H elimination, and actually changes the outcome of the olefin insertion at gold. This study provides valuable insight into the influence of ancillary ligands on gold(iii) reactivity, something critical to further develop Au(iii) and Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Pau Font
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - E Daiann Sosa Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Stéphane Massou
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN , Facultat de Ciències , Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona , Campus UAB , Bellaterra E-08193 , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR , Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM, UMR 5254) , Hélioparc , 2 Avenue du Président Angot , 64053 Pau Cedex 09 , France
| | - Abderrahmane Amgoune
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS , Université Paul Sabatier , Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069) , 118 Route de Narbonne , 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09 , France .
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38
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Harper MJ, Arthur CJ, Crosby J, Emmett EJ, Falconer RL, Fensham-Smith AJ, Gates PJ, Leman T, McGrady JE, Bower JF, Russell CA. Oxidative Addition, Transmetalation, and Reductive Elimination at a 2,2'-Bipyridyl-Ligated Gold Center. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4440-4445. [PMID: 29553258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Three-coordinate bipyridyl complexes of gold, [(κ2-bipy)Au(η2-C2H4)][NTf2], are readily accessed by direct reaction of 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), or its derivatives, with the homoleptic gold ethylene complex [Au(C2H4)3][NTf2]. The cheap and readily available bipyridyl ligands facilitate oxidative addition of aryl iodides to the Au(I) center to give [(κ2-bipy)Au(Ar)I][NTf2], which undergo first aryl-zinc transmetalation and second C-C reductive elimination to produce biaryl products. The products of each distinct step have been characterized. Computational techniques are used to probe the mechanism of the oxidative addition step, offering insight into both the origin of the reversibility of this process and the observation that electron-rich aryl iodides add faster than electron-poor substrates. Thus, for the first time, all steps that are characteristic of a conventional intermolecular Pd(0)-catalyzed biaryl synthesis are demonstrated from a common monometallic Au complex and in the absence of directing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Harper
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Arthur
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - John Crosby
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Edward J Emmett
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre , Bracknell , Berkshire RG42 6EY , United Kingdom
| | - Rosalyn L Falconer
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | | | - Paul J Gates
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Leman
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - John E McGrady
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , Oxford , OX1 3QZ , United Kingdom
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
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39
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Akram MO, Shinde PS, Chintawar CC, Patil NT. Gold(i)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryldiazonium salts with organostannanes. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2865-2869. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00630j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gold(i)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryldiazonium salts with organostannanes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjur O. Akram
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR – National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411 008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Popat S. Shinde
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR – National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune – 411 008
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Chetan C. Chintawar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462 066
- India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462 066
- India
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40
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Abe T. Nazarov Cyclization of an Indolyl Vinyl Ketone Promoted by Acetyl Chloride and Sodium Iodide: Formal Synthesis of Bruceolline E. HETEROCYCLES 2018. [DOI: 10.3987/com-18-13866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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41
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Akram MO, Banerjee S, Saswade SS, Bedi V, Patil NT. Oxidant-free oxidative gold catalysis: the new paradigm in cross-coupling reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:11069-11083. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05601c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The construction of C–C and C–X (X = hetero atom) bonds is the core aspect for the assembly of molecules. This feature article critically presents an overview of all the redox neutral cross-coupling reactions enabled by gold catalysis, which we believe would stimulate further research activities in this promising area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjur O. Akram
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Dr Homi Bhabha Road
- Pune 411 008
- India
| | - Somsuvra Banerjee
- Division of Organic Chemistry
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Dr Homi Bhabha Road
- Pune 411 008
- India
| | - Sagar S. Saswade
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462 066
- India
| | - Vaibhav Bedi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462 066
- India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal – 462 066
- India
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42
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Ribas X, Devillard M. Model Macrocyclic Ligands for Proof-of-Concept Mechanistic Studies in Transition-Metal Catalysis. Chemistry 2017; 24:1222-1230. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavi Ribas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química; Universitat de Girona; Campus Montilivi, Facultat Ciències E17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Marc Devillard
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Química; Universitat de Girona; Campus Montilivi, Facultat Ciències E17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
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43
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Rational development of catalytic Au(I)/Au(III) arylation involving mild oxidative addition of aryl halides. Nat Commun 2017; 8:565. [PMID: 28924193 PMCID: PMC5603523 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The reluctance of gold to achieve oxidative addition reaction is considered as an intrinsic limitation for the development of gold-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions with simple and ubiquitous aryl halide electrophiles. Here, we report the rational construction of a Au(I)/Au(III) catalytic cycle involving a sequence of Csp2–X oxidative addition, Csp2–H auration and reductive elimination, allowing a gold-catalyzed direct arylation of arenes with aryl halides. Key to this discovery is the use of Me-Dalphos, a simple ancillary (P,N) ligand, that allows the bottleneck oxidative addition of aryl iodides and bromides to readily proceed under mild conditions. The hemilabile character of the amino group plays a crucial role in this transformation, as substantiated by density functional theory calculations. Catalysis involving Au(I)/Au(III) cycles are notoriously hampered by the reluctance of Au(I) towards oxidative addition. Here, the authors show that an hemilabile bidentate ligand promotes oxidative addition of aryl halides to Au(I) and the catalytic formation of biaryl coupling products.
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44
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Perry GJP, Quibell JM, Panigrahi A, Larrosa I. Transition-Metal-Free Decarboxylative Iodination: New Routes for Decarboxylative Oxidative Cross-Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11527-11536. [PMID: 28735532 PMCID: PMC5662929 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Constructing products of high synthetic
value from inexpensive and abundant starting materials is of great
importance. Aryl iodides are essential building blocks for the synthesis
of functional molecules, and efficient methods for their synthesis
from chemical feedstocks are highly sought after. Here we report a
low-cost decarboxylative iodination that occurs simply
from readily available benzoic acids and I2. The reaction
is scalable and the scope and robustness of the reaction is thoroughly
examined. Mechanistic studies suggest that this reaction does not
proceed via a radical mechanism, which is in contrast to classical
Hunsdiecker-type decarboxylative halogenations. In addition,
DFT studies allow comparisons to be made between our procedure and
current transition-metal-catalyzed decarboxylations. The utility
of this procedure is demonstrated in its application to oxidative
cross-couplings of aromatics via decarboxylative/C–H
or double decarboxylative activations that use I2 as the terminal oxidant. This strategy allows the preparation of
biaryls previously inaccessible via decarboxylative methods
and holds other advantages over existing decarboxylative oxidative
couplings, as stoichiometric transition metals are avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J P Perry
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jacob M Quibell
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Adyasha Panigrahi
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Larrosa
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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45
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Vreeken V, Siegler MA, van der Vlugt JI. Controlled Interconversion of a Dinuclear Au Species Supported by a Redox-Active Bridging PNP Ligand Facilitates Ligand-to-Gold Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2017; 23:5585-5594. [PMID: 28248000 PMCID: PMC5413818 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Redox non-innocent ligands have recently emerged as interesting tools to obtain new reactivity with a wide variety of metals. However, gold has almost been neglected in this respect. Here, we report mechanistic investigations related to a rare example of ligand-based redox chemistry in the coordination sphere of gold. The dinuclear metal-centered mixed-valent AuI -AuIII complex 1, supported by monoanionic diarylamido-diphosphine ligand PNPPr and with three chlorido ligands overall, undergoes a complex series of reactions upon halide abstraction by silver salt or Lewis acids such as gallium trichloride. Formation of the ultimate AuI -AuI complex 2 requires the intermediacy of AuI -AuI dimers 5 and 7 as well as the unique AuIII -AuIII complex 6, both of which are interconverted in a feedback loop. Finally, unprecedented ortho-selective C-H activation of the redox-active PNP ligand results in the carbazolyldiphosphine derivative PN*PPr via ligand-to-metal two-electron transfer. This work demonstrates that the redox-chemistry of gold may be significantly expanded and modified when using a reactive ligand scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Vreeken
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular & Bio-inspired CatalysisVan 't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | | | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular & Bio-inspired CatalysisVan 't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041098 XHAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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46
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Bhattacharjee R, Nijamudheen A, Datta A. Direct and Autocatalytic Reductive Elimination from Gold Complexes ([(Ph3P)Au(Ar)(CF3)(X)], X=F, Cl, Br, I): The Key Role of Halide Ligands. Chemistry 2017; 23:4169-4179. [PMID: 28084031 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rameswar Bhattacharjee
- Department of Spectroscopy; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur 700032 West Bengal India
| | - A. Nijamudheen
- Department of Spectroscopy; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur 700032 West Bengal India
- Department of Chemistry; University at Buffalo, The State University of New York; Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Ayan Datta
- Department of Spectroscopy; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; Jadavpur 700032 West Bengal India
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47
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Kumar R, Linden A, Nevado C. Evidence for Direct Transmetalation of AuIII–F with Boronic Acids. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13790-13793. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roopender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zurich CH 8057, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Linden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zurich CH 8057, Switzerland
| | - Cristina Nevado
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zurich CH 8057, Switzerland
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48
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Serra J, Parella T, Ribas X. Au(iii)-aryl intermediates in oxidant-free C-N and C-O cross-coupling catalysis. Chem Sci 2016; 8:946-952. [PMID: 28572904 PMCID: PMC5452266 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03699f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Au(iii)-aryl species have been crystallographically isolated as reactive intermediates in oxidant-free C–O and C–N cross coupling processes, using aromatic and aliphatic alcohols and amines, as well as water and amides, as nucleophiles.
Au(iii)-aryl species have been unequivocally identified as reactive intermediates in oxidant-free C–O and C–N cross coupling catalysis. The crystal structures of cyclometalated neutral and cationic Au(iii) species are described and their key role in 2 electron-redox Au(i)/Au(iii) catalysis in C–O and C–N cross couplings is shown. Nucleophiles compatible with Au-catalyzed cross couplings include aromatic and aliphatic alcohols and amines, as well as water and amides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Serra
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
| | - Teodor Parella
- Servei de RMN , Facultat de Cieǹcies , Universitat Autoǹoma de Barcelona , Campus UAB , Bellaterra E-08193 , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Xavi Ribas
- QBIS-CAT Group , Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Departament de Química , Universitat de Girona , Campus Montilivi , Girona , E-17003 , Catalonia , Spain .
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Miró
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot,
Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos del Pozo
- Department of Organic Chemistry,
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot,
Valencia, Spain
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50
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Tlahuext-Aca A, Hopkinson MN, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Oxidative Addition to Gold(I) by Photoredox Catalysis: Straightforward Access to Diverse (C,N)-Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes. Chemistry 2016; 22:11587-92. [PMID: 27338119 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the oxidative addition of aryldiazonium salts to ligand-supported gold(I) complexes under visible light photoredox conditions. This method provides experimental evidence for the involvement of such a process in dual gold/photoredox-catalyzed reactions and delivers well-defined (C,N)-cyclometalated gold(III) species. The remarkably mild reaction conditions and the ability to widely vary the ancillary ligand make this method a potentially powerful synthetic tool to access diverse gold(III) complexes for systematic studies into their properties and reactivity. Initial studies show that these species can undergo chloride abstraction to afford Lewis acidic dicationic gold(III) species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Tlahuext-Aca
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthew N Hopkinson
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- NRW Graduate School of Chemistry, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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