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Zhao P, Hou P, Zhang Z, Li X, Quan C, Xue Y, Lei K, Li J, Gao W, Fu F. Microbial-derived peptides with anti-mycobacterial potential. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116687. [PMID: 39047606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has become the leading cause of death. The subsequent emergence of multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and totally drug-resistant strains, brings an urgent need to discover novel anti-TB drugs. Among them, microbial-derived anti-mycobacterial peptides, including ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) and multimodular nonribosomal peptides (NRPs), now arise as promising candidates for TB treatment. This review presents 96 natural RiPP and NRP families from bacteria and fungi that have broad spectrum in vitro activities against non-resistant and drug-resistant mycobacteria. In addition, intracellular targets of 22 molecules are the subject of much attention. Meanwhile, chemical features of 38 families could be modified in order to improve properties. In final, structure-activity relationships suggest that the modifications of various groups, especially the peptide side chains, the amino acid moieties, the cyclic peptide skeletons, various special groups, stereochemistry and entire peptide chain length are important for increasing the potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengchao Zhao
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Pu Hou
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Zhishen Zhang
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Yuncheng Salt Lake Ecological Protection and Resource Utilization, Yuncheng University, 044000, China.
| | - Chunshan Quan
- Department of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, 116600, China.
| | - Yun Xue
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
| | - Kun Lei
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Weina Gao
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Fangfang Fu
- College of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
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2
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Nakabayashi K, Kitamura H, Fuse S. Microflow, Sequential Coupling and Cyclization Approach for Synthesis of Cyclic Phosphotriesters from PCl 3. Chem Asian J 2024:e202400256. [PMID: 38556466 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
An approach for the synthesis of cyclic phosphotriesters with various ring sizes (5- to 8-membered rings) from phosphorus trichloride and diols was developed. The major challenge in developing this approach is the suppression of the undesired reactions caused by substrates containing multiple highly reactive sites. These undesired reactions were successfully suppressed by microflow technology, which can precisely control the reaction time and temperature. Two optimal conditions were developed, depending on the speed of cyclization. Fifteen cyclic phosphotriesters and their analogs were synthesized. A plausible mechanism for suppressing undesired reactions is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Nakabayashi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kitamura
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Fuse
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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3
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Kumar G, Engle K. Natural products acting against S. aureus through membrane and cell wall disruption. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1608-1646. [PMID: 37326041 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2015 to 2022Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is responsible for several community and hospital-acquired infections with life-threatening complications such as bacteraemia, endocarditis, meningitis, liver abscess, and spinal cord epidural abscess. In recent decades, the abuse and misuse of antibiotics in humans, animals, plants, and fungi and the treatment of nonmicrobial diseases have led to the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The bacterial wall is a complex structure consisting of the cell membrane, peptidoglycan cell wall, and various associated polymers. The enzymes involved in bacterial cell wall synthesis are established antibiotic targets and continue to be a central focus for antibiotic development. Natural products play a vital role in drug discovery and development. Importantly, natural products provide a starting point for active/lead compounds that sometimes need modification based on structural and biological properties to meet the drug criteria. Notably, microorganisms and plant metabolites have contributed as antibiotics for noninfectious diseases. In this study, we have summarized the recent advances in understanding the activity of the drugs or agents of natural origin that directly inhibit the bacterial membrane, membrane components, and membrane biosynthetic enzymes by targeting membrane-embedded proteins. We also discussed the unique aspects of the active mechanisms of established antibiotics or new agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Kumar
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India.
| | - Kritika Engle
- Department of Natural Products, Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Balanagar, 500037, India.
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4
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Rohrbacher C, Zscherp R, Weck SC, Klahn P, Ducho C. Synthesis of an Antimicrobial Enterobactin-Muraymycin Conjugate for Improved Activity Against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202408. [PMID: 36222466 PMCID: PMC10107792 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Overcoming increasing antibiotic resistance requires the development of novel antibacterial agents that address new targets in bacterial cells. Naturally occurring nucleoside antibiotics (such as muraymycins) inhibit the bacterial membrane protein MraY, a clinically unexploited essential enzyme in peptidoglycan (cell wall) biosynthesis. Even though a range of synthetic muraymycin analogues has already been reported, they generally suffer from limited cellular uptake and a lack of activity against Gram-negative bacteria. We herein report an approach to overcome these hurdles: a synthetic muraymycin analogue has been conjugated to a siderophore, i. e. the enterobactin derivative EntKL , to increase the cellular uptake into Gram-negative bacteria. The resultant conjugate showed significantly improved antibacterial activity against an efflux-deficient E. coli strain, thus providing a proof-of-concept of this novel approach and a starting point for the future optimisation of such conjugates towards potent agents against Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rohrbacher
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Robert Zscherp
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefanie C Weck
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Philipp Klahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, Kemigården 4, 412 96, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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5
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Venkatesh R, Tiwari V, Kandasamy J. Copper(I)-Catalyzed Sandmeyer-Type S-Arylation of 1-Thiosugars with Aryldiazonium Salts under Mild Conditions. J Org Chem 2022; 87:11414-11432. [PMID: 35994736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of S-aryl thioglycosides from 1-thiosugars via S-arylation was demonstrated under mild reaction conditions. A wide range of protected and unprotected 1-thiosugars derived from glucose, glucosamine, galactose, mannose, ribose, maltose, and lactose underwent cross-coupling reactions with functionalized aryldiazonium salts in the presence of copper(I) chloride and DBU. The desired products were obtained in 55-88% yields within 5 min. Various functional groups, including halogens, were tolerated under standard reaction conditions. Synthesis of the biologically relevant antidiabetic dapagliflozin S-analogue and arbutin S-analogues (tyrosinase inhibitors) was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapelly Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Varsha Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Jeyakumar Kandasamy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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6
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Mitachi K, Mingle D, Effah W, Sánchez‐Ruiz A, Hevener KE, Narayanan R, Clemons WM, Sarabia F, Kurosu M. Concise Synthesis of Tunicamycin V and Discovery of a Cytostatic DPAGT1 Inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203225. [PMID: 35594368 PMCID: PMC9329268 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A short total synthesis of tunicamycin V (1), a non-selective phosphotransferase inhibitor, is achieved via a Büchner-Curtius-Schlotterbeck type reaction. Tunicamycin V can be synthesized in 15 chemical steps from D-galactal with 21 % overall yield. The established synthetic scheme is operationally very simple and flexible to introduce building blocks of interest. The inhibitory activity of one of the designed analogues 28 against human dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase 1 (DPAGT1) is 12.5 times greater than 1. While tunicamycins are cytotoxic molecules with a low selectivity, the novel analogue 28 displays selective cytostatic activity against breast cancer cell lines including a triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Tennessee Health Science Center 881 Madison Avenue Memphis TN 38163 USA
| | - David Mingle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Tennessee Health Science Center 881 Madison Avenue Memphis TN 38163 USA
| | - Wendy Effah
- Department of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center 19 S. Manassas, Room 120 Memphis TN 38103 USA
| | - Antonio Sánchez‐Ruiz
- Faculty of Pharmacy Campus de Albacete Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Avda. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez S/N 02008 Albacete Spain
| | - Kirk E. Hevener
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Tennessee Health Science Center 881 Madison Avenue Memphis TN 38163 USA
| | - Ramesh Narayanan
- Department of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center 19 S. Manassas, Room 120 Memphis TN 38103 USA
| | - William M. Clemons
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Francisco Sarabia
- Department of Organic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos 29071 Málaga Spain
| | - Michio Kurosu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Tennessee Health Science Center 881 Madison Avenue Memphis TN 38163 USA
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7
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Mitachi K, Mingle D, Effah W, Sánchez-Ruiz A, Hevener KE, Narayanan R, Clemons WM, Sarabia F, Kurosu M. Concise Synthesis of Tunicamycin V and Discovery of a Cytostatic DPAGT1 Inhibitor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy Pharmacy 881 Madison AvenueROOM 557 38163 MEMPHS UNITED STATES
| | - David Mingle
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy Pharmacy 881 MADISON AVE 38163 MEMPHS UNITED STATES
| | - Wendy Effah
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine: The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine Medicine UNITED STATES
| | | | - Kirk E. Hevener
- UTHSC College of Pharmacy Memphis: The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy Pharmacy UNITED STATES
| | - Ramesh Narayanan
- University of Tennessee College of Medicine: The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine Medicine 19, S. Manassas 38013 Memphis UNITED STATES
| | - William M. Clemons
- Caltech: California Institute of Technology Chemistry and Chemical Engineering UNITED STATES
| | - Francisco Sarabia
- University of Malaga: Universidad de Malaga Organic Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Michio Kurosu
- UTHSC College of Pharmacy Memphis: The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy 881 MADISON AVEROOM 557 38163 Memphis UNITED STATES
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8
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Shao X, Zheng C, Xu P, Shiraishi T, Kuzuyama T, Molinaro A, Silipo A, Yu B. Total Synthesis and Stereochemistry Assignment of Nucleoside Antibiotic A‐94964. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200818. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Shao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Chang Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Taro Shiraishi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Biao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
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9
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Shao X, Zheng C, Xu P, Shiraishi T, Kuzuyama T, Molinaro A, Silipo A, Yu B. Total Synthesis and Stereochemistry Assignment of Nucleoside Antibiotic A‐94964. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Shao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Chang Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
| | - Peng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Taro Shiraishi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kuzuyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
- Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences University of Naples Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Biao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
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10
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Abstract
This review deals with the synthesis of naturally occurring alkaloids containing partially or completely saturated pyrimidine nuclei. The interest in these compounds is associated with their structural diversity, high biological activity and toxicity. The review is divided into four parts, each of which describes a number of synthetic methodologies toward structurally different naturally occurring alkaloids containing saturated cyclic six-membered amidine, guanidine, aminal and urea (thiourea) moieties, respectively. The development of various synthetic strategies for the preparation of these compounds has remarkably increased during the past few decades. This is primarily due to the fact that some of these compounds are isolated only in limited quantities, which makes it practically impossible to study their full structural characteristics and biological activity.
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Haiqing He
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany University of Chinese Academy of Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
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12
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Kwak SH, Lim WY, Hao A, Mashalidis EH, Kwon DY, Jeong P, Kim MJ, Lee SY, Hong J. Synthesis and evaluation of cyclopentane-based muraymycin analogs targeting MraY. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 215:113272. [PMID: 33607457 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is one of the most challenging global health issues and presents an urgent need for the development of new antibiotics. In this regard, phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide translocase (MraY), an essential enzyme in the early stages of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, has emerged as a promising new antibiotic target. We recently reported the crystal structures of MraY in complex with representative members of naturally occurring nucleoside antibiotics, including muraymycin D2. However, these nucleoside antibiotics are synthetically challenging targets, which limits the scope of medicinal chemistry efforts on this class of compounds. To gain access to active muraymycin analogs with reduced structural complexity and improved synthetic tractability, we prepared and evaluated cyclopentane-based muraymycin analogs for targeting MraY. For the installation of the 1,2-syn-amino alcohol group of analogs, the diastereoselective isocyanoacetate aldol reaction was explored. The structure-activity relationship analysis of the synthesized analogs suggested that a lipophilic side chain is essential for MraY inhibition. Importantly, the analog 20 (JH-MR-23) showed antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus. These findings provide insights into designing new muraymycin-based MraY inhibitors with improved chemical tractability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwa Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Won Young Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Aili Hao
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Ellene H Mashalidis
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, United States
| | - Do-Yeon Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Pyeonghwa Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Mi Jung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, United States.
| | - Jiyong Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States.
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13
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Niro G, Weck SC, Ducho C. Merging Natural Products: Muraymycin-Sansanmycin Hybrid Structures as Novel Scaffolds for Potential Antibacterial Agents. Chemistry 2020; 26:16875-16887. [PMID: 32897546 PMCID: PMC7756498 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
To overcome bacterial resistances, the need for novel antimicrobial agents is urgent. The class of so-called nucleoside antibiotics furnishes promising candidates for the development of new antibiotics, as these compounds block a clinically unexploited bacterial target: the integral membrane protein MraY, a key enzyme in cell wall (peptidoglycan) biosynthesis. Nucleoside antibiotics exhibit remarkable structural diversity besides their uridine-derived core motifs. Some sub-classes also show specific selectivities towards different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which are poorly understood so far. Herein, the synthesis of a novel hybrid structure is reported, derived from the 5'-defunctionalized uridine core moiety of muraymycins and the peptide chain of sansanmycin B, as a new scaffold for the development of antimicrobial agents. The reported muraymycin-sansanmycin hybrid scaffold showed nanomolar activity against the bacterial target enzyme MraY, but displayed no significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Niro
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus C2 366123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Stefanie C. Weck
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus C2 366123SaarbrückenGermany
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistrySaarland UniversityCampus C2 366123SaarbrückenGermany
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14
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Cheng WC, Liu WJ, Hu KH, Tan YL, Lin YT, Chen WA, Lo LC. Rapid Synthesis of a Natural Product-Inspired Uridine Containing Library. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2020; 22:600-607. [PMID: 32833425 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.0c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of natural product-inspired nucleoside analogs using solution-phase parallel synthesis is described. The key intermediates containing alkyne and N-protected amino moieties were developed to allow for further skeleton and substituent diversity using click chemistry and urea or amide bond formation. Rapid purification was accomplished using solid-phase extraction. The obtained library comprised 80 molecules incorporating two diversity positions and one chiral center, each of which was efficiently prepared in good purity and acceptable overall yield. A bacterial morphology study was also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Cheng
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ju Liu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Hsiang Hu
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Ling Tan
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Wei-An Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Chiang Lo
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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15
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Ni M, Guerrini M, Naggi A, Petitou M. Efficient selective deacetylation of complex oligosaccharides using the neutral organotin catalyst [tBu 2SnOH(Cl)] 2. Carbohydr Res 2020; 498:108172. [PMID: 33099244 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-tert-butyl-3-chloro-1-hydroxydistannoxane has been found to selectively cleave with high efficiency primary acetates on complex oligosaccharides containing esterified l-iduronic acid and bearing an anomeric acetate. This tin based catalyst was found much more effective than magnesium methoxide to carry out selective deacetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghong Ni
- Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Via G. Colombo, 81, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Guerrini
- Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Via G. Colombo, 81, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Naggi
- Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Via G. Colombo, 81, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Maurice Petitou
- Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Via G. Colombo, 81, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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16
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Bond AG, Testa A, Ciulli A. Stereoselective synthesis of allele-specific BET inhibitors. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7533-7539. [PMID: 32756710 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01165g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Developing stereoselective synthetic routes that are efficient and cost-effective allows easy access to biologically active molecules. Our previous syntheses of allele-selective bumped inhibitors of the Bromo and Extra-Terminal (BET) domain proteins, Brd2, Brd3, Brd4 and BrdT, required a wasteful, late-stage alkylation step and expensive chiral separation. To circumvent these limitations, we developed a route based on stereocontrolled alkylation of an N-Pf protected aspartic acid derivative that was used in a divergent, racemisation-free protocol to yield structurally diverse and enantiopure triazolodiazepines. With this approach, we synthesized bumped thienodiazepine-based BET inhibitor, ET-JQ1-OMe, in five steps and 99% ee without the need for chiral chromatography. Exquisite selectivity of ET-JQ1-OMe for Leu-Ala and Leu-Val mutants over wild-type bromodomain was established by isothermal titration calorimetry and X-ray crystallography. Our new approach provides unambiguous chemical evidence for the absolute stereochemistry of the active, allele-specific BET inhibitors and a viable route that will open wider access to this compound class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam G Bond
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, James Black Centre, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
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17
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Mitachi K, Kansal RG, Hevener KE, Gillman CD, Hussain SM, Yun HG, Miranda-Carboni GA, Glazer ES, Clemons WM, Kurosu M. DPAGT1 Inhibitors of Capuramycin Analogues and Their Antimigratory Activities of Solid Tumors. J Med Chem 2020; 63:10855-10878. [PMID: 32886511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Capuramycin displays a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity by targeting bacterial translocase I (MraY). In our program of development of new N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase1 (DPAGT1) inhibitors, we have identified that a capuramycin phenoxypiperidinylbenzylamide analogue (CPPB) inhibits DPAGT1 enzyme with an IC50 value of 200 nM. Despite a strong DPAGT1 inhibitory activity, CPPB does not show cytotoxicity against normal cells and a series of cancer cell lines. However, CPPB inhibits migrations of several solid cancers including pancreatic cancers that require high DPAGT1 expression in order for tumor progression. DPAGT1 inhibition by CPPB leads to a reduced expression level of Snail but does not reduce E-cadherin expression level at the IC50 (DPAGT1) concentration. CPPB displays a strong synergistic effect with paclitaxel against growth-inhibitory action of a patient-derived pancreatic adenocarcinoma, PD002: paclitaxel (IC50: 1.25 μM) inhibits growth of PD002 at 0.0024-0.16 μM in combination with 0.10-2.0 μM CPPB (IC50: 35 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Rita G Kansal
- Department of Surgery and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison St., Suite 300, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Kirk E Hevener
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Cody D Gillman
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Syed M Hussain
- Department of Surgery and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison St., Suite 300, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Hyun Gi Yun
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Gustavo A Miranda-Carboni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 19 S. Manassas Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Evan S Glazer
- Department of Surgery and Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 910 Madison St., Suite 300, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - William M Clemons
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michio Kurosu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
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18
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Patel B, Kerr RV, Malde AK, Zunk M, Bugg TDH, Grant G, Rudrawar S. Simplified Novel Muraymycin Analogues; using a Serine Template Strategy for Linking Key Pharmacophores. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:1429-1438. [PMID: 32476294 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The present status of antibiotic research requires the urgent invention of novel agents that act on multidrug-resistant bacteria. The World Health Organization has classified antibiotic-resistant bacteria into critical, high and medium priority according to the urgency of need for new antibiotics. Naturally occurring uridine-derived "nucleoside antibiotics" have shown promising activity against numerous priority resistant organisms by inhibiting the transmembrane protein MraY (translocase I), which is yet to be explored in a clinical context. The catalytic activity of MraY is an essential process for bacterial cell viability and growth including that of priority organisms. Muraymycins are one subclass of naturally occurring MraY inhibitors. Despite having potent antibiotic properties, the structural complexity of muraymycins advocates for simplified analogues as potential lead structures. Herein, we report a systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) study of serine template-linked, simplified muraymycin-type analogues. This preliminary SAR lead study of serine template analogues successfully revealed that the complex structure of naturally occurring muraymycins could be easily simplified to afford bioactive scaffolds against resistant priority organisms. This study will pave the way for the development of novel antibacterial lead compounds based on a simplified serine template.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhautikkumar Patel
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Rachel V Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Alpeshkumar K Malde
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,MaldE Scientific, Australia
| | - Matthew Zunk
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Timothy D H Bugg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Gary Grant
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Santosh Rudrawar
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.,Quality Use of Medicines Network, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
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19
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Application of Mycobacterium smegmatis as a surrogate to evaluate drug leads against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 73:780-789. [PMID: 32472054 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-0320-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of new anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs is a time-consuming process due to the slow-growing nature of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). A requirement of biosafety level 3 (BSL-3) facility for performing research associated with Mtb is another limitation for the development of TB drug discovery. In our screening of BSL-1 Mycobacterium spp. against a battery of TB drugs, M. smegmatis (ATCC607) exhibits good agreement with its drug susceptibility against the TB drugs under a low-nutrient culture medium (0.5% Tween 80 in Middlebrook 7H9 broth). M. smegmatis (ATCC607) enters its dormant form in 14 days under a nutrient-deficient condition (a PBS buffer), and shows resistance to a majority of TB drugs, but shows susceptibility to amikacin, capreomycin, ethambutol, and rifampicin (with high concentrations) whose activities against non-replicating (or dormant) Mtb were previously validated.
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20
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Heib A, Niro G, Weck SC, Koppermann S, Ducho C. Muraymycin Nucleoside Antibiotics: Structure-Activity Relationship for Variations in the Nucleoside Unit. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010022. [PMID: 31861655 PMCID: PMC6983020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Muraymycins are a subclass of naturally occurring nucleoside antibiotics with promising antibacterial activity. They inhibit the bacterial enzyme translocase I (MraY), a clinically yet unexploited target mediating an essential intracellular step of bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Several structurally simplified muraymycin analogues have already been synthesized for structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies. We now report on novel derivatives with unprecedented variations in the nucleoside unit. For the synthesis of these new muraymycin analogues, we employed a bipartite approach facilitating the introduction of different nucleosyl amino acid motifs. This also included thymidine- and 5-fluorouridine-derived nucleoside core structures. Using an in vitro assay for MraY activity, it was found that the introduction of substituents in the 5-position of the pyrimidine nucleobase led to a significant loss of inhibitory activity towards MraY. The loss of nucleobase aromaticity (by reduction of the uracil C5-C6 double bond) resulted in a ca. tenfold decrease in inhibitory potency. In contrast, removal of the 2′-hydroxy group furnished retained activity, thus demonstrating that modifications of the ribose moiety might be well-tolerated. Overall, these new SAR insights will guide the future design of novel muraymycin analogues for their potential development towards antibacterial drug candidates.
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21
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Leyerer K, Koppermann S, Ducho C. Solid Phase‐Supported Synthesis of Muraymycin Analogues. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Leyerer
- Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Saarland University Campus C2 3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Stefan Koppermann
- Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Saarland University Campus C2 3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Saarland University Campus C2 3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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22
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Mitachi K, Kurosu SM, Gillman CD, Yun HG, Clemons WM, Kurosu M. A practical synthesis of a novel DPAGT1 inhibitor, aminouridyl phenoxypiperidinbenzyl butanamide (APPB) for in vivo studies. MethodsX 2019; 6:2305-2321. [PMID: 31667130 PMCID: PMC6812346 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2019.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy that targets N-linked glycans has not yet been developed due in large part to the lack of specificity of N-linked glycans between normal and malignant cells. N-Glycan chains are synthesized by the sequential action of glycosyl transferases in the Golgi apparatus. It is an overwhelming task to discover drug-like inhibitors of glycosyl transferases that block the synthesis of specific branching processes in cancer cells, killing tumor cells selectively. It has long been known that N-glycan biosynthesis can be inhibited by disruption of the first committed enzyme, dolichyl-phosphate N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase 1 (DPAGT1). Selective DPAGT1 inhibitors have the promising therapeutic potential for certain solid cancers that require increased branching of N-linked glycans in their growth progressions. Recently, we discovered that an anti-Clostridium difficile molecule, aminouridyl phenoxypiperidinbenzyl butanamide (APPB) showed DPAGT1 inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of 0.25 μM. It was confirmed that APPB inhibits N-glycosylation of β-catenin at 2.5 nM concentration. A sharp difference between APPB and tunicamycin was that the hemolytic activity of APPB is significantly attenuated (IC50 > 200 μM RBC). Water solubility of APPB is >350-times greater than that of tunicamycin (78.8 mg/mL for APPB, <0.2 mg/mL for tunicamycin). A novel DPAGT1 inhibitor, APPB selectively inhibits growth of the solid tumors (e.g. KB, LoVo, SK-OV-3, MDA-MB-432S, HCT116, Panc-1, and AsPC-1) at low μM concentrations, but does not inhibit growth of a leukemia cell (L1210) and the healthy cells (Vero and HPNE) at these concentrations. In vitro metabolic stability using rat liver microsomes indicated that a half-life (t1/2) of APPB is sufficiently long (>60 min) for in vivo studies (PK/PD, safety profiles, and in vivo efficacy) using animal models. We have refined all steps in the previously reported synthesis for APPB for larger-scale. This article summarizes protocols of gram-scale synthesis of APPB and its physicochemical data, and a convenient DPAGT1 assay. Remember that the abstract is what readers see first in electronic abstracting & indexing services. This is the advertisement of your article. Make it interesting, and easy to be understood. Be accurate and specific, keep it as brief as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Shou M Kurosu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
| | - Cody D Gillman
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
| | - Hyun Gi Yun
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
| | - William M Clemons
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125, United States
| | - Michio Kurosu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, United States
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23
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Niu G, Li Z, Huang P, Tan H. Engineering nucleoside antibiotics toward the development of novel antimicrobial agents. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:906-912. [DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0230-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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24
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Mechanism of action of nucleoside antibacterial natural product antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:865-876. [DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Patel B, Grant G, Zunk M, Rudrawar S. Stereoselective Approaches toward the Synthesis of Nucleoside Antibiotic Core Aminoribosyl Glycyluridine. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhautikkumar Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Gary Grant
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Matthew Zunk
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
| | - Santosh Rudrawar
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
- Quality Use of Medicines Network Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University Gold Coast QLD 4222 Australia
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26
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Nakamura H, Tsukano C, Yoshida T, Yasui M, Yokouchi S, Kobayashi Y, Igarashi M, Takemoto Y. Total Synthesis of Caprazamycin A: Practical and Scalable Synthesis of syn-β-Hydroxyamino Acids and Introduction of a Fatty Acid Side Chain to 1,4-Diazepanone. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8527-8540. [PMID: 31067040 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The first total synthesis of caprazamycin A (1), a representative liponucleoside antibiotic, is described. Diastereoselective aldol reactions of aldehydes 12 and 25-27, derived from uridine, with diethyl isocyanomalonate 13 and phenylcarbamate 21 were investigated using thiourea catalysts 14 or bases to synthesize syn-β-hydroxyamino acid derivatives. The 1,4-diazepanone core of 1 was constructed using a Mitsunobu reaction, and the fatty acid side chain was introduced using a stepwise sequence based on model studies. Notably, global deprotection was realized using palladium black and formic acid without hydrogenating the olefin in the uridine unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Takuma Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Motohiro Yasui
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Shinsuke Yokouchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Yusuke Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
| | - Masayuki Igarashi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo , 3-14-23 Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyoto University , Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501 , Japan
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27
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Linder R, Ducho C. Unified Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Amino Acid Building Blocks for the Preparation of Caprazamycin Nucleoside Antibiotics. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Linder
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Saarland University; Campus C2 3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry; Saarland University; Campus C2 3 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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28
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Mitachi K, Kurosu SM, Eslamimehr S, Lemieux MR, Ishizaki Y, Clemons WM, Kurosu M. Semisynthesis of an Anticancer DPAGT1 Inhibitor from a Muraymycin Biosynthetic Intermediate. Org Lett 2019; 21:876-879. [PMID: 30698984 PMCID: PMC6447083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We have explored a method to convert a muraymycin biosynthetic intermediate 3 to an anticancer drug lead 2 for in vivo and thorough preclinical studies. Cu(OAc)2 forms a stable complex with the amide 4 and prevents electrophilic reactions at the 2-((3-aminopropyl)amino)acetamide moiety. Under the present conditions, the desired 5″-primary amine was selectively protected with (Boc)2O to yield 6. The intermediate 6 was converted to 2 in two steps with 90% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , 881 Madison Avenue , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
| | - Shou M Kurosu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , 881 Madison Avenue , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
| | - Shakiba Eslamimehr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , 881 Madison Avenue , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
| | - Maddie R Lemieux
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , 881 Madison Avenue , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
| | - Yoshimasa Ishizaki
- Laboratory of Microbiology , Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN) , 3-14-23, Kamiosaki , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021 , Japan
| | - William M Clemons
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , California Institute of Technology , 1200 E. California Boulevard , Pasadena , California 91125 , United States
| | - Michio Kurosu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , 881 Madison Avenue , Memphis , Tennessee 38163 , United States
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29
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Wiegmann D, Koppermann S, Ducho C. Aminoribosylated Analogues of Muraymycin Nucleoside Antibiotics. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123085. [PMID: 30486316 PMCID: PMC6320880 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside antibiotics are uridine-derived natural products that inhibit the bacterial membrane protein MraY. MraY is a key enzyme in the membrane-associated intracellular stages of peptidoglycan biosynthesis and therefore considered to be a promising, yet unexploited target for novel antibacterial agents. Muraymycins are one subclass of such naturally occurring MraY inhibitors. As part of structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on muraymycins and their analogues, we now report on novel derivatives with different attachment of one characteristic structural motif, i.e., the aminoribose moiety normally linked to the muraymycin glycyluridine core unit. Based on considerations derived from an X-ray co-crystal structure, we designed and synthesised muraymycin analogues having the aminoribose attached (via a linker) to either the glycyluridine amino group or to the uracil nucleobase. Reference compounds bearing the non-aminoribosylated linker units were also prepared. It was found that the novel aminoribosylated analogues were inactive as MraY inhibitors in vitro, but that the glycyluridine-modified reference compound retained most of the inhibitory potency relative to the unmodified parent muraymycin analogue. These results point to 6′-N-alkylated muraymycin analogues as a potential novel variation of the muraymycin scaffold for future SAR optimisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wiegmann
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Stefan Koppermann
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
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30
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Analogues of Muraymycin Nucleoside Antibiotics with Epimeric Uridine-Derived Core Structures. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112868. [PMID: 30400295 PMCID: PMC6278576 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogues have found widespread application as antiviral and antitumor agents, but not yet as antibacterials. Naturally occurring uridine-derived ‘nucleoside antibiotics’ target the bacterial membrane protein MraY, an enzyme involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis and a promising target for the development of novel antibacterial agents. Muraymycins represent a nucleoside-peptide subgroup of such MraY-inhibiting natural products. As part of detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on muraymycins and their analogues, we now report novel insights into the effects of stereochemical variations in the nucleoside core structure. Using a simplified version of the muraymycin scaffold, it was shown that some formal inversions of stereochemistry led to about one order of magnitude loss in inhibitory potency towards the target enzyme MraY. In contrast, epimers of the core motif with retained inhibitory activity were also identified. These 5′,6′-anti-configured analogues might serve as novel chemically tractable variations of the muraymycin scaffold for the future development of uridine-derived drug candidates.
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31
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Hering J, Dunevall E, Ek M, Brändén G. Structural basis for selective inhibition of antibacterial target MraY, a membrane-bound enzyme involved in peptidoglycan synthesis. Drug Discov Today 2018; 23:1426-1435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Self-Resistance during Muraymycin Biosynthesis: a Complementary Nucleotidyltransferase and Phosphotransferase with Identical Modification Sites and Distinct Temporal Order. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:AAC.00193-18. [PMID: 29735559 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00193-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Muraymycins are antibacterial natural products from Streptomyces spp. that inhibit translocase I (MraY), which is involved in cell wall biosynthesis. Structurally, muraymycins consist of a 5'-C-glycyluridine (GlyU) appended to a 5″-amino-5″-deoxyribose (ADR), forming a disaccharide core that is found in several peptidyl nucleoside inhibitors of MraY. For muraymycins, the GlyU-ADR disaccharide is further modified with an aminopropyl-linked peptide to generate the simplest structures, annotated as the muraymycin D series. Two enzymes encoded in the muraymycin biosynthetic gene cluster, Mur29 and Mur28, were functionally assigned in vitro as a Mg·ATP-dependent nucleotidyltransferase and a Mg·ATP-dependent phosphotransferase, respectively, both modifying the 3″-OH of the disaccharide. Biochemical characterization revealed that both enzymes can utilize several nucleotide donors as cosubstrates and the acceptor substrate muraymycin also behaves as an inhibitor. Single-substrate kinetic analyses revealed that Mur28 preferentially phosphorylates a synthetic GlyU-ADR disaccharide, a hypothetical biosynthetic precursor of muraymycins, while Mur29 preferentially adenylates the D series of muraymycins. The adenylated or phosphorylated products have significantly reduced (170-fold and 51-fold, respectively) MraY inhibitory activities and reduced antibacterial activities, compared with the respective unmodified muraymycins. The results are consistent with Mur29-catalyzed adenylation and Mur28-catalyzed phosphorylation serving as complementary self-resistance mechanisms, with a distinct temporal order during muraymycin biosynthesis.
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33
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Cui Z, Wang X, Koppermann S, Thorson JS, Ducho C, Van Lanen SG. Antibacterial Muraymycins from Mutant Strains of Streptomyces sp. NRRL 30471. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:942-948. [PMID: 29553733 PMCID: PMC6434714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Muraymycins are nucleoside antibiotics isolated from Streptomyces sp. NRRL 30471 and several mutant strains thereof that were generated by random, chemical mutagenesis. Reinvestigation of two mutant strains using new media conditions led to the isolation of three new muraymycin congeners, named B8, B9, and C6 (1-3), as well as a known muraymycin, C1. Structures of the compounds were elucidated by HRMS and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. Complete 2D NMR assignments for the known muraymycin C1 are also provided for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2, which differ from other muraymycins by having an elongated, terminally branched fatty acid side chain, had picomolar IC50 values against Staphylococcus aureus and Aquifex aeolicus MraY and showed good antibacterial activity against S. aureus (MIC = 2 and 6 μg/mL, respectively) and Escherichia coli Δ tolC (MIC = 4 and 2 μg/mL, respectively). Compound 3, which is characterized by an N-acetyl modification of the primary amine of the dissacharide core that is shared among nearly all of the reported muraymycin congeners, greatly reduced its inhibitory and antibacterial activity compared to nonacylated muraymycin C1, which possibly indicates this modification is used for self-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
| | - Xiachang Wang
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United
States
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of
Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,
Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Stefan Koppermann
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal
Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jon S. Thorson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation,
College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United
States
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal
Chemistry, Saarland University Campus C2 3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Steven G. Van Lanen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of
Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, United States
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Lukose V, Walvoort MTC, Imperiali B. Bacterial phosphoglycosyl transferases: initiators of glycan biosynthesis at the membrane interface. Glycobiology 2018; 27:820-833. [PMID: 28810664 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoglycosyl transferases (PGTs) initiate the biosynthesis of both essential and virulence-associated bacterial glycoconjugates including lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan and glycoproteins. PGTs catalyze the transfer of a phosphosugar moiety from a nucleoside diphosphate sugar to a polyprenol phosphate, to form a membrane-bound polyprenol diphosphosugar product. PGTs are integral membrane proteins, which include between 1 and 11 predicted transmembrane domains. Despite this variation, common motifs have been identified in PGT families through bioinformatics and mutagenesis studies. Bacterial PGTs represent important antibacterial and virulence targets due to their significant role in initiating the biosynthesis of key bacterial glycoconjugates. Considerable effort has gone into mechanistic and inhibition studies for this class of enzymes, both of which depend on reliable, high-throughput assays for easy quantification of activity. This review summarizes recent advances made in the characterization of this challenging but important class of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita Lukose
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Marthe T C Walvoort
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Imperiali
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Koppermann S, Cui Z, Fischer PD, Wang X, Ludwig J, Thorson JS, Van Lanen SG, Ducho C. Insights into the Target Interaction of Naturally Occurring Muraymycin Nucleoside Antibiotics. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:779-784. [PMID: 29438582 PMCID: PMC6019934 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Muraymycins are a subclass of antimicrobially active uridine-derived natural products. Biological data on several muraymycin analogues have been reported, including some inhibitory in vitro activities toward their target protein, the bacterial membrane enzyme MraY. However, a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study on naturally occurring muraymycins based on such in vitro data has been missing so far. In this work, we report a detailed SAR investigation on representatives of the four muraymycin subgroups A-D using a fluorescence-based in vitro MraY assay. For some muraymycins, inhibition of MraY with IC50 values in the low-picomolar range was observed. These inhibitory potencies were compared with antibacterial activities and were correlated to modelling data derived from a previously reported X-ray crystal structure of MraY in complex with a muraymycin inhibitor. Overall, these results will pave the way for the development of muraymycin analogues with optimized properties as antibacterial drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Koppermann
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Zheng Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Patrick D Fischer
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Xiachang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substance of Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jannine Ludwig
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jon S Thorson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Steven G Van Lanen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C2 3, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Mitachi K, Yun HG, Kurosu SM, Eslamimehr S, Lemieux MR, Klaić L, Clemons WM, Kurosu M. Novel FR-900493 Analogues That Inhibit the Outgrowth of Clostridium difficile Spores. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1726-1739. [PMID: 29503973 PMCID: PMC5830699 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The spectrum of antibacterial activity for the nucleoside antibiotic FR-900493 (1) can be extended by chemical modifications. We have generated a small focused library based on the structure of 1 and identified UT-17415 (9), UT-17455 (10), UT-17460 (11), and UT-17465 (12), which exhibit anti-Clostridium difficile growth inhibitory activity. These analogues also inhibit the outgrowth of C. difficile spores at 2× minimum inhibitory concentration. One of these analogues, 11, relative to 1 exhibits over 180-fold and 15-fold greater activity against the enzymes, phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide translocase (MraY) and polyprenyl phosphate-GlcNAc-1-phosphate transferase (WecA), respectively. The phosphotransferase inhibitor 11 displays antimicrobial activity against several tested bacteria including Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium spp., and Mycobacterium smegmatis, but no growth inhibitory activity is observed against the other Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The selectivity index (Vero cell cytotoxicity/C. difficileantimicrobial activity) of 11 is approximately 17, and 11 does not induce hemolysis even at a 100 μM concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Mitachi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Hyun Gi Yun
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sara M. Kurosu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Shakiba Eslamimehr
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Maddie R. Lemieux
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Lada Klaić
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - William M. Clemons
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Michio Kurosu
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
- E-mail: . Phone: 901-448-1045. Fax: 901-448-6940 (M.K.)
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N-Acetylglucosamine-1-Phosphate Transferase, WecA, as a Validated Drug Target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2017; 61:AAC.01310-17. [PMID: 28874370 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01310-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycobacterial phosphoglycosyltransferase WecA, which initiates arabinogalactan biosynthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has been proposed as a target of the caprazamycin derivative CPZEN-45, a preclinical drug candidate for the treatment of tuberculosis. In this report, we describe the functional characterization of mycobacterial WecA and confirm the essentiality of its encoding gene in M. tuberculosis by demonstrating that the transcriptional silencing of wecA is bactericidal in vitro and in macrophages. Silencing wecA also conferred hypersensitivity of M. tuberculosis to the drug tunicamycin, confirming its target selectivity for WecA in whole cells. Simple radiometric assays performed with mycobacterial membranes and commercially available substrates allowed chemical validation of other putative WecA inhibitors and resolved their selectivity toward WecA versus another attractive cell wall target, translocase I, which catalyzes the first membrane step in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. These assays and the mutant strain described herein will be useful for identifying potential antitubercular leads by screening chemical libraries for novel WecA inhibitors.
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Ben Othman R, Fer MJ, Le Corre L, Calvet-Vitale S, Gravier-Pelletier C. Effect of uridine protecting groups on the diastereoselectivity of uridine-derived aldehyde 5'-alkynylation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2017; 13:1533-1541. [PMID: 28845198 PMCID: PMC5550804 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The 5'-alkynylation of uridine-derived aldehydes is described. The addition of alkynyl Grignard reagents on the carbonyl group is significantly influenced by the 2',3'-di-O-protecting groups (R1): O-alkyl groups led to modest diastereoselectivities (65:35) in favor of the 5'R-isomer, whereas O-silyl groups promoted higher diastereoselectivities (up to 99:1) in favor of the 5'S-isomer. A study related to this protecting group effect on the diastereoselectivity is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Ben Othman
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris (CICB-Paris), 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris 06, France
| | - Mickaël J Fer
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris (CICB-Paris), 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris 06, France
| | - Laurent Le Corre
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris (CICB-Paris), 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris 06, France
| | - Sandrine Calvet-Vitale
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris (CICB-Paris), 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris 06, France
| | - Christine Gravier-Pelletier
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601 CNRS, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Centre Interdisciplinaire Chimie Biologie-Paris (CICB-Paris), 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75270 Paris 06, France
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Lungu CN, Diudea MV, Putz MV. Ligand Shaping in Induced Fit Docking of MraY Inhibitors. Polynomial Discriminant and Laplacian Operator as Biological Activity Descriptors. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1377. [PMID: 28653980 PMCID: PMC5535870 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Docking-i.e., interaction of a small molecule (ligand) with a proteic structure (receptor)-represents the ground of drug action mechanism of the vast majority of bioactive chemicals. Ligand and receptor accommodate their geometry and energy, within this interaction, in the benefit of receptor-ligand complex. In an induced fit docking, the structure of ligand is most susceptible to changes in topology and energy, comparative to the receptor. These changes can be described by manifold hypersurfaces, in terms of polynomial discriminant and Laplacian operator. Such topological surfaces were represented for each MraY (phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide translocase) inhibitor, studied before and after docking with MraY. Binding affinities of all ligands were calculated by this procedure. For each ligand, Laplacian and polynomial discriminant were correlated with the ligand minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) retrieved from literature. It was observed that MIC is correlated with Laplacian and polynomial discriminant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu N Lungu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 400028 Cluj, Romania.
| | - Mircea V Diudea
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 400028 Cluj, Romania.
| | - Mihai V Putz
- Laboratory of Computational and Structural Physical-Chemistry for Nanosciences and QSAR, Department of Biology-Chemistry, West University of Timisoara, Pestalozzi Str. 16, 300115 Timisoara, Romania.
- Laboratory of Renewable Energies-Photovoltaics, R&D National Institute for Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Dr. A. Paunescu Podeanu Str. No. 144, 300569 Timisoara, Romania.
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40
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Bugg TDH. Nucleoside Natural Product Antibiotics Targetting Microbial Cell Wall Biosynthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2017_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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