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Lee J, Ha JW. In Situ Photoreversible Tuning of Chemical Interface Damping in Single Gold Nanorods Through Cucurbit[8]uril-Based Host-Guest Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:45763-45770. [PMID: 39143515 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c10847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Chemical interface damping (CID) is a recently proposed plasmon-damping pathway based on the interfacial hot-electron transfer from metal to adsorbate molecules. However, the in situ reversible tuning of CID in single gold nanorods (AuNRs) has remained a considerable challenge. In this study, we used total internal reflection scattering microscopy and spectroscopy to investigate the CID induced by p-aminoazobenzene (p-AAB), which has fast photoisomerization characteristics, attached to single AuNRs. We demonstrated the in situ reversible tuning of CID in single AuNRs by switching between ultraviolet (UV, 365 nm) and visible (vis, 465 nm) irradiation to induce photoresponsive structural conversions between the cis and trans forms of p-AAB in ethanol, leading to different lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energies for both forms. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) line width was wide under vis irradiation but narrow under UV irradiation, indicating that hot electrons are more efficiently transferred to trans-p-AAB with a low LUMO energy level. We further investigated the in situ photoreversible tuning of CID by manipulating supramolecular host-guest interactions between cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and p-AAB in the single AuNRs. Additionally, real-time in situ reversible tuning of CID in single AuNRs was achieved through photonic switching of the cis-trans forms of p-AAB inside CB[8]. The LSPR line width was narrow under vis irradiation but gradually widened under UV irradiation before narrowing again upon returning to vis irradiation, unlike the case with p-AAB only. These results can be ascribed to the fact that cis-p-AAB completely encapsulated within CB[8] in water is thermodynamically more favorable than trans-p-AAB. Therefore, we have discovered a new strategy for tuning the CID by performing p-AAB photoisomerization and adjusting the wavelength of incident light in single AuNRs. In addition, this study demonstrates that CID can be effectively applied to the development of biosensors to detect guest molecules and their structural changes inside the cavity of CB[8] in single AuNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Ha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
- Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center (EHSRC), University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, South Korea
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2
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McLean A, Sala RL, Longbottom BW, Carr AR, McCune JA, Lee SF, Scherman OA. Single-Molecule Stoichiometry of Supramolecular Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:12877-12882. [PMID: 38710014 PMCID: PMC11100007 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The use of single-molecule microscopy is introduced as a method to quantify the photophysical properties of supramolecular complexes rapidly at ultra low concentrations (<1 nM), previously inaccessible. Using a model supramolecular system based on the host-guest complexation of cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) macrocycles together with a fluorescent guest (Ant910Me), we probe fluorescent CB[n] host-guest complexes in the single molecule regime. We show quantification and differentiation of host-guest photophysics and stoichiometries, both in aqueous media and noninvasively in hydrogel, by thresholding detected photons. This methodology has wide reaching implications in aiding the design of next-generation materials with programmed and controlled properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan McLean
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Renata L. Sala
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Brooke W. Longbottom
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Alexander R. Carr
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Jade A. McCune
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
| | - Steven F. Lee
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville
Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United
Kingdom
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3
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Zimnicka MM. Structural studies of supramolecular complexes and assemblies by ion mobility mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:526-559. [PMID: 37260128 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in instrumentation and development of computational strategies for ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) studies have contributed to an extensive growth in the application of this analytical technique to comprehensive structural description of supramolecular systems. Apart from the benefits of IM-MS for interrogation of intrinsic properties of noncovalent aggregates in the experimental gas-phase environment, its merits for the description of native structural aspects, under the premises of having maintained the noncovalent interactions innate upon the ionization process, have attracted even more attention and gained increasing interest in the scientific community. Thus, various types of supramolecular complexes and assemblies relevant for biological, medical, material, and environmental sciences have been characterized so far by IM-MS supported by computational chemistry. This review covers the state-of-the-art in this field and discusses experimental methods and accompanying computational approaches for assessing the reliable three-dimensional structural elucidation of supramolecular complexes and assemblies by IM-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Zimnicka
- Mass Spectrometry Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Qiu X, Wang Y, Leopold S, Lebedkin S, Schepers U, Kappes MM, Biedermann F, Bräse S. Modulating Aryl Azide Photolysis: Synthesis of a Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Carboline in Cucurbit[7]uril Host. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307318. [PMID: 38044287 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbit[7]uril (CB7), a supramolecular host, is employed to control the pathway of photolysis of an aryl azide in an aqueous medium. Normally, photolysis of aryl azides in bulk water culminates predominantly in the formation of azepine derivatives via intramolecular rearrangement. Remarkably, however, when this process unfolds within the protective confinement of the CB7 cavity, it results in a carboline derivative, as a consequence of a C─H amination reaction. The resulting carboline caged by CB7 reveals long-lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in the solid state, with lifetimes extending up to 2.1 s. These findings underscore the potential of supramolecular hosts to modulate the photolysis of aryl azides and to facilitate novel phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Qiu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sonja Leopold
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sergei Lebedkin
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Biedermann
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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5
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Ambrose B, Sathyaraj G, Kathiresan M. Evaluation of the complexation behaviour among functionalized diphenyl viologens and cucurbit[7] and [8]urils. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5786. [PMID: 38461363 PMCID: PMC10924918 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56370-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The complexation behaviour of Diphenyl viologens (DPVs) with Cucurbit[n]urils (CB[n]) was evaluated in detail and the results were reported. In this work, we present the synthesis of various DPVs functionalised with electron withdrawing and electron donating groups (EWGs & EDGs) and investigate their complexation behaviour with CB[7] and CB [8]. Carboxylic acid functionalized DPV's (DPV-COOH) complexation with CB[8] gives additional insights, i.e., indicates hydrogen bonding plays an effective role in the complexation. The formation of a 2:2 quaternary complex of DPV-COOH/CB[8] under neutral pH conditions was supported by various analytical techniques. The complexation of DPVs with CB[7] specifies that irrespective of the functional group attached, they all form a 1:2 ternary complex, but the findings elaborate that the pattern followed in the complexation depends on the EW or EDG attached to the DPVs. The competition experiments conducted between functionalized DPVs and CB[7], CB[8] shows that they have more affinity towards CB[8] than CB[7] because of the better macrocyclic confinement effect of CB[8], as confirmed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The binding affinity among EWG and EDG functionalised DPVs with CB[8] concludes EDG functionalised DPVs show better affinity towards CB[8], because they can form a charge transfer complex inside the CB[8] cavity. Exploring these host-guest interactions in more complex biological or environmental settings and studying their impact on the functionality of DPVs could be an exciting avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bebin Ambrose
- Electro Organic and Materials Electrochemistry Division, CSIR-CECRI, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gopal Sathyaraj
- CLRI-CATERS, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, Chennai, 600020, India
| | - Murugavel Kathiresan
- Electro Organic and Materials Electrochemistry Division, CSIR-CECRI, Tamil Nadu, Karaikudi, 630 003, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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6
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Liu F, Kriat A, Rosas R, Bergé-Lefranc D, Gigmes D, Pascal S, Siri O, Liu S, Kermagoret A, Bardelang D. Controlled oligomeric guest stacking by cucurbiturils in water. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9433-9442. [PMID: 37991010 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01723k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we reported a guest molecule containing a viologen (V), a phenylene (P) and an imidazole (I) fragment (VPI) forming a host : guest 2 : 2 complex with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and an unprecedented 2 : 3 complex with cucurbit[10]uril (CB[10]). To better address the structural features required to form these complexes, two VPI analogues were designed and synthesized: the first with a tolyl (T) group grafted on the V part (T-VPI) and the second with a naphthalene (N) fused on the imidazole (I) part (VPI-N). While VPI-N afforded a discrete well-defined 2 : 2 complex with CB[8] and a 2 : 3 complex with CB[10], T-VPI organized also as a 2 : 2 complex with CB[8] but no well-defined complex was obtained with CB[10]. These complexes were studied by NMR spectroscopy, notably DOSY, which allowed us to estimate binding constants for 2 : 2 complex formation with CB[8], pointing to more stable 2 : 2 complexes with more hydrophobic guests. UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy confirmed complex formation, suggesting host-stabilized charge-transfer interactions. Therefore, the simple addition of CB[8] or CB[10] enabled us to control the level of guest stacking (dimer or trimer) using relevant pairs of synthetic hosts through spontaneous host : guest quaternary or quinary self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbo Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Amine Kriat
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, AMUTech, Marseille, France.
| | - Roselyne Rosas
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, FSCM, Spectropole, Marseille, France
| | | | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, AMUTech, Marseille, France.
| | - Simon Pascal
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, AMUTech, Marseille, France.
| | - Olivier Siri
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CINAM, AMUTech, Marseille, France.
| | - Simin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Wang HJ, Zheng MM, Xing WW, Li YX, Wang YY, Zhu H, Zhang YM, Yu Q, Liu Y. Conformationally confined three-armed supramolecular folding for boosting near-infrared biological imaging. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8401-8407. [PMID: 37564418 PMCID: PMC10411613 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02599c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a triphenylamine derivative (TP-3PY) possessing 4-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine (PY) as an electron-accepting group and tris[p-(4-pyridylvinyl)phenyl]amine (TPA) with large two-photon absorption cross-sections as an electron-donating group was obtained, and showed intense absorption in the visible light region (λmax = 509 nm) and weak near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence emission at 750 nm. After complexation with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), TP-3PY showed bright NIR fluorescence emission at 727 nm and phosphorescence emission at 800 nm. When the supramolecular assembly (TP-3PY⊂CB[8]) further interacted with dodecyl-modified sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4AD), the fluorescence and phosphorescence emissions were further enhanced at 710 and 734 nm, respectively. However, only the fluorescence emission of TP-3PY was enhanced in the presence of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and SC4AD. More interestingly, the photoluminescence of TP-3PY⊂CB[8]@SC4AD and TP-3PY⊂CB[7]@SC4AD assemblies could be excited by both visible (510 nm) and NIR light (930 nm). Finally, these ternary supramolecular assemblies with bright NIR light emission were applied to lysosome imaging of tumor cells and real-time biological imaging of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Wang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 China
| | - Meng-Meng Zheng
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Wen-Wen Xing
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yong-Xue Li
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yao-Yao Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 China
| | - Hongjie Zhu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 China
| | - Ying-Ming Zhang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations (Tianjin) Tianjin 300192 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
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8
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Altınışık S, Yanalak G, Hatay Patır İ, Koyuncu S. Viologen-Based Covalent Organic Frameworks toward Metal-Free Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:18836-18844. [PMID: 37018065 PMCID: PMC10119857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown promise in the field of photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. Many studies have been carried out using various electroactive and photoactive moieties such as triazine, imide, and porphyrin to produce COFs with different geometric structures and units. Electron transfer mediators like viologen and their derivatives can accelerate the transfer of electrons from photosensitizers to active sites. Herein, the combination of a biphenyl-bridged dicarbazole electroactive donor skeleton with a viologen acceptor structure is reported for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of novel COF structures with various alkyl linkers {TPCBP X-COF [X = ethyl (E), butyl (B), and hexyl (H)]}. The structures became more flexible and exhibited less crystal behavior as the length of the alkyl chain increased according to scanning and transmission electron microscopy images, X-ray diffraction analyses, and theoretical three-dimensional geometric optimization. In comparison, the H2 evolution rate of the TPCBP B-COF (12.276 mmol g-1) is 2.15 and 2.38 times higher than those of the TPCBP H-COF (5.697 mmol h-1) and TPCBP E-COF (5.165 mmol h-1), respectively, under visible light illumination for 8 h. The TPCBP B-COF structure is one of the best-performing catalysts for the corresponding photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in the literature, producing 1.029 mmol g-1 h-1 with a high apparent quantum efficiency of 79.69% at 470 nm. Our strategy provides new aspects for the design of novel COFs with respect to future metal-free hydrogen evolution by using solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Altınışık
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical
Engineering, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Energy
Resources and Management, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
| | - Gizem Yanalak
- Selcuk
University, Department of Biochemistry, 42130 Konya, Türkiye
| | - İmren Hatay Patır
- Selcuk
University, Department of Biotechnology, 42130 Konya, Türkiye
| | - Sermet Koyuncu
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Chemical
Engineering, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
- Canakkale
Onsekiz Mart University, Department of Energy
Resources and Management, 17100 Çanakkale, Türkiye
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9
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Huang SZ, Tang Q, Wei KN, Yang RP, Tao Z, Huang Y, Xiao X. A colorimetric supramolecular sensor array based on charge-transfer complexes for multiplex aniline and phenolic pollutants detection. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1233:340504. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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10
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Barravecchia L, Blanco-Gómez A, Neira I, Skackauskaite R, Vila A, Rey-Rico A, Peinador C, García MD. "Vermellogens" and the Development of CB[8]-Based Supramolecular Switches Using pH-Responsive and Non-Toxic Viologen Analogues. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19127-19136. [PMID: 36206443 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present herein the "vermellogens", a new class of pH-responsive viologen analogues, which replace the direct linking between para-substituted pyridinium moieties within those by a hydrazone functional group. A series of such compounds have been efficiently synthesized in aqueous media by hydrazone exchange reactions, displaying a marked pH-responsivity. Furthermore, the parent N,N'-dimethylated "vermellogen": the "red thread", an analogue of the herbicide paraquat and used herein as a representative model of the series, showed anion-recognition abilities, non-reversible electrochemical behavior, and non-toxicity of the modified bis-pyridinium core. The host-guest chemistry for the "red thread" with the CB[7,8] macrocyclic receptors has been extensively studied experimentally and by dispersion corrected density functional theory methods, showing a parallel behavior to that previously described for the herbicide but, crucially, swapping the well-known redox reactive capabilities of the viologen-based inclusion complexes by acid-base supramolecular responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Barravecchia
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Arturo Blanco-Gómez
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Iago Neira
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Raminta Skackauskaite
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alejandro Vila
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Gene & Cell Therapy Research Group (G-CEL), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Carlos Peinador
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
| | - Marcos D García
- Departamento de Química and Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071A Coruña, Spain
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11
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Wu G, Li F, Tang B, Zhang X. Molecular Engineering of Noncovalent Dimerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14962-14975. [PMID: 35969112 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dimers are probably the simplest model to facilitate the understanding of fundamental physical and chemical processes that take place in much-expanded systems like aggregates, crystals, and other solid states. The molecular interplay within a dimer differentiates it from the corresponding monomeric state and determines its features. Molecular engineering of noncovalent dimerization through applied supramolecular restrictions enables additional control over molecular interplay, particularly over its dynamic aspect. This Perspective introduces the recent effort that has been made in the molecular engineering of noncovalent dimerization, including supramolecular dimers, folda-dimers, and macrocyclic dimers. It showcases how the variation in supramolecular restrictions endows molecular-based materials with improved performance and/or functions like enhanced emission, room-temperature phosphorescence, and effective catalysis. We particularly discuss pseudostatic dimers that can sustain molecular interplay for a long period of time, yet are still flexible enough to adapt to variations. The pseudostatic feature allows for active species to decay along an alternate pathway, thereby spinning off emerging features that are not readily accessible from conventional dynamic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bohan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Soavi G, Pedrini A, Devi Das A, Terenziani F, Pinalli R, Hickey N, Medagli B, Geremia S, Dalcanale E. Encapsulation of Trimethine Cyanine in Cucurbit[8]uril: Solution versus Solid‐State Inclusion Behavior. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200185. [PMID: 35201658 PMCID: PMC9313864 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Inclusion of polymethine cyanine dyes in the cavity of macrocyclic receptors is an effective strategy to alter their absorption and emission behavior in aqueous solution. In this paper, the effect of the host‐guest interaction between cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and a model trimethine indocyanine (Cy3) on dye spectral properties and aggregation in water is investigated. Solution studies, performed by a combination of spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques, indicate that the addition of CB[8] disrupts Cy3 aggregates, leading to the formation of a 1 : 1 host‐guest complex with an association constant of 1.5×106 M−1. At concentrations suitable for NMR experiments, the slow formation of a supramolecular polymer was observed, followed by precipitation. Single crystals X‐ray structure elucidation confirmed the formation of a polymer with 1 : 1 stoichiometry in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Soavi
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedrini
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Anjali Devi Das
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Francesca Terenziani
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Roberta Pinalli
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Neal Hickey
- Centre of Excellence in Biocrystallography Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Barbara Medagli
- Centre of Excellence in Biocrystallography Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Centre of Excellence in Biocrystallography Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
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13
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Nie H, Wei Z, Ni XL, Liu Y. Assembly and Applications of Macrocyclic-Confinement-Derived Supramolecular Organic Luminescent Emissions from Cucurbiturils. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9032-9077. [PMID: 35312308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]urils (Q[n]s or CB[n]s), as a classical of artificial organic macrocyclic hosts, were found to have excellent advantages in the fabricating of tunable and smart organic luminescent materials in aqueous media and the solid state with high emitting efficiency under the rigid pumpkin-shaped structure-derived macrocyclic-confinement effect in recent years. This review aims to give a systematically up-to-date overview of the Q[n]-based supramolecular organic luminescent emissions from the confined spaces triggered host-guest complexes, including the assembly fashions and the mechanisms of the macrocycle-based luminescent complexes, as well as their applications. Finally, challenges and outlook are provided. Since this class of Q[n]-based supramolecular organic luminescent emissions, which have essentially derived from the cavity-dependent confinement effect and the resulting assembly fashions, emerged only a few years ago, we hope this review will provide valuable information for the further development of macrocycle-based light-emitting materials and other related research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigen Nie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ministry of Educational of China), Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.,Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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14
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Jiang H, Ye J, Hu P, Zhu S, Liang Y, Cui Z, Kloc C, Hu W. Growth direction dependent separate-channel charge transport in the organic weak charge-transfer co-crystal of anthracene-DTTCNQ. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:1057-1067. [PMID: 35048097 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01767e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Co-crystallization is an efficient way of molecular crystal engineering to tune the electronic properties of organic semiconductors. In this work, we synthesized anthracene-4,8-bis(dicyanomethylene)4,8-dihydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']-dithiophene (DTTCNQ) single crystals as a template to study the crystal growth direction dependent charge transport properties and attempted to elucidate the mechanism by proposing a separate-channel charge transport model. Single-crystal anthracene-DTTCNQ field-effect transistors showed that ambipolar transport properties could be observed in all crystal growth directions. Furthermore, upon changing the measured crystal directions, the electronic properties experienced a weak change from n-type dominated ambipolar, balanced ambipolar, to p-type dominated ambipolar properties. The theoretical calculations at density functional theory (DFT) and higher theory levels suggested that the anthracene-DTTCNQ co-crystal motif was a weak charge-transfer complex, in line with the experiment. Furthermore, the detailed theoretical analysis also indicated that electron or hole transport properties originated from separated channels formed by DTTCNQ or anthracene molecules. We thus proposed a novel separate-channel transport mechanism to support additional theoretical analysis and calculations. The joint experimental and theoretical efforts in this work suggest that the engineering of co-crystallization of weak charge-transfer complexes can be a practical approach for achieving tuneable ambipolar charge transport properties by the rational choice of co-crystal formers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jun Ye
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 138632, Singapore
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Shengli Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Yanqin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Christian Kloc
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenping Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China.
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
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15
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Yu H, Li J, Li S, Liu Y, Jackson NE, Moore JS, Schroeder CM. Efficient Intermolecular Charge Transport in π-Stacked Pyridinium Dimers Using Cucurbit[8]uril Supramolecular Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3162-3173. [PMID: 35148096 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular charge transport through π-conjugated molecules plays an essential role in biochemical redox processes and energy storage applications. In this work, we observe highly efficient intermolecular charge transport upon dimerization of pyridinium molecules in the cavity of a synthetic host (cucurbit[8]uril, CB[8]). Stable, homoternary complexes are formed between pyridinium molecules and CB[8] with high binding affinity, resulting in an offset stacked geometry of two pyridiniums inside the host cavity. The charge transport properties of free and dimerized pyridiniums are characterized using a scanning tunneling microscope-break junction (STM-BJ) technique. Our results show that π-stacked pyridinium dimers exhibit comparable molecular conductance to isolated, single pyridinium molecules, despite a longer transport pathway and a switch from intra- to intermolecular charge transport. Control experiments using a CB[8] homologue (cucurbit[7]uril, CB[7]) show that the synthetic host primarily serves to facilitate dimer formation and plays a minimal role on molecular conductance. Molecular modeling using density functional theory (DFT) reveals that pyridinium molecules are planarized upon dimerization inside the host cavity, which facilitates charge transport. In addition, the π-stacked pyridinium dimers possess large intermolecular LUMO-LUMO couplings, leading to enhanced intermolecular charge transport. Overall, this work demonstrates that supramolecular assembly can be used to control intermolecular charge transport in π-stacked molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jialing Li
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Charles M Schroeder
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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16
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He B, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Li G, Zhang B, Ma W, Rao B, Song R, Zhang L, Zhang Y, He G. ortho-Terphenylene Viologens with Through-Space Conjugation for Enhanced Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling and Hydrogen Evolution. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4422-4430. [PMID: 35143191 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel ortho-terphenylene viologen derivatives (o-TPV2+) with through-space conjugation (TSC) via the combination of ortho-terphenylene skeletons with viologen structure is reported. Their optoelectronic properties can be adjusted by N-arylation or N-alkylation reactions. Compared with other viologen derivatives, o-TPV2+ not only exhibits strong photoluminescence but also retards the charge recombination process and stabilizes the diradical state without forming a quinoid structure due to the special TSC effect. Based on their special redox characteristics, o-TPV2+ was applied to the photocatalytic oxidative coupling of benzylamine with 96% yield. In addition, pTA-o-TPV2+ (tethered with p-toluic acid)-modified g-C3N4 was used for visible-light-driven hydrogen production for the first time, exceeding 15 times the rate over unmodified g-C3N4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben He
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Sikun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Li
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Rao
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitong Song
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710126, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang He
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710049, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710054, People's Republic of China
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17
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Xu DA, Zhou QY, Dai X, Ma XK, Zhang YM, Xu X, Liu Y. Cucurbit[8]uril-mediated phosphorescent supramolecular foldamer for antibiotics sensing in water and cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Zhang LP, Liu CZ, Liu M, Lu S, Yu SB, Qi QY, Yang GY, Li X, Yang B, Li ZT. CB[10]-driven self-assembly of a homotrimer from a symmetric organic dye: tunable multicolor fluorescence and higher solid-state stability than that of a CB[8]-included homodimer. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01438f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A symmetric organic dye can form a highly stable homotrimer in the cavity of CB[10], which exhibits unique multicolour fluorescence different from that of the single molecule or its dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Ping Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Green Synthesis for Pharmaceuticals, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China
| | - Ming Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Department of Chemistry, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shang-Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiao-Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guan-Yu Yang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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19
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Lei Z, Li Q, Sun JD, Wang ZK, Wang H, Li ZT, Zhang DW. A cucurbit[8]uril-stabilized 3D charge transfer supramolecular polymer with a remarkable confinement effect for enhanced photocatalytic proton reduction and thioether oxidation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01939b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble porous supramolecular polymer is assembled through a CB[8]-based 2 + 2 host–guest binding motif, which can greatly increase the efficiency of photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jian-Da Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ze-Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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20
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Mommer S, Sokołowski K, Olesińska M, Huang Z, Scherman OA. Supramolecular Encapsulation of Redox-Active Monomers to Enable Free-Radical Polymerisation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8791-8796. [PMID: 35975157 PMCID: PMC9350630 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02072f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended polymeric structures based on redox-active species are of great interest in emerging technologies related to energy conversion and storage. However, redox-active monomers tend to inhibit radical polymerisation processes and hence, increase polydispersity and reduce the average molecular weight of the resultant polymers. Here, we demonstrate that styrenic viologens, which do not undergo radical polymerisation effectively on their own, can be readily copolymerised in the presence of cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) macrocycles. The presented strategy relies on pre-encapsulation of the viologen monomers within the molecular cavities of the CB[n] macrocycle. Upon polymerisation, the molecular weight of the resultant polymer was found to be an order of magnitude higher and the polydispersity reduced 5-fold. The mechanism responsible for this enhancement was unveiled through comprehensive spectroscopic and electrochemical studies. A combination of solubilisation/stabilisation of reduced viologen species as well as protection of the parent viologens against reduction gives rise to the higher molar masses and reduced polydispersities. The presented study highlights the potential of CB[n]-based host–guest chemistry to control both the redox behavior of monomers as well as the kinetics of their radical polymerisation, which will open up new opportunities across myriad fields. Extended polymeric structures based on redox-active species are of great interest in emerging technologies related to energy conversion and storage.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mommer
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Kamil Sokołowski
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Magdalena Olesińska
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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21
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Shen H, Liu C, Zheng J, Tao Z, Nie H, Ni XL. Cucurbit[8]uril-Assisted Nucleophilic Reaction: A Unique Supramolecular Approach for Cyanide Detection and Removal from Aqueous Solution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:55463-55469. [PMID: 34763418 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A unique supramolecular approach of preparing and using a cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8])-based dynamic host-guest assembly for cyanide sensing in and removal from water has been successfully developed. The dicyanovinyl-attached cationic guest (1) was designed as the fluorescent response moiety for the detection of the cyanide anion via a nucleophilic addition reaction in the assist of the Q[8]-based 2:2 quaternary complexes. Furthermore, the reaction of cyanide with 1 further switched the Q[8]-based host-guest assemblies from the 2:2 complexes to the 1:1 supramolecular polymers that precipitate in water. Thus, the macrocyclic-based dynamic host-guest assembly has potential use in applications for solving the problem of toxic anion pollutants present in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Haigen Nie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Educational of China, Key Laboratory of the Assembly and Application of Organic Functional Molecules of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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22
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Reji R, Tripathi NP, Rani K, Dalal A, Babu SA, Sengupta S. Structure‐Property Correlation of C10‐(H)‐Arylated‐N‐(pyren‐1‐yl)‐picolinamide Regioisomers towards Cu
2+
and Fe
3+
Sensing. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosmi Reji
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81 Punjab 140306 India
| | - Narendra Pratap Tripathi
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81 Punjab 140306 India
| | - Kavita Rani
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81 Punjab 140306 India
| | - Arup Dalal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81 Punjab 140306 India
| | - Srinivasarao Arulananda Babu
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81 Punjab 140306 India
| | - Sanchita Sengupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Knowledge City, Sector 81 Punjab 140306 India
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23
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Tunable room-temperature phosphorescence and circularly polarized luminescence encoding helical supramolecular polymer. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1104-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Fan G, Yu X, Han X, Zhao Z, Liu S. Tunable White-Light Emissions of Azapyrene Derivatives with Cucurbit[ n]uril Hosts in Aqueous Solution. Org Lett 2021; 23:6633-6637. [PMID: 34409834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n])-mediated assembly of π-conjugated azapyrene derivatives with rigid aromatic rings as bridging units into optically tunable complexes is reported. Due to the hindrance of rotation of diazapyrene moieties and the enhancement of intramolecular charge transfer of chromophore guests within the cavity of the CB[8] host, color tuning including white-light emission was easily achieved by introducing CB[8] into the guest aqueous solution, therefore suggesting a feasible strategy for the creation of tunable white-light emission materials through CB[n]-based host-guest interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangtan Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Xie Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.,Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.,Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Simin Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.,Institute of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
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25
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Bhaumik SK, Biswas R, Banerjee S. Cucurbituril Based Luminescent Materials in Aqueous Media and Solid State. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:2195-2210. [PMID: 34159742 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cucurbit[n]urils, the pumpkin shaped macrocyclic host molecules possessing a hydrophobic cavity and two identical carbonyl portals, have drawn a lot of attention in recent years due to their high-affinity yet dynamic molecular recognition properties in water. The reversible and stimuli-responsive nature of their host-guest complexes imparts "smart" features leading to materials with intriguing optical, mechanical and morphological properties. In this review, we focus on the design of cucurbituril based luminescent materials in aqueous media as well in solid or film state. The design principles of fluorescent complexes, small assemblies as well as supramolecular polymers along with their stimuli-responsive properties and applications in diverse areas such as optoelectronic devices, light harvesting, anti-counterfeiting and information technology, cell imaging, etc are highlighted with selected examples from recent literature. We also discuss examples of room temperature phosphorescent materials derived from purely organic luminogens in the presence of cucurbiturils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Kanti Bhaumik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Rakesh Biswas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
| | - Supratim Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India
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26
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Higginbotham HF, Maniam S, Hsia T, Isaacs L, Langford SJ, Bell TDM. Self-assembled, optically-active {naphthalene diimide}U{cucurbit[8]uril} ensembles in an aqueous environment. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:13434-13439. [PMID: 34105550 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00659b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Naphthalene diimides (NDIs) are shown to arrange spontaneously co-facially with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in an aqueous environment through purely non-covalent interactions. The resultant 2 : 2 supramolecular complex of NDI and CB[8] is highly fluorescent (>30 times more than the constituent NDIs) due to the formation of NDI-NDI excimers within the supramolecular complex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Subashani Maniam
- Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Tina Hsia
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Lyle Isaacs
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Steven J Langford
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Engineering & Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria 3122, Australia.
| | - Toby D M Bell
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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27
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Fernandes RJ, Remón P, Moro AJ, Seco A, Ferreira ASD, Pischel U, Basílio N. Toward Light-Controlled Supramolecular Peptide Dimerization. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8472-8478. [PMID: 34060851 PMCID: PMC9161448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The selective photodeprotection of the NVoc-modified FGG tripeptide yields the transformation of its 1:1 receptor-ligand complex with cucurbit[8]uril into a homoternary FGG2@CB8 assembly. The resulting light-induced dimerization of the model peptide provides a tool for the implementation of stimuli-responsive supramolecular chemistry in biologically relevant contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita J Fernandes
- Laboratorio Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV), Rede de Química e Tecnologia (REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnología, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Patricia Remón
- CIQSO - Centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, E-21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Artur J Moro
- Laboratorio Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV), Rede de Química e Tecnologia (REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnología, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - André Seco
- Laboratorio Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV), Rede de Química e Tecnologia (REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnología, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana S D Ferreira
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Uwe Pischel
- CIQSO - Centre for Research in Sustainable Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen s/n, E-21071 Huelva, Spain
| | - Nuno Basílio
- Laboratorio Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV), Rede de Química e Tecnologia (REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnología, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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28
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Falconer RJ, Schuur B, Mittermaier AK. Applications of isothermal titration calorimetry in pure and applied research from 2016 to 2020. J Mol Recognit 2021; 34:e2901. [PMID: 33975380 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last 5 years have seen a series of advances in the application of isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC) and interpretation of ITC data. ITC has played an invaluable role in understanding multiprotein complex formation including proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACS), and mitochondrial autophagy receptor Nix interaction with LC3 and GABARAP. It has also helped elucidate complex allosteric communication in protein complexes like trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP) complex. Advances in kinetics analysis have enabled the calculation of kinetic rate constants from pre-existing ITC data sets. Diverse strategies have also been developed to study enzyme kinetics and enzyme-inhibitor interactions. ITC has also been applied to study small molecule solvent and solute interactions involved in extraction, separation, and purification applications including liquid-liquid separation and extractive distillation. Diverse applications of ITC have been developed from the analysis of protein instability at different temperatures, determination of enzyme kinetics in suspensions of living cells to the adsorption of uremic toxins from aqueous streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Falconer
- School of Chemical Engineering & Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Boelo Schuur
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
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29
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Clarke D, Wu G, Wu C, Scherman OA. Host-Guest Induced Peptide Folding with Sequence-Specific Structural Chirality. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:6323-6327. [PMID: 33860670 PMCID: PMC8154536 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the spatial and temporal behavior of peptide segments is essential in the fabrication of functional peptide-based materials and nanostructures. To achieve a desired structure, complex sequence design is often required, coupled with the inclusion of unnatural amino acids or synthetic modifications. Herein, we investigate the structural properties of 1:1 inclusion complexes between specific oligopeptides and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), inducing the formation of turns, and by alteration of the peptide sequence, tunable structural chirality. We also explore extended peptide sequence binding with CB[8], demonstrating a simple approach to construct a peptide hairpin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ce Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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30
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de Vink PJ, van der Hek T, Brunsveld L. Light-driven release of cucurbit[8]uril from a bivalent cage. Chem Sci 2021; 12:6726-6731. [PMID: 34040748 PMCID: PMC8132991 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01410b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal control over supramolecular systems has great potential for the modulation of binding and assembly events, such as providing orthogonal control over protein activity. Especially light controlled triggering provides unique entries for supramolecular systems to interface in a controlled manner with enzymes. Here we report on the light-induced release of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) from a bivalent cage molecule and its subsequent activation of a proteolytic enzyme, caspase-9, that itself is unresponsive to light. Central to the design is the bivalent binding of the cage with high affinity to CB[8], 100-fold stronger than the UV-inactivated products. The affinity switching occurs in the (sub-)micromolar concentration regime, matching the concentration characteristics required for dimerizing and activating caspase-9 by CB[8]. The light-responsive caged CB[8] concept presented offers a novel platform for tuning and application of switchable cucurbiturils and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim J de Vink
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Tim van der Hek
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Luc Brunsveld
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology P. O. Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
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31
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Pedrini A, Devi Das A, Pinalli R, Hickey N, Geremia S, Dalcanale E. The Role of Chain Length in Cucurbit[8]uril Complexation of Methyl Alkyl Viologens. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Pedrini
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Anjali Devi Das
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Roberta Pinalli
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Neal Hickey
- Centre of Excellence in Biocrystallography Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Silvano Geremia
- Centre of Excellence in Biocrystallography Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Trieste Via L. Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Department of Chemistry Life Science and Environmental Sustainability University of Parma Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy
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32
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Whitaker DJ, Huang Z, Longbottom BW, Sala RL, Wu G, Scherman OA. Supramolecular hydrogels prepared from fluorescent alkyl pyridinium acrylamide monomers and CB[8]. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01374a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Facile synthetic methodology unlocks alkyl pyridinium acrylamide monomers for use in the construction of cucurbit[8]uril mediated dynamic, fluorescent hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Whitaker
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Brooke W. Longbottom
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Renata L. Sala
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Cambridge
- Cambridge
- UK
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33
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Zhang X, Sun T, Ni XL. Fluorescence visualization of cucurbit[8]uril-triggered dynamic host–guest assemblies. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00649a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic assemblies of π-conjugated bispyridinium guests with cucurbit[8]uril in aqueous solution could be distinguished by real-time naked-eye observation of the resulting quantitative fluorescence emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- China
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province
- Guizhou University
- Guiyang
- China
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34
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Berta D, Szabó I, Scherman OA, Rosta E. Toward Understanding CB[7]-Based Supramolecular Diels-Alder Catalysis. Front Chem 2020; 8:587084. [PMID: 33240848 PMCID: PMC7677497 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.587084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbiturils (CBs) are robust and versatile macrocyclic compounds, often used as molecular hosts in complex supramolecular systems. In previous work, remarkable catalytic activity has been observed for asymmetric cycloadditions under very mild conditions. Herein, we investigate the nature of supramolecular catalysis using DFT calculations and QM/MM techniques. We discuss induced conformational changes, electrostatic shielding effects from the highly polar aqueous environment and cooperativity in hydrogen bonding of the substrates in explicit water using QM/MM simulation techniques. Our results show little specificity for the chosen molecules, suggesting an excellent opportunity to expand the scope for catalytic use of these supramolecular macrocyclic containers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Berta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - István Szabó
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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35
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Hua B, Zhang C, Zhou W, Shao L, Wang Z, Wang L, Zhu H, Huang F. Pillar[5]arene-Based Solid-State Supramolecular Polymers with Suppressed Aggregation-Caused Quenching Effects and Two-Photon Excited Emission. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16557-16561. [PMID: 32916045 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein we develop a new pillar[5]arene-mediated supramolecular polymerization strategy to control the assembly of dyes 4,7-di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 4,7-di-2-thienyl-2,1,3-benzoselenadiazole in the solid state. The resulting supramolecular polymeric structures drive the dye aggregates in the solid state from parallel alignments to highly ordered "head-to-tail" structures, which effectively suppresses excimer formation and thus aggregation-caused quenching effects and enhances the solid-state emission efficiency by almost 1 order of magnitude. This, together with two-photon excited emission, endows these solid-state polymers with exciting potential in optoelectronic, photonic, and bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Li Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Zedong Wang
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Linjun Wang
- Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Haiming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.,Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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36
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Wu G, Huang Z, Scherman OA. Quantitative Supramolecular Heterodimerization for Efficient Energy Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15963-15967. [PMID: 32495447 PMCID: PMC7540262 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The challenge of quantitatively forming self-assembled heterodimers without other equilibrium by-products is overcome through self-sorting favored by the introduction of designed shape-complementary moieties. Such a supramolecular strategy based on cucurbit[8]uril-directed dimerization is further applied to generate hetero-chromophore dimers quantitatively, leading to efficient energy transfer (>85 %) upon photoexcitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer SynthesisDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer SynthesisDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer SynthesisDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RoadCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
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37
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Yang X, Wang R, Kermagoret A, Bardelang D. Oligomeric Cucurbituril Complexes: from Peculiar Assemblies to Emerging Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Aix Marseille Univ CNRS ICR Marseille France
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences University of Macau, Taipa Macau China
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38
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Yang X, Wang R, Kermagoret A, Bardelang D. Oligomeric Cucurbituril Complexes: from Peculiar Assemblies to Emerging Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:21280-21292. [PMID: 32567745 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteins are an endless source of inspiration. By carefully tuning the amino-acid sequence of proteins, nature made them evolve from primary to quaternary structures, a property specific to protein oligomers and often crucial to accomplish their function. On the other hand, the synthetic macrocycles cucurbiturils (CBs) have shown outstanding recognition properties in water, and a growing number of (host)n :(guest)n supramolecular polymers involving CBs have been reported. However, the burgeoning field of discrete (n:n) host:guest oligomers has just started to attract attention. While 2:2 complexes are the major oligomers, 3:3 and up to 6:6 oligomers have been described, some associated with emerging applications, specific to the (n:n) arrangements. Design rules to target (n:n) host:guest oligomers are proposed toward new advanced host:guest systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France
| | - Ruibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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39
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Tabet A, Gebhart T, Wu G, Readman C, Pierson Smela M, Rana VK, Baker C, Bulstrode H, Anikeeva P, Rowitch DH, Scherman OA. Applying support-vector machine learning algorithms toward predicting host-guest interactions with cucurbit[7]uril. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14976-14982. [PMID: 32588846 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05800a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning is a valuable tool in the development of chemical technologies but its applications into supramolecular chemistry have been limited. Here, the utility of kernel-based support vector machine learning using density functional theory calculations as training data is evaluated when used to predict equilibrium binding coefficients of small molecules with cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]). We find that utilising SVMs may confer some predictive ability. This algorithm was then used to predict the binding of drugs TAK-580 and selumetinib. The algorithm did predict strong binding for TAK-580 and poor binding for selumetinib, and these results were experimentally validated. It was discovered that the larger homologue cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) is partial to selumetinib, suggesting an opportunity for tunable release by introducing different concentrations of CB[7] or CB[8] into a hydrogel depot. We qualitatively demonstrated that these drugs may have utility in combination against gliomas. Finally, mass transfer simulations show CB[7] can independently tune the release of TAK-580 without affecting selumetinib. This work gives specific evidence that a machine learning approach to recognition of small molecules by macrocycles has merit and reinforces the view that machine learning may prove valuable in the development of drug delivery systems and supramolecular chemistry more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Tabet
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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40
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Wu G, Huang Z, Scherman OA. Quantitative Supramolecular Heterodimerization for Efficient Energy Transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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41
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Zhou XH, Fan Y, Li WX, Zhang X, Liang RR, Lin F, Zhan TG, Cui J, Liu LJ, Zhao X, Zhang KD. Viologen derivatives with extended π-conjugation structures: From supra-/molecular building blocks to organic porous materials. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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42
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Masson E, Urbach AR. 6 th International Conference on Cucurbiturils (ICCB2019): Athens, Ohio, USA, July 21-24 th. Supramol Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2020.1725516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Masson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Adam R. Urbach
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX, USA
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43
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Huang Z, Chen X, Wu G, Metrangolo P, Whitaker D, McCune JA, Scherman OA. Host-Enhanced Phenyl-Perfluorophenyl Polar-π Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7356-7361. [PMID: 32248683 PMCID: PMC7181256 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phenyl-perfluorophenyl polar-π interactions have been revisited for the design and fabrication of functional supramolecular systems. The relatively weak associative interactions (ΔG ≈ -1.0 kcal/mol) have limited their use in aqueous self-assembly to date. Herein, we propose a strategy to strengthen phenyl-perfluorophenyl polar-π interactions by encapsulation within a synthetic host, thus increasing the binding affinity to ΔG= -15.5 kcal/mol upon formation of heteroternary complexes through social self-sorting. These heteroternary complexes were used as dynamic, yet strong, cross-linkers in the fabrication of supramolecular gels, which exhibited excellent viscoelasticity, stretchability, self-recovery, self-healing, and energy dissipation. This work unveils a general approach to exploit host-enhanced polar-π interactions in the design of robust aqueous supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehuan Huang
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniel Whitaker
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Jade A McCune
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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44
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Grommet AB, Feller M, Klajn R. Chemical reactivity under nanoconfinement. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 15:256-271. [PMID: 32303705 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-020-0652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Confining molecules can fundamentally change their chemical and physical properties. Confinement effects are considered instrumental at various stages of the origins of life, and life continues to rely on layers of compartmentalization to maintain an out-of-equilibrium state and efficiently synthesize complex biomolecules under mild conditions. As interest in synthetic confined systems grows, we are realizing that the principles governing reactivity under confinement are the same in abiological systems as they are in nature. In this Review, we categorize the ways in which nanoconfinement effects impact chemical reactivity in synthetic systems. Under nanoconfinement, chemical properties can be modulated to increase reaction rates, enhance selectivity and stabilize reactive species. Confinement effects also lead to changes in physical properties. The fluorescence of light emitters, the colours of dyes and electronic communication between electroactive species can all be tuned under confinement. Within each of these categories, we elucidate design principles and strategies that are widely applicable across a range of confined systems, specifically highlighting examples of different nanocompartments that influence reactivity in similar ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela B Grommet
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Moran Feller
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rafal Klajn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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45
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Asskar G, Rivard M, Martens T. Glutaconaldehyde as an Alternative Reagent to the Zincke Salt for the Transformation of Primary Amines into Pyridinium Salts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1232-1239. [PMID: 31834800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In the presence of amines, the degradation of glutaconaldehyde in acidic medium can be prevented. By exploitation of this behavior, primary amines are transformed into their corresponding pyridinium salts, including those substrates that remain unreactive toward the Zincke salt, which is the reagent typically used to perform this transformation. The use of glutaconaldehyde also allows control of the nature of the counterion of the pyridinium with no need for additional salt metathesis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Asskar
- ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC , Université Paris Est , 94320 Thiais , France
| | - Michael Rivard
- ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC , Université Paris Est , 94320 Thiais , France
| | - Thierry Martens
- ICMPE (UMR 7182), CNRS, UPEC , Université Paris Est , 94320 Thiais , France
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46
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Wu G, Clarke DE, Wu C, Scherman OA. Oligopeptide-CB[8] complexation with switchable binding pathways. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:3514-3520. [PMID: 30892363 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00592g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Host-guest complexes exhibiting a 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry need not consist of a single host and guest. A series of oligopeptides, which were previously reported to have abnormally high binding enthalpies were investigated to deduce whether they exist as a 2 : 2 quaternary or a 1 : 1 binary complex with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). Through a systematic study of the sequence-specific binding pathways of peptide-CB[8] association, a phenylalanine-leucine dipeptide was found to be capable of switching from a 1 : 1 stoichiometric complex to a 2 : 1 complex. By studying the differences in size-based diffusion properties of these two binding modes, the presence of a 1 : 1 pairwise inclusion complex was verified for the regime where CB[8] is in excess. Findings in this study can be utilised to 'customise' the precise CB[8]-oligopeptide self-assembly pathway, acting as a useful toolbox in the design of supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK.
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47
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Wang J, Huang Z, Ma X, Tian H. Visible‐Light‐Excited Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence in Water by Cucurbit[8]uril‐Mediated Supramolecular Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Zizhao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Meilong Road 130 Shanghai 200237 P. R. China
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48
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Wang J, Huang Z, Ma X, Tian H. Visible-Light-Excited Room-Temperature Phosphorescence in Water by Cucurbit[8]uril-Mediated Supramolecular Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9928-9933. [PMID: 31799773 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state materials with efficient room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) emissions have found widespread applications in materials science, while liquid or solution-phase pure organic RTP emission systems has been rarely reported, because of the nonradiative decay and quenchers from the liquid medium. Reported here is the first example of visible-light-excited pure organic RTP in aqueous solution by using a supramolecular host-guest assembly strategy. The unique cucurbit[8]uril-mediated quaternary stacking structure allows tunable photoluminescence and visible-light excitation, enabling the fabrication of multicolor hydrogels and cell imaging. The present assembly-induced emission approach, as a proof of concept, contributes to the construction of novel metal-free RTP systems with tunable photoluminescence in aqueous solution, providing broad opportunities for further applications in biological imaging, detection, optical sensors, and so forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Zizhao Huang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - He Tian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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49
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Wu G, Bae YJ, Olesińska M, Antón-García D, Szabó I, Rosta E, Wasielewski MR, Scherman OA. Controlling the structure and photophysics of fluorophore dimers using multiple cucurbit[8]uril clampings. Chem Sci 2019; 11:812-825. [PMID: 34123057 PMCID: PMC8146025 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04587b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A modular strategy has been employed to develop a new class of fluorescent molecules, which generates discrete, dimeric stacked fluorophores upon complexation with multiple cucurbit[8]uril macrocycles. The multiple constraints result in a “static” complex (remaining as a single entity for more than 30 ms) and facilitate fluorophore coupling in the ground state, showing a significant bathochromic shift in absorption and emission. This modular design is surprisingly applicable and flexible and has been validated through an investigation of nine different fluorophore cores ranging in size, shape, and geometric variation of their clamping modules. All fluorescent dimers evaluated can be photo-excited to atypical excimer-like states with elongated excited lifetimes (up to 37 ns) and substantially high quantum yields (up to 1). This strategy offers a straightforward preparation of discrete fluorophore dimers, providing promising model systems with explicitly stable dimeric structures and tunable photophysical features, which can be utilized to study various intermolecular processes. Dimerisation of a wide range of fluorophores through multiple CB[8] clampings leads to constrained intracomplex motion and distinct photophysical properties.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Youn Jue Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208-3113 USA
| | - Magdalena Olesińska
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Daniel Antón-García
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - István Szabó
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London 7 Trinity Street London SE1 1DB UK
| | - Edina Rosta
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London 7 Trinity Street London SE1 1DB UK
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208-3113 USA
| | - Oren A Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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50
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Shi X, Zhang X, Ni XL, Zhang H, Wei P, Liu J, Xing H, Peng HQ, Lam JWY, Zhang P, Wang Z, Hao H, Tang BZ. Supramolecular Polymerization with Dynamic Self-Sorting Sequence Control. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Shi
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD, South Area Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xin-Long Ni
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Haoke Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Peifa Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Junkai Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hao Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hui-Qing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD, South Area Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zaiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hongxia Hao
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science, China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center of Judicial Civilization, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing first RD, South Area Hi-tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Institute of Molecular Functional Materials, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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