1
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Nussbaum BC, Cavicchi CR, Smith MD, Pellechia PJ, Peryshkov DV. Redox-Active Carboranyl Diphosphine as an Electron and Proton Transfer Agent. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39067032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we report the first example of the PCET reactivity for a boron cluster compound, the zwitterionic nido-carboranyl diphosphonium derivative 7-P(H)tBu2-10-P(H)iPr2-nido-C2B10H10. This main-group reagent efficiently transfers two electrons and two protons to quinones to yield hydroquinones and regenerate a neutral closo-carboranyl diphosphine, 1-PtBu2-2-PiPr2-closo-C2B10H10. As we have previously reported the conversion of this closo-carboranyl diphosphine into the zwitterionic nido- derivative upon reaction with main group hydrides, the transformation reported herein represents a complete synthetic cycle for the metal-free reduction of quinones, with the redox-active carboranyl diphosphine scaffold acting as a mediator. The proposed mechanism of this reduction, based on pKa determination, electrochemical studies, and kinetic isotope effect determination, involves the electron transfer from the nido- cluster to the quinone coupled with the delivery of protons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce C Nussbaum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Cameron R Cavicchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Perry J Pellechia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Dmitry V Peryshkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, 631 Sumter St, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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2
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Li S, Shiri F, Xu G, Yiu SM, Lee HK, Ng TH, Lin Z, Lu Z. Reactivity of a Hexaaryldiboron(6) Dianion as Boryl Radical Anions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17348-17354. [PMID: 38864188 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Our study unveils a novel approach to accessing boryl radicals through the spontaneous homolytic cleavage of B-B bonds. We synthesized a hexaaryl-substituted diboron(6) dianion, 1, via the reductive B-B coupling of 9-borafluorene. Intriguingly, compound 1 exhibits the ability to undergo homolytic B-B bond cleavage, leading to the formation of boryl radical anions, as confirmed by EPR studies, in the presence of the 2.2.2-cryptand at room temperature. Moreover, it directly reacts with diphenylacetylene, producing an unprecedented 1,6-diborylated allene species, where the phenyl ring is dearomatized. Density functional theory computational studies suggest that homolytic B-B bond cleavage is favored in the reaction path, and the formation of the boryl radical anion is crucial for dearomatization. Additionally, it achieves the dearomative diborylation of anthracene and the activation of elemental sulfur/selenium under mild conditions. The borylation products have been successfully characterized by NMR spectra, HRMS, and X-ray single-crystal diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchang Li
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Farshad Shiri
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Gan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Shek-Man Yiu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Hung Kay Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Tik Hong Ng
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P. R. China
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3
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Ahmad A, Gayen S, Mishra S, Afsan Z, Bontemps S, Ghosh S. Doubly Base-Stabilized Diborane(4) and Borato-Boronium Species and Their Chemistry with Chalcogens. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3376-3382. [PMID: 38329931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
In an effort to isolate diborane(4) derivatives, we have developed an efficient and uncatalyzed approach using [BH3·THF] and the mercaptopyridine ligand. Thermolysis of 2-mercaptopyridine, in the presence of [BH3·THF], afforded a doubly base-stabilized diborane(4) species 1, [HB(μ-C5H4NS)]2, along with the formation of its isomeric species 2, [HB(μ-C5H4NS)]2, albeit in less yield. Based on the coordination of the boron with the mercaptopyridine ligand in 2 and its spectroscopic data, compound 2 has been designated as a borato-boronium species, in which the anionic borate and cationic boronium units are covalently bonded to each other. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the oxidative insertion of chalcogen atoms (S and Se) through the B-B bond of the base-stabilized diborane(4), 1, that yielded chalcogenido-diboron species, 3(S) and 4(Se).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sourav Gayen
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Shivankan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Zeenat Afsan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Sébastien Bontemps
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 205 route de Narbonne, Toulouse 31077, Cedex 04, France
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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4
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Mao X, Lu Z, Zhang J, Xie Z. Catalyst-Free Regioselective Diborylation of Aryllithium with Tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317614. [PMID: 38123525 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
A catalyst-free 1,2-diborylation of aryllithium with tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) has been achieved, giving a series of 1,2-diborylaryl lithium species in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions, which leads to 1,2-di(tolyl)borylarenes in 60-91 % yields upon treatment with the hydride-abstracting reagent. In these transformations, one sp2 C-H of arene is activated and both boryl units are utilized to build two new (sp2 )C-B bonds. This represents a new strategy for selective arene diborylation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that an aromatic nucleophilic substitution is a key step in the formation of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Mao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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5
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Kistner L, Sigmund LM, Grieser FF, Krauß J, Leingang S, Kaifer E, Greb L, Himmel HJ. Metal-Free B-B Dehydrocoupling Reaction of a Simple Borane Adduct: Convenient Access to a Nucleophilic Diborane(4). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317462. [PMID: 38010620 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The selective formation of homonuclear bonds is of key importance in synthetic chemistry. Especially, dehydrocoupling reactions are attractive as ecologically and economically friendly alternatives to established reductive bond forming reactions, since they do not require the use of stoichiometric amounts of a reducing reagent and produce only valuable dihydrogen as by-product. Here, we report on a metal-free B-B dehydrocoupling reaction that starts directly from a simple, easily accessible BH3 adduct, providing convenient access to a new nucleophilic dihydridodiborane in excellent yield. The dihydridodiborane in turn activates dihydrogen, allowing to obtain quantitatively the dideuteridodiborane from the dihydridodiborane by D2 activation. On the basis of detailed quantum-chemical calculations, the mechanism of this unprecedented reaction is elucidated. Some key points that are essential for metal-free dehydrocoupling are disclosed, paving the way for their systematic evaluation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kistner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Maximilian Sigmund
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Frank Grieser
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julian Krauß
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Leingang
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Werner L, Hagn J, Radius U. NHC-Stabilized Dialanes(4) of Al 2 Mes 4. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202303111. [PMID: 37792718 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) stabilized dialanes Al2 Mes4 as well as first investigations concerning the reactivity of these compounds are reported. The synthesis of these compounds proceeds via the mesityl-substituted alanes (NHC)⋅AlHMes2 (NHC=IMeMe {=1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-imidazolin-2-ylidene}, IiPrMe {=1,3-di-iso-propyl-4,5-dimethylimidazolin-2-ylidene}) and iodo-alanes (NHC)⋅AlIMes2 (NHC=IMeMe , IiPrMe ). Metallic reduction of (NHC)⋅AlIMes2 afforded the new NHC-stabilized dialanes (NHC)2 ⋅Al2 Mes4 (NHC=IMeMe , IiPrMe ). The NHC-ligated dialanes are thermally robust and storable synthons for the dialane Al2 Mes4 . First reactivity studies on (IMeMe )2 ⋅Al2 Mes4 towards small molecules confirm this, as this compound shows controlled and selective reactions with several substrates. Reaction with CuCl leads to oxidation of the dialane and formation of (IMeMe )⋅AlClMes2 , reactions with pyridine N-oxide and t Bu-N=C=S, respectively, gave the chalcogenide-bridged dimers {(IMeMe )⋅AlMes2 }2 -μ-E (E=O, S), and reaction with acetylene afforded the dimetallaacetylide {(IMeMe )⋅AlMes2 }2 -μ-(C≡C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Werner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Julika Hagn
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Yamamoto M, Chan WC, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Reactions of Tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) with Organic Azides: Formation of Fluorescent Boron-Fused Hexazenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302027. [PMID: 37369623 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) with organic azides afforded three different compounds, diborylamines, diboryltriazenes, and B2 -hexazenes having a bicyclic B2 N6 ring system. The reaction with aryl azides gave diborylamines, while the reaction with 1 equiv. of alkyl azides furnished diboryltriazenes. In the case of the reaction with an excess amount of primary alkyl azide, a new heterocyclic B2 -hexazenes were obtained. The formation of the B2 N6 structure could be explained by one general reaction mechanism via the diboryltriazene intermediate according to the control experiments and DFT calculations. The B2 -hexazenes exhibited a strong fluorescence with a remarkably high fluorescent quantum yield of up to 96 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wing Chun Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
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8
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Kistner L, Filbeck E, Ihle P, Bučak Gasser D, Häussermann SWH, Kowatsch D, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Cationic Symmetrically and Unsymmetrically Substituted Diboranes and Bis(diboranes) with Direct Boron‐Boron Bond: Synthesis by Substitution, Stability and Properties. European J Org Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202300038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Kistner
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Erik Filbeck
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Patrick Ihle
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - David Bučak Gasser
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sebastian W. H. Häussermann
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Dario Kowatsch
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Inorganic Chemistry Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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9
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Zhang Y, Wu L, Wang H. Application of N-heterocyclic silylenes in low-valent group 13, 14 and 15 chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Feng G, Chan KL, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Al-Sc Bonded Complexes: Synthesis, Structure, and Reaction with Benzene in the Presence of Alkyl Halide. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22662-22668. [PMID: 36469934 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
An alumanyl anion possessing N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1,3-propanediamine ligand was synthesized and characterized. Transmetalation of this Al anion with diaminoscandium chloride precursors afforded the corresponding Al-Sc complexes possessing an unprecedented Al-Sc bond. The Al-Sc[N(SiMe3)2] complex underwent intramolecular C-H cleavage to form a bridged dinuclear complex with μ-hydrido and μ-methylene ligands. The Al-Sc(NiPr2)2 complex reacted with benzene in the presence of alkyl bromide to furnish a 1,4-dialuminated cyclohexadiene product with a concomitant formation of the alkyl-alkyl coupled product. Although the latter product seems to form through the radical mechanism, DFT calculations revealed an ionic mechanism involving bimetallic reaction pathways to react with alkyl bromide and benzene, which provides new insight into the chemistry of metal-metal bonded compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genfeng Feng
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ka Lok Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
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11
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Morris LJ, Rajeshkumar T, Okumura A, Maron L, Okuda J. Solvent‐Dependent Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination of H
2
Across a Gallium‐Zinc Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208855. [PMID: 35833688 PMCID: PMC9544028 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis J. Morris
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52062 Aachen Germany
- Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Thayalan Rajeshkumar
- CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO Université de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Akira Okumura
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52062 Aachen Germany
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS INSA UPS UMR 5215 LPCNO Université de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University 52062 Aachen Germany
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12
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Bao M, Dai Y, Liu C, Su Y. Acid/Base-Free Acyclic Anionic Oxoborane and Iminoborane Bearing Diboryl Groups. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11137-11142. [PMID: 35815522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Anionic oxoboranes and neutral iminoboranes, which are isoelectronic to ketones and alkynes, respectively, have attracted much attention because of their unique structures and various reactivity. However, acid/base-free oxoboranes and iminoboranes are still limited, and readily accessible examples with diverse electronic and steric characteristics are highly desirable. Herein, we report the first syntheses of the acyclic anionic oxoborane 2 and iminoborane 4 bearing two boryl ligands, both of which are acid/base-free. Spectroscopic analysis, X-ray crystallography, and theoretical calculations reveal that 2 and 4 possess a polarized terminal B═O double bond and central B≡N triple bond, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manling Bao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Chunmeng Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yuanting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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13
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Solvent‐Dependent Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination of H2 Across a Gallium─Zinc Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Schorr F, Arrowsmith M, Fantuzzi F, Rempel A, Braunschweig H. 1,2-Dialkynyldiboranes(4): B-B versus CC bond reactivity. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6197-6203. [PMID: 35388860 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00683a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of three 1,2-dialkynyl-1,2-diaminodiborane(4) derivatives, B2(NMe2)2(CCR)2 (R = H, Me, SiMe3), towards small molecules known to react with both B-B and CC bonds was studied. With arylazides nitrene insertion into the B-B bond with concomitant loss of N2 was kinetically favoured in all cases. While reactions with sterically unhindered hydroboranes proceeded unselectively, sterically encumbered dimesitylborane cleanly added to both alkynyl moieties, resulting in the first examples of 1,2-divinyldiboranes(4). In the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd/C room-temperature hydrogenation at 1 bar led to oxidative B-B bond cleavage and yielded the fully hydrogenated alkyl(amino)hydroborane products. These could be prevented from dimerising and isolated by complexation with an NHC ligand. Finally, stepwise halogenation of the B-B bond and the alkynyl groups afforded first the corresponding alkynyl(amino)haloboranes and then the amino(halo)(1,2-dihalovinyl)boranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schorr
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Str. 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Park Wood Rd, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK
| | - Anna Rempel
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. .,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Han J, Li Q, Wei R, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung C, Kong L. Crystalline Neutral Diboron Analogues of Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117053. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Jixing Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 P. R. China
| | - Rui Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - David A. Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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16
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Mao X, Zhang J, Lu Z, Xie Z. A (μ-hydrido)diborane(4) anion and its coordination chemistry with coinage metals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3009-3013. [PMID: 35382458 PMCID: PMC8905795 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00318j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A tetra(o-tolyl) (μ-hydrido)diborane(4) anion 1, an analogue of [B2H5]- species, was facilely prepared through the reaction of tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) with sodium hydride. Unlike common sp2-sp3 diborane species, 1 exhibited a σ-B-B bond nucleophilicity towards NHC-coordinated transition-metal (Cu, Ag, and Au) halides, resulting in the formation of η2-B-B bonded complexes 2 as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray analyses. Compared with 1, the structural data of 2 imply significant elongations of B-B bonds, following the order Au > Cu > Ag. DFT studies show that the diboron ligand interacts with the coinage metal through a three-center-two-electron B-M-B bonding mode. The fact that the B-B bond of the gold complex is much prolonged than the related Cu and Ag compounds might be ascribed to the superior electrophilicity of the gold atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Mao
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Zhenpin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
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17
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Kurumada S, Yamashita M. A Tetraorganyl-Alumaborane with An Al-B σ-Bond and Two Adjacent Lewis-Acidic Centers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4327-4332. [PMID: 35245043 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A tetraorganyl-alumaborane (3) that contains an Al-B bond and twisted Al and B planes was synthesized and structurally characterized. UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical measurement, and DFT calculations were employed to reveal the electronic properties of 3. The reactivity of 3 toward DMSO and CO was studied to demonstrate its deoxygenating abilities. On the basis of the results of the DFT calculations, a detailed reaction mechanism was developed, which highlighted the important role of the distinct Lewis acidity of the group-13 elements Al and B in 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kurumada
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8603, Japan
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18
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Wang Y, Zhang X, Han J, Li Q, Wei R, Ruiz DA, Liu LL, Tung CH, Kong L. Crystalline Neutral Diboron Analogues of Cyclopropanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jixing Han
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Qianli Li
- Liaocheng University Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rui Wei
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - David A Ruiz
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Lingbing Kong
- Shandong University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 27 Shanda Nanlu 250100 Jinan CHINA
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19
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Shoji Y, Tanaka N, Ikabata Y, Sakai H, Hasobe T, Koch N, Nakai H, Fukushima T. Tetraaryldiborane(4) Can Emit Dual Fluorescence Responding to the Structural Change around the B–B Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Present address: Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research, (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikabata
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
- Present address: Information and Media Center Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan
| | - Hayato Sakai
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| | - Taku Hasobe
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University Yokohama 223-8522 Japan
| | - Norbert Koch
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin 12489 Germany
| | - Hiromi Nakai
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Advanced Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku Yokohama 226-8503 Japan
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20
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Shoji Y, Kashida J, Fukushima T. Bringing out the potential of organoboron compounds by designing the chemical bonds and spaces around boron. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4420-4434. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00653g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Since the structures, reactivity and properties of organoboron compounds stem from the electron deficiency and low electronegativity of boron, the design of the chemical bonds attached to boron as well...
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21
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Okorn A, Jayaraman A, Englert L, Arrowsmith M, Swoboda T, Weigelt J, Brunecker C, Hess M, Lamprecht A, Lenczyk C, Rang M, Braunschweig H. Synthesis and hydrogenation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted diborenes via uncatalysed hydrogenative B–C bond cleavage. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7566-7574. [PMID: 35872817 PMCID: PMC9242019 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to classical B–B bond-centred diborene hydrogenation, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-substituted diborenes first undergo thermal intramolecular hydroarylation, followed by hydrogenation of the remaining B–B and endocyclic B–C bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Okorn
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Arumugam Jayaraman
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Englert
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle Arrowsmith
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Swoboda
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jeanette Weigelt
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carina Brunecker
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merlin Hess
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lamprecht
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Lenczyk
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Rang
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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22
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Shoji Y, Tanaka N, Ikabata Y, Sakai H, Hasobe T, Koch N, Nakai H, Fukushima T. Tetraaryldiborane(4) Can Emit Dual Fluorescence Responding to the Structural Change around the B-B Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113549. [PMID: 34677888 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the successful synthesis of tetramesityldiborane(4) (Mes4 B2 ) through the reductive coupling of a dimesitylborinium ion. Owing to the steric protection conferred by the mesityl groups, Mes4 B2 shows exceptional chemical stability and remains intact in water. Single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed that Mes4 B2 has an orthogonal geometry, where the B-B center is completely hidden by the mesityl groups. Remarkably, Mes4 B2 emits dual fluorescence at 460 and 620 nm, both in solution and in the solid state. Theoretical calculations showed that Mes4 B2 in the excited S1 state adopts a twisted or planar geometry, which is responsible for the shorter- or longer-wavelength fluorescence, respectively. The intensity ratio of the dual fluorescence is sensitive to the viscosity of the medium, which suggests that Mes4 B2 has potential as a ratiometric viscosity sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Shoji
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Naoki Tanaka
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Present address: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research, (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikabata
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.,Present address: Information and Media Center, Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi, 441-8580, Japan
| | - Hayato Sakai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Taku Hasobe
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Norbert Koch
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 12489, Germany
| | - Hiromi Nakai
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Fukushima
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Science, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
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23
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Budy H, Kaese T, Bolte M, Lerner H, Wagner M. A Chemiluminescent Tetraaryl Diborane(4) Tetraanion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:19397-19405. [PMID: 34161639 PMCID: PMC8456833 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Two subvalent, redox-active diborane(4) anions, [3]4- and [3]2- , carrying exceptionally high negative charge densities are reported: Reduction of 9-methoxy-9-borafluorene with Li granules without stirring leads to the crystallization of the B(sp3 )-B(sp2 ) diborane(5) anion salt Li[5]. [5]- contains a 2,2'-biphenyldiyl-bridged B-B core, a chelating 2,2'-biphenyldiyl moiety, and a MeO substituent. Reduction of Li[5] with Na metal gives the Na+ salt of the tetraanion [3]4- in which two doubly reduced 9-borafluorenyl fragments are linked via a B-B single bond. Comproportionation of Li[5] and Na4 [3] quantitatively furnishes the diborane(4) dianion salt Na2 [3], the doubly boron-doped congener of 9,9'-bis(fluorenylidene). Under acid catalysis, Na2 [3] undergoes a formal Stone-Wales rearrangement to yield a dibenzo[g,p]chrysene derivative with B=B core. Na2 [3] shows boron-centered nucleophilicity toward n-butyl chloride. Na4 [3] produces bright blue chemiluminescence when exposed to air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Budy
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Thomas Kaese
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Hans‐Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieGoethe-Universität FrankfurtMax-von-Laue-Strasse 760438Frankfurt (Main)Germany
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24
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Budy H, Kaese T, Bolte M, Lerner H, Wagner M. A Chemiluminescent Tetraaryl Diborane(4) Tetraanion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Budy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Thomas Kaese
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Hans‐Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
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25
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Ota K, Kinjo R. A Crystalline B 4N 2 Dewar Benzene as a Building Block for Conjugated B,N-Chains. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11152-11159. [PMID: 34264664 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c04860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Dewar benzene, one of the isolable valence isomers of C6H6, has been extensively studied since its first synthesis in 1962. By contrast, the chemistry of inorganic congeners of Dewar benzene, which can be formally gained by replacing the skeletal carbon atoms with heteroatoms, has been less developed despite their peculiar structural and electronic features. Among them, the extant B,N-Dewar benzenes are limited to the B3N3 system. Herein, we report the development of the first example of an isolable B4N2 Dewar benzene, 3. As predicted by DFT calculations, a judicious selection of the substituents allows synthesizing 3. Single-crystal X-ray analysis, NMR, and computational studies confirmed that 3 possesses a high-lying B(sp3)-B(sp3) σ-bond at the bridgehead position. Reactions with ethylene and phenylacetylene proceeded smoothly under mild conditions, affording the fused B4C4N2 ring systems (4 and 5). Structural characterization as well as DFT calculations revealed that compounds 4 and 5 involve a rigid and conjugated (BN)4 tetraene scaffold. Formation of 4 and 5 demonstrates that 3 may serve as a building block for the construction of conjugated B,N-chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ota
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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26
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Bamford KL, Qu Z, Stephan DW. Reactions of B 2 (o-tolyl) 4 with Boranes: Assembly of the Pentaborane(9), HB[B(o-tolyl)(μ-H)] 4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8532-8536. [PMID: 33539608 PMCID: PMC8048642 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of the diborane(4) B2 (o-tolyl)4 and monohydridoboranes are shown to give B(o-tolyl)3 and (o-tolyl)BR2 (R2 =(C8 H14 ) 3, cat 4, pin 5, (C6 F5 )2 6) as the major products. The corresponding reaction with BH3 -sources gives complex mixtures, resulting from hydride/aryl exchange, dimerization and borane elimination. This led to the isolation of the first tetra-substituted pentaborane(9) HB[B(o-tolyl)(μ-H)]4 8. The reaction pathways are probed experimentally and by computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlee L. Bamford
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George St.TorontoOntarioM5S3H6Canada
| | - Zheng‐Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryInstitut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnBeringstrasse 453115BonnGermany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George St.TorontoOntarioM5S3H6Canada
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27
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Bamford KL, Qu Z, Stephan DW. Reactions of B
2
(
o
‐tolyl)
4
with Boranes: Assembly of the Pentaborane(9), HB[B(
o
‐tolyl)(μ‐H)]
4. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karlee L. Bamford
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Zheng‐Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
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28
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Trose M, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Stasch A. A Facile Synthesis of Robinson's NHC‐Stabilised Diborane(4). Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Trose
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UK
| | - David B. Cordes
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UK
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UK
| | - Andreas Stasch
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of St Andrews North Haugh KY16 9ST St Andrews UK
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29
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Budy H, Gilmer J, Trageser T, Wagner M. Anionic Organoboranes: Delicate Flowers Worth Caring for. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Budy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt Max‐von‐Laue‐Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Jannik Gilmer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt Max‐von‐Laue‐Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Timo Trageser
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt Max‐von‐Laue‐Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt Max‐von‐Laue‐Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
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30
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Kaiser Y, Grandjean A, Huch V, Zimmer M, Jung G, Scheschkewitz D. Luminescent Symmetrically and Unsymmetrically Substituted Diboranes(4). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Kaiser
- Krupp Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Alexander Grandjean
- Chair of Biophysical Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Gregor Jung
- Chair of Biophysical Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp Chair of General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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31
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Schön F, Greb L, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Desymmetrization of Dicationic Diboranes by Isomerization Catalyzed by a Nucleophile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9127-9133. [PMID: 32181953 PMCID: PMC7317786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202001640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cationic monoboranes exhibit a rich chemistry. By constrast, only a few cationic diboranes are known, that all are symmetrically substituted. In this work, the first unsymmetrically substituted dicationic diboranes, featuring sp2 -sp2 -hybridized boron atoms, are reported. The compounds are formed by intramolecular rearrangement from preceding isomeric symmetrically substituted dicationic diboranes, a process that is catalyzed by nucleophiles. From the temperature-dependence of the isomerization rate, activation parameters for this unprecedented rearrangement are derived. The difference in fluoride ion affinity between the two boron atoms and the bonding situation in these unique unsymmetrical dicationic diboranes are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schön
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches InstitutRuprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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32
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Huang Z, Wang S, Dewhurst RD, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M, Braunschweig H. Boron: Its Role in Energy-Related Processes and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8800-8816. [PMID: 31625661 PMCID: PMC7317435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron's unique position in the Periodic Table, that is, at the apex of the line separating metals and nonmetals, makes it highly versatile in chemical reactions and applications. Contemporary demand for renewable and clean energy as well as energy-efficient products has seen boron playing key roles in energy-related research, such as 1) activating and synthesizing energy-rich small molecules, 2) storing chemical and electrical energy, and 3) converting electrical energy into light. These applications are fundamentally associated with boron's unique characteristics, such as its electron-deficiency and the availability of an unoccupied p orbital, which allow the formation of a myriad of compounds with a wide range of chemical and physical properties. For example, boron's ability to achieve a full octet of electrons with four covalent bonds and a negative charge has led to the synthesis of a wide variety of borate anions of high chemical and electrochemical stability-in particular, weakly coordinating anions. This Review summarizes recent advances in the study of boron compounds for energy-related processes and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Huang
- School of Civil & Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology Sydney81 BroadwayUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of ChemistryQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Merck KGaA64293DarmstadtGermany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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33
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Schön F, Greb L, Kaifer E, Himmel H. Desymmetrization of Dicationic Diboranes by Isomerization Catalyzed by a Nucleophile. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202001640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schön
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Hans‐Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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34
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Huang Z, Wang S, Dewhurst RD, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M, Braunschweig H. Bor in energiebezogenen Prozessen und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Huang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney 81 Broadway Ultimo NSW 2007 Australien
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Kanada
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Merck KGaA 64293 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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35
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Saha K, Ghorai S, Kar S, Saha S, Halder R, Raghavendra B, Jemmis ED, Ghosh S. Stabilization of Classical [B
2
H
5
]
−
: Structure and Bonding of [(Cp*Ta)
2
(B
2
H
5
)(μ‐H)L
2
] (Cp*=η
5
‐C
5
Me
5
; L=SCH
2
S). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:17684-17689. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Saha
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Sagar Ghorai
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Sourav Kar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Suvam Saha
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Rajarshi Halder
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Beesam Raghavendra
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Eluvathingal D. Jemmis
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
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36
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Borthakur R, Saha K, Kar S, Ghosh S. Recent advances in transition metal diborane(6), diborane(4) and diborene(2) chemistry. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Saha K, Ghorai S, Kar S, Saha S, Halder R, Raghavendra B, Jemmis ED, Ghosh S. Stabilization of Classical [B
2
H
5
]
−
: Structure and Bonding of [(Cp*Ta)
2
(B
2
H
5
)(μ‐H)L
2
] (Cp*=η
5
‐C
5
Me
5
; L=SCH
2
S). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Saha
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Sagar Ghorai
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Sourav Kar
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Suvam Saha
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Rajarshi Halder
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Beesam Raghavendra
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
| | - Eluvathingal D. Jemmis
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry DepartmentIndian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
| | - Sundargopal Ghosh
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India
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38
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Vogler D, Wolf N, Kaifer E, Himmel HJ. Electron transfer in complexes of B II cations with organic π-acceptors: a combined experimental and quantum-chemical study. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14354-14366. [PMID: 31513209 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03151k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to their combined Lewis acidity and electron-donor capability, BII cations exhibit an interesting reactivity, which is almost unexplored so far. In this work, we compare the reduction in a dicationic diborane of a series of vicinal diones with different redox potentials, namely 3,5-di-tert-butylbenzoquinone, 3,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoquinone, 1,2-naphthalene-dione, 9,10-phenanthrene-dione, 2,2'-dichlorobenzil, benzil and 1,2-acenaphthylene-dione. The experimental work is complemented by quantum-chemical calculations, illuminating the electron-transfer step in the reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vogler
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nina Wolf
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Kaifer
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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39
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Teerasarunyanon R, Wilkins LC, Park G, Gabbaï FP. Synthesis, structure and anion binding properties of 1,8-bis(dimesitylboryl)anthracene and its monoborylated analog. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14777-14782. [PMID: 31552969 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03238j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two boranes, 1-(dimesitylboryl)anthracene (1) and 1,8-bis(dimesitylboryl)anthracene (2), have been synthesized with the spectrophysical properties showing how the inclusion of one or two boron atoms progressively perturbs the π-system of the anthracene backbone. This perturbation is caused by conjugation of the anthracene-π* orbital with the vacant p-orbital on boron. Additionally, both 1 and 2 have a high affinity for fluoride and cyanide anions which are complexed in a 1 : 1 guest-host ratio. The mono-borane 1 is particularly well-suited for cyanide binding, displaying a binding constant of 3 × 107 in THF. Furthermore, as a result of their unique electronic structures, these boranes display a fluorescence response to fluoride anion characterized by a blue shift in the case of 1 and a red shift in the case of 2.
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40
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Mu X, Axtell JC, Bernier NA, Kirlikovali KO, Jung D, Umanzor A, Qian K, Chen X, Bay KL, Kirollos M, Rheingold AL, Houk KN, Spokoyny AM. Sterically Unprotected Nucleophilic Boron Cluster Reagents. Chem 2019; 5:2461-2469. [PMID: 32292833 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A cornerstone of modern synthetic chemistry rests on the ability to manipulate the reactivity of a carbon center by rendering it either electrophilic or nucleophilic. However, accessing a similar reactivity spectrum with boron-based reagents has been significantly more challenging. While classical nucleophilic carbon-based reagents normally do not require steric protection, readily accessible, unprotected boron-based nucleophiles have not yet been realized. Herein, we demonstrate that the bench stable closo-hexaborate cluster anion can engage in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with a wide array of organic and main group electrophiles. The resulting molecules containing B‒C bonds can be further converted to tricoordinate boron species widely used in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan C Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicholas A Bernier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kent O Kirlikovali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dahee Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Umanzor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kevin Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katherine L Bay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Monica Kirollos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander M Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Lead Contact
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41
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Akiyama S, Yamada K, Yamashita M. Reactivity of a Tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) Dianion as a Diarylboryl Anion Equivalent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11806-11810. [PMID: 31264753 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lithium and magnesium salts of tetra(o-tolyl)diborane(4) dianion, having B=B double bond character, were synthesized. It was clarified that the lithium salt of the dianion has a high-lying HOMO and a narrow HOMO-LUMO gap, which were perturbed by dissociation of Li+ cation, as judged by UV/Vis spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The lithium salt of the dianion reacted as two equivalents of a diarylboryl anion with CH2 Cl2 or S8 to give boryl-substituted products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Akiyama
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kaito Yamada
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Aichi, Japan
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42
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Akiyama S, Yamada K, Yamashita M. Reactivity of a Tetra(
o
‐tolyl)diborane(4) Dianion as a Diarylboryl Anion Equivalent. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Akiyama
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
| | - Kaito Yamada
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
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43
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Bamford KL, Qu ZW, Stephan DW. Activation of H2 and Et3SiH by the Borinium Cation [Mes2B]+: Avenues to Cations [MesB(μ-H)2(μ-Mes)BMes]+ and [H2B(μ-H)(μ-Mes)B(μ-Mes)(μ-H)BH2]+. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6180-6184. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b02510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karlee L. Bamford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Zheng-Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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44
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Muessig JH, Thaler M, Dewhurst RD, Paprocki V, Seufert J, Mattock JD, Vargas A, Braunschweig H. Phosphanstabilisierte Diioddiborene: Isolierbare Diborene mit sechs labilen Bindungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas H. Muessig
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit BorJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Melanie Thaler
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit BorJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit BorJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Valerie Paprocki
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit BorJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Jens Seufert
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit BorJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - James D. Mattock
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex Brighton BN1 9QJ Sussex UK
| | - Alfredo Vargas
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Sussex Brighton BN1 9QJ Sussex UK
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institut für nachhaltige Chemie & Katalyse mit BorJulius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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45
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von Grotthuss E, Prey SE, Bolte M, Lerner HW, Wagner M. Dual Role of Doubly Reduced Arylboranes as Dihydrogen- and Hydride-Transfer Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6082-6091. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b01998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther von Grotthuss
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - Sven E. Prey
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - Michael Bolte
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - Hans-Wolfram Lerner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, Frankfurt am Main D-60438, Germany
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46
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Muessig JH, Thaler M, Dewhurst RD, Paprocki V, Seufert J, Mattock JD, Vargas A, Braunschweig H. Phosphine-Stabilized Diiododiborenes: Isolable Diborenes with Six Labile Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4405-4409. [PMID: 30719809 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The lability of B=B, B-P, and B-halide bonds is combined in the syntheses of the first diiododiborenes. In a series of reactivity tests, these diiododiborenes undergo cleavage of all six of their central bonds in different ways, leading to products of B=B hydrogenation and dihalogenation as well as halide exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas H Muessig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Thaler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rian D Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Valerie Paprocki
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jens Seufert
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - James D Mattock
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, Sussex, UK
| | - Alfredo Vargas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, Sussex, UK
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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Abstract
The study of main-group molecules that behave and react similarly to transition-metal (TM) complexes has attracted significant interest in recent decades. Most notably, the attractive idea of replacing the all-too-often rare and costly metals from catalysis has motivated efforts to develop main-group-element-mediated reactions. Main-group elements, however, lack the electronic flexibility of TM complexes that arises from combinations of empty and filled d orbitals and that seem ideally suited to bind and activate many substrates. In this review, we look at boron, an element that despite its nonmetal nature, low atomic weight, and relative redox staticity has achieved great milestones in terms of TM-like reactivity. We show how in interelement cooperative systems, diboron molecules, and hypovalent complexes the fifth element can acquire a truly metallomimetic character. As we discuss, this character is powerfully demonstrated by the reactivity of boron-based molecules with H2, CO, alkynes, alkenes and even with N2.
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Katsuma Y, Wu L, Lin Z, Akiyama S, Yamashita M. Reactivity of Highly Lewis-Acidic Diborane(4) toward C≡N and N=N Bonds: Uncatalyzed Addition and N=N Bond-Cleavage Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 58:317-321. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Katsuma
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku; 112-8551 Tokyo Japan
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Seiji Akiyama
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
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50
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Katsuma Y, Wu L, Lin Z, Akiyama S, Yamashita M. Reactivity of Highly Lewis-Acidic Diborane(4) toward C≡N and N=N Bonds: Uncatalyzed Addition and N=N Bond-Cleavage Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Katsuma
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Chuo University, Bunkyo-ku; 112-8551 Tokyo Japan
| | - Linlin Wu
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry; The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Hong Kong
| | - Seiji Akiyama
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya University; Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Aichi Japan
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