1
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Qu R, Wan S, Zhang X, Wang X, Xue L, Wang Q, Cheng GJ, Dai L, Lian Z. Mechanical-Force-Induced Non-spontaneous Dehalogenative Deuteration of Aromatic Iodides Enabled by Using Piezoelectric Materials as a Redox Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400645. [PMID: 38687047 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The development of green and efficient deuteration methods is of great significance for various fields such as organic synthesis, analytical chemistry, and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we have developed a dehalogenative deuteration strategy using piezoelectric materials as catalysts in a solid-phase system under ball-milling conditions. This non-spontaneous reaction is induced by mechanical force. D2O can serve as both a deuterium source and an electron donor in the transformation, eliminating the need for additional stoichiometric exogenous reductants. A series of (hetero)aryl iodides can be transformed into deuterated products with high deuterium incorporation. This method not only effectively overcomes existing synthetic challenges but can also be used for deuterium labelling of drug molecules and derivatives. Bioactivity experiments with deuterated drug molecule suggest that the D-ipriflavone enhances the inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation of BMDMs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Qu
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shan Wan
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Gui-Juan Cheng
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lian
- Department of Dermatology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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2
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Lee J, Lee S. Dehalogenative deuteration of alkyl and aryl bromides by thiyl radical catalysis under visible-light irradiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5526-5529. [PMID: 38695506 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00474d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a mild and practical method for the deuteration of alkyl and aryl bromides by a thiyl radical catalyst and halogen-atom transfer (XAT) using disulfides and silanes under visible-light irradiation. In this study, various organic bromides such as 1°, 2°, and 3°-alkyl bromides and aryl bromides were converted to deuterated products in good to excellent yields and D-incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiin Lee
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunggi Lee
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
- Center for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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3
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Chatgilialoglu C, Barata-Vallejo S, Gimisis T. Radical Reactions in Organic Synthesis: Exploring in-, on-, and with-Water Methods. Molecules 2024; 29:569. [PMID: 38338314 PMCID: PMC10856544 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Radical reactions in water or aqueous media are important for organic synthesis, realizing high-yielding processes under non-toxic and environmentally friendly conditions. This overview includes (i) a general introduction to organic chemistry in water and aqueous media, (ii) synthetic approaches in, on, and with water as well as in heterogeneous phases, (iii) reactions of carbon-centered radicals with water (or deuterium oxide) activated through coordination with various Lewis acids, (iv) photocatalysis in water and aqueous media, and (v) synthetic applications bioinspired by naturally occurring processes. A wide range of chemical processes and synthetic strategies under different experimental conditions have been reviewed that lead to important functional group translocation and transformation reactions, leading to the preparation of complex molecules. These results reveal how water as a solvent/medium/reagent in radical chemistry has matured over the last two decades, with further discoveries anticipated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Center of Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland
| | - Sebastian Barata-Vallejo
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 954, Buenos Aires CP 1113, Argentina
| | - Thanasis Gimisis
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
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4
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Mai-Linde Y, Linker T. Simple Synthesis of 1,2-Dideoxy-2-Vinyl Carbohydrates by Tin-Free Radical Reactions of Xanthates. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302118. [PMID: 37779098 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl-substituted carbohydrates have been synthesized from glycals derived from hexoses and pentoses. Key step is the radical reaction of xanthates in the presence of triethylborane, a non-toxic reagent. The mechanism has been investigated by isolation of various side products, which speak for a reversibility of the cyclopropylmethyl radical ring-opening. Compared to reactions with tributyltin hydride, higher regioselectivities in favor of the 2-vinyl-substituted sugars have been obtained. Yields are slightly lower with triethylborane, but all products have been isolated in analytically pure form. The new reaction is applicable to benzyl- and silyl-protected carbohydrates, which makes free sugars accessible as well. Overall, more than 15 1,2-dideoxy-2-vinyl carbohydrates have been synthesized from simple precursors in only few steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Mai-Linde
- Department of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476, Potsdam/Golm, Germany
| | - Torsten Linker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476, Potsdam/Golm, Germany
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5
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Meng X, Dong Y, Liu Q, Wang W. Organophotocatalytic α-deuteration of unprotected primary amines via H/D exchange with D 2O. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:296-299. [PMID: 38054348 PMCID: PMC10872390 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04634f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a straightforward H/D exchange method for the synthesis of α-deuterated primary amines from a diverse set of primary amines with high levels of deuteration and chemo- and site selectivity and preparative utility. This cost-effective strategy enables the direct conversion of primary amines to α-deuterated counterparts using D2O as the deuterium source under mild reaction conditions without requiring additional functionality manipulation and with minimal byproduct production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
| | - Yue Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
| | - Qiangqiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, USA
- University of Arizona Cancer Centre, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel Street, Tucson, AZ 85721-0207, USA
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6
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Wang Y, Dana S, Long H, Xu Y, Li Y, Kaplaneris N, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Late-Stage Functionalization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11269-11335. [PMID: 37751573 PMCID: PMC10571048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) constitutes a powerful strategy for the assembly or diversification of novel molecular entities with improved physicochemical or biological activities. LSF can thus greatly accelerate the development of medicinally relevant compounds, crop protecting agents, and functional materials. Electrochemical molecular synthesis has emerged as an environmentally friendly platform for the transformation of organic compounds. Over the past decade, electrochemical late-stage functionalization (eLSF) has gained major momentum, which is summarized herein up to February 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Xu
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Yanjun Li
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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7
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Li X, Huang C, Fan Y, Bai Z, An BL, Xu J, Zheng W, Bai YL. Boosting Solid-State Luminescence of Thiazolothiazole Viologen by Incorporating Metal Halide Clusters to Hinder π-Stacking. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46022-46030. [PMID: 37729492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy is developed herein to improve the solid fluorescence of thiazolothiazole viologen by using the ZnCl42- cluster as a scaffold to hinder π-stacking. Importantly, the Cl···H bonds are formed in the solid state to sustain the framework and can be automatically dissociated when dissolved in H2O, thus having no impact on the strong emission in aqueous solution. As such, the first case of organic-inorganic viologen-zinc halide named 4PV·ZnCl4 was designed and synthesized, and a significant increase in photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦF) is realized from 4PV·2Br (ΦF = 0%) to 4PV·ZnCl4 (ΦF = 27.0%) in solid and from 97% to 98% in H2O. 4PV·ZnCl4 also displays pH stimuli-responsive naked-eye chromic behavior and photoluminescence with different coloring states and intensities. The multifunctional performance of 4PV·ZnCl4 provides a prerequisite for carrying different information, expanding their promising application in multilevel information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyi Li
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chen Huang
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu Fan
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhiang Bai
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bao-Li An
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jiaqiang Xu
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Yue-Ling Bai
- NEST LAB, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Rd, Shanghai 200444, China
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8
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He BQ, Wu X. Deuterium- and Electron-Shuttling Catalysis for Deoxygenative Deuteration of Alcohols. Org Lett 2023; 25:6571-6576. [PMID: 37646435 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A practical and precise method for visible-light-promoted deoxygenative deuteration of common aliphatic alcohols using D2O as the deuterium source is reported. Upon intermediacy of xanthate anions, a variety of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols can be facilely transformed into deuterioalkanes with excellent D-incorporation at predicted sites. The deoxygenation and deuteration sequence is catalyzed by in situ formed deuterated 2-mercaptopyridine, which plays dual roles as a deuterium atom transfer catalyst and an electron shuttle as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Qing He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuesong Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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9
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Okamoto K, Higuma R, Muta K, Fukumoto K, Tsuchihashi Y, Ashikari Y, Nagaki A. External Flash Generation of Carbenoids Enables Monodeuteration of Dihalomethanes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301738. [PMID: 37300319 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, incorporation of one deuterium atom was achieved by H-D exchange of one of the two identical methylene protons in various dihalomethanes (halogen=Cl, Br, and I) through a rapid-mixing microflow reaction of lithium diisopropylamide as a strong base and deuterated methanol as a deuteration reagent. Generation of highly unstable carbenoid intermediate and suppression of its decomposition were successfully controlled under high flow-rate conditions. Monofunctionalization of diiodomethane afforded various building blocks composed of boryl, stannyl, and silyl groups. The monodeuterated diiodomethane, which served as a deuterated C1 source, was subsequently subjected to diverted functionalization methods to afford various products including biologically important molecules bearing isotope labelling at specific positions and homologation products with monodeuteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Higuma
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kensuke Muta
- Fundamental Chemical Research Center, Central Glass Co., Ltd., 17-5, Nakadai 2-chome, Kawagoe City, Saitama, 350-1159, Japan
| | - Keita Fukumoto
- Department of Synthetic and Biological Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuta Tsuchihashi
- Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp., 10 Okubo, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 300-2611, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ashikari
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
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10
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Zhang J, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Studer A. Photocatalytic phosphine-mediated water activation for radical hydrogenation. Nature 2023; 619:506-513. [PMID: 37380779 PMCID: PMC10356606 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06141-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The chemical activation of water would allow this earth-abundant resource to be transferred into value-added compounds, and is a topic of keen interest in energy research1,2. Here, we demonstrate water activation with a photocatalytic phosphine-mediated radical process under mild conditions. This reaction generates a metal-free PR3-H2O radical cation intermediate, in which both hydrogen atoms are used in the subsequent chemical transformation through sequential heterolytic (H+) and homolytic (H•) cleavage of the two O-H bonds. The PR3-OH radical intermediate provides an ideal platform that mimics the reactivity of a 'free' hydrogen atom, and which can be directly transferred to closed-shell π systems, such as activated alkenes, unactivated alkenes, naphthalenes and quinoline derivatives. The resulting H adduct C radicals are eventually reduced by a thiol co-catalyst, leading to overall transfer hydrogenation of the π system, with the two H atoms of water ending up in the product. The thermodynamic driving force is the strong P=O bond formed in the phosphine oxide by-product. Experimental mechanistic studies and density functional theory calculations support the hydrogen atom transfer of the PR3-OH intermediate as a key step in the radical hydrogenation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
- Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Münster, Germany.
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11
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Zou C, Ruan Y, Li H, Wan Q, Du F, Yuan J, Qin Q, Thompson GJ, Yang X, Li Y, Liu X, Zheng H. A new deuterium-labeled compound [2,3,4,6,6'- 2 H 5 ]-D-glucose for deuterium magnetic resonance metabolic imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4890. [PMID: 36477944 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Deuterium (2 H) magnetic resonance imaging is an emerging approach for noninvasively studying glucose metabolism in vivo, which is important for understanding pathogenesis and monitoring the progression of many diseases such as tumors, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the synthesis of 2 H-labeled glucose is costly because of the expensive raw substrates and the requirement for extreme reaction conditions, making the 2 H-labeled glucose rather expensive and unaffordable for clinic use. In this study, we present a new deuterated compound, [2,3,4,6,6'-2 H5 ]-D-glucose, with an approximate 10-fold reduction in production costs. The synthesis route uses cheaper raw substrate methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside, relies on mild reaction conditions (80°C), and has higher deuterium labeling efficiency. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and mass spectroscopy experiments confirmed the successful deuterium labeling in the compound. Animal studies demonstrated that the substrate could describe the glycolytic metabolism in a glioma rat model by quantifying the downstream metabolites through 2 H-MRS on an ultrahigh field system. Comparison of the glucose metabolism characteristics was carried out between [2,3,4,6,6'-2 H5 ]-D-glucose and commercial [6,6'-2 H2 ]-D-glucose in the animal studies. This cost-effective compound will help facilitate the clinical translation of deuterium magnetic resonance imaging, and enable this powerful metabolic imaging modality to be widely used in both preclinical and clinical research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zou
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Multimodality Imaging of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingheng Ruan
- Shenzhen Dingbang Bioscience Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanxi Li
- Shenzhen Dingbang Bioscience Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Du
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiawen Yuan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qikai Qin
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiaojun Yang
- Shenzhen Dingbang Bioscience Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ye Li
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Multimodality Imaging of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance and Multimodality Imaging of Guangdong Province, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Wood D, Lin S. Deuterodehalogenation Under Net Reductive or Redox-Neutral Conditions Enabled by Paired Electrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218858. [PMID: 36738472 PMCID: PMC10050105 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interest in deuterated active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is increasing as deuteration holds promise for kinetic isotope effect (KIE) regulated fine-tuning of API performance. Moreover, deuterium isotope labeling is frequently carried out to study organic and bioorganic reaction mechanisms and to facilitate complex target synthesis. As such, methods for highly selective deuteration of organic molecules are highly desirable. Herein, we present an electrochemical method for the selective deuterodehalogenation of benzylic halides via a radical-polar crossover mechanism, using inexpensive deuterium oxide (D2 O) as the deuterium source. We demonstrate broad functional group compatibility across a range of aryl and heteroaryl benzylic halides. Furthermore, we uncover a sequential paired electrolysis regime, which permits switching between net reductive and overall redox-neutral reactions of sulfur-containing substrates simply by changing the identity of the sacrificial reductant employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin Wood
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY-14853, USA
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY-14853, USA
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13
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Du HZ, Fan JZ, Wang ZZ, Strotman NA, Yang H, Guan BT. Cesium Amide-Catalyzed Selective Deuteration of Benzylic C-H Bonds with D 2 and Application for Tritiation of Pharmaceuticals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214461. [PMID: 36289047 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) represents one of the most attractive labeling methods to synthesize deuterium- and tritium-labeled compounds. Catalytic HIE methods that enable site-selective C-H bond activation and exchange labeling with gaseous isotopes D2 and T2 are of vital importance, in particular for high-specific-activity tritiation of pharmaceuticals. As part of our interest in exploring s-block metals for catalytic transformations, we found CsN(SiMe3 )2 to be an efficient catalyst for selective HIE of benzylic C-H bonds with D2 gas. The reaction proceeds through a kinetic deprotonative equilibrium that establishes an exchange pathway between C-H bonds and D2 gas. By virtue of multiple C-H bonds activation and high activity (isotope enrichment up to 99 %), the simple cesium amide catalyst provided a very powerful and practically convenient labeling protocol for synthesis of highly deuterated compounds and high-specific-activity tritiation of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zhen Du
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jun-Zhen Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhong-Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Neil A Strotman
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Process Research & Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
| | - Bing-Tao Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
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14
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Suzuki A, Kamei Y, Yamashita M, Seino Y, Yamaguchi Y, Yoshino T, Kojima M, Matsunaga S. Photocatalytic Deuterium Atom Transfer Deuteration of Electron-Deficient Alkenes with High Functional Group Tolerance. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214433. [PMID: 36394187 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Due to its mild reaction conditions and unique chemoselectivity, hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) hydrogenation represents an indispensable method for the synthesis of complex molecules. Its analog using deuterium, deuterium atom transfer (DAT) deuteration, is expected to enable access to complex deuterium-labeled compounds. However, DAT deuteration has been scarcely studied for synthetic purposes, and a method that possesses the favorable characteristics of HAT hydrogenations has remained elusive. Herein, we report a protocol for the photocatalytic DAT deuteration of electron-deficient alkenes. In contrast to the previous DAT deuteration, this method tolerates a variety of synthetically useful functional groups including haloarenes. The late-stage deuteration also allows access to deuterated amino acids as well as donepezil-d2 . Thus, this work demonstrates the potential of DAT chemistry to become the alternative method of choice for preparing deuterium-containing molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuji Kamei
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
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15
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Ramanathan D, Shi Q, Xu M, Chang R, Peñín B, Funes-Ardoiz I, Ye J. Catalytic asymmetric deuterosilylation of exocyclic olefins with mannose-derived thiols and deuterium oxide. Org Chem Front 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01979e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free, photoinduced asymmetric deuterosilylation of exocyclic olefins has been achieved using a mannose-derived thiol catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devenderan Ramanathan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qinglong Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meichen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Beatriz Peñín
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Juntao Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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16
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Ready and label. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:679-680. [PMID: 37117493 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00428-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Griffiths OM, Ley SV. Multicomponent Direct Assembly of N-Heterospirocycles Facilitated by Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13204-13223. [PMID: 36103403 PMCID: PMC9552240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
N-heterospirocycles are interesting
structural
units found in both natural products and medicinal compounds but have
relatively few reliable methods for their synthesis. Here, we enlist
the photocatalytic generation of N-centered radicals
to construct β-spirocyclic pyrrolidines from N-allylsulfonamides and alkenes. A variety of β-spirocyclic
pyrrolidines have been constructed, including drug derivatives, in
moderate to very good yields. Further derivatization of the products
has also been demonstrated as has a viable scale-up procedure, making
use of flow chemistry techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M. Griffiths
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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18
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Liu X, Shi F, Jin C, Liu B, Lei M, Tan J. Stereospecific synthesis of monofluoroalkenes and their deuterated analogues via Ag-catalyzed decarboxylation. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Deuterated chemicals are becoming irreplaceable in pharmaceutical engineering, material science and synthetic chemistry. Many excellent reviews have discussed acid/base-dependent or metal-catalyzed deuteration reactions, but radical deuterations have been discussed less. With the development of radical chemistry, there has been a rapid growth in radical deuterium-labelling technology. Diverse mild, cheap and efficient strategies for deuterium atom installation have been reported, and this review summarizes the recent achievements of radical deuteration classified by the reaction types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yantao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China. .,Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
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20
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Shi Q, Xu M, Chang R, Ramanathan D, Peñin B, Funes-Ardoiz I, Ye J. Visible-light mediated catalytic asymmetric radical deuteration at non-benzylic positions. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4453. [PMID: 35915119 PMCID: PMC9343372 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32238-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Site- and enantioselective incorporation of deuterium into organic compounds is of broad interest in organic synthesis, especially within the pharmaceutical industry. While catalytic approaches relying on two-electron reaction manifolds have allowed for stereoselective delivery of a formal deuteride (D–) or deuteron (D+) at benzylic positions, complementary strategies that make use of one-electron deuterium atom transfer and target non-benzylic positions remain elusive. Here we report a photochemical approach for asymmetric radical deuteration by utilizing readily available peptide- or sugar-derived thiols as the catalyst and inexpensive deuterium oxide as the deuterium source. This metal-free platform enables four types of deuterofunctionalization reactions of exocyclic olefins and allows deuteration at non-benzylic positions with high levels of enantioselectivity and deuterium incorporation. Computational studies reveal that attractive non-covalent interactions are responsible for stereocontrol. We anticipate that our findings will open up new avenues for asymmetric deuteration. Catalytic asymmetric deuterations rely largely on two-electron reaction manifolds and are mostly limited to benzylic positions. Here, a metal-free platform using peptide- or sugar-derived chiral thiols and deuterium oxide allows for asymmetric open-shell deuteration at non-benzylic positions under visible-light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Meichen Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rui Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Devenderan Ramanathan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Beatriz Peñin
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios 53, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Juntao Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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21
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Abstract
Coordination-induced bond weakening is a phenomenon wherein ligand X-H bond homolysis occurs in concert with the energetically favorable oxidation of a coordinating metal complex. The coupling of these two processes enables thermodynamically favorable proton-coupled electron transfer reductions to form weak bonds upon formal hydrogen atom transfer to substrates. Moreover, systems utilizing coordination-induced bond weakening have been shown to facilitate the dehydrogenation of feedstock molecules including water, ammonia, and primary alcohols under mild conditions. The formation of exceptionally weak substrate X-H bonds via small molecule homolysis is a powerful strategy in synthesis and has been shown to enable nitrogen fixation under mild conditions. Coordination-induced bond weakening has also been identified as an integral process in biophotosynthesis and has promising applications in renewable chemical fuel storage systems. This review presents a discussion of the advances made in the study of coordination-induced bond weakening to date. Because of the broad range of metal and ligand species implicated in coordination-induced bond weakening, each literature report is discussed individually and ordered by the identity of the low-valent metal. We then offer mechanistic insights into the basis of coordination-induced bond weakening and conclude with a discussion of opportunities for further research into the development and applications of coordination-induced bond weakening systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G Boekell
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Robert A Flowers
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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22
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Li N, Li J, Qin M, Li J, Han J, Zhu C, Li W, Xie J. Highly selective single and multiple deuteration of unactivated C(sp 3)-H bonds. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4224. [PMID: 35869077 PMCID: PMC9307835 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective deuteration of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds is a highly attractive but challenging subject of research in pharmaceutical chemistry, material science and synthetic chemistry. Reported herein is a practical, highly selective and economical efficient hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange of unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds by synergistic photocatalysis and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalysis. With the easily prepared PMP-substituted amides as nitrogen-centered radical precursors, a wide range of structurally diverse amides can undergo predictable radical H/D exchange smoothly with inexpensive D2O as the sole deuterium source, giving rise to the distal tertiary, secondary and primary C(sp3)-H bonds selectively deuterated products in yields of up to 99% and excellent D-incorporations. In addition to precise monodeuteration, this strategy can also achieve multideuteration of the substrates contain more than one remote C(sp3)-H bond, which opens a method to address multi-functionalization of distal unactivated C(sp3)-H bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mingzhe Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiajun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Weipeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources; College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830017, China.
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23
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Li P, Guo C, Wang S, Ma D, Feng T, Wang Y, Qiu Y. Facile and general electrochemical deuteration of unactivated alkyl halides. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3774. [PMID: 35773255 PMCID: PMC9247074 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31435-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a facile and general electroreductive deuteration of unactivated alkyl halides (X = Cl, Br, I) or pseudo-halides (X = OMs) using D2O as the economical deuterium source was reported. In addition to primary and secondary alkyl halides, sterically hindered tertiary chlorides also work very well, affording the target deuterodehalogenated products with excellent efficiency and deuterium incorporation. More than 60 examples are provided, including late-stage dehalogenative deuteration of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and their derivatives, all with excellent deuterium incorporation (up to 99% D), demonstrating the potential utility of the developed method in organic synthesis. Furthermore, the method does not require external catalysts and tolerates high current, showing possible use in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chengcheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dengke Ma
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Tian Feng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yanwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Youai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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24
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Liu B, Wang G, Xu Z, Wang M, Nie Y, Luo Z. Ionic liquid/boronic acid system enabled deuteration with D2O. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Liu F, Huang H, Sun L, Yan Z, Tan X, Li J, Luo X, Ding H, Xiao Q. P(v) intermediate-mediated E1cB elimination for the synthesis of glycals. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5588-5596. [PMID: 35694351 PMCID: PMC9116453 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01423h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycals are highly versatile and useful building blocks in the chemistry of carbohydrate and natural products. However, the practical synthesis of glycals remains a long-standing and mostly unsolved problem in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we present an unprecedented approach to make a variety of glycals using phosphonium hydrolysis-induced, P(v) intermediate-mediated E1cB elimination. The method provides a highly efficient, practical and scalable strategy for the synthesis of glycals with good generality and excellent yields. Furthermore, the strategy was successfully applied to late-stage modification of complex drug-like molecules. Additionally, the corresponding 1-deuterium-glycals were produced easily by simple tBuONa/D2O-hydrolysis–elimination. Mechanistic investigations indicated that the oxaphosphorane intermediate-mediated E1cB mechanism is responsible for the elimination reaction. A novel glucosylphosphonium-hydrolysis induced E1cB-elimination provides a highly efficient, practical and scalable method for the synthesis of glycals with good compatibility and excellent yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Haiyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Longgen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Zeen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Xinyue Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Haixin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
| | - Qiang Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University Nanchang 330013 Jiangxi Province China
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26
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Hu L, Li R, Deng W, Sun Z. Visible-light induced green synthesis of γ-deuterated carbonyl compounds. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Transition metal-free photocatalytic reductive deuteration of ketone derivatives. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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28
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Zhang ML, Zhang XL, Guo RL, Wang MY, Zhao BY, Yang JH, Jia Q, Wang YQ. Switchable, Reagent-Controlled C(sp 3)-H Selective Iodination and Acetoxylation of 8-Methylquinolines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:5730-5743. [PMID: 35471034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient Pd-catalyzed C(sp3)-H selective iodination of 8-methylquinolines is reported herein for the first time. Because of the versatility of organic iodides, the method offers a facile access to various C8-substituted quinolines. By slightly switching the reaction conditions, an efficient C(sp3)-H acetoxylation of 8-methylquinolines has also been enabled. Both approaches feature mild reaction conditions, good tolerance of functional groups, and a broad substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Long Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Li Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Bao-Yin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, Yinchuan 750021, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Foreign Languages, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
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29
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Wang X, Tong WY, Huang B, Cao S, Li Y, Jiao J, Huang H, Yi Q, Qu S, Wang X. Convergent Synthesis of 1,4-Dicarbonyl Z-Alkenes through Three-Component Coupling of Alkynes, α-Diazo Sulfonium Triflate, and Water. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4952-4965. [PMID: 35274949 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a general protocol for the convergent synthesis of 1,4-dicarbonyl Z-alkenes form alkynes using α-diazo sulfonium triflate and water. The C═O, C═C, and C-H bonds are formed under mild conditions with a wide range of functional groups tolerated. The reaction exhibits excellent Z-selectivity and complete regioselectivity. The resulting 1,4-dicarbonyl Z-alkenes can smoothly undergo follow-up conversion to a variety of heteroaromatic scaffolds. Moreover, the reaction also provides a facile access to the corresponding deuterated Z-alkenes and deuterated heteroarenes with a high level of deuterium incorporation (90-97% D-inc.) by directly using D2O, thus rendering the method highly valuable. The comprehensive mechanistic studies indicate that a free carbyne radical intermediate is formed via the photocatalytic single electron transfer process, and KH2PO4 plays a crucial role in significant improvements on yield and selectivity based on density-functional theory calculations, providing a new direction for radical coupling reactions of diazo compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yan Tong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Bing Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Si Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yunlong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jingchao Jiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qiu Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuanglin Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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30
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Kopf S, Bourriquen F, Li W, Neumann H, Junge K, Beller M. Recent Developments for the Deuterium and Tritium Labeling of Organic Molecules. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6634-6718. [PMID: 35179363 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organic compounds labeled with hydrogen isotopes play a crucial role in numerous areas, from materials science to medicinal chemistry. Indeed, while the replacement of hydrogen by deuterium gives rise to improved absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties in drugs and enables the preparation of internal standards for analytical mass spectrometry, the use of tritium-labeled compounds is a key technique all along drug discovery and development in the pharmaceutical industry. For these reasons, the interest in new methodologies for the isotopic enrichment of organic molecules and the extent of their applications are equally rising. In this regard, this Review intends to comprehensively discuss the new developments in this area over the last years (2017-2021). Notably, besides the fundamental hydrogen isotope exchange (HIE) reactions and the use of isotopically labeled analogues of common organic reagents, a plethora of reductive and dehalogenative deuteration techniques and other transformations with isotope incorporation are emerging and are now part of the labeling toolkit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kopf
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Wu Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Kathrin Junge
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V., 18059 Rostock, Germany
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31
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Xiao F, Tang M, Huang H, Deng GJ. Site-Selective Synthesis of Aryl Sulfides via Oxidative Aromatization of Cyclohexanones with Thiophenols. J Org Chem 2021; 87:512-523. [PMID: 34894678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We have introduced a metal-free facile access for the thiolation/aromatization of cyclohexanones with thiophenols to the corresponding aryl sulfides. The dehydroaromatic reaction of non-aromatic cyclohexanones proceeded smoothly using oxygen as a green oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Minli Tang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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32
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Juliá F, Constantin T, Leonori D. Applications of Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT) for the Generation of Carbon Radicals in Synthetic Photochemistry and Photocatalysis. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2292-2352. [PMID: 34882396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The halogen-atom transfer (XAT) is one of the most important and applied processes for the generation of carbon radicals in synthetic chemistry. In this review, we summarize and highlight the most important aspects associated with XAT and the impact it has had on photochemistry and photocatalysis. The organization of the material starts with the analysis of the most important mechanistic aspects and then follows a subdivision based on the nature of the reagents used in the halogen abstraction. This review aims to provide a general overview of the fundamental concepts and main agents involved in XAT processes with the objective of offering a tool to understand and facilitate the development of new synthetic radical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Juliá
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Timothée Constantin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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33
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Teng S, Meng L, Xu B, Tu G, Wu P, Liao Z, Tan Y, Guo J, Zeng J, Wan Q. Togni‐II
Reagent Mediated Selective Hydrotrifluoromethylation and Hydrothiolation of Alkenes
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Teng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Lingkui Meng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Bingbing Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Guangsheng Tu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Peng Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Zhiwen Liao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Yulin Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jian Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
| | - Qian Wan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation School of Pharmacy, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
- Institute of Brain Research Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan Hubei 430030 China
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34
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Wang T, Chen Y, Chen N, Xu J, Yang Z. Iridium-catalyzed highly stereoselective deoxygenation of tertiary cycloalkanols: stereoelectronic insights and synthetic applications. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9004-9011. [PMID: 34607335 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01690c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Excellent and unique diastereoselectivity is observed in the iridium-catalyzed deoxygenation of tertiary cyclohexanols and cyclopentanols. The substituent effect on the diastereoselectivity and detailed control models are analyzed case by case, using tertiary monocyclic and polycyclic cyclohexanols, bicyclic bridged cycloalkanols, and cyclopentanols as the model substrates. The selectivity is decided by the steric environment of the carbocation intermediates and is independent of the catalyst loading. Stereoelectronically, the iridium hydride approaches the carbocation in directions perpendicular to the carbocation plane. The sterically large iridium hydride delivers its hydride in the sterically least hindered direction to the carbocation. The deoxygenation has found important applications in the stereospecific arylations of sterically complex compounds. Our deoxygenation is stereochemically very different from the coupling reactions and can be used to specifically synthesize stereoisomers that are not available via cross-couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaxi Xu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Zhanhui Yang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
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35
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Li J, Li J, Ji X, He R, Liu Y, Chen Z, Huang Y, Liu Q, Li Y. Synthesis of Deuterated ( E)-Alkene through Xanthate-Mediated Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Reactions. Org Lett 2021; 23:7412-7417. [PMID: 34499519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein we have developed a reversible hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction of nonactivated olefins. By using EtOCS2K as a mediator, the H/D exchange reaction was realized through repeated addition and elimination reactions, demonstrating reversible H/D exchange between ordinary olefins and deuterated olefins. Using the lowest cost D2O without precious metal catalysts and ligands, a broad spectrum of compatibility of functional groups was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ji
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Runfa He
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Zebin Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China.,Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yibiao Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province 529090, China
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36
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Wang L, Xia Y, Derdau V, Studer A. Remote Site-Selective Radical C(sp 3 )-H Monodeuteration of Amides using D 2 O. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18645-18650. [PMID: 34114304 PMCID: PMC8456965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective incorporation of deuterium into biologically active compounds is of high interest in pharmaceutical industry. We present a mild and environmentally benign metal-free method for the remote selective radical C-H monodeuteration of aliphatic C-H bonds in various amides with inexpensive heavy water (D2 O) as the deuterium source. The method uses the easily installed N-allylsulfonyl moiety as an N-radical precursor that generates the remote C-radical via site-selective 1,5- or 1,6-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). Methyl thioglycolate, that readily exchanges its proton with D2 O, serves as the radical deuteration reagent and as a chain-carrier. The highly site-selective monodeuteration has been applied to different types of unactivated sp3 -C-H bonds and also to the deuteration of C-H bonds next to heteroatoms. The potential utility of this method is further demonstrated by the site-selective incorporation of deuterium into natural product derivatives and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Yong Xia
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Volker Derdau
- Sanofi (Germany)Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope ChemistryIndustriepark Höchst, G87665926FrankfurtGermany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstrasse 4048149MünsterGermany
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37
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Wang L, Xia Y, Derdau V, Studer A. Remote Site‐Selective Radical C(sp
3
)−H Monodeuteration of Amides using D
2
O. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Yong Xia
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Volker Derdau
- Sanofi (Germany) Integrated Drug Discovery, Isotope Chemistry Industriepark Höchst, G876 65926 Frankfurt Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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38
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Xu J, Fan J, Lou Y, Xu W, Wang Z, Li D, Zhou H, Lin X, Wu Q. Light-driven decarboxylative deuteration enabled by a divergently engineered photodecarboxylase. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3983. [PMID: 34172745 PMCID: PMC8233396 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24259-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the well-established chemical processes for C-D bond formation, the toolbox of enzymatic methodologies for deuterium incorporation has remained underdeveloped. Here we describe a photodecarboxylase from Chlorella variabilis NC64A (CvFAP)-catalyzed approach for the decarboxylative deuteration of various carboxylic acids by employing D2O as a cheap and readily available deuterium source. Divergent protein engineering of WT-CvFAP is implemented using Focused Rational Iterative Site-specific Mutagenesis (FRISM) as a strategy for expanding the substrate scope. Using specific mutants, several series of substrates including different chain length acids, racemic substrates as well as bulky cyclic acids are successfully converted into the deuterated products (>40 examples). In many cases WT-CvFAP fails completely. This approach also enables the enantiocomplementary kinetic resolution of racemic acids to afford chiral deuterated products, which can hardly be accomplished by existing methods. MD simulations explain the results of improved catalytic activity and stereoselectivity of WT CvFAP and mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Jiajie Fan
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yujiao Lou
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Institute of Aging Research, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Danyang Li
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Haonan Zhou
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xianfu Lin
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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40
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Organophotocatalytic selective deuterodehalogenation of aryl or alkyl chlorides. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2894. [PMID: 34001911 PMCID: PMC8129137 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23255-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of practical deuteration reactions is highly valuable for organic synthesis, analytic chemistry and pharmaceutic chemistry. Deuterodehalogenation of organic chlorides tends to be an attractive strategy but remains a challenging task. We here develop a photocatalytic system consisting of an aryl-amine photocatalyst and a disulfide co-catalyst in the presence of sodium formate as an electron and hydrogen donor. Accordingly, many aryl chlorides, alkyl chlorides, and other halides are converted to deuterated products at room temperature in air (>90 examples, up to 99% D-incorporation). The mechanistic studies reveal that the aryl amine serves as reducing photoredox catalyst to initiate cleavage of the C-Cl bond, at the same time as energy transfer catalyst to induce homolysis of the disulfide for consequent deuterium transfer process. This economic and environmentally-friendly method can be used for site-selective D-labeling of a number of bioactive molecules and direct H/D exchange of some drug molecules. Deuterodehalogenation of organic chlorides is a useful strategy to install deuterium atoms at specific positions, however, it has several drawbacks. In this study, the authors report an organophotocatalytic system consisting of an aryl-amine-based photocatalyst and a common disulfide co-catalyst, for efficient deuteration of a wide range of aryl chlorides, alkyl chlorides and other halides, at room temperature in air.
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41
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Ou W, Xiang X, Zou R, Xu Q, Loh KP, Su C. Room‐Temperature Palladium‐Catalyzed Deuterogenolysis of Carbon Oxygen Bonds towards Deuterated Pharmaceuticals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ou
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Xudong Xiang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Ru Zou
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Wenzhou University Wenzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Chenliang Su
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
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42
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A practical and efficient method for late-stage deuteration of terminal alkynes with silver salt as catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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43
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Peng W, Liu Q, Yin F, Shi C, Ji L, Qu L, Wang C, Luo H, Kong L, Wang X. Rhodium(iii) catalyzed olefination and deuteration of tetrahydrocarbazole. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8356-8361. [PMID: 35423333 PMCID: PMC8698316 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00236h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The rhodium-catalyzed olefination and deuteration of tetrahydrocarbazoles in water with the aid of an N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl-protected group is presented. This olefination method features a broad substrate scope, good functional-group tolerance, and high efficiency in water. Practical applications of the protocol are illustrated by the synthesis of various evodiamine derivatives. As such, this environmentally friendly approach to directly modify natural products will attract much attention in academic and industrial research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Qiaohong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Fucheng Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Cunjian Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Limei Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Lailiang Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Cheng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Heng Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University 24 Tong Jia Xiang Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China +86-25-83271405 +86-25-83271405
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Ou W, Xiang X, Zou R, Xu Q, Loh KP, Su C. Room-Temperature Palladium-Catalyzed Deuterogenolysis of Carbon Oxygen Bonds towards Deuterated Pharmaceuticals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6357-6361. [PMID: 33332703 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Site-specific incorporation of deuterium into drug molecules to study and improve their biological properties is crucial for drug discovery and development. Herein, we describe a palladium-catalyzed room-temperature deuterogenolysis of carbon-oxygen bonds in alcohols and ketones with D2 balloon for practical synthesis of deuterated pharmaceuticals and chemicals with benzyl-site (sp3 C-H) D-incorporation. The highlights of this deoxygenative deuteration strategy are mild conditions, broad scope, practicability and high chemoselectivity. To enable the direct use of D2 O, electrocatalytic D2 O-splitting is adapted to in situ supply D2 on demand. With this system, the precise incorporation of deuterium in the metabolic position (benzyl-site) of ibuprofen is demonstrated in a sustainable and practical way with D2 O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ou
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xudong Xiang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Ru Zou
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Qing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kian Ping Loh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Chenliang Su
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronic Science & Technology, Engineering Technology Research Center for 2D Materials Information Functional Devices and Systems of Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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Yousefi A, Sabounchei SJ, Hashemi A. New Pd‐phosphorus ylide complexes based on FC
60
as heterogeneous nano‐catalyst for H/D exchange reaction. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abed Yousefi
- Faculty of Chemistry Bu‐Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
| | | | - Ali Hashemi
- Faculty of Chemistry Bu‐Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran
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46
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McCourt RO, Scanlan EM. Atmospheric Oxygen Mediated Radical Hydrothiolation of Alkenes. Chemistry 2020; 26:15804-15810. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruairí O. McCourt
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
| | - Eoin M. Scanlan
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland
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47
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D. C. Tappin
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland)
| | - Philippe Renaud
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland)
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48
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Toussaint FC, Defrance T, Decouvreur S, Carly N, Merschaert A. Intensification of Free-Radical Racemization for a Non-activated Amine in a Continuous Flow Reactor. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The free-radical racemization of non-activated amines is a powerful tool for process design in the pharmaceutical industry, allowing the recycling of undesired enantiomers after chiral separation. This paper describes the development of the free-radical racemization of a key API intermediate in a continuous flow reactor. Upon development, a significant reduction of the solvent usage and radical initiator was made possible thanks to the conversion into a continuous flow mode. This intensification positively impacted both the environmental footprint and the safety of the reaction as well as maintaining satisfactory productivity.
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49
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Xu W, Zheng P, XU T. Dual Nickel- and Photoredox-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of Aryl Halides with Dichloromethane via a Radical Process. Org Lett 2020; 22:8643-8647. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
| | - Purui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao XU
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Liu C, Han S, Li M, Chong X, Zhang B. Electrocatalytic Deuteration of Halides with D 2 O as the Deuterium Source over a Copper Nanowire Arrays Cathode. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18527-18531. [PMID: 32662240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Precise deuterium incorporation with controllable deuterated sites is extremely desirable. Here, a facile and efficient electrocatalytic deuterodehalogenation of halides using D2 O as the deuteration reagent and copper nanowire arrays (Cu NWAs) electrochemically formed in situ as the cathode was demonstrated. A cross-coupling of carbon and deuterium free radicals might be involved for this ipso-selective deuteration. This method exhibited excellent chemoselectivity and high compatibility with the easily reducible functional groups (C=C, C≡C, C=O, C=N, C≡N). The C-H to C-D transformations were achieved with high yields and deuterium ratios through a one-pot halogenation-deuterodehalogenation process. Efficient deuteration of less-active bromide substrates, specific deuterium incorporation into top-selling pharmaceuticals, and oxidant-free paired anodic synthesis of high-value chemicals with low energy input highlighted the potential practicality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuibo Liu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuyan Han
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Mengyang Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaodan Chong
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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