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Bousselat A, Rouden J, Blanchet J. From Building Blocks to Catalysts: The Underinvestigated Potential of Boronic Acid Esters. J Org Chem 2024; 89:11009-11013. [PMID: 38995625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Lewis acids are crucial in chemistry, with applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science. In main-group chemistry, they offer alternatives to transition metals, prompting our study of halogenated boronic acid esters (BAEs). Although BAEs are well-known, their catalytic potential has been overlooked. Our investigation found their Lewis acidity superior to that of boron trifluoride and comparable to that of tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. Additionally, their catalysis of the Sakurai allylation of aldehydes has been documented, paving the way for future advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Bousselat
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN et CNRS, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jacques Rouden
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN et CNRS, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Blanchet
- LCMT, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN et CNRS, 6 bd du Maréchal Juin, 14050 Caen, France
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2
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Makino H, Nishikawa T, Ouchi M. Enzyme-Like Catalysis of Vinyl Copolymer Carrying Boron Directly Connected to Backbone: Catalytic Esterification through Cooperation of Boron with Neighboring Carboxylic Anhydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202410523. [PMID: 38880767 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202410523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Alternating-rich copolymer of vinylboronic acid pinacol ester (VBpin) and maleic anhydride (MAH) was found to catalyze direct dehydrative esterification of carboxylic acid and alcohol. The key to the catalytic function is the activation of the MAH unit by the neighboring Lewis acidic boron directly connected to the backbone through the formation of five-membered ring. The effects of the side-chain cooperation were clarified through comparisons with the polymers having similar structures and a conventional titanium catalyst as well as the analyses of reactions with carboxylic acid or alcohol. The catalytic activity was enhanced as the molecular weight was higher, which is owing to the structural feature that boron is directly attached to the backbone. The cooperative catalysis is of interest because of its conceptual similarity with enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Makino
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Makoto Ouchi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-Daigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
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3
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Verma S, Singh V, Jat JL, Tiwari B. Amidation of Enones via Beckmann Rearrangement. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38800985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The Beckmann reaction is one of the most atom-economical methods for the preparation of amides from ketones. Unlike ketones, the multiple competing reactivities of enones as well as the requirement of demanding reaction conditions for in situ generation of oximes have severely impacted the application of this reaction for the preparation of α,β-unsaturated amides. Herein, we describe the first chemoselective method for the direct conversion of enones to the corresponding α,β-unsaturated amides using N-Boc-O-tosylhydroxylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
| | - Jawahar L Jat
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University) Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhoopendra Tiwari
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226014, India
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4
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Zhou Y, Jones AM. A General Method to Access Underexplored Ylideneamino Sulfates as Interrupted Beckmann-Type Rearrangement Intermediates. Molecules 2024; 29:1667. [PMID: 38611947 PMCID: PMC11013155 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Beckmann rearrangement of ketoximes to their corresponding amides, using a Brønsted acid-mediated fragmentation and migration sequence, has found wide-spread industrial application. We postulated that the development of a methodology to access ylideneamino sulfates using tributylsulfoammonium betaine (TBSAB) would afford isolable Beckmann-type intermediates and competent partners for subsequent rearrangement cascades. The ylideneamino sulfates generated, isolated as their tributylammonium salts, are sufficiently activated to undergo Beckmann rearrangement without additional reagent activation. The generation of sulfuric acid in situ from the ylideneamino sulfate giving rise to a routine Beckmann rearrangement and additional amide bond cleavage to the corresponding aniline was detrimental to reaction success. The screening of bases revealed inexpensive sodium bicarbonate to be an effective additive to prevent classic Brønsted acid-mediated fragmentation and achieve optimal conversions of up to 99%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan M. Jones
- School of Pharmacy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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5
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Huo T, Zhao X, Cheng Z, Wei J, Zhu M, Dou X, Jiao N. Late-stage modification of bioactive compounds: Improving druggability through efficient molecular editing. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1030-1076. [PMID: 38487004 PMCID: PMC10935128 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Synthetic chemistry plays an indispensable role in drug discovery, contributing to hit compounds identification, lead compounds optimization, candidate drugs preparation, and so on. As Nobel Prize laureate James Black emphasized, "the most fruitful basis for the discovery of a new drug is to start with an old drug"1. Late-stage modification or functionalization of drugs, natural products and bioactive compounds have garnered significant interest due to its ability to introduce diverse elements into bioactive compounds promptly. Such modifications alter the chemical space and physiochemical properties of these compounds, ultimately influencing their potency and druggability. To enrich a toolbox of chemical modification methods for drug discovery, this review focuses on the incorporation of halogen, oxygen, and nitrogen-the ubiquitous elements in pharmacophore components of the marketed drugs-through late-stage modification in recent two decades, and discusses the state and challenges faced in these fields. We also emphasize that increasing cooperation between chemists and pharmacists may be conducive to the rapid discovery of new activities of the functionalized molecules. Ultimately, we hope this review would serve as a valuable resource, facilitating the application of late-stage modification in the construction of novel molecules and inspiring innovative concepts for designing and building new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zengrui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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6
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Hicks EF, Inoue K, Stoltz BM. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-Hunterine A Enabled by a Desymmetrization/Rearrangement Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4340-4345. [PMID: 38346145 PMCID: PMC10885145 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-hunterine A is disclosed. Our strategy employs a catalytic asymmetric desymmetrization of a symmetrical diketone and subsequent Beckmann rearrangement to construct a 5,6-α-aminoketone. A convergent 1,2-addition joins a vinyl dianion nucleophile and the enantioenriched ketone. The endgame of the synthesis features an aza-Cope/Mannich reaction and azide-olefin dipolar cycloaddition to complete the pentacyclic ring system. The synthesis is completed through a regioselective aziridine ring opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot F Hicks
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Kengo Inoue
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Brian M Stoltz
- The Warren and Katharine Schlinger Laboratory for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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7
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Abstract
Organoboron acids are stable, organic-soluble Lewis acids with potential application as catalysts for a wide variety of chemical reactions. In this review, we summarize the utility of boronic and borinic acids, as well as boric acid, as catalysts for organic transformations. Typically, the catalytic processes exploit the Lewis acidity of trivalent boron, enabling the reversible formation of a covalent bond with oxygen. Our focus is on recent developments in the catalysis of dehydration, carbonyl condensation, acylation, alkylation, and cycloaddition reactions. We conclude that organoboron acids have a highly favorable prospectus as the source of new catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Graham
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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8
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Seo EJ, Jung H, Jeong JE, Lee SH, Kim JC, Kim DY, Kim S, Lee KC, Park YI. Development of radical initiator based on o-imino-isourea capable of photo/thermal polymerization. RSC Adv 2023; 13:36364-36372. [PMID: 38099255 PMCID: PMC10719897 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07296g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Using o-imino isourea, three photo- and thermal dual-responsive radical initiators dicyheDCC, CyheDCC, and BnDCC were systematically developed and synthesized. By adding an aromatic ring to the free radical initiators, the ultraviolet-visible absorption was redshifted, and the absorption coefficient was increased. Compared with other initiators, BnphDCC exhibited an exceptional photoinitiation rate under photo-differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a high absorption coefficient (ε = 15 420 M-1 cm-1). Therefore, it is an appropriate potential photoinitiator. DicyheDCC, which was composed of a cyclic hydrocarbon, exhibited rapid thermal initiation (Tpeak = 82 °C) during thermal DSC, making it a valuable thermal radical initiator. Because of the low stiffness of the N-O link in radical initiators, density functional theory predicts that the aliphatic ring has a significantly lower enthalpy than the aromatic ring. Moreover, in this study, CyhephDCC and BnphDCC, as dual-responsive radical initiators, indicated the potential for a photo- and heat dual-curing system through the universal free-radical polymerization of acrylates. These significant discoveries may be useful for developing efficient and diversified polymer network systems that require synergistic photo- and thermal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jeong Seo
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry·Food Science Technology, Dong-Eui University 176 Eomgwangro Busan 47340 South Korea
| | - Hyocheol Jung
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Eun Jeong
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Lee
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chul Kim
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yeon Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Seungju Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry·Food Science Technology, Dong-Eui University 176 Eomgwangro Busan 47340 South Korea
| | - Kyu Cheol Lee
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Chemistry·Food Science Technology, Dong-Eui University 176 Eomgwangro Busan 47340 South Korea
| | - Young Il Park
- Research Center for Advanced Specialty Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Ulsan 44412 Republic of Korea
- Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology (UST) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea
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9
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Yang C, Zhou X, Shen L, Ke Z, Jiang H, Zeng W. Mn(I)-catalyzed sigmatropic rearrangement of β, γ-unsaturated alcohols. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1862. [PMID: 37012237 PMCID: PMC10070501 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sigmatropic rearrangement provides a versatile strategy to site-selectively reorganize carbon-skeleton with high atom- and step-economy. Herein, we disclose a Mn(I)-catalyzed sigmatropic rearrangement of β, γ-unsaturated alcohols via C-C σ bond activation. A variety of α-aryl-allylic alcohols and α-aryl-propargyl alcohols could undergo in-situ 1,2- or 1,3- sigmatropic rearrangements to allow for converting to complex structural arylethyl- and arylvinyl- carbonyl compounds under a simple catalytic system. More importantly, this catalysis model can be further applied to assemble macrocyclic ketones through bimolecular [2n + 4] coupling-cyclization and monomolecular [n + 1] ring-extension. The presented skeleton rearrangement would be a useful tool complementary to the traditional molecular rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510641, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PFCM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510641, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PFCM Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510641, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 510641, Guangzhou, China.
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10
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Hu X, Zhao X, Lv X, Wu YB, Bu Y, Lu G. Ab Initio Metadynamics Simulations of Hexafluoroisopropanol Solvent Effects: Synergistic Role of Solvent H-Bonding Networks and Solvent-Solute C-H/π Interactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203879. [PMID: 36575142 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The solvent effects in Friedel-Crafts cycloalkylation of epoxides and Cope rearrangement of aldimines were investigated by using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Explicit molecular treatments were applied for both reactants and solvents. The reaction mechanisms were elucidated via free energy calculations based on metadynamics simulations. The results reveal that both reactions proceed in a concerted fashion. Key solvent-substrate interactions are identified from the structures of transition states with explicit solvent molecules. The remarkable promotion effect of hexafluoroisopropanol solvent is ascribed to the synergistic effect of H-bonding networks and C-H/π interactions with substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xia Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiangying Lv
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Wu
- Key Lab for Materials of Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, and Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Gang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P. R. China
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11
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Oxygen transfer reaction of haloalkyl amides catalyzed by phenylboronic acid. Commun Chem 2023; 6:29. [PMID: 36765132 PMCID: PMC9918490 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00824-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrile derivatives are important building blocks in organic synthesis. Herein, we report the serendipitous discovery of an oxygen transfer reaction that produces hydroxyalkyl nitriles from the sequential dehydration and hydrolysis of haloalkyl amides. Product yields of up to 91% were achieved, and the phenylboronic acid was recovered as triphenylboroxine. The triphenylboroxine was reused as a catalyst without any loss of catalytic activity. A probable catalytic pathway was proposed based on control experiments and DFT calculations.
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12
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Huang M, Sun M, Zhang L, Yang X, Shi Y, Xing K, Deng H, Zhang Z, Liu D, Linxiang Zhao. Development of an Efficient New Route to PPARδ Agonist Fonadelpar: Formation of the C–C Bond by Claisen Condensation. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Manman Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lanxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xuebo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuntao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kun Xing
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongguang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhenwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Linxiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drugs Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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13
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Motiwala HF, Armaly AM, Cacioppo JG, Coombs TC, Koehn KRK, Norwood VM, Aubé J. HFIP in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:12544-12747. [PMID: 35848353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a polar, strongly hydrogen bond-donating solvent that has found numerous uses in organic synthesis due to its ability to stabilize ionic species, transfer protons, and engage in a range of other intermolecular interactions. The use of this solvent has exponentially increased in the past decade and has become a solvent of choice in some areas, such as C-H functionalization chemistry. In this review, following a brief history of HFIP in organic synthesis and an overview of its physical properties, literature examples of organic reactions using HFIP as a solvent or an additive are presented, emphasizing the effect of solvent of each reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim F Motiwala
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Ahlam M Armaly
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jackson G Cacioppo
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Thomas C Coombs
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403 United States
| | - Kimberly R K Koehn
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Verrill M Norwood
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
| | - Jeffrey Aubé
- Divison of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 United States
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14
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Identification of Potential Insect Growth Inhibitor against Aedes aegypti: A Bioinformatics Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158218. [PMID: 35897792 PMCID: PMC9332482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the main vector that transmits viral diseases such as dengue, hemorrhagic dengue, urban yellow fever, zika, and chikungunya. Worldwide, many cases of dengue have been reported in recent years, showing significant growth. The best way to manage diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti is to control the vector with insecticides, which have already been shown to be toxic to humans; moreover, insects have developed resistance. Thus, the development of new insecticides is considered an emergency. One way to achieve this goal is to apply computational methods based on ligands and target information. In this study, sixteen compounds with acceptable insecticidal activities, with 100% larvicidal activity at low concentrations (2.0 to 0.001 mg·L−1), were selected from the literature. These compounds were used to build up and validate pharmacophore models. Pharmacophore model 6 (AUC = 0.78; BEDROC = 0.6) was used to filter 4793 compounds from the subset of lead-like compounds from the ZINC database; 4142 compounds (dG < 0 kcal/mol) were then aligned to the active site of the juvenile hormone receptor Aedes aegypti (PDB: 5V13), 2240 compounds (LE < −0.40 kcal/mol) were prioritized for molecular docking from the construction of a chitin deacetylase model of Aedes aegypti by the homology modeling of the Bombyx mori species (PDB: 5ZNT), which aligned 1959 compounds (dG < 0 kcal/mol), and 20 compounds (LE < −0.4 kcal/mol) were predicted for pharmacokinetic and toxicological prediction in silico (Preadmet, SwissADMET, and eMolTox programs). Finally, the theoretical routes of compounds M01, M02, M03, M04, and M05 were proposed. Compounds M01−M05 were selected, showing significant differences in pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters in relation to positive controls and interaction with catalytic residues among key protein sites reported in the literature. For this reason, the molecules investigated here are dual inhibitors of the enzymes chitin synthase and juvenile hormonal protein from insects and humans, characterizing them as potential insecticides against the Aedes aegypti mosquito.
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15
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Du C, Wang Y, Deng J, Luo G. Organocatalyzed Beckmann Rearrangement of Cyclohexanone Oxime by Trifluoroacetic Anhydride in Microreactors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chencan Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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16
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Fessard TC, Gospodinov I, Klapötke TM, Stierstorfer J, Voggenreiter M. Energetic but insensitive
spiro
‐tetrahydrotetrazines based on oxetane‐3‐one. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan Gospodinov
- Spirochem AG, WRO‐1047‐3, Mattenstrasse 24 Basel Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Klapötke
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry Butenandtstr. 5‐13 München Germany
| | - Jörg Stierstorfer
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry Butenandtstr. 5‐13 München Germany
| | - Michael Voggenreiter
- Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Department of Chemistry Butenandtstr. 5‐13 München Germany
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17
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Dehydrative Beckmann rearrangement and the following cascade reactions. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Tian FX, Qu J. Studies on the Origin of the Stabilizing Effects of Fluorinated Alcohols and Weakly Coordinated Fluorine-Containing Anions on Cationic Reaction Intermediates. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1814-1829. [PMID: 35020378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many synthetic methods that use fluorinated alcohols as solvents have been reported, and the fluorinated alcohols have been found to be crucial to the success of these methods. In addition, there have been reports indicating that adding a weakly coordinated fluorine-containing anion, such as BF4-, PF6-, or SbF6-, to fluorinated alcohols can improve yields. The boosting effect of fluorinated alcohols is attributed mainly to hydrogen bond activation. A few studies have suggested that the very polar fluorinated alcohols can stabilize cationic reaction intermediates. However, how they do so and why weakly coordinated fluorine-containing anions improve yields have not been studied in depth. Here, we used quaternary ammonium cations, a quaternary phosphonium cation, and a triaryl-substituted carbocation as models for short-lived cationic intermediates and studied the possible interactions of these cations with fluorinated alcohols and BF4-, PF6-, or SbF6-. On the basis of the results, we propose that the C-F dipoles of fluorinated alcohols and the E-F dipoles (where E is B, P, or Sb) of weakly coordinated fluorine-containing anions stabilized these cations by intermolecular charge-dipole interactions. We deduced that in the same fashion the C-F and E-F dipoles can thermodynamically stabilize cationic reaction intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xian Tian
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jin Qu
- The State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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19
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Yang XT, Li TZ, Geng CA, Liu P, Chen JJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of (20 S,24 R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β,12β,25-triol derivatives as α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2022; 31:350-367. [PMID: 35035203 PMCID: PMC8749348 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The dammarane triterpenoid (20S,24R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β,12β,25-triol obtained from Cyclocarya paliurus in our previous study showed inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase in vitro with an inhibitory ratio of 32.2% at the concentration of 200 μM. In order to reveal the structure-activity relationships (SARs) and get more active compounds, 42 derivatives of (20S,24R)-epoxy-dammarane-3β,12β,25-triol were synthesized by chemical modification on the hydroxyls (C-3 and C-12), rings A and E, and assayed for their α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitory activities. Two compounds (8, 26) increased activity against α-glucosidase, and four compounds (8, 15, 26, 42) significantly inhibited PTP1B. It was noted that compounds 8 and 26 could inhibit both α-glucosidase and PTP1B as dual-target inhibitors with IC50 values of 489.8, 467.7 μM (α-glucosidase) and 319.7, 269.1 μM (PTP1B). Compound 26 was revealed to be a mix-type inhibitor on α-glucosidase and a noncompetitive-type inhibitor on PTP1B based on enzyme kinetic study. Furthermore, compound 42 could selectively inhibited PTP1B as a mix-type inhibitor with IC50 value of 134.9 μM, which was 2.5-fold higher than the positive control, suramin sodium (IC50 339.0 μM), but not inhibit α-glucosidase. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, 650201 Kunming, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Jat JL, Kumar P, Verma S, Chandra D, Singh V, Tiwari B. Metal-free synthesis of secondary amides using N-Boc- O-tosylhydroxylamine as nitrogen source via Beckmann rearrangement. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj02755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient methodology for the direct synthesis of secondary amides from ketones has been developed by using N-Boc-O-tosylhydroxylamine (TsONHBoc).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawahar L. Jat
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Saumya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Dinesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Bhoopendra Tiwari
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, India
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21
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Ghoreishi S, Moeinpour F. Microwave-Assisted Beckman Rearrangement by Cu(II)/Triazine-Based Dendrimer as an Efficacious Recoverable Nano-Catalyst Under Solvent-Free Conditions. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Ghoreishi
- Department of Chemistry, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar, Abbas, Iran
| | - Farid Moeinpour
- Department of Chemistry, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar, Abbas, Iran
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22
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Zhang X, Rovis T. Photocatalyzed Triplet Sensitization of Oximes Using Visible Light Provides a Route to Nonclassical Beckmann Rearrangement Products. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21211-21217. [PMID: 34905347 PMCID: PMC8862120 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oximes are valuable synthetic intermediates for the preparation of a variety of functional groups. To date, the stereoselective synthesis of oximes remains a major challenge, as most current synthetic methods either provide mixtures of E and Z isomers or furnish the thermodynamically preferred E isomer. Herein we report a mild and general method to achieve Z isomers of aryl oximes by photoisomerization of oximes via visible-light-mediated energy transfer (EnT) catalysis. Facile access to (Z)-oximes provides opportunities to achieve regio- and chemoselectivity complementary to those of widely used transformations employing oxime starting materials. We show an enhanced one-pot protocol for photocatalyzed oxime isomerization and subsequent Beckmann rearrangement that enables novel reactivity with alkyl groups migrating preferentially over aryl groups, reversing the regioselectivity of the traditional Beckmann reaction. Chemodivergent N- or O- cyclizations of alkenyl oximes are also demonstrated, leading to nitrones or cyclic oxime ethers, respectively.
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23
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Su B, Han Q, Li X, Hou Y, Wu J, Wang L, Ding L. Synthesis, isomerization, and DFT studies of five-membered heterocyclic ketoximes. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211032538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A homologous series of five-membered heterocyclic ketoximes is synthesized by condensation reactions of 2-acetylpyrrole, 2-acetylthiophene, and 2-acetylfuran with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. These compounds were fully characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, 1H NMR, IR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectra. Interesting isomerization phenomena are observed for these heterocyclic ketoximes by different characterization methods. By means of 1H NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction, it was found that 2-acetylpyrrole oxime (1) exists as the Z-type geometric isomer, 2-acetylfuran oxime (3) exists as the E-isomer, while 2-acetylthiophene oxime (2) is identified as a mixture of Z- and E-isomers. To study the above phenomena further, quantum chemical calculations of total energy, dipole moment, EHOMO, ELUMO, and other parameters of each heterocyclic ketoxime were carried out by Density functional theory (DFT). The theoretical calculations were in good accordance with the experimental spectroscopic results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyun Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoqiao Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoteng Li
- PetroChina Hohhot Petrochemical Company, Hohhot, P.R. China
| | - Yifan Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jindi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Liqin Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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24
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Zhao LX, Wang ZX, Peng JF, Zou YL, Hui YZ, Chen YZ, Gao S, Fu Y, Ye F. Design, synthesis, and herbicidal activity of novel phenoxypyridine derivatives containing natural product coumarin. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4785-4798. [PMID: 34161678 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.3.4) inhibitors have been widely studied as important agricultural herbicides. Our research focused on the design and synthesis of novel PPO inhibitor herbicides, through linking of a diphenylether pyridine bioisostere structure to substituted coumarins, which aims to enhance environmental and crop safety while retaining high efficacy. RESULTS A total of 21 compounds were synthesized via acylation reactions and all compounds were characterized using infrared, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectra. The respective configurations of compounds IV-6 and IV-12 were also confirmed using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The bioassay results showed that the title compounds displayed notable herbicidal activity, particularly compound IV-6 which displayed better herbicidal activity in greenhouse and field experiments, crop selectivity and safety for cotton and soybean compared with the commercial herbicide oxyfluorfen. CONCLUSION The work revealed that compound IV-6 deserves further attention as a candidate structure for a novel and safe herbicide. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian-Feng Peng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue-Li Zou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong-Zhuo Hui
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Gao
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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25
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Mašek T, Jahn U. Enolate-Based Regioselective Anti-Beckmann C-C Bond Cleavage of Ketones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11608-11632. [PMID: 34369794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The Baeyer-Villiger or Beckmann rearrangements are established methods for the cleavage of ketone derivatives under acidic conditions, proceeding for unsymmetrical precursors selectively at the more substituted site. However, the fragmentation regioselectivity cannot be switched and fragmentation at the less-substituted terminus is so far not possible. We report here that the reaction of ketone enolates with commercial alkyl nitrites provides a direct and regioselective way of fragmenting ketones into esters and oximes or ω-hydroxyimino esters, respectively. A comprehensive study of the scope of this reaction with respect to ketone classes and alkyl nitrites is presented. Control over the site of cleavage is gained through regioselective enolate formation by various bases. Oxidation of kinetic enolates of unsymmetrical ketones leads to the otherwise unavailable "anti-Beckmann" cleavage at the less-substituted side chain, while cleavage of thermodynamic enolates of the same ketones represents an alternative to the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation or the Beckmann rearrangement under basic conditions. The method is suited for the transformation of natural products and enables access to orthogonally reactive dicarbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Mašek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic
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26
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Mazumdar W, Driver TG. Recent Advances in the Development of Catalytic Methods that Construct Medium-ring Lactams, Partially Saturated Benzazepines and their Derivatives. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021; 53:1734-1748. [PMID: 34421133 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent catalytic methods to construct medium-sized lactams and partially saturated benzazepines and their derivatives are surveyed. The review is divided into the following sections: 1 Introduction 2 Non-Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions 2.1 Beckmann Rearrangement 2.2 Non-Beckmann Rearrangement Reactions 2.3 Multi-component reactions 3 Transition Metal-Catalyzed Reactions 3.1 Au-catalyzed reactions to access medium-sized N-heterocycles 3.2 Reactions involving a metal η3-complex catalytic intermediate 3.3 Transition metal-catalyzed reactions of strained cycloalkanes 4 Conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wrickban Mazumdar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, USA, 60607
| | - Tom G Driver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, USA, 60607
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27
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Virieux D, Delogu F, Porcheddu A, García F, Colacino E. Mechanochemical Rearrangements. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13885-13894. [PMID: 34259516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Molecular rearrangements are a powerful tool for constructing complex structures in an atom- and step-economic manner, translating multistep transformations into an intrinsically more sustainable process. Mechanochemical molecular rearrangements become an even more appealing eco-friendly synthetic approach, especially for preparing active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and natural products. Still in their infancy, rearrangements promoted by mechanochemistry represent a promising approach for chemists to merge molecular diversity and green chemistry perspectives toward more selective and efficient syntheses with a reduced environmental footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Virieux
- ICGM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier 34296, France
| | - Francesco Delogu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Porcheddu
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, 09028 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Felipe García
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, 21 Nanyang Link, 63737 Singapore
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28
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Bahreininejad MH, Moeinpour F. Green and efficient Beckmann rearrangement by Cu(
II
) contained nano‐silica triazine based dendrimer in water. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202000469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Farid Moeinpour
- Department of Chemistry, Bandar Abbas Branch Islamic Azad University Bandar Abbas Iran
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29
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Wu XX, Ye H, Li M, Qian J, Dai H, Shi Y. Selective synthesis of acylated caprolactam via sequential Michael addition/palladium-catalyzed alpha-arylation of ketones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01323d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A formal [6 + 1] annulation reaction provides an efficient route enabling rapid access to diverse caprolactams by the double C–C bond formation of the same site from methyl ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
- Nantong Key Lab of Intelligent and New Energy Materials
| | - Hao Ye
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
| | - Jianing Qian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
| | - Hong Dai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
| | - Yujun Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
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30
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Dev D, Kalita T, Mondal T, Mandal B. Ethyl 2‐Cyano‐2‐(2‐nitrobenzenesulfonyloxyimino) Acetate (
ortho
‐NosylOXY)‐Mediated Double Beckmann Rearrangement of Ketoximes under Microwave Irradiation: A Mechanistic Perception. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharm Dev
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Tapasi Kalita
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Tanmay Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
| | - Bhubaneswar Mandal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati Assam 781039 India
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31
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Rodriguez del Rey FO, Floreancig PE. Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles through Catalytic Dehydrative Cyclization Reactions. Org Lett 2020; 23:150-154. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul E. Floreancig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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32
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Talukdar R. Tracking down the brominated single electron oxidants in recent organic red-ox transformations: photolysis and photocatalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:8294-8345. [PMID: 33020775 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01652g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A wide range of organic and inorganic brominated compounds including molecular bromine have been extensively used as oxidants in many organic photo-redox transformations in recent years, an area of ever growing interest because of greener and milder approaches. The oxidation power of these compounds is utilized through both mechanistic pathways (by hydrogen atom transfer or HAT in the absence of a photocatalyst and a combination of single electron transfer or SET and/or HAT in the presence of a photocatalyst). Not only as terminal oxidants for regeneration of photocatalysts, but brominated reactants have also contributed to the oxidation of the reaction intermediate(s) to carry on the radical chain process in several reactions. Here in this review mainly the non-brominative oxidative product formations are discussed, carried out since the last two decades, skipping the instances where they acted as terminal oxidants only to regenerate photocatalysts. The reactions are used to generate natural products, pharmaceuticals and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranadeep Talukdar
- Molecular Synthesis and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow-226014, India.
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33
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Tang L, Wang ZL, He YH, Guan Z. An Electrochemical Beckmann Rearrangement: Traditional Reaction via Modern Radical Mechanism. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4929-4936. [PMID: 32710520 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis as a potential means of introducing heteroatoms into the carbon framework is rarely studied. Herein, the electrochemical Beckmann rearrangement, i. e. the direct electrolysis of ketoximes to amides, is presented for the first time. Using a constant current as the driving force, the reaction can be easily carried out under neutral conditions at room temperature. Based on a series of mechanistic studies, a novel radical Beckmann rearrangement mechanism is proposed. This electrochemical Beckmann rearrangement does not follow the trans-migration rule of the classical Beckmann rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Lv Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Hong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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34
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Gurjar J, Fokin VV. Sulfuryl Fluoride Mediated Synthesis of Amides and Amidines from Ketoximes via Beckmann Rearrangement. Chemistry 2020; 26:10402-10405. [PMID: 31997464 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A metal-free and redox-neutral method for Beckmann rearrangement employing inexpensive and readily available SO2 F2 gas is described. The reported transformation proceeds at ambient temperature and is compatible with a wide range of sterically and electronically diverse aromatic, heteroaromatic, aliphatic and lignin-like oximes providing amides in good to excellent yields. The reaction proceeds through the formation of an imidoyl fluoride intermediate that can also be used for the synthesis of amidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gurjar
- University of Southern California, The Bridge@USC and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-3502, USA
| | - Valery V Fokin
- University of Southern California, The Bridge@USC and Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-3502, USA
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35
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Tang L, Wang ZL, Wan HL, He YH, Guan Z. Visible-Light-Induced Beckmann Rearrangement by Organic Photoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:6182-6186. [PMID: 32790434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A facile and general strategy for efficient direct conversion of oximes to amides using an inexpensive organic photocatalyst and visible light is described. This radical Beckmann rearrangement can be performed under mild conditions. Various alkyl aryl ketoximes and diaryl ketoximes can be effectively converted into the corresponding amides in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi-Lv Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hai-Lan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan-Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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36
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Xie J, Li X, Kleij AW. Pd-catalyzed stereoselective tandem ring-opening amination/cyclization of vinyl γ-lactones: access to caprolactam diversity. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8839-8845. [PMID: 34123137 PMCID: PMC8163440 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A stereoselective amination/cyclization cascade process has been developed that allows for the preparation of a series of unsaturated and substituted caprolactam derivatives in good yields. This conceptually novel protocol takes advantage of the easy access and modular character of vinyl γ-lactones that can be prepared from simple precursors. Activation of the lactone substrate in the presence of a suitable Pd precursor and newly developed phosphoramidite ligand offers a stereocontrolled ring-opening/allylic amination manifold under ambient conditions. The intermediate (E)-configured ε-amino acid can be cyclized using a suitable dehydrating agent in an efficient one-pot, two-step sequence. This overall highly chemo-, stereo- and regio-selective transformation streamlines the production of a wide variety of modifiable and valuable caprolactam building blocks in an operationally attractive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Xie
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007-Tarragona Spain
| | - Xuetong Li
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007-Tarragona Spain
| | - Arjan W Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007-Tarragona Spain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA) Pg. Lluís Companys 23 08010 Barcelona Spain
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37
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Chauhan A, Patel RK, Grellier M, Kumar R. Hydrogen-Bond-Guided Reaction of Cyclohexadienone-aldehydes with Amines: Synthesis of an Aminal Group Containing a Fused Tetracyclic Framework. Org Lett 2020; 22:6177-6181. [PMID: 32790433 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A modular approach has been developed for an efficient synthesis of an aminal group containing a new tetracyclic framework. The strategy has been devised based on selective hydrogen-bond-guided aza-Michael addition of heteroaromatic amines to cyclohexadienone-aldehydes. The reaction is highly atom economic and practical and involves stereoselective construction of four new C-N bonds and four rings. The synthetic utility of the tetracyclic product was explored. The role of a H-bond was explained with the help of experimental and density functional theory (DFT) computation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Chauhan
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 UP, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Raj Kumar Patel
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 UP, India
| | - Mary Grellier
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, Toulouse F-31077 Cedex 4, France
| | - Ravindra Kumar
- Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226031 UP, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110025, India
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38
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Zhang S, Lebœuf D, Moran J. Brønsted Acid and H‐Bond Activation in Boronic Acid Catalysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:9883-9888. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofei Zhang
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - David Lebœuf
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Joseph Moran
- University of Strasbourg CNRS ISIS UMR 7006 67000 Strasbourg France
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39
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Jat JL, Verma S, Kumar P, Khatana AK, Chandra D, Yadav AK, Tiwari B. Zinc(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of Secondary Amides from Ketones via Beckmann Rearrangement Using Hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic Acid in Aqueous Media. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1707809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A zinc(II)-catalyzed single-step protocol for the Beckmann rearrangement using hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOSA) as the nitrogen source in water was developed. This direct method efficiently produces secondary amides under open atmosphere in a pure form after basic aqueous workup. It is environmentally benign and operationally simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawahar L. Jat
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)
| | - Saumya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)
| | - Anil K. Khatana
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus
| | - Dinesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)
| | - Ajay K. Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University)
| | - Bhoopendra Tiwari
- Division of Molecular Synthesis & Drug Discovery, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS-Campus
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40
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Yang XT, Geng CA, Li TZ, Deng ZT, Chen JJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of chepraecoxin A derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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41
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Chandra D, Verma S, Pandey CB, Yadav AK, Kumar P, Tiwari B, Jat JL. Direct synthesis of secondary amides from ketones through Beckmann rearrangement using O-(mesitylsulfonyl)hydroxylamine. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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42
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Xu J, Gao Y, Li Z, Liu J, Guo T, Zhang L, Wang H, Zhang Z, Guo K. Chlorotropylium Promoted Conversions of Oximes to Amides and Nitriles. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201901537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Tianfo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Haixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhihao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering; Nanjing Tech University; 30 Puzhu Road South 211816 Nanjing China
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43
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Pozhydaiev V, Power M, Gandon V, Moran J, Lebœuf D. Exploiting hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) in Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11548-11564. [PMID: 32930690 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05194b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) is a solvent with unique properties that has recently gained attention for promoting a wide range of challenging chemical reactions. It was initially believed that HFIP was almost exclusively involved in the stabilization of cationic intermediates, owing to its high polarity and low nucleophilicity. However, in many cases, the mechanism of action of HFIP appears to be more complex. Recent findings reveal that many Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed transformations conducted in HFIP additionally involve cooperation between the catalyst and HFIP hydrogen-bond clusters, akin to Lewis- or Brønsted acid-assisted-Brønsted acid catalysis. This feature article showcases the remarkable versatility of HFIP in Lewis and Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions, with an emphasis on examples yielding mechanistic insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentyn Pozhydaiev
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Martin Power
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Vincent Gandon
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), CNRS UMR 8182, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Joseph Moran
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - David Lebœuf
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires (ISIS), CNRS UMR 7006, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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44
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Abstract
The Beckmann rearrangement is an elegant transformation and has been used to great success in the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals. In this review, the role of different catalysts as well as different medium for Beckmann rearrangement has been discussed over the last 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamalpreet Kaur
- Department of Applied Sciences
- National Institute of Technology
- Narela
- India
| | - Suman Srivastava
- Department of Applied Sciences
- National Institute of Technology
- Narela
- India
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45
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Al-Zoubi RM, Al-Jammal WK, McDonald R. Regioselective synthesis of ortho-iodobiphenylboronic acid derivatives: a superior catalyst for carboxylic acid activation. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05708k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and versatile synthesis of ortho-iodobiphenylboronic acids with remarkable catalytic and microbial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed M. Al-Zoubi
- Department of Chemistry
- Jordan University of Science and Technology
- Irbid
- Jordan
| | - Walid K. Al-Jammal
- Department of Chemistry
- Jordan University of Science and Technology
- Irbid
- Jordan
| | - Robert McDonald
- Department of Chemistry
- Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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46
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Liu J, Zhang C, Zhang Z, Wen X, Dou X, Wei J, Qiu X, Song S, Jiao N. Nitromethane as a nitrogen donor in Schmidt-type formation of amides and nitriles. Science 2019; 367:281-285. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Schmidt reaction has been an efficient and widely used synthetic approach to amides and nitriles since its discovery in 1923. However, its application often entails the use of volatile, potentially explosive, and highly toxic azide reagents. Here, we report a sequence whereby triflic anhydride and formic and acetic acids activate the bulk chemical nitromethane to serve as a nitrogen donor in place of azides in Schmidt-like reactions. This protocol further expands the substrate scope to alkynes and simple alkyl benzenes for the preparation of amides and nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ziyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaojin Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaodong Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jialiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Song Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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47
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Munnuri S, Verma S, Chandra D, Anugu RR, Falck JR, Jat JL. Cu(OTf) 2-catalyzed Beckmann Rearrangement of Ketones Using Hydroxylamine -O-sulfonic Acid (HOSA). SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2019; 51:3709-3714. [PMID: 32684655 PMCID: PMC7367085 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1690005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Beckmann Rearrangement (BKR) of ketones to secondary amides often requires harsh reaction conditions that limit its practicality and scope. Herein, we describe the Cu(OTf)2-catalyzed BKR of ketones under mild reaction conditions using hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOSA), a commercial water soluble aminating agent. This method is compatible with most functional groups and directly provides the desired amides in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailu Munnuri
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Saumya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Dinesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Raghunath Reddy Anugu
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John R. Falck
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jawahar L. Jat
- Department of Chemistry, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
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48
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Ghadamyari Z, Khojastehnezhad A, Seyedi SM, Shiri A. Co(II)‐Porphyrin Immobilized on Graphene Oxide: An Efficient Catalyst for the Beckmann Rearrangement. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Ghadamyari
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad Iran
| | - Amir Khojastehnezhad
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Seyedi
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Shiri
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad Iran
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49
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Pham TT, Lindsay AC, Kim S, Persello L, Chen X, Yan N, Sperry J. Two‐Step Preparation of Diverse 3‐Amidofurans from Chitin. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Trang Pham
- Centre for Green Chemical ScienceUniversity of Auckland 23 Symonds Street Auckland New Zealand
| | - Ashley C. Lindsay
- Centre for Green Chemical ScienceUniversity of Auckland 23 Symonds Street Auckland New Zealand
| | - Shi‐Wei Kim
- Centre for Green Chemical ScienceUniversity of Auckland 23 Symonds Street Auckland New Zealand
| | - Laly Persello
- Centre for Green Chemical ScienceUniversity of Auckland 23 Symonds Street Auckland New Zealand
- SIGMA Clermont, 27 Rue Roche Genès 63170 Aubière France
| | - Xi Chen
- China-UK Low Carbon CollegeShanghai Jiao Tong University 3 Yinlian Road 201306 Shanghai China
| | - Ning Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4 117585 Singapore
| | - Jonathan Sperry
- Centre for Green Chemical ScienceUniversity of Auckland 23 Symonds Street Auckland New Zealand
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50
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Chen C, Cui S. Iterative Assembly of Nitrile Oxides and Ynamides: Synthesis of Isoxazoles and Pyrroles. J Org Chem 2019; 84:12157-12164. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Chen
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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