1
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Li B, Lin S, Gu FL. Intramolecular boron-locking strategy induced remarkable first hyperpolarizability: role of torsion angles between donor and acceptor units. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11731-11737. [PMID: 38563632 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06276g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In conventional strategies to design donor-acceptor (D-A) organic molecules with a large electronic contribution to the first hyperpolarizability (β), the effects of the torsion angles (θ1 and θ2) between donor and acceptor moieties are barely considered. To address this issue, in this work, a promising and novel intramolecular boron-locking strategy combined with the different locking groups of different acceptors to control θ1 and θ2, has been proposed to make D-A organic molecules with large β values. Intriguingly, reducing the torsion angles will make the β value of the pyridiny thiophene triphenylamine unit (Py-Th-TPA) dramatically increase up to 94%, which is mainly ascribed to the smaller θ1 and θ2 leading to lower excited energy of the crucial excited state, and enhanced charge transfer (CT) from TPA to Py-Th moieties, and finally greatly increase the donor and acceptor part contributions to β. Correlation between the difference, |θ1 - θ2| and β, provides a large coefficient of determination, R2 = 0.78, which demonstrates that |θ1 - θ2| can be regarded as a potential descriptor for designing nonlinear optics (NLO) materials with D-A architecture. Clearly, we uncovered that θ1 and θ2 play a crucial role in the performance of NLO materials with D-A fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Shichen Lin
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Park, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
| | - Feng Long Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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2
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Liu N, Chen H, Su J, Weng Y, Vittal JJ, Huang SL, Jiang J. Porphyrin-Sensitizers and Anthracene-Annihilators Built in Isostructural Frameworks for Investigating Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4691-4696. [PMID: 38394615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this study, four isostructural pillar-layered frameworks were constructed using a porphyrin layer and an anthracene pillar, which served as the sensitizer and annihilator, respectively, in the triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) system. Framework 1 demonstrated the highest upconversion quantum yield of 1.01%. Additionally, 1 and 2 also exhibited down-conversion fluorescence resulting from the porphyrin component. A twist intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) state was observed in the bianthracene chromophore of 2, resulting in transient rotation of two anthracene rings and red-shifted emission. Both computational studies and experiments confirmed the transition from a locally excited state to a TICT state upon the inclusion of polar guest molecules into the framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naifang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Su
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuxiang Weng
- The Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jagadese J Vittal
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3, Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore
| | - Sheng-Li Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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3
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Sun L, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Qiu Y. A theoretical study on the second-order nonlinear optical properties of Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes: substituent and redox effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:6862-6871. [PMID: 38329283 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Density functional theory studies on the geometric and electronic structures, UV-vis absorption spectra, and second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of four-coordinate Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes, cis-[Pt(CNtBu)(ADC)(CCR)2] , have been employed. The effects of ligand variation and the single electron redox process on the structures and NLO response of complexes have also been investigated. It shows that the variations of the ligand and electron have little effect on the geometries of the complexes, but there is a significant effect on their electronic structures and NLO responses. The introduction of a single -NO2 group in acetylide ligands increases the first hyperpolarizability of complex 12 times, while one electron lost in five complexes enhances the first hyperpolarizability 496 times at the most. Both methods are considered effective ways for improving the NLO response of Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes. Based on the analysis of the electronic and optical properties of fifteen studied complexes, the increase of NLO response is mainly ascribed to strong oscillator strengths, lower electron transition energy, and well-directed effective charge transfer. This work reveals some underlying relationships between the NLO responses and electronic structures of complexes, which is helpful for the design and synthesis of high-performance NLO materials of Pt(II) bis-acetylide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Sun
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yingying Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Yongqing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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4
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Li B, Xiao T, Gu FL, Jiang J, Jia C. Torsion Angles between Donor and Acceptor Moieties as a Descriptor for Designing Nonlinear Optics and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7274-7283. [PMID: 37607398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The performances of nonlinear optics (NLO) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials are strongly related to the torsion angles (θ) between donor (D) and acceptor (A) moieties in D-A architecture molecules. However, the underlying relationships connecting θ to the performances of NLO/TADF materials remain unclear. Herein, we present a comprehensive theoretical study on NLO/TADF materials composed of a series of D-A backbone molecules (TPAAP/TPAAQ series and AQ-DMAC/AQ-MeFAC series) to shed light on these relationships. It is found that changing θ via the intramolecular locking strategy can greatly influence values of the first hyperpolarizability (β) and singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST), further leading to better/worse performances of NLO/TADF materials, respectively. Intriguingly, a more detailed analysis indicates that the variation trends between θ and β/ΔEST are changeable in low θ regions, exhibiting volcano-like relationships. The large coefficients of determination (R2, ranging from 0.76 to 0.93) suggest that this experimentally measurable parameter (θ) can be used as a promising descriptor to evaluate the performances of related materials. Following the revealed θ-β/θ-ΔEST correlations, the optimal/worst torsion angles for different materials are identified. These findings highlight the importance of the intrinsic structure-performance relationships, thus providing novel design strategies for high-performance NLO/TADF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Tiejun Xiao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
| | - Feng Long Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chuanyi Jia
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China
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5
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Nogueira MAM, Reyna AS, Souza HDS, Lira BF, de Athayde-Filho PF, de Araújo CB. Nonlinear Refraction, Excited State Absorption, and Multiphoton Absorption of 1,3-Thiazolium-5-thiolate Mesoionic Compound. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:7018-7026. [PMID: 37498736 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c03849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
We synthesized the mesoionic compound 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-thiolate and measured its refractive and absorptive nonlinear optical response in different temporal and spectral regimes. The experiments were performed by using the Z-scan technique with two pulsed light sources: the second harmonic (at 532 nm) of a mode-locked and Q-switched Nd-YAG laser (100 ps, 10 Hz) and a Ti: Sapphire laser system (100 fs, 1 kHz) operating at 800 nm. The observation and characterization of nonlinear refraction, two- and three-photon absorption, and excited state absorption of the mesoionic compound dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, in different concentrations, are presented and discussed with basis on the population redistribution in a three-energy-level model that allows the determination of the parameters which characterize the nonlinear response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell A M Nogueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901 Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Albert S Reyna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, 54518-430 Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Helivaldo D S Souza
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-970 Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Bruno F Lira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-970 Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Cid B de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Materiais, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901 Pernambuco, Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 50670-901 Pernambuco, Brazil
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6
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Li B, Xiao T, Shen H, Deng M, Gu FL. An intramolecular-locked strategy for designing nonlinear optical materials with remarkable first hyperpolarizability. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21800-21805. [PMID: 36056682 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02850f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To meet the expanding demands of high performance nonlinear optical (NLO) materials, an unprecedented intramolecular-locked strategy is proposed to design NLO materials with remarkable static first hyperpolarizability (β0). This strategy means that importing a large steric hindrance group diphenylmethane (DPM) decreases the torsion angles (θ) between the donor {triphenylamine (TPA)} and acceptor {9-H-thioxanthen-9-one-10,10-dioxide (TXO)} units, as well as between the donor (TPA) and π-bridge (benzene) fragments. The decrease of θ can accelerate the intramolecular charge transfer and enhance the contributions of the TPA, TXO and quinoxaline-6,7-dicarbo-nitrile (QCN) fragments to the axial component of the β0 value, and then the β0 values of TPA-TXO (β0 = 10 762 au) and TPA-QCN (β0 = 22 495 au) are increased by 14.9% and 34.4%, respectively. Overall, the intramolecular-locked strategy is very effective for designing high performance NLO materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China.
| | - Tiejun Xiao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China.
| | - Hujun Shen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China.
| | - Mingsen Deng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Long Gu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China. .,SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety, School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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7
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Chen J, Yang Z, Zhu G, Fu E, Li P, Chen F, Yu C, Wang S, Zhang S. Heterochiral Diastereomer-Discriminative Diphanes That Form Hierarchical Superstructures with Nonlinear Optical Properties. JACS AU 2022; 2:1661-1668. [PMID: 35911451 PMCID: PMC9327085 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the emergence of homochirality during complex molecular systems, most works mainly concentrated on the resolution of a pair of enantiomers. However, the preference of homochiral over heterochiral isomers has been overlooked, with very limited examples focusing only on noncovalent interactions. We herein report on diastereomeric discrimination of twin-cavity cages (denoted as diphanes) against heterochiral tris-(2-aminopropyl)amine (TRPN) bearing triple stereocenters. This diastereomeric selectivity results from distinct spatial orientation of reactive secondary amines on TRPN. Homochiral TRPNs with all reactive moieties rotating in the same way facilitate the formation of homochiral and achiral meso diphanes with low strain energy, while heterochiral TRPNs with uneven orientation of secondary amines preclude the formation of cage-like entity, since the virtual diphanes exhibit considerably high strain. Moreover, homochiral diphanes self-assemble into an acentric superstructure composed of single-handed helices, which exhibits interesting nonlinear optical behavior. Such a property is a unique occurrence for organic cages, which thus showcases their potential to spawn novel materials with interesting properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolong Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Gucheng Zhu
- Key
Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry
of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,
School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Enguang Fu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Pan Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fangyi Chen
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shiyong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry
of Education), Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,
School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shaodong Zhang
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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8
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Controlling the photoswitching of 2-(4′-diethylamino-2′-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-imidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine by pH. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Biaggio I. The appeal of small molecules for practical nonlinear optics. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103168. [PMID: 34727380 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Small organic molecules with a π-conjugated system that consists of only a few double or triple bonds can have significantly smaller optical excitation energies when equipped with donor- and acceptor groups, which raises the quantum limits to the molecular polarizabilities. As a consequence, third-order nonlinear optical polarizabilities become orders of magnitude larger than those of molecules of similar size without donor-acceptor substitution. This enables strong third-order nonlinear optical effects (as high as 1000 times those of silica glass) in dense, amorphous monolithic assemblies. These properties, accompanied by the possibility of deposition from the vapor phase and of electric-field poling at higher temperatures, make the resulting materials competitive towards adding an active nonlinear optical or electro-optic functionality to state-of-the-art integrated photonics platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Biaggio
- Lehigh University, Department of Physics, 16 Memorial Drive East, PA 18015, Bethlehem, UNITED STATES
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10
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Zhang D, Zou J, Wang W, Yu Q, Deng G, Wu J, Li ZA, Luo J. Systematic study of the structure-property relationship of a series of near-infrared absorbing push-pull heptamethine chromophores for electro-optics. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Twisted chromophore assist to tetrathiafulvalene-spiropyran hybrid driving four-state molecular switch. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Xue G, Hu X, Chen H, Ge L, Wang W, Xiong J, Miao F, Zheng Y. Understanding the nature of quinoidal and zwitterionic states in carbazole-based diradicals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:5143-5146. [PMID: 32255106 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc01948h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Systematic studies of quinoidal and zwitterionic resonance patterns in diradicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Xue
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
- Chengdu 610054
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
| | - Xiaoguang Hu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
- Chengdu 610054
- P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Hanjiao Chen
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- P. R. China
| | - Lingbing Ge
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
- Chengdu 610054
- P. R. China
| | - Wenxiang Wang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
- Chengdu 610054
- P. R. China
| | - Jingyuan Xiong
- West China School of Public Health and Health Food Evaluation Research Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Miao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
- Chengdu 610054
- P. R. China
| | - Yonghao Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering
- University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)
- Chengdu 610054
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays
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13
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Riera-Galindo S, Orbelli Biroli A, Forni A, Puttisong Y, Tessore F, Pizzotti M, Pavlopoulou E, Solano E, Wang S, Wang G, Ruoko TP, Chen WM, Kemerink M, Berggren M, di Carlo G, Fabiano S. Impact of Singly Occupied Molecular Orbital Energy on the n-Doping Efficiency of Benzimidazole Derivatives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:37981-37990. [PMID: 31539222 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the impact of singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) energy on the n-doping efficiency of benzimidazole derivatives. By designing and synthesizing a series of new air-stable benzimidazole-based dopants with different SOMO energy levels, we demonstrated that an increase of the dopant SOMO energy by only ∼0.3 eV enhances the electrical conductivity of a benchmark electron-transporting naphthalenediimide-bithiophene polymer by more than 1 order of magnitude. By combining electrical, X-ray diffraction, and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements with density functional theory calculations and analytical transport simulations, we quantitatively characterized the conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, spin density, and crystallinity of the doped polymer as a function of the dopant SOMO energy. Our findings strongly indicate that charge and energy transport are dominated by the (relative) position of the SOMO level, whereas morphological differences appear to play a lesser role. These results set molecular-design guidelines for next-generation n-type dopants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Riera-Galindo
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-60174 Norrköping , Sweden
| | - Alessio Orbelli Biroli
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , SmartMatLab Centre , via C. Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Alessandra Forni
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari del CNR (CNR-ISTM) , SmartMatLab Centre , via C. Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | | | - Francesca Tessore
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unitá di Ricerca dell'INSTM , Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Maddalena Pizzotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unitá di Ricerca dell'INSTM , Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Eleni Pavlopoulou
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO-UMR 5629), Bordeaux INP , Université de Bordeaux, CNRS , 16 Av. Pey-Berland , 33607 Pessac , France
| | - Eduardo Solano
- NCD-SWEET beamline , ALBA Synchrotron Light Source , Carrer de la Llum 2-26 , 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
| | - Suhao Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-60174 Norrköping , Sweden
| | - Gang Wang
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-60174 Norrköping , Sweden
| | - Tero-Petri Ruoko
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-60174 Norrköping , Sweden
| | | | | | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-60174 Norrköping , Sweden
| | - Gabriele di Carlo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Unitá di Ricerca dell'INSTM , Università degli Studi di Milano , via C. Golgi 19 , 20133 Milano , Italy
| | - Simone Fabiano
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology , Linköping University , SE-60174 Norrköping , Sweden
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14
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Burganov TI, Monari A, Katsyuba SA, Mamedov VA, Zhukova NA, Assfeld X. 2,3-(Dibenzimidazol-2-yl)quinoxalines: Unexpected Dynamical Effect on Steady-State Electronic Absorption Spectra. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5514-5523. [PMID: 31192599 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report on the electronic absorption spectra, conformational behavior, and intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds of 2,3-(dibenzimidazol-2-yl)-quinoxaline (DBIQ). The experimentally found strong solvent dependence of the absorption spectra of DBIQ solutions cannot be assigned to electronic excitations of the equilibrium ground-state DBIQ structure. Extended consideration including the nonequilibrium structures within the framework of ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) revealed the importance of torsion molecular motions not covered by the static case. The strong impact of solute-solvent hydrogen bonding on stabilization of these nonequilibrium structures and on conformational composition of DBIQ was demonstrated. A presence of twisted nonplanar geometries along the whole MD trajectory was shown to drastically influence not only energies but also characters of electronic excitations, resulting in a change of local π-π* character in a solution of 1,2-dichloroethane to charge-transfer character in polar dimethylsulfoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur I Burganov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS , Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry , Arbuzov st. 8 , 420088 Kazan , Russia
| | - Antonio Monari
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019 , F-54000 Nancy , France
| | - Sergey A Katsyuba
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS , Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry , Arbuzov st. 8 , 420088 Kazan , Russia
| | - Vakhid A Mamedov
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS , Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry , Arbuzov st. 8 , 420088 Kazan , Russia
| | - Nataliya A Zhukova
- FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS , Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry , Arbuzov st. 8 , 420088 Kazan , Russia
| | - Xavier Assfeld
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, LPCT UMR 7019 , F-54000 Nancy , France
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15
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Synthesis of unsymmetrical 2-(2-vinyl-4H-chromen-4-ylidene)malononitrile dyes via Knoevenagel reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Lou AJT, Marks TJ. A Twist on Nonlinear Optics: Understanding the Unique Response of π-Twisted Chromophores. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1428-1438. [PMID: 31038918 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Materials with large nonlinear optical (NLO) response have the ability to manipulate the frequency and phase of incident light and exhibit phenomena that form the basis of modern telecommunication systems. In molecule-based materials, the second- and third-order NLO performance is related to the hyperpolarizability (β) and second hyperpolarizability (γ) of the constituent molecules. The search for higher β materials is driven by the desire to keep pace with expanding demand for high speed data transmission, while discovery of high γ chromophores is crucial for the development of emergent photonic technologies reliant on manipulation of "light-with-light". For decades, it was believed that for highest performance, organic NLO materials must be composed of planar π-system chromophores, and much exploratory research focused on subtle molecular modifications, which generally yielded incremental increases in μβ, where μ is the molecular dipole moment. The surprising recent discovery that twisted π-system chromophores can exhibit dramatically higher β values than their planar analogues has revealed a new design paradigm and stimulated the development of high performance twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) chromophores, which are composed of electron-donating and electron-accepting π-substituents joined by a sterically constrained twisted biaryl fragment. In such chromophores, the twisting of the π-system enforces charge separation in the electronic ground state, leading to large dipole moments and low-lying charge-transfer excitations. This unique electronic structure forms the basis for enhanced NLO response, with an archetypal TICT chromophore, TMC-2, exhibiting very large second- ( μβ = 24 000 × 10-48 esu) and third-order (γ = 1.4 × 10-33 esu) metrics in dilute low-polarity solutions. This Account summarizes several approaches to enhance μβ in various environments, including (1) manipulating the biaryl torsional angle, (2) modifying the electron accepting fragment, (3) extending conjugation, (4) adding multiple twisted fragments, (5) modifying chromophore side chains, and (6) tuning the chromophore environment. Another set of modifications is explored to enhance γ, including (1) coupling to a cyanine dye to hybridize the cyanine and TICT orbitals, (2) manipulating the donor and acceptor group identity. The extensive modifications described above yield a detailed understanding of TICT chromophore molecular NLO response and unambiguous evidence that such chromophores have the potential to revolutionize organic electro-optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J.-T. Lou
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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17
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Li H, Han J, Zhao H, Liu X, Luo Y, Shi Y, Liu C, Jin M, Ding D. Lighting Up the Invisible Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer State by High Pressure. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:748-753. [PMID: 30704239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) state plays an important role in determining the performance of optoelectronic devices. However, for some nonfluorescent TICT molecules, the "invisible" TICT state could only be visualized by modifying the molecular structure. Here, we introduce a new facile pressure-induced approach to light up the TICT state through the use of a pressure-related liquid-solid phase transition of the surrounding solvent. Combining ultrafast spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations, it reveals that the "invisible" TICT state can emit fluorescence when the rotation of a donor group is restricted by the frozen acetonitrile solution. Furthermore, the TICT process can even be effectively regulated by the external pressure. Our study offers a unique strategy to achieve dual fluorescence behavior in charge transfer molecules and is of significance for optoelectronic and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Jianhui Han
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Xiaochun Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Yi Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Ying Shi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Cailong Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Mingxing Jin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Dajun Ding
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
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18
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Liu B, Wang H, Hu Q. Hyper-Rayleigh scattering studies of a three-photon fluorescent non-linear optical molecule at 1500 nm. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2018.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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19
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Ye J, Qiu Y. Redox-triggered switch based on platinum(ii) acetylacetonate complexes bearing an isomeric donor–acceptor conjugation ligand shows a high second-order nonlinear optical response. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02183c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pt(ii) acetylcetonate complexes with an isomeric D–A ligand exhibiting exceptionally large hyperpolarizabilities are promising redox-triggered NLO switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Hongqiang Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jinting Ye
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yongqing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun
- China
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20
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Jana P, Patel N, Mukherjee T, Soppina V, Kanvah S. A “turn-on” Michler's ketone–benzimidazole fluorescent probe for selective detection of serum albumins. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01972c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced emission and selective binding with albumins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palash Jana
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
- Palaj
- India
| | - Nishaben Patel
- Department of Biological Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
- Palaj
- India
| | | | - Virupakshi Soppina
- Department of Biological Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
- Palaj
- India
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar
- Palaj
- India
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21
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Nie Q, Xie Y, Huang W, Wu D. A Dynamic Heterometal–Organic Rhomboid Exhibiting Thermochromic and Piezochromic Luminescence. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14489-14492. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Nie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis &Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Yangbin Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis &Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis &Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
| | - Dayu Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis &Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, China
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Lou AJT, Righetto S, Cariati E, Marks TJ. Organic Salts Suppress Aggregation and Enhance the Hyperpolarizability of a π-Twisted Chromophore. Chemistry 2018; 24:15801-15805. [PMID: 30161274 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Twisted intramolecular charge-transfer (TICT) chromophores exhibit extraordinary hyperpolarizabilities, β, and are therefore promising for electro-optic technologies. Nevertheless, centrosymmetric aggregate formation severely diminishes β in concentrated solutions or in polymer matrices. Herein, the remarkable effects of organic salts on the linear and nonlinear optical response of a high β benzimidazolium-based TICT chromophore, B2TMC-2, are reported. Addition of Bu4 P+ Br- to B2TMC-2 solution in CHCl3 induces a halochromic blueshift, primarily reflecting interactions between Bu4 P+ Br- and the B2TMC-2 cationic portion. DC electric-field induced second-harmonic generation (EFISH) measurements on B2TMC-2+Bu4 P+ Br- solution reveal a large μβ=-22,160×10-48 esu, unprecedented for any chromophore with such a broad optical transparency window. Moreover, Bu4 P+ Br- is shown to suppress B2TMC-2 aggregation, thereby preserving high μβ in concentrated solutions. This phenomenon should be applicable to many other NLO chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J-T Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston IL, 60208, USA
| | - Stefania Righetto
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Cariati
- Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano and INSTM RU, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Tobin J Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd., Evanston IL, 60208, USA
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