1
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Zhang Z, Su B, Zhong F, Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Mai S, Tao H. Ru(II)-Catalyzed Carboamination of Olefins with α-Carbonyl Sulfoxonium Ylides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5382-5391. [PMID: 38556754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The first ruthenium-catalyzed carboamination of olefins with α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides is reported. The utilization of an inexpensive ruthenium catalyst enables the concise synthesis of pharmaceutically important isoindolin-1-ones, which possess both a stereogenic center and β-carbonyl side chain. This method is mild, efficient, and scalable and allows for the coupling of a wide range of aryl-, heteroaryl-, alkenyl-, and alkyl-substituted sulfoxonium ylides. Moreover, the carbonyl side chain in the resulting product provides a good handle for downstream transformations. For mechanistic studies, a ruthacyle complex is obtained and proven to be the key intermediate in both catalytic and stoichiometric reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Borong Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fuhong Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongyan Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Shaoyu Mai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huaming Tao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangzhou 510515, China
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2
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Man Y, Xu B. Generation and Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling of Alkenyloxy Radical. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38502939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Alkene-attached oxygen radicals are rarely used, as highly reactive oxygen radicals are incompatible with the alkene moiety. The direct radical-radical cross-coupling of O radicals is also challenging (limited to N-O bond formation) because of the lack of suitable persistent radical species. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using Breslow intermediate radical (BIR) as a persistent radical to capture unstable π-conjugated O radicals and allow the C-O radical-radical cross-coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunquan Man
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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3
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Okumatsu D, Kiyokawa K, Bao Nguyen LT, Abe M, Minakata S. Photoexcitation of (diarylmethylene)amino benziodoxolones for alkylamination of styrene derivatives with carboxylic acids. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1068-1076. [PMID: 38239691 PMCID: PMC10793594 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06090j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The alkylamination of alkenes using pristine carboxylic acids was achieved by the photoexcitation of (diarylmethylene)amino benziodoxolones (DABXs), which serve as both an oxidant and an aminating reagent (an iminyl radical precursor). The developed method is a simple photochemical reaction without the need for external photosensitizers and shows a broad substrate scope for aliphatic carboxylic acids leading to the formation of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl radicals, thus enabling the facile synthesis of various structurally complex amines. Mechanistic investigations including transient absorption spectroscopy measurements using a laser flash photolysis (LFP) method disclosed the unique photochemical reactivity of DABXs, which undergoes homolysis of their I-N bonds to give an iminyl radical and ortho-iodobenzoyloxy radical, the latter of which participates in the single-electron oxidation of carboxylates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Okumatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Kensuke Kiyokawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Linh Tran Bao Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Kagamiyama 1-3-1 Higashi-hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Kagamiyama 1-3-1 Higashi-hiroshima Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University Yamadaoka 2-1 Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
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4
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Xu Y, Gao HX, Pan C, Shi Y, Zhang C, Huang G, Feng C. Stereoselective Photoredox Catalyzed (3+3) Dipolar Cycloaddition of Nitrone with Aryl Cyclopropane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310671. [PMID: 37700683 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
By resorting to the principle of remote activation, we herein demonstrate the first photoredox catalyzed (3+3) dipolar cycloaddition of nitrones with aryl cyclopropanes. Key to the fidelity of the reaction resides in a facile manner of substrate activation by single-electron transfer (SET) oxidation with photoredox catalysis, and the reaction takes place through a stepwise cascade encompassing a three-electron-type nucleophilic substitution triggered cyclopropane ring-opening and a diastereoselective 6-endo-trig radical cyclization manifold. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity, nicely complementing the well-developed Lewis acid catalyzed cycloaddition of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes. Other merits of the protocol include wide scope of aryl cyclopropanes with diversified substitution patterns and good functional-group compatibility. A mechanism involving an aryl radical cation promoted remote activation mode was also proposed and supported by mechanistic experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Xiang Gao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Chengkai Pan
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of chemistry, School of science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of chemistry, School of science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, P. R. China
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5
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Nicely AM, Popov AG, Wendlandt HC, Trammel GL, Kohler DG, Hull KL. Cu-Catalyzed Three-Component Carboamination of Electron Deficient Olefins. Org Lett 2023; 25:5302-5307. [PMID: 37440170 PMCID: PMC10771120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The copper-catalyzed three-component carboamination of atropates for the synthesis of α-aryl amino acid derivatives is presented. The scope of the reaction is explored with respect to all three coupling partners: the alkyl halide, the atropate, and the aryl amine. A total of 41 examples are included, with yields of ≤92%. Both primary and secondary aryl amines participate in the carboamination along with α-haloesters, nitriles, and perfluoroiodoalkanes. Mechanistic investigations support a radical mechanism involving Cu-mediated C-N bond formation with the radical adduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aja M Nicely
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Andrei G Popov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Hannah C Wendlandt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Grace L Trammel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61812, United States
| | - Daniel G Kohler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61812, United States
| | - Kami L Hull
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61812, United States
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6
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Zheng Y, Liao Z, Xie Z, Chen H, Chen K, Xiang H, Yang H. Photochemical Alkene Trifluoromethylimination Enabled by Trifluoromethylsulfonylamide as a Bifunctional Reagent. Org Lett 2023; 25:2129-2133. [PMID: 36943094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose a facile and versatile trifluoromethylimination of alkene with a rationally designed N-(diphenylmethylene)-1,1,1-trifluoromethanesulfonamide as a bench-stable and readily accessible carboamination reagent. Enabled by an energy transfer (EnT) process, an array of alkenes were able to be facilely CF3-iminated under metal-free photocatalytic conditions. The mild reaction conditions and good functional group compatibility render this protocol highly valuable for the difunctionalization of olefins with structural complexity and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zihao Liao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
| | - Haoyue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, Henan P. R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China
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7
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Tan G, Paulus F, Petti A, Wiethoff MA, Lauer A, Daniliuc C, Glorius F. Metal-free photosensitized radical relay 1,4-carboimination across two distinct olefins. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2447-2454. [PMID: 36873844 PMCID: PMC9977457 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06497a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermolecular carboamination of olefins offers a powerful platform for the rapid construction of structurally complex amines from abundant feedstocks. However, these reactions often require transition-metal catalysis, and are mainly limited to 1,2-carboamination. Herein, we report a novel radical relay 1,4-carboimination across two distinct olefins with alkyl carboxylic acid-derived bifunctional oxime esters via energy transfer catalysis. The reaction is highly chemo- and regioselective, and multiple C-C and C-N bonds were formed in a single orchestrated operation. This mild and metal-free method features a remarkably broad substrate scope with excellent tolerance of sensitive functional groups, therefore providing easy access to structurally diverse 1,4-carboiminated products. Moreover, the obtained imines could be easily converted into valuable biologically relevant free γ-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Tan
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Fritz Paulus
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Alessia Petti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Maxim-Aleksa Wiethoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Anna Lauer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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8
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Tan G, Paulus F, Rentería-Gómez Á, Lalisse RF, Daniliuc CG, Gutierrez O, Glorius F. Highly Selective Radical Relay 1,4-Oxyimination of Two Electronically Differentiated Olefins. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21664-21673. [PMID: 36383483 PMCID: PMC10242452 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Radical addition reactions of olefins have emerged as an attractive tool for the rapid assembly of complex structures, and have plentiful applications in organic synthesis, however, such reactions are often limited to polymerization or 1,2-difunctionalization. Herein, we disclose an unprecedented radical relay 1,4-oxyimination of two electronically differentiated olefins with a class of bifunctional oxime carbonate reagents via an energy transfer strategy. The protocol is highly chemo- and regioselective, and three different chemical bonds (C-O, C-C, and C-N bonds) were formed in a single operation in an orchestrated manner. Notably, this reaction provides rapid access to a large variety of structurally diverse 1,4-oxyimination products, and the obtained products could be easily converted into valuable biologically relevant δ-hydroxyl-α-amino acids. With a combination of experimental and theoretical methods, the mechanism for this 1,4-oxyimination reaction has been investigated. Theoretical calculations reveal that a radical chain mechanism might operate in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Tan
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Fritz Paulus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ángel Rentería-Gómez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Remy F Lalisse
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Osvaldo Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
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9
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Nguyen QH, Um TW, Shin S. α-Carbonyl Radicals from N-Enoxybenzotriazoles: De Novo Synthesis of 9-Phenanthrols. Org Lett 2022; 24:8337-8342. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quynh H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Tae-Woong Um
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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10
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Ge L, Zhang C, Pan C, Wang DX, Liu DY, Li ZQ, Shen P, Tian L, Feng C. Photoredox-catalyzed C-C bond cleavage of cyclopropanes for the formation of C(sp 3)-heteroatom bonds. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5938. [PMID: 36209214 PMCID: PMC9547854 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33602-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterically congested C-O and C-N bonds are ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and bioactive compounds. However, the development of a general method for the efficient construction of those sterically demanding covalent bonds still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, a photoredox-driven ring-opening C(sp3)-heteroatom bond formation of arylcyclopropanes is presented, which enables the construction of structurally diversified while sterically congested dialkyl ether, alkyl ester, alcohol, amine, chloride/fluoride, azide and also thiocyanate derivatives. The selective single electron oxidation of aryl motif associated with the thermodynamic driving force from ring strain-release is the key for this transformation. By this synergistic activation mode, C-C bond cleavage of otherwise inert cyclopropane framework is successfully unlocked. Further mechanistic and computational studies disclose a complete stereoinversion upon nucleophilic attack, thus proving a concerted SN2-type ring-opening functionalization manifold, while the regioselectivity is subjected to an orbital control scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ge
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chengkai Pan
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ding-Xing Wang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Dong-Ying Liu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Pingkang Shen
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Lifang Tian
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Material-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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11
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Abstract
A radical shift toward energy transfer photocatalysis from electron transfer photocatalysis under visible-light photoirradiation is often due to the greener prospects of atom and process economy. Recent advances in energy transfer photocatalysis embrace unique strategies for direct small-molecule activation and sometimes extraordinary chemical bond formation in the absence of additional/sacrificial reagents. Selective energy transfer photocatalysis requires careful selection of substrates and photocatalysts for a perfect match with respect to their triplet energies while having incompatible redox potentials to prevent competitive electron transfer pathways. Substrates containing labile N-O bonds are potential targets for generating reactive key intermediates via photocatalysis to access a variety of functionalized molecules. Typically, the differential electron densities of N and O heteroatoms have been exploited for generation of either N- or O-centered radical intermediates from the functionalized substrates by the electron transfer pathway. However, the latest developments involve direct N-O bond homolysis via energy transfer to generate both N- and O-centered radicals for their subsequent utilization in diverse organic transformations, also in the absence of sacrificial redox reagents. In this Account, we highlight our key contributions in the field of N-O bond activation via energy transfer photocatalysis to generate reactive radical intermediates, with coverage of useful mechanistic insights. More specifically, well-designed N-O bond-containing substrates such as 1,2,4-oxadiazolines, oxime esters, N-indolyl carbonates, and N-enoxybenzotriazoles were successfully utilized in versatile transformations involving selective energy transfer over electron transfer from photocatalysts with high triplet state energy. Direct access to reactive N-, O-, and C-centered (if decarboxylation follows) radical intermediates was achieved for diverse cross-couplings and rearrangement processes. In particular, a variety of open-shell nitrogen reactive intermediates, including N(sp2) and N(sp3) radicals and nitrenes, have been utilized. Notably, diversified transformations of identical substrates have been achieved through careful control of the reaction conditions. 1,2,4-Oxadiazolines were converted into spiro-azolactams through iminyl intermediates in the presence of 1O2, benzimidazoles, or sulfoximines with external sulfoxide reagent through triplet nitrene intermediates under inert conditions. Besides, oxime esters underwent either intramolecular C(sp3)-N radical-radical coupling or intermolecular C(sp3)-N radical-radical coupling by a combined energy transfer-hydrogen atom transfer strategy. Furthermore, a series of electrochemical and photophysical experiments as well as computational studies were performed to substantiate the proposed selective energy-transfer-driven reaction pathways. We hope that this Account will serve as a guide for the rational design of selective energy transfer processes through the activation of further labile chemical bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Seul Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Vineet Kumar Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul06974, Republic of Korea
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12
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Majhi J, Dhungana RK, Rentería-Gómez Á, Sharique M, Li L, Dong W, Gutierrez O, Molander GA. Metal-Free Photochemical Imino-Alkylation of Alkenes with Bifunctional Oxime Esters. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15871-15878. [PMID: 35984388 PMCID: PMC10245625 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The concurrent installation of C-C and C-N bonds across alkene frameworks represents a powerful tool to prepare motifs that are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals and bioactive compounds. To construct such prevalent bonds, most alkene difunctionalization methods demand the use of precious metals or activated alkenes. We report a metal-free, photochemically mediated imino-alkylation of electronically diverse alkenes to install both alkyl and iminyl groups in a highly efficient manner. The exceptionally mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and facile one-pot reaction protocol highlight the utility of this method to prepare privileged motifs from readily available alkene and acid feedstocks. One key and striking feature of this transformation is that an electrophilic trifluoromethyl radical is equally efficient with both electron-deficient and electron-rich alkenes. Additionally, dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) and empirical investigations provide detailed mechanistic insight into this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadab Majhi
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Roshan K. Dhungana
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Ángel Rentería-Gómez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Mohammed Sharique
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Longbo Li
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Weizhe Dong
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Osvaldo Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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13
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Wu M, Zhang H, Wang T, Lin S, Guo Z, Gao H, Zhou Z, Yi W. Rh(III)-Catalyzed chemo-, regio- and stereoselective carboamination of sulfonyl allenes with N-phenoxy amides or N-enoxy imides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:9286-9289. [PMID: 35904085 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02982k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Rh(III)-catalyzed chemo-, regio- and stereoselective carboamination of sulfonyl allenes has been realized by virtue of either N-phenoxy amides or N-enoxy imides simultaneously acting as the C- and N-sources, via redox-neutral tandem C-H activation/allene insertion/oxidative addition/C-N bond formation for the direct construction of allylamine derivatives equipped with an α-quaternary carbon center. This protocol features high atom-economy with good substrate compatibility and exhibits profound synthetic potential for late-stage C-H modification of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Haiman Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Shuang Lin
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyang Guo
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Gao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Yi
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, P. R. China.
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14
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Nguyen QH, Hwang HS, Cho EJ, Shin S. Energy Transfer Photolysis of N-Enoxybenzotriazoles into Benzotriazolyl and α-Carbonyl Radicals. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quynh H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Ho Seong Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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15
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Cao WB, Zhang JD, Xu MM, Liu HW, Li HY, Xu XP, Ji SJ. Syn-Stereoselective C3-Spirocyclization and C2-Amination of 3-(2-Isocyanoethyl)indole Using C, N-Cyclic Azomethine Imines. Org Lett 2022; 24:4620-4624. [PMID: 35730796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
By utilizing an underexplored reaction mode of C,N-cyclic azomethine imines, a catalyst-free [1+2+3] cycloaddition/N-N bond cleavage sequential reaction for accessing spiroindolines with syn-stereoselectivity was developed. On the basis of experimental results and DFT calculations, peroxide and ethereal solvent were identified to trigger the hydrogen abstraction of the unstable [1+2+3] cycloaddition adducts, followed by homolytic cleavage of the N-N bond and hydrogen absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Analysis and Testing Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.,Innovation Center for Chemical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.,Suzhou Baolidi Functional Materials Research Institute, Suzhou 215144, People's Republic of China
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16
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Budnikov AS, Krylov I, Lastovko AV, Yu B, Terent'ev AO. N‐Alkoxyphtalimides as Versatile Alkoxy Radical Precursors in Modern Organic Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Budnikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory for Studies of Homolytic Reactions RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Igor Krylov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory for Studies of Homolytic Reactions Leninsky Prospect, 47 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Andrey V. Lastovko
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory for Studies of Homolytic Reactions RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Bing Yu
- Zhengzhou University Green Catalysis Center CHINA
| | - Alexander O. Terent'ev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory for Studies of Homolytic Reactions Leninsky prospekt 47 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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17
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Li X, Shui Y, Shen P, Wang YP, Zhang C, Feng C. A novel type of radical-addition-induced β-fragmentation and ensuing remote functionalization. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Wang Y, Bao Y, Tang M, Ye Z, Yuan Z, Zhu G. Recent advances in difunctionalization of alkenes using pyridinium salts as radical precursors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3847-3864. [PMID: 35257136 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00369d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarise the recent applications of pyridinium salts in the radical-mediated difunctionalization of alkenes. Pyridinium salts are a privileged class of compounds that show great utility in natural products and synthetic chemistry. Various organic transformations of pyridinium salts, especially in radical chemistry, have been developed in recent years. We prepared this review based on the two distinguished properties of pyridinium salts in radical transformation: (1) pyridinium salts can easily undergo single electron reduction to deliver X radicals. (2) Pyridinium salts are highly electrophilic so that alkyl radical intermediates can easily add to the pyridine core. Based on the role of pyridinium salts in difunctionalization of alkenes, the main body of this review is divided into three parts: (1) using pyridinium salts as X transfer reagents. (2) Using pyridinium salts as novel pyridine transfer reagents. (3) Using pyridinium salts as bifunctional reagents (X and pyridine). The C2 and C4 selectivity during pyridylation is discussed in detail. We hope that this review will provide a comprehensive overview of this topic and promote the wider development and application of pyridinium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Yanyang Bao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Meifang Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Zhegao Ye
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Zheliang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China.
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua 321004, P. R. China.
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19
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Kwon K, Simons RT, Nandakumar M, Roizen JL. Strategies to Generate Nitrogen-centered Radicals That May Rely on Photoredox Catalysis: Development in Reaction Methodology and Applications in Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2353-2428. [PMID: 34623809 PMCID: PMC8792374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
For more than 70 years, nitrogen-centered radicals have been recognized as potent synthetic intermediates. This review is a survey designed for use by chemists engaged in target-oriented synthesis. This review summarizes the recent paradigm shift in access to and application of N-centered radicals enabled by visible-light photocatalysis. This shift broadens and streamlines approaches to many small molecules because visible-light photocatalysis conditions are mild. Explicit attention is paid to innovative advances in N-X bonds as radical precursors, where X = Cl, N, S, O, and H. For clarity, key mechanistic data is noted, where available. Synthetic applications and limitations are summarized to illuminate the tremendous utility of photocatalytically generated nitrogen-centered radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kitae Kwon
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - R Thomas Simons
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Meganathan Nandakumar
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
| | - Jennifer L Roizen
- Duke University, Department of Chemistry, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0354, United States
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20
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Huang M, Ma J, Zou Z, Li H, Liu J, Kong L, Pan Y, Zhang W, Liang Y, Wang Y. A photoinduced transient activating strategy for late-stage chemoselective C(sp 3)–H trifluoromethylation of azines. Chem Sci 2022; 13:11312-11319. [PMID: 36320576 PMCID: PMC9533475 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03989c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct functionalization of C(sp3)–H bonds is an ultimately ideal synthetic strategy with high atom economy and step efficiency. However, the direct trifluoromethylation of electron-deficient heteroaryl adjacent C(sp3)–H bonds remains a formidable challenge. We have described a transient activating strategy involving a Tf-shift process and π–π stacking interaction for catalyst-free direct benzylic C(sp3)–H trifluoromethylation of azines, such as pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline, dihydropyridinone, tetrahydroisoquinoline and tetrahydroquinazoline, with an air-stable crystalline imidazolium sulfonate reagent IMDN-Tf. This bench-stable cationic reagent offers a scalable and practical protocol for the late-stage modification of drug molecules with high site selectivity, which avoids the prefunctionalization and the use of stoichiometric metals and strong oxidants. Furthermore, comprehensive mechanistic studies revealed the determining effect of π–π stacking for the activation of azinylic C(sp3)–H bonds. Late-stage C(sp3)–H functionalization of unactivated azines: the traceless Tf switching process offers ample opportunities for site-selective derivatization of heteroaryls, allowing for the rapid increase of molecular complexity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenlei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Heyin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lingyu Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Weigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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21
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Yang Y, Wang H, Sun Z, Li X, Sun F, Liu Q, Zhang L, Xu L, Liu H. Palladium-catalyzed regiodivergent arylamination/aryloxygenation of allenamide. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01271e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In regiodivergent arylamination/aryloxygenation of allenamides, use of Cy2NMe caused 2,1-arylamination and the corresponding alkenes were formed with excellent Z configuration. Whereas, utilizing Ag2CO3 caused 2,3-aryloxygenation via an unexpected CO2 insertion from Ag2CO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Zehua Sun
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Xinjin Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Fenggang Sun
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Liping Xu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, 266 West Xincun Road, Zibo 255049, P. R. China
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22
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Zhang XG, Li X, Zhang C, Feng C. Multisubstituted Cyclohexene Construction through Telescoped Radical-Addition Induced Remote Functional Group Migration and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) Olefination. Org Lett 2021; 23:9611-9615. [PMID: 34870438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An efficient telescoped method for the rapid assembly of multisubstituted cyclohexenes is presented herein. The whole process nicely merges photoredox-promoted alkene difunctionalization via remote functional group migration with concomitant intramolecular Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) olefination. The characteristic feature of this protocol resides in the fact that the follow-up requiring ketone functionality for ring-closing olefination is in situ unveiled from the otherwise inert tertiary alcohol by the preceding alkene difunctionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Gui Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Xin Li
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
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23
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Wang L, Zhang H, Zhu C, Feng C. Expedient Trifluoromethylacylation of Styrenes Enabled by Photoredox Catalysis. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Chuan Zhu
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing Jiangsu 211816 China
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24
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Photocatalytic
Anti
‐Markovnikov Radical Hydro‐ and Aminooxygenation of Unactivated Alkenes Tuned by Ketoxime Carbonates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Lai SQ, Wei BY, Wang JW, Yu W, Han B. Photocatalytic Anti-Markovnikov Radical Hydro- and Aminooxygenation of Unactivated Alkenes Tuned by Ketoxime Carbonates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21997-22003. [PMID: 34255913 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A tunable photocatalytic method is reported for anti-Markovnikov hydro- and aminooxygenation of unactivated alkenes using readily accessible ketoxime carbonates as the diverse functionalization reagents. Mechanistic studies reveal that this reaction is initiated through an energy-transfer-promoted N-O bond homolysis of ketoxime carbonates leading to alkoxylcarbonyloxyl and iminyl radicals under visible-light photocatalysis, followed by the addition of alkoxylcarbonyloxyl radical to alkenes. By taking advantage of the different stability of the iminyl radicals, the generated carbon radical either abstracts a hydrogen atom from the media to form the anti-Markovnikov hydrooxygenation product, or it is trapped by the persistent iminyl radical to furnish the aminooxygenation product. Notably, this is the first example of direct hydrooxygenation of unactivated olefins with anti-Markovnikov regioselectivity involving an oxygen-centered radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qiang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bang-Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
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26
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Kumar R, Nguyen QH, Um TW, Shin S. Recent Progress in Enolonium Chemistry under Metal-Free Conditions. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100172. [PMID: 34418282 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Umpolung approach through inversion of the polarity of conventional enolates, has opened up an unprecedented opportunity in the cross-coupling via alkylation. The enolonium equivalents can be accessed either by hypervalent iodine reagents, activation/oxidation of amides, or the oxidation of alkynes. Under umpolung conditions, highly basic conditions required for classical enolate chemistry can be avoided, and they can couple with unmodified nucleophiles such as heteroatom donors and electron-rich arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Chemistry (CNOS), and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Quynh H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Chemistry (CNOS), and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Tae-Woong Um
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Chemistry (CNOS), and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Chemistry (CNOS), and Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea
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27
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Bary G, Jamil MI, Arslan M, Ghani L, Ahmed W, Ahmad H, Zaman G, Ayub K, Sajid M, Ahmad R, Huang D, Liu F, Wang Y. Regio- and stereoselective functionalization of alkenes with emphasis on mechanistic insight and sustainability concerns. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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28
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Tang HJ, Zhang B, Xue F, Feng C. Visible-Light-Induced Meerwein Fluoroarylation of Styrenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:4040-4044. [PMID: 33949871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented approach for assembling a broad range of 1,2-diarylethane derivatives with fluorine-containing fully substituted carbon centers was developed. The protocol features straightforward operation, proceeds under metal-free condition, and accommodates a large variety of synthetically useful functionalities. The critical aspect to the success of this novel transformation lies in using aryldiazonium salts as both aryl radical progenitor and also as single electron acceptor which elegantly enables a radical-polar crossover manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Jun Tang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xue
- Institute of Material Physics & Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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29
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Abstract
Developments in synthetic chemistry are increasingly driven by improvements in the selectivity and sustainability of transformations. Bifunctional reagents, either as dual coupling partners or as a coupling partner in combination with an activating species, offer an atom-economic approach to chemical complexity, while suppressing the formation of waste. These reagents are employed in organic synthesis thanks to their ability to form complex organic architectures and empower novel reaction pathways. This Review describes several key bifunctional reagents by showcasing selected cornerstone research areas and examples, including radical reactions, C-H functionalization, cross-coupling, organocatalysis and cyclization reactions.
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30
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Shin S, Lee S, Choi W, Kim N, Hong S. Visible‐Light‐Induced 1,3‐Aminopyridylation of [1.1.1]Propellane with
N
‐Aminopyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Seojin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Choi
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Namhoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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31
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Shin S, Lee S, Choi W, Kim N, Hong S. Visible-Light-Induced 1,3-Aminopyridylation of [1.1.1]Propellane with N-Aminopyridinium Salts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7873-7879. [PMID: 33403785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Through the formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex, strain-release aminopyridylation of [1.1.1]propellane with N-aminopyridinium salts as bifunctional reagents enabled the direct installation of amino and pyridyl groups onto bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) frameworks in the absence of an external photocatalyst. The robustness of this method to synthesize 1,3-aminopyridylated BCPs under mild and metal-free conditions is highlighted by the late-stage modification of structurally complex biorelevant molecules. Moreover, the strategy was extended to P-centered and CF3 radicals for the unprecedented incorporation of such functional groups with pyridine across the BCP core in a three-component coupling. This practical method lays the foundation for the straightforward construction of new valuable C4-pyridine-functionalized BCP chemical entities, thus significantly expanding the range of accessibility of BCP-type bioisosteres for applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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32
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Liao LL, Cao GM, Jiang YX, Jin XH, Hu XL, Chruma JJ, Sun GQ, Gui YY, Yu DG. α-Amino Acids and Peptides as Bifunctional Reagents: Carbocarboxylation of Activated Alkenes via Recycling CO2. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:2812-2821. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Mei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Xu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Hao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Long Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jason J. Chruma
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4319, United States
| | - Guo-Quan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Yuan Gui
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da-Gang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Ji YX, Li J, Li CM, Qu S, Zhang B. Manganese-Catalyzed N-F Bond Activation for Hydroamination and Carboamination of Alkenes. Org Lett 2020; 23:207-212. [PMID: 33305569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-promoted method for generating amidyl radicals from N-fluorosulfonamides via a manganese-catalyzed N-F bond activation strategy is reported. This protocol employs a simple manganese complex, Mn2(CO)10, as the precatalyst and a cheap silane, (MeO)3SiH, as both the hydrogen-atom donor and the F-atom acceptor, enabling intramolecular/intermolecular hydroaminations of alkenes, two-component carboamination of alkenes, and even three-component carboamination of alkenes. A wide range of valuable aliphatic sulfonamides can be readily prepared using these practical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Xing Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jinxia Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Chun-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shuanglin Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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34
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Yi X, Hu X. Intermolecular oxidative amination of unactivated alkenes by dual photoredox and copper catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1901-1906. [PMID: 34163953 PMCID: PMC8179295 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05952h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative amination of alkenes via amidyl radical addition is potentially an efficient method to generate allylic amines, which are versatile synthetic intermediates to bioactive compounds and organic materials. Here by combining photochemical generation of amidyl radicals with Cu-mediated β-H elimination of alkyl radicals, we have developed an intermolecular oxidative amination of unactivated alkenes. The reaction relies on tandem photoredox and copper catalysis, and works for both terminal and internal alkenes. The radical nature of the reaction and the mild conditions lead to high functional group tolerance. Oxidative amination via amidyl radical addition of unactivated alkenes was realized by dual photoredox and copper catalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Yi
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Xile Hu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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35
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Jeon J, Lee C, Seo H, Hong S. NiH-Catalyzed Proximal-Selective Hydroamination of Unactivated Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20470-20480. [PMID: 33205955 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Reported herein is a modular, NiH-catalyzed system capable of proximal-selective hydroamination of unactivated alkenes with diverse amine sources. The key to the successful implementation of this approach is the promotion of NiH insertion into even highly substituted olefins via coordination of the bidentate directing group to the nickel complex. A wide range of primary and secondary amines can be installed in both internal and terminal unactivated alkenes with excellent regiocontrol under the optimized reaction conditions. This protocol is flexible and general for the preparation of a variety of valuable β- and γ-amino acid building blocks that would otherwise be difficult to synthesize. The utility of this transformation was further demonstrated by the site-selective late-stage modification of complex and medicinally relevant molecules. Combined experimental and computational studies illuminate the detailed reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Changseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Huiyeong Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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36
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Ahmed W, Zhang S, Feng X, Yu X, Yamamoto Y, Bao M. Cooperative Catalysis of Copper, Silver, and Brønsted Acid for Three‐Component Carboamination of Arylalkenes with Allylic Alcohols and Nitriles. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Xiujuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
| | - Yoshinori Yamamoto
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
- Research Organization of Science and Technology Ritsumeikan University Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577 Japan
| | - Ming Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116023 P. R. China
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37
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Moon Y, Lee W, Hong S. Visible-Light-Enabled Ortho-Selective Aminopyridylation of Alkenes with N-Aminopyridinium Ylides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12420-12429. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghoon Moon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Wooseok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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38
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Kwon Y, Wang Q. Copper-Catalyzed 1,2-Aminocyanation of Unactivated Alkenes via Cyano Migration. Org Lett 2020; 22:4141-4145. [PMID: 32383382 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed aminocyanation of alkenes has been achieved through distal cyano migration using O-benzoylhydroxylamines and N-fluorobenzenesulfonimides. This method offers a rapid approach to generate diverse β-amino and β-sulfonimido nitriles. These reactions feature mild conditions, tolerance of sensitive functional groups, and excellent regioselectivity. Mechanistic studies suggest that these transformations are initiated by a copper-catalyzed amination step followed by a cyano migration step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yungeun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Qiu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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39
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Visible‐Light‐Assisted Gold‐Catalyzed Fluoroarylation of Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5242-5247. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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40
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Tang H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Feng C. Visible‐Light‐Assisted Gold‐Catalyzed Fluoroarylation of Allenoates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai‐Jun Tang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Xinggui Zhang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Feng Zhang
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Institute of Advanced SynthesisSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringNanjing Tech University 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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41
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Patra T, Bellotti P, Strieth‐Kalthoff F, Glorius F. Photosensitized Intermolecular Carboimination of Alkenes through the Persistent Radical Effect. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:3172-3177. [PMID: 31794633 PMCID: PMC7028066 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An intermolecular, two-component vicinal carboimination of alkenes has been accomplished by energy transfer catalysis. Oxime esters of alkyl carboxylic acids were used as bifunctional reagents to generate both alkyl and iminyl radicals. Subsequently, addition of the alkyl radical to an alkene generates a transient radical for selective radical-radical cross-coupling with the persistent iminyl radical. Furthermore, this process provides direct access to aliphatic primary amines and α-amino acids by simple hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Patra
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Felix Strieth‐Kalthoff
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterCorrensstraße 4048149MünsterGermany
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42
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Abstract
Vicinal alkene carboamination is a highly efficient and practical synthetic strategy for the straightforward preparation of diverse and valuable amine derivatives starting from simple compounds. During the last decade that approach has found continuous research interests and various practical methods have been developed using transition-metal catalysis. Driven by the renaissance of synthetic radical chemistry, intermolecular radical alkene carboamination comprising a C-C bond and a C-N bond forming step has been intensively investigated recently culminating in novel strategies and improved protocols which complement existing methodologies. Radical alkene carboamination can be achieved via three different reaction modes. Such cascades can proceed through N-radical addition to an alkene with subsequent C-C bond formation leading to 2,1-carboamination products. Alternatively, the C-C bond can be installed prior to the C-N bond via initial C-radical addition to the alkene with subsequent β-amination resulting in 1,2-carboamination. The third mode comprises initial single electron oxidation of the alkene to the corresponding alkene radical cation that gets trapped by an N-nucleophile and the cascade is terminated by radical C-C bond formation. In this review, the three different conceptual approaches will be discussed and examples from the recent literature will be presented. Further, the reader will get insights into the mechanism of the different transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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43
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N-(Alkoxy)- and N-(acyloxy)phthalimides in organic synthesis: free radical synthetic approaches and applications (microreview). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-020-02618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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44
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Mathi GR, Jeong Y, Moon Y, Hong S. Photochemical Carbopyridylation of Alkenes Using
N
‐Alkenoxypyridinium Salts as Bifunctional Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:2049-2054. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangadhar Rao Mathi
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Jeong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghoon Moon
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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45
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Patra T, Bellotti P, Strieth‐Kalthoff F, Glorius F. Energietransfervermittelte intermolekulare Carboiminylierung von Alkenen durch den “Persistent Radical Effect”. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Patra
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Peter Bellotti
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Felix Strieth‐Kalthoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
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46
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Mathi GR, Jeong Y, Moon Y, Hong S. Photochemical Carbopyridylation of Alkenes Using
N
‐Alkenoxypyridinium Salts as Bifunctional Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gangadhar Rao Mathi
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Jeong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghoon Moon
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon FunctionalizationsInstitute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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47
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Jiang H, Seidler G, Studer A. Carboamination of Unactivated Alkenes through Three-Component Radical Conjugate Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16528-16532. [PMID: 31529676 PMCID: PMC6900080 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-component Giese type radical additions are highly practical and established reactions. Herein, three-component radical conjugate additions of unactivated alkenes to Michael acceptors are reported. Amidyl radicals, oxidatively generated from α-amido oxy acids using redox catalysis, act as the third reaction component which add to the unactivated alkenes. The adduct radicals engage in Giese type additions to Michael acceptors to provide, after reduction, the three-component products in an overall alkene carboamination reaction. Transformations which can be conducted under practical mild conditions feature high functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraß 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Gesa Seidler
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraß 4048149MünsterGermany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-UniversitätCorrensstraß 4048149MünsterGermany
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48
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Nguyen NH, Nguyen QH, Biswas S, Patil DV, Shin S. β-Oxidation of Ynamides into N, O-Acetals by mCPBA: Application in Enantioselective Intermolecular Transacetalization. Org Lett 2019; 21:9009-9013. [PMID: 31692359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of ynamides by mCPBA led to β-oxygenation and resulted in formation of carbonyl compounds with α-N,O-acetal functionality. These N,O-acetals are formed in high yields and can be stored indefinitely at room temperature. Yet, they can be activated by a chiral Brønsted acid and underwent an enantioselective transacetalization into a α-N,O-acetal. Subsequent diastereoselective transformations occurred with exceptional selectivity according to Felkin-Anh model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Korea
| | - Quynh H Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Korea
| | - Soumen Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Korea
| | - Dilip V Patil
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences and Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) , Hanyang University , 222 Wangsimni-ro , Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763 , Korea
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49
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Jiang H, Seidler G, Studer A. Carboamination of Unactivated Alkenes through Three‐Component Radical Conjugate Addition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gesa Seidler
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches InstitutWestfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraß 40 48149 Münster Germany
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Li Y, Liang Y, Dong J, Deng Y, Zhao C, Su Z, Guan W, Bi X, Liu Q, Fu J. Directed Copper-Catalyzed Intermolecular Aminative Difunctionalization of Unactivated Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:18475-18485. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Junkai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
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