1
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Botlik BB, Finkelstein P, Paschke ASK, Reisenbauer JC, Morandi B. Versatile dehydrogenation of carbonyls enabled by an iodine(III) reagent. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9254-9257. [PMID: 39118590 PMCID: PMC11310745 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02609h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
We report the utilisation of an iodine(III) reagent to access α,β-unsaturated carbonyls from the corresponding silyl enol ethers of ketones and aldehydes, and from enol phosphates of lactones and lactams. The transformation is rapid, scalable, and can be carried out in one pot, directly dehydrogenating saturated carbonyls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bence B Botlik
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Patrick Finkelstein
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Ann-Sophie K Paschke
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Julia C Reisenbauer
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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2
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Zhang X, Chang M, Ni T, Zhang X, Zhao Q, Li W, Li T. Dehydrogenative [4 + 2] Annulation of 1-Indanones with Alkynes Enabled by In-Situ-Generated Nickel Hydride. Org Lett 2024; 26:6619-6624. [PMID: 39072679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
A practical and effective nickel-catalyzed dehydrogenative [4 + 2] annulation of 1-indanones with alkynes was reported. In this protocol, nickel-catalyzed desaturation of 1-indanones and nickel hydride catalyzed coupling with alkynes were first incorporated. A cyclopentadiene-type nickel hydride species was generated in situ via β-H elimination, and they subsequently reacted with a wide variety of alkynes to afford various benzo[a]fluorenone derivatives in good yields and regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Mengfan Chang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Tongtong Ni
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Xuhan Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Wenguang Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Ting Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Solar Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
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3
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Bodnar AK, Newhouse TR. Accessing Z-Enynes via Cobalt-Catalyzed Propargylic Dehydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402638. [PMID: 38591826 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Alkenes constitute an enabling motif in organic synthesis, as they can be functionalized to form highly substituted molecules. Z-alkenes are generally challenging to access due to the thermodynamic preference for the formation of E-alkenes compared to Z-alkenes. Dehydrogenation methodologies to selectively form Z-alkenes have not yet been reported. Herein, we report a Z-selective, propargylic dehydrogenation that provides 1,3-enynes through the invention of a Co-catalyzed oxidation system. Observation of a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) revealed that deprotonation of the propargylic position is the rate limiting step. Additionally, isomerization experiments were conducted and confirmed that the observed Z-selectivity is a kinetic effect. A proposed stereomechanistic model for the Z-selectivity is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K Bodnar
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520-8107, United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect St, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520-8107, United States
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4
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Zhao C, Gao R, Ma W, Li M, Li Y, Zhang Q, Guan W, Fu J. A facile synthesis of α,β-unsaturated imines via palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4329. [PMID: 38773128 PMCID: PMC11109338 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The dehydrogenation adjacent to an electron-withdrawing group provides an efficient access to α,β-unsaturated compounds that serving as versatile synthons in organic chemistry. However, the α,β-desaturation of aliphatic imines has hitherto proven to be challenging due to easy hydrolysis and preferential dimerization. Herein, by employing a pre-fluorination and palladium-catalyzed dehydrogenation reaction sequence, the abundant simple aliphatic amides are amendable to the rapid construction of complex molecular architectures to produce α,β-unsaturated imines. Mechanistic investigations reveal a Pd(0)/Pd(II) catalytic cycle involving oxidative H-F elimination of N-fluoroamide followed by a smooth α,β-desaturation of the in-situ generated aliphatic imine intermediate. This protocol exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, and even the carbonyl groups are compatible without any competing dehydrogenation, allowing for late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive molecules. The synthetic utility of this transformation has been further demonstrated by a diversity-oriented derivatization and a concise formal synthesis of (±)-alloyohimbane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Rongwan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wenxuan Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Junkai Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis and Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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5
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Wen C, Li T, Huang Z, Kang QK. Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Alkanes through Homogeneous Base Metal Catalysis. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300146. [PMID: 37283443 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Preparing valuable olefins from cheap and abundant alkane resources has long been a challenging task in organic synthesis, which mainly suffers from harsh reaction conditions and narrow scopes. Homogeneous transition metals catalyzed dehydrogenation of alkanes has attracted much attention for its excellent catalytic activities under relatively milder conditions. Among them, base metal catalyzed oxidative alkane dehydrogenation has emerged as a viable strategy for olefin synthesis for its usage of cheap catalysts, compatibility with various functional groups, and low reaction temperature. In this review, we discuss recent development of base metal catalyzed alkane dehydrogenation under oxidative conditions and their application in constructing complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wen
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Zheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi-Kai Kang
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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6
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Wang Y, Dana S, Long H, Xu Y, Li Y, Kaplaneris N, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Late-Stage Functionalization. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11269-11335. [PMID: 37751573 PMCID: PMC10571048 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Late-stage functionalization (LSF) constitutes a powerful strategy for the assembly or diversification of novel molecular entities with improved physicochemical or biological activities. LSF can thus greatly accelerate the development of medicinally relevant compounds, crop protecting agents, and functional materials. Electrochemical molecular synthesis has emerged as an environmentally friendly platform for the transformation of organic compounds. Over the past decade, electrochemical late-stage functionalization (eLSF) has gained major momentum, which is summarized herein up to February 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yang Xu
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Yanjun Li
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Kaplaneris
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische
und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for
Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen 37077, Germany
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7
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Zhang P, Newhouse TR. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Difunctionalization of Unactivated Alkenes Initiated by Unstabilized Enolates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307455. [PMID: 37319375 PMCID: PMC11090370 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This report describes the first example of palladium-catalyzed carbonylative difunctionalization of unactivated alkenes initiated by enolate nucleophiles. The approach involves initiation by an unstabilized enolate nucleophile under an atmospheric pressure of CO and termination with a carbon electrophile. This process is compatible with a diverse range of electrophiles, including aryl, heteroaryl, and vinyl iodides to yield synthetically useful 1,5-diketone products, which were demonstrated to be precursors for multi-substituted pyridines. A PdI -dimer complex with two bridging CO units was observed although its role in catalysis is not yet understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, PO Box 208107, New Haven, CT, 06511
| | - Timothy R. Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, PO Box 208107, New Haven, CT, 06511
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8
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Chen Z, Li H, Liao Y, Wang M, Su W. Direct synthesis of alkylated 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives via a cascade Cu-catalyzed dehydrogenation/conjugate addition sequence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:6686-6689. [PMID: 37183637 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01960h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
An efficient approach for the direct synthesis of alkylated 4-hydroxycoumarin derivatives via a Cu-catalyzed cascade dehydrogenation/conjugate addition sequence starting from simple saturated ketones and 4-hydroxycoumarins has been developed. This protocol features excellent functional-group tolerance, easy scale-up, and a broad substrate scope including bioactive molecules. More importantly, a series of marketed drugs, such as warfarin, acenocoumarol, coumachlor, and coumafuryl, can be obtained by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Hongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Yanjing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Mengqi Wang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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9
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sclareolide-Indole Conjugates and Their Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041737. [PMID: 36838727 PMCID: PMC9961340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sclareolide is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from various plant sources in tons every year and is commercially used as a flavor ingredient in the cosmetic and food industries. Antitumor and antiviral activities of sclareolide have been previously reported. However, biological studies of sclareolide synthetic analogous are few. In view of these, we developed a robust synthetic method that allows the assembly of 36 novel sclareolide-indole conjugates and their derivatives. The synthetic method was based on TiCl4-promoted nucleophilic substitution of sclareolide-derived hemiacetal 4, while electron-rich aryles including indoles, polyphenol ethers, and pyrazolo [1,5-a]pyridine were good substrates. The stereochemistry of the final products was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, while the antiproliferative activities of selected final products were tested in K562 and MV4-11 cancer cell lines. Cytometric flow analysis shows that lead compounds 8k- and 10-induced robust apoptosis in MV4-11 cancer cells, while they exhibited weak impact on cell cycle progression. Taken together, our study suggests that sclareolide could be a good template and substrate for the synthesis of novel antiproliferative compounds.
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10
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Angyal P, Kotschy AM, Dudás Á, Varga S, Soós T. Intertwining Olefin Thianthrenation with Kornblum/Ganem Oxidations: Ene-type Oxidation to Furnish α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214096. [PMID: 36408745 PMCID: PMC10108043 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A widely applicable, practical, and scalable synthetic method for efficient ene-type double oxidation of alkenes is reported via a two-step alkenyl thianthrenium umpolung/Kornblum-Ganem oxidation strategy. This chemo- and stereoselective procedure allows easy access to various α,β-unsaturated carbonyls that may be otherwise difficult or cumbersome to synthesize by conventional methods. For α-olefins, this metal-free transformation can be tuned according to synthetic needs to produce either the elusive (Z)-unsaturated aldehydes or their (E) counterparts. Moreover, this strategy has enabled streamlined synthesis of distinct butadienyl pheromones and kairomones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Angyal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András M Kotschy
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dudás
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilárd Varga
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
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11
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Li H, Yin C, Liu S, Tu H, Lin P, Chen J, Su W. Multiple remote C(sp 3)-H functionalizations of aliphatic ketones via bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyzed successive dehydrogenation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13843-13850. [PMID: 36544736 PMCID: PMC9710215 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05370e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dehydrogenation-triggered multiple C(sp3)-H functionalizations at remote positions γ, δ or ε, ζ to carbonyl groups of aliphatic ketones with aryl/alkenyl carboxylic acids as coupling partners have been achieved using a bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyst system. This reaction allows access to alkenylated isocoumarins and their derivatives in generally good yields with high functional group tolerance. The identification of bimetallic Cu-Pd synergistic catalysis for efficient successive dehydrogenation of aliphatic ketones, which overcomes the long-standing challenge posed by the successive dehydrogenation desaturation of terminally unsubstituted alkyl chains in aliphatic ketones, is essential to achieving this bimetallic Cu-Pd catalyzed dehydrogenation coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Chang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350002China
| | - Sien Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Hua Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China
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12
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Yang S, Fan H, Xie L, Dong G, Chen M. Photoinduced Desaturation of Amides by Palladium Catalysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:6460-6465. [PMID: 36040045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A photoinduced palladium-catalyzed desaturation method that is suitable for converting the linear amides to their α,β-unsaturated counterparts is reported. The reaction does not require strong base/acid or sulfur/selenium and oxidant reagents and can be carried out at room temperature through a simple one-step operation. The protocol exhibits great scalability and functional group tolerance. The reaction mechanism has been investigated through deuterium labeling experiments, radical clock, radical capture, and kinetic studies. Mechanistic studies suggested a radical pathway involving aryl/alkyl Pd-radical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Huike Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Licheng Xie
- Huaide College, Changzhou University, Jingjiang 214513, China
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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13
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Xu B, Su W. A Tandem Dehydrogenation-Driven Cross-Coupling between Cyclohexanones and Primary Amines for Construction of Benzoxazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203365. [PMID: 35546303 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a transition metal-free, operationally simple, general method for straightforward syntheses of 2-substituted benzoxazoles from readily available cyclohexanones and aliphatic primary amines by an imine α-oxygenation-initiated cascade reaction sequence. The key to achieving high selectivity and excellent functional-group tolerance is the use of TEMPO as a mild oxidant that selectively oxidizes the reaction intermediates through its multiple reactivity modes, thus facilitating the individual steps to proceed in succession. More than 70 substrate combinations are disclosed, demonstrating the reliability of this protocol to synthesize structurally diverse products, including marketed drugs, drug candidate, and natural products that are unattainable by the existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 155 Yangqiao Road West, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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14
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Yu WL, Ren ZG, Ma KX, Yang HQ, Yang JJ, Zheng H, Wu W, Xu PF. Cobalt-catalyzed chemoselective dehydrogenation through radical translocation under visible light. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7947-7954. [PMID: 35865906 PMCID: PMC9258329 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02291e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformations that allow the direct removal of hydrogen from their corresponding saturated counterparts by the dehydrogenative strategy are a dream reaction that has remained largely underexplored. In this report, a straightforward and robust cobaloxime-catalyzed photochemical dehydrogenation strategy via intramolecular HAT is described for the first time. The reaction proceeds through an intramolecular radical translocation followed by the cobalt assisted dehydrogenation without needing any other external photosensitizers, noble-metals or oxidants. With this approach, a series of valuable unsaturated compounds such as α,β-unsaturated amides, enamides and allylic and homoallylic sulfonamides were obtained in moderate to excellent yields with good chemo- and regioselectivities, and the synthetic versatility was demonstrated by a range of transformations. And mechanistic studies of the method are discussed. The dehydrogenative reactions proceeded through selective 1,n-hydrogen atom transfer (n = 5–7) for remote C–H activation by cobaloxime catalysis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China .,Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Zi-Gang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Ke-Xing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Hui-Qing Yang
- Henan and Macquarie University Joint Centre for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Jun-Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou China
| | - Wangsuo Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China .,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Lanzhou China .,Frontiers Science Center for Rare Isotopes, Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
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15
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Xu B, Su W. A Tandem Dehydrogenation‐Driven Cross‐Coupling between Cyclohexanones and Primary Amines for Construction of Benzoxazoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biping Xu
- FIRSM: Chinese Academy of Sciences Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chemistry CHINA
| | - Weiping Su
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Yangqiao West Road 155# 350002 Fuzhou CHINA
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16
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Koike K, Ueno S. Palladium-catalyzed Dehydrogenative [3+3] Aromatization of Propyl Ketones and Allyl Carbonates. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Koike
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
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17
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Du X, Hu Y, Yang D, Huang D, Yang W, Wu H, Zhao H. Isoindolinone synthesis through Rh/Cu-catalyzed oxidative C-H/N-H annulation of N-methoxy benzamides with saturated ketones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:783-789. [PMID: 34989388 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02166d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of isoindolinones from N-methoxy benzamides and saturated ketones via a bimetallic tandem catalytic annulation has been accomplished. The reaction is catalyzed by a Rh/Cu-cocatalytic system and proceeds via the combination of Cu-catalyzed dehydrogenation of ketones and Rh-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization with the assistance of the N-methoxy amide group which also acts as an oxidant to regenerate the Rh catalyst. This method shows good compatibility with a wide range of substrates and functional groups, and provides an alternative strategy to obtain diverse isoindolinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Yuntao Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Darun Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Decai Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Wendi Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Hailong Wu
- School of Mechanical and Resource Engineering, Wuzhou University, Wuzhou, China
| | - Huaiqing Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong, 250022, P. R. China.
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18
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Mashiko T, Nagata E, Sakate H, Kamo S, Sugita K. Total synthesis of (+)- ent-vetiverianine a via Lewis acid-mediated cyclization. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01525k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We describe the first total synthesis of (+)-ent-vetiverianine A, which exhibits a 5/6/6-fused tricyclic structure, with the longest linear sequence of 14 steps, and in 12% overall yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Mashiko
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Eiji Nagata
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Sakate
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Shogo Kamo
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Sugita
- Department of Synthetic Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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19
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Wu H, Ding Y, Hu K, Long X, Qu C, Puno PT, Deng J. Bioinspired Network Analysis Enabled Divergent Syntheses and Structure Revision of Pentacyclic Cytochalasans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15963-15971. [PMID: 33860618 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We accomplished the divergent total syntheses of ten pentacyclic cytochalasans (aspergillin PZ, trichodermone, trichoderones, flavipesines, and flavichalasines) from a common precursor aspochalasin D and revised the structures of trichoderone B, spicochalasin A, flavichalasine C, aspergilluchalasin based on structure network analysis of the cytochalasans biosynthetic pathways and DFT calculations. The key steps of the syntheses include transannular alkene/epoxyalkene and carbonyl-ene cyclizations to establish the C/D ring of pentacyclic aspochalasans. Our bioinspired approach to these pentacyclic cytochalasans validate the proposed biosynthetic speculation from a chemical view and provide a platform for the synthesis of more than 400 valuable cytochalasans bearing different macrocycles and amino-acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xianwen Long
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Chunlei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Pema-Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Jun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201, China.,State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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20
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Wu H, Ding Y, Hu K, Long X, Qu C, Puno P, Deng J. Bioinspired Network Analysis Enabled Divergent Syntheses and Structure Revision of Pentacyclic Cytochalasans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yiming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Kun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Xianwen Long
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Chunlei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Pema‐Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
| | - Jun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 132 Lanhei Road Kunming 650201 China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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21
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Hu R, Tao Y, Zhang X, Su W. 1,2‐Aryl Migration Induced by Amide C−N Bond‐Formation: Reaction of Alkyl Aryl Ketones with Primary Amines Towards α,α‐Diaryl β,γ‐Unsaturated γ‐Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangqiao West Road 155 Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Yigao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangqiao West Road 155 Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangqiao West Road 155 Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangqiao West Road 155 Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University 100 Haike Road Shanghai 201210 China
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22
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Hu R, Tao Y, Zhang X, Su W. 1,2-Aryl Migration Induced by Amide C-N Bond-Formation: Reaction of Alkyl Aryl Ketones with Primary Amines Towards α,α-Diaryl β,γ-Unsaturated γ-Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8425-8430. [PMID: 33432640 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rearrangement reactions incorporated into cascade reactions play an important role in rapidly increasing molecular complexity from readily available starting materials. Reported here is a Cu-catalyzed cascade reaction of α-(hetero)aryl-substituted alkyl (hetero)aryl ketones with primary amines that incorporates an unusual 1,2-aryl migration induced by amide C-N bond formation to produce a class of structurally novel α,α-diaryl β,γ-unsaturated γ-lactams in generally good-to-excellent yields. This cascade reaction has a broad substrate scope with respect to primary amines, allows a wide spectrum of (hetero)aryl groups to smoothly undergo 1,2-migration, and tolerates electronically diverse α-substituents on the (hetero)aryl ring of the ketones. Mechanistically, this 1,2-aryl migration may stem from the intramolecular amide C-N bond formation which induces nucleophilic migration of the aryl group from the acyl carbon center to the electrophilic carbon center that is conjugated with the resulting iminium moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangqiao West Road 155, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Yigao Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangqiao West Road 155, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangqiao West Road 155, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Weiping Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangqiao West Road 155, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai, 201210, China
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23
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Chen M, Dong G. Platinum-Catalyzed α,β-Desaturation of Cyclic Ketones through Direct Metal-Enolate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7956-7961. [PMID: 33460511 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of a platinum-catalyzed desaturation of cyclic ketones to their conjugated α,β-unsaturated counterparts is reported in this full article. A unique diene-platinum complex was identified to be an efficient catalyst, which enables direct metal-enolate formation. The reaction operates under mild conditions without using strong bases or acids. Good to excellent yields can be achieved for diverse and complex scaffolds. A wide range of functional groups, including those sensitive to acids, bases/nucleophiles, or palladium species, are tolerated, which represents a distinct feature from other known desaturation methods. Mechanistically, this platinum catalysis exhibits a fast and reversible α-deprotonation followed by a rate-determining β-hydrogen elimination process, which is different from the prior Pd-catalyzed desaturation method. Promising preliminary enantioselective desaturation using a chiral-diene-platinum complex has also been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
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24
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Chen M, Dong G. Platinum‐Catalyzed α,β‐Desaturation of Cyclic Ketones through Direct Metal–Enolate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA
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25
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Gnaim S, Takahira Y, Wilke HR, Yao Z, Li J, Delbrayelle D, Echeverria PG, Vantourout JC, Baran PS. Electrochemically driven desaturation of carbonyl compounds. Nat Chem 2021; 13:367-372. [PMID: 33758368 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00640-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical techniques have long been heralded for their innate sustainability as efficient methods to achieve redox reactions. Carbonyl desaturation, as a fundamental organic oxidation, is an oft-employed transformation to unlock adjacent reactivity through the formal removal of two hydrogen atoms. To date, the most reliable methods to achieve this seemingly trivial reaction rely on transition metals (Pd or Cu) or stoichiometric reagents based on I, Br, Se or S. Here we report an operationally simple pathway to access such structures from enol silanes and phosphates using electrons as the primary reagent. This electrochemically driven desaturation exhibits a broad scope across an array of carbonyl derivatives, is easily scalable (1-100 g) and can be predictably implemented into synthetic pathways using experimentally or computationally derived NMR shifts. Systematic comparisons to state-of-the-art techniques reveal that this method can uniquely desaturate a wide array of carbonyl groups. Mechanistic interrogation suggests a radical-based reaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Gnaim
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yusuke Takahira
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Henrik R Wilke
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zhen Yao
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jinjun Li
- Asymchem Life Science (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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26
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Zhang XW, Jiang GQ, Lei SH, Shan XH, Qu JP, Kang YB. Iron-Catalyzed α,β-Dehydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds. Org Lett 2021; 23:1611-1615. [PMID: 33577342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An iron-catalyzed α,β-dehydrogenation of carbonyl compounds was developed. A broad spectrum of carbonyls or analogues, such as aldehyde, ketone, lactone, lactam, amine, and alcohol, could be converted to their α,β-unsaturated counterparts in a simple one-step reaction with high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guo-Qing Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Shu-Hui Lei
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiang-Huan Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian-Ping Qu
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yan-Biao Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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27
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Abstract
The development of novel synthetic methods remains a cornerstone in simplifying complex molecule synthesis. Progress in the field of transition metal catalysis has enabled new mechanistic strategies to achieve difficult chemical transformations, increased the value of abundant chemical building blocks, and pushed the boundaries of creative and strategic route design to improve step economy in multistep synthesis. Methodologies to introduce an olefin into saturated molecules continue to be essential transformations because of the plethora of reactions available for alkene functionalization. Of particular importance are dehydrogenation reactions adjacent to electron-withdrawing groups such as carbonyls, which advantageously provide activated olefins that can be regioselectively manipulated. Palladium catalysis occupies a central role in the most widely adopted carbonyl dehydrogenation reactions, but limits to the scope of these protocols persist.In this Account, we describe our group's contributions to the area of transition-metal-catalyzed dehydrogenation using palladium catalysis and more sustainable and economical nickel catalysis. These metals are used in conjunction with allyl and aryl halides or pseudohalides that serve as oxidants to access a unique mechanistic approach for one-step α,β-dehydrogenation of various electron-withdrawing groups, including ketones, esters, nitriles, amides, carboxylic acids, and electron-deficient heteroarenes. The pivotal reaction parameters that can be modified to influence reaction efficiency are highlighted, including base and oxidant structure as well as ligand and salt additive effects. This discussion is expected to serve as a guide for troubleshooting challenging dehydrogenation reactions and provide insight for future reaction development in this area.In addition to enabling dehydrogenation reactions, our group's allyl-Pd and -Ni chemistry can be used for C-C and C-X bond-forming reactions, providing novel disconnections with practical applications for expediting multistep synthesis. These transformations include a telescoped process for ketone α,β-vicinal difunctionalization; an oxidative enone β-functionalization, including β-stannylation, β-silylation, and β-alkylation; and an oxidative cycloalkenylation between unstabilized ketone enolates and unactivated alkenes. These bond-forming methodologies broaden the range of transformations accessible from abundant ketone, enone, and alkene moieties. Both the dehydrogenation and C-C and C-X bond-forming methodologies have been implemented in our group's total synthesis campaigns to provide step-efficient synthetic routes toward diverse natural products.Through the lens of multistep synthesis, the utility and robustness of our dehydrogenation and dehydrogenative functionalization methodologies can be better appreciated, and we hope that this Account will inspire practitioners to apply our methodologies to their own synthetic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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28
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Gnaim S, Vantourout JC, Serpier F, Echeverria PG, Baran PS. Carbonyl Desaturation: Where Does Catalysis Stand? ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samer Gnaim
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Julien C. Vantourout
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Fabien Serpier
- Minakem High Potent, 8 Rue Fond Jean Pâques, 1435 Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium
| | | | - Phil. S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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29
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Bettencourt CJ, Chow S, Moore PW, Read CDG, Jiao Y, Bakker JP, Zhao S, Bernhardt PV, Williams CM. Tandem Oxidation-Dehydrogenation of (Hetero)Arylated Primary Alcohols via Perruthenate Catalysis. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tandem oxidative-dehydrogenation of primary alcohols to give α,β-unsaturated aldehydes in one pot are rare transformations in organic synthesis, with only two methods currently available. Reported herein is a novel method using the bench-stable salt methyltriphenylphosphonium perruthenate (MTP3), and a new co-oxidant NEMO·PF6 (NEMO = N-ethyl-N-hydroxymorpholinium) which provides unsaturated aldehydes in low to moderate yields. The Ley-Griffith oxidation of (hetero)arylated primary alcohols with N-oxide co-oxidants NMO (NMO = N-methylmorpholine N-oxide)/NEMO, is expanded by addition of the N-oxide salt NEMO·PF6 to convert the intermediate saturated aldehyde into its unsaturated counterpart. The discovery, method development, reaction scope, and associated challenges of this method are highlighted. The conceptual value of late-stage dehydrogenation in natural product synthesis is demonstrated via the synthesis of a polyene scaffold related to auxarconjugatin B.
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30
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31
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Chen H, Liu L, Huang T, Chen J, Chen T. Direct Dehydrogenation for the Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Haikou Hospital affiliated to Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Haikou 570100 People's Republic of China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island ResourcesHainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemHainan University Haikou 570228 People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island ResourcesHainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemHainan University Haikou 570228 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Haikou Hospital affiliated to Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University Haikou 570100 People's Republic of China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island ResourcesHainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine ChemHainan University Haikou 570228 People's Republic of China
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32
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Zhang L, Yamazaki K, Leitch JA, Manzano R, Atkinson VAM, Hamlin TA, Dixon DJ. Dual catalytic enantioselective desymmetrization of allene-tethered cyclohexanones. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7444-7450. [PMID: 34123026 PMCID: PMC8159440 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02878a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The construction of enantioenriched azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-6-one heterocycles via an enantioselective desymmetrization of allene-linked cyclohexanones, enabled through a dual catalytic system, that provides synchronous activation of the cyclohexanone with a chiral prolinamide and the allene with a copper(i) co-catalyst to deliver the stereodefined bicyclic core, is described. Successful application to oxygen analogues was also achieved, thereby providing a new enantioselective synthetic entry to architecturally complex bicyclic ethereal frameworks. The mechanistic pathway and the origin of enantio- and diastereoselectivities has been uncovered using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Ken Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Jamie A Leitch
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Ruben Manzano
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Victoria A M Atkinson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam De Boelelaan 1083 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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Wang C, Dong G. Catalytic β-Functionalization of Carbonyl Compounds Enabled by α,β-Desaturation. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengpeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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34
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Li X, Ouyang W, Nie J, Ji S, Chen Q, Huo Y. Recent Development on Cp*Ir(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Bond Functionalization. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Wensen Ouyang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Jianhong Nie
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P. R. China
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35
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Zhang P, Huang D, Newhouse TR. Aryl-Nickel-Catalyzed Benzylic Dehydrogenation of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1757-1762. [PMID: 31847514 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript describes the first practical benzylic dehydrogenation of electron-deficient heteroarenes, including pyridines, pyrazines, pyrimidines, pyridazines, and triazines. This transformation allows for the efficient benzylic oxidation of heteroarenes to afford heterocyclic styrenes by the action of nickel catalysis paired with an unconventional bromothiophene oxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - David Huang
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
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36
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Abstract
The first asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-jatrophalactam was reported, which unambiguously determined the absolute configuration of the titled natural product. The key features entail a conformationally controlled cyclopropanation, a Meldrum's acid adduct-engaged macrolactam formation, and a Pd(II)-mediated oxidative cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Gao
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Dongyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Kuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Hujun Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Zhejiang Gongshang University , Hangzhou 310018 , China
| | - Hanfeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
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37
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Huang D, Olivieri D, Sun Y, Zhang P, Newhouse TR. Nickel-Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Unactivated Alkenes Initiated by Unstabilized Enolates. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16249-16254. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Diego Olivieri
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Timothy R. Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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