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Odubo FE, Muthuramesh S, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Anion-π interaction with alkenes: persistent complexes vs. irreversible reactions of anions with tetracyanoethylene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21030-21039. [PMID: 39051985 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02573c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of the tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) π-acceptor with oxo- and fluoro-anions (BF4-, PF6-, ClO4-, NO3-) led to the formation of anion-π complexes in which these polyatomic anions were located over the face of alkenes, with multiple contacts being shorter than the van der Waals separations. The anion-π associations of TCNE with halides were delimited by the electron-donor strengths and nucleophilicity of the anions. Specifically, while bromides formed persistent anion-π associations with TCNE in the solid state and in solutions, only transient anion-π complexes with iodides and chlorides were observed. In the case of iodide (strong 1e reducing agent), the formation of anion-π complexes was followed by the reduction of the π-acceptor to the TCNE-˙ anion-radical. The interaction of TCNE with Cl- (and F-) anions (which are better nucleophiles in the aprotic solvents) led to the formation of 1,1,2,3,3-pentacyanoprop-2-en-1-ide anions. Thermodynamics, UV-Vis spectra, and structures, as well as contributions of electrostatics, orbital interactions, and dispersion to the interaction energies in the complexes of TCNE with various anions were closely related to the characteristics of the corresponding associations with the aromatic and p-benzoquinone acceptors. This points out the general equivalence of the interactions in the anion-π complexes with different π-acceptors and the critical role of the nature of the anions in these bindings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Favour E Odubo
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA.
| | | | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Sergiy V Rosokha
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA.
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2
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Glosz D, Jędrzejowska K, Niedzielski G, Kobylarczyk J, Zakrzewski JJ, Hooper JGM, Gryl M, Koshevoy IO, Podgajny R. Influence of O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt interactions on photoluminescent response in the (Et 4N) 2{[Pt(bph)(CN) 2][phenylene-1,4-diresorcinol]} framework. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400797. [PMID: 38751354 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Tunable photoluminescence (PL) is one of the hot topics in current materials science, and research performed on the molecular phases is at the forefront of this field. We present the new (Et4N)2[PtII(bph)(CN)2]⋅rez3⋅1/3H2O (Pt2rez3) (bph=biphenyl-2,2'-diyl; rez3=3,3",5,5"-tetrahydroxy-1,1':4',1"-terphenyl, phenylene-1,4-diresorcinol coformer, a linear quaternary hydrogen bond donor) co-crystal salt based on the recently appointed promising [PtII(bph)(CN)2]2- luminophore. Within the extended hydrogen-bonded subnetwork [PtII(bph)(CN)2]2- complexes and rez3 coformer molecules form two types of contacts: the rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Ncomplex ones in the equatorial plane of the complex and non-typical rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt ones along its axial direction. The combined structural, PL, and DFT approach identified the rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt synthons to be crucial in promoting the noticeable uniform redshift of bph ligand centered (LC) emission compared to the LC emission of the (Et4N)2[PtII(bph)(CN)2]⋅H2O (Pt2) precursor, owing to the direct interference of the phenol group with the PtII-bph orbital system via altering the CT processes within. The high-resolution emission spectra for Pt2 and Pt2rez3 were successfully reproduced at 77 K by using the Franck-Cordon expressions. The possibility to tune PL properties along the plausible continuum of rez3O-H⋅⋅⋅Pt synthons is indicated, considering various scenarios of molecular occupation of the space above and below the complex plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Glosz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Jędrzejowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Niedzielski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jedrzej Kobylarczyk
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, PAN, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub J Zakrzewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - James G M Hooper
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marlena Gryl
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Igor O Koshevoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Robert Podgajny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
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3
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Berlicka A, Foryś-Martowłos P, Białek MJ, Stasiak K, Walczak A, Wójcik A, Białońska A, Latos-Grażyński L. 21-Carba-23-selenaporphyrinoid Dyads-An Azepine Unit as a Merging Motif. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314925. [PMID: 37916581 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of 10,15-diaryl-21-carba-23-selenaporphyrinoids resulted in the creation of dyads. The dimerization process follows a [5+2] cycloaddition path with the formation of an azepine unit. The arrays display two direct bonds between the peripheral carbocyclic carbon atoms of one carbaselenaporphyrinic subunit and the central carbon and nitrogen atoms of the second subunit. This results in a unique canted arrangement of two carbaporphyrinoid planes resembling an open seashell-like motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Berlicka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Michał J Białek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stasiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Walczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wójcik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agata Białońska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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4
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Bąk K, Marques I, Kuhn H, Christensen KE, Félix V, Beer PD. Fullerene-Functionalized Halogen-Bonding Heteroditopic Hosts for Ion-Pair Recognition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27367-27379. [PMID: 38060428 PMCID: PMC10739994 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Despite their hydrophobic surfaces with localized π-holes and rigid well-defined architectures providing a scaffold for preorganizing binding motifs, fullerenes remain unexplored as potential supramolecular host platforms for the recognition of anions. Herein, we present the first example of the rational design, synthesis, and unique recognition properties of novel fullerene-functionalized halogen-bonding (XB) heteroditopic ion-pair receptors containing cation and anion binding domains spatially separated by C60. Fullerene spatial separation of the XB donors and the crown ether complexed potassium cation resulted in a rare example of an artificial receptor containing two anion binding sites with opposing preferences for hard and soft halides. Importantly, the incorporation of the C60 motif into the heteroditopic receptor structure has a significant effect on the halide binding selectivity, which is further amplified upon K+ cation binding. The potassium cation complexed fullerene-based receptors exhibit enhanced selectivity for the soft polarizable iodide ion which is assisted by the C60 scaffold preorganizing the potent XB-based binding domains, anion-π interactions, and the exceptional polarizability of the fullerene moiety, as evidenced from DFT calculations. These observations serve to highlight the unique properties of fullerene surfaces for proximal charged guest binding with potential applications in construction of selective molecular sensors and modulating the properties of solar cell devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof
M. Bąk
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Igor Marques
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Vítor Félix
- CICECO
- Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
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5
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Kar R, Mandal S, Thakkur V, Meyer B, Nair NN. Speeding-up Hybrid Functional-Based Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Using Multiple Time-stepping and Resonance-Free Thermostat. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8351-8364. [PMID: 37933121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) based on density functional theory (DFT) has become a workhorse for studying the structure, dynamics, and reactions in condensed matter systems. Currently, AIMD simulations are primarily carried out at the level of generalized gradient approximation (GGA), which is at the second rung of DFT functionals in terms of accuracy. Hybrid DFT functionals, which form the fourth rung in the accuracy ladder, are not commonly used in AIMD simulations as the computational cost involved is 100 times or higher. To facilitate AIMD simulations with hybrid functionals, we propose here an approach using multiple time stepping with adaptively compressed exchange operator and resonance-free thermostat, that could speed up the calculations by ∼30 times or more for systems with a few hundred of atoms. We demonstrate that by achieving this significant speed up and making the compute time of hybrid functional-based AIMD simulations at par with that of GGA functionals, we are able to study several complex condensed matter systems and model chemical reactions in solution with hybrid functionals that were earlier unthinkable to be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritama Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK), Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Sagarmoy Mandal
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and Computer Chemistry Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstr. 25, Erlangen 91052, Germany
- Erlangen National High Performance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Vaishali Thakkur
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK), Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Bernd Meyer
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and Computer Chemistry Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstr. 25, Erlangen 91052, Germany
- Erlangen National High Performance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Nisanth N Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK), Kanpur 208016, India
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Partanen I, Al-Saedy O, Eskelinen T, Karttunen AJ, Saarinen JJ, Mrózek O, Steffen A, Belyaev A, Chou PT, Koshevoy IO. Fast and Tunable Phosphorescence from Organic Ionic Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202305108. [PMID: 37227225 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202305108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline diphosphonium iodides [MeR2 P-spacer-R2 Me]I with phenylene (1, 2), naphthalene (3, 4), biphenyl (5) and anthracene (6) as aromatic spacers, are photoemissive under ambient conditions. The emission colors (λem values from 550 to 880 nm) and intensities (Φem reaching 0.75) are defined by the composition and substitution geometry of the central conjugated chromophore motif, and the anion-π interactions. Time-resolved and variable-temperature luminescence studies suggest phosphorescence for all the titled compounds, which demonstrate observed lifetimes of 0.46-92.23 μs at 297 K. Radiative rate constants kr as high as 2.8×105 s-1 deduced for salts 1-3 were assigned to strong spin-orbit coupling enhanced by an external heavy atom effect arising from the anion-π charge-transfer character of the triplet excited state. These rates of anomalously fast metal-free phosphorescence are comparable to those of transition metal complexes and organic luminophores that utilize triplet excitons via a thermally activated delayed fluorescence mechanism, making such ionic luminophores a new paradigm for the design of photofunctional and responsive molecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iida Partanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Omar Al-Saedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Toni Eskelinen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Antti J Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, 00076, Aalto, Finland
| | - Jarkko J Saarinen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ondrej Mrózek
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andreas Steffen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andrey Belyaev
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Chemistry/Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, Survontie 9C, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 10617 (ROC)
| | - Igor O Koshevoy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, 80101, Joensuu, Finland
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7
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Rosokha SV. Anion-π Interactions: What's in the Name? Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300350. [PMID: 37526504 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The studies of the anion-π interactions advanced during the last two decades from the discussion of the mere existence of this counter-intuitive bonding to its utilization for anion recognition and transport, catalysis, and other applications. Yet, there are substantial differences in the interpretation of nature and the driving forces of anion-π bonding. Most surprisingly, there are still different opinions about the meaning of this term (i. e., which associations can be considered anion-π complexes). After a brief overview of the studies in this area (including early examples of such complexes), we suggested that anion-π bonding occurs when there is evidence of a net attraction between a (close-shell) anion and the face of an electrophilic π-system. This definition encompasses fundamentally similar supramolecular complexes comprising diverse π-systems and anions and its general acceptance would facilitate a discussion of the nature and distinct driving forces of this fascinating interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiy V Rosokha
- Chemistry Department, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, USA
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8
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Xu Q, Li Z, Liu F, You H, Xie B. Iron species activating chlorite: Neglected selective oxidation for water treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:100225. [PMID: 36507056 PMCID: PMC9732127 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorite (ClO2 -) is the by-product of the water treatment process carried out using chlorine dioxide (ClO2) as an effective disinfectant and oxidant; however, the reactivation of ClO2 - has commonly been overlooked. Herein, it was unprecedentedly found that ClO2 - could be activated by iron species (Feb: Fe0, FeII, or FeIII), which contributed to the synchronous removal of ClO2 - and selective oxidative treatment of organic contaminants. However, the above-mentioned activation process presented intensive H+-dependent reactivity. The introduction of Feb significantly shortened the autocatalysis process via the accumulation of Cl- or ClO- during the protonation of ClO2 - driven by ultrasonic field. Furthermore, it was found that the interdependent high-valent-Fe-oxo and ClO2, after identification, were the dominant active species for accelerating the oxidation process. Accordingly, the unified mechanisms based on coordination catalysis ([Fe N (H2O) a (ClO x m-) b ] n +-P) were putative, and this process was thus used to account for the pollutant removal by the Feb-activated protonated ClO2 -. This study pioneers the activation of ClO2 - for water treatment and provides a novel strategy for "waste treating waste". Derivatively, this activation process further provides the preparation methods for sulfones and ClO2, including the oriented oxidation of sulfoxides to sulfones and the production of ClO2 for on-site use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhipeng Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Hong You
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Binghan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China
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Milašinović V, Vuković V, Krawczuk A, Molčanov K, Hennig C, Bodensteiner M. The nature of π-hole interactions between iodide anions and quinoid rings in the crystalline state. IUCRJ 2023; 10:156-163. [PMID: 36692857 PMCID: PMC9980391 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252523000052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The investigated co-crystal of 3-chloro-N-methylpyridinium iodide with tetrabromoquinone (3-Cl-N-MePy·I·Br4Q) reveals a π-hole interaction between an iodide anion and a quinoid ring involving an n → π* charge transfer. The quinoid ring has a partial negative charge (estimated to be in the range 0.08-0.11e) and a partial radical character, which is related to the black colour of the crystals (crystals of neutral tetrabromoquinone are yellow). A detailed X-ray charge density study revealed two symmetry-independent bond critical points between the iodide anions and carbon atoms of the ring. Their maximum electron density of 0.065 e Å-3 was reproduced by quantum chemical modelling. The energy of the interaction is estimated to be -11.16 kcal mol-1, which is comparable to the strength of moderate hydrogen bonding (about -10 kcal mol-1); it is dominantly electrostatic in nature, with a considerable dispersion component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Milašinović
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Vedran Vuković
- Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anna Krawczuk
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraβe 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Krešimir Molčanov
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Rudjer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Christoph Hennig
- The Rossendorf Beamline (BM20), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble 38043, France
- Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholz Zentrum Dresden Rosendorf, Bauztner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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10
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Fan D, Du J, Dang J, Wang C, Mo Y. The strength and selectivity of perfluorinated nano-hoops and buckybowls for anion binding and the nature of anion-π interactions. J Comput Chem 2023; 44:138-148. [PMID: 35147229 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Perfluorinated cycloparaphenylenes (F-[n]CPP, n = 5-8), boron nitride nanohoop (F-[5]BNNH), and buckybowls (F-BBs) were proposed as anion receptors via anion-π interactions with halide anions (Cl- , Br- and I- ), and remarkable binding strengths up to -294.8 kJ/mol were computationally verified. The energy decomposition approach based on the block-localized wavefunction method, which combines the computational efficiency of molecular orbital theory and the chemical intuition of ab initio valence bond theory, was applied to the above anion-π complexes, in order to elucidate the nature and selectivity of these interactions. The overall attraction is mainly governed by the frozen energy component, in which the electrostatic interaction is included. Remarkable binding strengths with F-[n]CPPs can be attributed to the accumulated anion-π interactions between the anion and each conjugated ring on the hoop, while for F-BBs, additional stability results from the curved frameworks, which distribute electron densities unequally on π-faces. Interestingly, the strongest host was proved to be the F-[5]BNNH, which exhibits the most significant anisotropy of the electrostatic potential surface due to the difference in the electronegativities of nitrogen and boron. The selectivity of each host for anions was explored and the importance of the often-overlooked Pauli exchange repulsion was illustrated. Chloride anion turns out to be the most favorable anion for all receptors, due to the smallest ionic radius and the weakest destabilizing Pauli exchange repulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Fan
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingshuang Dang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Changwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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11
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Zhuang B, Vos MH, Aleksandrov A. Photochemical and Molecular Dynamics Studies of Halide Binding in Flavoenzyme Glucose Oxidase. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200227. [PMID: 35876386 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOX), a characteristic flavoprotein oxidase with widespread industrial applications, binds fluoride (F - ) and chloride (Cl - ). We investigated binding properties of halide inhibitors of GOX through time-resolved spectral characterization of flavin-related photochemical processes and molecular dynamic simulations. Cl - and F - bind differently to the protein active site and have substantial but opposite effects on the population and decay of the flavin excited state. Cl - binds closer to the flavin, whose excited-state decays in <100 fs due to anion-π interactions. Such interactions appear absent in F - binding, which, however, significantly increases the active-site rigidity leading to more homogeneous, picosecond fluorescence decay kinetics. These findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of halide inhibition of GOX by occupying the accommodation site of catalytic intermediates and increasing the active-site rigidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhuang
- Ecole Polytechnique, LOB, CNRS, INSERM, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, FRANCE
| | - Marten H Vos
- CNRS UMR7645, Laboratory of Optics and Biosciences, CNRS, INSERM, École Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, FRANCE
| | - Alexey Aleksandrov
- Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratory of Optics and Biosciences, Department of Biology, rue du Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, FRANCE
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12
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Liu MT, Liu DG, Qin ZW, Wang GZ. Visible light‐induced decarboxylative alkylations enabled by electron‐donnor acceptor complex. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ting Liu
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China institute of advanced technology, CHINA
| | - De-Guang Liu
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Zhi-Wei Qin
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China institute of advanced technology, CHINA
| | - Guang-Zu Wang
- USTC: University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry ustc 230026 HEFEI CHINA
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13
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Howe D, Wilson J, Rosokha SV. Solvent and Ionic Atmosphere Effects in Anion-π Interactions: Complexes of Halide Anions with p-Benzoquinones. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4255-4263. [PMID: 35737724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between the solvent polarity and ionic atmosphere in anion-π association was evaluated via an experimental and a computational study of the BQ·X- complexes between benzoquinones (BQ) and halide anions (X-). The UV-Vis spectral measurements showed that these complexes are characterized by the strong absorption bands in the 300-450 nm range and their effective formation constants, Keff, measured in dichloromethane in the absence (or at low concentrations) of the supporting electrolyte, Bu4NPF6, were higher than those in acetonitrile. The experimental data were consistent with the results of the computations, which showed that magnitudes of the interaction energy, ΔE, between BQ and X- decreased considerably with the increase in the polarity of the media. The addition of auxiliary electrolytes (e.g., Bu4NPF6) led to a decrease in the concentration of the BQ·X- complexes. These changes were related to the competing associations of the π-acceptors with halides and PF6- anions (since the interaction energies between BQ acceptors and common non-halide anions, e.g., PF6-, BF4-, and NO3-, were comparable to those in the BQ·X- complexes) and to the increased ionic strength of the solutions. The variations in strength of anion-π interactions with the solvent polarity and ionic atmosphere were related to the higher effective ionic radii of the complexes. Due to the larger effects of the auxiliary electrolytes in dichloromethane, the formation constants for the BQ·X- complexes measured at high ionic strength in this solvent were lower than those in more polar acetonitrile or propylene carbonate. Such a combination of the effects of the solvent and ionic atmosphere should be taken into account when comparing experimental data with the results of the calculations and in design of the systems for molecular recognition and catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin Howe
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, United States
| | - Joshua Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, United States
| | - Sergiy V Rosokha
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, United States
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14
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Yang C, Yang J, Gong X, Wei Y, Xu X. Investigation on the photoinduced chemical reaction between p-benzoquinone and tryptophan in homogeneous solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14947-14952. [PMID: 35686516 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01447e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and energy transfer between amino acids and bioquinones have become research hotspots, due to the important roles they play in a physiological environment. However, as classic benzoquinones and amino acids, the reaction mechanism of p-benzoquinone (PBQ) and tryptophan (Trp) is still unclear. In this work, the photoinduced chemical reaction of PBQ and Trp was investigated in homogeneous solution using time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance and laser flash photolysis techniques. Under photoexcitation at 355 nm, the 3PBQ* produced via intersystem crossing (ISC) in ethylene glycol aqueous (EG-H2O) solution followed by the H-atom transfer (HAT) from EG to 3PBQ* was a significant process in competition with the non-radiative transition of 3PBQ*, which was clearly observed in the transient absorption spectra and chemically induced dynamic electron polarization spectra. When Trp was added into the PBQ/EG-H2O solution, a new decay channel of 3PBQ* was produced that reacted with Trp to form a p-benzoquinone anion radical (PBQ˙-) and a tryptophan cationic radical (Trp˙+), indicating that the photoinduced chemical reaction mechanism was the electron transfer. By fitting the decay dynamic curves, the quenching rate constant of 3PBQ* to Trp in homogeneous solution was determined as 6.8 × 108 M-1 s-1, which was close to the diffusion-controlled rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Jiangxue Yang
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Xianling Gong
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Yaxiong Wei
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Xinsheng Xu
- School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China
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15
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Várguez PEM, Raimundo JM. Naked-Eye Chromogenic Test Strip for Cyanide Sensing Based on Novel Phenothiazine Push-Pull Derivatives. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:407. [PMID: 35735556 PMCID: PMC9220876 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and detection of cyanide are of crucial interest as the latter plays versatile roles in many biological events, is ubiquitous in environment, and responsible for several acute poisoning and adverse health effects if ingested. We describe herein the synthesis and characterization of novel phenothiazine-based push-pull chromogenic chemosensors suitable for naked eye cyanide sensing. Indeed, specific detections were achieved for cyanide with a LOD of ca 9.12 to 4.59 µM and, interestingly, one of the new chemosensors has also revealed an unprecedented affinity for acetate with a LOD of ca 2.68 µM. Moreover, as proof of concept for practical applications, a paper test strip was prepared allowing its use for efficient qualitative naked eye cyanide sensing.
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16
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Maynard JRJ, Galmés B, Stergiou AD, Symes MD, Frontera A, Goldup SM. Anion-π Catalysis Enabled by the Mechanical Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202115961. [PMID: 35040543 PMCID: PMC9303940 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report a series of rotaxane-based anion-π catalysts in which the mechanical bond between a bipyridine macrocycle and an axle containing an NDI unit is intrinsic to the activity observed, including a [3]rotaxane that catalyses an otherwise disfavoured Michael addition in >60 fold selectivity over a competing decarboxylation pathway that dominates under Brønsted base conditions. The results are rationalized by detailed experimental investigations, electrochemical and computational analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartomeu Galmés
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCrta de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de MallorcaBalearesSpain
| | - Athanasios D. Stergiou
- WestCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow, Joseph Black BuildingUniversity AvenueGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Mark D. Symes
- WestCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Glasgow, Joseph Black BuildingUniversity AvenueGlasgowG12 8QQUK
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of ChemistryUniversitat de les Illes BalearsCrta de Valldemossa km 7.507122Palma de MallorcaBalearesSpain
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17
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Maynard JRJ, Galmés B, Stergiou A, Symes M, Frontera A, Goldup SM. Anion‐π Catalysis Enabled by the Mechanical Bond. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mark Symes
- University of Glasgow Chemistry UNITED KINGDOM
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18
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Kuzniak-Glanowska E, Glanowski M, Kurczab R, Bojarski AJ, Podgajny R. Mining anion-aromatic interactions in the Protein Data Bank. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3984-3998. [PMID: 35440982 PMCID: PMC8985504 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00763k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutual positioning and non-covalent interactions in anion–aromatic motifs are crucial for functional performance of biological systems. In this context, regular, comprehensive Protein Data Bank (PDB) screening that involves various scientific points of view and individual critical analysis is of utmost importance. Analysis of anions in spheres with radii of 5 Å around all 5- and 6-membered aromatic rings allowed us to distinguish 555 259 unique anion–aromatic motifs, including 92 660 structures out of the 171 588 structural files in the PDB. The use of a scarcely exploited (x, h) coordinate system led to (i) identification of three separate areas of motif accumulation: A – over the ring, B – over the ring-substituent bonds, and C – roughly in the plane of the aromatic ring, and (ii) unprecedented simultaneous comparative description of various anion–aromatic motifs located in these areas. Of the various residues considered, i.e. aminoacids, nucleotides, and ligands, the latter two exhibited a considerable tendency to locate in region Avia archetypal anion–π contacts. The applied model not only enabled statistical quantitative analysis of space around the ring, but also enabled discussion of local intermolecular arrangements, as well as detailed sequence and secondary structure analysis, e.g. anion–π interactions in the GNRA tetraloop in RNA and protein helical structures. As a purely practical issue of this work, the new code source for the PDB research was produced, tested and made freely available at https://github.com/chemiczny/PDB_supramolecular_search. The comprehensive analysis of non-redundant PDB macromolecular structures investigating anion distributions around all aromatic molecules in available biosystems is presented.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Glanowski
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Niezapominajek 8 30-239 Kraków Poland
| | - Rafał Kurczab
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Smętna 12 31-343 Kraków Poland
| | - Andrzej J Bojarski
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences Smętna 12 31-343 Kraków Poland
| | - Robert Podgajny
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 2 30-387 Kraków Poland
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19
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Macreadie LK, Gilchrist AM, McNaughton DA, Ryder WG, Fares M, Gale PA. Progress in anion receptor chemistry. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Malenov DP, Zarić SD. New Type of Aromatic π-Systems for Anion Recognition: Strong Anion-π and C-H⋅⋅⋅Anion Interactions Between Halides and Aromatic Ligands in Half-Sandwich Compounds. Chemistry 2021; 27:17862-17872. [PMID: 34719802 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Half-sandwich compounds of benzene, cyclopentadienyl, pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, and indenyl were studied as a new type of aromatic π-systems for interactions with halide anions. Although uncoordinated benzene forms only C-H⋅⋅⋅anion interactions, and hexafluorobenzene forms only anion-π interactions, aromatic ligands in half-sandwich compounds can form both types of interactions, because their entire electrostatic potential surface is positive. These aromatic ligands can form stronger anion-π interactions than organic aromatic molecules, as a consequence of more pronounced dispersion and induction energy components. Moreover, C-H⋅⋅⋅anion interactions of aromatic ligands are stronger than anion-π interactions, and significantly stronger than C-H⋅⋅⋅anion interactions of benzene. Our study shows that transition-metal coordination can make aromatic moieties suitable for strong interactions with anions, and gives insight into the design of new anion receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan P Malenov
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana D Zarić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
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21
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The role of natural biological macromolecules: Deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acids in the formulation of new stable charge transfer complexes of thiophene Schiff bases for various life applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1572-1586. [PMID: 34743030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The ecofriendly cellulose and gelatin provided sustainable and abundant sugars: d-ribofuranose, and 2-Deoxy-ribofuranose (starting reactants for preparative synthetic green chemistry pathways of charge transfer complexes. The natural available sugars d-ribofuranose, and 2-Deoxy-ribofuranose were obtained from facile hydrolysis of cellulose and gelatin natural macromolecules. Successive, low cost and facile alkaline- and acid hydrolysis of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA, from gelatin animal source) and ribonucleic acid (RNA, from cellulose plant source) yield the simple sugars: d-ribofuranose and 2-Deoxy-ribofuranose. Eight optically and biologically active charge transfer complexes were prepared from the reaction of the above sugars efficiently intercalated with two new prepared thiophene Schiff Lewis (electron donors) bases: 2-((2Hydroxybenzylidene) amino)-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrahydrobenzo [b] thiophene-3-carbonitrile (D1, 2-((Furan-2ylmethylene) amino) 4,5,6,7 tetrahydrobenzo [b] thiophene-3-carbonitrile (D2). The chemical structures of these prepared Schiff bases were confirmed using the mass spectra. The successful intercalation of the sugar units with the Lewis bases was ascertained using powder x ray diffraction. The molecular structures of the reaction products were proposed based on FTIR, 1H NMR. The optical activity of charge transfer complexes were confirmed using UV-Vis. Absorption spectroscopy. The surface morphology, microstructures, and particle size of the donors and charge transfer complexes were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Lewis bases (D1) and (D2) showed no antimicrobial activity, while their charge transfer complexes showed good antimicrobial activity, suggesting their pharmaceutical and medicinal applications due to the potent biological activity against wide spread microbial microorganisms of Gram positive and Gram positive bacteria as well as some fungal species.
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22
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Holthoff JM, Weiss R, Rosokha SV, Huber SM. "Anti-electrostatic" Halogen Bonding between Ions of Like Charge. Chemistry 2021; 27:16530-16542. [PMID: 34409662 PMCID: PMC9293363 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Halogen bonding occurs between molecules featuring Lewis acidic halogen substituents and Lewis bases. It is often rationalized as a predominantly electrostatic interaction and thus interactions between ions of like charge (e. g., of anionic halogen bond donors with halides) seem counter-intuitive. Herein, we provide an overview on such complexes. First, theoretical studies are described and their findings are compared. Next, experimental evidences are presented in the form of crystal structure database analyses, recent examples of strong "anti-electrostatic" halogen bonding in crystals, and the observation of such interactions also in solution. We then compare these complexes to select examples of "counter-intuitive" adducts formed by other interactions, like hydrogen bonding. Finally, we comment on key differences between charge-transfer and electrostatic polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana M. Holthoff
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
| | - Robert Weiss
- Institut für Organische ChemieFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergHenkestraße 4291054ErlangenGermany
| | | | - Stefan M. Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und BiochemieRuhr-Universität BochumUniversitätsstraße 15044801BochumGermany
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23
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Islam MF, Sindt AJ, Hossain MS, Ayare PJ, Smith MD, Vannucci AK, Garashchuk S, Shimizu LS. Assembled triphenylamine bis-urea macrocycles: exploring photodriven electron transfer from host to guests. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23953-23960. [PMID: 34661219 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03000k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Absorption of electronic acceptors in the accessible channels of an assembled triphenylamine (TPA) bis-urea macrocycle 1 enabled the study of electron transfer from the walls of the TPA framework to the encapsulated guests. The TPA host is isoskeletal in all host-guest structures analyzed with guests 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 2,5-dichlorobenzoquinone and I2 loading in single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations. Analysis of the crystal structures highlights how the spatial proximity and orientation of the TPA host and the entrapped guests influence their resulting photophysical properties and allow direct comparison of the different donor-acceptor complexes. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows that upon complex formation 1·2,5-dichlorobenzoquinone exhibits a charge transfer (CT) transition. Whereas, the 1·2,1,3-benzothiadiazole complex undergoes a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) upon irradiation with 365 nm LEDs. The CT absorptions were also identified with the aid of time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. Cyclic voltammetry experiments show that 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole undergoes reversible reduction within the host-guest complex. Moreover, the optical band gaps of the host 1·2,5-dichlorobenzoquinone (1.66 eV), and host 1·2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (2.15 eV) complexes are significantly smaller as compared to the free host 1 material (3.19 eV). Overall, understanding this supramolecular electron transfer strategy should pave the way towards designing lower band gap inclusion complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Faizul Islam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Ammon J Sindt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Muhammad Saddam Hossain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Pooja J Ayare
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Aaron K Vannucci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Sophya Garashchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
| | - Linda S Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia South Carolina 29208, USA.
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24
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Kuzniak-Glanowska E, Kobylarczyk J, Jedrzejowska K, Glosz D, Podgajny R. Exploring the structure-property schemes in anion-π systems of d-block metalates. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10999-11015. [PMID: 34296241 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01713f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anion-π based compounds, materials, and processes have gained significant interest due to the diversity of their aesthetic non-covalent synthons, and thanks to their significance in biological systems, catalytic processes, anion binding and sensing, or the supramolecular organization of hierarchical architectures. While systems based on typical inorganic anions or organic residues have been widely reviewed in recent years, those involving anionic d metal comlexes as the main components have been treated with a rather secondary interest. However, actively exploring the new systems of the latter type we have recognized systematic advances in the field. As a result, in the current review we describe the landscape that has recently emerged. Focusing on the established groups of π-acidic species, i.e. polycarbonitirles, polyazines, polyazine N-oxides, diimide derivatives, fluoroarenes, and nitroarenes, we explore and discuss anion-π crystal engineering together with the structure-property schemes important from the standpoint of charge transfer (CT) and electron transfer (ET), magnetism, luminescence, reactivity and catalysis, and the construction of core-shell crystalline composites.
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25
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Loy C, Holthoff JM, Weiss R, Huber SM, Rosokha SV. "Anti-electrostatic" halogen bonding in solution. Chem Sci 2021; 12:8246-8251. [PMID: 34194716 PMCID: PMC8208320 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01863a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Halogen-bonded (XB) complexes between halide anions and a cyclopropenylium-based anionic XB donor were characterized in solution for the first time. Spontaneous formation of such complexes confirms that halogen bonding is sufficiently strong to overcome electrostatic repulsion between two anions. The formation constants of such "anti-electrostatic" associations are comparable to those formed by halides with neutral halogenated electrophiles. However, while the latter usually show charge-transfer absorption bands, the UV-Vis spectra of the anion-anion complexes examined herein are determined by the electronic excitations within the XB donor. The identification of XB anion-anion complexes substantially extends the range of the feasible XB systems, and it provides vital information for the discussion of the nature of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody Loy
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University Muncie Indiana 47306 USA
| | - Jana M Holthoff
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Robert Weiss
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Henkestr. 42 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Stefan M Huber
- Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
| | - Sergiy V Rosokha
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University Muncie Indiana 47306 USA
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26
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Pirouz M, Saeed Abaee M, Harris P, Mojtahedi MM. One-pot synthesis of benzofurans via heteroannulation of benzoquinones. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/hc-2020-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Three different reactions were explored leading to the synthesis of various benzofurans. All reactions took place under AcOH catalysis in a one-pot manner. As a result, benzoquinone derivatives underwent heteroannulation with either itself or cyclohexanones to produce furanylidene-benzofuran or benzofuran structures, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pirouz
- Organic Chemistry Department , Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran , P.O. Box 14335-186 , Tehran , Iran
| | - M. Saeed Abaee
- Organic Chemistry Department , Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran , P.O. Box 14335-186 , Tehran , Iran
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27
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Synthesis of Fluorogenic Arylureas and Amides and Their Interaction with Amines: A Competition between Turn-on Fluorescence and Organic Radicals on the Way to a Smart Label for Fish Freshness. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051404. [PMID: 33807775 PMCID: PMC7961427 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of fluorogenic arylureas and amides and their interaction with primary or secondary amines under air and light in organic-aqueous mixtures to give rise to a new class of persistent organic radicals, described on the basis of their electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), as well as UV–vis, fluorescence, NMR, and quantum mechanics calculations, and their prospective use as multi-signal reporters in a smart label for fish freshness.
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28
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Wang GZ, Fu MC, Zhao B, Shang R. Photocatalytic decarboxylative alkylations of C(sp3)-H and C(sp2)-H bonds enabled by ammonium iodide in amide solvent. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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29
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Liu C, Shen N, Shang R. Photocatalytic decarboxylative alkylation of silyl enol ether and enamide with N-(acyloxy)phthalimide using ammonium iodide. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00648g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Under visible light, a catalytic amount of ammonium iodide promotes the decarboxylative alkylation of silyl enol ether and enamide with aliphatic N-(acyloxy)phthalimide through the photoactivation of a transiently assembled chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Ni Shen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
- Department of Chemistry
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30
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Li Y, Chen F, Zhu S, Chu L. Photoinduced triiodide-mediated [3 + 2] cycloaddition of N-tosyl aziridines and alkenes. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A photoinduced triiodide-mediated [3 + 2] cycloaddition of N-Ts aziridines and alkenes is described herein. This operationally simple protocol enables regioselective access to a wide range of substituted pyrrolidines under mild-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
| | - Fan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
| | - Shengqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
| | - Lingling Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- Donghua University
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31
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Milašinović V, Molčanov K. Novel co-crystals with π-hole interactions between iodide anions and quinoid rings involving charge transfer. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01156a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Six novel co-crystals of tetrabromoquinone with iodide salts of organic cations displaying short contacts between iodide anions and the quinoid rings have been structurally characterised.
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32
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Wang S, Sun W, Zhang M, Yan H, Hua G, Li Z, He R, Zeng W, Lan Z, Wu J. Strong electron acceptor additive based spiro-OMeTAD for high-performance and hysteresis-less planar perovskite solar cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:38736-38745. [PMID: 35518393 PMCID: PMC9057253 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07254k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most popular hole-transporting material (HTM), spiro-OMeTAD has been extensively applied in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Unluckily, the pristine spiro-OMeTAD film has inferior conductivity and hole mobility, thus limiting its potential for application in high-performance PSCs. To ameliorate the electrical characteristics of spiro-OMeTAD, we employ 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) as a strong electron acceptor into spiro-OMeTAD in PSCs. The incorporation of DDQ with spiro-OMeTAD not only improves the conductivity and the Fermi energy level, but also reduces the trap states and nonradiative recombination, which accounts for the remarkable enhancement in both the fill factor (FF) and open-circuit voltage (V OC) of PSCs. Consequently, the champion PSC with DDQ doped hole transport layer (HTL) generates a boosted power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.16% with an FF of 0.796 and a V OC of 1.16 V. Remarkably, DDQ modified devices exhibit superb device stability, as well as mitigated hysteresis. This study provides a facile and viable strategy for dopant engineering of HTL to realize highly efficient PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Weihai Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Mingjing Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Huiying Yan
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Guoxin Hua
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Zhao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Ruowei He
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Weidong Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Zhang Lan
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
| | - Jihuai Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Environment-Friendly Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Green Functional Materials, Institute of Materials Physical Chemistry, Huaqiao University Xiamen 361021 China
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33
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Du J, Wang C, Yin S, Wang W, Mo Y. Resonance-assisted/impaired anion-π interaction: towards the design of novel anion receptors. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36181-36191. [PMID: 35517107 PMCID: PMC9056982 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07877h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Substituents alter the electron density distribution in benzene in various ways, depending on their electron withdrawing and donating capabilities, as summarized by the empirical Hammett equation. The change of the π electron density distribution subsequently impacts the interaction of substituted benzenes or other cyclic conjugated rings with anions. Currently the design and synthesis of conjugated cyclic receptors capable of binding anions is an active field due to their applications in the sensing and removal of environmental contaminants and molecular recognition. By using the block-localized wavefunction (BLW) method, which is a variant of ab initio valence bond (VB) theory and can derive the reference resonance-free state self-consistently, we quantified the resonance-assisted (RA) or resonance-impaired (RI) phenomena in anion–π interactions from both structural and energetic perspectives. The frozen interaction, in which the electrostatic attraction is involved, has been shown to be the governing factor for the RA or RI interactions with anions. Energy analyses based on the empirical point charge (EPC) model indicated that the anion–π interactions can be simplified as the attraction between a negative point charge (anion) and a group of local dipoles, affected by the enriched or diminished π-cloud due to the resonance between the substituents and the conjugated ring. Hence, two strategies for the design of novel anion receptors can be envisioned. One is the enhancement of the magnitudes and/or numbers of local dipoles (polarized σ bonds), and the other is the reduction of π electron density in conjugated rings. For cases with the RI characteristics, “curved” aromatic molecules are preferred to be anion receptors. Indeed, extremely strong binding was found in complexes formed with fluorinated corannulene (F-CDD) and fluorinated [5]cycloparaphenylene (F-[5]CPP). Inspired by the RA phenomenon, complexes of p-, o- and m-benzoquinones with halides were revisited. Substituents alter the electron density distribution in benzene in various ways, depending on their electron withdrawing and donating capabilities, as summarized by the empirical Hammett equation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Du
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Changwei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Shiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Wenliang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710119 China
| | - Yirong Mo
- Department of Nanoscience Joint School of Nanoscience & Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro Greensboro NC 27401 USA
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34
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Paraja M, Hao X, Matile S. Polyether Natural Product Inspired Cascade Cyclizations: Autocatalysis on π-Acidic Aromatic Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:15093-15097. [PMID: 32181559 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Anion-π catalysis functions by stabilizing anionic transition states on aromatic π surfaces, thus providing a new approach to molecular transformation. The delocalized nature of anion-π interactions suggests that they serve best in stabilizing long-distance charge displacements. Aiming therefore for an anionic cascade reaction that is as charismatic as the steroid cyclization is for conventional cation-π biocatalysis, reported here is the anion-π-catalyzed epoxide-opening ether cyclizations of oligomers. Only on π-acidic aromatic surfaces having a positive quadrupole moment, such as hexafluorobenzene to naphthalenediimides, do these polyether cascade cyclizations proceed with exceptionally high autocatalysis (rate enhancements kauto /kcat >104 m-1 ). This distinctive characteristic adds complexity to reaction mechanisms (Goldilocks-type substrate concentration dependence, entropy-centered substrate destabilization) and opens intriguing perspectives for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Paraja
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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35
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Paraja M, Hao X, Matile S. Polyether Natural Product Inspired Cascade Cyclizations: Autocatalysis on π‐Acidic Aromatic Surfaces. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Paraja
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Hao
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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36
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Maxson T, Jalilov AS, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Halogen Bonding Between Anions: Association of Anion Radicals of Tetraiodo‐
p
‐benzoquinone with Iodide Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Maxson
- Department of Chemistry Ball State University Muncie IN 47306 USA
| | - Almaz S. Jalilov
- Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
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37
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Maxson T, Jalilov AS, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Halogen Bonding Between Anions: Association of Anion Radicals of Tetraiodo-p-benzoquinone with Iodide Anions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17197-17201. [PMID: 32497382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Halogen bonding between two negatively charged species, tetraiodo-p-benzoquinone anion radicals (I4 Q-. ) and iodide anions, was observed and characterized for the first time. X-ray structural and EPR/UV-Vis spectral studies revealed that the anion-anion bonding led to the formation of crystals comprising 2D layers of I4 Q-. anion radicals linked by iodides and separated by Et4 N+ counter-ions. Computational analysis suggested that the seemingly antielectrostatic halogen bonds in these systems were formed via a combination of several factors. First, an attenuation of the interionic repulsion by the solvent facilitated close approach of the anions leading to their mutual polarization. This resulted in the appearance of positively charged areas (σ-holes) on the surface of the iodine substituents in I4 Q-. responsible for the attractive interaction. Finally, the solid-state associations were also stabilized by multicenter (4:4) halogen bonding between I4 Q-. and iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Maxson
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
| | - Almaz S Jalilov
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sergiy V Rosokha
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
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38
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Rather IA, Wagay SA, Ali R. Emergence of anion-π interactions: The land of opportunity in supramolecular chemistry and beyond. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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39
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Wilson J, Maxson T, Wright I, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Diversity and uniformity in anion-π complexes of thiocyanate with aromatic, olefinic and quinoidal π-acceptors. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8734-8743. [PMID: 32555839 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01654c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the progress in the study of anion-π interactions, there are still inconsistencies in the use of this term and the experimental data about factors affecting the strength of such bonding are limited. To shed light on these issues, we explored supramolecular associations between NCS- anions and a series of aromatic, olefinic or quinoidal π-acceptors. Combined experimental and computational studies revealed that all these complexes were formed by an attraction of the anion to the face of the π-system, and the arrangements of thiocyanate followed the areas of the most positive potentials on the surfaces of the π-acceptors. The stabilities of the complexes increased with the π-acceptor strength (reflected by their reduction potentials), and were essentially independent of the magnitudes of the maximum electrostatic potentials on their surfaces. The complexes showed intense absorption bands in the UV-Vis range, and the energies of these bands were correlated with the difference of the redox potentials of the anions and π-acceptors. Such features, as well as results of atoms-in-molecules and non-covalent index analyses suggested that besides electrostatics, molecular orbital interactions play a substantial role in the formation of these complexes. The unified trends in variations of the characteristics of the complexes between thiocyanate and a variety of π-acceptors point to their common nature. To embrace diversity and uniformity of the anion-π associates, we suggest (following the halogen bond's definition) that anion-π bonding occurs when there is evidence of a net attraction between the anions and the face of the electrophilic π-system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306, USA.
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40
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Jalilov A, Deats S, Albukhari M, Zeller M, Rosokha SV. Intermolecular Interactions between Halogen‐Substituted
p
‐Benzoquinones and Halide Anions: Anion‐π Complexes versus Halogen Bonding. Chempluschem 2020; 85:441-449. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Almaz Jalilov
- Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia 31261
| | - Spencer Deats
- Department of Chemistry Ball State University Muncie IN USA 47306
| | - Muath Albukhari
- Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia 31261
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA 47907
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41
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Li T, Yan X, Zhang WD, Han WK, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhu H, Li Z, Gu ZG. A 2D donor–acceptor covalent organic framework with charge transfer for supercapacitors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:14187-14190. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04109b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 2D covalent organic framework with intramolecular charge transfer, numerous redox-active groups and high electrical conductivity possesses a specific capacitance of 752 F g−1 and an energy density of 57 W h kg−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Xiaodong Yan
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Wen-Da Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Wang-Kang Han
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Yong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Yunxing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Zaijun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
| | - Zhi-Guo Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids
- Ministry of Education
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
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42
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Kuzniak E, Hooper J, Srebro-Hooper M, Kobylarczyk J, Dziurka M, Musielak B, Pinkowicz D, Raya J, Ferlay S, Podgajny R. A concerted evolution of supramolecular interactions in a {cation; metal complex; π-acid; solvent} anion-π system. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi00101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Comprehensive studies on a concerted evolution of supramolecular interactions with multicomponent synthon reproduction provide a new tool to describe the trapping of flat [M(L)4]2− complexes within π-acidic cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Kuzniak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - James Hooper
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | | | | | | | - Bogdan Musielak
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Dawid Pinkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Jesus Raya
- Membrane Biophysics and NMR
- Institute of Chemistry
- UMR 7177
- University of Strasbourg
- 67000 Strasbourg
| | - Sylvie Ferlay
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
- F-67000 Strasbourg
- France
| | - Robert Podgajny
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
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43
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Zeng H, Liu P, Feng G, Huang F. π-Metalated [15]Paracyclophanes: Synthesis and Binding to Oxo-Anions via Anion−π Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:16501-16511. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b09582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiren Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China
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