1
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Banala S, Jin XT, Dilan TL, Sheu SH, Clapham DE, Drenan RM, Lavis LD. Elucidating and Optimizing the Photochemical Mechanism of Coumarin-Caged Tertiary Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20627-20635. [PMID: 39023430 PMCID: PMC11295134 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Photoactivatable or "caged" pharmacological agents combine the high spatiotemporal specificity of light application with the molecular specificity of drugs. A key factor in all optopharmacology experiments is the mechanism of uncaging, which dictates the photochemical quantum yield and determines the byproducts produced by the light-driven chemical reaction. In previous work, we demonstrated that coumarin-based photolabile groups could be used to cage tertiary amine drugs as quaternary ammonium salts. Although stable, water-soluble, and useful for experiments in brain tissue, these first-generation compounds exhibit relatively low uncaging quantum yield (Φu < 1%) and release the toxic byproduct formaldehyde upon photolysis. Here, we elucidate the photochemical mechanisms of coumarin-caged tertiary amines and then optimize the major pathway using chemical modification. We discovered that the combination of 3,3-dicarboxyazetidine and bromine substituents shift the mechanism of release to heterolysis, eliminating the formaldehyde byproduct and giving photolabile tertiary amine drugs with Φu > 20%─a 35-fold increase in uncaging efficiency. This new "ABC" cage allows synthesis of improved photoactivatable derivatives of escitalopram and nicotine along with a novel caged agonist of the oxytocin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambashiva Banala
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Xiao-Tao Jin
- Department
of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest
University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Tanya L. Dilan
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Shu-Hsien Sheu
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - David E. Clapham
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Ryan M. Drenan
- Department
of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest
University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27101, United States
| | - Luke D. Lavis
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
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2
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Macias-Contreras M, Granados JP, Hernandez DS. ION Thallos-HTL: a fluorescent thallium indicator that enables cell-selective and localizable thallium flux assays. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:4748-4756. [PMID: 38804097 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00535j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ion channels are essential proteins for all organisms. Electrophysiology is a useful and commonly employed method to study ion channels, however there is a need for operationally simpler, cost-effective and higher throughput techniques to study ion channel functions in their native environments. Fluorescent ion indicators, such as Fluo-4 and Thallos, have been used for decades to study ion channel activity by measuring the flux of ions through channels of interest. In this work, we present ION Thallos-HTL, a thallium indicator that can be localized using HaloTag technology. This novel indicator enables specific labeling of cells and intracellular compartments in live cells and responds to changes in thallium concentration within these environments. We demonstrate the utility of ION Thallos-HTL by conducting a thallium flux assay using high-throughput instrumentation in a mixed cell population where some cells are expressing HaloTag and some are not.
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3
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Minoshima M, Reja SI, Hashimoto R, Iijima K, Kikuchi K. Hybrid Small-Molecule/Protein Fluorescent Probes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6198-6270. [PMID: 38717865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are powerful tools for visualizing protein localization and function in living cells. These hybrid probes are constructed by diverse site-specific chemical protein labeling approaches through chemical reactions to exogenous peptide/small protein tags, enzymatic post-translational modifications, bioorthogonal reactions for genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids, and ligand-directed chemical reactions. The hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are employed for imaging protein trafficking, conformational changes, and bioanalytes surrounding proteins. In addition, fluorescent hybrid probes facilitate visualization of protein dynamics at the single-molecule level and the defined structure with super-resolution imaging. In this review, we discuss development and the bioimaging applications of fluorescent probes based on small-molecule/protein hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Minoshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Shahi Imam Reja
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Ryu Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Kohei Iijima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
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4
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Bertaccini GA, Evans EL, Nourse JL, Dickinson GD, Liu G, Casanellas I, Seal S, Ly AT, Holt JR, Yan S, Hui EE, Panicker MM, Upadhyayula S, Parker I, Pathak MM. PIEZO1-HaloTag hiPSCs: Bridging Molecular, Cellular and Tissue Imaging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.22.573117. [PMID: 38187535 PMCID: PMC10769387 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.22.573117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
PIEZO1 channels play a critical role in numerous physiological processes by transducing diverse mechanical stimuli into electrical and chemical signals. Recent studies underscore the importance of endogenous PIEZO1 activity and localization in regulating mechanotransduction. To enable physiologically and clinically relevant human-based studies, we genetically engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to express a HaloTag fused to endogenous PIEZO1. Combined with super-resolution imaging, our chemogenetic approach allows precise visualization of PIEZO1 in various cell types. Further, the PIEZO1-HaloTag hiPSC technology allows non-invasive monitoring of channel activity via Ca2+-sensitive HaloTag ligands, with temporal resolution approaching that of patch clamp electrophysiology. Using lightsheet imaging of hiPSC-derived neural organoids, we also achieve molecular scale PIEZO1 imaging in three-dimensional tissue samples. Our advances offer a novel platform for studying PIEZO1 mechanotransduction in human cells and tissues, with potential for elucidating disease mechanisms and development of targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella A Bertaccini
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Elizabeth L Evans
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Jamison L Nourse
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - George D Dickinson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- Advanced Bioimaging Center, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Ignasi Casanellas
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Sayan Seal
- Advanced Bioimaging Center, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Alan T Ly
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Jesse R Holt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Shijun Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Elliot E Hui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Mitradas M Panicker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Srigokul Upadhyayula
- Advanced Bioimaging Center, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Medha M Pathak
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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5
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Si D, Li Q, Bao Y, Zhang J, Wang L. Fluorogenic and Cell-Permeable Rhodamine Dyes for High-Contrast Live-Cell Protein Labeling in Bioimaging and Biosensing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307641. [PMID: 37483077 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of fluorescence microscopy techniques has opened up new opportunities for visualizing proteins and unraveling their functions in living biological systems. Small-molecule organic dyes, which possess exceptional photophysical properties, small size, and high photostability, serve as powerful fluorescent reporters in protein imaging. However, achieving high-contrast live-cell labeling of target proteins with conventional organic dyes remains a considerable challenge in bioimaging and biosensing due to their inadequate cell permeability and high background signal. Over the past decade, a novel generation of fluorogenic and cell-permeable dyes has been developed, which have substantially improved live-cell protein labeling by fine-tuning the reversible equilibrium between a cell-permeable, nonfluorescent spirocyclic state (unbound) and a fluorescent zwitterion (protein-bound) of rhodamines. In this review, we present the mechanism and design strategies of these fluorogenic and cell-permeable rhodamines, as well as their applications in bioimaging and biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Si
- School of Pharmacy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Zhangheng Road 826, Shanghai, China
| | - Quanlin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Zhangheng Road 826, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Zhangheng Road 826, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingye Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Zhangheng Road 826, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Endoscopy Center and Endoscopy Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Zhangheng Road 826, Shanghai, China
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6
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Chai F, Cheng D, Nasu Y, Terai T, Campbell RE. Maximizing the performance of protein-based fluorescent biosensors. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1585-1595. [PMID: 37431791 PMCID: PMC10586770 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent protein (FP)-based biosensors are genetically encoded tools that enable the imaging of biological processes in the context of cells, tissues, or live animals. Though widely used in biological research, practically all existing biosensors are far from ideal in terms of their performance, properties, and applicability for multiplexed imaging. These limitations have inspired researchers to explore an increasing number of innovative and creative ways to improve and maximize biosensor performance. Such strategies include new molecular biology methods to develop promising biosensor prototypes, high throughput microfluidics-based directed evolution screening strategies, and improved ways to perform multiplexed imaging. Yet another approach is to effectively replace components of biosensors with self-labeling proteins, such as HaloTag, that enable the biocompatible incorporation of synthetic fluorophores or other ligands in cells or tissues. This mini-review will summarize and highlight recent innovations and strategies for enhancing the performance of FP-based biosensors for multiplexed imaging to advance the frontiers of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Chai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dazhou Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Takuya Terai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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7
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Andreeva VD, Ehlers H, R C AK, Presselt M, J van den Broek L, Bonnet S. Combining nitric oxide and calcium sensing for the detection of endothelial dysfunction. Commun Chem 2023; 6:179. [PMID: 37644120 PMCID: PMC10465535 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and are not typically diagnosed until the disease has manifested. Endothelial dysfunction is an early, reversible precursor in the irreversible development of cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by a decrease in nitric oxide production. We believe that more reliable and reproducible methods are necessary for the detection of endothelial dysfunction. Both nitric oxide and calcium play important roles in the endothelial function. Here we review different types of molecular sensors used in biological settings. Next, we review the current nitric oxide and calcium sensors available. Finally, we review methods for using both sensors for the detection of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haley Ehlers
- Mimetas B.V., De limes 7, 2342 DH, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aswin Krishna R C
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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8
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Bardi B, Vygranenko KV, Koszarna B, Vakuliuk O, Dobrzycki Ł, Gryko DT, Terenziani F, Painelli A. Novel Method for the Synthesis of Merocyanines: New Photophysical Possibilities for a Known Class of Fluorophores. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300979. [PMID: 37203589 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A new, transformative method for the preparation of rhodols and other merocyanines from readily available tetrafluorohydroxybenzaldehyde and aminophenols has been developed. It is now possible to prepare merocyanines bearing three fluorine atoms and additional conjugated rings, and the whole one-pot process occurs under neutral, mild conditions. Three heretofore unknown merocyanine-based architectures were prepared using this strategy from aminonaphthols and 4-hydroxycoumarins. The ability to change the structure of original rhodol chromophore into π-expanded merocyanines translates to a comprehensive method for the modulation of photophysical properties, such as shifting the absorption and emission bands across almost the entire visible spectrum, reaching a huge Stokes shift i. e. 4800 cm-1 , brightness approximately 80.000 M-1 cm-1 , two-photon absorption cross-section above 150 GM and switching-on/off solvatofluorochromism. A detailed investigation allowed to rationalize the different spectroscopic behavior of rhodols and new merocyanines, addressing solvatochromism and two-photon absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunella Bardi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Beata Koszarna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olena Vakuliuk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Dobrzycki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Francesca Terenziani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Painelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124, Parma, Italy
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9
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Synaptotagmin 9 Modulates Spontaneous Neurotransmitter Release in Striatal Neurons by Regulating Substance P Secretion. J Neurosci 2023; 43:1475-1491. [PMID: 36732068 PMCID: PMC9992334 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1857-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptotagmin 9 (SYT9) is a tandem C2 domain Ca2+ sensor for exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells; its function in neurons remains unclear. Here, we show that, in mixed-sex cultures, SYT9 does not trigger rapid synaptic vesicle exocytosis in mouse cortical, hippocampal, or striatal neurons, unless it is massively overexpressed. In striatal neurons, loss of SYT9 reduced the frequency of spontaneous neurotransmitter release events (minis). We delved into the underlying mechanism and discovered that SYT9 was localized to dense-core vesicles that contain substance P (SP). Loss of SYT9 impaired SP release, causing the observed decrease in mini frequency. This model is further supported by loss of function mutants. Namely, Ca2+ binding to the C2A domain of SYT9 triggered membrane fusion in vitro, and mutations that disrupted this activity abolished the ability of SYT9 to regulate both SP release and mini frequency. We conclude that SYT9 indirectly regulates synaptic transmission in striatal neurons by controlling SP release.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Synaptotagmin 9 (SYT9) has been described as a Ca2+ sensor for dense-core vesicle (DCV) exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells, but its role in neurons remains unclear, despite widespread expression in the brain. This article examines the role of SYT9 in synaptic transmission across cultured cortical, hippocampal, and striatal neuronal preparations. We found that SYT9 regulates spontaneous neurotransmitter release in striatal neurons by serving as a Ca2+ sensor for the release of the neuromodulator substance P from DCVs. This demonstrates a novel role for SYT9 in neurons and uncovers a new field of study into neuromodulation by SYT9, a protein that is widely expressed in the brain.
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10
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Dey N. An anthraimidazoledione-based charge transfer probe for dual mode sensing of calcium ions: role of the counter ion in signal improvement. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:1222-1231. [PMID: 36647619 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02342c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An anthraimidazoledione-based amphiphilic probe has been designed for dual-mode sensing of Ca2+ ions at physiological pH in a buffered medium. The compound showed deep pink color in the native state due to intramolecular charge transfer from the imidazole to the anthraquinone moiety. The addition of Ca2+ ions resulted changes in solution color to orange with a concomitant appearance of blue-colored fluorescence. The mechanistic investigations indicate that the Ca2+ ion binds to the APTRA moiety on the donor site, which leads to a blue-shift in the absorption maxima. Most importantly, because of the naked-eye response, this method does not need sophisticated visualizing instruments for the analysis. Interestingly, the counter ion showed a significant impact on the extent of Ca2+ sensing. The fluorescence response was large when Cs+ (loose ion pair) was considered as the counter ion instead of K+ (tight ion pair). Furthermore, the present system can achieve the detection of Ca2+ ions in real-life water samples and also in the presence of serum albumin protein. The high recovery values along with small standard deviations indicate the suitability of the present method in analyzing real-life samples. Finally, dye-coated paper strips were developed for rapid, on-location detection of Ca2+ ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Dey
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India.
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11
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Zhu W, Takeuchi S, Imai S, Terada T, Ueda T, Nasu Y, Terai T, Campbell RE. Chemigenetic indicators based on synthetic chelators and green fluorescent protein. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:38-44. [PMID: 36138142 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Molecular fluorescent indicators are versatile tools for dynamic imaging of biological systems. We now report a class of indicators that are based on the chemigenetic combination of a synthetic ion-recognition motif and a protein-based fluorophore. Specifically, we have developed a calcium ion (Ca2+) indicator that is based on genetic insertion of circularly permuted green fluorescent protein into HaloTag protein self-labeled with a ligand containing the Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid. We have demonstrated the versatility of this design by also developing a sodium ion (Na+) indicator using a crown-ether-containing ligand. This approach affords bright and sensitive ion indicators that can be applicable to cell imaging. This design can enable the development of chemigenetic indicators with ion or molecular specificities that have not been realized with fully protein-based indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shosei Imai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tohru Terada
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Terai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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12
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Zhou X, Fang Y, Wimalasiri V, Stains CI, Miller EW. A long-wavelength xanthene dye for photoacoustic imaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:11941-11944. [PMID: 36196957 PMCID: PMC9634815 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03947h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is a powerful biomedical imaging modality. We designed KeTMR and KeJuR, two xanthene-based dyes that were readily obtained through a 2-step synthetic route. KeJuR has low molecular weight, good aqueous solubility, and superior chemical stability compared to KeTMR. KeJuR shows a robust PA signal under 860 nm excitation and can be paired with traditional PA dyes for multiplex imaging in blood samples under a tissue-mimicking environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Viranga Wimalasiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Cliff I Stains
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
- University of Virgnia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Evan W Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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13
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A serotonergic axon-cilium synapse drives nuclear signaling to alter chromatin accessibility. Cell 2022; 185:3390-3407.e18. [PMID: 36055200 PMCID: PMC9789380 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemical synapses between axons and dendrites mediate neuronal intercellular communication. Here, we describe a synapse between axons and primary cilia: the axo-ciliary synapse. Using enhanced focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy on samples with optimally preserved ultrastructure, we discovered synapses between brainstem serotonergic axons and the primary cilia of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Functionally, these cilia are enriched in a ciliary-restricted serotonin receptor, the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6 (5-HTR6). Using a cilia-targeted serotonin sensor, we show that opto- and chemogenetic stimulation of serotonergic axons releases serotonin onto cilia. Ciliary 5-HTR6 stimulation activates a non-canonical Gαq/11-RhoA pathway, which modulates nuclear actin and increases histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility. Ablation of this pathway reduces chromatin accessibility in CA1 pyramidal neurons. As a signaling apparatus with proximity to the nucleus, axo-ciliary synapses short circuit neurotransmission to alter the postsynaptic neuron's epigenetic state.
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14
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Liu M, Zhang J, Chen Z. Emerging Trends in Fluorescence Bioimaging of Divalent Metal Cations Using Small‐Molecule Indicators. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200587. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiao Liu
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University 100871 Beijing China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University 100871 Beijing China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University 100871 Beijing China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University 100871 Beijing China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University 100871 Beijing China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Peking University 100871 Beijing China
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15
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Bachollet SPJT, Pietrancosta N, Mallet JM, Dumat B. Fluorogenic and genetic targeting of a red-emitting molecular calcium indicator. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6594-6597. [PMID: 35593406 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01792j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a strategy for the fluorogenic and genetic targeting of a calcium indicator by combining a protein fluorogen with the BAPTA sensing group. The resulting dual-input probe acts like a fluorescent AND logic gate with a Ca2+-sensitive red emission that is activated only upon reaction with HaloTag with a 25-fold intensity enhancement and can be used for wash-free calcium imaging in HeLa cells. The modular all-molecular design relying on a well-established self-labeling protein tag opens future possibilities for tuning the photophysical properties or targeting different analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvestre P J T Bachollet
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Nicolas Pietrancosta
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France. .,Neuroscience Paris Seine - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (NPS - IBPS) INSERM, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Maurice Mallet
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Blaise Dumat
- Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
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16
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Mertes N, Busch M, Huppertz MC, Hacker CN, Wilhelm J, Gürth CM, Kühn S, Hiblot J, Koch B, Johnsson K. Fluorescent and Bioluminescent Calcium Indicators with Tuneable Colors and Affinities. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6928-6935. [PMID: 35380808 PMCID: PMC9026248 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We introduce a family
of bright, rhodamine-based calcium indicators
with tuneable affinities and colors. The indicators can be specifically
localized to different cellular compartments and are compatible with
both fluorescence and bioluminescence readouts through conjugation
to HaloTag fusion proteins. Importantly, their increase in fluorescence
upon localization enables no-wash live-cell imaging, which greatly
facilitates their use in biological assays. Applications as fluorescent
indicators in rat hippocampal neurons include the detection of single
action potentials and of calcium fluxes in the endoplasmic reticulum.
Applications as bioluminescent indicators include the recording of
the pharmacological modulation of nuclear calcium in high-throughput
compatible assays. The versatility and remarkable ease of use of these
indicators make them powerful tools for bioimaging and bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Mertes
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marvin Busch
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Magnus-Carsten Huppertz
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Nicole Hacker
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jonas Wilhelm
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Clara-Marie Gürth
- Department of Optical Nanoscopy, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kühn
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julien Hiblot
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Koch
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai Johnsson
- Department of Chemical Biology, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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17
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Kumar P, Lavis LD. Melding Synthetic Molecules and Genetically Encoded Proteins to Forge New Tools for Neuroscience. Annu Rev Neurosci 2022; 45:131-150. [PMID: 35226826 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-110520-030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Unraveling the complexity of the brain requires sophisticated methods to probe and perturb neurobiological processes with high spatiotemporal control. The field of chemical biology has produced general strategies to combine the molecular specificity of small-molecule tools with the cellular specificity of genetically encoded reagents. Here, we survey the application, refinement, and extension of these hybrid small-molecule:protein methods to problems in neuroscience, which yields powerful reagents to precisely measure and manipulate neural systems. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Neuroscience, Volume 45 is July 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Kumar
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA;
| | - Luke D Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, USA;
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18
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Bradberry MM, Chapman ER. All-optical monitoring of excitation-secretion coupling demonstrates that SV2A functions downstream of evoked Ca 2+ entry. J Physiol 2022; 600:645-654. [PMID: 34957569 PMCID: PMC8810609 DOI: 10.1113/jp282601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
SV2A, an essential transporter-like synaptic vesicle protein, is a major target for antiepileptic drugs and a receptor for clostridial neurotoxins including Botox. While SV2A is required for normal levels of evoked neurotransmitter release, the mechanism underlying this role remains unclear. Here, we introduce a new chemogenetic approach for all-optical monitoring of excitation-secretion coupling, and we demonstrate its use in characterizing the SV2A knockout (KO) phenotype in cultured hippocampal neurons. This method employs the HaloTag system to target a robust small-molecule Ca2+ indicator, JF646 -BAPTA, to the presynaptic compartment. The far-red fluorescence of this indicator enables multiplexing with the fluorescent glutamate sensor iGluSnFR for detection of presynaptic Ca2+ influx and glutamate release at the same axonal boutons. Evoked glutamate release probability was reduced in SV2A KO neurons without a change in presynaptic Ca2+ entry, suggesting that SV2A supports vesicle fusion by increasing the functional availability, or efficiency, of the Ca2+ -regulated membrane fusion machinery. KEY POINTS: One of the most prescribed antiepileptic medications, levetiracetam, acts by binding a protein of uncertain molecular function. This transporter-like protein, SV2A, is trafficked to synaptic vesicles and acts to support neurotransmitter release, but the mechanism underlying this function has not been determined In this study, we sought to establish whether SV2A changes Ca2+ signalling at nerve terminals, which is a key regulatory system for synaptic vesicle exocytosis. To do so, we adapted new chemogenetic tools to perform all-optical measurements of presynaptic Ca2+ and glutamate release in neurons lacking SV2A. Our measurements showed that loss of SV2A reduces glutamate release without reducing Ca2+ influx at hippocampal nerve terminals, demonstrating that SV2A increases the likelihood that Ca2+ will trigger synaptic vesicle fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazdak M. Bradberry
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705
| | - Edwin R. Chapman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705
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19
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Chen P, Wang R, Wang K, Han JN, Kuang S, Nie Z, Huang Y. Multifunctional stimuli-responsive chemogenetic platform for conditional multicolor cell-selective labeling. Chem Sci 2022; 13:12187-12197. [PMID: 36349109 PMCID: PMC9601257 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03100k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicolor conditional labeling is a powerful tool that can simultaneously and selectively visualize multiple targets for bioimaging analysis of complex biological processes and cellular features. We herein report a multifunctional stimuli-responsive Fluorescence-Activating and absorption-Shifting Tag (srFAST) chemogenetic platform for multicolor cell-selective labeling. This platform comprises stimuli-responsive fluorogenic ligands and the organelle-localizable FAST. The physicochemical properties of the srFAST ligands can be tailored by modifying the optical-tunable hydroxyl group with diverse reactive groups, and their chemical decaging process caused by cell-specific stimuli induces a conditionally activatable fluorescent labeling upon binding with the FAST. Thus, the resulting switch-on srFASTs were designed for on-demand labeling of cells of interest by spatiotemporally precise photo-stimulation or unique cellular feature-dependent activation, including specific endogenous metabolites or enzyme profiles. Furthermore, diverse enzyme-activatable srFAST ligands with distinct colors were constructed and simultaneously exploited for multicolor cell-selective labeling, which allow discriminating and orthogonal labeling of three different cell types with the same protein tag. Our method provides a promising strategy for designing a stimuli-responsive chemogenetic labeling platform via facile molecular engineering of the synthetic ligands, which has great potential for conditional multicolor cell-selective labeling and cellular heterogeneity evaluation. Comparison of the stimuli-responsive FAST platform (srFAST) proposed in this work with the reported original FAST system (O-FAST). The srFAST could achieve not only conditional selective labeling, but also multicolor selective labeling.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jiao-Na Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shi Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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20
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Zhang J, Peng X, Wu Y, Ren H, Sun J, Tong S, Liu T, Zhao Y, Wang S, Tang C, Chen L, Chen Z. Red‐ and Far‐Red‐Emitting Zinc Probes with Minimal Phototoxicity for Multiplexed Recording of Orchestrated Insulin Secretion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhang
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yunxiang Wu
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Huixia Ren
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- Center for Quantitative Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jingfu Sun
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine Nanjing 211800 China
| | - Shiyan Tong
- School of Life Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Tianyan Liu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yiwen Zhao
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center Tianjin First Central Hospital Nankai University Tianjin 300192 China
| | - Chao Tang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- Center for Quantitative Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- College of Future Technology Institute of Molecular Medicine National Biomedical Imaging Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine Nanjing 211800 China
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21
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Zhang J, Peng X, Wu Y, Ren H, Sun J, Tong S, Liu T, Zhao Y, Wang S, Tang C, Chen L, Chen Z. Red- and Far-Red-Emitting Zinc Probes with Minimal Phototoxicity for Multiplexed Recording of Orchestrated Insulin Secretion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25846-25855. [PMID: 34423531 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Zinc biology, featuring intertwining signaling networks and critical importance to human health, witnesses exciting opportunities in the big data era of physiology. Here, we report a class of red- and far-red-emitting Zn2+ probes with Kd values ranging from 190 nM to 74 μM, which are particularly suitable for real-time monitoring the high concentration of Zn2+ co-released with insulin during vesicular secretory events. Compared to the prototypical rhodamine-based Zn2+ probes, the new class exploits morpholino auxochromes which eliminates phototoxicity during long-term live recording of isolated islets. A Si-rhodamine-based Zn2+ probe with high turn-on ratio (>100), whose synthesis was enabled by a new route featuring late-stage N-alkylation, allowed simultaneous recording of Ca2+ influx, mitochondrial signal, and insulin secretion in isolated mouse islets. The time-lapse multicolor fluorescence movies and their analysis, enabled by red-shifted Zn2+ and other orthogonal physiological probes, highlight the potential impact of biocompatible fluorophores on the fields of islet endocrinology and system biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Zhang
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yunxiang Wu
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Huixia Ren
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jingfu Sun
- PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Shiyan Tong
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tianyan Liu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiwen Zhao
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhixing Chen
- College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.,PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 211800, China
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22
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Zhou X, Belavek KJ, Miller EW. Origins of Ca 2+ Imaging with Fluorescent Indicators. Biochemistry 2021; 60:3547-3554. [PMID: 34251789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In 1980, Roger Tsien published a paper, in this journal [Tsien, R. Y. (1980) Biochemistry, 19 (11), 2396], titled "New calcium indicators and buffers with high selectivity against magnesium and protons: design, synthesis, and properties of prototype structures". These new buffers included 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid, or BAPTA, which is still widely used today. And so, the world was set alight with new ways in which to visualize Ca2+. The ability to watch fluctuations in intracellular Ca2+ revolutionized the life sciences, although the fluorescent indicators used today, particularly in neurobiology, no longer rely exclusively on BAPTA but on genetically encoded fluorescent Ca2+ indicators. In this Perspective, we reflect on the origins of Ca2+ imaging with a special focus on the contributions made by Roger Tsien, from the early concept of selective Ca2+ binding described in Biochemistry to optical Ca2+ indicators based on chemically synthesized fluorophores to genetically encoded fluorescent Ca2+ indicators.
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23
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Broichhagen J, Kilian N. Chemical Biology Tools To Investigate Malaria Parasites. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2219-2236. [PMID: 33570245 PMCID: PMC8360121 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases like malaria tropica have been shaping human evolution and history since the beginning of mankind. After infection, the response of the human host ranges from asymptomatic to severe and may culminate in death. Therefore, proper examination of the parasite's biology is pivotal to deciphering unique molecular, biochemical and cell biological processes, which in turn ensure the identification of treatment strategies, such as potent drug targets and vaccine candidates. However, implementing molecular biology methods for genetic manipulation proves to be difficult for many parasite model organisms. The development of fast and straightforward applicable alternatives, for instance small-molecule probes from the field of chemical biology, is essential. In this review, we will recapitulate the highlights of previous molecular and chemical biology approaches that have already created insight and understanding of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. We discuss current developments from the field of chemical biology and explore how their application could advance research into this parasite in the future. We anticipate that the described approaches will help to close knowledge gaps in the biology of P. falciparum and we hope that researchers will be inspired to use these methods to gain knowledge - with the aim of ending this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Broichhagen
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP)Robert-Roessle-Strasse 1013125BerlinGermany
| | - Nicole Kilian
- Centre for Infectious DiseasesParasitologyHeidelberg University HospitalIm Neuenheimer Feld 32469120HeidelbergGermany
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24
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Abstract
The measurement of ion concentrations and fluxes inside living cells is key to understanding cellular physiology. Fluorescent indicators that can infiltrate and provide intel on the cellular environment are critical tools for biological research. Developing these molecular informants began with the seminal work of Racker and colleagues ( Biochemistry (1979) 18, 2210), who demonstrated the passive loading of fluorescein in living cells to measure changes in intracellular pH. This work continues, employing a mix of old and new tradecraft to create innovative agents for monitoring ions inside living systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke D Lavis
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
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25
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Hiruta Y, Shindo Y, Oka K, Citterio D. Small Molecule-based Alkaline-earth Metal Ion Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Intracellular and Intercellular Multiple Signals. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yutaka Shindo
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kotaro Oka
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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26
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The HaloTag as a general scaffold for far-red tunable chemigenetic indicators. Nat Chem Biol 2021; 17:718-723. [PMID: 33795886 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-021-00775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Functional imaging using fluorescent indicators has revolutionized biology, but additional sensor scaffolds are needed to access properties such as bright, far-red emission. Here, we introduce a new platform for 'chemigenetic' fluorescent indicators, utilizing the self-labeling HaloTag protein conjugated to environmentally sensitive synthetic fluorophores. We solve a crystal structure of HaloTag bound to a rhodamine dye ligand to guide engineering efforts to modulate the dye environment. We show that fusion of HaloTag with protein sensor domains that undergo conformational changes near the bound dye results in large and rapid changes in fluorescence output. This generalizable approach affords bright, far-red calcium and voltage sensors with highly tunable photophysical and chemical properties, which can reliably detect single action potentials in cultured neurons.
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27
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Kumar GD, Banasiewicz M, Jacquemin D, Gryko DT. Switch-On Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Chemosensors for Cations Possessing Lewis Acid Character. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:355-362. [PMID: 33434391 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For the first time diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) have been synthesized directly from nitriles possessing (aza)crown ethers leading to macrocycle-dye hybrids. Depending on the nature of the linkage between DPP and macrocyclic ring, various coordination effects are found. The strong interaction of the cations possessing Lewis acid character such as Li+ , Mg2+ and Zn2+ with 2-aminopyridin-4-yl-DPPs, leading to a bathochromic shift of both emission and absorption, as well as to strong enhancement of fluorescence was rationalized in terms of strong binding of these cations to the N=C-NR2 functionality. The same effect has been observed for protonation. Depending on the size and the structure of the macrocyclic ring the complexation of cations by aza-crown ethers plays an important but secondary role. The interaction of Na+ and K+ with 2-aminopyridin-4-yl-DPPs leads to moderate enhancement of fluorescence due to the aza-crown ethers binding. The very weak fluorescence of DPP bearing 2-dialkylamino-pyridine-4-yl substituents is due to the closely lying T2 state and the resulting intersystem crossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dinesh Kumar
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Banasiewicz
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR 6230, CNRS, Université de Nantes, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Abstract
Over the last 30 years, confocal microscopy has emerged as a primary tool for biological investigation across many disciplines. The simplicity of use and widespread accessibility of confocal microscopy ensure that it will have a prominent place in biological imaging for many years to come, even with the recent advances in light sheet and field synthesis microscopy. Since these more advanced technologies still require significant expertise to effectively implement and carry through to analysis, confocal microscopy-based approaches still remain the easiest way for biologists with minimal imaging experience to address fundamental questions about how their systems are arranged through space and time. In this review, we discuss a number of advanced applications of confocal microscopy for probing the spatiotemporal dynamics of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Matt Reilly
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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29
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Liang Y, Walczak P. Long term intravital single cell tracking under multiphoton microscopy. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 349:109042. [PMID: 33340557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.109042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Visualizing and tracking cells over time in a living organism has been a much-coveted dream before the invention of intravital microscopy. The opaque nature of tissue was a major hurdle that was remedied by the multiphoton microscopy. With the advancement of optical imaging and fluorescent labeling tools, intravital high resolution imaging has become increasingly accessible over the past few years. Long-term intravital tracking of single cells (LIST) under multiphoton microscopy provides a unique opportunity to gain insight into the longitudinal changes in the morphology, migration, or function of cells or subcellular structures. It is particularly suitable for studying slow-evolving cellular and molecular events during normal development or disease progression, without losing the opportunity of catching fast events such as calcium signals. Here, we review the application of LIST under 2-photon microscopy in various fields of neurobiology and discuss challenges and new directions in labeling and imaging methods for LIST. Overall, this review provides an overview of current applications of LIST in mammals, which is an emerging field that will contribute to a better understanding of essential molecular and cellular events in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Liang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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30
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Xiao Y, Qian X. Substitution of oxygen with silicon: A big step forward for fluorescent dyes in life science. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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31
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Pratt EPS, Damon LJ, Anson KJ, Palmer AE. Tools and techniques for illuminating the cell biology of zinc. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1868:118865. [PMID: 32980354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn2+) is an essential micronutrient that is required for a wide variety of cellular processes. Tools and methods have been instrumental in revealing the myriad roles of Zn2+ in cells. This review highlights recent developments fluorescent sensors to measure the labile Zn2+ pool, chelators to manipulate Zn2+ availability, and fluorescent tools and proteomics approaches for monitoring Zn2+-binding proteins in cells. Finally, we close with some highlights on the role of Zn2+ in regulating cell function and in cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P S Pratt
- Department of Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America
| | - Leah J Damon
- Department of Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America
| | - Kelsie J Anson
- Department of Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America
| | - Amy E Palmer
- Department of Biochemistry and BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America.
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32
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Wang S, Li B, Zhang F. Molecular Fluorophores for Deep-Tissue Bioimaging. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1302-1316. [PMID: 32875073 PMCID: PMC7453417 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging has made tremendous inroads toward understanding the complexity of biological systems, but in vivo deep-tissue imaging remains a great challenge due to the optical opacity of biological tissue. Recent improvements in laser and detector manufacturing have allowed the expansion of nonlinear and linear fluorescence imaging to the underexplored "tissue-transparent" second near-infrared (NIR-II; 1000-1700 nm) window, opening up new opportunities for optical access deep inside opaque tissue. Molecular fluorophores have historically played a major role in fluorescence bioimaging. It is increasingly important to design new molecular fluorophores to fully unlock the potential of NIR-II imaging techniques. In this outlook, we give an overview of the novel molecular fluorophores developed for deep-tissue bioimaging in the past five years and discuss their pros and cons in applications. Guidelines for designing new molecular fluorophores with the desirable properties are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry,
State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and
iChem, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
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33
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Deo C. Hybrid Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Membrane Tension Inside Living Cells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1285-1287. [PMID: 32875071 PMCID: PMC7453413 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Deo
- Cell Biology and Biophysics
Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory
(EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany
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34
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Straková K, López-Andarias J, Jiménez-Rojo N, Chambers JE, Marciniak SJ, Riezman H, Sakai N, Matile S. HaloFlippers: A General Tool for the Fluorescence Imaging of Precisely Localized Membrane Tension Changes in Living Cells. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2020; 6:1376-1385. [PMID: 32875078 PMCID: PMC7453570 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tools to image membrane tension in response to mechanical stimuli are badly needed in mechanobiology. We have recently introduced mechanosensitive flipper probes to report quantitatively global membrane tension changes in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) images of living cells. However, to address specific questions on physical forces in biology, the probes need to be localized precisely in the membrane of interest (MOI). Herein we present a general strategy to image the tension of the MOI by tagging our newly introduced HaloFlippers to self-labeling HaloTags fused to proteins in this membrane. The critical challenge in the construction of operational HaloFlippers is the tether linking the flipper and the HaloTag: It must be neither too taut nor too loose, be hydrophilic but lipophilic enough to passively diffuse across membranes to reach the HaloTags, and allow partitioning of flippers into the MOI after the reaction. HaloFlippers with the best tether show localized and selective fluorescence after reacting with HaloTags that are close enough to the MOI but remain nonemissive if the MOI cannot be reached. Their fluorescence lifetime in FLIM images varies depending on the nature of the MOI and responds to myriocin-mediated sphingomyelin depletion as well as to osmotic stress. The response to changes in such precisely localized membrane tension follows the validated principles, thus confirming intact mechanosensitivity. Examples covered include HaloTags in the Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, endolysosomes, and the ER, all thus becoming accessible to the selective fluorescence imaging of membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolína Straková
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in
Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University
of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Javier López-Andarias
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in
Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University
of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- (J.L.-A.)
| | - Noemi Jiménez-Rojo
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in
Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University
of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Joseph E. Chambers
- Cambridge
Institute for Medical Research, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan J. Marciniak
- Cambridge
Institute for Medical Research, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Howard Riezman
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in
Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University
of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in
Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University
of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry and National Centre of Competence in
Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology, University
of Geneva, Geneva 1211, Switzerland
- (S.M.)
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35
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Bucevičius J, Kostiuk G, Gerasimaitė R, Gilat T, Lukinavičius G. Enhancing the biocompatibility of rhodamine fluorescent probes by a neighbouring group effect. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7313-7323. [PMID: 33777348 PMCID: PMC7983176 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02154g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is an essential tool for understanding dynamic processes in living cells and organisms. However, many fluorescent probes for labelling cellular structures suffer from unspecific interactions and low cell permeability. Herein, we demonstrate that the neighbouring group effect which results from positioning an amide group next to a carboxyl group in the benzene ring of rhodamines dramatically increases cell permeability of the rhodamine-based probes through stabilizing a fluorophore in a hydrophobic spirolactone state. Based on this principle, we create probes targeting tubulin, actin and DNA. Their superb staining intensity, tuned toxicity and specificity allows long-term 3D confocal and STED nanoscopy with sub-30 nm resolution. Due to their unrestricted cell permeability and efficient accumulation on the target, the new probes produce high contrast images at low nanomolar concentrations. Superior performance is exemplified by resolving the real microtubule diameter of 23 nm and selective staining of the centrosome inside living cells for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Bucevičius
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group , Department of NanoBiophotonics , Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Georgij Kostiuk
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group , Department of NanoBiophotonics , Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Rūta Gerasimaitė
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group , Department of NanoBiophotonics , Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Tanja Gilat
- Department of NanoBiophotonics , Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany
| | - Gražvydas Lukinavičius
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group , Department of NanoBiophotonics , Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry , Am Fassberg 11 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
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36
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Broch F, Gautier A. Illuminating Cellular Biochemistry: Fluorogenic Chemogenetic Biosensors for Biological Imaging. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1487-1497. [PMID: 32644262 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cellular activity is defined by the precise spatiotemporal regulation of various components, such as ions, small molecules, or proteins. Studying cell physiology consequently requires the optical recording of these processes, notably by using fluorescent biosensors. The recent development of various fluorogenic systems greatly expanded the palette of reporters to be included in these sensors design. Fluorogenic reporters consist of a protein or RNA tag that can complex either an endogenous or a synthetic fluorogenic dye (so-called fluorogen). The intrinsic nature of these tags, along with the high tunability of their cognate chromophore provide interesting features such as far-red to near-infrared emission, oxygen independence, or unprecedented color versatility. These engineered photoreceptors, self-labelling proteins, or noncovalent aptamers and protein tags were rapidly identified as promising reporters to observe biological events. This Minireview focuses on the new perspectives they offer to design unique and innovative biosensors, thus pushing the boundaries of cellular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Broch
- Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Sorbonne Université, École normale supérieure, PSL University, CNRS Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, 75005, Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, France
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37
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Poc P, Gutzeit VA, Ast J, Lee J, Jones BJ, D'Este E, Mathes B, Lehmann M, Hodson DJ, Levitz J, Broichhagen J. Interrogating surface versus intracellular transmembrane receptor populations using cell-impermeable SNAP-tag substrates. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7871-7883. [PMID: 34123074 PMCID: PMC8163392 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02794d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Employing self-labelling protein tags for the attachment of fluorescent dyes has become a routine and powerful technique in optical microscopy to visualize and track fused proteins. However, membrane permeability of the dyes and the associated background signals can interfere with the analysis of extracellular labelling sites. Here we describe a novel approach to improve extracellular labelling by functionalizing the SNAP-tag substrate benzyl guanine ("BG") with a charged sulfonate ("SBG"). This chemical manipulation can be applied to any SNAP-tag substrate, improves solubility, reduces non-specific staining and renders the bioconjugation handle impermeable while leaving its cargo untouched. We report SBG-conjugated fluorophores across the visible spectrum, which cleanly label SNAP-fused proteins in the plasma membrane of living cells. We demonstrate the utility of SBG-conjugated fluorophores to interrogate class A, B and C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) using a range of imaging approaches including nanoscopic superresolution imaging, analysis of GPCR trafficking from intra- and extracellular pools, in vivo labelling in mouse brain and analysis of receptor stoichiometry using single molecule pull down.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Poc
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Chemical Biology Jahnstr. 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Vanessa A Gutzeit
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Julia Ast
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners Birmingham UK
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Ben J Jones
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London London W12 0NN UK
| | - Elisa D'Este
- Optical Microscopy Facility, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Heidelberg Germany
| | - Bettina Mathes
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Chemical Biology Jahnstr. 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biology Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners Birmingham UK
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY 10065 USA
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology New York NY 10065 USA
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Department of Chemical Biology Jahnstr. 29 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Department of Chemical Biology Robert-Rössle-Str. 10 13125 Berlin Germany
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38
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Loredo A, Tang J, Wang L, Wu KL, Peng Z, Xiao H. Tetrazine as a general phototrigger to turn on fluorophores. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4410-4415. [PMID: 33384859 PMCID: PMC7690217 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-activated fluorescence affords a powerful tool for monitoring subcellular structures and dynamics with enhanced temporal and spatial control of the fluorescence signal. Here, we demonstrate a general and straightforward strategy for using a tetrazine phototrigger to design photoactivatable fluorophores that emit across the visible spectrum. Tetrazine is known to efficiently quench the fluorescence of various fluorophores via a mechanism referred to as through-bond energy transfer. Upon light irradiation, restricted tetrazine moieties undergo a photolysis reaction that generates two nitriles and molecular nitrogen, thus restoring the fluorescence of fluorophores. Significantly, we find that this strategy can be successfully translated and generalized to a wide range of fluorophore scaffolds. Based on these results, we have used this mechanism to design photoactivatable fluorophores targeting cellular organelles and proteins. Compared to widely used phototriggers (e.g., o-nitrobenzyl and nitrophenethyl groups), this study affords a new photoactivation mechanism, in which the quencher is photodecomposed to restore the fluorescence upon light irradiation. Because of the exclusive use of tetrazine as a photoquencher in the design of fluorogenic probes, we anticipate that our current study will significantly facilitate the development of novel photoactivatable fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Loredo
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA .
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA .
| | - Lushun Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA .
| | - Kuan-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA .
| | - Zane Peng
- Department of Biosciences , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA .
- Department of Biosciences , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , USA
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39
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Poronik YM, Ambicki F, Tseng SM, Chou PT, Deperasińska I, Gryko DT. How an Eight-Membered Ring Alters the Rhodamine Chromophore. J Org Chem 2020; 85:5973-5980. [PMID: 32252525 PMCID: PMC7590985 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Readily available phenylene-1,3-diamines can be converted into unprecedented analogues of rhodamine and malachite green possessing a central eight-membered ring in three steps. The overall process couples a cyanine chromophore with a urea bridge giving rise to new dyes possessing distinct spectral characteristics: absorption of orange light combined with a weak emission of red light both in solution and in the crystalline state. Their photophysics is governed by the twist of lateral phenyl rings and intramolecular and intermolecular CT transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgen M Poronik
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Ambicki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sheng-Ming Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road Section 4, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Irena Deperasińska
- Institute of Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Daniel T Gryko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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40
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Chen G, Cao Y, Tang Y, Yang X, Liu Y, Huang D, Zhang Y, Li C, Wang Q. Advanced Near-Infrared Light for Monitoring and Modulating the Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Cell Functions in Living Systems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1903783. [PMID: 32328436 PMCID: PMC7175256 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201903783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-based technique, including optical imaging and photoregulation, has become one of the most important tools for both fundamental research and clinical practice, such as cell signal sensing, cancer diagnosis, tissue engineering, drug delivery, visual regulation, neuromodulation, and disease treatment. In particular, low energy near-infrared (NIR, 700-1700 nm) light possesses lower phototoxicity and higher tissue penetration depth in living systems as compared with ultraviolet/visible light, making it a promising tool for in vivo applications. Currently, the NIR light-based imaging and photoregulation strategies have offered a possibility to real-time sense and/or modulate specific cellular events in deep tissues with subcellular accuracy. Herein, the recent progress with respect to NIR light for monitoring and modulating the spatiotemporal dynamics of cell functions in living systems are summarized. In particular, the applications of NIR light-based techniques in cancer theranostics, regenerative medicine, and neuroscience research are systematically introduced and discussed. In addition, the challenges and prospects for NIR light-based cell sensing and regulating techniques are comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangcun Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Yuheng Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Yanxing Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
| | - Xue Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Yongyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Dehua Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Chunyan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nano‐Bio InterfaceDivision of Nanobiomedicine and i‐LabCAS Center for Excellence in Brain ScienceSuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging TechnologySuzhou Institute of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China
- School of Nano‐Tech and Nano‐BionicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
- College of Materials Sciences and Opto‐Electronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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41
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Gerasimaitė R, Seikowski J, Schimpfhauser J, Kostiuk G, Gilat T, D'Este E, Schnorrenberg S, Lukinavičius G. Efflux pump insensitive rhodamine–jasplakinolide conjugates for G- and F-actin imaging in living cells. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:2929-2937. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00369g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent actin probes made of 6′-carbopyronines and jasplakinolide are insensitive to efflux pumps and stain F- and G-actin efficiently in living cells, allowing high quality 2D and 3D nanoscopy of dynamic actin structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rūta Gerasimaitė
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group
- Department of Nanobiophotonics
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Jan Seikowski
- Facility for Synthetic Chemistry
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Jens Schimpfhauser
- Facility for Synthetic Chemistry
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Georgij Kostiuk
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group
- Department of Nanobiophotonics
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Tanja Gilat
- Department of Nanobiophotonics
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Elisa D'Este
- Optical Microscopy Facility
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research
- 69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Sebastian Schnorrenberg
- Department of Nanobiophotonics
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Gražvydas Lukinavičius
- Chromatin Labeling and Imaging Group
- Department of Nanobiophotonics
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
- Göttingen
- Germany
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