1
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Xu W, Tao Y, Xu H, Wen J. Theoretical trends in the dynamics simulations of molecular machines across multiple scales. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4828-4839. [PMID: 38235540 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05201j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, molecular machines have been extensively studied, since they are composed of single molecules for functional materials capable of responding to external stimuli, enabling motion at scales ranging from the microscopic to the macroscopic level within molecular aggregates. This advancement holds the potential to efficiently transform external resources into mechanical movement, achieved through precise control of conformational changes in stimuli-responsive materials. However, the underlying mechanism that links microscopic and macroscopic motions remains unclear, demanding computational development associated with simulating the construction of molecular machines from single molecules. This bottleneck has impeded the design of more efficient functional materials. Advancements in theoretical simulations have successfully been developed in various computational models to unveil the operational mechanisms of stimulus-responsive molecular machines, which could help us reduce the costs in experimental trial-and-error procedures. It opens doors to the computer-aided design of innovative functional materials. In this perspective, we have reviewed theoretical approaches employed in simulating dynamic processes involving conformational changes in molecular machines, spanning different scales and environmental conditions. In addition, we have highlighted current challenges and anticipated future trends in the collective control of aggregates within molecular machines. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of recent theoretical advancements in the field of molecular machines, offering valuable insights for the design of novel smart materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yuanda Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Haoyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jin Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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2
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Severa L, Santos Hurtado C, Rončević I, Mašát M, Bastien G, Štoček JR, Dračínský M, Houska V, Kaletová E, Garza DJ, Císařová I, Cimatu KLA, Bastl Z, Kaleta J. Regular Arrays of Rod-Shaped Molecular Photoswitches: Synthesis, Preparation, Characterization, and Selective Photoswitching within Mono- and Bilayer Systems. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302828. [PMID: 37858965 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
We assembled photoresponsive mono- and bilayer systems with well-defined properties from rod-shaped molecules equipped with different photoswitches. Using properly chosen chromophores (diarylethene-based switch and unidirectional light-driven molecular motor), we then selectively targeted layers made of the same types of photoswitches using appropriate monochromatic light. UV-vis analysis confirmed smooth and unrestricted photoisomerization. To achieve this, we synthesized a new class of triptycene-based molecular pedestals adept at forming sturdy Langmuir-Blodgett films on a water-air interface. The films were smoothly transferred to gold and quartz surfaces. Repeated deposition afforded bilayer systems: one layer containing diarylethene-based photoswitches and the other a unidirectional light-driven molecular motor. Structural analysis of both mono- and bilayer systems revealed the molecules to be tilted with carboxylic functions pointing to the surface. At least two different polymorphs differing in monolayer thickness and tilt angle (~40° and ~60°) were identified on the gold surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Severa
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Carina Santos Hurtado
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Igor Rončević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Mašát
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Guillaume Bastien
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Radek Štoček
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Houska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Kaletová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Danielle John Garza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zdeněk Bastl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kaleta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Fernández-Palacios S, Matamoros E, Morato Rojas I, López Navarrete JT, Ruiz Delgado MC, Vida Y, Perez-Inestrosa E. New Insights into Acylhydrazones E/ Z Isomerization: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14739. [PMID: 37834186 PMCID: PMC10648745 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A family of acylhydrazones have been prepared and characterized with the aim of investigating their potential as information storage systems. Their well-established synthetic methodologies allowed for the preparation of seven chemically stable acylhydrazones in excellent yields that have been photophysically and photochemically characterized. In addition, DFT and TD-DFT calculations have been performed to gain more insights into the structural, energetic and photophysical properties of the E/Z isomers. Our results reveal that E/Z configurational isomerization upon irradiation is highly dependent on the stabilization of the E or Z isomers due to the formation of intramolecular H bonds and the electronic/steric effects intrinsically related to their structures. In addition, Raman spectroscopy is also used to confirm the molecular structural changes after the formation of hydrogen bonds in the isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fernández-Palacios
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.F.-P.); (J.T.L.N.)
| | - Esther Matamoros
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (E.M.); (I.M.R.); (E.P.-I.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA, Plataforma Bionand, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Isabel Morato Rojas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (E.M.); (I.M.R.); (E.P.-I.)
| | - Juan T. López Navarrete
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.F.-P.); (J.T.L.N.)
| | - M. Carmen Ruiz Delgado
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (S.F.-P.); (J.T.L.N.)
| | - Yolanda Vida
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (E.M.); (I.M.R.); (E.P.-I.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA, Plataforma Bionand, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ezequiel Perez-Inestrosa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga, Campus Teatinos s/n, 29071 Málaga, Spain; (E.M.); (I.M.R.); (E.P.-I.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina—IBIMA, Plataforma Bionand, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, 29590 Málaga, Spain
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4
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Qiu Q, Yang S, Gerkman MA, Fu H, Aprahamian I, Han GGD. Photon Energy Storage in Strained Cyclic Hydrazones: Emerging Molecular Solar Thermal Energy Storage Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:12627-12631. [PMID: 35801820 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The generally small Gibbs free energy difference between the Z and E isomers of hydrazone photoswitches has so far precluded their use in photon energy storing applications. Here, we report on a series of cyclic and acyclic hydrazones, which possess varied degrees of ring strain and, hence, stability of E isomers. The photoinduced isomerization and concurrent phase transition of the cyclic hydrazones from a crystalline to a liquid phase result in the storage of a large quantity of energy, comparable to that of azobenzene derivatives. We demonstrate that the macrocyclic photochrome design in combination with phase transition is a promising strategy for molecular solar thermal energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianfeng Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Sirun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Mihael A Gerkman
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
| | - Heyifei Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Grace G D Han
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, Massachusetts 02453, United States
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5
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Pang B, Iqbal D, Sarfraz A, Biedermann PU, Erbe A. Differences in perchlorate adsorption to azobenzene monolayers on gold formed from thioacetate and thiol precursors. Z PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2021-3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Modification of metal surfaces with complex molecules opens interesting opportunities to build additional functionality into these surfaces. In this work, self assembled monolayers (SAMs) based on the same photoswitchable azobenzene motif but with different head groups have been synthesized and their SAMs on Au(111)/Si substrates have been characterized. 3-[(4-phenylazo)phenoxy]propyl thiol (PAPT) and its acetyl group protected analog, 3-[(4-phenylazo)phenoxy]propyl thioacetate (PAPA), have been synthesized. SAMs from PAPT and PAPA have been characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ellipsometry and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The SAM-forming units of both SAMs are the same, as confirmed by IR and XPS, and the SAMs have similar surface coverage, as evidenced by analysis of the reductive desorption peaks in CVs. The tilt angle of the azobenzene moiety was ca. 75° with respect to the surface normal as determined by IR spectroscopy, i.e., the molecules are lying quite flat on the gold surface. Despite similar surface coverages, the CVs for PAPT in aqueous perchlorate solution show a typical perchlorate adsorption peak to gold, whereas the corresponding experiments with PAPA show no perchlorate adsorption at all. In conclusion, SAM formation can lead to an increase in the number of electrochemically accessible surface sites on the final, SAM covered surface. Whether the amount of such sites increases or decreases, depends on the precursor. The precursor most likely affects the adsorption mechanism and thus the atomic surface structure of the metal at the metal/SAM interface. Thus, details of the SAM formation mechanism, which is affected by the precursor used, can have quite strong effects on the electrochemical properties, and likely also electrocatalytic properties, of the resulting modified surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Pang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Adnan Sarfraz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - P. Ulrich Biedermann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH , Max-Planck-Str., 1, 40237 Düsseldorf , Germany
| | - Andreas Erbe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
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6
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Sengupta R, Raghavendra, Pooja RG, Gupta SK, Kumar B, Joshi RS. Magnetic Surfaces for Photo-Isomerization of Azobenzene Based Polymer Probed Using Magneto Optical Method. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01594-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Shao F, Zheng L, Lan J, Zenobi R. Nanoscale Chemical Imaging of Coadsorbed Thiolate Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111) by Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1645-1653. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Liqing Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jinggang Lan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Volarić J, Szymanski W, Simeth NA, Feringa BL. Molecular photoswitches in aqueous environments. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12377-12449. [PMID: 34590636 PMCID: PMC8591629 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00547a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Molecular photoswitches enable dynamic control of processes with high spatiotemporal precision, using light as external stimulus, and hence are ideal tools for different research areas spanning from chemical biology to smart materials. Photoswitches are typically organic molecules that feature extended aromatic systems to make them responsive to (visible) light. However, this renders them inherently lipophilic, while water-solubility is of crucial importance to apply photoswitchable organic molecules in biological systems, like in the rapidly emerging field of photopharmacology. Several strategies for solubilizing organic molecules in water are known, but there are not yet clear rules for applying them to photoswitchable molecules. Importantly, rendering photoswitches water-soluble has a serious impact on both their photophysical and biological properties, which must be taken into consideration when designing new systems. Altogether, these aspects pose considerable challenges for successfully applying molecular photoswitches in aqueous systems, and in particular in biologically relevant media. In this review, we focus on fully water-soluble photoswitches, such as those used in biological environments, in both in vitro and in vivo studies. We discuss the design principles and prospects for water-soluble photoswitches to inspire and enable their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Volarić
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nadja A Simeth
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Centre for Systems Chemistry, Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty for Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Yang S, Harris JD, Lambai A, Jeliazkov LL, Mohanty G, Zeng H, Priimagi A, Aprahamian I. Multistage Reversible Tg Photomodulation and Hardening of Hydrazone-Containing Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16348-16353. [PMID: 34590854 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The glass transition temperature (Tg) of a series of polyacrylate- and polymethacrylate-based polymers having bistable hydrazone photoswitches as pendants increases upon photoisomerization. The ensuing photohardening of the polymeric network was corroborated using nanoindentation measurements. The bistability of the switch allowed us to lock-in and sustain multiple Tg values in the same polymeric material as a function of the hydrazone switch's Z/E isomer ratio, even at elevated temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Jared D Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Aloshious Lambai
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Laura L Jeliazkov
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Gaurav Mohanty
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Hao Zeng
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Arri Priimagi
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, Tampere, 33720 Finland
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, United States
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10
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Mravec B, Marini A, Tommasini M, Filo J, Cigáň M, Mantero M, Tosi S, Canepa M, Bianco A. Structural and Spectroscopic Properties of Benzoylpyridine‐Based Hydrazones. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:533-541. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Mravec
- Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Anna Marini
- Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica Politecnico di Milano P.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Juraj Filo
- Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Marek Cigáň
- Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Ilkovičova 6, 842 15 Bratislava Slovakia
| | | | - Silvano Tosi
- Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy
- INFN Sezione di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy
| | - Maurizio Canepa
- OPTMATLAB Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 Genova 16146 Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera via Bianchi 46 23807 Merate Italy
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11
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Hazarika PJ, Gupta P, Gunnam A, Allu S, Nangia AK, Nath NK. Photomechanical response of sulfonylhydrazone molecular crystals. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00478f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Photomechanical responses of the single crystals of a series of sulfonylhydrazones are explored for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragyan J. Hazarika
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Meghalaya 793003
- India
| | - Poonam Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Meghalaya 793003
- India
| | | | | | | | - Naba K. Nath
- Department of Chemistry
- National Institute of Technology
- Meghalaya 793003
- India
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12
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Zhao W, Liu Z, Yu J, Lu X, Lam JWY, Sun J, He Z, Ma H, Tang BZ. Turning On Solid-State Luminescence by Phototriggered Subtle Molecular Conformation Variations. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2006844. [PMID: 33270285 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202006844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The development of solid-state intelligent materials, in particular those showing photoresponsive luminescence (PRL), is highly desirable for their cutting-edge applications in sensors, displays, data-storage, and anti-counterfeiting, but is challenging. Few PRL materials are constructed by tethering the classic photochromic systems with newly-emerged solid-state emitters. Selective solid-state photoreactions are demanded to precisely manipulate the luminescent behavior of these emitters, which require dramatic structural change and enough free space, thus limiting the scope of the PRL family. Here, a new PRL material, TPE-4N, that features sensitive and reversible fluorescence switching is reported. The interesting on-off luminescent property of TPE-4N can be facilely tuned through fast phototriggering and thermal annealing. Experimental and theoretical investigations reveal that subtle molecular conformation variation induces the corresponding PRL behavior. The crystalline and amorphous state endows an efficient and weak ISC process, respectively, to turn on and off the emission. The readily fabricated thin-film of TPE-4N exhibits non-destructive PRL behavior with high contrast (>102 ), good light transmittance (>72.3%), and great durability and reversibility under room light for months. Remarkably, a uniform thin-film with such fascinating PRL properties allows high-tech applications in invisible anti-counterfeiting and dynamic optical data storage with micro-resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhiyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, HIT Campus of University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jinyan Sun
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, HIT Campus of University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zikai He
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, HIT Campus of University Town, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research, Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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13
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The mechanodonor-acceptor coupling (MDAC) approach for unidirectional multi-state fluorochromism. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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14
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Sartin MM, Su HS, Wang X, Ren B. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for nanoscale probing of dynamic chemical systems. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:170901. [PMID: 33167627 DOI: 10.1063/5.0027917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamics are fundamental to all aspects of chemistry and play a central role in the mechanism and product distribution of a chemical reaction. All dynamic processes are influenced by the local environment, so it is of fundamental and practical value to understand the structure of the environment and the dynamics with nanoscale resolution. Most techniques for measuring dynamic processes have microscopic spatial resolution and can only measure the average behavior of a large ensemble of sites within their sampling volumes. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is a powerful tool for overcoming this limitation due to its combination of high chemical specificity and spatial resolution that is on the nanometer scale. Adapting it for the study of dynamic systems remains a work in progress, but the increasing sophistication of TERS is making such studies more routine, and there are now growing efforts to use TERS to examine more complex processes. This Perspective aims to promote development in this area of research by highlighting recent progress in using TERS to understand reacting and dynamic systems, ranging from simple model reactions to complex processes with practical applications. We discuss the unique challenges and opportunities that TERS presents for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Sartin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Hai-Sheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Colin-Molina A, Velázquez-Chávez D, Jellen MJ, Rodríguez-Cortés LA, Cifuentes-Quintal ME, Merino G, Rodríguez-Molina B. Dynamic characterization of crystalline fluorophores with conformationally flexible tetrahydrocarbazole frameworks. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00423e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent compounds 2 and 3 have been prepared by using Ullmann-type coupling reactions. Solid-state NMR (13C CPMAS and 2H) and periodic DFT computations were used to determine that intramolecular motion coexists with emission in these crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Colin-Molina
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Circuito Exterior
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Ciudad de México
| | - Diego Velázquez-Chávez
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Circuito Exterior
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Ciudad de México
| | - Marcus J. Jellen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Lizbeth A. Rodríguez-Cortés
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Circuito Exterior
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Ciudad de México
| | | | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados
- Mérida
- México
| | - Braulio Rodríguez-Molina
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Circuito Exterior
- Ciudad Universitaria
- Ciudad de México
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