1
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Suleymanov AA, He Q, Müller P, Swager TM. Highly Contorted Rigid Nitrogen-Rich Nanographene with Four Heptagons. Org Lett 2024; 26:5227-5231. [PMID: 38536955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Nucleophilic substitution of 9,10-dichlorooctafluoroanthracene with 3,4-diethylpyrrole and subsequent Scholl reaction give the annularly fused decapyrrollyl anthracene. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed a highly contorted geometry induced by a combination of adjacent heptagons, forming a unique 7-7-6-7-7 topology. The end-to-end twist angle along the acene moiety is 90°. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal 6-electron oxidation waves. Density functional theory calculations provided further insights into the aromaticity and electronic properties of this highly twisted, nitrogen-rich nanographene. The structural rigidity and high racemization energy barrier have been studied theoretically and experimentally by VT-NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdusalom A Suleymanov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Qilin He
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Timothy M Swager
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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2
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Hamamoto Y, Ochiai K, Li Y, Tapavicza E, Ito S. Synthesis and Properties of Azahomocorannulenyl Cations and Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319022. [PMID: 38153357 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Cycloheptatrienyl (tropyl) molecules are representative non-alternant hydrocarbons that offer interesting chemistry because of their unique structures and properties. However, there have been a limited number of polycyclic aromatic tropyl cations and radicals reported in the literature. Herein, we report the synthesis of a series of azahomocorannulene derivatives, where the key reactions are a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides with dibenzotropone and a subsequent palladium-catalyzed cyclization. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the obtained azahomocorannulenyl cation and radical adopt planar structures and exhibit unique packing structures. Their electronic and optical properties were investigated experimentally and theoretically to reveal their aromatic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hamamoto
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Kotaro Ochiai
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Enrico Tapavicza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - Shingo Ito
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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3
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Zheng X, Drummer MC, He H, Rayder TM, Niklas J, Weingartz NP, Bolotin IL, Singh V, Kramar BV, Chen LX, Hupp JT, Poluektov OG, Farha OK, Zapol P, Glusac KD. Photoreactive Carbon Dioxide Capture by a Zirconium-Nanographene Metal-Organic Framework. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4334-4341. [PMID: 37133894 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of photochemical CO2 reduction to formate by PCN-136, a Zr-based metal-organic framework (MOF) that incorporates light-harvesting nanographene ligands, has been investigated using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The catalysis was found to proceed via a "photoreactive capture" mechanism, where Zr-based nodes serve to capture CO2 in the form of Zr-bicarbonates, while the nanographene ligands have a dual role of absorbing light and storing one-electron equivalents for catalysis. We also find that the process occurs via a "two-for-one" route, where a single photon initiates a cascade of electron/hydrogen atom transfers from the sacrificial donor to the CO2-bound MOF. The mechanistic findings obtained here illustrate several advantages of MOF-based architectures in molecular photocatalyst engineering and provide insights on ways to achieve high formate selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Matthew C Drummer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Haiying He
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, United States
| | - Thomas M Rayder
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jens Niklas
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Nicholas P Weingartz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Igor L Bolotin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Varun Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Boris V Kramar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lin X Chen
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Oleg G Poluektov
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Peter Zapol
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Ksenija D Glusac
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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4
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Kumar R, Chmielewski PJ, Lis T, Volkmer D, Stępień M. Tridecacyclene Tetraimide: An Easily Reduced Cyclooctatetraene Derivative. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207486. [PMID: 35819871 PMCID: PMC9545420 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Tridecacyclene tetraimide, TCTI, an electron-deficient non-benzenoid nanocarbon with a C56 N4 polycyclic framework was obtained in a concise synthesis. TCTI has a non-planar structure and forms π-stacked dimers in the solid state. In solution, it undergoes eight single-electron reductions, yielding a range of negatively charged states up to an octaanion. Except for the latter species, which has a remarkably large electronic gap, the anions feature extended near-infrared absorptions, with a particularly strong band at 1692 nm observed for the dianion. A computational analysis of the TCTI anions shows that their stability originates from the combined effects of electron-deficient imide groups and the local aromaticity of reduced acenaphthylene units. The properties of TCTI make it potentially useful in electrochromic and charge storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot-Curie 1450-383WrocławPoland
| | | | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot-Curie 1450-383WrocławPoland
| | - Dirk Volkmer
- Institute of PhysicsChair of Solid State and Materials ScienceAugsburg UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot-Curie 1450-383WrocławPoland
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5
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Kumar R, Chmielewski P, Lis T, Volkmer D, Stępień M. Tridecacyclene Tetraimide: An Easily Reduced Cyclooctatetraene Derivative. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- University of Wroclaw: Uniwersytet Wroclawski Faculty of Chemistry POLAND
| | - Piotr Chmielewski
- University of Wroclaw: Uniwersytet Wroclawski Faculty of Chemistry POLAND
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- University of Wroclaw: Uniwersytet Wroclawski Faculty of Chemistry POLAND
| | - Dirk Volkmer
- Augsburg University Institute of Physics, Chair of Solid State and Materials Science GERMANY
| | - Marcin Stępień
- University of Wroclaw Department of Chemistry ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wroclaw POLAND
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6
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Maurya YK, Chmielewski PJ, Cybińska J, Prajapati B, Lis T, Kang S, Lee S, Kim D, Stępień M. Naphthalimide-Fused Dipyrrins: Tunable Halochromic Switches and Photothermal NIR-II Dyes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105886. [PMID: 35174648 PMCID: PMC9259717 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A family of tunable halochromic switches is developed using a naphthalimide-fused dipyrrin as the core π-conjugated motif. Electronic properties of these dipyrrins are tuned by substitution of their alpha and meso positions with aryl groups of variable donor-acceptor strength. The first protonation results in a conformational change that enhances electronic coupling between the dipyrrin chromophore and the meso substituent, leading to halochromic effects that occasionally exceed 200 nm and switch the absorption between the near-infrared (NIR)-I and NIR-II ranges. A NIR-II photothermal effect, switchable by acid-base chemistry is demonstrated for selected dipyrrins. Further protonation is possible for derivatives bearing additional amino groups, leading to up to four halochromic switching step. The most electron-rich dipyrrins are also susceptible to chemical oxidation, yielding NIR-absorbing radical cations and closed-shell dications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar Maurya
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot‐Curie 14Wrocław50‐383Poland
| | | | - Joanna Cybińska
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot‐Curie 14Wrocław50‐383Poland
- PORT – Polski Ośrodek Rozwoju Technologiiul. Stabłowicka 147Wrocław54‐066Poland
| | - Bibek Prajapati
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot‐Curie 14Wrocław50‐383Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot‐Curie 14Wrocław50‐383Poland
| | - Seongsoo Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π‐Electronic SystemsYonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea
| | - Seokwon Lee
- PORT – Polski Ośrodek Rozwoju Technologiiul. Stabłowicka 147Wrocław54‐066Poland
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π‐Electronic SystemsYonsei UniversitySeoul03722Korea
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot‐Curie 14Wrocław50‐383Poland
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7
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Kumar S, Maurya YK, Lis T, Stępień M. Synthesis of a donor-acceptor heterodimer via trifunctional completive self-sorting. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3204. [PMID: 35680883 PMCID: PMC9184498 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective self-assembly of heterodimers consisting of two non-identical subunits plays important roles in Nature but is rarely encountered in synthetic supramolecular systems. Here we show that photocleavage of a donor–acceptor porphyrin complex produces an heterodimeric structure with surprising selectivity. The system forms via a multi-step sequence that starts with an oxidative ring opening, which produces an equimolar mixture of two isomeric degradation products (zinc(II) bilatrien-abc-ones, BTOs). These two isomers are susceptible to water addition, yielding the corresponding zinc(II) 15-hydroxybiladien-ab-ones (HBDOs). However, in the photocleavage experiment only one HBDO isomer is formed, and it quantitatively combines with the remaining BTO isomer. The resulting heterodimer is stabilized by a Zn–O coordination bond and extended dispersion interactions between the overlapping π-surfaces of the monomers. The observed selectivity can be seen as a case of completive self-sorting, simultaneously controlled by three types of complementary interactions. The preparation of heterodimeric structures via self-assembly processes is challenging. Here, the authors report the photooxidation of a donor–acceptor metalloporphyrin, which enables a self-sorting process that yields an heterodimer quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunit Kumar
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yogesh Kumar Maurya
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland.
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8
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Mahl M, Niyas MA, Shoyama K, Würthner F. Multilayer stacks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Nat Chem 2022; 14:457-462. [DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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9
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Zhang R, Ellern A, Winter AH. Steric Hindrance Favors σ Dimerization over π Dimerization for Julolidine Dicyanomethyl Radicals. J Org Chem 2022; 87:1507-1511. [PMID: 34985897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Metastable radicals exist in a steady-state equilibrium in solution with dimers, which can be either σ dimers or π dimers. Here, we show that steric hindrance at the para position causes julolidine-derived dicyanomethyl radicals to form σ dimers rather than π dimers, the opposite behavior as seen in other carbon-centered radicals, where steric hindrance typically favors pimerization. The change in dimerization mode can be attributed to weaker London dispersion forces and a decreased orbital overlap in the sterically hindered dicyanomethyl radical π dimers, while the bulky groups exert relatively little effect on the energy of the σ dimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1651 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1651 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Arthur H Winter
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, 1651 Gilman Hall, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
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10
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Knippen K, Matuszczyk D, Kraft M, Bredenkötter B, Eickerling G, Lis T, Volkmer D, Stępień M. Acenaphtho[1,2-d][1,2,3]triazole and Its Kuratowski Complex: A π-Extended Tecton for Supramolecular and Coordinative Self-Assembly. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103480. [PMID: 34713520 PMCID: PMC9299806 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
π-Extended acenaphtho[1,2-d][1,2,3]triazoles, the unsubstituted Anta-H and its di-tert-butyl derivative Dibanta-H, as well as 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1H-naphtho[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazole Cybta-H were obtained in concise syntheses. In the solid state, Dibanta-H forms an unprecedented hydrogen-bonded cyclic tetrad, stabilized by dispersion interactions of the bulky tBu substituents, whereas a cyclic triad was found in the crystal structure of Anta-H. These cyclic assemblies form infinite slipped stacks in the crystals. Evidence for analogous hydrogen-bonded self-assembly in solution was provided by low-temperature NMR spectroscopy and computational analyses. Kuratowski-type pentanuclear complexes [Zn5 Cl4 (Dibanta)6 ] and [Zn5 Cl4 (Cybta)6 ] were prepared from the respective triazoles. In the Dibanta complexes, the π-aromatic surfaces of the ligands extend from the edges of the tetrahedral Zn5 core, yielding an enlarged structure with significant internal molecular free volume and red-shifted fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Knippen
- Institute of PhysicsChair of Solid State and Materials ScienceAugsburg UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Daniel Matuszczyk
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot-Curie 1450-383WrocławPoland
| | - Maryana Kraft
- Institute of PhysicsChair of Solid State and Materials ScienceAugsburg UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Björn Bredenkötter
- Institute of PhysicsChair of Solid State and Materials ScienceAugsburg UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Georg Eickerling
- Institute of PhysicsChair of Chemical Physics and Materials ScienceAugsburg UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot-Curie 1450-383WrocławPoland
| | - Dirk Volkmer
- Institute of PhysicsChair of Solid State and Materials ScienceAugsburg UniversityUniversitätsstrasse 186159AugsburgGermany
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział ChemiiUniwersytet Wrocławskiul. F. Joliot-Curie 1450-383WrocławPoland
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11
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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12
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Li QQ, Hamamoto Y, Tan CCH, Sato H, Ito S. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and imidoyl halides for synthesis of π-extended imidazolium salts. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00941b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic approach to π-extended imidazolium salts is developed based on 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides with imidoyl chlorides in the presence of cesium fluoride as a key additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Qiang Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yosuke Hamamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Cai Hui Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubara-Cho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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13
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Hager J, Kang S, Chmielewski PJ, Lis T, Kim D, Stępień M. Acenaphthylene-Fused Ullazines: Fluorescent π-Extended Monopyrroles with Tunable Electronic Gaps. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00421f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
π-Extended dibenzoullazines containing an acenaphthylene subunit were designed and synthesized. Two different synthetic strategies were employed: route A, based on Pd-catalyzed cyclodehydrohalogenation of α,α-disubstituted N-arylpyrroles, and route B, using a...
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14
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Wu F, Oki K, Xue J, Mori S, Takase M, Shen Z, Uno H. Synthesis, Properties, and Packing Structures of Wing-Shaped N-Doped Nanographene in Various Oxidation States. Org Lett 2021; 24:80-84. [PMID: 34898222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A rigid wing-shaped bicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene-fused bis-hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene (HPHAC) is synthesized, and subsequent chemical oxidation affords a stable biradical dication and an aromatic tetracation. The physicochemical properties and single-crystal structures in various oxidation states are characterized. The face-to-face π-stacked dimeric structures are observed in the neutral and dicationic states. The HPHAC flakes can act as aromatic walls in a tetracation state, producing enlarged induced magnetic shielding space through the superimposition effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kosuke Oki
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Jiaying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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15
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Prajapati B, Dang D, Chmielewski PJ, Majewski MA, Lis T, Gómez‐García CJ, Zimmerman PM, Stępień M. An Open‐Shell Coronoid with Hybrid Chichibabin–Schlenk Conjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bibek Prajapati
- Wydział Chemii Uniwersytet Wrocławski ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Duy‐Khoi Dang
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Piotr J. Chmielewski
- Wydział Chemii Uniwersytet Wrocławski ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Marcin A. Majewski
- Wydział Chemii Uniwersytet Wrocławski ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii Uniwersytet Wrocławski ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wrocław Poland
| | - Carlos J. Gómez‐García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular Universidad de Valencia 46980 Paterna Spain
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii Uniwersytet Wrocławski ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14 50-383 Wrocław Poland
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16
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Stępień M, Prajapati B, Dang DK, Chmielewski PJ, Majewski MA, Lis T, Gómez-García CJ, Zimmerman PM. An Open-Shell Coronoid with Hybrid Chichibabin-Schlenk Conjugation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22496-22504. [PMID: 34382721 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A hexaradicaloid molecule with alternating Kekulé and non-Kekulé connectivities between adjacent spin centers was obtained by fusing two classic conjugation motifs, found respectively in the Chichibabin and Schlenk hydrocarbons, into a coronoid structure. 1 H NMR, ESR and SQUID experiments, combined with computational analyses reveal that the system has a singlet ground state, characterized by a significant hexaradicaloid character ( γ 0 = 0.826, γ 1 = γ 2 = 0.773). It possesses multiple thermally accessible high-spin states (up to the septet), with uniform energy gaps of ca 1.0 kcal/mol between consecutive multiplicities. In line with its open-shell character, the coronoid has a small electronic bandgap of ca. 0.8 eV and undergoes two consecutive one-electron oxidations at low potentials, yielding cationic forms with extended near-infrared absorption. The hexaradicaloid, which combines open-shell and macrocyclic contributions to its π conjugation, provides an example of a design strategy for multistate spin switches and redox-amphoteric NIR dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stępień
- University of Wroclaw, Department of Chemistry, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wroclaw, POLAND
| | | | - Duy-Khoi Dang
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Department of Chemistry, UNITED STATES
| | | | | | - Tadeusz Lis
- Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wydział Chemii, POLAND
| | - Carlos J Gómez-García
- Universidad de Valencia, Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, SPAIN
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Department of Chemistry, UNITED STATES
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17
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Odajima M, Tajima K, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Non-Planar Perylene Bisimide Analogues with Inserted Carbonyl and Methylene Subunits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15838-15843. [PMID: 33928728 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of dinaphthotropone bisimide (DNTrBI) and dinaphthocycloheptatriene bisimide (DNCHepBI) are described. Their molecular design is conceptually based on the insertion of a carbon atom into a perylene bisimide (PBI) core. These molecules adopt non-planar structures due to the presence of a seven-membered ring. The PBI derivative into which a carbonyl group was inserted (DNTrBI) immediately underwent nonradiative decay and/or intersystem crossing in its excited state. The PBI derivative into which a methylene group was inserted (DNCHepBI) was susceptible to deprotonation on account of the two electron-withdrawing naphthalene monoimide units. Subsequent aerobic oxidation resulted in the formation of a C-C bond at the central methylene unit, thus affording a σ-dimer. The formation of this C-C bond is dynamically redox-active, i.e., electron injection into the σ-dimer almost quantitatively regenerated the deprotonated DNCHepBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Odajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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18
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Odajima M, Tajima K, Fukui N, Shinokubo H. Non‐Planar Perylene Bisimide Analogues with Inserted Carbonyl and Methylene Subunits. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Odajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Keita Tajima
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Norihito Fukui
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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19
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Xiang Q, Xu J, Guo J, Dang Y, Xu Z, Zeng Z, Sun Z. Unveiling the Hidden σ-Dimerization of a Kinetically Protected Olympicenyl Radical. Chemistry 2021; 27:8203-8213. [PMID: 33783053 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The σ-dimer of a kinetically protected olympicenyl radical, which evaded the experimental detection, was revealed by conversion into biolympicenylidene with E-configuration in a regioselective manner. The complicated stereochemistry and energetics of the σ-dimers derived from C2v symmetry and uneven spin distribution of the olympicenyl radical were revealed by the theoretical calculations, and the energetic preference of π-dimer over σ-dimer by a minute gap was disclosed. The E-biolympicenylidene, a polycyclic ene structure previously considered as reactive intermediate in the phenalenyl radical system, exhibited exceptional stability, which allowed for a detailed investigation on its singlet diradical character and physical properties by means of X-ray crystallography, UV-vis-NIR absorption/emission spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, and assisted by theoretical calculations. The E-biolympicenylidene showed high resistance towards both thermal and photochemical ring-cyclization reactions, which was attributed to high activation energies for the rate-determining electrocyclization operated on both disrotatory and conrotatory mode, as well as a small spin density at the bonding sites for the radical-radical coupling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jun Xu
- Health Science Platform, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhanqiang Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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20
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Kumar Maurya Y, Wei P, Shimada T, Yamasumi K, Mori S, Furukawa K, Kusaba H, Ishihara T, Xie Y, Ishida M, Furuta H. Chiral Interlocked Corrole Dimers Directly Linked at Inner Carbon Atoms of Confused Pyrrole Rings. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:743-747. [PMID: 33624937 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthetic strategy towards conformationally stable chiral chromophores based on dimeric porphyrinoids has been established. A peculiar class of face-to-face intramolecularly interlocked corrole dimers were formed by the oxidative C-C coupling linked at the inner carbon sites upon simple treatment of copper(II) ions. Their intrinsic electronic structures were modulated by the peripheral corrole ring annulations, which lead to distinct optical properties and redox profiles. The stereogenic carbon centers implemented in the confused corrole skeleton provided a rationale for designing novel chiral materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar Maurya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Pingchun Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahide Shimada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yamasumi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ko Furukawa
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Niigata University, Niigata, 950-2181, Japan
| | - Hajime Kusaba
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tatsumi Ishihara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yongshu Xie
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Crystal Engineering & Technology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, 200237, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Masatoshi Ishida
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Furuta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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21
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Badía-Domínguez I, Peña-Álvarez M, Wang D, Pérez Guardiola A, Vida Y, Rodríguez González S, López Navarrete JT, Hernández Jolín V, Sancho García JC, García Baonza V, Nash R, Hartl F, Li H, Ruiz Delgado MC. Dynamic Covalent Properties of a Novel Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole Diradical. Chemistry 2021; 27:5509-5520. [PMID: 33474741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis and properties of a dicyanomethylene-substituted indolo[3,2-b]carbazole diradical ICz-CN. This quinoidal system dimerises almost completely to (ICz-CN)2 , which contains two long C(sp3 )-C(sp3 ) σ-bonds between the dicyanomethylene units. The minor open-shell ICz-CN component in the solid-state mixture was identified by EPR spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible spectroelectrochemical data, as well as comparison with reference monomer ICz-Br reveal that the nature of the one-electron oxidation of (ICz-CN)2 at ambient temperature and ICz-CN at elevated temperature is very similar in all these compounds due to the prevailing localization of their HOMO on the ICz backbone. The peculiar cathodic behaviour reflects the co-existence of (ICz-CN)2 and ICz-CN. The involvement of the dicyanomethylene groups stabilizes the close-lying LUMO and LUMO+1 of (ICz-CN)2 and especially ICz-CN compared to ICz-Br, resulting in a distinctive cathodic response at low overpotentials. Differently from neutral ICz-CN, its radical anion and dianion are remarkably stable under ambient conditions. The UV/Vis(-NIR) electronic transitions in parent (ICz-CN)2 and ICz-CN and their different redox forms have been assigned convincingly with the aid of TD-DFT calculations. The σ-bond in neutral (ICz-CN)2 is cleaved in solution and in the solid-state upon soft external stimuli (temperature, pressure), showing a strong chromism from light yellow to blue-green. Notably, in the solid state, the monomeric diradical species is predominantly formed under high hydrostatic pressure (>1 GPa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Badía-Domínguez
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miriam Peña-Álvarez
- Present address: Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions & School of, Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK.,MALTA-Consolider Team, Department of Physical Chemistry I, Chemistry Faculty, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Deliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for, Organic Functional Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | | | - Yolanda Vida
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.,Centro Andaluz de Nanomedicina y Biotecnología-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, C/ Severo Ochoa 35, 29590 Campanillas, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sandra Rodríguez González
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan T López Navarrete
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Víctor Hernández Jolín
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan C Sancho García
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Alicante, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Valentín García Baonza
- MALTA-Consolider Team and Instituto de Geociencias IGEO (CSIC-UCM), University Complutense of Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosie Nash
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
| | - František Hartl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DX, UK
| | - Hongxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-assembly Chemistry for, Organic Functional Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - M Carmen Ruiz Delgado
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 229071, Málaga, Spain
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22
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Kumar S, Maurya YK, Kang S, Chmielewski P, Lis T, Cybińska J, Kim D, Stępień M. Porphyrin-Ryleneimide Hybrids: Tuning of Visible and Near-Infrared Absorption by Chromophore Desymmetrization. Org Lett 2020; 22:7202-7207. [PMID: 32857521 PMCID: PMC7506948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Unsymmetrically fused
porphyrins containing one or two naphthalimide
subunits were prepared in modular syntheses relying on electron-rich
and electron-poor pyrrole building blocks. These new chromophores
show progressive changes in their electron-deficient character, while
retaining comparably small optical and electrochemical band gaps.
The intrinsic curvature and extended optical absorption of these systems
make them of interest as mono- and difunctional components of multichromophoric
assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunit Kumar
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yogesh Kumar Maurya
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Seongsoo Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Piotr Chmielewski
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Cybińska
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.,PORT - Polski Ośrodek Rozwoju Technologii, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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23
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Janiga E, Kim G, Chmielewski PJ, Lis T, Kim D, Stępień M. Porphyrin-Ryleneimide Hybrids: Low-Bandgap Acceptors in Energy-Transfer Cassettes. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2854-2858. [PMID: 32667127 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Energy-transfer cassettes consisting of naphthaleneimide-fused metalloporphyrin acceptors (M=Zn and Pd) and BODIPY donors have been designed and synthesized. These systems have rigid pseudo-tetrahedral structures with a donor-acceptor separation of ca. 17.5 Å. Spectroscopic investigations, including femtosecond transient absorption measurements, showed efficient excitation energy transfer (EET) occurring according to the Förster mechanism. Strong fluorescence of the donor units and significant spectral overlap of the donor and acceptor subunits are prerequisites for the efficient EET in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Janiga
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Gakhyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Piotr J Chmielewski
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Spectroscopy Laboratory for Functional π-Electronic Systems, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
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24
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Li QQ, Ochiai K, Lee CA, Ito S. Synthesis of π-Extended Imidazoles by 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Polycyclic Aromatic Azomethine Ylides with Nitriles. Org Lett 2020; 22:6132-6137. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Qiang Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Kotaro Ochiai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Cherie-Anne Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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25
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Moshniaha L, Żyła-Karwowska M, Cybińska J, Chmielewski PJ, Favereau L, Stępień M. Bipyrrole boomerangs via Pd-mediated tandem cyclization-oxygenation. Controlling reaction selectivity and electronic properties. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:895-903. [PMID: 32461771 PMCID: PMC7214875 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Boomerang-shaped bipyrroles containing donor-acceptor units were obtained through a tandem palladium-mediated reaction consisting of a cyclization step, involving double C-H bond activation, and a double α-oxygenation. The latter reaction can be partly suppressed for the least reactive systems, providing access to α-unsubstituted boomerangs for the first time. These "α-free" systems are highly efficient fluorophores, with emission quantum yields exceeding 80% in toluene. Preliminary measurements show that helicene-like boomerangs may be usable as circularly polarized luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliia Moshniaha
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marika Żyła-Karwowska
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Cybińska
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland.,PORT - Polski Ośrodek Rozwoju Technologii, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr J Chmielewski
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ludovic Favereau
- Université Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Sasaki Y, Takase M, Mori S, Uno H. Synthesis and Properties of NitroHPHAC: The First Example of Substitution Reaction on HPHAC. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112486. [PMID: 32471200 PMCID: PMC7321187 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene (HPHAC) is one of the N-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in which six pyrroles are fused circularly around a benzene. Despite the recent development of HPHAC analogues, there is no report on direct introduction of functional groups into the HPHAC skeleton. This work reports the first example of nitration reaction of decaethylHPHAC. The structures of nitrodecaethylHPHAC including neutral and two oxidized species (radical cation and dication), intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) character, and global aromaticity of the dication are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (H.U.); Tel.: +81-89-927-9612 (M.T.); +81-89-927-9610 (H.U.)
| | | | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (H.U.); Tel.: +81-89-927-9612 (M.T.); +81-89-927-9610 (H.U.)
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27
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Harada M, Tanioka M, Muranaka A, Aoyama T, Kamino S, Uchiyama M. A remarkably air-stable quinodimethane radical cation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:9565-9568. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04025h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An ambient-stable radical cation of a Thiele's hydrocarbon derivative has been synthesized and its properties have been explored using a combined experimental and computational approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
| | - Masaru Tanioka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR)
- Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN
- Saitama
- Japan
| | - Tetsuya Aoyama
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR)
- Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory
- RIKEN
- Saitama
- Japan
| | - Shinichiro Kamino
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Aichi Gakuin University
- Aichi 464-8650
- Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- The University of Tokyo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
- Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR)
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28
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Rogachev AY, Zhu Y, Zhou Z, Liu S, Wei Z, Petrukhina MA. Dimerization of indenocorannulene radicals: imposing stability through increasing strain and curvature. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00686f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
One-electron reduction of bowl-shaped indenocorannulene affords a new stable dimeric dianion, as confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy, and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yikun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Shuyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Illinois Institute of Technology
- Chicago
- USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| |
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