1
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O Kadry M, Ali HM. Fischer's oligopeptide ratio in ischemic hypoxia: prophylactic amendment of sophoretin and melatonin supplementation. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO911. [PMID: 38827802 PMCID: PMC11140683 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The fundamental pathophysiology of ischemic-hypoxia is oxygen depletion. Fischer's ratio is essential for monitoring hypoxia intensity. Methods: the current study highlighted the prophylactic role of sophoretin (QRC) and/or melatonin (MLN) versus sodium nitrite (SN) brain hypoxia. Results: Prophylactic treatment with sophoretin and MLN, was preceded with hypoxia-induction via sodium nitrite (60 mg/kg, S.C.). SN decreased hemoglobin (Hb), elevated HIF-α, HSP-70, IL-6 and TNF-α. Sophoretin and/or MLN restored the ameliorated inflammatory biomarkers, modulated norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Similarly, single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE or COMET) DNA damage assay confirmed this finding. Conclusion: Treatment via sophoretin and MLN was the most effective therapy for improving sodium nitrite-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai O Kadry
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Mahmoud Ali
- Department of Genetics & Cytology, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
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2
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Chen D, Parks CG, Beane Freeman LE, Hofmann JN, Sinha R, Madrigal JM, Ward MH, Sandler DP. Ingested nitrate and nitrite and end-stage renal disease in licensed pesticide applicators and spouses in the Agricultural Health Study. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:322-332. [PMID: 38191926 PMCID: PMC11142909 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrate and nitrite ingestion has been linked to kidney cancer, possibly via the endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds. These exposures might also contribute to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). OBJECTIVES We investigated associations of drinking water nitrate and dietary nitrate and nitrite intakes (total and by food type) with incident ESRD in the Agricultural Health Study. We also explored modifying effects of vitamin C and heme iron intake, which may affect endogenous nitrosation. METHODS We performed complete case analyses among private pesticide applicators and their spouses. We obtained water nitrate estimates for participants whose primary drinking water source at enrollment (1993-1997) was public water supplies (PWS) or private wells (N = 59,632). Average nitrate concentrations were computed from historical data for PWS users and predicted from random forest models for private well users. Analysis of dietary nitrate and nitrite was restricted to the 30,177 participants who completed the NCI Dietary History Questionnaire during follow-up (1999-2003). Incident ESRD through 2018 was ascertained through linkage with the U.S. Renal Data System. We estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95%CI for associations of tertiles (T) of exposure with ESRD overall and explored effects in strata of vitamin C and heme iron intake. RESULTS We identified 469 incident ESRD cases (206 for dietary analysis). Water nitrate and total dietary nitrate/nitrite were not associated with ESRD, but increased ESRD was associated with nitrate and nitrite from processed meats. We found apparent associations between nitrite and ESRD only among participants with vitamin C SIGNIFICANCE ESRD incidence was associated with dietary nitrate/nitrite from processed meat among all study participants and with total dietary nitrite among participants with lower vitamin C or higher heme iron intake. IMPACT STATEMENT There are few well-established environmental risk factors for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), a worldwide public health challenge. Ingestion of nitrate and nitrite, which may lead to endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds, has been linked to some cancers and chronic diseases. We investigated these exposures in relation to ESRD in an agricultural cohort. ESRD incidence was associated with dietary nitrate/nitrite from processed meat and with total dietary nitrite among subgroups with lower vitamin C or higher heme iron intake. This study provides preliminary evidence that points to dietary nitrite and possibly dietary nitrate intake as a potential contributor to ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dazhe Chen
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Christine G Parks
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Laura E Beane Freeman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan N Hofmann
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rashmi Sinha
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jessica M Madrigal
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Mary H Ward
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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3
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Lim JY, Choi YJ, Lee SY, Lee MJ, Yang HI, Kim EH, Park SJ, Yang JH, Chung YB, Park SH, Min SG, Lee MA. Bacteria compositions and metabolites of kimchi as affected by salted shrimp ( saeujeot). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2135534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young Lim
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Choi
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Youl Lee
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Lee
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Il Yang
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Hae Kim
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jin Park
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Yang
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bae Chung
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Park
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Gi Min
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ai Lee
- Practical Technology Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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4
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Qiu H, Chang X, Luo Y, Shen F, Yin A, Miao T, Li Y, Xiao Y, Hai J, Xu B. Regulation of Nir gene in Lactobacillus plantarum WU14 mediated by GlnR. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:983485. [PMID: 36304950 PMCID: PMC9596149 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.983485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential element in the biosynthesis of key cellular components, such as proteins and nucleic acids, in all living organisms. Nitrite, as a form of nitrogen utilization, is the main nutrient for microbial growth. However, nitrite is a potential carcinogen that combines with secondary amines, which are breakdown products of proteins, to produce N-nitroso compounds that are strongly carcinogenic. Nitrite reductase (Nir) produced by microorganisms can reduce nitrite. Binding of GlnR to the promoter of nitrogen metabolism gene can regulate the expression of Nir operon. In this study, nitrite-resistant Lactobacillus plantarum WU14 was isolated from Pickles and its protease Nir was analyzed. GlnR-mediated regulation of L. plantarum WU14 Nir gene was investigated in this study. New GlnR and Nir genes were obtained from L. plantarum WU14. The regulation effect of GlnR on Nir gene was examined by gel block test, yeast two-hybrid system, bacterial single hybrid system and qRT-RCR. Detailed analysis showed that GlnR ound to the Nir promoter region and interacted with Nir at low nitrite concentrations, positively regulating the expression of NIR. However, the transcription levels of GlnR and Nir decreased gradually with increasing nitrite concentration. The results of this study improve our understanding of the function of the Nir operon regulatory system and serve as the ground for further study of the signal transduction pathway in lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulin Qiu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chang
- Institute for Quality & Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Luo
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengfei Shen
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Aiguo Yin
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
- Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Miao
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunyi Xiao
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Hai
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Xu
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Xu,
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5
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Yu L, Zongxin L, Qiang L. A sensitive N-nitroso- N-methylurea sensor based on graphene-like BC3 and NC3 layers. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1790682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liao Yu
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Zongxin
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Qiang
- The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
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6
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Yao K, Liu D, Liang M, Brennan CS, Brennan M. Detection of nitrite degradation by
Lactobacillus plantarum
DMDL9010 through the anaerobic respiration electron transport chain using proteomic analysis. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yao
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou Guangdong510640China
| | - Dong‐mei Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou Guangdong510640China
| | - Ming‐hua Liang
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou Guangdong510640China
| | - Charles S. Brennan
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology 381 Wushan Road Guangzhou Guangdong510640China
- Centre for Food Research and Innovation Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Lincoln University Lincoln85084New Zealand
| | - Margaret Brennan
- Centre for Food Research and Innovation Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences Lincoln University Lincoln85084New Zealand
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Inami K, Asada Y, Harada T, Okayama Y, Usui N, Mochizuki M. Antimutagenic components in Spatholobus suberectus Dunn against N-methyl- N-nitrosourea. Genes Environ 2019; 41:22. [PMID: 31890055 PMCID: PMC6907206 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-019-0137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An extract from Spatholobus suberectus (S. suberectus) Dunn has been reported to show potent antimutagenic effects against N-alkyl-N-nitrosoureas in umu screening. The aim of this study was to identify the antimutagenic components from extracts of S. suberectus against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in the Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535 and to elucidate the antimutagenic mechanism of the flavonoids. RESULTS From the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from fractionation of the methanol extract of S. suberectus Dunn, medicarpin, formononetin and isoliquiritigenin were successfully isolated through a combination of normal- and reversed-phase chromatography. Genistein and naringenin, which were already reported to be contained in S. suberectus Dunn, were also tested for their antimutagenicity towards MNU, along with formononetin, isoliquiritigenin and medicarpin. Our results demonstrated that genistein, isoliquiritigenin, medicarpin and naringenin were antimutagenic against MNU without showing cytotoxicity. MNU is reported to cause not only DNA alkylation but also induce reactive oxygen species. The hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of the flavonoids was correlated with the antimutagenic capacity, indicating that the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was involved in their antimutagenicity towards MNU. CONCLUSIONS It is important to prevent DNA damage by N-nitrosamines for cancer chemoprevention. Genistein, isoliquiritigenin, medicarpin and naringenin were demonstrated to possess an antigenotoxic effects against carcinogenic MNU due to their radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Inami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Asada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
| | - Takumi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yuta Okayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
| | - Noriko Usui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
| | - Masataka Mochizuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
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8
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Significance of traditional fermented foods in the lower Mekong subregion: A focus on lactic acid bacteria. FOOD BIOSCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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9
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Fadda LM, Attia HA, Al-Rasheed NM, Ali HM, Aldossari M. Attenuation of DNA damage and mRNA gene expression in hypoxic rats using natural antioxidants. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2017; 31. [PMID: 28833918 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.21975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the efficiency of carnosine (Cs) and/or l-arginine (Agn) in the downregulation of apoptotic and inflammatory molecule expression and DNA damage caused hepatic injury in response to sodium nitrite (Sd)-induced hypoxia in rats. Rats were injected with Sd; Agn or/and Cs were administrated prior to Sd intoxication. Sd significantly decreased hemoglobin concentration and Bcl-2 mRNA expression, while increased expressions of apoptotic markers (Bax and caspase), tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor kappa B, and C-reactive protein and the oxidative DNA damage in hepatic tissue. Moreover, administration of Agn or/and Cs exhibited a modulation of the previous parameters. However, concurrent treatment with the forementioned antioxidants modulated these levels. It was concluded that the treatment with the combination of Agn and Cs was the most effective regimen in ameliorating Sd toxicity accompanied by hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Mohamed Fadda
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A Attia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nouf Mohamed Al-Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa Mahmoud Ali
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.,CommonFirst Year Deanship, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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10
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Acute oral dose of sodium nitrite induces redox imbalance, DNA damage, metabolic and histological changes in rat intestine. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175196. [PMID: 28384248 PMCID: PMC5383256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrialization and unchecked use of nitrate/nitrite salts for various purposes has increased human exposure to high levels of sodium nitrite (NaNO2) which can act as a pro-oxidant and pro-carcinogen. Oral exposure makes the gastrointestinal tract particularly susceptible to nitrite toxicity. In this work, the effect of administration of a single acute oral dose of NaNO2 on rat intestine was studied. Animals were randomly divided into four groups and given single doses of 20, 40, 60 and 75 mg NaNO2/kg body weight. Untreated animals served as the control group. An NaNO2 dose-dependent decline in the activities of brush border membrane enzymes, increase in lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, hydrogen peroxide levels and decreased thiol content was observed in all treated groups. The activities of various metabolic and antioxidant defense enzymes were also altered. NaNO2 induced a dose-dependent increase in DNA damage and DNA-protein crosslinking. Histopathological studies showed marked morphological damage in intestinal cells. The intestinal damage might be due to nitrite-induced oxidative stress, direct action of nitrite anion or chemical modification by reaction intermediates.
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11
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Inami K, Mine Y, Tatsuzaki J, Mori C, Mochizuki M. Isolation and characterization of antimutagenic components of Glycyrrhiza aspera against N-methyl- N-nitrosourea. Genes Environ 2017; 39:5. [PMID: 28074112 PMCID: PMC5217204 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-016-0068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A powdered ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza aspera root exhibits antimutagenic activity against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) based on the Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA1535. The aim of this study was to identify the antimutagenic components of the powdered ethanolic extract of G. aspera root. Results The powdered ethanolic extract of G. aspera root was sequentially suspended in n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol, and each solvent soluble fraction and the residue were assayed for antimutagenic activity against MNU in S. typhimurium TA1535. The dichloromethane soluble fraction exhibited the highest antimutagenicity and was fractionated several times by silica gel chromatography. The fraction with the highest antimutagenic activity was further purified using HPLC, and the fractions were assayed for antimutagenicity against MNU in S. typhimurium TA1535. Finally, five components with antimutagenic activity against MNU were identified as glyurallin A, glyasperin B, licoricidin, 1-methoxyphaseollin, and licoisoflavone B. Conclusions The five components were demonstrated to possess an antigenotoxic effect against carcinogenic MNU for the first time. It is important to prevent DNA damage by N-nitrosamines for cancer chemoprevention. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41021-016-0068-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Inami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda, Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yusuke Mine
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda, Chiba 278-8510 Japan
| | | | | | - Masataka Mochizuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda, Chiba 278-8510 Japan
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Wei T, Mei L, Wang ZG, Xue XH. Morphological and genetic responses oflactobacillus plantarumFQR to nitrite and its practical applications. J Food Saf 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wei
- College of Tea and Food Technology; Anhui Agricultural University; Hefei Anhui 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Mei
- College of Tea and Food Technology; Anhui Agricultural University; Hefei Anhui 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Geng Wang
- College of Tea and Food Technology; Anhui Agricultural University; Hefei Anhui 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-heng Xue
- College of Tea and Food Technology; Anhui Agricultural University; Hefei Anhui 230036 People's Republic of China
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13
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Inami K, Mine Y, Kojo Y, Tanaka S, Ishikawa S, Mochizuki M. Antimutagenic components in Glycyrrhiza against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in the Ames assay. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:691-695. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1212031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Inami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Japan
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mine
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kojo
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Japan
| | - Satoko Ishikawa
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masataka Mochizuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Japan
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Fermented papaya preparation modulates the progression of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice. Life Sci 2016; 151:330-338. [PMID: 26979773 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND MAIN METHOD The medicinal properties of fermented papaya preparation (FPP) derived from Carica papaya fruit was investigated in order to determine its ability to modulate the progression of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Balb/c mice. KEY FINDINGS As well as reducing the physical symptoms associated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma, supplementation of Balb/c mice with 500mg FPP/kg BW for 92days normalized the blood cell count, led to an increased activity of several key antioxidant enzymes (SOD: +20%, CAT: +81%, GPx: +66.1%, GR: +54.4%; P<0.001 vs. MNU control), increased the ferrous reducing antioxidant potential (+36.7%, P<0.001 vs. MNU control) and reduced the extent of lipid peroxidation in the liver by 44.3% (P<0.001 vs. MNU control). SIGNIFICANCE Results demonstrated the ability of FPP to preserve the integrity of liver against oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against irreversible DNA structural modifications induced by MNU, highlighting its potential role as an immune-defense modulator during hepatocarcinoma.
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15
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Fang F, Feng T, Du G, Chen J. Evaluation of the impact on food safety of a Lactobacillus coryniformis strain from pickled vegetables with degradation activity against nitrite and other undesirable compounds. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:623-30. [PMID: 26898528 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1156774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Four strains of lactic acid bacteria showing antimicrobial activity against some food-spoilage microorganisms or pathogens, including both Gram-negative and -positive strains, were isolated from naturally fermented pickled vegetables and a traditional cheese product. Among these isolates, Lactobacillus coryniformis strain BBE-H3, characterised previously to be a non-biogenic amine producer, showed a high level of activity in degrading sodium nitrite and exhibited the ability to eliminate ethyl carbamate and one of its precursors, urea. The antimicrobial substance produced by L. coryniformis BBE-H3 was found to be active at an acidic pH range of 4.0-4.5. The antimicrobial activity of this strain decreased differentially after treatment with proteolytic enzymes (pepsin, papain, trypsin and proteinase K), implying this growth inhibitory compound is either a protein or a polypeptide. The results of this study show the suitability of L. coryniformis BBE-H3 as a starter in food manufacturing processes, and demonstrate its potential role in eliminating food origin carcinogens such as sodium nitrite and ethyl carbamate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Fang
- a The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China.,b School of Biotechnology , Wuxi , China
| | - Tingting Feng
- a The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China.,b School of Biotechnology , Wuxi , China
| | - Guocheng Du
- b School of Biotechnology , Wuxi , China.,c National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China.,d The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
| | - Jian Chen
- a The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China.,b School of Biotechnology , Wuxi , China.,c National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , China
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Simultaneous Determination of Nitrate and Nitrite in Fish Products with Improved Sensitivity by Sample Stacking-Capillary Electrophoresis. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0241-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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17
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Inami K, Shiino J, Hagiwara S, Takeda K, Mochizuki M. Transnitrosation of non-mutagenic N-nitrosoproline forms mutagenic N-nitroso-N-methylurea. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3297-302. [PMID: 25975641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) is a potent carcinogen and suspected as a cause of human cancer. In this study, mutagenic NMU was detected by HPLC after the transnitrosation of non-mutagenic N-nitrosoproline (NP) to N-methylurea in the presence of thiourea (TU) under acidic conditions. The structure of NMU was confirmed by comparing (1)H NMR and IR spectra with that of authentic NMU after fractionation by column chromatography. Furthermore, a fraction containing NMU formed by transnitrosation was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535. NMU was formed in the reaction of NP and N-methylurea in the presence of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylthiourea (TTU) or 1,3-dimethylthiourea in place of TU as an accelerator. The reaction rate constants (k) for NMU formation were correlated with their nucleophilicity of sulfur atom in thioureas. The N-methylurea concentration did not affect the NMU formation, whereas the rate of NMU formation correlated linearly with concentrations of NP, TTU and oxonium ion. The observed kinetics suggests a mechanism by which the nitroso group was transferred directly from the protonated NP to the thiourea then to N-methylurea to form NMU. The rate-determining step was the formation of the complex with the protonated NP and thiourea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Inami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Shibakoen 1-5-30, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Junko Shiino
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Shibakoen 1-5-30, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Shin Hagiwara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Kei Takeda
- Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Shibakoen 1-5-30, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masataka Mochizuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Yamazaki 2641, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Kyoritsu University of Pharmacy, Shibakoen 1-5-30, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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18
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Fei YT, Liu DM, Luo TH, Chen G, Wu H, Li L, Yu YG. Molecular characterization of Lactobacillus plantarum DMDL 9010, a strain with efficient nitrite degradation capacity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113792. [PMID: 25423449 PMCID: PMC4244150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrites commonly found in food, especially in fermented vegetables, are potential carcinogens. Therefore, limiting nitrites in food is critically important for food safety. A Lactobacillus strain (Lactobacillus sp. DMDL 9010) was previously isolated from fermented vegetables by our group, and is not yet fully characterized. A number of phenotypical and genotypical approaches were employed to characterize Lactobacillus sp. DMDL 9010. Its nitrite degradation capacity was compared with four other Lactobacillus strains, including Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus 719, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricu 1.83, Streptococcus thermophilus 1.204, and lactobacillus plantarum 8140, on MRS medium. Compared to these four Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus sp. DMDL 9010 had a significantly higher nitrite degradation capacity (P<0.001). Based on 16S rDNA sequencing and sequence comparison, Lactobacillus sp. DMDL 9010 was identified as either Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus pentosus. To further identify this strain, the flanking regions (922 bp and 806 bp upstream and downstream, respectively) of the L-lactate dehydrogenase 1 (L-ldh1) gene were amplified and sequenced. Lactobacillus sp. DMDL 9010 had 98.92 and 76.98% sequence identity in the upstream region with L. plantarum WCFS1 and L. pentosus IG1, respectively, suggesting that Lactobacillu sp. DMDL 9010 is an L. plantarum strain. It was therefore named L. plantarum DMDL 9010. Our study provides a platform for genetic engineering of L. plantarum DMDL 9010, in order to further improve its nitrite degradation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-tao Fei
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-mei Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Tong-hui Luo
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gu Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-gang Yu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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19
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Liu DM, Wang P, Zhang XY, Xu XL, Wu H, Li L. Characterization of nitrite degradation by Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus LCR 6013. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93308. [PMID: 24755671 PMCID: PMC3995639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrites are potential carcinogens. Therefore, limiting nitrites in food is critically important for food safety. The nitrite degradation capacity of Lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus LCR 6013 was investigated in pickle fermentation. After LCR 6013 fermentation for 120 h at 37°C, the nitrite concentration in the fermentation system was significantly lower than that in the control sample without the LCR 6013 strain. The effects of NaCl and Vc on nitrite degradation by LCR 6013 in the De Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium were also investigated. The highest nitrite degradations, 9.29 mg/L and 9.89 mg/L, were observed when NaCl and Vc concentrations were 0.75% and 0.02%, respectively in the MRS medium, which was significantly higher than the control group (p ≤ 0.01). Electron capture/gas chromatography and indophenol blue staining were used to study the nitrite degradation pathway of LCR 6013. The nitrite degradation products contained N2O, but no NH4(+). The LCR 6013 strain completely degraded all NaNO2 (50.00 mg/L) after 16 h of fermentation. The enzyme activity of NiR in the periplasmic space was 2.5 times of that in the cytoplasm. Our results demonstrated that L. casei subsp. rhamnosus LCR 6013 can effectively degrade nitrites in both the pickle fermentation system and in MRS medium by NiR. Nitrites are degraded by the LCR 6013 strain, likely via the nitrate respiration pathway (NO2(-)>NO->N2O->N2), rather than the aammonium formation pathway (dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, DNRA), because the degradation products contain N2O, but not NH4(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-mei Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Pan Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-yue Zhang
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-lin Xu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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20
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Effect of the Change of Nitrite Content in Natural Fermentation on the Edible Security of Chinese Sauerkraut. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During the course of fermentation of Chinese sauerkraut, it would produce nitrite. However, the presence of nitrite made Chinese sauerkraut cause edible security problem. In this study, the change regularity of nitrite during natural fermentation was analysed, and the best edible time was determined. The results showed that content of nitrite was increased in the early stage of fermentation, after reaching to a peaking content, it reduced significantly to a low level, and then it changed little at the mature stage. That is to say, it could guarantee the edible security when Chinese sauerkraut matured.
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21
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KILIC A, OZTAN A. Effect of Ascorbic Acid Utilization on Cold Smoked Fish Quality (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during Process and Storage. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.19.823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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d’Ischia M, Napolitano A, Manini P, Panzella L. Secondary Targets of Nitrite-Derived Reactive Nitrogen Species: Nitrosation/Nitration Pathways, Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms and Toxicological Implications. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:2071-92. [DOI: 10.1021/tx2003118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco d’Ischia
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Manini
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Panzella
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cinthia 4, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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23
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Nishikawa A, Inoue T, Umemura T, Inoue K, Yoshida M, Sekita K, Ishii Y, Ogawa K, Hirose A, Takagi A, Tsutsumi T, Ohno Y, Shibutani M, Takahashi M, Sugita-Konishi Y, Akiyama H, Kanno J. [Current topics in biological safety tests on foods, food additives and contaminants]. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 2011; 51:415-43. [PMID: 21228533 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.51.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Nishikawa
- National Center for Biological Safety and Research, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Dubrow R, Darefsky AS, Park Y, Mayne ST, Moore SC, Kilfoy B, Cross AJ, Sinha R, Hollenbeck AR, Schatzkin A, Ward MH. Dietary components related to N-nitroso compound formation: a prospective study of adult glioma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:1709-22. [PMID: 20570910 PMCID: PMC2901412 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-nitroso compounds (NOC) are found in processed meat and are formed endogenously from intake of nitrite and nitrate. Endogenous NOC formation is antagonized by nitrosation inhibitors in fruit and vegetables (e.g., vitamin C) and promoted by heme in red meat. It has been hypothesized that a diet resulting in high exposure to NOCs increases adult glioma risk. METHODS Using proportional hazards models, we tested this hypothesis among 545,770 participants in the prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, which assessed dietary intake at baseline (1995-1996) with a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire, and at ages 12 to 13 years with an abbreviated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS During follow-up through 2003, 585 participants were diagnosed with glioma. We found no significant trends in glioma risk for consumption of processed or red meat, nitrate, or vitamin C or E. We found significant positive trends for nitrite intake from plant sources (hazard ratio for quintile 5 versus quintile 1, 1.59; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.10; P for trend = 0.028) and, unexpectedly, for fruit and vegetable intake (hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.86; P for trend = 0.0081). Examination of interactions between dietary intakes (e.g., nitrite and vitamin C) and a limited analysis of diet at ages 12 to 13 years provided no support for the NOC hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that consumption of processed or red meat, nitrite, or nitrate does not increase adult glioma risk, and that consumption of fruit and vegetables, vitamin C, or vitamin E does not reduce risk. IMPACT Our results, in agreement with the only previous prospective analysis, cast doubt on the NOC hypothesis in relation to dietary intake and adult glioma risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dubrow
- Yale School of Public Health, 60 College Street, P.O. Box 208034, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA.
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25
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Stuff JE, Goh ET, Barrera SL, Bondy ML, Forman MR. Construction of an N-nitroso database for assessing dietary intake. J Food Compost Anal 2009; 22:S42-S47. [PMID: 20161416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dietary N-nitroso compounds are carcinogens synthesized during food processing from two main classes of precursors, oxides of nitrogen and amines or amides. Quantification of the dietary intake of N-nitroso compounds is significant to human cancers, including those of the stomach and upper gastro-intestinal tract, colon, and brain. Previous studies investigating these cancers primarily used proxy estimates of N-nitroso intake and not a full and complete database. In this report, we describe the development of a database to be used in conjunction with a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) or twenty-four hour dietary records. Published analytical data for N-nitroso compounds were compiled and evaluated for inclusion in the database. The final database consisted of 23 different N-nitroso compounds for 500 foods from 39 different food subgroups. Next, database foods were matched to foods in a standard FFQ by imputation, or calculated value, or assumed zero. Using the FFQ modified with N-nitroso values, we evaluated the ability to compute N-nitroso intakes for a sample of healthy control subjects of cancer epidemiological studies. N-nitroso content of food items ranged from <0.01μg/100 g. to 142 μg/100 g and the richest sources were sausage, smoked meats, bacon, and luncheon meats. The database is useful to quantify N-nitroso intake for observational and epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice E Stuff
- Assistant Professor, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, 1100 Bates, Houston, TX 77030
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26
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Kim YS, Zheng ZB, Shin DH. Growth inhibitory effects of kimchi (Korean traditional fermented vegetable product) against Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. J Food Prot 2008; 71:325-32. [PMID: 18326182 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.2.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Kimchi is a unique Korean traditional vegetable product that is fermented by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and is mainly consumed as a side dish with boiled rice. Its main ingredients are brined Chinese cabbage, red pepper powder, and fermented fish sauce, and these are combined with many spices such as garlic, green onion, ginger, and some seaweed. The relationship between the concentration of LAB or the pH and the growth of three gram-positive foodborne pathogens (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus) was evaluated. Heat treatment (HT; 85 degrees C for 15 min) or neutralization treatment (NT; pH 7.0) was conducted on day 0 (0-D group) and day 3 (3-D group) of incubation. The pH in the control group and the NT group dropped sharply to 4.12 to 4.30 after 2 days of incubation and slightly decreased thereafter, whereas the pH in the control group and HT group stayed at 7.0 during incubation. LAB were not detected in the HT kimchi during incubation. B. cereus in the NT-0-D, NT-3-D, and HT-3-D groups was reduced by 1.5 to 3.1 log CFU/ml but increased slightly in the HT-0-D group. L. monocytogenes in HT-3-D and NT-3-D groups disappeared after 5 days of incubation, and S. aureus in the NT-0-D group disappeared after 4 days. These findings indicate that growth of all the foodborne pathogens was inhibited by NT-0-D, HT-3-D, and NT-3-D, but B. cereus was not inhibited by HT-0-D. Thus, growth of LAB in kimchi is an important factor in the control of foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Suk Kim
- Research Center for Industrial Development of BioFood Materials, Chonbuk National University, Dukjin-Dong 664-14, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
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27
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Dietrich M, Block G, Pogoda JM, Buffler P, Hecht S, Preston-Martin S. A review: dietary and endogenously formed N-nitroso compounds and risk of childhood brain tumors. Cancer Causes Control 2006; 16:619-35. [PMID: 16049800 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-005-0168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2004] [Accepted: 01/05/2005] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Maternal dietary exposure to N-nitroso compounds (NOC) or to their precursors during pregnancy has been associated with risk of childhood brain tumors. Cured meat is one source of exposure to dietary NOC and their precursors. Most epidemiological studies that have examined the role of maternal consumption of cured meats during pregnancy have found a significant positive association between maternal intake of cured meat and the risk of childhood brain tumor (CBT). NOC consist of two main groups, N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosamides. The carcinogenicity profiles of NOC suggest that N-nitrosamides rather than N-nitrosamines are the compounds that may be associated with CBT and that they should be investigated more closely in epidemiological studies. We present a review of the chemical and carcinogenic properties of NOC in connection with the findings of case-control studies. This approach may be helpful in determining the essential information that must be collected in future epidemiological studies on CBT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Dietrich
- School of Public Health, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, USA.
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28
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Taulli R, Accornero P, Follenzi A, Mangano T, Morotti A, Scuoppo C, Forni PE, Bersani F, Crepaldi T, Chiarle R, Naldini L, Ponzetto C. RNAi technology and lentiviral delivery as a powerful tool to suppress Tpr-Met-mediated tumorigenesis. Cancer Gene Ther 2005; 12:456-63. [PMID: 15719029 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Tpr-Met, the oncogenic counterpart of the Met receptor, has been detected in gastric cancers, as well as in precursor lesions and in the adjacent normal gastric mucosa. This has prompted the suggestion that Tpr-Met may predispose to the development of gastric tumors. Given the sequence specificity of RNA interference, oncogenes activated by point mutation or rearrangements can be targeted while spearing the product of the wild-type allele. In this work, we report specific suppression of Tpr-Met expression and inhibition of Tpr-Met-mediated transformation and tumorigenesis by means of a short interfering RNA (siRNA) directed toward the Tpr-Met junction (anti-TM2). When delivered by a lentiviral vector, anti-TM2 siRNA was effective also in mouse embryonal fibroblasts or epithelial cells expressing high levels of Tpr-Met. Our results suggest that lentiviral-mediated delivery of anti-TM2 siRNA may be developed into a powerful tool to treat Tpr-Met-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Taulli
- Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy
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29
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Fujiwara T, Nakata R. Current problems of food intake in young women in Japan: Their influence on female reproductive function. Reprod Med Biol 2004; 3:107-114. [PMID: 29699189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0578.2004.00063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that food customs are associated with quality of life in women of the reproductive age. In Japan, dietary limitation for cosmetic purposes, skipping food intake, intake of processed foods and the shift from Japanese to Westernized style food have increased among young women. These changes in food habits can cause inadequate intake of calories, micronutrients, unsaturated fat, phytestrogens and fiber as well as increasing environmental toxins. Furthermore, these food habits increase risk as a result of intake of food additives, anti-oxidants, processing agents and sweeteners, which have been demonstrated to be harmful to human health. These factors are speculated to not only influence the present lifestyle, but also to induce gynecologic disorders such as dysmenorrhea and irregular menstruation. The adverse effects of these dietary habits on pregnancy outcome and carcinogenesis of breast and ovarian cancers have also been demonstrated. In addition, latent development of organic diseases such as endometriosis, which are accompanied by dysmenorrhea, is a concern under the current nutritional environment in young women. Thus, it is an urgent issue to evaluate the present situation of eating habits in young Japanese women and estimate the influence of these habits on the quality of life including reproductive functions. (Reprod Med Biol 2004; 3: 107-114).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rieko Nakata
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
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