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Erazo-Garcia MP, Sotelo-Proaño AR, Ramirez-Villacis DX, Garcés-Carrera S, Leon-Reyes A. Methyl jasmonate-induced resistance to Delia platura (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) in Lupinus mutabilis. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:5382-5395. [PMID: 34313385 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) is an important leguminous crop from South America with a high protein content. In Ecuador, lupin yields are severely affected by the infestation of Delia platura larvae on germinating seeds. The application of elicitor molecules with activity against herbivorous insects to control D. platura infestation constitutes an unexplored and promising alternative for chemical insecticides. In this study, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), hexanoic acid, menadione sodium bisulfite, and DL-β-aminobutyric acid were evaluated for their ability to induce resistance against D. platura in three commercial lupin cultivars. RESULTS Only seeds pretreated with MeJA significantly impaired insect performance during choice and no-choice assays. Additionally, fitness indicators such as seed germination and growth were not affected by MeJA treatment. To investigate the molecular mechanisms behind the MeJA-mediated resistance, RT-qPCR assays were performed. First, RT-qPCR reference genes were validated, showing that LmUBC was the most stable reference gene. Next, expression analysis over time revealed that MeJA application up-regulated the activity of the jasmonic acid biosynthetic genes LmLOX2 and LmAOS, together with other jasmonate-related defense genes, such as LmTPS1, LmTPS4, LmPI2, LmMBL, LmL/ODC, LmCSD1, and LmPOD. CONCLUSION This study indicates that MeJA can be used as an environmentally friendly elicitor molecule to protect Andean lupin from D. platura attack without fitness cost. MeJA application induces plant defense responses to insects in Andean lupin that may be modulated by the onset of terpenoid biosynthesis, proteinase inhibitors, lectins, polyamines, and antioxidative enzymes. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Erazo-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Agrícola y de Alimentos, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías-Ing. en Agronomía, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Adolfo R Sotelo-Proaño
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Dario X Ramirez-Villacis
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Agrícola y de Alimentos, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías-Ing. en Agronomía, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Sandra Garcés-Carrera
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Protección Vegetal, Estación Experimental Santa Catalina, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Antonio Leon-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Agrícola y de Alimentos, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierías-Ing. en Agronomía, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
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Steadman Tyler CR, Sanders CK, Erickson RS, Dale T, Twary SN, Marrone BL. Functional and phenotypic flow cytometry characterization of Picochlorum soloecismus. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Dita M, Barquero M, Heck D, Mizubuti ESG, Staver CP. Fusarium Wilt of Banana: Current Knowledge on Epidemiology and Research Needs Toward Sustainable Disease Management. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1468. [PMID: 30405651 PMCID: PMC6202804 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Banana production is seriously threatened by Fusarium wilt (FW), a disease caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). In the mid-twentieth century FW, also known as "Panama disease", wiped out the Gros Michel banana industry in Central America. The devastation caused by Foc race 1 was mitigated by a shift to resistant Cavendish cultivars, which are currently the source of 99% of banana exports. However, a new strain of Foc, the tropical race 4 (TR4), attacks Cavendish clones and a diverse range of other banana varieties. Foc TR4 has been restricted to East and parts of Southeast Asia for more than 20 years, but since 2010 the disease has spread westward into five additional countries in Southeast and South Asia (Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, India, and Pakistan) and at the transcontinental level into the Middle East (Oman, Jordan, Lebanon, and Israel) and Africa (Mozambique). The spread of Foc TR4 is of great concern due to the limited knowledge about key aspects of disease epidemiology and the lack of effective management models, including resistant varieties and soil management approaches. In this review we summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of FW of banana, highlighting knowledge gaps in pathogen survival and dispersal, factors driving disease intensity, soil and plant microbiome and the dynamics of the disease. Comparisons with FW in other crops were also made to indicate possible differences and commonalities. Our current understanding of the role of main biotic and abiotic factors on disease intensity is reviewed, highlighting research needs and futures directions. Finally, a set of practices and their impact on disease intensity are discussed and proposed as an integrative management approach that could eventually be used by a range of users, including plant protection organizations, researchers, extension workers and growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Dita
- Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Bahia, Brazil
- Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
| | - Marcia Barquero
- Bioversity International, Montpellier, France
- Institute of Environment, Natural Resources and Biodiversity, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Daniel Heck
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Hong JK, Kim HJ, Jung H, Yang HJ, Kim DH, Sung CH, Park CJ, Chang SW. Differential Control Efficacies of Vitamin Treatments against Bacterial Wilt and Grey Mould Diseases in Tomato Plants. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 32:469-480. [PMID: 27721697 PMCID: PMC5051566 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.03.2016.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt and grey mould in tomato plants are economically destructive bacterial and fungal diseases caused by Ralstonia solanacearum and Botrytis cinerea, respectively. Various approaches including chemical and biological controls have been attempted to arrest the tomato diseases so far. In this study, in vitro growths of bacterial R. solanacearum and fungal B. cinerea were evaluated using four different vitamins including thiamine (vitamin B1), niacin (vitamin B3), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), and menadione (vitamin K3). In planta efficacies of the four vitamin treatments on tomato protection against both diseases were also demonstrated. All four vitamins showed different in vitro antibacterial activities against R. solanacearum in dose-dependent manners. However, treatment with 2 mM thiamine was only effective in reducing bacterial wilt of detached tomato leaves without phytotoxicity under lower disease pressure (106 colony-forming unit [cfu]/ml). Treatment with the vitamins also differentially reduced in vitro conidial germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea. The four vitamins slightly reduced the conidial germination, and thiamine, pyridoxine and menadione inhibited the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Menadione began to drastically suppress the conidial germination and mycelial growth by 5 and 0.5 mM, respectively. Grey mould symptoms on the inoculated tomato leaves were significantly reduced by pyridoxine and menadione pretreatments one day prior to the fungal challenge inoculation. These findings suggest that disease-specific vitamin treatment will be integrated for eco-friendly management of tomato bacterial wilt and grey mould.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeum Kyu Hong
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Heesoo Jung
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Hye Ji Yang
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Do Hoon Kim
- Department of Horticultural Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology (GNTech), Jinju 52725,
Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Sung
- Turfgrass Science Institute, Hanul Inc., Hapcheon 50229,
Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering and PERI, Sejong University, Seoul 05006,
Korea
| | - Seog Won Chang
- Department of Golf Course Management, Korea Golf University, Gangwon 25247,
Korea
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Boubakri H, Gargouri M, Mliki A, Brini F, Chong J, Jbara M. Vitamins for enhancing plant resistance. PLANTA 2016; 244:529-43. [PMID: 27315123 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper provides an overview on vitamins with inducing activities in plants, the molecular and cellular mechanisms implicated, and the hormonal signalling-network regulating this process. Moreover, it reports how vitamins might be part of the molecular events linked to induced resistance by the conventional elicitors. Induced resistance (IR), exploiting the plant innate-defense system is a sustainable strategy for plant disease control. In the last decade, vitamins have been proven to act as inducers of disease resistance, and these findings have received an important attention owing to their safety and cost effectiveness. Vitamins, including thiamine (TH, vitamin B1), riboflavin (RF, vitamin B2), menadione sodium bisulfite (MSB, vitamin K3), Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA, vitamin Bx), and folic acid (FA, vitamin B9) provided an efficient protection against a wide range of pathogens through the modulation of specific host-defense facets. However, other vitamins, such as ascorbic acid (AA, vitamin C) and tocopherols (vitamin E), have been shown to be a part of the molecular mechanisms associated to IR. The present review is the first to summarize what vitamins are acting as inducers of disease resistance in plants and how could they be modulated by the conventional elicitors. Thus, this report provides an overview on the protective abilities of vitamins and the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying their activities. Moreover, it describes the hormonal-signalling network regulating vitamin-signal transduction during IR. Finally, a biochemical model describing how vitamins are involved in the establishment of IR process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Boubakri
- Laboratory of Leguminous, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
| | - Mahmoud Gargouri
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi-Mansour, BP.1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Julie Chong
- Laboratoire Vigne, Biotechnologies et Environnement (LVBE, EA3991), Université de Haute Alsace, 33 rue de Herrlisheim, 68000, Colmar, France
| | - Moez Jbara
- Laboratory of Leguminous, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cédria, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Carrillo-Perdomo E, Jiménez-Arias D, Aller Á, Borges AA. Menadione Sodium Bisulphite (MSB) enhances the resistance response of tomato, leading to repel mollusc pests. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2016; 72:950-960. [PMID: 26155989 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Snails and slugs are terrestrial gastropods representing an important biotic stress that adversely affects crop yields. These pests are typically controlled with molluscicides, which produce pollution and toxicity and further induce the evolution of resistance mechanisms, making pest management even more challenging. In our work, we have assessed the efficacy of two different plant defence activators, menadione sodium bisulphite (MSB) and 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole-7-thiocarboxylic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), as inducers of resistance mechanisms of the model plant for defence, Solanum lycopersicum, against the generalist mollusc Theba grasseti (Helicidae). The study was designed to test the feeding behaviour and choice of snails, and also to analyse the expression profile of different genes specifically involved in defence against herbivores and wounds. RESULTS Our data suggest that, through the downregulation of the terpene volatile genes and the production of proteinase inhibitors, treated MSB plants may be less apparent to herbivores that use herbivore-induced plant volatiles for host location. By contrast, BTH was not effective in the treatment of the pest, probably owing to an antagonistic effect derived from the induction of both salicylic-acid-dependent and jasmonic-acid-dependent pathways. CONCLUSIONS This information is crucial to determine the genetic basis of the choice of terrestrial gastropod herbivores in tomato, providing valuable insight into how the plant defence activators could control herbivore pests in plants. Our work not only reports for the first time the interaction between tomato and a mollusc pest but also presents the action of two plant defence inductors that seems to produce opposed responses by inducing resistance mechanisms through different defence pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Carrillo-Perdomo
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
- Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH), Faculty of Engineering, Agroindustrial Engineering, Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador
| | - David Jiménez-Arias
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ángel Aller
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
- Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo (UNACH), Faculty of Engineering, Agroindustrial Engineering, Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador
| | - Andrés A Borges
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-CSIC, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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Du H, Kim S, Hur YS, Lee MS, Lee SH, Cheon CI. A cytosolic thioredoxin acts as a molecular chaperone for peroxisome matrix proteins as well as antioxidant in peroxisome. Mol Cells 2015; 38:187-94. [PMID: 26013260 PMCID: PMC4332030 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2015.2255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin (TRX) is a disulfide reductase present ubiquitously in all taxa and plays an important role as a regulator of cellular redox state. Recently, a redox-independent, chaperone function has also been reported for some thioredoxins. We previously identified nodulin-35, the subunit of soybean uricase, as an interacting target of a cytosolic soybean thioredoxin, GmTRX. Here we report the further characterization of the interaction, which turns out to be independent of the disulfide reductase function and results in the co-localization of GmTRX and nodulin-35 in peroxisomes, suggesting a possible function of GmTRX in peroxisomes. In addition, the chaperone function of GmTRX was demonstrated in in vitro molecular chaperone activity assays including the thermal denaturation assay and malate dehydrogenase aggregation assay. Our results demonstrate that the target of GmTRX is not only confined to the nodulin-35, but many other peroxisomal proteins, including catalase (AtCAT), transthyretin-like protein 1 (AtTTL1), and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 4 (AtACX4), also interact with the GmTRX. Together with an increased uricase activity of nodulin-35 and reduced ROS accumulation observed in the presence of GmTRX in our results, especially under heat shock and oxidative stress conditions, it appears that GmTRX represents a novel thioredoxin that is co-localized to the peroxisomes, possibly providing functional integrity to peroxisomal proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Du
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Sunghan Kim
- Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Yoon-Sun Hur
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Myung-Sok Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
| | - Suk-Ha Lee
- Department of Plant Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Choong-Ill Cheon
- Department of Biological Science, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Korea
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Aranega-Bou P, de la O Leyva M, Finiti I, García-Agustín P, González-Bosch C. Priming of plant resistance by natural compounds. Hexanoic acid as a model. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:488. [PMID: 25324848 PMCID: PMC4181288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Some alternative control strategies of currently emerging plant diseases are based on the use of resistance inducers. This review highlights the recent advances made in the characterization of natural compounds that induce resistance by a priming mechanism. These include vitamins, chitosans, oligogalacturonides, volatile organic compounds, azelaic and pipecolic acid, among others. Overall, other than providing novel disease control strategies that meet environmental regulations, natural priming agents are valuable tools to help unravel the complex mechanisms underlying the induced resistance (IR) phenomenon. The data presented in this review reflect the novel contributions made from studying these natural plant inducers, with special emphasis placed on hexanoic acid (Hx), proposed herein as a model tool for this research field. Hx is a potent natural priming agent of proven efficiency in a wide range of host plants and pathogens. It can early activate broad-spectrum defenses by inducing callose deposition and the salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) pathways. Later it can prime pathogen-specific responses according to the pathogen's lifestyle. Interestingly, Hx primes redox-related genes to produce an anti-oxidant protective effect, which might be critical for limiting the infection of necrotrophs. Our Hx-IR findings also strongly suggest that it is an attractive tool for the molecular characterization of the plant alarmed state, with the added advantage of it being a natural compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz Aranega-Bou
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasValencia, Spain
| | - Maria de la O Leyva
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasValencia, Spain
| | - Ivan Finiti
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasValencia, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Agustín
- Grupo de Bioquímica y Biotecnología, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escola Superior de Tecnologia i Ciències Experimentals, Universitat Jaume ICastellón, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Bosch
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasValencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carmen González-Bosch, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de Valencia, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain e-mail:
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Borges AA, Dobon A, Expósito-Rodríguez M, Jiménez-Arias D, Borges-Pérez A, Casañas-Sánchez V, Pérez JA, Luis JC, Tornero P. Molecular analysis of menadione-induced resistance against biotic stress in Arabidopsis. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2009; 7:744-62. [PMID: 19732380 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2009.00439.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Menadione sodium bisulphite (MSB) is a water-soluble derivative of vitamin K3, or menadione, and has been previously demonstrated to function as a plant defence activator against several pathogens in several plant species. However, there are no reports of the role of this vitamin in the induction of resistance in the plant model Arabidopsis thaliana. In the current study, we demonstrate that MSB induces resistance by priming in Arabidopsis against the virulent strain Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pto) without inducing necrosis or visible damage. Changes in gene expression in response to 0.2 mm MSB were analysed in Arabidopsis at 3, 6 and 24 h post-treatment using microarray technology. In general, the treatment with MSB does not correlate with other publicly available data, thus MSB produces a unique molecular footprint. We observed 158 differentially regulated genes among all the possible trends. More up-regulated genes are included in categories such as 'response to stress' than the background, and the behaviour of these genes in different treatments confirms their role in response to biotic and abiotic stress. In addition, there is an over-representation of the G-box in their promoters. Some interesting functions are represented among the individual up-regulated genes, such as glutathione S-transferases, transcription factors (including putative regulators of the G-box) and cytochrome P450s. This work provides a wide insight into the molecular cues underlying the effect of MSB as a plant resistance inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés A Borges
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología - CSIC, Canary Islands, Spain.
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Dias DA, Goble DJ, Silva CA, Urban S. Phenylphenalenones from the Australian plant Haemodorum simplex. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1075-1080. [PMID: 19419186 DOI: 10.1021/np900016h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the Australian plant Haemodorum simplex resulted in the isolation of three new phenylphenalenones, haemodorone (10), haemodorol (11), and haemodorose (12), together with the previously reported compounds 5, dilatrin (6), and xiphidone (8). The first complete 2D NMR characterization for all of the compounds isolated, including several chemical shift reassignments for dilatrin (6), is reported. In addition this is one of the few reports to discuss the isolation of new phenylphenalenones from an Australian medicinal plant. The crude extract of both the bulbaceous and aerial components of the plant exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activity, and only the bulbs displayed potent cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Anthony Dias
- School of Applied Sciences (Discipline of Applied Chemistry), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Benitez Y, Botella MA, Trapero A, Alsalimiya M, Caballero JL, Dorado G, Muñoz-Blanco J. Molecular analysis of the interaction between Olea europaea and the biotrophic fungus Spilocaea oleagina. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2005; 6:425-38. [PMID: 20565668 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2005.00290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY The mitosporic fungus Spilocaea oleagina is an obligate biotroph of olive (Olea europaea) causing a scab disease associated with leaf fall and substantial losses in production. Using differential display we have identified 162 cDNA fragments corresponding to transcripts that show altered abundance during the defence response of a resistant olive cultivar to S. oleagina. Detailed analyses of 21 selected genes by real-time quantitative RT-PCR revealed different kinetics of induction. Genes involved in signalling, transcriptional control, oxidative stress, biotic and abiotic stress, and several genes with unknown function were found to be induced rapidly after infection. In contrast, genes involved in metabolism and cellular maintenance showed delayed induction. The induction of the selected genes in a susceptible cultivar was delayed and/or reduced during the response to S. oleagina. Interestingly, the basal expression of some genes in the uninfected resistant cultivar was higher than in the susceptible one, suggesting a constitutive activation of defence responses. Expression of these genes in response to salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, a mixture of both, ethephon, hydrogen peroxide, menadione and wounding was also investigated. The results are discussed in relation to the molecular bases and signalling events involved in this biotrophic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoselin Benitez
- Dpto. Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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