1
|
D'Auria JC, Fernie AR. The BAHD and the bold: the mitochondria's role in alkaloid artistry. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024:S1360-1385(24)00204-8. [PMID: 39089907 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2024.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
In a recent study, Zeng et al. uncovered 3β-tigloyloxytropane synthase (TS) in Atropa belladonna, characterizing its mitochondrial localization and substrate specificity. The discovery of this enzyme opens up new bioengineering possibilities for tropane alkaloids (TAs), enhancing the potential for sustainable agriculture and expanding our knowledge of TA biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John C D'Auria
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany.
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Department of Root Biology and Symbiosis, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, OT Golm, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Das S, Gardner DR, Cook D, Creamer R. Analysis of the Mycotoxin Levels and Expression Pattern of SWN Genes at Different Time Points in the Fungus Slafractonia leguminicola. Microorganisms 2024; 12:670. [PMID: 38674614 PMCID: PMC11052177 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The fungal plant pathogen Slafractonia leguminicola produces two mycotoxins that affect animals: slaframine, which causes slobbers, and swainsonine, which causes locoism. Slafractonia leguminicola contains the swainsonine-associated orthologous gene clusters, "SWN", which include a multifunctional swnK gene (NRPS-PKS hybrid), swnH1 and swnH2 (nonheme iron dioxygenase genes), swnN and swnR (reductase genes), and swnT (transmembrane transporter). In addition to these genes, two paralogs of swnK, swnK1 (paralog1) and swnk2 (paralog2), are found in S. leguminicola. cDNAs from total mRNA were isolated from the S. leguminicola mycelia grown in the culture plates as well as from leaves inoculated with the fungal mycelia at different time points, and expression pattern of the SWN genes were analyzed using RT-qPCR. The concentrations of swainsonine and slaframine production from this fungus at different time points were also examined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The timing of gene expression was similar in cultured fungus and inoculated leaves and agreed with our proposed biosynthetic pathway. Substantially more swainsonine was produced than slaframine during time course studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sumanjari Das
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA;
| | - Dale R. Gardner
- USDA Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321, USA;
| | - Daniel Cook
- USDA Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84321, USA;
| | - Rebecca Creamer
- Entomology, Plant Pathology, and Weed Science, New Mexico State University, 945 College Ave., Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cholich L, Pistán M, Torres A, Hernández D, Moro R, Gómez T, Gardner D, Bustillo S. Ipomoea carnea alkaloid extract vs swainsonine: A comparative study on cytotoxic activity against glial cells. Toxicon 2023; 235:107325. [PMID: 37838004 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2023.107325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of Ipomoea carnea produces a neurological syndrome in animals. The toxic principles of I. carnea are the alkaloids swainsonine (SW) and calystegines B1, B2, B3 and C1. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxicity of an alkaloid extract of Ipomoea carnea (AEE) and natural swainsonine (SW) isolated from Astragalus lentiginosus (25-1000 μM of SW) for 48 h in a glioma cell line. Although the natural SW did not induce any changes in cell viability, the AEE exhibited a dose dependent cytotoxic effect and release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) indicative of cytolysis. In order to evaluate the morphological changes involved, cells were examined using phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy with acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining. The AEE caused a cell death compatible with necrosis, whereas exposure to 1000 μM of SW resulted in cytoplasmic vacuolation. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that astrocytes treated with 150 μM of AEE from I. carnea or 1000 μM of SW exhibited morphological characteristics of cell activation. These findings suggest that swainsonine would not be the only component present in the AEE of I. carnea responsible for in vitro cytotoxicity. Calystegines might also play a role in acting synergistically and triggering cell death through necrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cholich
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina; The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Corrientes, Argentina.
| | - María Pistán
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina; The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Ana Torres
- Natural Products Laboratory, IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - David Hernández
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Ramiro Moro
- Biological and Molecular Investigations Group (GIBYM), IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Tamara Gómez
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Dale Gardner
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Soledad Bustillo
- Biological and Molecular Investigations Group (GIBYM), IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Viana AR, Bottari NB, Oviedo VR, Santos D, Londero JEL, Schetinger MRC, Flores EMM, Pigatto A, Schuch AP, Krause A, Krause LMF. Phytochemical and biological characterization of aqueous extract of Vassobia breviflora on proliferation and viability of melanoma cells: involvement of purinergic pathway. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:632-652. [PMID: 37434435 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2233989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Vassobia breviflora belongs to the Solanaceae family, possessing biological activity against tumor cells and is a promising alternative for therapy. The aim of this investigation was to determine the phytochemical properties V. breviflora using ESI-ToF-MS. The cytotoxic effects of this extract were examined in B16-F10 melanoma cells and the relationship if any to purinergic signaling was involved. The antioxidant activity of total phenols, (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) was analyzed, as well as production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) was determined. Genotoxicity was assessed by DNA damage assay. Subsequently, the structural bioactive compounds were docked against purinoceptors P2X7 and P2Y1 receptors. The bioactive compounds found in V. breviflora were N-methyl-(2S,4 R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline, calystegine B, 12-O-benzoyl- tenacigenin A and bungoside B. In vitro cytotoxicity was demonstrated at concentration ranges of 0.1-10 mg/ml, and plasmid DNA breaks only at the concentration of 10 mg/ml. V. breviflora extracts affected hydrolysis by ectoenzymes, such as ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) and ectoadenosine deaminase (E-ADA) which control levels of degradation and formation of nucleosides and nucleotides. In the presence of substrates ATP, ADP, AMP and adenosine, the activities of E-NTPDase, 5´-NT or E-ADA were significantly modulated by V. breviflora. N-methyl-(2S,4 R)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline presented higher binding affinity (according to receptor-ligand complex estimated binding affinity as evidenced by ∆G values) to bind to both P2X7 and P2Y1purinergic receptors.Our results suggest a putative interaction of V. breviflora bioactive compounds with growth inhibitory potential in B16-F10 melanoma and suggest that may be considered as promising compounds in melanoma and cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Altevir Rossato Viana
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniel Santos
- Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Aline Pigatto
- Postgraduate Program in Teaching Science and Mathematics, Franciscan University, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - André Passaglia Schuch
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Krause
- Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang S, Tan P, Wang H, Wang J, Zhang C, Lu H, Zhao B. Swainsonine inhibits autophagic degradation and causes cytotoxicity by reducing CTSD O-GlcNAcylation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110629. [PMID: 37442287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Swainsonine (SW) is the primary toxin in locoweed, a poisonous plant. SW can cause animal poisoning, affect the quality and safety of meat products and threaten human health, but the mechanism of its toxicity is little defined. Here, we identified 159 differentially expressed proteins, many of which are involved in autophagy and glycosylation modification processes, using proteomics sequencing analysis. O-linked-N-acetylglucosamylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is a glycosylation modification widely involved in various biological processes. Our results show that SW toxicity is related to O-GlcNAcylation. In addition, increased O-GlcNAcylation with the O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitor TMG promoted autophagy, while decreased O-GlcNAcylation with the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibitor OSMI inhibited autophagy. Further analysis by Immunoprecipitation (IP) showed that SW could change the O-GlcNAcylation of Cathepsin D (CTSD), reducing the expression of mature CTSD (m-CTSD). In summary, these findings suggest that SW inhibits the O-GlcNAcylation of CTSD, affecting its maturation and leading to the impairment of lysosome function. Consequently, it inhibits autophagy degradation, and causes cytotoxicity, providing a new theoretical basis for SW toxicological mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Ave, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Panpan Tan
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Ave, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jicang Wang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Ave, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Henan University of Science and Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology, 263 Kaiyuan Ave, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Essential Oil of Ipomoea carnea: Chemical Profile, Chemometric Analysis, Free Radical Scavenging, and Antibacterial Activities. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14159504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) have been reported as a promising group of naturally extracted compounds due to their various reported biological activities. Ipomoea carnea is a widely distributed plant with many traditional uses worldwide. However, although the EOs of various Ipomea species have been reported, I. carnea remains poorly studied. Therefore, the present investigation aimed to characterize the chemical profile of the EO of I. carnea growing in Egypt via gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and correlate its profile with other reported species via chemometric analysis using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) and principal component analysis (PCA). In addition, the aim was to determine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extracted EO. Depending on the GC-MS analysis, 31 compounds were identified, mainly terpenes (94.82), with traces of carotenoid and apocarotenoid-derived compounds. The major compounds were tau-cadinol (35.68%), α-cadinol (26.76%), spathulenol (8.11%), and caryophyllene oxide (6.56%), which were assigned as major compounds. The chemometric studies showed that the Egyptian ecospecies of I. carnea differs in chemical profile from those growing in Brazil, as well as those reported for other Ipomea species. The EO showed significant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities, with IC50 values of 33.69 and 40.86 mg L−1, respectively. Additionally, the I. carnea EO displayed significant inhibition against the growth of all tested bacterial strains, where it showed an MIC range of 82–1442 mg mL−1. Based on the current results, the I. carnea EO, particularly the major identified compounds, could be used as a potential eco-friendly green resource for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Therefore, further study is recommended to evaluate the biological significance of the main compounds, either individually or in combination, as well as assess their modes of action and safety.
Collapse
|
7
|
Quach QN, Gardner DR, Clay K, Cook D. Phylogenetic Patterns of Swainsonine Presence in Morning Glories. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:871148. [PMID: 35591984 PMCID: PMC9111539 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.871148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endosymbionts play important roles in the life cycles of many macro-organisms. The indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine is produced by heritable fungi that occurs in diverse plant families, such as locoweeds (Fabaceae) and morning glories (Convolvulaceae) plus two species of Malvaceae. Swainsonine is known for its toxic effects on livestock following the ingestion of locoweeds and the potential for pharmaceutical applications. We sampled and tested herbarium seed samples (n = 983) from 244 morning glory species for the presence of swainsonine and built a phylogeny based on available internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the sampled species. We show that swainsonine occurs only in a single morning glory clade and host species are established on multiple continents. Our results further indicate that this symbiosis developed ∼5 mya and that swainsonine-positive species have larger seeds than their uninfected conspecifics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quynh N Quach
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Dale R Gardner
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Keith Clay
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Daniel Cook
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
A Medicinal Halophyte Ipomoea pes-caprae (Linn.) R. Br.: A Review of Its Botany, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivity. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050329. [PMID: 35621980 PMCID: PMC9144928 DOI: 10.3390/md20050329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ipomoea pes-caprae (Linn.) R. Br. (Convolvulaceae) is a halophytic plant that favorably grows in tropical and subtropical countries in Asia, America, Africa, and Australia. Even though this plant is considered a pan-tropical plant, I. pes-caprae has been found to occur in inland habitats and coasts of wider areas, such as Spain, Anguilla, South Africa, and Marshall Island, either through a purposeful introduction, accidentally by dispersal, or by spreading due to climate change. The plant parts are used in traditional medicine for treating a wide range of diseases, such as inflammation, gastrointestinal disorders, pain, and hypertension. Previous phytochemical analyses of the plant have revealed pharmacologically active components, such as alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, and flavonoids. These phytoconstituents are responsible for the wide range of biological activities possessed by I. pes-caprae plant parts and extracts. This review arranges the previous reports on the botany, distribution, traditional uses, chemical constituents, and biological activities of I. pes-caprae to facilitate further studies that would lead to the discovery of novel bioactive natural products from this halophyte.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kumar P, Nachiar.G S, Prabhu TP. A Review on Pharmacological and Phytochemical studies towards convolvulaceae species Rivea and Ipomea. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083808666211221121301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
The plants of Rivea and Ipomea are Convolvulaceae species which were identified by their funnel like flowers and radial shaped corolla.The stems of these plants are slender and creeper type.The plant of ipomea contain simple leaves.Whereas the leaves of Rivea are velvety in texture and have a shiny appearance.The fruits are like capsule, berry or nut containing only two seeds per one locule.Mostly Convolvulaceae species are eaten as a fresh leafy vegetable,which has been used traditionally for curing many ailments such as purgative,skin disease and as a blood purifier for arthritis, piles and urinary disorder.Both these plants explain the therapeutic benefits such as curing diabetes, skininfections ,snakebite, ulcer and also posses antimutagenic activities and act as a immune booster and help in the relief of respiratory congestion.On highlighting their phytochemical aspects both the plants shows the presence of flavanoids, terpenoids, poly phenols, carbohydrates, alkaloids, sterols and glycosides.As these plants is creepers,tribal people use their leafy part for their neutraceutical value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P.R. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SRM College of Pharmacy, Chennai, India
| | - Shanthini Nachiar.G
- Department of Pharmacognosy, C.L.Baid Metha College of Pharmacy, Chennai, India
| | - T. Purushoth Prabhu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang S, Guo Y, Yang C, Huang R, Wen Y, Zhang C, Wu C, Zhao B. Swainsonine Triggers Paraptosis via ER Stress and MAPK Signaling Pathway in Rat Primary Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:715285. [PMID: 34447312 PMCID: PMC8383073 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.715285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Swainsonine (SW), an indolizidine alkaloid extracted from locoweeds, was shown toxic effects in multiple studies, but the underlying action mechanism remains unclear. SW is known to cause autophagy and apoptosis, but there has been no report on paraptosis mediated cell death. Here, we showed that SW induced rat primary renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) death accompanied by vacuolation in vitro. The fluorescence with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Tracker Red and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results indicated that the vacuoles were of ER origin, typical of paraptosis. The level of ER stress markers, such as polyubiquitinated proteins, Bip, CHOP and cytoplasmic concentration of Ca2+ have drastically increased. Interestingly, autophagy inhibitor could not interrupt but enhanced the induction of cytoplasmic vacuolization. Furthermore, MAPK pathways were activated by SW and inhibitors of ERK and JNK pathways could prevent the formation of cytoplasmic vacuolization. In this study, we confirmed that SW induced cell paraptosis through ER stress and MAPK signaling pathway, thus further laying a theoretical foundation for the study of SW toxicity mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yazhou Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruijie Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yuting Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Schmitt C, Bastek T, Stelzer A, Schneider T, Fischer M, Hackl T. Detection of Peanut Adulteration in Food Samples by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:14364-14373. [PMID: 32458686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The addition of cheap and also readily available raw materials, such as peanut powder, to visually and chemically similar matrices is a common problem in the food industry. When peanuts are used as an adulterant, there is an additional risk of potential health hazard to consumers as a result of allergy-induced anaphylaxis. In this study, different series of peanut admixtures to visually similar food products, such as powdered hazelnuts, almonds, and walnuts, were prepared and analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. For identification, an isolated signal at 3.05 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum of polar peanut extract was used as an indicator of peanut adulteration. The chemical marker was identified as (2S,4R)-N-methyl-4-hydroxy-l-proline by resynthesis of the compound and used as an internal standard. The signal-to-noise ratio and the integral of the signal of the marker can both be used to detect peanut impurities. Overall, an approximate limit of detection of 4% admixtures of peanut in various food products was determined using a 400 MHz spectrometer. With regard to food fraud, we present a viable screening method for detection of economic-relevant peanut adulteration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Schmitt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Bastek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alina Stelzer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Schneider
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Hackl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The effect of Ipomoea carnea on maternal reproductive outcomes and fetal and postnatal development in rats. Toxicon 2020; 190:3-10. [PMID: 33253700 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant found in Brazil and other tropical countries. The plant contains the alkaloids calystegines and swainsonine, which inhibit key cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. It is known that swainsonine is excreted in the amniotic fluid of dams exposed to the plant. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify whether the toxic effect of I. carnea on fetuses is due to exclusively the passage of the active principle of the plant through the placenta, or if the placentotoxic effect of swainsonine could collaborate in the adverse effects observed in the fetus. The teratogenic effects of exposure to the toxic principles of I. carnea were evaluated not only using the conventional protocol but also at later stages in the postnatal developmental period. Females were treated, from gestation day (GD) 6 until GD19, with 0.0, 1.0, 3.0 or 7.0 g/kg body weight of I. carnea dry leaves. The plant did not induce changes in reproductive performance or biochemical profile of the dams. Dams that received the highest dose of I. carnea showed cytoplasmic vacuolization in the liver, kidney and placental tissue. I. carnea promoted different lectin binding patterns in different areas of placental tissue. No fetal skeletal or visceral malformations was observed. The postnatal evaluation revealed a lower litter weight and a lower pup body weight one day after birth in the group that received the highest dose of I. carnea. Physical milestones were unaffected by the treatments. Female pups from all experimental groups exhibited a delay in achieving a negative geotaxis response. The results show that the toxic principle of I. carnea produces injury in utero in mothers and fetuses, but these deleterious effects were better demonstrated using postnatal evaluation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang S, Guo R, Su Y, Yang C, Guo Y, Tan C, Zhao B. Swainsonine promotes apoptosis by impairing lysosomal function and inhibiting autophagic degradation in rat primary renal tubular epithelial cells. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 336:109319. [PMID: 33186601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Swainsonine (SW), an indolizidine alkaloid, is the primary toxin in locoweeds that causes toxicity syndrome in livestock. Current research shows that SW can induce both apoptosis and autophagy. However, the relationship between, and regulatory mechanism of, autophagy and apoptosis in SW-mediated cytotoxicity remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy and apoptosis in SW-induced cytotoxicity in rat primary renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs). We examined the effect of SW on lysosomal function using western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, and flow cytometry. The results showed that SW induced both autophagy and apoptosis, and autophagy protected RTECs from cellular damage. Activating autophagy using rapamycin (Rapa) inhibited apoptosis, while suppressing autophagy using bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1) greatly enhanced SW-induced apoptosis. SW treatment suppressed the expression of lysosomal-related proteins, and co-incubation with SW and aloxistatin (E64d) further promoted apoptosis and LC3-II accumulation in RTECs. These results suggest that SW causes toxicity by disrupting lysosomal dysfunction, inhibiting autophagic degradation, and promoting apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Rong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yongxia Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chen Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yazhou Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chengjian Tan
- Department of Biotechnology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Baoyu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Poisonous Plants in Western China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Octadecyl p-Coumarates: Probable Anticancer Compounds of Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20948409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
15
|
Schmeda-Hirschmann G, Burgos-Edwards A, Jiménez-Aspee F, Mieres-Castro D, Theoduloz C, Pormetter L, Fogel R, Céspedes C, Soria N, Valdez S. Iridoids and Amino Acid Derivatives from the Paraguayan Crude Drug Adenocalymma marginatum (ysypó hû). Molecules 2020; 25:E180. [PMID: 31906356 PMCID: PMC6983124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crude drug ysypó hû (Adenocalymma marginatum DC., Bignoniaceae) is used traditionally by the Guarani of Eastern Paraguayan as a male sexual enhancer. The aim of the present study was to identify the main constituents of the crude drug and to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory activity towards the enzyme phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5). The main compounds were isolated by counter-current chromatography (CCC). The metabolites were identified by spectroscopic and spectrometric means. The chemical profiling of the extracts was assessed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The crude extract and main isolated compounds were tested for their PDE-5 inhibitory activity using commercial kits. The iridoid theviridoside and 4-hydroxy-1-methylproline were isolated as the main constituent of the crude drug. Four chlortheviridoside hexoside derivatives were detected for the first time as natural products. Chemical profiling by HPLC-MS/MS led to the tentative identification of nine iridoids, six phenolics, and five amino acids. The crude extracts and main compounds were inactive towards PDE-5 at concentrations up to 500 µg/mL. Iridoids and amino acid derivatives were the main compounds occurring in the Paraguayan crude drug. The potential of ysypó hû as a male sexual enhancer cannot be discarded, since other mechanisms may be involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.B.-E.); (D.M.-C.); (L.P.)
| | - Alberto Burgos-Edwards
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.B.-E.); (D.M.-C.); (L.P.)
| | - Felipe Jiménez-Aspee
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Daniel Mieres-Castro
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.B.-E.); (D.M.-C.); (L.P.)
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Lisa Pormetter
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Talca 3460000, Chile; (A.B.-E.); (D.M.-C.); (L.P.)
| | - Ramon Fogel
- Centro de Estudios Rurales Interdisciplinarios, Oliva 1019, Edificio Lider V, Piso 17, oficina 172, Asunción 01421, Paraguay; (R.F.); (C.C.); (N.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Claudia Céspedes
- Centro de Estudios Rurales Interdisciplinarios, Oliva 1019, Edificio Lider V, Piso 17, oficina 172, Asunción 01421, Paraguay; (R.F.); (C.C.); (N.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Nelida Soria
- Centro de Estudios Rurales Interdisciplinarios, Oliva 1019, Edificio Lider V, Piso 17, oficina 172, Asunción 01421, Paraguay; (R.F.); (C.C.); (N.S.); (S.V.)
| | - Sintya Valdez
- Centro de Estudios Rurales Interdisciplinarios, Oliva 1019, Edificio Lider V, Piso 17, oficina 172, Asunción 01421, Paraguay; (R.F.); (C.C.); (N.S.); (S.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bandini TB, Siani AC, Spisso BF. A botanical census on pyrrolizidine alkaloid-producing species in Brazilian herbaria: data set for a potential health risk indication. RODRIGUÉSIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202071118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This study accessed the informational potential of herbaria collections as a tool for establishing an indication of the distribution of species that produce pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which are considered natural toxins, in Brazil. A total of 55,480 registered exsiccates were recorded, comprising species belonging to 17 genera, including Ipomoea (33.2%) (Convolvulaceae), Crotalaria (23.8%) (Fabaceae), Eupatorium (16.4%), Senecio (13.4%), Erechtites (3.97%) (Asteraceae) and Pleurothallis (8.28%) (Orchidaceae). These records were more densely distributed in the herbaria of the southeastern (30%), southern (28%) and northeastern (24%) Brazilian states. PAs are toxic to animals in general and display high potential for contamination of human food-production chains. A qualitative relationship was evidenced when carrying out a simultaneous compilation of cases of livestock intoxicated by the ingestion of these species, evidencing risks associated with PA-contaminated foodstuffs such as cereals, meats, milks and honey. The botanical census carried out herein is aimed at supporting a prospective study on the health risk presented by PA-producing species while bringing about indicators for their distribution in Brazil. This previously unpublished approach highlights the value of multidisciplinary information incorporated into herbaria botanical collections, with possible impacts on public health.
Collapse
|
17
|
de Carvalho Nunes L, Stegelmeier BL, Cook D, Pfister JA, Gardner DR, Riet-Correa F, Welch KD. Clinical and pathological comparison of Astragalus lentiginosus and Ipomoea carnea poisoning in goats. Toxicon 2019; 171:20-28. [PMID: 31542469 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, found in some Astragalus and Oxytropis (i.e., locoweed) species, is a potent cellular glycosidase inhibitor that often poisons livestock. Other toxic genera such as some Ipomoea species also contain swainsonine as well as calystegines which are similar polyhydroxy alkaloids. The toxicity of calystegines is poorly characterized; however, they are also potent glycoside inhibitors capable of intestinal and cellular glycoside dysfunction. The objective of this study was to directly compare A. lentiginosus and I. carnea poisoning in goats to better characterize the role of the calystegines. Three groups of four goats each were treated with ground alfalfa (control), I. carnea or A. lentiginosus to obtain daily doses of 0.0, 1.5, and 1.5 mg swainsonine/kg bw per day, respectively, for 45 days. Animals were observed daily and weekly body weights, serum enzyme activities, and serum swainsonine concentrations were determined. At day 45 all animals were euthanized and necropsied. Goats treated with A. lentiginosus and I. carnea developed clinical disease characterized by mild intention tremors and proprioceptive deficits. Goats treated with A. lentiginosus developed clinical disease sooner and with greater consistency. No differences in body weight, serum swainsonine concentrations and serum enzyme activity were observed between goats treated with A. lentiginosus and I. carnea. Additionally, there were no differences in the microscopic and histochemical studies of the visceral and neurologic lesions observed between goats treated with A. lentiginosus and I. carnea. These findings suggest that I. carnea-induced clinical signs and lesions are due to swainsonine and that calystegines contribute little or nothing to toxicity in goats in the presence of swainsonine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan L Stegelmeier
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N, Logan, UT, USA, 84341
| | - Daniel Cook
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N, Logan, UT, USA, 84341.
| | - James A Pfister
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N, Logan, UT, USA, 84341
| | - Dale R Gardner
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N, Logan, UT, USA, 84341
| | - Franklin Riet-Correa
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay; Veterinary Hospital, Center for Health and Rural Technology, Patos Campus, Federal University of Campina Grande, Patos, Brazil
| | - Kevin D Welch
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, 1150 E. 1400 N, Logan, UT, USA, 84341
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
da Silva Landim EMBM, Ruiz ALTG, de Carvalho JE, Pomini AM, Pastorini LH, Oliveira Santin SM. Antiproliferative activity and chemical constituents of Lonchocarpus cultratus (Fabaceae). Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2056-2059. [PMID: 31401870 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1647427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aerial parts of L. cultratus were submitted to a phytopharmacological investigation in order to isolate and identify the major secondary metabolites and evaluate its crude extract, fractions and isolated compounds for antiproliferative activity. Seven compounds were isolated and identified as the chalcones 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-prenylchalcone (1) and isocordoin (2), the flavanone 8-prenylpinocembrin (3), the alkaloid 4-hydroxy-N-methylproline (4), the triterpenes lupeol and lupenone. These compounds were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance of 1H and 13C data in comparison with literature. Hexanic fraction and chalcone 2',4'-dihydroxy-5'-prenylchalcone showed potent results against human cancer cell lines tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Lúcia T G Ruiz
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - João E de Carvalho
- Divisão de Farmacologia e Toxicologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Armando M Pomini
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cook D, Lee ST, Panaccione DG, Leadmon CE, Clay K, Gardner DR. Biodiversity of Convolvulaceous species that contain Ergot Alkaloids, Indole Diterpene Alkaloids, and Swainsonine. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2019; 86. [PMID: 31496550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2019.103921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Convolvulaceous species have been reported to contain several bioactive principles thought to be toxic to livestock including the calystegines, swainsonine, ergot alkaloids, and indole diterpene alkaloids. Swainsonine, ergot alkaloids, and indole diterpene alkaloids are produced by seed transmitted fungal symbionts associated with their respective plant host, while the calystegines are produced by the plant. To date, Ipomoea asarifolia and Ipomoea muelleri represent the only Ipomoea species and members of the Convolvulaceae known to contain indole diterpene alkaloids, however several other Convolvulaceous species are reported to contain ergot alkaloids. To further explore the biodiversity of species that may contain indole diterpenes, we analyzed several Convolvulaceous species (n=30) for indole diterpene alkaloids, representing four genera, Argyreia, Ipomoea, Stictocardia, and Turbina, that had been previously reported to contain ergot alkaloids. These species were also verified to contain ergot alkaloids and subsequently analyzed for swainsonine. Ergot alkaloids were detected in 18 species representing all four genera screened, indole diterpenes were detected in two Argyreia species and eight Ipomoea species of the 18 that contained ergot alkaloids, and swainsonine was detected in two Ipomoea species. The data suggest a strong association exists between the relationship of the Periglandula species associated with each host and the occurrence of the ergot alkaloids and/or the indole diterpenes reported here. Likewise there appears to be an association between the occurrence of the respective bioactive principle and the genetic relatedness of the respective host plant species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cook
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA
| | - Stephen T Lee
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA
| | - Daniel G Panaccione
- West Virginia University, Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Caroline E Leadmon
- West Virginia University, Division of Plant and Soil Sciences, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Keith Clay
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Dale R Gardner
- Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 1150 E. 1400 N., Logan, UT 84341, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Romera-Torres A, Arrebola-Liébanas J, Vidal JLM, Frenich AG. Determination of Calystegines in Several Tomato Varieties Based on GC-Q-Orbitrap Analysis and Their Classification by ANOVA. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1284-1291. [PMID: 30636415 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, several calystegines (A3, A5, B1, B2, B3, B4, and C1) were determined in tomato. A simple extraction followed by a derivatization step with silylating agents was performed prior to their analysis by gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS-Q-Orbitrap), which allowed the monitoring of several ions at accurate mass. The validation of the method has provided suitable values of linearity, trueness (73.7-120.0%), and precision (≤20.0%, except for calystegines B3 and B4 at 0.5 mg/kg). The limit of quantitation was set at 0.5 mg/kg for all analytes. The validated method was successfully applied to the analysis of nine different tomato varieties, and calystegines A3, A5, B2, and C1 were found at concentrations ranging between 0.65 mg/kg (C1) and 12.47 mg/kg (B2). Tomato varieties were classified according to their calystegines content by applying an analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Romera-Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL) , University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n , E-04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Javier Arrebola-Liébanas
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL) , University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n , E-04120 Almería , Spain
| | - José Luis Martínez Vidal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL) , University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n , E-04120 Almería , Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL) , University of Almería , Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n , E-04120 Almería , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Welch KD, Pfister JA, Cook D, Carriao Dos Santos F, Lee ST. Assessment of endophyte-derived tremorgenic compounds in Ipomoea asarifolia using mouse models. Toxicon 2018; 156:52-60. [PMID: 30439441 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ipomoea asarifolia has been associated with a tremorgenic syndrome in livestock. Recently indole diterpene compounds were identified in I. asarifolia, some of which have been shown to cause a tremorgenic syndrome. In this study, the tremorgenic nature of I. asarifolia was assessed using a mouse model. Adult mice were fed rodent chow containing 10, 15, 20 and 25% endophyte infected (E+), or 25% endophyte free (E-), I. asarifolia for 14 days. The mice fed E+ chow developed a tremorgenic syndrome as characterized by visually observed muscle tremors and an inability to traverse a balance beam, whereas the mice fed E- chow did not develop tremors and had similar muscle coordination to control mice. A lactating mouse model was also used to determine if the compounds can be transferred to nursing pups via the milk. Nursing pups were exposed via their mother's milk for 21 days, from post-natal day 0-21. The pups from dams exposed to E+ chow developed a similar tremorgenic syndrome. Data presented in this study demonstrate that the tremorgenic compounds in I. asarifolia are endophyte derived. Additionally, both adult mice and nursing pups are good models for studying the tremorgenic nature of I. asarifolia and related plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K D Welch
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, 84341, UT, USA.
| | - J A Pfister
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, 84341, UT, USA
| | - D Cook
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, 84341, UT, USA
| | | | - S T Lee
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, 84341, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Analysis of calystegines in tomato-based products by liquid chromatography–Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1576:51-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
23
|
Analytical methods, occurrence and trends of tropane alkaloids and calystegines: An update. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1564:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
24
|
Heravi MM, Ghalavand N, Ghanbarian M, Mohammadkhani L. Applications of Mitsunobu Reaction in total synthesis of natural products. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak, P.O. Box 1993893973 Tehran Iran
| | - Nastaran Ghalavand
- Department of Chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak, P.O. Box 1993893973 Tehran Iran
| | - Manizheh Ghanbarian
- Department of Chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak, P.O. Box 1993893973 Tehran Iran
| | - Leyla Mohammadkhani
- Department of Chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak, P.O. Box 1993893973 Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Riet-Correa F, Medeiros RM, Pfister JA, Mendonça FS. Toxic plants affecting the nervous system of ruminants and horses in Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2017001200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: This review updates information about neurotoxic plants affecting ruminants and equidae in Brazil. Currently in the country, there are at least 131 toxic plants belonging to 79 genera. Thirty one of these poisonous plants affect the nervous system. Swainsonine-containing plants (Ipomoea spp., Turbina cordata and Sida carpinifolia) cause numerous outbreaks of poisoning, mainly in goats, but cattle and horses are occasionally affected. The poisoning by Ipomoea asarifolia, a tremorgenic plant, is very common in sheep, goats and cattle in the Northeastern region and in the Marajo island. Poisoning by the pods of Prosopis juliflora are frequent in cattle in Northeastern Brazil; occasionally this poisoning affects goats and more rarely sheep. Some poisonings by plants, such as Hybanthus calceolaria, Ipomoea marcellia and Talisia esculenta in ruminants and Indigofera lespedezioides in horses were recently described and needs to be accurately investigated about its occurrence and importance. Other plants poisonings causing nervous signs in ruminants and equidae are less important, but should be considered for the differential diagnosis of neurologic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franklin Riet-Correa
- National Institute for Agriculture Research, Uruguay; Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kataki S, Hazarika S, Baruah DC. Investigation on by-products of bioenergy systems (anaerobic digestion and gasification) as potential crop nutrient using FTIR, XRD, SEM analysis and phyto-toxicity test. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 196:201-216. [PMID: 28284942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Success and acceptability of the bio energy conversion technology to a large extent depend upon management of the inevitable by-products generated during the conversion process. By-products can be considered favourable as organic fertilizer as they retain nutrients with varying composition depending upon input biomass. However, characteristics of these heterogeneous resources with respect to feedstock and processing conditions have to be assessed to state on their agricultural and environmental benefits. Therefore, 3 types of anaerobic digestion by-products (digestate) from surplus biomass viz. cow dung, Ipomoea carnea:cow dung (60:40 dry weight basis) and rice straw:green gram stover:cow dung (30:30:40 dry weight basis) and one gasification by-product (biochar) from rice husk are considered to understand the fertilizer prospects. Considering 3 potential application options, digestate from each feedstock option was further processed as separated solid, separated liquid and ash from solid digestates. Thus, a total of 10 by-products were investigated for understanding their prospects as fertilizer using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and phyto-toxicity test to have a broad insight in terms of their organic, mineral, elemental composition, morphological feature and potential phyto-toxicity. In general, irrespective of origin of feedstock, solid digestate, ash digestate and char showed similarity in terms of composition of functional groups with some degree of variation in relative content as reflected by FTIR analysis. Dominance of organic functional groups in separated solid digestates compared to liquid fraction indicated the former as favourable organic amendments. Quartz was the prevalent mineral phase in all separated solid, ash digestate and rice husk char. Digestates in ash phase represent more concentrated plant nutrient source with higher content of K, Ca, P, Na and Mg than their respective solid phase. Application of ash digestates and char is likely to improve adsorptive capacity of soil for water and nutrient due to presence of relatively uniformly distributed porous particles. Liquid fraction of Ipomoea digestates exhibited inhibitory effect on seed germination of greengram (Vigna radiate) with significant reduction of germination index. Inhibitory effects of by-products were found to correlate negatively with their electrical conductivity and ammonia-nitrogen content. Understanding on spectroscopic, morphological and phytotoxic properties of different application options of bioenergy by-products would be useful for assessment of their appropriate use in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sampriti Kataki
- Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
| | - Samarendra Hazarika
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umium, Meghalaya, India
| | - D C Baruah
- Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kataki S, Hazarika S, Baruah DC. Assessment of by-products of bioenergy systems (anaerobic digestion and gasification) as potential crop nutrient. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 59:102-117. [PMID: 27771200 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Alternative fertilizer resources have drawn attention in recent times in order to cope up with ever increasing demand for fertilizer. By-products of bioenergy system are considered favourable as organic fertilizer due to their ability to recycle plant nutrients. Present study evaluates fertilizer suitability of by-products of two bioenergy systems viz. 3 types of anaerobic digestion by-products (digestate) from local surplus biomass such as cowdung, Ipomoea carnea:cowdung (60:40) and ricestraw:green gram stover:cowdung (30:30:40) and one gasification by-product (biochar) from rice husk. Digestates were assessed considering 4 different application options of each viz. whole, solid, liquid and ash from solid digestates. Digestate characteristics (organic matter, macronutrients, micronutrients and heavy metal content) were found to be a function of feedstock and processing (solid liquid separation and ashing). Ipomoea carnea based digestates in all application options showed comparatively higher N, P, K, NH4+-N, Ca, Mg, S and micro nutrient content than other digestates. Separation concentrated plant nutrients and organic matter in solid digestates, making these suitable both as organic amendments and fertilizer. Separated liquid digestate shared larger fraction of ammonium nitrogen (61-91% of total content), indicating their suitability as readily available N source. However, fertilizer application of liquid digestate may not match crop requirements due to lower total nutrient concentration. Higher electrical conductivity of the liquid digestates (3.4-9.3mScm-1) than solid digestates (1.5-2mScm-1) may impart phyto-toxic effect upon fertilization due to salinity. In case of by-products with unstable organic fraction i.e. whole and solid digestates of rice straw:green gram stover:cowdung digestates (Humification index 0.7), further processing (stabilization, composting) may be required to maximize their fertilizer benefit. Heavy metal contents of the by-products were found to be within the permitted range specified for organic fertilizer (vermicompost) in India. However, higher Al content of the digestates in whole, solid and ash phase (0.06-16.97gkg-1 fresh matter) can be a concern in acid soil which may cause Al toxicity. Understanding on agrochemical characteristics of bioenergy by-products with varying feedstock and application option is expected to promote their valorization opportunities considering user specific requirements. In the context of agriculturally dominant but energy deficient rural Indian scenario, integrated production of bioenergy and by-product based fertilizer could be very significant to meet the critical additional requirement of both energy and fertilizer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sampriti Kataki
- Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
| | - Samarendra Hazarika
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umium, Meghalaya, India
| | - D C Baruah
- Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Armién AG, Tokarnia CH, Peixoto PV, Frese K. Spontaneous and Experimental Glycoprotein Storage Disease of Goats Induced by Ipomoea carnea subsp fistulosa (Convolvulaceae). Vet Pathol 2016; 44:170-84. [PMID: 17317794 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-2-170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous and experimental poisoning with the swainsonine-containing and calystegine-containing plant Ipomoea carnea subsp fistulosa is described. Three of 8 goats presenting with emaciation, weakness, symmetrical ataxia, posterior paresis, proprioceptive deficits, abnormal posture, abnormal postural reaction, and muscle hypertonia were necropsied. I fistulosa was suspected to be the cause of the neurologic disease in all cases. An experiment was conducted to confirm the diagnosis using 12 goats and diets containing 3 different concentrations of the plant. All goats fed I fistulosa developed neurological signs that were similar to those observed in the spontaneous intoxication. Muscle atrophy and pallor were the only macroscopic changes observed in spontaneous and in experimental intoxication. Histological lesions of spontaneous and experimental animals were similar. The most prominent lesion was cytoplasmic vacuolation in neurons of the central and the autonomous nervous system, pancreatic acinar cells, hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid gland, and macrophages of the lymphatic tissues. Neuronal necrosis, axonal spheroids formation, and astrogliosis were additionally observed in the brain. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasmic vacuoles consisted of distended lysosomes surrounded by a single-layered membrane. Nonreduced end-rests or sequence of α-Man, α-Glc, β(1–4)-GlcNAc, and NeuNAc on lysosomal membrane were revealed by lectin histochemistry. Samples of plants used in the experimental trial contained swainsonine and calystegine and their intermediary derivate. We conclude that I fistulosa induces a glycoprotein storage disease primarily based on the inhibition of the lysosomal α-mannosidase by the alkaloid swainsonine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A G Armién
- Institut für Veterinär-Pathologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Amézqueta S, Torres J. Advances in the analysis of iminocyclitols: Methods, sources and bioavailability. Talanta 2016; 151:157-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
30
|
Maternal Ingestion of Ipomoea carnea: Effects on Goat-Kid Bonding and Behavior. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8030074. [PMID: 26999204 PMCID: PMC4810219 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ipomoea carnea is a toxic plant found in Brazil and other tropical and subtropical countries and often causes poisoning of livestock. The plant contains the alkaloids swainsonine and calystegines, which inhibit key cellular enzymes and cause systematic cell death. This study evaluated the behavioral effects of prenatal ingestion of this plant on dams and their kids. Twenty-four pregnant goats were randomly allocated into four treatment groups and received the following doses (g/kg BW) of fresh I. carnea: 0 (control group), 1.0 (IC1), 3.0 (IC3), and 5.0 (IC5) from day 27 of gestation until parturition. Dam and kid bonding and behavior were evaluated by several tests, immediately after birth until six weeks of age. Dams from IC3 and IC5 groups spent less time paying attention to the newborn. There was a lack of maternal-infant bonding due to I. carnea intoxication. Kids from treated dams had difficulty in standing, suckling, and in recognizing their mother hours after birth. I. carnea can also compromise the kids’ ability to learn and to retain spatial memory. We suggest that kids from pregnant goats given I. carnea during gestation have significant behavioral alterations and developmental delays that may compromise their survival.
Collapse
|
31
|
García EN, Aguirre MV, Gimeno EJ, Rios EE, Acosta OC, Cholich LA. Haematologic alterations caused by Ipomoea carnea in experimental poisoning of guinea pig. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
32
|
Emani L, Ravada S, Meka B, Garaga M, Golakoti T. A New Flavanone from the Leaves of Chromolaena odorata. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromolaena odorata (Syn: Eupatorium odoratum) is a perennial plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. Extracts of C. odorata have shown strong anti-oxidant and moderate anti-adipogenenesis activities. Detailed phytochemical investigation of C. odorata led to the isolation of 21 secondary metabolites, which include a new flavanone (3), and a chalcone, 3,2′-dihydroxy-4,4′,5′,6′-tetramethoxychalcone (2), reported for the first time from a natural source, besides three known compounds 1, 4 and 5, all of which are reported for the first time from C. odorata. Some of these compounds exhibited potent anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenesis activities and these may be partly responsible for the activity of the extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmareddy Emani
- Laila Impex R&D Centre, Unit-I, Phase-III, Jawaharautonagar, Vijayawada-520007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suryachandrarao Ravada
- Laila Impex R&D Centre, Unit-I, Phase-III, Jawaharautonagar, Vijayawada-520007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Bharani Meka
- Laila Impex R&D Centre, Unit-I, Phase-III, Jawaharautonagar, Vijayawada-520007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Machiraju Garaga
- Laila Impex R&D Centre, Unit-I, Phase-III, Jawaharautonagar, Vijayawada-520007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Trimurtulu Golakoti
- Laila Impex R&D Centre, Unit-I, Phase-III, Jawaharautonagar, Vijayawada-520007, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sano M, Hashiba K, Higashi M, Okuda K. Alteration of glycan structures by swainsonine affects steroidogenesis in bovine luteal cells. Theriogenology 2015; 84:827-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
34
|
Abstract
This review of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids (i.e., those in which the parent bicyclic systems are in general not embedded in polycyclic arrays) is an update of the previous coverage in Volume 55 of this series (2001). The present survey covers the literature from mid-1999 to the end of 2013; and in addition to aspects of the isolation, characterization, and biological activity of the alkaloids, much emphasis is placed on their total synthesis. A brief introduction to the topic is followed by an overview of relevant alkaloids from fungal and microbial sources, among them slaframine, cyclizidine, Steptomyces metabolites, and the pantocins. The important iminosugar alkaloids lentiginosine, steviamine, swainsonine, castanospermine, and related hydroxyindolizidines are dealt with in the subsequent section. The fourth and fifth sections cover metabolites from terrestrial plants. Pertinent plant alkaloids bearing alkyl, functionalized alkyl or alkenyl substituents include dendroprimine, anibamine, simple alkaloids belonging to the genera Prosopis, Elaeocarpus, Lycopodium, and Poranthera, and bicyclic alkaloids of the lupin family. Plant alkaloids bearing aryl or heteroaryl substituents include ipalbidine and analogs, secophenanthroindolizidine and secophenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids (among them septicine, julandine, and analogs), ficuseptine, lasubines, and other simple quinolizidines of the Lythraceae, the simple furyl-substituted Nuphar alkaloids, and a mixed quinolizidine-quinazoline alkaloid. The penultimate section of the review deals with the sizable group of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids isolated from, or detected in, ants, mites, and terrestrial amphibians, and includes an overview of the "dietary hypothesis" for the origin of the amphibian metabolites. The final section surveys relevant alkaloids from marine sources, and includes clathryimines and analogs, stellettamides, the clavepictines and pictamine, and bis(quinolizidine) alkaloids.
Collapse
|
35
|
Changes in swainsonine, calystegine, and nitrogen concentrations on an annual basis in Ipomoea carnea. Toxicon 2015; 95:62-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
36
|
Kato A, Hirokami Y, Kinami K, Tsuji Y, Miyawaki S, Adachi I, Hollinshead J, Nash RJ, Kiappes JL, Zitzmann N, Cha JK, Molyneux RJ, Fleet GWJ, Asano N. Isolation and SAR studies of bicyclic iminosugars from Castanospermum australe as glycosidase inhibitors. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2015; 111:124-131. [PMID: 25583438 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the isolation and structural determination of fourteen iminosugars, containing five pyrrolizidines and five indolizidines, from Castanospermum australe. The structure of a new alkaloid was elucidated by spectroscopic methods as 6,8-diepi-castanospermine (13). Our side-by-side comparison between bicyclic and corresponding monocyclic iminosugars revealed that inhibition potency and spectrum against each enzyme are clearly changed by their core structures. Castanospermine (10) and 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) have a common d-gluco configuration, and they showed the expected similar inhibition potency and spectrum. In sharp contrast, 6-epi-castanospermine (12) and 1-deoxymannojirimycin (manno-DNJ) both have the d-manno configuration but the α-mannosidase inhibition of 6-epi-castanospermine (12) was much better than that of manno-DNJ. 6,8-Diepi-castanospermine (13) could be regarded as a bicyclic derivative of talo-DNJ, but it showed a complete loss of α-galactosidase A inhibition. This behavior against α-galactosidase A is similar to that observed for 1-epi-australine (6) and altro-DMDP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Yuki Hirokami
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kyoko Kinami
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yutaro Tsuji
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shota Miyawaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Isao Adachi
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jackie Hollinshead
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences/Phytoquest Limited, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Nash
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences/Phytoquest Limited, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, United Kingdom
| | - J L Kiappes
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole Zitzmann
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Jin K Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Russell J Molyneux
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 34 Rainbow Drive, Hilo, HI 96720, United States
| | - George W J Fleet
- Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom; Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
| | - Naoki Asano
- BioApply Co., Ltd., 1-95 Tsuchishimizu, Kanazawa 920-0955, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fatima N, Rahman MM, Khan MA, Fu J. A review on Ipomoea carnea: pharmacology, toxicology and phytochemistry. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 11:55-62. [PMID: 24651023 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2013-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Phytomedicines are increasingly being established in modern medical science. The shrub Ipomoea carnea has been used traditionally for thousands of years. However, there are few scientific studies on this medicinal plant, and most of the information are scattered. In this review, we have summarized the existing knowledge and recent progress on the medicinal importance of I. carnea. Different extracts of I. carnea plant possess anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-convulsant, immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, sedative and wound healing activities. However, some toxicological effects have been also reported. Some of the major phytochemicals associated with the bioactivity of I. carnea have been characterized, which have been discussed in this study too. This review article might be beneficial for phytotherapy research, as I. carnea can be a good source for drug development.
Collapse
|
38
|
Effect of Ipomea carnea Jacq. flowers on hematological changes in toluene diisocyanate-induced inflammation in Wistar rats. Chin J Nat Med 2014; 12:161-6. [PMID: 24702800 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60027-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the active chloroform fraction of the ethanol extract of Ipomoea carnea flowers on hematological changes in toluene diisocyanate-induced inflammation in Wistar rats. METHOD Except for the control group, all of the rats were sensitized with intranasal application of 5 μL of 10% toluene diisocyanate (TDI) for 7 days. One week after second sensitization, all of the rats were provoked with 5 μL of 5% TDI to induce airway hypersensitivity. After the last challenge, blood and bronchoalvelor lavage (BAL) fluid were collected and subjected to total and differential leucocytes count. Flash chromatography was performed on the most active chloroform fraction to isolate an individual component. RESULTS Treatment with the ethanolic extract and its chloroform fraction at an oral dose of 200 mg·kg⁻¹ showed a significant decrease in circulating neutrophil and eosinophil in blood and BAL as compared with standard dexamethasone (DEXA). The structure of the compound obtained from chloroform fraction of Ipomea carnea was elucidated as stigmast-5, 22-dien-3β-ol on the basis of spectral data analysis. CONCLUSION The chloroform fraction was found to be more effective to suppress airway hyper reactivity symptoms, and decreased count of both total and differential inflammatory cells.
Collapse
|
39
|
de Castilho AL, da Silva JPC, Saraceni CHC, Díaz IEC, Paciencia MLB, Varella AD, Suffredini IB. In vitro activity of Amazon plant extracts against Enterococcus faecalis. Braz J Microbiol 2014; 45:769-79. [PMID: 25477906 PMCID: PMC4204957 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies analyzing 2,200 plant extracts indicated anti-enterococcal activity in 25 extracts obtained from Brazilian forests’ plants. In the present study, these extracts were subjected to microdilution broth assay (MDBA) and disk diffusion assay (DDA) using planktonic Enterococcus faecalis ATCC® 29212™ and were submitted to phytochemical analysis in TLC and HPLC. Three extracts obtained from Ipomoea alba (MIC < 40 μg/mL), Diclinanona calycina (MIC ≤ 40 μg/mL) and Moronobea coccinea (40 < MIC < 80 μg/mL; MBC = 80 μg/mL) showed significant bactericidal activity in the MDBA and four extracts obtained from I. alba (14.04 ± 0.55 mm diameter) S. globulifera (14.43 ± 0.33 mm and 12.18 ± 0.28 mm diameter) and Connarus ruber var. ruber (13.13 ± 0.18 mm diameter) were active in DDA. Residues H2O obtained from Psidium densicomum (mean of 16.78 mm diameter) and from Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (mean of 15.97 mm diameter) have shown an improved antibacterial activity after fractionation if compared to that obtained from the respective crude extracts. Antioxidant activity was observed in some residues of the active extracts. TLC analysis showed that phenolic compounds are likely to be found in active extracts. Three molecules were isolated from S. globulifera and were identified by 13C NMR lupeol, α-amyrin and 3β-hydroxyglutin-5-ene. The present chemical and biological findings suggest that these extracts are a potential source of new anti-Enterococcus compounds to be introduced in endodontic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Lígia de Castilho
- Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Paola Correa da Silva
- Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cintia Helena Coury Saraceni
- Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ingrit Elida Collantes Díaz
- Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mateus Luís Barradas Paciencia
- Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Antonio Drauzio Varella
- Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ivana Barbosa Suffredini
- Programa de Graduação em Odontologia Universidade Paulista São PauloSP Brazil Programa de Graduação em Odontologia, Universidade Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ; Laboratório de Extração Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade São PauloSP Brazil Laboratório de Extração, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Biodiversidade, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Silva JPCD, Castilho ALD, Saraceni CHC, Díaz IEC, Paciencia MLB, Suffredini IB. Anti-Streptococcal activity of Brazilian Amazon Rain Forest plant extracts presents potential for preventive strategies against dental caries. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 22:91-7. [PMID: 24676578 PMCID: PMC3956399 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720130366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Caries is a global public health problem, whose control requires the introduction of
low-cost treatments, such as strong prevention strategies, minimally invasive
techniques and chemical prevention agents. Nature plays an important role as a source
of new antibacterial substances that can be used in the prevention of caries, and
Brazil is the richest country in terms of biodiversity.
Collapse
|
41
|
Gotardo A, Pavanelli E, Carvalho H, Lemes K, Arruda R, Kempinas W, Górniak S. Endocrine disrupter action in ruminants: A study of the effects of Ipomoea carnea in adult male goats. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
42
|
Massuda KF, Trigo JR. Hiding in plain sight: cuticular compound profile matching conceals a larval tortoise beetle in its host chemical cloud. J Chem Ecol 2014; 40:341-54. [PMID: 24744044 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-014-0424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Larvae of tortoise beetles are postulated to have fecal shields as the main defensive strategy against predators. Such a device protects beetles both physically and chemically. In order to examine how larvae Chelymorpha reimoseri are protected against predatory ants, which frequently visit extrafloral nectaries in their host plant, the morning glory Ipomoea carnea, we conducted anti-predation bioassays with live 5th instars. In the field, larvae in contact with ants had survival between 40 and 73 %, independently of shield presence. In the laboratory, when exposed to Camponotus crassus, larvae with shields had significantly higher survival (85 %) than those without shields (64 %). In both scenarios, larval survival was significantly higher when compared with palatable Spodoptera frugiperda larvae, as the latter were all consumed. We also observed that when C. reimoseri larvae showed no movement, the ants walked on them without attacking. We hypothesized that if the larval integument has a pattern of cuticular compounds (CCs) similar to that of its host plant, larvae would be rendered chemically camouflaged. In the field and laboratory, the freeze-dried palatable larvae of S. frugiperda treated with CCs of 5th instar C. reimoseri and left on I. carnea leaves were significantly less removed by ants than controls without these compounds. We also found a similarity of approximately 50 % between the CCs in C. reimoseri larvae and I. carnea host leaves. Both findings provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that chemical camouflage plays an important role in larval defense, which is reported for the first time in an ectophagous leaf beetle larva.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Ferreira Massuda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Unicamp, Caixa Postal 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Takeda S, Tanaka H, Shimada A, Morita T, Ishihara A, Adilbish A, Delgermaa B, Gungaa O. Cerebellar ataxia suspected to be caused by Oxytropis glabra poisoning in western Mongolian goats. J Vet Med Sci 2014; 76:839-46. [PMID: 24572629 PMCID: PMC4108767 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.14-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last five years in western Mongolia, a neurological disorder and
resultant economic loss have developed in goats, sheep, cattle and horses: association of
the disease with ingestion of Oxytropis glabra, a toxic plant, was
suggested. Affected goats showed neurological signs, including ataxia, incoordination,
hind limb paresis, fine head tremor and nystagmus. Three goats, one with moderate clinical
signs and the other two with severe clinical signs, were necropsied and examined to
describe and characterize the histologic, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural lesions.
Although no gross pathological changes were observed in a variety of organs including the
central nervous system of these goats, microscopic examination of the cerebellum
demonstrated degenerative changes in all these goats, such as vacuolar changes and loss of
Purkinje cells, torpedo formation in the granular layer, increased number of spheroids in
the cerebellar medulla, and loss of axons and myelin sheaths of Purkinje cells. The
chemical analysis of the dried plant detected 0.02–0.05% (dry weight basis) of
swainsonine. This is the first report describing the clinical and pathological findings in
Mongolian goats suspected to be affected by O. glabra poisoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Takeda
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mechanistic study of CuZn-SOD from Ipomoea carnea mutated at dimer interface: Enhancement of peroxidase activity upon monomerization. Biochimie 2014; 97:181-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
45
|
Experimental intoxication of guinea pigs with Ipomoea carnea: Behavioural and neuropathological alterations. Toxicon 2013; 76:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.08.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
46
|
α-Glucosidase-inhibitory iminosugars from the leaves of Suregada glomerulata. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:6796-803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
47
|
Mironiuk-Puchalska E, Rowicki T, Sas W, Koszytkowska-Stawińska M. Convenient synthesis of epimeric indolizidines by the intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a sugar derived N-(3-alkenyl)nitrone. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
48
|
Jocković N, Fischer W, Brandsch M, Brandt W, Dräger B. Inhibition of human intestinal α-glucosidases by calystegines. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:5550-5557. [PMID: 23697377 DOI: 10.1021/jf4010737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Calystegines are polyhydroxylated nortropane alkaloids found in Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, and other plant families. These plants produce common fruits and vegetables. The calystegine structures resemble sugars and suggest interaction with enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism. Maltase and sucrase are α-glucosidases contributing to human carbohydrate degradation in the small intestine. Inhibition of these enzymes by orally administered drugs is one option for treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2. In this study, inhibition of maltase and sucrase by calystegines A3 and B2 purified from potatoes was investigated. In silico docking studies confirmed binding of both calystegines to the active sites of the enzymes. Calystegine A3 showed low in vitro enzyme inhibition; calystegine B2 inhibited mainly sucrose activity. Both compounds were not transported by Caco-2 cells indicating low systemic availability. Vegetables rich in calystegine B2 should be further investigated as possible components of a diet preventing a steep increase in blood glucose after a carbohydrate-rich meal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nebojša Jocković
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences I, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg , Hoher Weg 8, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Castilho ALD, Saraceni CHC, Díaz IEC, Paciencia MLB, Suffredini IB. New trends in dentistry: plant extracts against Enterococcus faecalis. The efficacy compared to chlorhexidine. Braz Oral Res 2013; 27:109-15. [PMID: 23538423 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242013000100017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is an important pathogen associated with endodontic diseases, and its elimination and control are of paramount importance, as it represents one of the major causes of failure in the treatment of endodontic disease. Twenty-five plant extracts obtained from Brazilian forests were found to be effective against planktonic E. faecalis and were subjected to two traditional antibacterial assays, the microdilution broth assay (MDBA) and the disk diffusion assay (DDA), using chlorhexidine (CHX) as a control. Seven out of 25 extracts showed significant antibacterial activity and were tested in a biofilm assay, and three of these extracts were subjected to chemical fractionation. Residues were tested for their antibacterial activity, and the first chemical findings were described based on thin layer chromatography (TLC). Extracts obtained from Ipomoea alba, Symphonia globulifera and Moronobea coccinea showed significant bactericidal activity in the MDBA. The same I. alba and S. globulifera extracts, as well as the extract obtained from Connarus ruber var. ruber, showed significant activity in the DDA. RH2O obtained from Psidium densicomum and Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum showed better antibacterial activity compared to the respective crude extracts and CHX. TLC analysis showed that phenolic compounds and triterpenes represent the first findings of chemical groups that may occur in all species. The results of the present study include the discovery of six active extracts against planktonic E. faecalis and support further testing via assays involving biofilm formation, as well as the determination of the compounds' chemical profiles, as their activity was significantly better than that observed for CHX.
Collapse
|
50
|
Cook D, Beaulieu WT, Mott IW, Riet-Correa F, Gardner DR, Grum D, Pfister JA, Clay K, Marcolongo-Pereira C. Production of the alkaloid swainsonine by a fungal endosymbiont of the Ascomycete order Chaetothyriales in the host Ipomoea carnea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:3797-3803. [PMID: 23547913 DOI: 10.1021/jf4008423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Some plant species within the Convolvulaceae (morning glory family) from South America, Africa, and Australia cause a neurologic disease in grazing livestock caused by swainsonine. These convolvulaceous species including Ipomoea carnea contain the indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, an inhibitor of α-mannosidase and mannosidase II, and polyhydroxy nortropane alkaloids, the calystegines which are glycosidase inhibitors. Swainsonine has been shown to be produced by a fungal endosymbiont in legumes of the Astragalus and Oxytropis genera, where it causes a similar neurologic disease in grazing livestock called locoism. Here we demonstrate that I. carnea plants are infected with a fungal endosymbiont that was cultured from its seeds and which produced swainsonine in pure culture but not the calystegines. The same fungal endosymbiont was detected by PCR and by culturing in I. carnea plants containing swainsonine. The fungal endosymbiont belongs to the Ascomycete order Chaetothyriales. Plants derived from fungicide-treated seeds lacked swainsonine, but calystegine concentrations were unaltered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cook
- USDA/ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory , 1150 East 1400 North, Logan, Utah 84341, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|