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Khaled M, Ouache R, Pale P, Harkat H. Phytochemical Profiles and Biological Activities of Frankenia Species: A Review. Molecules 2024; 29:980. [PMID: 38474492 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The relatively small Frankeniaceae family is represented by halophyte plants, growing in arid and semi-arid climates in saline, alkaline or calcareous soils. Due to their living conditions, they usually produce a large diversity of compounds, which often exhibit bioactivities. Some species of this genus have long been used as traditional herbal medicines to treat dysentery, diarrhea, gonorrhea, vaginal leucorrhea, respiratory diseases and wounds. To date, several studies on either phytochemical or pharmacological aspects, or both, have revealed that this genus is a rich source of diverse and novel bioactive chemicals, including phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids and fatty acids. This review describes all the reported chemical profiles of Frankenia species, as well as the corresponding biological properties, when available. The aim of this review is to show the potential of these plants for various applications, especially therapeutic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meyada Khaled
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Batna 2 University, Batna 05000, Algeria
| | - Rachid Ouache
- Laboratory of Physio-Toxicology, Cellular and Molecular Pathology-Biomolecules (LPTPCMB), Batna 2 University, Batna 05000, Algeria
| | - Patrick Pale
- Laboratory of Organic Synthesis & Catalysis, Institute of Chemistry (UMR-CNRS 7177), University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hassina Harkat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Batna 2 University, Batna 05000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Physio-Toxicology, Cellular and Molecular Pathology-Biomolecules (LPTPCMB), Batna 2 University, Batna 05000, Algeria
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Hajiluian G, Karegar SJ, Shidfar F, Aryaeian N, Salehi M, Lotfi T, Farhangnia P, Heshmati J, Delbandi AA. The effects of Ellagic acid supplementation on neurotrophic, inflammation, and oxidative stress factors, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase gene expression in multiple sclerosis patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155094. [PMID: 37806153 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients that characterized as the first symptoms. Ellagic acid is a natural polyphenol that may have neuroprotective properties through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Ellagic acid on circulating levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), interferon-γ (IFN-ƴ), nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), cortisol, serotonergic system, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) gene expression in MS patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms. STUDY DESIGN A randomized triple-blind clinical trial. METHODS The eligible patients according to the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups: either 180 mg Ellagic acid (Axenic company) (n = 25) or 180 mg maltodextrin (n = 25) group for 12 weeks. The Ellagic acid supplement were identical to placebo in shape, color and odor. Serum BDNF, NO, Nrf2, cortisol, serotonin, and IFN-ƴ were measured by ELISA kit in the baseline and end of the study. Also, demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, physical activity, food intake, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and expanding disability status scale (EDSS) questionnaires, as well as IDO gene expression were assessed. SPSS software version 24 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Fifty patients were evaluated, and a significant decrease in BDI-II (p = 0.001), IFN-ƴ (p = 0.001), NO (p = 0.004), cortisol (p = 0.015), IDO gene expression (p = 0.001) and as well as increased the level of BDNF (p = 0.006) and serotonin (p = 0.019) was observed among those who received 90 mg Ellagic acid twice a day for 12 weeks versus control group. However, there were no significant differences between groups for Nrf2 levels (p>0.05) at the end of study. CONCLUSION The current study indicates that Ellagic acid intervention has a favorable effect on depression in MS patients. This is achieved by reducing BDI-II scores, as well as levels of NO, cortisol, IFN-ƴ, and IDO gene expression. Furthermore, we found a significant elevation in circulating levels of BDNF and serotonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Hajiluian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Jafari Karegar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Shidfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Naheed Aryaeian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Salehi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Teyebeh Lotfi
- Rasoul Akram Clinical Research Development Unit, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pooya Farhangnia
- Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Songhor Healthcare Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Delbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Disease, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Preet G, Haj Hasan A, Ramlagan P, Fawdar S, Boulle F, Jaspars M. Anti-Neurodegenerating Activity: Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis of Flavonoids. Molecules 2023; 28:7188. [PMID: 37894669 PMCID: PMC10609304 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An anti-neurodegeneration activity study was carried out for 80 flavonoid compounds. The structure-activity analysis of the structures was carried out by performing three different anti-neurodegeneration screening tests, showing that in these structures, the presence of a hydroxy substituent group at position C3' as well as C5' of ring B and a methoxy substituent group at the C7 position of ring A play a vital role in neuroprotective and antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory activity. Further, we found structure (5) was the top-performing active structure out of 80 structures. Subsequently, a molecular docking study was carried out for the 3 lead flavonoid compounds (4), (5), and (23) and 21 similar hypothetical proposed structures to estimate the binding strength between the tested compounds and proteins potentially involved in disease causation. Ligand-based pharmacophores were generated to guide future drug design studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Preet
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK; (G.P.); (A.H.H.)
| | - Ahlam Haj Hasan
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK; (G.P.); (A.H.H.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | | | - Shameem Fawdar
- Axonova Ltd., Grand Port 51405, Mauritius; (P.R.); (S.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabien Boulle
- Axonova Ltd., Grand Port 51405, Mauritius; (P.R.); (S.F.); (F.B.)
| | - Marcel Jaspars
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, UK; (G.P.); (A.H.H.)
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Akash S, Aovi FI, Azad MAK, Kumer A, Chakma U, Islam MR, Mukerjee N, Rahman MM, Bayıl I, Rashid S, Sharma R. A drug design strategy based on molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations applied to development of inhibitor against triple-negative breast cancer by Scutellarein derivatives. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283271. [PMID: 37824496 PMCID: PMC10569544 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), accounting for 10-15% of all breast malignancies, is more prevalent in women under 40, particularly in those of African descent or carrying the BRCA1 mutation. TNBC is characterized by the absence of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) and low or elevated HER2 expression. It represents a particularly aggressive form of breast cancer with limited therapeutic options and a poorer prognosis. In our study, we utilized the protein of TNBC collected from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) with the most stable configuration. We selected Scutellarein, a bioactive molecule renowned for its anti-cancer properties, and used its derivatives to design potential anti-cancer drugs employing computational tools. We applied and modified structural activity relationship methods to these derivatives and evaluated the probability of active (Pa) and inactive (Pi) outcomes using pass prediction scores. Furthermore, we employed in-silico approaches such as the assessment of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) parameters, and quantum calculations through density functional theory (DFT). Within the DFT calculations, we analyzed Frontier Molecular Orbitals, specifically the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO). We then conducted molecular docking and dynamics against TNBC to ascertain binding affinity and stability. Our findings indicated that Scutellarein derivatives, specifically DM03 with a binding energy of -10.7 kcal/mol and DM04 with -11.0 kcal/mol, exhibited the maximum binding tendency against Human CK2 alpha kinase (PDB ID 7L1X). Molecular dynamic simulations were performed for 100 ns, and stability was assessed using root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) parameters, suggesting significant stability for our chosen compounds. Furthermore, these molecules met the pharmacokinetics requirements for potential therapeutic candidates, displaying non-carcinogenicity, minimal aquatic and non-aquatic toxicity, and greater aqueous solubility. Collectively, our computational data suggest that Scutellarein derivatives may serve as potential therapeutic agents for TNBC. However, further experimental investigations are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Islam Aovi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. A. K. Azad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ajoy Kumer
- Laboratory of Computational Research for Drug Design and Material Science, Department of Chemistry, European University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Unesco Chakma
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Department of Microbiology, West Bengal State University, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
| | - Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Imren Bayıl
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Summya Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Remya C, Dileep KV, Variyar EJ, Omkumar RV, Sadasivan C. Lobeline: A multifunctional alkaloid modulates cholinergic and glutamatergic activities. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:844-855. [PMID: 37335270 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Developing drugs for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an extremely challenging task due to its devastating pathology. Previous studies have indicated that natural compounds play a crucial role as lead molecules in the development of drugs. Even though, there are remarkable technological advancements in the isolation and synthesis of natural compounds, the targets for many of them are still unknown. In the present study, lobeline, a piperidine alkaloid has been identified as a cholinesterase inhibitor through chemical similarity assisted target fishing method. The structural similarities between lobeline and donepezil, a known acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor encouraged us to hypothesize that lobeline may also exhibit AChE inhibitory properties. It was further confirmed by in silico, in vitro and biophysical studies that lobeline could inhibit cholinesterase. The binding profiles indicated that lobeline has a higher affinity for AChE than BChE. Since excitotoxicity is one of the major pathological events associated with AD progression, we also investigated the neuroprotective potential of lobeline against glutamate mediated excitotoxicity in rat primary cortical neurons. The cell based NMDA receptor (NMDAR) assay with lobeline suggested that neuroprotective potential of lobeline is mediated through the blockade of NMDAR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandran Remya
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kerala, India
- Laboratory for Computational and Structural Biology, Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Kalarickal V Dileep
- Laboratory for Computational and Structural Biology, Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Elessery J Variyar
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kerala, India
- Inter University Centre for Bioscience, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kerala, India
| | | | - Chittalakkottu Sadasivan
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kerala, India
- Inter University Centre for Bioscience, Kannur University, Thalassery, Kerala, India
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Zheng ZX, Liu EY, Wu QY, Wu JH, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. The flavonoids induce the transcription of mRNA encoding erythropoietin in cultured embryonic stem cells via the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110609. [PMID: 37348668 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are the most common phytochemicals in vegetables and herbal products. The beneficial functions of flavonoids in the brain and erythropoietic system have been proposed. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a potent protective agent in the brain; but which has difficulty to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). Here, about 60 flavonoids were screened for their potential activation on the transcription of EPO mRNA in the neuronal embryonic stem cell lines, NT2/D1 and PC12. Amongst the screened flavonoids, formononetin, calycosin, ononin, chrysin, baicalein and apigenin showed robust up regulation of EPO production via enhancement of hypoxia response element (HRE) activity in cultured embryonic stem cells. In addition, the flavonoids showed activation of HRE activity by having increased accumulation of HIF-1α, but not on level of HIF-1β, in the cultures. The accumulation of HIF-1α was attributed to up regulation of HIF-1α mRNA and blockade of HIF-1α degradation upon treatment of the flavonoids. These results suggested a promising trend of developing commercial products of flavonoids as food supplements tailored for brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoey X Zheng
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Etta Y Liu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Q Y Wu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - J H Wu
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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Chen C, Li X, Kano Y, Yuan D, Qu J. Oriental traditional herbal Medicine--Puerariae Flos: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116089. [PMID: 36621660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria Flos (PF), a traditional herbal medicine, is botanically from the dried flowers of Pueraria lobate (Willd.) Ohwi. (Chinese: ) or Pueraria thomsonii Benth. (Chinese: ). It has a long history of thousands of years in China for awakening the spleen, clearing the lungs, relieving alcohol. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to report the up-to-date research progress in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, metabolism and therapeutic application of PF, so as to provide a strong basis for future clinical treatment and scientific research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on PF was collected from scientific literature databases including PubMed, CNKI and other literature sources (Ph.D. and M.Sc. dissertations and Chinese herbal classic books) by using the keyword "Puerariae". RESULTS Briefly, phytochemical research report has isolated 39 flavonoids, 19 saponins and 25 volatile oils from PF. Flavonoids and saponins are the most important bioactive compounds, and most of the quality control studies focus on these two types of compounds. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed their significant biological activities in relieving alcoholism, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation, which provides theoretical support for the traditional use. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive analysis showed that pharmacological activity of most purified compounds from PF had not been reported. Kakkalide, tectoridin and their deglycosylated metabolites (irisolidone and tectorigenin) has been focused on excessively due to their higher content and better activities. This leads to low development and resources waste. Interestingly, PF made a breakthrough in the field of food. Many kinds of fat-lowering foods such as PILLBOX Onaka have been popular in Japan market, which received extensive attention. Therefore, we suggest that future research can be paid attention on the development of the plant's function in the field of food and medicine, as well as the transformation from experimental to clinical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Chen
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yoshihiro Kano
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jialin Qu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Manayi A, Rastegari A, Heydarian B, Vahedi-Mazdabadi Y, Khanavi M, Akbarzadeh T, Saeedi M. Phytochemical investigation and biological activity of Doronicum pardalianches L. roots against Alzheimer's disease. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:1227-1231. [PMID: 34727787 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1999944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The methanol extract of Doronicum pardalianches L. was fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate to evaluate their cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory activity via modified Ellman's method. It was perceived that only the ethyl acetate fraction was active toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50 value of 172.21 µg/mL. Also, all fractions showed no butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activity. The ethyl acetate fraction was also investigated for its neuroprotectivity and metal chelating ability (Zn2+, Fe2+, and Cu2+) which demonstrated desired activity. Phytochemical analysis of the ethyl acetate fraction led to isolation and identification of formononetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside which has not been previously reported for this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Manayi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Rastegari
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bita Heydarian
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Vahedi-Mazdabadi
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Khanavi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Akbarzadeh
- Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu JZ, Wen LL, Tian XL, Fu YJ, Cui Q. An efficient two-step approach for the preparative separation and purification of eight polyphenols from Hibiscus manihot L. flower with high-speed countercurrent chromatography. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
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Qin X, Xu X, Hou X, Liang R, Chen L, Hao Y, Gao A, Du X, Zhao L, Shi Y, Li Q. The pharmacological properties and corresponding mechanisms of farrerol: a comprehensive review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:9-16. [PMID: 34846222 PMCID: PMC8635655 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb 'Man-shan-hong' [Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae)] with phlegm-reducing and cough-relieving properties, is widely used in China for treating bronchitis and asthma. OBJECTIVE To present the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects of farrerol and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The literature was reviewed by searching PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases between 2011 and May 2021. The following key words were used: 'farrerol,' 'flavanone,' 'anti-inflammatory,' 'antioxidant,' 'vasoactive,' 'antitumor,' 'antimicrobial,' and 'molecular mechanisms'. RESULTS Farrerol showed anti-inflammatory effects mainly mediated via the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6/8, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, NF-κB, NO, COX-2, JNK1/2, AKT, PI3K, ERK1/2, p38, Keap-1, and TGF-1β. Farrerol exhibited antioxidant effects by decreasing JNK, MDA, ROS, NOX4, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-p38 MAPK, and GSK-3β levels and enhancing Nrf2, GSH, SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1, NQO1, and p-ERK levels. The vasoactive effects of farrerol were also shown by the reduced α-SMA, NAD(P)H, p-ERK, p-Akt, mTOR, Jak2, Stat3, Bcl-2, and p38 levels, but increased OPN, occludin, ZO-1, eNOS, CaM, IP3R, and PLC levels. The antitumor effects of farrerol were evident from the reduced Bcl-2, Slug, Zeb-1, and vimentin levels but increased p27, ERK1/2, p38, caspase-9, Bax, and E-cadherin levels. Farrerol reduced α-toxin levels and increased NO production and NF-κB activity to impart antibacterial activity. CONCLUSIONS This review article provides a theoretical basis for further studies on farrerol, with a view to develop and utilise farrerol for treating of vascular-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- CONTACT Xiaojiang Qin School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Hao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Anqi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Du
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Targeted Drugs, School of Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Qingshan Li School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Almeer RS, Alkahtani S, Alarifi S, Moneim AEA, Abdi S, Albasher G. Ziziphus spina-christi Leaf Extract Mitigates Mercuric Chloride-induced Cortical Damage in Rats. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2022; 25:103-113. [PMID: 33280592 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666201204124412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) severely impairs the central nervous system when humans are exposed to it. AIMS We investigated the neuroprotective efficiency of Ziziphus spina-christi leaf extract (ZSCLE) on HgCl2-mediated cortical deficits. METHODS Twenty-eight rats were distributed equally into four groups: the control, ZSCLE-treated (300 mg/kg), HgCl2-treated (0.4 mg/kg), and ZSCLE+HgCl2-treated groups. Animals received their treatments for 28 days. RESULTS Supplementation with ZSCLE after HgCl2 exposure prevented the deposition of mercury in the cortical slices. It also lowered malondialdehyde levels and nitrite and nitrate formation, elevated glutathione levels, activated its associated-antioxidant enzymes, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase, and upregulated the transcription of catalase and superoxide dismutase and their activities were accordingly increased. Moreover, ZSCLE activated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 when compared with the HgCl2 group. Notably, post-treatment with ZSCLE increased the activity of acetylcholinesterase and ameliorated the histopathological changes associated with HgCl2 exposure. Furthermore, ZSCLE blocked cortical inflammation, as observed by the lowered mRNA expression and protein levels of interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, as well as decreased mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. In addition, ZSCLE decreased neuron loss by preventing apoptosis in the cortical tissue upon HgCl2 intoxication. CONCLUSION Based on the obtained findings, we suggest that ZSCLE supplementation could be applied as a neuroprotective agent to decrease neuron damage following HgCl2 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafa S Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo,Egypt
| | - Saba Abdi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
| | - Gadah Albasher
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh,Saudi Arabia
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12
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Abou Baker DH. An ethnopharmacological review on the therapeutical properties of flavonoids and their mechanisms of actions: A comprehensive review based on up to date knowledge. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:445-469. [PMID: 35340621 PMCID: PMC8943219 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids -a class of low molecular weight secondary metabolites- are ubiquitous and cornucopia throughout the plant kingdom. Structurally, the main structure consists of C6-C3-C6 rings with different substitution patterns so that many sub-classes are obtained, for example: flavonols, flavonolignans, flavonoid glycosides, flavans, anthocyanidins, aurones, anthocyanidins, flavones, neoflavonoids, chalcones, isoflavones, flavones and flavanones. Flavonoids are evaluated to have drug like nature since they possess different therapeutic activities, and can act as cardioprotective, antiviral, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and also work against Alzheimer's disease and others. However, information on the relationship between their structure and biological activity is scarce. Therefore, the present review tries to summarize all the therapeutic activities of flavonoids, their mechanisms of action and the structure activity relationship. Latest updated ethnopharmacological review of the therapeutic effects of flavonoids. Flavonoids are attracting attention because of their therapeutic properties. Flavonoids are valuable candidates for drug development against many dangerous diseases. This overview summarizes the most important therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of flavonoids. General knowledge about the structure activity relationship of flavonoids is summarized. Substitution of chemical groups in the structure of flavonoids can significantly change their biological and chemical properties. The chemical properties of the basic flavonoid structure should be considered in a drug-based structural program.
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13
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Dahiya A, Patel BK. The Rich Legacy and Bright Future of Transition-Metal Catalyzed Peroxide Based Radical Reactions. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3589-3612. [PMID: 34137502 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This personal account is mainly focused on the author's involvement in the field of transition metal-catalyzed peroxide based radical reactions. Over the past decades, radical chemistry has flourished and become crucial in contemporary synthetic organic chemistry. Owing to the presence of a single electron in one orbital, radicals are very unstable and react very fast. To carry out desired transformations and to control the side reactions the stabilizations of these radicals is essential. Fortunately, the implementation of a suitable transition metal and peroxide combination into the radical reactions have proved beneficial. Transition metals not only stabilizes the radicals but also protects them from being quenched by undesired homo-coupling or fragmentation. Transition metal-catalyzed radical-radical reactions provide an innovative way for the construction and derivatization of carbocycles and heterocycles. The objective of this review is to give an overview of the construction and derivatization of heterocycles through the lens of radical chemistry, mainly focusing on research work done by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Guwahati, India
| | - Bhisma K Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, 781039, Guwahati, India
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14
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Hashemzaei M, Fanoudi S, Najari M, Fotouhi M, Belaran M, Alipour NS, Dadrezaei Z, Miri F, Tabrizian K. Effects of Quercetin and Resveratrol on Zinc Chloride- and Sodium Metavanadate-Induced Passive Avoidance Memory Retention Deficits in Male Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:67-74. [PMID: 33859961 PMCID: PMC8027046 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.1.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin and resveratrol are found in a variety of fruits and vegetables and have several biological and pharmacological properties. In this study, the effects of quercetin [50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)] and resveratrol (50 mg/kg, i.p.) on zinc chloride (ZnCl2; 75 mg/kg/d, 2 weeks oral gavage) and sodium metavanadate (SMV; 22.5 mg/kg/d, 2 weeks oral gavage) induced passive avoidance memory retention were investigated in step-through passive avoidance tasks. ZnCl2 was dissolved in saline and SMV was dissolved in drinking water. Mice received ZnCl2 or SMV orally for two weeks and were administered quercetin or resveratrol by i.p. injection on day 14, days 12 and 14, or days 10, 12, and 14. At the end of treatment, animals were trained for one day in a step-through passive avoidance task, then alterations in avoidance memory retention were evaluated after 24, 48, 96, and 168 h. Oral consumption of ZnCl2 and SMV decreased latency time compared with control groups. Both quercetin and resveratrol (50 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented ZnCl2- and SMV-induced avoidance memory retention impairments and did not significantly alter muscle strength, as demonstrated in rotarod tasks. No significant differences were observed between mice who received single, double, or triple doses of quercetin or resveratrol. The results suggest that quercetin and resveratrol may have preventive effects on ZnCl2- and SMV-induced memory impairment in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran.,Toxicology and Addiction Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Sahar Fanoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13131-99137, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Najari
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Fotouhi
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Maryam Belaran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Najmeh Sadat Alipour
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Zahra Dadrezaei
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Miri
- Students Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
| | - Kaveh Tabrizian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran.,Toxicology and Addiction Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 98616-15881, Iran
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15
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Khajavi Rad A, Entezari Heravi N, Kamkar-Del Y, Abbasnezhad A, Jalili-Nik M, Shafei MN, Mohebbati R. A standardized extract of Ziziphus jujuba Mill protects against adriamycin-induced liver, heart, and brain toxicity: An oxidative stress and biochemical approach. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13698. [PMID: 33694177 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Due to the antioxidant effects of the Ziziphus jujuba Mill (Z. jujuba), we investigated the liver, heart, and brain-protective effects of this herb against toxicity induced by adriamycin (ADR). In this study, Wistar rats were divided into 1) control, 2) ADR and 3, 4, and 5) treated groups orally administrated three doses of Z. jujuba hydroalcoholic extract for 1 month. The liver, heart, and brain were removed for evaluation of the oxidative markers. Blood samples were evaluated to determine the levels of Lactate dehydrogenase, total and direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, Aspartate transaminase, and Alanine aminotransferase. Administration of Z. jujuba significantly decreased the biochemical enzymes compared to the ADR. Oxidative condition in treated rats with different doses of Z. jujuba was improved compared to the ADR group. Z. jujuba could decrease the oxidative injury through invigoration of the tissues antioxidant system. The mentioned hepatic and cardiac parameters levels improved during extract administration. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In the first stage, our findings and other supplementary works have shown that administration of jujube extract has prevented the effects of histotoxicity caused by adriamycin, so it seems that in the next stage, the effects of this herbal plant on patients with tissue toxicity caused by adriamycin should be evaluated and if the results are positive in pharmacological studies, it should be used as a complementary drug in the treatment of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Khajavi Rad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nazanin Entezari Heravi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yasamin Kamkar-Del
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbasali Abbasnezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jalili-Nik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Shafei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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16
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Khombi Shooshtari M, Farbood Y, Mansouri SMT, Badavi M, Khorsandi LS, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Sarkaki AR. Neuroprotective Effects of Chrysin Mediated by Estrogenic Receptors Following Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in Male Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2021; 12:149-162. [PMID: 33995936 PMCID: PMC8114856 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.12.1.2354.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Neuroprotective strategies were reported to attenuate cognitive deficits after ischemic incidents. Here we studied the neuroprotective potential of chrysin in a rat model of cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) in the presence or absence of Estrogen Receptors (ERs). Methods Adult male Wistar rats were pretreated with chrysin (CH) (CH; 30 mg/kg; gavage; for 21 consecutive days) alone or with selective ERs antagonists (ERα antagonist MPP; ERβ antagonist PHTPP; IP) or nonselective ERs antagonist (ICI182780; IP). Then, the bilateral common carotid arteries were occluded for 20 min, which was followed by 72 h reperfusion. Subsequently, cognitive performance was evaluated by Morris Water Maze (MWM) and shuttle box tasks, and afterward, their hippocampi were removed for ELISA assays and H&E staining. Oxidative indicators Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), as well as inflammation mediators interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), were measured using commercial kits. Results Results of the current study showed that the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties of CH are possible mechanisms that could improve cognitive deficits and prevent neuronal cell death following I/R (P<0.001). These effects were reversed by ICI182780 (P>0.05). Furthermore, when chrysin was co-treated with ERβ antagonist, PHTPP showed a weak neuroprotective effect in I/R rats. However, these parameters were not significantly different when chrysin was combined with ERα antagonist MPP. Conclusion Our data confirm that chrysin could potentially serve as a neuroprotective agent against devastating effects of cerebral I/R injury, which may be mediated via its interaction with ERs, especially ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khombi Shooshtari
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaghoob Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghi Mansouri
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, United States of America
| | - Mohammad Badavi
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Laya Sadat Khorsandi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Cell & Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Cell & Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Ali Reza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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17
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Cojocariu RO, Balmus IM, Lefter R, Hritcu L, Ababei DC, Ciobica A, Copaci S, Mot SEL, Copolovici L, Copolovici DM, Jurcoane S. Camelina sativa Methanolic and Ethanolic Extract Potential in Alleviating Oxidative Stress, Memory Deficits, and Affective Impairments in Stress Exposure-Based Irritable Bowel Syndrome Mouse Models. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9510305. [PMID: 33425222 PMCID: PMC7775143 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9510305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Camelina sativa is mainly used as an oilseed crop; its edible oil is being also used as a traditional home remedy for the treatment of ulcers, wounds, and eye inflammations, due to the antioxidant activities. In the present study, the chemically characterized alcoholic extracts of Camelina sativa var. Madalina defatted seeds (5 g/kg body weight p.o., suspended in CMC-Na 0.1%) were administered to stress-induced animal models of irritable bowel syndrome (based on combinations of contention stress and multifactorial stress and maternal stress) and evaluated for the behavioural (short-term memory by the Y maze test, the anxious behaviour using the elevated plus maze test, and the antidepressant effect using the forced swimming test) and brain and bowel tissue oxidative status (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes activities and malondialdehyde and total soluble protein levels) improving effects. According to the chemical characterization, the extracts were rich in sinapine, glucosinolates, and flavonol glycosides. Moreover, this study showed the beneficial effects of Camelina sativa seed methanolic and ethanolic extracts on the behaviour and brain and bowel tissues oxidative stress status of stress exposure-based IBS mouse models. Despite the slight differences in the chemical composition of the methanolic and ethanolic extracts, the results suggested that the Camelina sativa extracts could reverse the short-term memory impairments caused by stress exposure and also could decrease the intensity and frequency of the anxiety and depressive-like behaviours observed in the stress-exposed animal models of IBS. Furthermore, the Camelina sativa extracts showed a significant effect on the oxidative stress markers in the brain and bowel tissues of the studied animal model by decreasing the superoxide dismutase activity and increasing the glutathione peroxidase activity. However, the results suggested that the extracts could also increase lipid peroxidation in bowel tissues. In this way, this study provides additional evidence that the administration of Camelina sativa seed alcoholic extracts could improve cognitive performances and mood and exhibit the antioxidant capacity in both the brain and bowel tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana O. Cojocariu
- Department of Research, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B-dul Carol I, No. 11 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioana-Miruna Balmus
- Department of Research, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B-dul Carol I, No. 11 Iasi, Romania
- Department of Interdisciplinary Research in Science, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Carol I Avenue, No. 11, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Radu Lefter
- Romanian Academy, Center of Biomedical Research, B-dul Carol I, No. 8 Iasi, Romania
| | - Luminita Hritcu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” of Iasi, 3rd Mihail Sadoveanu Alley Iasi 700490, Romania
| | - Daniela C. Ababei
- “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Universitatii Street, No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Research, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, B-dul Carol I, No. 11 Iasi, Romania
| | - Simona Copaci
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Bucharest, Bd. Marasti, No. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Silvia E. L. Mot
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Universității Str., No 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Lucian Copolovici
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection; Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Elena Dragoi St. no 2, 310330 Arad, Romania
| | - Dana M. Copolovici
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Tourism and Environmental Protection; Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Technical and Natural Sciences, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Elena Dragoi St. no 2, 310330 Arad, Romania
| | - Stefana Jurcoane
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine from Bucharest, Bd. Marasti, No. 59, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei, No 54, Sector 5, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
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18
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Li HF, Li T, Yang P, Wang Y, Tang XJ, Liu LJ, Xu F, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Wang X, Yin J, Cai SQ. Global Profiling and Structural Characterization of Metabolites of Ononin Using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n After Oral Administration to Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:15164-15175. [PMID: 33315401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ononin is a bioactive isoflavone of legumes. To explore the "effective forms" of ononin, its metabolites were characterized using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn after oral administration to rats. Metabolites (106), including 94 new metabolites, were characterized, which contained 17 phase I, 23 hydroxylated and methylated, 54 sulfated, 10 glucuronidated, and 2 sulfated and glucuronidated metabolites. Six hydroxylated metabolites of formononetin (aglycone of ononin) were simultaneously detected for the first time. Twenty-three hydroxylated and methylated metabolites were the new metabolites of ononin, and the number of hydroxylation and methylation was 1-3 and 1-2. Twenty metabolites have ononin-related bioactivities, and many metabolites have the same bioactivities. Their probable mechanisms of action may be additive and/or synergistic effects, especially because of the addition of the blood concentrations of these compounds. The results provide a foundation for a better understanding of the "effective forms" of ononin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Teng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
- Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration, No.1 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, No.3 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Xue-Jian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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Wang Z, He C, Shi JS. Natural Products for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5790-5828. [PMID: 31131744 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190527120614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system. Alzheimer's Disease (AD), Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) are the common neurodegenerative diseases, which typically occur in people over the age of 60. With the rapid development of an aged society, over 60 million people worldwide are suffering from these uncurable diseases. Therefore, the search for new drugs and therapeutic methods has become an increasingly important research topic. Natural products especially those from the Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs), are the most important sources of drugs, and have received extensive interest among pharmacist. In this review, in order to facilitate further chemical modification of those useful natural products by pharmacists, we will bring together recent studies in single natural compound from TCMs with neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563003, China.,Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang He
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563003, China.,Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563003, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou 563003, China
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20
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Liu LJ, Li HF, Xu F, Wang HY, Zhang YF, Liu GX, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. Exploring the In Vivo Existence Forms (23 Original Constituents and 147 Metabolites) of Astragali Radix Total Flavonoids and Their Distributions in Rats Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235560. [PMID: 33256251 PMCID: PMC7729672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix total flavonoids (ARTF) is one of the main bioactive components of Astragali Radix (AR), and has many pharmacological effects. However, its metabolism and effective forms remains unclear. The HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn technique was used to screen and tentatively identify the in vivo original constituents and metabolites of ARTF and to clarify their distribution in rats after oral administration. In addition, modern chromatographic methods were used to isolate the main metabolites from rat urine and NMR spectroscopy was used to elucidate their structures. As a result, 170 compounds (23 original constituents and 147 metabolites) were tentatively identified as forms existing in vivo, 13 of which have the same pharmacological effect with ARTF. Among 170 compounds, three were newly detected original constituents in vivo and 89 were new metabolites of ARTF, from which 12 metabolites were regarded as new compounds. Nineteen original constituents and 65 metabolites were detected in 10 organs. Four metabolites were isolated and identified from rat urine, including a new compound (calycoisn-3'-O-glucuronide methyl ester), a firstly-isolated metabolite (astraisoflavan-7-O-glucoside-2'-O-glucuronide), and two known metabolites (daidzein-7-O-sulfate and calycosin-3'-O-glucuronide). The original constituents and metabolites existing in vivo may be material basis for ARTF efficacy, and these findings are helpful for further clarifying the effective forms of ARTF.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Astragalus propinquus
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Drug Monitoring
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/metabolism
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics
- Flavonoids/administration & dosage
- Flavonoids/chemistry
- Flavonoids/pharmacokinetics
- Metabolome
- Metabolomics/methods
- Molecular Structure
- Rats
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng Xu
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (S.-Q.C.); Tel.: +86-10-8280-2534 (F.X.); +86-10-8280-1693 (S.-Q.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (S.-Q.C.); Tel.: +86-10-8280-2534 (F.X.); +86-10-8280-1693 (S.-Q.C.)
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21
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Xia YT, Hu WH, Wu QY, Dong TTX, Duan R, Xiao J, Li SP, Qin QW, Wang WX, Tsim KWK. The herbal extract deriving from aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis shows anti-inflammation and anti-hypoxia responses in cultured fin cells from rabbit fish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:71-78. [PMID: 32738512 PMCID: PMC7387939 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A new cell line derived from dorsal fin of rabbit fish Siganus fuscescens was developed and characterized. The cell line was isolated from the dorsal fin, named as rabbit fish fin (RFF) cell line, and which was sub-cultured for 50 cycles since the development. This cell line was tested for growth in different temperatures and serum concentrations, and the best growing condition was at 20% serum at 28 °C. In cultured RFF cells, amplification of 18S rRNA from genomic DNA and immunostaining of cellular cytokeratin confirmed the proper identity of S. fuscescens fish. After 30th passage of cultures, the cells were exposed to challenge of inflammation, triggered by LPS, and hypoxia, mimicked by CoCl2. Cultured RFF cells showed robust sensitive responses to inflammation and hypoxia in directing the expressions of cytokines and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). The water extract of aerial part of Scutellaria baicalensis (SBA) has been shown in rabbit fish to prevent inflammation. Here, we extended this notion of testing the efficacy of SBA extract in the developed cultured RFF cells. Application of SBA extract inhibited the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines, i.e. IL-1β, IL-6, as well as the signaling of NF-κB. The application of CoCl2 in cultured RFF cells triggered the hypoxia-induced cell death and up regulation of HIF-1α. As expected, applied SBA extract in the cultures prevented the hypoxia-induced signaling. Our results show the established RFF cell line may be served as an ideal in vitro model in drug screening relating to inflammation and hypoxia. Additionally, we are supporting the usage of SBA herbal extract in fish aquaculture, which possesses efficacy against inflammation and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Teng Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hui Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Yun Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shao-Ping Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Qi-Wei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China; Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Khan A, Jahan S, Imtiyaz Z, Alshahrani S, Antar Makeen H, Mohammed Alshehri B, Kumar A, Arafah A, Rehman MU. Neuroprotection: Targeting Multiple Pathways by Naturally Occurring Phytochemicals. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E284. [PMID: 32806490 PMCID: PMC7459826 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increase in the expectancy of the life span of humans, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have imposed a considerable burden on the family, society, and nation. In defiance of the breakthroughs in the knowledge of the pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of various NDs, very little success has been achieved in developing effective therapies. This review draws a bead on the availability of the nutraceuticals to date for various NDs (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, vascular cognitive impairment, Prion disease, Spinocerebellar ataxia, Spinal muscular atrophy, Frontotemporal dementia, and Pick's disease) focusing on their various mechanisms of action in various in vivo and in vitro models of NDs. This review is distinctive in its compilation to critically review preclinical and clinical studies of the maximum phytochemicals in amelioration and prevention of almost all kinds of neurodegenerative diseases and address their possible mechanism of action. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library searches were used for preclinical studies, while ClinicalTrials.gov and PubMed were searched for clinical updates. The results from preclinical studies demonstrate the efficacious effects of the phytochemicals in various NDs while clinical reports showing mixed results with promise for phytochemical use as an adjunct to the conventional treatment in various NDs. These studies together suggest that phytochemicals can significantly act upon different mechanisms of disease such as oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic pathways, and gene regulation. However, further clinical studies are needed that should include the appropriate biomarkers of NDs and the effect of phytochemicals on them as well as targeting the appropriate population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sadaf Jahan
- Medical Laboratories Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 15341, Saudi Arabia; (S.J.); (B.M.A.)
| | - Zuha Imtiyaz
- Clinical Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hafiz Antar Makeen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bader Mohammed Alshehri
- Medical Laboratories Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 15341, Saudi Arabia; (S.J.); (B.M.A.)
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase-10, Sector-64, Mohali 160062, India;
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.U.R.)
| | - Muneeb U. Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.U.R.)
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Ren L, Liu W, Wang C, Yang Y, Huang X, Wang C, Li Y. The ancient Chinese formula Longdan Xiegan Tang improves antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia by repairing the hypothalamic and pituitary TGF-β1 signaling in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 254:112572. [PMID: 31940455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Antipsychotics often induce hyperprolactinemia. The transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 signaling in the pituitary and hypothalamus inhibits prolactin synthesis and secretion, and its impairment is implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Longdan Xiegan Tang (LXT) alone or together with antipsychotics have been used to treat various neuropsychiatric diseases and hyperprolactinemia-associated disorders. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the effect of LXT on hyperprolactinemia and involvement of the TGF-beta1 signaling. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats were co-administered with olanzapine (5 mg/kg) and LXT extract (50 and 500 mg/kg) (p.o., × 8 weeks). Plasma concentrations of prolactin and TGF-beta1 were determined by ELISA. Protein expression was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS Treatment of rats with LXT extract suppressed olanzapine-induced increase in plasma prolactin concentration and overexpression of pituitary and hypothalamic prolactin protein. Importantly, LXT restored olanzapine-induced decrease in protein expression of the key components of the TGF-beta1 signaling, TGF-beta1, type II TGF-beta receptor, type I TGF-beta receptor and phosphorylated SMAD3 in the pituitary and hypothalamus. Further, it antagonized downregulation of pituitary and hypothalamic dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) protein level, and inhibited pituitary estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and ERbeta protein expression. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that LXT ameliorates antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia in rats by repairing the pituitary and hypothalamic TGF-beta1 signaling possibly via D2R, ERs or/and other pathways. Our findings may also provide scientific elucidation for use of the ancient Chinese formula to treat the impaired TGF-beta1 signaling-associated neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wenqin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yifan Yang
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Sydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia.
| | - Xiaoqian Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Chunxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yuhao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Endocrinology and Metabolism Group, Sydney Institute of Health Sciences/Sydney Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia.
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Revealing the Common Mechanisms of Scutellarin in Angina Pectoris and Ischemic Stroke Treatment via a Network Pharmacology Approach. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:62-69. [PMID: 32447519 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-2716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the shared mechanisms of scutellarin in angina pectoris (AP) and ischemic stroke (IS) treatment. METHODS A network pharmacology approach was used to detect the potential mechanisms of scutellarin in AP and IS treatment by target prediction, protein-protein interaction (PPI) data collection, network construction, network analysis, and enrichment analysis. Furthermore, molecular docking simulation was employed to analyze the interaction between scutellarin and core targets. RESULTS Two networks were established, including a disease-target network and a PPI network of scutellarin targets against AP and IS. Network analysis showed that 14 targets, namely, AKT1, VEGFA, JUN, ALB, MTOR, ESR1, MAPK8, HSP90AA1, NOS3, SERPINE1, FGA, F2, FOXO3, and STAT1, might be the therapeutic targets of scutellarin in AP and IS. Among them, NOS3 and F2 were recognized as the core targets. Additionally, molecular docking simulation confifirmed that scutellarin exhibited a relatively high potential for binding to the active sites of NOS3 and F2. Furthermore, enrichment analysis indicated that scutellarin might exert a therapeutic role in both AP and IS by regulating several important pathways, such as coagulation cascades, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway, forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, insulin resistance, and estrogen signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS The shared underlying mechanisms of scutellarin on AP and IS treatment might be strongly associated with its vasorelaxant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects as well as its effect on improving lipid metabolism.
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25
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Liu EY, Zheng ZX, Zheng BZ, Xia Y, Guo MS, Dong TT, Tsim KWK. Tectorigenin, an isoflavone aglycone from the rhizome of
Belamcanda chinensis
, induces neuronal expression of erythropoietin via accumulation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α. Phytother Res 2019; 34:1329-1337. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Etta Y. Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food ScienceSouth China Agricultural University Guangzhou China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Zoey X. Zheng
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Brody Z. Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Maggie S. Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Tina T. Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
| | - Karl W. K. Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal BioresourcesSRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen China
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese MedicineThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
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Xia X, Xia J, Yang H, Li Y, Liu S, Cao Y, Tang L, Yu X. Baicalein blocked cervical carcinoma cell proliferation by targeting CCND1 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2729-2736. [PMID: 31284780 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1636055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of baicalein on the proliferation of cervical carcinoma cells and stimulate cervical carcinoma cells with baicalein. MTT method was used to observe cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was used to observe cell cycle, and gene technology was used to observe the expression of corresponding genes at the level of gene and protein. β-catenin activity was assessed using Western blot and ChIP. Baicalein suppressed cervical carcinoma cell HeLa proliferation by enhancing the activity of caspase-3. Baicalein blocked cell cycle at G0/G1 stage by inhibiting the expression of some genes. At the same time, it can prevent the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and inhibit the activity of Wnt. When the Wnt signaling pathway is increased, the proliferation of HeLa cells is inhibited, and apoptosis is promoted in this way. In conclusion, it indicated that baicalein inhibits cervical carcinoma progression by targeting CCND1 via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Xia
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Jiyi Xia
- b School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Hai Yang
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Yan Li
- c Medicine Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Shengyue Liu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Yong Cao
- c Medicine Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Li Tang
- c Medicine Experimental Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , China
| | - Xiaolan Yu
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of South West Medical University , Luzhou , China
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Korabecny J, Spilovska K, Mezeiova E, Benek O, Juza R, Kaping D, Soukup O. A Systematic Review on Donepezil-based Derivatives as Potential Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Alzheimer’s Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5625-5648. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180517094023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
:
Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a multifactorial progressive neurodegenerative disorder
characterized by memory loss, disorientation, and gradual deterioration of intellectual capacity.
Its etiology has not been elucidated yet. To date, only one therapeutic approach has
been approved for the treatment of AD. The pharmacotherapy of AD has relied on noncompetitive
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist - memantine, and acetylcholinesterase
(AChE) inhibitors (AChEIs) - tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine.
Donepezil was able to ameliorate the symptoms related to AD mainly via AChE, but also
through reduction of β-amyloid burden. This review presents the overview of donepezilrelated
compounds as potential anti-AD drugs developed on the basis of cholinergic hypothesis
to act as solely AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Korabecny
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Spilovska
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Mezeiova
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Radomir Juza
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kaping
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- National Institute of Mental Health, Topolova 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic
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Lu Y, Zhu S, He Y, Peng C, Wang Z, Tang Q. Phytochemical Profile and Antidepressant Effect of Ormosia henryi Prain Leaf Ethanol Extract. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143396. [PMID: 31295954 PMCID: PMC6678957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ormosia henryi Prain leaf (OHPL) is a new bioactive resource with potential antidepressant activity, but few reports have confirmed its chemical composition or antidepressant effect. To investigate the phytochemical profile of OHPL ethanol extract (OHPLE), six flavone C-glycosides and two flavone O-glycosides were purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography combined with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HSCCC-prep-HPLC). The eight isolated compounds were identified by NMR and MS. Forty-six flavonoids, including flavones, flavone C-glycosides, flavone O-glycosides, isoflavones, isoflavone O-glycosides, prenylflavones and polymethoxyflavones were definitively or tentatively identified from OHPLE using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/ electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) on the basis of fragment ions that are characteristic of these isolated compounds. The results of the antidepressant assay suggest that OHPLE significantly improved depression-related behaviors of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. The observed changes in these mice after OHPLE treatment were an increased sucrose preference index, reduced feeding latency, prolonged tail suspension time, and upregulated expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The details of the phytochemicals and the antidepressant effect of OHPLE are reported here for the first time. This study indicates that the OHPL, enriched in flavone C-glycosides, is a new resource that might be potentially applied in the field of nutraceuticals (or functional additives) with depression-regulating functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shihao Zhu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yingjie He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Changfu Peng
- Hunan Linuo Biological Pharmaceutical Co. LTD, Guiyang 424400, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
- National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Perrone S, Troisi L, Salomone A. Heterocycle Synthesis through Pd-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Perrone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali; Università del Salento; Campus Ecotekne, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Luigino Troisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali; Università del Salento; Campus Ecotekne, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Antonio Salomone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali; Università del Salento; Campus Ecotekne, Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni 73100 Lecce Italy
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Tsang C, Hodgson L, Bussu A, Farhat G, Al-Dujaili E. Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Dark Chocolate on Salivary Cortisol and Mood in Adults. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8060149. [PMID: 31146395 PMCID: PMC6616509 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ingestion of polyphenol-rich dark chocolate improved salivary cortisol levels and subjective mood states in adults recruited from a health and social care setting. Twenty-six participants ingested 25 g/day of a high polyphenol dark chocolate (containing 500 mg of total flavonoids) or a similar amount of a control dark chocolate containing negligible flavonoids for four weeks. Twenty-four-hour salivary glucocorticoid levels (cortisol and cortisone) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and subjective mood was assessed using a validated Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule. Total daily cortisol, morning cortisol, and the cortisol/cortisone ratio were significantly reduced (p < 0.001) after ingestion of only the high polyphenol dark chocolate. There were no significant differences between groups for overall scores for positive affect and negative affect. No changes were observed after the control dark chocolate, or any other parameter measured. In conclusion, the findings from this small-scale study indicate lowering of salivary cortisol levels following polyphenol-rich dark chocolate in adults recruited from a health and social care setting. Such changes may be attributable to their ability to inhibit 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Tsang
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, St. Helen's Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Lindsay Hodgson
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, St. Helen's Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Anna Bussu
- Faculty of Health and Social Care, Edge Hill University, St. Helen's Road, Ormskirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, UK.
| | - Grace Farhat
- School of Health Sciences, Liverpool Hope University, Hope Park, Liverpool L16 9JD, UK.
| | - Emad Al-Dujaili
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Liu EYL, Xu ML, Xia Y, Kong X, Wu Q, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Activation of G protein-coupled receptor 30 by flavonoids leads to expression of acetylcholinesterase in cultured PC12 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 306:147-151. [PMID: 31034797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids, considered as phytoestrogen mainly deriving from fruit and vegetable, are known to have beneficial effects in brain functions. The role of flavonoids in induction of a cholinergic enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), was being explored here. In cultured PC12 cells, twenty-four commonly found flavonoids were tested for its induction on AChE activity. Fourteen flavonoids showed induction, and five of them had robust effect, i.e. daidzin, alpinetin, irisflorentin, cardamonin and lysionotin. The induction of AChE was fully blocked by pre-treatment of G15 (a selective G protein-coupled receptor 30 [GPR 30] antagonist), suggesting a direct involvement of a membrane-bound estrogen receptor, named as GPR 30, in the cultures. In addition, daidzin was further identified to induce expression of tetrameric globular form of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA)-linked AChE. In parallel, application of daidzin in cultured PC12 cells significantly induced expression of neurofilaments, markers for neuronal differentiation. Taken together, flavonoids could induce the expression of AChE via GPR 30 in cultured PC12 cells, which could be a good candidate for possible treatment of the brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etta Y L Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miranda L Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiangpeng Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China; Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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Ribaudo G, Coghi P, Zanforlin E, Law BYK, Wu YYJ, Han Y, Qiu AC, Qu YQ, Zagotto G, Wong VKW. Semi-synthetic isoflavones as BACE-1 inhibitors against Alzheimer's disease. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:474-483. [PMID: 30927588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACE-1 is considered to be one of the targets for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We here report a novel class of semi-synthetic derivatives of prenylated isoflavones, obtained from the derivatization of natural flavonoids from Maclura pomifera. In vitro anti-AD effect of the synthesized compounds were evaluated via human recombinant BACE-1 inhibition assay. Compound 7, 8 and 13 were found to be the most active candidates which demonstrates good correlation between the computational docking and pharmacokinetic predictions. Moreover, cytotoxic studies demonstrated that the compounds are not toxic against normal and cancer cell lines. Among these three compounds, compound 7 enhance the activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) on A549 cancer cells and increases the activity of P-gp ATPase with a possible role on the efflux of amyloid-β across the blood- brain barrier. In conclusion, the present findings may pave the way for the discovery of a novel class of compounds to prevent and/or treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Ribaudo
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Coghi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Enrico Zanforlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Yuki Yu Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Alena Congling Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Yuan Qing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau.
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Karimipour M, Rahbarghazi R, Tayefi H, Shimia M, Ghanadian M, Mahmoudi J, Bagheri HS. Quercetin promotes learning and memory performance concomitantly with neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult rat dentate gyrus. Int J Dev Neurosci 2019; 74:18-26. [PMID: 30822517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The decline in neurogenesis is a very critical problem in Alzheimer disease. Different biological activities have been reported for medicinal application of quercetin. Herein, we investigated the neurogenesis potential of quercetin in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease induced by amyloid-beta injection. Rats were randomly divided into Control, Alzheimer + Saline and Alzheimer + Quercetin groups. Following the administration of Amyloid-beta, rats in the Alzheimer + Quercetin group received 40 mg/kg/day quercetin orally for one month. Our data demonstrated amyloid-β injection could impair learning and memory processing in rats indicated by passive avoidance test evaluation. We noted that one-month quercetin treatment alleviated the detrimental effects of amyloid-β on spatial learning and memory parameters using Morris water maze analysis. Quercetin was found to increase the number of proliferating neural stem/progenitor cells. Notably, quercetin increased the number of DCX-expressing cells, indicating the active dynamic growth of neural progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. We further observed that the quercetin improved the number of BrdU/NeuN positive cells contributed to enhanced adult neurogenesis. Based on our results, quercetin had the potential to promote the expression of BDNF, NGF, CREB, and EGR-1 genes involved in regulating neurogenesis. These data suggest that quercetin can play a valuable role in alleviating Alzheimer's disease symptoms by enhancing adult neurogenesis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karimipour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Advanced Biomedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Tayefi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shimia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Advanced Biomedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hesam Saghaei Bagheri
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Gong G, Qi B, Liang YT, Dong TTX, Wang HY, Tsim KWK, Zheng Y. Danggui Buxue Tang, an ancient Chinese herbal decoction, protects β-amyloid-induced cell death in cultured cortical neurons. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:9. [PMID: 30621672 PMCID: PMC6323849 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is a historical Chinese herbal decoction, and which has more than 800 years of applications. This herbal decoction solely contains two materials: Astragali Radix (AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) at a weight ratio of 5:1. Clinically, DBT aims to improve anemia syndrome. In complementary and alternative medicine theory, the cause of neurodegenerative disease is proposed to be related with anemia. In line to this notion, low levels of hemoglobin and red blood cell have been reported in patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a chronic neurodegenerative disease caused by β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) accumulation. Therefore, we would like to probe the neuroprotective functions of this ancient herbal formula in vitro. Method The neuroprotective effects of DBT in the Aβ-induced cell death were detected in cultured cortical neurons by multiple techniques, i.e. confocal and western blot. Results In the cultures, application of DBT reduced Aβ-induced apoptosis rate in a dose-dependent manner. In Aβ-treated cortical neurons, the expression ratio of Bcl2 to Bax was altered by DBT. In parallel, application of DBT markedly suppressed the Aβ-induced expressions of apoptotic markers, i.e. cleaved-caspase 3/9 and PARP. Conclusion Taken these results, DBT shows promising protective effects against Aβ-induced stress or insult in cultured neurons.
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Cui B, Zhang S, Wang Y, Guo Y. Farrerol attenuates β-amyloid-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in a microglia cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:112-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Abrahim NN, Abdul-Rahman PS, Aminudin N. The antioxidant activities, cytotoxic properties, and identification of water-soluble compounds of Ficus deltoidea leaves. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5694. [PMID: 30324012 PMCID: PMC6186405 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves from three varieties of Ficus deltoidea, colloquially termed small- (FDS), medium- (FDM), and big-type leaf (FDB), were subjected to water extraction. The crude extracts were fractionated using water (WF) and ethyl acetate (EAF). The phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of the fractions were investigated. The EAF had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the other FDS fractions. Conversely, the FDM crude extract had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the other FDM samples. Antioxidant activity was highest in the FDB crude extract. Ultra-high–performance liquid chromatography showed that two compounds, vitexin and coumaric acid, were present in the FDB crude extract. Additionally, the F. deltoidea leaves caused no signs of toxicity in a normal liver cell line. Our findings show that F. deltoidea varieties have excellent antioxidant activity with no cytotoxic effects on normal liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Nazirahanie Abrahim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Puteri Shafinaz Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norhaniza Aminudin
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Khan H, Perviz S, Sureda A, Nabavi SM, Tejada S. Current standing of plant derived flavonoids as an antidepressant. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 119:176-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Andarzi Gargari S, Barzegar A, Tarinejad A. The role of phenolic OH groups of flavonoid compounds with H-bond formation ability to suppress amyloid mature fibrils by destabilizing β-sheet conformation of monomeric Aβ17-42. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199541. [PMID: 29953467 PMCID: PMC6023135 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a kind of brain disease that arises due to the aggregation and fibrillation of amyloid β-peptides (Aβ). The peptide Aβ17-42 forms U-shape protofilaments of amyloid mature fibrils by cross-β strands, detected in brain cells of individuals with AD. Targeting the structure of Aβ17-42 and destabilizing its β-strands by natural compounds could be effective in the treatment of AD patients. Therefore, the interaction features of monomeric U-shape Aβ17-42 with natural flavonoids including myricetin, morin and flavone at different mole ratios were comprehensively studied to recognize the mechanism of Aβ monomer instability using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We found that all flavonoids have tendency to interact and destabilize Aβ peptide structure with mole ratio-dependent effects. The interaction free energies of myricetin (with 6 OHs) and morin (with 5 OHs) were more negative compared to flavone, although the total binding energies of all flavonoids are favorable and negative. Myricetin, morin and flavone penetrated into the core of the Aβ17-42 and formed self-clusters of Aβ17-42-flavonoid complexes. Analysis of Aβ17-42-flavonoids interactions identified that the hydrophobic interactions related to SASA-dependent energy are weak in all complexes. However, the intermolecular H-bonds are a main binding factor for shifting U-shape rod-like state of Aβ17-42 to globular-like disordered state. Myricetin and morin polyphenols form H-bonds with both peptide's carbonyl and amine groups whereas flavone makes H-bonds only with amine substitution. As a result, polyphenols are more efficient in destabilizing β-sheet structures of peptide. Accordingly, the natural polyphenolic flavonoids are useful in forming stable Aβ17-42-flavonoid clusters to inhibit Aβ17-42 aggregation and these compounds could be an effective candidate for therapeutically targeting U-shape protofilaments' monomer in amyloid mature fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Andarzi Gargari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biophysics, Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Barzegar
- Department of Biophysics, Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS), University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- * E-mail: (AB); (AT)
| | - Alireza Tarinejad
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
- * E-mail: (AB); (AT)
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Liu EYL, Xu ML, Jin Y, Wu Q, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Genistein, a Phytoestrogen in Soybean, Induces the Expression of Acetylcholinesterase via G Protein-Coupled Receptor 30 in PC12 Cells. Front Mol Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29535608 PMCID: PMC5835133 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistein, 4′,5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone, is a major isoflavone in soybean, which is known as phytestrogen having known benefit to brain functions. Being a common phytestrogen, the possible role of genistein in the brain protection needs to be further explored. In cultured PC12 cells, application of genistein significantly induced the expression of neurofilaments (NFs), markers for neuronal differentiation. In parallel, the expression of tetrameric form of proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA)-linked acetyl-cholinesterase (G4 AChE), a key enzyme to hydrolyze acetylcholine in cholinergic synapses, was induced in a dose-dependent manner: this induction included the associated protein PRiMA. The genistein-induced AChE expression was fully blocked by the pre-treatment of H89 (an inhibitor of protein kinase A, PKA) and G15 (a selective G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) antagonist), which suggested a direct involvement of a membrane-bound estrogen receptor (ER), named as GPR30 in the cultures. In parallel, the estrogen-induced activation of GPR30 induced AChE expression in a dose-dependent manner. The genistein/estrogen-induced AChE expression was triggered by a cyclic AMP responding element (CRE) located on the ACHE gene promoter. The binding of this CRE site by cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) induced ACHE gene transcription. In parallel, increased expression levels of miR132 and miR212 were found when cultured PC12 cells were treated with genistein or G1. Thus, a balance between production and destruction of AChE by the activation of GPR30 was reported here. We have shown for the first time that the activation of GPR30 could be one way for estrogen or flavonoids, possessing estrogenic properties, to enhance cholinergic functions in the brain, which could be a good candidate for possible treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etta Y L Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Miranda L Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Jin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Qiyun Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Meng M, Wang G, Yang L, Cheng K, Qi C. Silver-catalyzed Double Decarboxylative Radical Alkynylation/Annulation of Arylpropiolic Acids with α-keto Acids: Access to Ynones and Flavones under Mild Conditions. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Meng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process; Shaoxing University; 312000 Shaoxing People's Republic of China
| | - Guofang Wang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process; Shaoxing University; 312000 Shaoxing People's Republic of China
| | - Liangfeng Yang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process; Shaoxing University; 312000 Shaoxing People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process; Shaoxing University; 312000 Shaoxing People's Republic of China
| | - Chenze Qi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process; Shaoxing University; 312000 Shaoxing People's Republic of China
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41
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Quercetin improves developmental competence of mouse oocytes by reducing oxidative stress during in vitro maturation. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/aoas-2017-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Quercetin is a natural flavonoid with strong antioxidant activity. In the present study, we evaluate the influence of different concentrations of quercetin (QT) on intracytoplasmic oxidative stress and glutathione (GSH) concentration, during in vitro maturation (IVM) and fertilization in mouse oocytes. IVM was carried out in the presence of control (QT0), 5 (QT5), 10 (QT10), and 20 (QT20) μg/mL of QT. Nuclear maturation, intracellular GSH and ROS content were evaluated following the IVM. In these oocytes, we subsequently evaluated the effect of QT supplementation on embryo development, including 2-cell, 8-cell, and blastocyst rate. The results of the present study showed that the supplementation of 10 μg/mL QT in maturation medium increased the number of MII oocytes. In addition, fertilization and blastocyst rate in QT10 treatment group were significantly higher in comparison to the other groups, and elevated the amount of intracellular GSH content compared to other QT concentrations and control groups. The intracellular ROS level was the lowest among oocytes matured in Q5 and Q10 treatment groups. This result suggested that quercetin dose-dependently improves nuclear maturation and embryo development, via reducing intracytoplasmic oxidative stress in mature oocyte.
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Yu X, Liu Y, Wang Y, Mao X, Zhang Y, Xia J. Baicalein induces cervical cancer apoptosis through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5088-5094. [PMID: 29393414 PMCID: PMC5865972 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of baicalein in inducing human cervical cancer cell line C33A apoptosis. Baicalein (200 µM) was used to treat C33A cells. Cell proliferation was tested by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL assay and caspase‑3 activity measurement. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry and associated gene expression at mRNA and protein levels. Nuclear factor (NF)‑κB activity was assessed by luciferase assay and western blotting. Baicalein suppressed cervical cancer cell C33A proliferation and induced cell apoptosis by activating caspase‑3 activity. Baicalein blocked cell cycle in G0/G1 phase through regulating the expression of associated genes. Baicalein inhibited NF‑κB activity by repressing nuclear translocation. Baicalein suppressed C33A proliferation and promoted cellular apoptosis by inhibiting NF‑κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, the results indicate that baicalein can inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis by affecting NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yongzhou Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Xiguan Mao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
| | - Jiyi Xia
- School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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Shin JW, Kweon KJ, Kim DK, Kim P, Jeon TD, Maeng S, Sohn NW. Scutellarin Ameliorates Learning and Memory Deficit via Suppressing β-Amyloid Formation and Microglial Activation in Rats with Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1203-1223. [PMID: 30149759 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is considered as a pivotal factor of cognitive impairment that occurs in cerebrovascular diseases. This study investigated the ameliorating effect of scutellarin (SCT) on spatial cognitive impairment and β-amyloid (Aβ) formation in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induced by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (pBCAO). SCT is a flavonoid in medicinal herb of Erigeron breviscapus (vant.) Hand. Mazz. known to have neuroprotective, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the beneficial effect and pivotal mechanism of SCT on cognitive impairment are still unclear. SCT was treated orally with two doses (10 or 30 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Results of Morris water maze test performed on the ninth week after pBCAO revealed that SCT (30 mg/kg)-treated rats had significantly shortened escape latencies in acquisition training trials, significantly prolonged swimming time at the platform and its surrounding zone, significant increase in memory score, significant reduction in the number of target heading, and significant reduction in the time required for the first target heading during the retention trial compared to rats in the sham-control group. SCT significantly inhibited the production of Aβ(1-40) and Aβ(1–42) in brain tissues. However, SCT significantly upregulated the expression levels of amyloid precursor protein and β-site APP-converting enzyme-1 in the hippocampus. In addition, SCT significantly inhibited the activation of Iba1-expressing microglia in brain tissues. The results suggest that SCT can exert ameliorating effect on spatial cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion through suppressing Aβ formation and microglial activation in brain tissues. Therefore, SCT can be used as a beneficial drug for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Won Shin
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jung Kweon
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kyu Kim
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyungsoo Kim
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Dong Jeon
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Maeng
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
| | - Nak-Won Sohn
- 1 Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17404, Republic of Korea
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-Phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one derivatives as polyfunctional compounds against Alzheimer’s disease. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2078-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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45
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Sowndhararajan K, Deepa P, Kim M, Park SJ, Kim S. Baicalein as a potent neuroprotective agent: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1021-1032. [PMID: 28922719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, neurodegenerative diseases are the most challenging global health problems. Neuronal cell death or damage is a key factor for many neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, there has been a growing interest in the development of effective neuroprotective agents, especially from natural sources. In particular, phytochemicals have shown high efficacy with low side effects in various in vitro and in vivo studies. In the various phytoconstituents, flavonoids are important bioactive products and mainly found in various vegetables and fruits. Among them, baicalein is one of the important flavones, which is mainly found in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. A number of studies have reported that baicalein has potent neuroprotective properties under in vitro as well as in vivo systems. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the existing literature in connection with the neuroprotective effects of baicalein and its molecular mechanisms of action. The current review highlights could be useful to identify novel therapeutic agents in relation to the treatment of neurotoxicity-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandhasamy Sowndhararajan
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Songmun Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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46
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Valorisation of softwood bark through extraction of utilizable chemicals. A review. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:726-750. [PMID: 28739505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Softwood bark is an important source for producing chemicals and materials as well as bioenergy. Extraction is regarded as a key technology for obtaining chemicals in general, and valorizing bark as a source of such chemicals in particular. In this paper, properties of 237 compounds identified in various studies dealing with extraction of softwood bark were described. Finally, some challenges and perspectives on the production of chemicals from bark are discussed.
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47
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Lam KYC, Yao P, Wang H, Duan R, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Asarone from Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome prevents oxidative stress-induced cell injury in cultured astrocytes: A signaling triggered by Akt activation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179077. [PMID: 28598994 PMCID: PMC5466315 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acori Tatarinowii Rhizome (ATR; the dried rhizome of Acori tatarinowii Schott) is a well-known herb being used for mental disorder in China and Asia. Volatile oil is considered as the active ingredient of ATR, and asarones account for more than 90% of total volatile oil. Here, the protective effects of ATR oil and asarones, both α-asarone and β-asarone, were probed in cultured rat astrocytes. The cyto-protective effect of ATR oil and asarones against tBHP-induced astrocyte injury was revealed, and additionally ATR oil and asarones reduced the tBHP-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In parallel, the activity of anti-oxidant response element (ARE) promoter construct (pARE-Luc), being transfected in cultured astrocytes, was markedly induced by application of ATR oil and asarones. The mRNAs encoding anti-oxidant enzymes, e.g. glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutamate-cysteine ligase modulatory subunit (GCLM), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) were induced by ATR oil and asarones in a dose-dependent manner. The ATR oil/asarone-induced gene expression could be mediated by Akt phosphorylation; because the applied LY294002, a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, fully abolished the induction. These results demonstrated that α-asarone and β-asarone could account, at least partly, the function of ATR being a Chinese medicinal herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Y. C. Lam
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Yao
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huaiyou Wang
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tina T. X. Dong
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Karl W. K. Tsim
- Division of Life Science, Center for Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail:
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48
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A Review of Dietary Ziziphus jujuba Fruit (Jujube): Developing Health Food Supplements for Brain Protection. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:3019568. [PMID: 28680447 PMCID: PMC5478819 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3019568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of Ziziphus jujuba, known as jujube or Chinese date, are being consumed all around the world because of their health benefits, as both food and herbal medicine. Traditionally, one of the main functions of jujube, as described in herbal medicine, is to benefit our brain by calming down the mind and improving quality of sleep. Here, the activities of jujubes on nervous system are summarized and discussed. Jujube possesses neuroprotective activities, including protecting neuronal cells against neurotoxin stress, stimulating neuronal differentiation, increasing expression of neurotrophic factors, and promoting memory and learning. Flavonoid, cAMP, and jujuboside could be the potential bioactive ingredients to account for the aforesaid biological activities. These findings imply that jujube is a potential candidate for development of health supplements for prevention and/or treatment of neurological diseases.
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49
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Lin HQ, Gong AGW, Wang HY, Duan R, Dong TTX, Zhao KJ, Tsim KWK. Danggui Buxue Tang (Astragali Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix) for menopausal symptoms: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 199:205-210. [PMID: 28163116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has contributed greatly to human health in past several thousand years. Today, the development of TCM is facing two obstacles: (i) quality control of herbal extract; and (ii) action mechanisms not known. OBJECTIVES Among thousands of complex TCM formulations, Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is the simplest one. DBT is used to treat ailments in women and contains only two herbs, Astragali Radix (Huangqi; AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui; ASR). The weight ratio of AR to ASR in DBT must be 5:1, as stipulated in AD 1247. By using DBT as a model formula, we develop a strategy to reveal the complexity of a traditional TCM formula. RESULTS There are 3 levels of research directions: (i) the preparation of DBT and its rationale behind; (ii) the traditional theory of DBT is elucidated by chemical and biological determinations; and (iii) the action mechanisms of DBT are revealed. CONCLUSION Through the chemical, biological, genomic and proteomic studies, a possible direction in resolving the preparation mythologies, pharmacological and mechanistic analyses of a TCM decoction is being proposed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Q Lin
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amy G W Gong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huai Y Wang
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Ran Duan
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kui J Zhao
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Affiliate of Capital University of Medical Sciences, 95 Yong An Road, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.
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50
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Zhu F, Wang Z, Li Y, Wu XF. Iridium-Catalyzed and Ligand-Controlled Carbonylative Synthesis of Flavones from Simple Phenols and Internal Alkynes. Chemistry 2017; 23:3276-3279. [PMID: 28121387 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Flavones are important natural products with diverse biological activities. In this study, a novel procedure for the carbonylative synthesis of flavones has been developed by using simple phenols and internal alkynes as the substrates. Various flavones were isolated in moderate to good yields with excellent regioselectivity and functional group tolerance by using an iridium catalyst system. Notably, this is the first example of direct carbonylative annulation of non-preactivated phenols and alkynes to produce flavones, with the choice of ligand proving to be critical for the success of this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Zhu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Zechao Wang
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Yahui Li
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Xiao-Feng Wu
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V. an der, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Campus, Hangzhou, 310018, P. R. China
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